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Womeninscience.Pdf Prepared by WITEC March 2015 This document has been prepared and published with the financial support of the European Commission, in the framework of the PROGRESS project “She Decides, You Succeed” JUST/2013/PROG/AG/4889/GE DISCLAIMER This publication has been produced with the financial support of the PROGRESS Programme of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of WITEC (The European Association for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. Partners 2 Index 1. CONTENTS 2. FOREWORD5 ...........................................................................................................................................................6 3. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................7 4. PART 1 – THE CASE OF ITALY .......................................................................................................13 4.1 STATE OF PLAY .............................................................................................................................14 4.2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................................................18 4.3 BARRIERS AND ENABLERS .........................................................................................................19 4.4 BEST PRACTICES .........................................................................................................................20 4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................................22 5. PART 2 – THE CASE OF LATVIA ...........................................................................................................................25 5.1 STATE OF PLAY .............................................................................................................................26 5.2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................................................30 5.3 BARRIERS AND ENABLERS .........................................................................................................31 5.4 BEST PRACTICES .........................................................................................................................33 5.5 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................................34 6. PART 3 – THE CASE OF ROMANIA .......................................................................................................................37 6.1 STATE OF PLAY .............................................................................................................................39 6.2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................................................40 6.3 BARRIERS AND ENABLERS .........................................................................................................41 6.4 BEST PRACTICES .........................................................................................................................44 6.5 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................................44 7. PART 4 – THE CASE OF SPAIN .............................................................................................................................47 7.1 STATE OF PLAY .............................................................................................................................48 7.2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................................................49 7.3 BARRIERS AND ENABLERS .........................................................................................................50 7.4 BEST PRACTICES .........................................................................................................................53 7.5 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................................56 8. PART 5 – THE CASE OF THE UK ..........................................................................................................................57 8.1 STATE OF PLAY .............................................................................................................................58 8.2 LEGAL FRAMEWORK ...................................................................................................................59 8.3 BARRIERS AND ENABLERS .........................................................................................................59 8.4 BEST PRACTICES .........................................................................................................................63 8.5 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................................66 9. PROFILES OF PROJECT PARTNERS ...................................................................................................................69 3 Foreword Women in middle management This guide “She decides, you succeed – Women decision-making positions in the private in Middle Management” is published as part of sector? FOREWORD the EU project “She decides, you succeed”. The • What is the legal framework (national and project is initiated and led by AFAEMME, the European) in which companies operate, and Association of Organizations of Mediterranean in what way is the legal framework a barrier Businesswomen, in cooperation with project or enabler for women to access decisionmaking partners1. The project is jointly funded by the positions? project partners with financial support from the • Which arguments can be used to convince European Commission under the Directorate- companies of the benefits of having more women in decision-making positions? General Justice’s PROGRESS program. • Which national initiatives, projects and “She decides, you succeed” aims at promoting activities have been successful in improving gender balance in the private sector by developing the situation and may serve as ‘best toolkits to disseminate the benefits for companies practices’? of having more women in decision-making • Which recommendations can be put forward positions at all levels in the organization. The to help private companies that are serious in project is carried out in five countries in which the addressing the underrepresentation of project partner organizations are established: women in decision-making positions? Italy, Latvia, Romania, Spain and the UK. Based on these Guides five Country Reports This guide forms the basis of and input for the will be published, bringing together all relevant development of the toolkits. It is one of a series of information on the topic of women in four guides, each on a specific segment or sector decisionmaking positions in corporations per country. in which women in decision-making positions are The research for the guides has been seriously underrepresented. The following guides conducted by the project partners: AFAEMME are part of the series and can be downloaded (Guide on Women in Middle management), the from: http://www.afaemme.org/she-decidesyou- Centre for Inclusive Leadership (Guide on succeed/documentation Women in Top Management), the European Women Inventors and Innovators Network • Guide on Women in Middle management EUWIIN (Guide on Innovative Women Business • Guide on Women in Top management Owners on Boards of Innovative Companies) • Guide on Innovative Women Business and the European Association for Women in Owners on Boards of Innovative Companies Science, Engineering and Technology WiTEC • Guide on Women in Decision-making in (Guide on Women in decision-making positions Science, Technology and Engineering (STE) in science, technology and engineering (STE) companies. companies), in cooperation with the project Each guide provides information on the specific partners The Women’s Business Development segment or sector of women in decisionmaking Agency (WBDA), Associazione Donne positions in the five selected countries Imprenditrici e Donne Dirigenti di Azienda on the following key issues: (AIDDA), the Spanish Organisation of • What is the current status of women in Businesswomen and Management (OMEGA), decision-making positions and has there been Women in Business Romania and the any progress over the past years? Women’s NGO’s Cooperation Network of • What are the obstacles or barriers for women Latvia (WNCNL). to access decision-making positions in the The Centre for Inclusive Leadership (CFIL) private sector? coordinated and supervised the content of the • What are the enablers for women to access research and guide development with the project partners. 1 See last page for a full overview. 6 3. INTRODUCTION Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) are fundamental to assuring humanity’s INTRODUCTION welfare and enabling continued improvements in length and quality of life. In recent years, science and engineering organizations, business enterprises, governments, and civil society institutions have increasingly recognized the global need for a larger science and technology workforce in general and for women’s full presence in it in particular. The focus of this Guide
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