MAGAZINE OF THEU. S. NAVY - 55th YEAR OF PUBLICATION J U L Y 1978 NUMBER 738 NUMBER 1978 JULY

Features 4 DEEP 4 SUBMERGENCE RESCUE VEHICLE Mystic and Avalon standby in case of emergency

10 SEND FOR 'DR.ALL THUMBS Buffoonery helps keep up patients' spirits 12 RIVER12 RATS REMEMBER.. . 87 years of service on the Yangtze 20PORT VISITS TO SISTER CITIES Training and goodwill cruisecovers two worlds

24 SUGAR GROVE The 'Mountaineer Navy' in West Virginia 32FIRST LADY OF THE NAVY She took her battle to the 'Hill' 36ON GUAM - FOUR-FOOTHOLES REPLACE SHELLS Reminders of World War II still crop up onPacific Island 4 2 SALUTING 42 A time-honored military courtesy Departments 2 Currents 16 Bearings 30 RightsBenefitsand Page 12 41 Information Exchange I48 Mail Buoy Covers Front: Visitors aboard the frigate USS Valdez (FF 1096) during a call at Guinea-Bissau in West Africa. Photo by pH2Dave Longstreath. Back: An antenna at the Naval Radio Station, Sugar Grove, W. Va. See page 24. Photo by pH2 JimPreston. At left: SA William Henry beams with pride as he joins three of his brothers following his graduation from recruit trainingat NTC, San Diego. Two otherbrothers are stationed at Subic .Bay, R.P., making a total of six in Navy uniform (left to right: Richard, William, Robert and Douglas). Photo by PHC Jim Bell.

Chief of Naval Operations: ADM Thomas 6. Hayward Staff: LTJG James Mulvey Chief of Information: RADM David M. Cooney JOC Dan Guzman Navy Internal Relations Activity: LCDR Erwin A. Sharp DM1 Ed Markham Dir. Print Media Div. (NIRA): LT Jeff Zakem JO1 Jerry Atchison Editor: John F. Coleman JO1 (SS)Pete Sundberg News Editor: Joanne E. Dumene PHI Terry Mitchell Production Editor: LT Tim Beecher 502 Davida Matthews Art Editor: Michael Tuffli J02 Dan Wheeler Layout Editor: Richard Hosier J03 Fran Bir Research Editor: Catherine D. Fellows Edward Jenkins I I Elaine McNeil Page 42 currents

Energy Conservation Awards Program Established 0 In an effort to promote excellence in energy conservation and management within the Department of the Navy, the Secretaryof the Navy will grant annually seven energy conservation awards to various ships, aircraft squadrons and Navy and Marine Corps shore activities. The awards will be presented for outstandingenergy conservation and energy resource manage- ment accomplishments during the preceding fiscal year with the exceptionof the first award which will cover the period FY 73 through FY 77.Specific recognition will be given for outstanding leadership in energy conservation matters, innovations in development of new equipment or modification of existing equipment to improve energy efficiency as wellas day-to-day operations, maintenance and housekeeping. Theseven classifications eligible for awards arelarge ships, small ships, aviation squadrons,large Navy shore activities, small Navy shore activities, Marine Corps activities and naval industrial facilities. The first award will be announced on Sept. 1, 1978, with subsequent winners named annually onMarch 1. Further details areavailable in SECNAV Instruction 4100.8.

Gas Turbine Systems Technician Rating Established 0 A new Gas Turbine Systems Technician (GS) general rating with GSE (electrical) andGSM (mechanical) service ratings will be im- plemented Oct. 1, 1978. The decision to implement the new rating was made last month by the RatingReview Board at the Bureau of Naval Personnel. Pay- grades E4 through E-7 will be eligible for the GSE and GSM service ratings and E-8s and E-9s will be eligible for the GS general rating. Detailson thescopeof the rating, occupational standards, pathof advancement and conversionswill appear in an upcomingBUPERS notice.

New SWOS Department Head Curriculum Inaugurated 0 A new curriculum with increased emphasis on funda- mental technical subjects will be conducted for theclass of the 59thSurface Warfare Officer School (SWOSCOL) department head course which convened May 26, in Newport, R.I. The revised 32-week curriculum, which had been under development for 18 months, consistsof a common coreof instruction for all prospective department heads in engineering fundamentals, combat systems fundamentals, tactical action officer training and shipboard management. Following this common core, prospective engineer officers will receive specialty training followed by three weeks at the 1200PSI hot plant at Great Lakes, Ill. Prospective combat systems, operations and weapons officerswill receive combat systems specialty trainingto include three weeksof Engineer Officer of the Watch (EOOW) training on thenew 1200 PSI propulsion plant simulator at the SurfaceWarfare Officer School Commandat Newport, R.I.

2 ALL HANDS Navy Voting Campaign

1978 Under Way ‘0 .“A jealous care of the right of election by the people” is an essential principle of government, accordingto President Thomas Jefferson.With this sentiment in mind, theNavy is kicking off its 1978voting information pro- gram in an effort to emphasize the importancevoting of as a means ofpartici- pation in our government.Naval activities have been directed to select a voter assistance officer and voter assistance teams composed of voting counselorsat a ratio of approximately one for each30 crew members. The voting assistance program consists of three milestones. The first is direct contact with each member of the command todiscuss individual registration status andneces- sary steps to comply with the requirements of each home state. The next milestone is a highly publicized drive to get out the voteusing radio, television and station newspapers. On Sept. 7, 1978,designated Armed Forces Voters Day, the program passes its third milestone. On this date, two months before the Nov. 7 general election, commands will have the opportunity to focus at- tention on absentee voting for thegeneral election. Additional informationon Navy voting campaign 1978 is contained in BUPERS Notice 1741 of May 8, 1978.

First Twoseat Corsair Delivered 0 The first of 60 new two-seat TA-7C Corsair I1 jet aircraft was de- livered to NAS Lemoore, Calif., last month as the first modified training version of the A-7 entered fleet service. The TA-7C is a redesigned A-7 aircraft with a second cockpit for theflight instructor and is expected to save in training costs while improving flight training effectiveness. (See article in March 1978, All Hands.) The TA-7C will be used in all phases of training except for the pilot carrier qualification phase whichwill continue to rely on the A-7.

LTJG Promotion Policy Clarified 0 The Bureau of Naval Personnel has issued clarification on the dates ensigns are to be promoted to lieutenant (junior grade). Ensigns may be pro- moted to LTJGon an all-qualified basis by the commanding officeron the day following completion of 24 months commissioned service. This is computed from the ensign date of rank rather than date ofcommissioning since the two frequently are different dates. Proper procedures are contained in SECNAVINST 14 12.64.

SECNAV Mess Awards Winners Named 0 Winners of the Secretary of the Navy competition for best mess in 1977 have been named in each of five categories. They are: Commissioned Of- ficers’ Mess Open, NAS Oceana, Va.;.Chief Petty Officers’ Mess Open, NAV- ‘PHIBASELittle Creek,Va.; Petty Officers’ Mess Open, NAVSTA Rota, Spain; Enlisted Mess Open, NAVSTA San ‘Diego, Calif.; Consolidated Mess- Open, NAVORDFAC Sasebo, Japan. The Chief,PettyOfficers’ Mess at Little Creek, Va., is a third time winner (1974,75,77.) and the EnlistedMess at NAVSTA San Diego, Calif., is a winner for the.second time (1975,’77).

July 1978 3 4 Constant training in case of em.ergency

BY 502 SCOTT DAY famedMcCann Rescue Chamber which helped bring about the rescue of Ready to respond instantly to an 33 of the 63-man crew of the subma- undersea emergency, the U.S. Navy’s rine USS Squalus which plummeted to DeepSubmergence Rescue Vehicle thebottom off Portsmouth, N.H., on (DSRV) stands poised at the North May23, 1939. The McCannchamber Island NavalAir Station. Actually, accommodatesonly a few men at a there are two such vehicles at the West time; today’s DSRVs can carry up to Coast station,the Mystic (DSRV 1) 24 rescuees per trip. and her sister craft Avalon (DSRV 2). The DSRVs can betransported by They operate onan alternatingtwo- air to a port nearest a disaster. They month standby basis. have a test depth of 5,000 feet, and Mystic and Avalon are a farcry their 16-member crewsepitomize the from earlier rescue apparatus, even the peak of efficiency and professionalism. Broughtabout as the ultimate Left: Submarine Development Group One method for rescuing thecrew of a operates a Deep Submergence Schoolfor submarine immobilized on the ocean’s crew members and operators. Below: The DSRV, just one part ofthe overall rescue floor, the DSRV is just one part of the picture. overallrescue picture. Another part,

5

Left: The USS Pigeon {ASR 21), one of two submarine rescue shipsof the same class outfitted to support the DSRVs. Below: Artist’s conceptof an on-site rescue.

North Island Naval Air Station, across the bayfrom San Diego,it vaguely resembles a huge torpedo. But accord- ing to ChiefMachinist’s Mate Jerry Rose, the %foot craft is more akin to the space shuttle. “I’ve been in the space shuttle,” Rose says, “and when I walked into it I swore I had walked into our vehicle. The shuttle’s a littlemore elaborate, but being a DSRV co-operator it was easy for me to pick out the different instruments.” LT, Hall agrees, “The DSRV is like a spacecraft out of the earth’s atmos- phere. Its inertial navigation system is similar to thatused on the Apollo spacecraft. DSRV has six degrees of freedom much like a spacecraft, which gives it the capability to move at any angle and direction. “Whether you want to roll over 30 degreesand ascend at a 25-degree angle, or just hover in oneposition, DSRV can do it. You can literally do anything once it’s submerged.” Constructed from an outer hull con- taining 26 layers of fiberglass, titanium framing, and a steel alloy pressure hull able to withstand 3,300 poundsof pres- sure per square inch, Avulon has sub- merged to a test depth of 5,000 feet, where pressuresreach 2,250 pounds per square inch. Combine the DSRV’.s sturdy hull with her Doppler sonar system, inertial navigation system, televisioncameras and her other navigational and obstacle avoidancesonars, andyou have enoughgadgetry to make Jacques Cousteau envious. “I have no qualms aboutgoing down to 5,000 feet,” says Electronics Tech- nician First Class Stanley Osborne. “You get to see creatures down there that most people haven’t seen. I had qualified submariners who have under- techniques of navigation and shiphan- the goodfortune ofmaking a 5,000- gone special training for DSRV duty. dling, and has an actual model of the foot dive when we had a scientist with “SubmarineDevelopment Group DSRV controlsphere in which the a Ph.D.in oceanography aboard. One operates a DeepSubmergence operator can simulate ‘mating’ to dis- Every timehe would see something School,” LT Hall explained. “They tressed submarines or to a ‘mother’ interesting through the viewports, we’d have a five-weekcrew member’s submarine. We also use that simulator all get a chance to look at it.” courseand a two-weekoperator’s for refresher training.” The pressure hull consists of three course. The DSRVis deceptive in appear- interconnectedsteel spheres-each “The operator’s course teaches the ance. Asit rests in a cradle at the seven-and-one-half feet in diameter.

July 1978 7 This craft carries a four-man crew on descends to the disabled craft, and secure, the transfer of personnel be- each mission. begins “mating.” Debris or cables cov- gins. The operator essentially controls the ering the submarine’s hatchcan be As men enterthe mid and aft entire DSRV:surfacing, submerging, removed by the vehicle’s manipulator spheres their weights are recorded, and communicating, and searching. The co- arm. waterfrom bags within the DSRV is operator assists in setting up sonars, DSRV “mates” by ‘using a pump to poured into the disabled sub to com- video sensors, and hydraulic systems, dewater its hemispheric skirt, thereby pensate for the weight gain. This keeps while twolife support technicians creating a dry sealed passageway be- DSRV neutrally buoyant. maintain environmental control in the tween it and the sub. Once the seal is SonarTechnician 1st AndyRyan vehicle. If a sub is in trouble, the DSRV is flown to the port nearest the disabled vessel.Ports that can support the DSRV are tabulated together with cor- respondingairport runway lengths, widths and loadings, pier facilities, and the widths, clearances and corners of roads that the DSRV must use to reach the pier from thenearest airport. Once the rescue vehicle arrives, it is loaded onto a mother submarine, and transported piggyback to the disabled submarine’s site. Alternatelyit could be carried by the submarine rescue ship of the Pigeon class. DSRV then

Right: The5O-foot craft can be transported by air to a port nearest a disaster. Below: Steps during a DSRV rescuemission. L.

8 ALL HANDS says, “I monitor each man for fatigue Allnew U.S. submarines are being today’snuclear submarines are un- as hecomes aboard. Most of the builtwith a DSRV mating capability. likely to have a major casualty, Hall people coming off thesub will be Today,there are two Pigeon class believes that the DSRVs could handle sufferingfrom emotional stress.” submarine rescue ships and 12 mother the problem. Once the rescuees are aboard, DSRV submarines outfitted to supportthe Avalon’s recent technical and oper- releases the seal, returns to the mother vehicle.Detailed plans of the modifi- ating evaluations confirm Hall’s belief. sub to unloadher passengers, and is cationsneeded for submarines and InMarch 1977, Avalon simulated an replenished to continue another shuttle DSRVs to “mate”are being shared actualsubmarine rescue mission. Us- trip of the rescue operation. with othercountries. And while ing a simulated submarine hull off San Clemente Island in California, Avalon completed 10 consecutive successful “mates.” “Fortunately, we have not been called on yet in a real emergency, and we certainly hope it stays that way,” Hall said. “But after successfully com- pletingtough technical and operating evaluations, I’m confident that Avalon could handle anyemergency.”$

Left: “Mating” with a distressed submarine. Below: Widths, clearances and cornersof roads usedfrom airport to pier must be known. Send for ‘Dr. All Thumbs’

For a woman who calls makeup junk, says it’s too expensive and feels uncomfortablewearing it,Hospital Corpsman 3rd Class Venita E. Patter- son has been known to take two hours completely covering her face with it. That’s when she steps into her role as “Dr. All Thumbs,”the Navy’s only broken-heart surgeon. She earned her make-believe degreefrom San Diego State Universityin 1975 when she studied to become a clown. The odd combination of buffoonery and medicinehas a practicalapplication. “I knew I wantedto portray a doctor when I first started my clown- ing because of my interest in the medical field,” saysHM3 Patterson. She is stationed at the SanDiego NavalRegional Medical Center. She decided to take the college course in clownology to cheer sad and fright- enedpatients in the pediatricsward duringher spare time. She has since foundunlimited potential for use of her antics in patient care. “When I was working in pediatrics, I found many of the techniques I had learned in clowning could be used to help put kids atease before treat- ment,” says Patterson. You’ll never be able to convince thehundreds of children in and around the naval hospital that Patter- son’s a corpsman and a nutritionist. They’ll tell you she’s Dr. All Thumbs, a funny doctor who cures frowns and - I/ sadness with love and friendship. As Patterson explains it, Dr. All Thumbs

ALL HANDS 10 vrv is a person who enjoys seeing people happy. Since becoming a clown, her fond- est memoryis of performing at an Easterpicnic. “When I saw those kids suffering from leukemiaand other cancers itwas hard to keep smiling. But it was a chance to bring a little sunshine into their lives and help them forget their suffering.” A 1973 graduate ofAlbuquerque’s HighlandHigh School, Patterson joined the Navy three years ago. She hasbeen fascinated with medicine since childhood and had compiled 300 volunteer hours at a therapy clinic by the age of 15. After bootcamp at Orlando, Fla.,she attended the 10- week basic corpsman school at Great Lakes, Ill. “Right now,” she says, ‘‘I want to be .remembered as Venita. Dr. All Top: Theyoung daughterofa Navy man beams as Dr. All Thumbs makes a visit to the Thumbs is Someone I created with the doctor a happy experience. Bottom:HM3 help of others; HM3 Patterson is the Patterson examinesa young patient in her working side of me. real-life role as a pediatrics medical assistant. “But as Venita, I’mboth roles in one.” J, Story and photos by pH2 Bob Weissleder.

July 1978 11 K-= laiddown andoutpost civilian and militarypersonnel were rescued from the Nationalists. Uncommoninitiative was common onthe Yangtze. Lieutenant Com- mander John H. Geyer (Ret.), who wasaboard USS Pope in 1928, said, “We were a big ship for the river. Pope was placed there for a show of force to keepwaning armies of pro- vincial warlords at bay. We were con- fidentand ‘cocky in those days and sure enough to domost anything. Even though we werehundreds of miles upriver, we never felt trapped.” Itwasn’t all fighting, of course. “When we’dgo ashore,” Boylesen said, “we’ddrink German beer and Sam Shue Chinese whiskey unless we werelucky enough to finda Marine Corps PX. Thenwe’d buy good 01’ American stuff for $1.68 a fifth.” “Once, whilein Hong Kong,” said Julius L. Gerth, former Marine Corps first sergeant, “we were challenged by the British marines to a rifle match-a challenge we gladly and promptly ac- cepted.I chose a team of Navyand Marineriflemen from USS Wilming- ton. Between us, wehad the highest qualification scores onrecord. Need- less to say, we whipped the British.” Thelast few years of the patrol’s existence were probably the most ex- citing-the world was getting ready for

Top:A merchantman on the Upper Yangtze. Right: Gunboat Tutiladuring a bombing at Chungking. Below: The four-piper destroyer USS Pope (DD 225) on station in China. war andthe Japanese had already tivelysafe spot about 27 milesfrom leadplanes began to descend in the made their move. Nanking. Two hours later, Panay’s direction of the ship and suddenlywent Nankingcame under siege again in bridge lookout spotted planes overhead into a steep power dive. A chief petty December 1937; this time by the Japa- andnotified the commandingofficer, officer was the first to react: “They’re nese. U.S. Embassy officials urged the LieutenantCommander James J. letting go bombs!” few Americans remaining in the city to Hughes.Hughes came to the bridge Two hit Panay, wiping out the radio embark aboard USS Panay. The gun- and saw six Japanese planes in a line room and antenna, and opening cracks boat weighed anchor December 11, heading upriver, yet hewasn’t con- in the hull. Crewmen manned World and moved upriver accompanied by cerned-plane sightings were common. WarI-vintage machine guns and re- three civilian tankers. Panay carried 15 Panay wasreadily identifiable by her turned fire. evacuees, eight of whom were news- largeensign and the Americanflags Panuy was abandoned shortly there- men. painted on her fore and aft deck awn- after. At 4 p.m., she slowly rolled to By 11 a.m., Panay and the tankers ings. starboard and sank by her bow as the were anchored in what seemed a rela- As Hughes watched, however, three crew watched from the riverbank. Jap- anese planes then attacked the tankers whilelow-flying fighters machine- gunnedsurvivors in lifeboats.Several hours later, the Japanese headed back upriver, leaving the Americans to cany theirdead and wounded through swamps and over unfamiliar terrain to safety. “We were ready to go to war right then,” Boylesen said, “but later Japan apologized and paid an indemhityto the United States.” During thenext few years, U.S. gunboatsdid double duty to protect Americans and their property. Patrols were frequently fired upon and hit by smallarms and artillery from the beach. The monotonous early days had been replaced by more livelier times. “We were realsoldiers of fortune,” Boylesen said. “Thepatrol retreated pell-mell to Manilain late 1941 before the relent- less advance by the Japanese through China,” RADM Tolley said. “I just got out of there by the skin of my teeth- literally snuckout of Shanghaithe night ofNov. 29 in a desperate run for theso-called safety of the Philip- pines.” On Dec. 5, 1941, the two-star flag of Rear AdmiralW. A. Glassford was hauleddown and the YangtzeRiver Patroldissolved. Another chapter in Navy history had ended.Two days later, the “sand pebbles” went to war. “Photos on page 15, courtesy of U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings; other photos, courtesy of RADM Kemp Tolley, USN(Ret.).

Top: USS Panay on patrol. Leji: Gunboat Panay with decks awash, following fatal bombing by Japanesein December 1937.

15 Top Dollar Idea about six years ago while attached to menand women serving in the U.S. Destroyer Development Group Two at Navy.This award ceremony helps Sonar Technician First Class Jeffrey Newport, R.I. With some cooperation point up thatfact.” VerBurg is $5,000 richer (minus $1,000 from the Navyand from representa- VerBurg is now serving as an in- in taxes) because he had an idea the tives of a commercialcompany, a structor at the Fleet Training Center, Navy was pleasedto buy. prototype ofhis design was manufac- Mayport, Fla. At a ceremony in thePentagon, tured for the fleet in 1976. Secretary of theNavy W. Graham According tothe Navy Incentive Forges New Path Claytor Jr. presented STGl VerBurg Awards Board, “The extensive knowl- with the $4,000 check for a suggestion edge of equipment capabilities neces- Builder Constructionman Mariann VerBurg submitted which gavethe saryto develop the suggestion is Weber’s interest in building and wood- Navy a towed arraysensor seven clearly beyond that normally expected working goes back to her sophomore yearsearlier than such a devicehad of an STG2 and the measureof original year inhigh school when advisors been anticipated. The check is one of thinkingrequired could not be ex- suggested she fill an open period with the largest awarded to date for a bene- pected of any particular- experience a home economics class. ficial suggestion. level.’’(VerBurg was a secondclass “That just didn’t make it,” BUCN VerBurg’s brainchild, called AN/ petty officer at the time.) SQR-18TACTAS, is an anti-subma- In addressing those at the ceremony, rine sonar device which provides posi- including VerBurg’s wife, Phyllis, their tivecontact recognition at variable two children and his father, Secretary depths. It is a combination of several Claytor said that “The latest issue of sonar systems, and can be used by sur- Jane’s Fighting Ships states that even face ships travelingat high speeds. if the Soviets are numerically superior VerBurgcame up with his idea to us, they cannot match the quality of

Webersaid. “I alreadyknew how to cook.” So she signed up for a plastics class, then a woodworking shop, and in her senior year, vocational training. ‘Now, one ofsix women in the BU rating, r- Mariann Weber’s a Seabee at the Na- val SupportActivity, Naples. She works on emergency maintenance proj-

16 ALL HANDS ects ranging from repairing heating Reconnaissance System (MARS). The under Bill McCrory, a mechanical en- ductsto providingelectrical mainte- model has a silentpropulsion system gineer in the advanceddevelopment nance. capable of transporting Marine Corps division of the diving and salvage de- BUCN Weber didn’t start with the reconnaissanceand Army special partment.Since one of thespecifica- Navy, butthe service always was a forces swimmers from a point some 20 tions was that the boatbe built of part of her plans. She went to an Air miles at sea to shore and returning polyurethane-coated Kevlar (a new Force recruiter first, but later decided them to their ship or rendezvousun- materialnot available to the NCSC on the Navy. detected by the enemy. team but available to two other organ- After completing “A” school for One objectiveof MARS is to replace izations working simultaneously to de- Builder, shewent into the Seabee theexisting IBS (Inflatable Boat, velop a new inflatable boat),the NCSC rating and requested overseas duty in Small) by making use of new materials task team constructed their pre-proto- Europe. Her first orders were to Naval and technologies developed during the type of neoprene-coated nylon. A con- Air Facility, Sigonella, where she took past quarter century. Requirements es- tract waslet to determine if Kevlar advantage of sightseeing toursand tablished by the Army, Navy and Ma- was indeed the best material. traveling. rineCorps in early 1975 were refined Sixmonths later, NCSC and the “You don’t need a lot of money to and revised. Theproject, therefore, other two organizations delivered their get around over here,” she said. “I’m fulfiis joint service operational require- pre-prototypes to the Marine Corps at an E-3, over two, and there’s so much ments. CampPendleton, Calif. All three to see and do but the cost is minimal.” NCSC personnel became directly in- underwentexhaustive testing and BUCNWeber believes her “com- volvedin the project in January 1977 NCSC’smodel was judged the best. mon sense, Midwesternfarmland” backgroundhas helped her adjust to the local culture. In Naples, she lives in an apartment where a rooster wakes her up every morning. After her tour of duty, Weber plans to attendcollege and major in indus- trialmanagement or “a field that is begging for women.” “Those are thethings I’ve got to play on,” she elaborated. “I’ve got to take advantage of the things that I’ve got, and one of those advantages is the fact that I’m a woman.” ”Story by 503 Dana Lawhon -Photo by PHAN Ted Salois

Boat of the Future Scientists and engineers at the Naval Coastal SystemsCenter in Panama City, Ha., have pooled their inventive talents to design a pre-prototype model of an inflatable boat to replace the 25- year-oldmodel currently used in the fleet. It’s called the MilitaryAmphibious

July 1978 17 Bearinss

Another unique feature is that it can a.m.,does 250 toe-touches, 60 push- “Myphilosophy regarding physical travel at speeds up to 31 miles-an-hour ups, 100 sit-ups, 100leg-lifts and 25 fitnessis relatively simple,” he said. because of a special keelson. A three- deep-kneebends, and jogsfor two “As career military men, I strongly inch diameter aluminum pipe that trav- miles.Then he eats breakfastand believewe should project a Spartan erses from transom to bow, the keel- cycles 10 miles to work. image.Physical fitness helps forestall son has a cord in the center which, Hisactivities and attitudestoward coronaries.In general, it provides a whenpulled, allows it to collapse in physical fitness have brought the cap- vitality andtone to one’s features sections for storing. In the final design, tain a certain amount of famein the which befit a professional military the keelson will be an integral part of form of five Super Five awards. man.” theboat that is deployed upon infla- TheSuper Five award is given to The three reserve captains agreethat tion. anyone whoreceives a minimumof physicalconditioning is addictiveand It is expected that a contract for five 100-milejogging membership let- a daily necessity for both their mental construction of12 prototypes willbe ters (signed by his immediate superiors and physical attitudes. awarded in August. Meanwhile, NCSC andbased on points accumulated Cowan, Harris and Geller competed continues to test and revise their pre- through an honor system) and a mini- against 788 runners in the 1978 Hous- prototype. mum of 25 500-, 750- or 1,000-aerobic ton Marathon in February. They didn’t point letters. Additionally, Collins has win the race but they all finished with received four citations for bicycling times better than most in the over 40- Strict Regimen 1,000 miles within a %day time frame. year-old division. “By the timeI arrive at workmy However,it’s not the awards that “Conditioning is the most important brain is working at full capacity. That’s inspire him to do what he does. element inrunning 26 miles,”Geller why I do it in the morning whenI need said.“One must run one-third of a it the most,” explained Captain Frank marathon (almost ninemiles) every C. Collins Jr. , commanding officer of day for at least two months before the the Development and Training Center, race.” FleetMaintenance Assistance Group, All agree that the race starts to get Pacific, at San Diego. tougharound the 20-milemark. *** “There, thelegs, body and mind ‘hit “It’s almost habitforming. When the wall’ if conditioning is not right,” you get into it, it’snecessary every Geller added. day or the day doesn’t feel complete. The conditioning and fitness paid off It’s as natural as sitting at a table and for the three-they finished in just over eating,”commented Captain Bob three hours. They are currently train- Cowan. Two other naval reservists, ing for more marathons. Captain Ed Hams and Commander J. Time also played an important role Geller, agreed. in an endurance test for 20 crewmen *** of the Mobile. They set a new world’s And in Singapore, 20 crewmen from record for the longest slow-pitch soft- the amphibious cargo ship USS Mobile ball game-72 consecutive hours. (LKA 115) expressedit by setting a Thegame, played at theSingapore new world’s record. American School, began on December 28 and continued through December 31 Although it’s described and prac- despite hot, humid temperatures and ticed in a variety of ways, it.all boils torrential rain which,at one point, kept down to the same thing-physical con- the teamsdrenched for more than 12 ditioning. hours. Althoughthe previous world CAPT Collins rises daily at 5:30 record of64 hours was broken in the

18 ALL HANDS early hours of the morning, the teams invited Lieutenant Commander Charles vided by a Patrol Squadron 45 (VP 45) played until they reached their goal of E. Zettle, Commanding Officer of the training flight on Dec. 16, 1977, which 72 consecutive hours-in all, it ran 245 U. S. Naval Facility, Barbados, to the carried the 51-inch artillery piece half- innings. 75th Anniversary Banquet of the Bar- way home, from NAS North Island to The score was 513 to 36Lbut who bados Regiment. During the course of NAS Jacksonville, Ha. There, custody keeps score after 72 hours? the evening, the colonelmade a re- of the somewhat green “Golden Gun” quest of each of the honored guests. wasgiven to LieutenantCommander Of LCDR Zettle,he requested the Joseph F. Phelan, of VP 30, a former Ten Years Later return of the Regimental cannon. NAVFAC Barbados, the West Indies, Everhear of “OperationGolden Atthis point,“Operation Golden executive oficer. Gun”?Not too many people have, Gun’’ was born and soon became the On Jan. 12,1978, in a VP30 P3B although itis unclassified. object of theNavy’s Can” efforts. aircraft, on another training flight, pi- It began 22 years ago at the head- Through the cooperation of Lieutenant loted by Lieutenant Peter E. Blessing, quarters of the Barbados Regiment in Commander Lawrence E. Curran, pro- the gun was escorted to its native land Bridgetown, Barbados, West Indies, spective commandingofficer of by LCDR Phelan and turned over to when a group ofvisiting yachtsmen NAVFAC Barbados andthe assistance LCDR Zettle. decidedthat the Regimental Saluting of LieutenantCommander Edwin F. At Evening Parade that day, before Cannon would make a suitable souve- Parsons Jr., Officer in Charge, Warner the entire BarbadosRegiment, COL nir. That was Feb. 26, 1956. Springs,Calif., Detachment of Fleet Banfield accepted possession of the Shortly after the yachtsmen returned AviationSpecialized Operational long lost Regimental cannon, reaffirm- tothe United States, ananonymous Training Group,Pacific, the wayward ing the warm relations and the spirit of cable was sent to the Barbados Regi- cannon was transported from Lakeside cooperation between the United States ment, advising that the purloined piece to NAS North Island. Navyand its friends in Barbados,- was ingood hands and resting safely Further logistics support was pro- Otes W.A. Kearney III in California; all theyhad to do was come and get it. Needless to say,this was never done and over the ensuing years contact was A Matter of Structure lost withthe captors of the cannon. Doctors Isabella and Jerome Karle, In1968, therewas an aircraft acci- physical chemists at the Naval Re- dent and the son of a Lakeside, Calif., searchLaboratory in Washington, man was killed. The father, while going D.C., are one of the few husband-wife over his son’s estate, found a cannon teamsever elected to the National andcame across a newspaper article Academy of Sciences, a private organ- fromthe Bridgetown, Barbados, Ad- izationdedicated to the “furtherance vocate, describingthe disappearance of science and its use for the general of the 400-pound cannon. Following 10 welfare.” years of correspondence with officials Dr.Isabella Karle, only recently and the regiment“c0mparing pictures, electedto the academy, is head of serial numbers, and the like-the can- NRL’sX-ray analysis section in the non was positively identifiedas the laboratory for structure of matter. She missing piece. is also the only woman physical chem- Now the problem became, “How to ist to be elected to the academy. get the cannon hack to Barbados?” Dr.Jerome Karle, anacademy TheCommanding Officer of the Bar- member for twoyears, is chief scientist badosRegiment, Colonel Leonard A. atNRL’s laboratory for structure of Banfield, being clever and resourceful, matter.

July 1978 19 VALDEZ-INCHON -SPRUANCE

PORT VISITS TO 3 & CITIES BY pH2 DAVE LONGSTREATH During Valdez’s three-dayvisit, visit independently both Guinea-Bissau crewmembers who went ashore and Lome, Togo. Standing on the bridge wingof fast gained considerable insight into the “This deployment will be something frigateUSS Vuldez (FF 1096), avet- cultureand heritage of thesmall na- all of us aboard Vuldez will remember eran pilot of 38 years on the river Geba tion. The reaction to the American for a long time,” said CDR Jacobsen. closelyscans the horizon for naviga- presence was described by ship’s com- tional markers. Selected by local offi- manding officer, Commander K. C. *** cials, 67-year-old Joal Fonsecahas Jacobsen as“extremely curious and beengiven the opportunity to guide very friendly.” Inother African, South American, whatmay be the first American war- Theskipper said thepeople in and Caribbean ports, similar events shipever to visit Guinea-Bissau in Guinea-Bissaucompare their country hadbeen taking place during the WestAfrica. During the 81-mile tothe United Statesjust after the 15,000-miletraining and good will transit,often through shallow waters, American Revolution. “Theyespe- cruise of the three U.S. Navy ships. Fonseca isconfident. He says to no cially admire our Constitution and our In Monrovia,Liberia, for example, one in particular, “JoalFonseca is Bill of Rights,” he said. Seaman Apprentice Andre Brantley, a aboard.There will beno problems.” Lieutenant Commander J. A. Roor- crew memberon the amphibious as- Thesun-baked, earth-colored build- bach 11, Valdez’s executive officer, sault ship USS Inchon and a native of ingsof the former Portuguese colony noted the warm reception given the Dayton, Ohio, participated in a sister appear over the river’s horizon. It has ship. “The majority of our crew mem- cityceremony on Feb. 9 during a been an exceptionally exciting morning bers found it to be a refreshing change three-day port visit to Monrovia by all and as Valdez’s crewmembers man from the many traditionalports of three ships. the rail for entering port, a sense of call,” he said. The ceremony was in the form of an anticipation grows. Vuldez wasopen to publicvisiting official call on Mayor Edward David of What will thepeople be like? Will two of the three days while in Bissau. Monrovia, by Rear Admiral James A. theylike us? These are some of the At first therewas but a trickle of Sagerholm, Commander South Atlantic unspoken questionsin the minds of visitors to the Charleston,S.C.-based Force and Commander of Task Group men aboard Vuldez. ship. As the word went out to the local 21.6. Acting in behalf of Mayor James Unlikesome of the North Atlantic residents, the sizeof the crowds in- H. McGee and the people of Dayton, andMiddle Eastern ports visitedby creased. During the two days of visit- RADMSagerholm presented Mayor Valdez, the port of Bissaugave the ing, the ship’s libertyboats pulled David witha sketchbook of historic officers and men of the 438-foot frigate alongside the frigatetime and again Dayton scenes. aunique opportunity, a chancefor with more and more visitors. Through- Thesister city program was estab- discovery. Located betweenSenegal out the tour, guidesanswered ques- lishedin 1972 to furtherinternational and Guinea, Guinea-Bissau is a newly tions through Portuguese interpreters. established nation, having gained inde- Aspart of a 10-weektraining and pendence on Sept. 24, 1973, after 13 good will cruise, which included USS years of struggle. It has a population Inchon (LPH 12) and USS Spruance A tribal elder of Fouli in Togo- West of over 700,000. (DD %3), Vuldez had been chosen to African nation on the Cu!fof Guinea.

20 ALL HANDS "

: A understanding at alllevels of the in- volvedcommunities on a continuing long-term basis. Among 613 U.S. cities which have established affiliations with more than 818 cities in 76 countries, Daytonwas one of three U.S.cities represented by U.S.Navy men in sister city ceremonies during the good- will cruise. Shaking hands with Monrovia MayoI- Edward David at the conclusion of the ceremony, SA Brantley reaf3irmed the friendship established between Dayton and Monrovia five years ago. Another highlightof the Monrovia port call was a visit by Liberian Presi- dent William R. Tolbert Jr. and mem- bers of his cabinet who toured Znchon and Spruance . President Tolbert spoke of the unique friendship and common goals thatexist between Liberia and the United States. In Tema, Ghana, sister city to San I Diego, Calif., Son& Technician Third Class Edward R. Blakeslee Jr. repre-

1

-” - u- U

STORY BY 502 MIKE GROGAN Grove,Pendleton County, West“By Although it seems a curio^ - -ocation AND JO1 JERRY ATCHISON God” Virginia-home of theannual for a naval station,the 150men and You sometimeshate to tellpeople Festival of Treasure Mountain and women of West Virginia’s only military WestVirginia’s own “Mountaineer base are in preciselythe right place. about a placelike Sugar Grove, W. Navy.” Here’s what the “Mountaineer Navy” Va. The mountains are filled with deer, It’s that “MountaineerNavy” that does and why theymoved from the wild turkey and bear; streams are ice sea into the mountains to do it. cold and brimming with trout; and the raises the most eyebrows. But ask one Messages from Navy ships and sta- valley’slarge, white farmhouses vie of the farmers chatting with the owner tions around the world are beamed to with small, white churchesfor the andnamesake of Bowers’General Sugar Grove via communication satel- visitor’s eye. Twisting and turning past Store and he’ll tell you “It’s real Navy lites and high-frequency transmissions. it all is a road you can drive on for an all right. Men and women of the Varioussensitive antennas placed on hour without meeting another car. United States Navy workin’ and livin’ these Appalachian mountain tops cap- Ask thepeople wholive here and right in our valley.” ture and separatethis message traffic they’lltell you you’vereached Sugar And sure enough-milesfrom any oceanand light years removed from for Navycommands throughout the any big city-there it is. Smack dab on United States. the south fork of the south branch of This is all done in Sugar Grove thePotomac River sits Naval Radio because the area is one of the few Station, Sugar Grove, W. Va. places in the contiguous United States almost totally free of man-made radio or broadcast signals. Norare there cities or industry to hamper reception Solid construction with solid materials, like the weathered oak shown here, explainswhy the valley's barns and buildingsmeasure their age in generations. Right: Aworker in the early morning is dwarfed by one of Sugar Grove's two dish antennason the mountain top. Bottom: Althoughits appearance and setting have remained the sameover the years, this mill no longer grinds the valley's grain.

withrandom, signal-clouding interfer- ence. Indeed,the area is so lacking in industry and people that, about a year and a half ago, it became one of the last places in the U.S. to convert completely to dial telephones. That, in a very quiet nutshell, is why the Navy built two enormous circles of telephonepoles tied together with miles of wire here in Sugar Grove. Butthe mammoth antennasand small support buildings are only the tip of the communicationsiceberg here.

26 Below: John Bowers, left, Sugar Grove’s unofficial mayor, talks with a local resident A visiting Bowers’ General Store and Post Office. Below: CT03 Terry Downing lives in a farmhouse with nearby outhouse and pump-and he likes it that way.

Buried deep within the mountain is a short,it’s a refreshing taste of an 60,000-square-foot complexjammed appealing, rough-and-ready life that with the electronic nerve center of the echoes the frontier spirit those first base. settlers brought to the valley hundreds The sailors of Sugar Grove are per- of years ago. forming tasks critical to the success of So, be they city-bred or country- the U.S. Navy around the world. But born, the Navy people here are having the world of their work-the cavernous anexperience they would behard electronic complex buried inthe moun- pressed to duplicate elsewhere. tain-is afascinating contrast to the Takethe case of Rtty Officer1st world in whichthey live-Pendleton ClassDave Guthrie, a Cryptologic County, West “By God” Virginia. Technician,Interpretive. He, hiswife Their“other” world is a place and child live in a rambling, four-bed- where people stillget together for barn room farmhouse on 116 acres of pas- raisings and hogbutcherings; where ture and mountain. During the winter, manystill cheaply-and efficiently- Dave cuts and hauls wood to fuel the heat their homes with wood. It’sa land snug house’s stoves. wherebarter often replaces cash for Before he leaves for work on those the exchange of goods and services. In dark winter mornings, he performs the

27 Right: Sheep grazein a meadow adj,cent to the base. Below: Antennas,built of telephone poles and miles of wire, overlook the valley.

choresfound on many farms. Living on a farm means more work for him, but it’s work he doesn’t mind because, “Boy, it sure is a beautiful wayto start thesaid. day,” he Clad in the overalls and work boots 1 that are the localresidents’ uniform, Dave ticked off some of theother things he’s learned during his off-duty time inSugar Grove: ‘‘I’ve got my own apple press and we’vesqueezed somecider. I do a littlehunting and fishing, and right now, I’mlearning how to build a log cabin.” According toLieutenant Com- mander Leslie Collins, skipper of the base, the “SugarGrove experience” does something to every sailor and his family. “For example,we had a groupof sailors here whodid only what any The sign on the fence postis tongue-in-cheek, local resident would do,”he said. or is it?In any event, George Wardenof the West Virginia State Policefireshis handmade “When they heard a fire had destroyed (not police issue)flintlock rifle atthe target a family’shome and allits contents, range on base. they went to local merchants for build- ing materialdonations and, with the whole valley pitching in, built that family a new home.”

28 ALL HANDS “This is theland where helping your neighboris the rule.” “Never volunteer for anything” is a Store isits nerve center. John Bow- Today’s modem person might have military myththat’s lost on Sugar ers-owner and Sugar Grove’s unofi- a little trouble handling Sugar Grove’s Grove’s sailors. LCDRCollins gave cia1mayor-leaned onthe worn lifestyle.Navy communications may another example of how the opposite wooden counterand talked with a beam infrom around the world but is true. groupof sailors from the base. They television is only a ghostly shadow on “One day we got a call from local had come to the general store to pick asingle channel-if you’re lucky and officialswho said an out-of-town up thebase mail, chat withBowers live between mountain peaks. Com- hunterwas overdue. They asked if and look over the jumble of foodstuffs, mercial mdio is out of range for all but anyone from the base wanted to join antiquesand locally made crafts. The the most powerful home receiver. The the search party they were forming. effortsof the valley’s skilled crafts- single movie house-when it’s open- The base turned out a hefty portion of men-furniture,hunting knives, jew- is miles down the road. the volunteer searchers and ended up elryand leatherwork-are strewn Some might grow uncomfortable liv- being the ones who found the man- about the old-fashioned store. ing in an area where everyone knows safe, but just a bit worried.” Sincethe mail hadn’t arrived from everyone else’s business. Some might, LCDR Collins’ “hefty portion of the nearbyBrandywine, Bowers intro- but not LCDR Collins. volunteers” was actually about 40 per- ducedhis wife, ClintonAnn, who “It’s more than just afeeling of, cent of all off-duty personnel! He was works as SugarGrove’s postmistress ‘Hey, we’re all stuck here so we might quick to point out, however, that this out of the general store’s back room. as well make the most of it.’ Rather, amazing turnout was not because the “We call her 26815 (Sugar Grove’s ZIP it’s the kind of feeling you get around sailors at Sugar Grove are any different code),”Bowers said. “But close a very large, closely knit family. And than their shipmates. friends call her 26 for short.” that’s kind of nice.” “This is a land where helping your LCDRCollins, also present in the Others would be concerned to learn neighboris the rule-not the big city store, haddropped by to gas up his the base has no commissary, few med- exception,” he said. “Since the barter four-wheeldrive truck; aback-roads icalfacilities and an exchangeabout system is still very much alive here, if necessity during the winter. thesize ofa ship’s store on a de- your neighbor helps you out, you are The town’s unofficial leader and the stroyer. just as beholden to himas if you’d base’s official head talked of goings-on Others might, but not the sailors of signed a contract.” in the valley. Bowers’ wealth of valley SugarGrove: “What with my wife’s For theuninitiated, that first expo- folklore is reason for his store’s popu- vegetable garden, the fresh eggs, poul- sure to thevalley’s way ofthinking larity. It also reminded one how enter- try, pork and beef I either raise or get can bea bit unnerving. One sailor taining simple conversation can be. frommy neighbors, I’m eating better describedhow he’d gone to hisfirst LCDRCollins left the storewith a than I ever have,” one sailor said. barn-raising just for the novelty of it. box of groceries under his arm. They “And that once-a-week, day-long A day in the sun swapping jokes and weren’t his groceries.It’s just that trip to Harrisonburg (Va.)over the hardwork withhis neighbors,and since he was headed in the right direc- mountains is just about the best time eatingdish after dishof homemade tion, and since the family who ordered I’ve ever hadwith my family,” said foodset out byfamilies and friends themwould have to walksnow-cov- another sailor of his family’s shopping were payment enough for the blisters ered roads into town to pick them up, trips to the nearest “big” city. on his hands. it was the neighborly thing to deliver No, SugarGrove doesn’t have the “When I got back to my truck, there them. kind of life everyone would enjoy. But were four dozen eggs and a couple of “Just set them in the snowdrift next many would. freshly killed and plucked chickens on to the mailbox on thecorner of the That’s why-sometimes-youlund thetailgate,” he said. “I wouldhave road,”Bowers said as LCDRCollins of hate to tell people it exists. made a fool of myself trying to find out went out the door. Keeping it to yourself, though, just ‘who had made a mistake’ if a buddy wouldn’t be the neighborly thing to do. hadn’t toldme thatthat’s the way ”Photos by CTTl James A. Brown, pH2 things are done around here.” Jim Presfon andJO1 Atchison. If Sugar Grove (population 62) is the heart of the valley,Bowers’ General

July 1978 29 Riqhts & Benefits U Assistance for Navy Families Demands of military service affect notonly military contributions, the association serves as a communications members, but also their dependents. Recognizing this, the channel for all Navy wives. Any Navy wife can write or Navy has long been concerned with the welfare of its call for answers to questions; the association’s office is in families. As a means of easing frnancial and psychological the Washington Navy Yard. burdens onservice members, the Navy has established The Navy Wifeline Association publishes pamphlets deal- various service organizations, programs and publications to ingwith social customs, tours, organizingenlisted wives serve Navy families. Here’s a rundown of the type of aid clubs, and other information of specialinterest to the offered: service wife. Most publications are free. 0 Navy Family OmbudsmanProgram-Established in 0 Wifelin-A Navy Internal Relations Activity publica- 1970, thisprogram provides fast communicationbetween tion, Wifeline is a quarterly magazine distributed to wives’ Navyfamilies and Navy officials.Commanding officers information schools, ships,stations, exchanges, housing select ombudsmen from among Navy spouses in their offices, base housing units and hospitals. It carries articles commands. The Navy Family Ombudsman officially repre- aboutthe Navy’s policiesand programs as theyaffect sents Navy families and serves as liaison between them and dependents, and provides special interest information deal- command officials. ing with the challenges inherent in Navy family life. Spouses should understand that the ombudsman is not a One of Wifeline’s major sources of information is Navy counselor or a social welfare worker and cannot offer wives who, through their own articles, share their knowl- specificadvice. The ombudsman does, however, take a edgeand experiences with each other. Inaddition to its direct route toward finding solutions by bringing problems regularhelpful features, Wifeline welcomescontributions to the attention of the proper officials. Counseling services from Navy dependents. are provided by other organizations. HousingReferral Office (HR0)-All orders directing The procedures for designating Navy family members to Navy people to new duty stations urge them “to report to serve as ombudsmen are outlined in OPNAV Instruction the appropriate Housing Referral Office prior to negotiating 1750.1A of Mar. 6, 1978. any agreement for off-base housing.” Although not all 0 Dependents’Scholarship Program-More than 20 personnel do this, it might save them grief if they did. Navy-oriented organizations sponsor scholarships for study Applications for on-base housing should be sent before beyond the high schoollevel. Children of Navy, Marine the family leaves their current duty station. If housingis Corpsand Coast Guard members and formerservice available,the Housing Referral Office will assignnew members are eligible to compete for these awards. quarters. If no on-base housing is available, the new family The Office of the Chief of Naval Personnel (Pers 731 1) isadvised of waiting timesfor on-base housing and the administers the program and processes applications. Selec- conditions regarding off-base housing. tion committees of the sponsoring organizations select and The local HRO maintains timely lists of available houses notify recipients. The scholarships, whichare funded by the and apartments for rent or forsale in the area. Housing sponsoring groups, are usuallyawarded on the basis of counselors try to match the housing and neighborhood to a scholastic achievement, character and financial need. Navy family’s specific needs, basing the match on number The ScholarshipPamphlet (NavPers 15003 series)and in the family and financial circumstances. Counselors also applications can be obtained by writing the Chief of Naval can advise the new family about the legality of leases they Personnel (see box). Information concerning the upcoming are contemplating signing. year’s program is usually available in December. When the family is established in their new home, the 0 Navy WifelineAssociation-This volunteer organiza- housing counselor stands ready to respond to possible tion of Navy wives is a cohesive force for Navy families. It complaints. Houses and apartments on the housing referral servesas aninformation clearing house for all Navy list must maintain certain safety and maintenancestandards. families, using the experience of older members to ease the If the conditions are below standard and the owner refuses way for those wives new to service life. to correct the situation, the house or apartment will be A non-profitorganization which depends onvolunteer removed from the referral list.

30 ALL HANDS 0 NavyRelief Society-“The Navy and Marine Corps 0 Familygram-Regular newsletter from commandingof- take care of their own” is the theme at the core of the ficers to families and friends of the crew. NavyRelief Society’s operating policy. This organization 0 Telephone Tree-Informal network of command wives stands ready with several types of assistance for Navy and topass on important information such as last-minute Marine Corps personnel. changes to ships’ operating schedules. The telephone tree is Navy Relief provides money grants or interest-free loans usually headed by the wife of the commanding officer. for emergency financial assistance and sponsorsother 0 CO’sAction Line-A two-waycommunication line activities such as thrift shops, financial counseling services, which may appear as a column in the command newspaper. a visiting nurse service, layettes, and educational loans to Dependents can address questionsand offer opinions di- dependent children. rectly to the commanding officer. During 1977, the Society assisted in 71,245 cases involv- 0 Welcome Aboard Information Kit-This kit is usually ing military personnel. About half that number were helped available from the command’s public affairs office, military financiallyand therest were assisted by other society personneloffice, local wives’ club, or personalservices services. office. It contains information about the command and the In areas where there is no Navy Relief activity,the availability of medical facilities, child care, schools, housing American Red Cross can be contacted for help. The Red and recreation. It usuallyincludes complete information Crossis authorized to advancefinancial aid to a service about the surrounding area and the civilian facilities avail- member in the name of the Navy Relief Society. In turn, able to the Navy family. & the Red Cross will be reimbursed by Navy Relief. A similar arrangement is true for cre.w members of ships at sea. Money can be advanced by the command in an emergency and will, in turn,be reimbursed by theSociety. The service member will be contactedlater regarding repayment. 0 American Red Cross-The Red Cross, in addition to Where Navy Families Can Get Help its reciprocalfinancial agreement with NRS, also offers Navy Family Ombudsman Program, Chief of Naval personal and financial referral services. Red Cross counse- Personnel (Pers73 1l), Department of the Navy, lors can help veterans obtain government benefits to which Washington, D.C. 20370 they are entitled. In the interest of better living, the Red Dependents’ Scholarship Program, Chief of Naval Cross offers courses in healthand safety, andprovides Personnel (Pers 73 1l), Department of the Navy, volunteer activities for people with extra time they wish to Washington, D.C. 20370 donate toward a worthy effort. Navy Wifeline Association, Washington Navy Yard, The Red Cross’ worldwide communications network Bldg. 210, Washington, D.C. 20374, telephone (202) 433- helps families contact service members overseas and at sea 2333, AUTOVON 288-2333 when emergencies warrant immediate notification. Wifeline Magazine, Navy Internal Relations Activity, Chaplains-When members of the navalservice or Print Media Div., Crystal Plaza 6, Rm. 1044, Washington, theirfamilies experience any kind of difficulty, often the D.C. 20360, telephone (202) 692-2564, AUTOVON 222- advice they value most is thatof their chaplain. 2564 Pastoral care to service members and their families is one Housing Referral Ofice (parent ofice), Naval Facilities of the major duties of Navy chaplains. Because they come Engineering Command (Code 0811C),200 Stovall St., in contact with so many people, chaplains are usually well Alexandria, Va. 22332 aware of the kinds of problems people face and can offer Navy Relief Society Headquarters (main ofice), 801 N. positive support to help them deal with their situations. If Randolph St., Rm. 1228, Arlington, Va. 22203, telephone the chaplain cannot give direct help, the troubled family is (202) 692-4904 referred to an appropriate source for assistance. Chief of Chaplains, Bureau of Naval Personnel (Pers9), In addition tothe Navy-sponsored organizations dis- Department of the Navy, Washington, D.C. 20370 cussed, other sources of informationmay be available to Navyfamilies. Some of thesedepend upon the sizeand location of the local command; they are:

July 1978 31

First Lady of.thc Navy BY CATHERINE FELLOWS Yeomanettes in the Naval Reserve for noted,the very idea of women in the duration of the war. Service for service had to be sold all over again. Joy Bright. had always wanted to these women ended in 1919. Yet it was during those crucial years leadan annual parade in Wildwood, During World War 11, women were of World War I1 that women demon- N.J., because, as she told her father, againcalled upon-this time as strated their capabilities in officer and “It wouldbe different to have a girl WAVES-and were given reserve sta- enlistedbillets once held exclusively leading it. ” tus. by men. The captain recalled her pride Theday arrived .when she was 10 Withdemobilization, many people whenshe once visited the Naval Air years old. Dressed in her best, she was assumed that the WAVES would again Station, Banana River (now Cape Ca- boosted onto her horse and took her phase out. AsCAPT Hancock said, naveral), Ha. Because of wartime per- placebehind the chiefmarshal. The “Many regarded women in the military sonnel shortages, the commanding of- moment the band struck, her horse during the war as an experiment and a ficerused women as navigation bolted. For thenext 15 minutes, the warnecessity, not as something that instructors and control tower opera- horse ran across vacant lots, upand should continue.” tors. “I stood behind these young down streets andaround corners, It was at this uncertain time that women seated in the darkened room, while a terrified but determined 10- CAPT Hancock, in July 1946, was watchingapproaching aircraft appear- year-old hung onto the reins with one named Director of WAVES. No role ing as tiny blips on their radar screens, thought in mind, stay on. could have suited her better. She had carefully instructing the pilots to cor- She did. long believed that women should be an rectup or down, left or right, and The family never let her live the integral part of the Navy. coachingthem into a safelanding. I experiencedown. Everytime she She pointed tothe end ofWorld was so proud of them! It was another wanted to begin a project or try some- War I, inwhich 10,000 womenhad example of women successfully meet- thing new and uncharted, someone in been demobilized, with no opportunity ing the challenge of a job that needed the familywould say, “Joy wants to to serve in peacetime. In 1942, she to be done.” lead another parade.” CAPTHancock was Women’s Re- Captain Joy Bright Hancock’s naval CAPT (then LT) Hancock christens the USS serve representative for the Bureau of career spannedboth world wars and Lewis Hancock (DD 675) in August 1943. Aeronautics in WW 11. Later, she was culminated in herassignment as the SpecialAssistant for Women’s Re- third Director of the WAVES (Women serve to the DeputyChief of Naval Acceptedfor Volunteer Emergency Operations (Air). Service). That assignment brought her She hadher struggles at this time. into battlein the halls of Congress. Hoping toopen up the machinist’s Now 80, sherecalled the fight for rating to women, she went to Admiral passage of the Women’s Armed Serv- Arthur W. Radford, then head of the ices Integration Act of 1948, the legis- Bureau of Aeronautics. “I told him lation allowing women to become part women were going to the same school of the Regular Navy. “It wasthe with men and I thought they could do biggestfight ofmy life,” she said, machinist’s work, too. He saidhe’d “one that left scars. Yet, I don’t know back me.” of anywoman who ever had such a The admiral told her to make a pitch fine experience.” at an upcoming meeting with pilots and Before World War I1 there were no officers. “I did and one of the pilots womenserving in the RegularNavy. said he didn’t want to fly a plane that Some, as the captain, hadserved in a woman had fixed. the first World War as Yeoman (F) or “ADMRadford asked the pilot, ‘Whodo you think built your plane? Women.’ And that endedthat.” Today, the captain keeps up to date on the Navy through friends, travels, and letters By the end of the war, there were from young Navy aspirants. 3,000 women machinists.

July 1978 33 lyst behind passage of the legislation, she felt most of the credit should go to Navy women themselves. “Navy women successfullyproved their competence and their intelligence. There defmitely should be equality of service as long as it is not disruptive to theservice. If a person-man or woman-is competent, no blocks should be raised. Certainly, if women have less physical strengthfor a certain job, they shouldn’t be used for it. But the same strength rules also apply to men. You wouldn’t use a man with a weakback to doheavy construction and you wouldn’t usea weak woman,” she said. “That’s just common sense.” The captain admits to pride in hav- ing been a part of such an outstanding group of Navy women. By their suc- cessfulperformance of varied duties, shesaid, these women-then and now-contributed mightily to the soci- ological picture of women in the 20th century.

Retiring us Director of WAVES, CAPT Huncock wus presented the Legionof Merit by Secreturyof the Nuvy RobertB. Anderson.

34 ALL HANDS old for activeservice. So, I was the fact, was the Navy and naval aviation.” Today, CAPT Hancock, wholives logical one..” She loved it,believed in it, and in McLean, Va., travels, writes, gar- Succeeding in joining the Navy, one promoted it throughher press and dens and paints-hobbies shehas of her early assignments was sweeping publicrelations duties untilshe went maintained throughout hercareer. out a hangar at the Naval Air Station onactive duty at the outbreak of Her fust book, Airplanes in Action, inCape May, N.J. “A hangaris no World War 11. appeared in 1938. In 1.972, shepub- smallplace, believe me. But if you Retired in 1953, the slender, enthu- lishedan autobiography, Lady in the could do it, youdid it,” she said. “I siastic captain has beenmarried (and Navy. lovedthe. sense of accomplishing widowed) threetimes. Lieutenant She also continues to receive honors something, and it was during this time Charles Gray Little, her first husband, andrecognition from both naval and that I developed a particular love for was killed when his lighter-than-air ZR-civilian communities. the naval service which never leftme.” 3 dirigible crashed on a flight over the A street in her hometown bears her When shewas mustered out, in Humber River in England in 1921. Her name. This yearshe was nominated 1919, she became a civilian employee secondhusband, Lieutenant Com- for the Military Order of theWorld at Cape May, N.J., at that time home mander Lewis Hancock Jr., was killed Wars; she is a member of the Associa- of the non-rigid airships. Later, in in the crash of the dirigible USS Shen- tion of NavalAviation; and, in Sep- Washington, D.C., she was civilian andoah in Ohio in 1925. The Lewis tember, a new $3.5 million school in head of theEditorial and Research Hancock (DD 675), launched Aug. 1, San Diego’s Murphy Canyon naval Section of the Navy’s Bureau of Aer- 1943, was named in his honor. housing area, which is named the Joy onautics. Then-Lieutenant Hancock had the Bright Hancock Elementary School, She took flying lessons and earned a distinction not only of christening the will be formally dedicated. student pilot’s license to understand ship,but of being-as faras is As a child,her parents taughther betterthe types of problemspilots known-the first naval officer to chris- that if she wanted to accomplish some- experienced-engine difficulties and so ten a naval vessel. thing,she had to go out and do it forth. “I think I knew every naval She was manied-after retirement- herself-even ifit meant leading a aviator we ever had. My whole life, in to Vice Admiral Ralph A. Ofstie (also parade. Captain Hancock has done just a naval aviator), Deputy Chief of Na- that. She has accomplished something Reviewing Navy women ut the Naval Truining Center, Bainbridge, Md., justbefore val Operations (Air)and later Com- for the United States Navy, for naval her retirement in 1953. mander, Sixth Fleet. He died in 1956. aviation, and for Navy women.&

. 35 I.

OnGuam: Four-Foot Holes Replace Shells Photos by JOCS John D. Burlage BY JOCS JOHN D. BURLAGE

Hacking their way throughthe jungle on Guam,a civilian survey crew uncovereda World War II- vintage, undetonated eight-inch shell. Presumably, it had been fired some30 years earlier by an American heavy cruiser duringthe battle for the island. Why it hadn’t exploded on impactis anybody’s guess. Maybe it landedin soft mud; perhaps it wasa dud. Whatever, no surveyor was willing to bet his life that the shell wouldn’t explode if moved. Instead, they called in the Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) crew from Guam’s Naval Magazine. Lieutenant RalphE. Darling, Officer in Charge of the six-man detachment assignedto the island by the Hawaii-based Explosive Ordnance Disposal Group One, said, “My personal estimateis that perhaps half the unexploded ordnance on Guam has been found sincethe war ended. But, as soon as somebody breaks open a new piece of ground, there come some more. “Nine times out of ten,” he said, “an item is safe enoughfor us to pick up and transport back to NavMag where we can explode it onthe demolition range.” The eight-inch shellin question, however, was so far inland that it would havetaken a lot of man- handling to get it out. “I felt it couldn’t be gottenout safely,” LT Darling said. “There was an unacceptable elementof risk involved because it would have takenthree or four men to ease it out.”

Opposite Page-Top: Digging a holebig enough to contain an undetonated shell. Bottom: Shells such as this 8-inch155 are found about twicea year on Guam. At left: EOD team lowersshell into hole before detonation.

July 1978 37 L Given the remoteness of the mineman, ordnanceman,fre control location, Darling decided to detonate technician, gunner’s mate and the shell where itlay, the first on-site torpedoman. Even so, it is difficult for detonation of World War I1ordnance enlisted EOD peopleto compete on the island in more than four years. successfully in advancement exams EOD team members wentto work since theydo not work directly in and a short time later an explosion their ratings. and its residual rumbleof echoes were “EOD means too much to me to let heard as 10 pounds of composite four this problem makeme even consider explosive ((24)put the spark of life to leaving,” said one first class petty the old shell. It left a four-footdeep officer. “I feel comfortablein what I hole. do.” Such detonationsare rare. Seldom, if ever, dothe EOD crews “Normally, we fmd stuff in discuss the hazards of their somebody’s garden 50 yards fromthe profession. “I suppose if you let the house,” Darling said. “And, based on danger factor worry you4you even past experience andour reference consider itit’s going to worry you to material, we know that we can pick it the point where you can’t think up, pack it, and ship it backto the clearly enoughto come up withthe magazine.” solution to a sticky problem,” one Even run-of-the-mill ordnance EOD expert said. requires a special kind of “mental Perhaps one reason EOD people set” and know-how. Darling says the don’t discussthe hazards is because EOD requiresa high degree of each is well trained in every aspect of individual initiative and responsibility. the job. The basic trainingcourse lasts “It’s quite possiblefor great about38 weeks. In it they learnthe responsibility to start at the E-5 fundamentals of ordnance, chemical level,” he said. “Everybody in EOD agents, diving, parachuting(for about must learnto watch out for himself half the trainees), and EOD’s special frrst and his shipmates second. It’s got pubs. to be a team effort. Everybody onthe Advanced training continues team has to know what the other between assignmentsto EOD units person’s doing and how everything is which can include duty on shipsat sea supposed to be done. (especially aircraftcarriers and “Our enlisted men routinely make ammunition ships) and at naval air pickups, and oneman usually is stations and facilities onshore. dispatched initially. He has to be able Overseas duty stations include,in to identify ordnance positively and addition to Guam, the Philippines and know if the fuse is safe. Then, he has Japan. to go ahead and makethe appropriate Fact is, the training never ends. On determination-should he pick it up and bring itto the magazine or should he follow a render-safe procedure?” Enlisted volunteers, since EODis Opposite Page-Top: Checking the circuit. Bot- not a rating, must continueto compete tom: If the temperature is right,the components of C4can be molded like clay. Top Right: for advancement in their original Connecting the blasting device. Left:CWO Tim ratings. Many enlisted EOD LeClear at disposal site. Above: Another shellspecialists, though,are drawn from disappears from Guam. ordnance-related fields suchas July 1978 -39 Guam, Darling and his crew view each assignment as yet another chance to learn. There’s something elsetoo, said Darling: “Every time I go out, I get an adrenalin rushin anticipation of seeing whatthe problem’s going to be this time.” The civilian survey teamthat stumbled over a long dormant pieceof drdnance didn’trealize how much it, was contributingto the well-being of an outfitthat really-so to speak- gets a bang out of its job. & Top: Its detonator intact, this is what’slefr of a WW II US.grenade foundin the waters off Guam. Right:A Japanese 58mm mortar round, still extremely dangerous despite the passageoj years. Below: A collection of WW II ordnance-ortarrounds, grenades, three- and Jive-inch shells, 155mm rounds, and assorted small arms ammo. Information Exchanse

Q. I wasrecently assigned to assist an investigative The second option allows members to take accrued leave, team in picking up the wreckage of a Navy jet fighter that move to their desired location and then reportto the nearest crashedin a mountainousarea. Most of theparts were separation activity for final processing out. Members who small and burned beyond recognition. How can the investi- needto leave the area immediately to begin a new job, gators determine the cause with so little to work with? close on a house, put children in school, etc., might choose A. The Naval Safety Center maintains a staff of qualified this second option. See BUPERSMAN Art. 3810260 (Place aircraft accident investigators. Inthe case of a major of Separation) for details. mishap, one or more of these officers may be assigned to assist with the investigation.They guide a step-by-step Q. Does the Navy have any programs to deal with the process to determine the cause of the accident for the pur- problems of alcohol abuse? pose of preventing future mishaps.You played a vital part in A. Yes. Since the Navy is a microcosmof society, it, that process. too, has a problem with alcohol abuse. Its drinking pattern Thesmall parts you refer to are fragments of engine, is much like that of the civilian world, where almost half of aiIframe, and,possibly,escape system components and sub- thealcoholic people are professionals or managers and components that have been subjected to tremendous impact where one out of 10 in the work force in heavy industry is forces. an alcoholic. To cope with this situation, the Navy Alcohol- The investigator must make an on-site evaluation of just ism Prevention Program (NAPP) was established in 1971. howmuch debris will berequired for a reconstruction The NAPP has two objectives: education, and identifica- layout. This layout is usually accomplished at the nearest tion and rehabilitation. militaryfacility. Each item is identified using illustrated The education phase of the program seeks to: parts breakdown manuals and examined for indications of 0 Promote attitudes of responsibilitywith respect to in-flight fire, fatigue failure, incorrect assembly, overstress, alcohol in those persons who choose to drink and the social flight control positions, engine power settings, etc. acceptability of an individual’s decision not to drink. Meanwhile, the Naval Safety Center’s computer has been 0 Promote the acceptance of the recovered alcoholic as programmed to review all past incidents and accidents.,. with a useful, reliable member of the military community. ... - similar circumstances. 0 Acquaintmedical personnel with the most effective At the squadron level, the pilot and aircraft logbooks are methods of treating alcoholism. scrutinized for abnormalities. Witnesses are sought out and 0 Teach supervisory personnel how to detect alcoholism carefully questioned.Once all this evidencehas been in its early stages and how to induce the alcoholic person to evaluated, probable scenarios are worked out and empiri- seek treatment, and provide knowledge of available treat- cally tested. And so the procedure goes until a conclusion ment facilities. is reached. Ofcourse,no two mishaps are exactly the same, The identification and rehabilitation phaseof the program: so there are manyvariations to the process. The Navy’s 0 Provides programs and facilities for early identification, aircraft accident ratehas declined steadily through the remedial education, treatment and rehabilitation for alcohol- years. Certainly these painstaking efforts have contributed ics and alcohol abusers. to this desirable decline. Aims to achieve general acceptance ofalcoholism as an illness that is preventable and treatable. Q. What is retirement leave? 0 Attempts to removestigmatic effects associated with A. Members of the naval serviceabout to retire or alcoholism which militate proper referral for treatment and transfer to theFleet Reserve have two optionsregarding subequent restoration to full duty. leave. TheNavy has five Alcohol Rehabilitation Centers and They may use accumulated leave prior to transfer to the has set up Alcohol Rehabilitation Units in naval hospitals. Fleet Reserveh-etirement. This allows them to complete the These provide medical treatment, group therapy, education, separationpaperwork, go on leave, and be retiredtrans- spiritual reinforcement and individualcounseling. Also, ferred to the Fleet Reserve on their effective date without AlcoholRehabilitation Drydocks are being sponsored to having to report to a DOD activity for final processing out. enablelocal commands to rehabilitatetheir less serious Criteriaand procedures for this option are contained in cases on site. See “It Works at Lakehurst” in the December BUPERSMAN Art. 3860220. 1977 issue of ALL HANDS.

July 1978 41 SALUTING

. '.' A ,.4 Time-Honored Courtesy

42 ALL HANDS “Hail ye small, sweet courtesies of the forefinger touches the lowerpart of 0 From. risinguntil noon-“Good life, for smooth do ye ‘make the road theheadgear. Thumb and fingers are morning (grade and name).” of it . . . ” wrotethe 18th century extended and joined.The palm is ‘0 Fromnoon until sunset-“Good novelistLaurence Sterne. Though turned slightly inward until the person afternoon (grade and name).” Sterne addressed courtesy in gened, saluting can just see its surface from 0 Fromsunset until turning in- his thoughts are equally applicable to the domer of the right eye. The upper “Good evening (grade and name).” navalcourtesy-the time-honored arm is parallel to the ground, with the When possible, address a senior by standard of behaviorobserved by elbow slightly in front of the body. The grade and name, i.e., “Good morning Navypeople of all ranks. . - ’forearm is inclined at a 45 degree Commander Jones,” rather than by the An integral part of military bearing, angle; hand and wrist are in a straight impersonal “Sir” or “Ma’am.” naval courtesy is that attribute which line. One completes the salute (after it Q: Is it ever permissible to salute with readilydistinguishes the professional is returned) by dropping the arm to its the left hand? Navy person from the smooth-sleeved normal,position in one sharp, clean A: Yes. Navy custom permits left-hand recruit. Itencompasses rules of eti- motion. saluting when a salute cannot be ren- quette, matters of custom, and compul- The first position of the hand salute dered with thenght hand due tophysical sory procedures duringrendering of is exe.cutedwhen six paces from the inability. Army and Air Force custom honors. It’s theNavy person’s com- person saluted, or at the nearest point permi& light-hand salutesonly. pass, showingthe proper course of of approach, if more than six paces. Q: What are some common errors in action in all situations. (Thirty paces are generally regarded as In this issue, All Hands presents a themaximum saluting distance.) The saluting? short course in naval courtesy. Adher- saluting position shouldbe held until the A: Though the “salt” rarely commits a ence to these guidelines will mark you person saluted returns the salute or has salutingfault, less experienced Navy as aperson possessing both self-re- passed. peoplehave been observed saluting spect and respect for others. Q: Is it necessary tosay anything improperly because of one or more of SALUTING while saluting? the following errors: One essential of naval ‘courtesy is A: Hand salutesi according to naval 0 Bowing the head as the salute is the salute. Regulationsgoverning its custom, are accompanied by a word of given; useare founded on military etiquette greeting.The junior person stands at Dropping the salute before it has and are deeply rooted in traditions and attention,looks the senior straight in been returned; customs of the Navy. A miliw organ- the eye and says gne of the following: 0 Hdding the arm awkwardly high izationfunctions efficiently only as a unit, and any common bond or identi- fying symbol that furthers the feeling of coinradeship strengthens unity. The custom of sduting is a time-honored demonstration of courtesy among mili- tary personnel theworld over and expresses mutual respect and pride’ in service. Q: What is the proper way to salute? A: Except whenwalking, one should be at attentionwhen saluting. In any case, head and eyes are turned toward the person saluted unless inappropriate .to ‘do so, such as whena division officer in rankssalutes an inspecting officer on command. When a salute is executed, the right hand is raised smartly until the tip of “ . . . salute when you meet . . . ”

July 1978 ..D 43 A Time-Honored Courtesy or letting it sag too low; example, if an ensign is walking with a officers, the commandingofficer, and 0 Saluting on the double instead of commander and an Army captain ap visiting officers senior to themselves slowing to a walk; proaches, it would be improper for the on every occasion of meeting, passing 0 Avoiding the gaze of the person ensign to salutethe captain until the near or being addressed whencovered. saluted; captain first salutes the commander. On their first daily meeting, they 0 Saluting with pipe, cigar or ciga- As the commander returns the salute, salute all senior officerswho are at- rette in the mouth or hand; the ensign salutes simultaneously. If tached to their ship.Many seagoing 0 Waiting too longto begin a salute; two or more persons of various grades commands consider salutes rendered Saluting in a casual or perfunctory accompany the senior officer, the same at quarters asthe first salute of the manner instead of rendering a smart, rule applies: they renderthe salute day. sharply executed salute. when thesenior officer returnsthe All officersand enlisted personnel Q: Whom should you salute? salute accorded. salute whenever addressed by officers A: Enlisted personnel salute all officers Q: What is the proper saluting proce- senior to them and salute an inspecting andall officers salute their seniors. dure when boarding a ship from which officer during the course of an official Salutesare returned by all saluted the national ensignis flying? inspection. When theprogress of a except when uncoverecCthe person A:All persons in the naval service seniorofficer may be impeded by a saluted then acknowledges with an stop on reaching the upper platform of salute, officers and men clear a gang- appropriate greeting or a nodof his the accommodation ladder or the ship way and stand at attention facing the head. board end of the bow, face the ensign senior officer until he haspassed. Salutes are extended to officersof and salute. Following this, they salute Q: What is the procedure for saluting the Navy, Army,Air Force, Marine the officer of the deck. while inboats? Corps and CoastGuard; toforeign On leaving the ship, personnel ren- A: The officer or petty officer in charge military and naval officers whose gov- der the salutes in reverse order: first to of a boat not underway salutes officers ernments are formallyrecognized by the OOD and then to thenational that come alongside or pass nearby. If the government of the United States; ensign. This procedure is also followed thereis no pettyofficer, officer or and, whenin uniform, to officers of when boarding or leaving a foreign acting petty officer in charge, all those the Navy, Army,Air Force, Marine warship. in the boat rise and render a salute. Corps, Coast Guard Reserves and the Q: Whom should you salute while Boat coxswains salute all officers en- National Guard;to officers ofthe United aboard ship? tering or leaving their boats. (Although States Public Health Service and Na- A: All officers and enlisted people on it is customary to stand when saluting, tionalOceanic and Atmospheric Ad- board a U.S. Navy ship salute all flag this formality is dispensed with if the ministration. Q: Should civilians ever be saluted? A: Civilians entitled by reason of their position to gun salutes or other hon- ors-such asthe President of the United Statesor Secretary ofthe Navy-rate a hand salute. Q: When several Navy people are walking as a group, who should salute? A: When a group of junior personnel approach a senior, the senior in the group initiates a salute bycalling out “ATTENTION” and allin the group face and salute immediately and hold their salute until it is returned by the approaching officer. When several officers in company are saluted, all returnthe salute. For . . saute ofncers . . . ”

44 ALL HA1 safety of the boat or crew would be A: No junior should overhaul and pass not salute. imperiled.) a senior without permission. When for Q: What should one do about saluting When boat awnings are spread, en- anyreason it becomes necessary for whenthe grade of theperson being listedpersonnel sit at attentionwhile the junior to pass, he does so on the considered for a salute is unknown? saluting; they do not arise under these left, salutes when abreast of the senior A: In most cases, officerswill know circumstances. OiXcers seated in boats andasks, “By your leave, sir therelative seniority of those with rise when rendering salutes to seniors (ma’am)?”The senior replies, “Very who are entering or leaving. well,” and returns the salute. whom they are in frequent contact. But there are many situations, especially Q: What about when boats are under Q: What is the procedure for saluting ashore, where that is an obvious impos- sibility. Thesafest course of action is to salute when uncertain and do so im- mediately rather than waiting for the unknownperson to disclose hidher rank. Q: When do sentries salute? A: Sentries salute all officers boarding or departing a ship via the brow, and when passing or being passed by officers close aboard in boats or otherwise. Q: When should a Navy man or woman salute a senior riding in a vehicle? A: Enlisted personnel and officers sa- lute all senior officers riding in motor vehicles. Those in the vehicle both renderand return salutes, as maybe required. A driver of a vehicle is A: When boatspass each other with A: When reporting on deck or out-of- obligedto salute if the vehicle is embarked officers or officials in view, doors ashore, one is coveredand sa- stopped-to do so while moving might hand salutes are rendered by the senior lutes. When reporting in an office, one endanger the safety of the occupants officer and coxswain in eachboat. is already uncovered and therefore doesand therefore may be omi++4. Officers seated in passing boats do not risewhen saluting; coxswainsrise to salute unless it is dangerous or imprac- ticable to do so. Q: Is it proper to salute officers who are wearing civilian clothing? A: A junior in uniform who recognizes a senior in civilian clothing initiates the proper greeting and salutes. In time of war, however,an officer not in uni- form may be deliberately avoiding dis- closure of hidher naval identity, so one should be discriminate about following the normal peacetime rule. Q: How should one salute when pass- c ing a senior proceeding in the same direction?

July 1978 45 A Time-Honored Courtesy Q: Are theresituations ‘in which it when entering a room in which seniors music. If covered, they salute at the would be improperto. salute? .me present? first note of the anthem and remain at A: Yes.Some of the morecommon -A:Yes. Navypeople on duty are salute until the lastnote. are listed below.Do not salute: normally covered andshould salute When in ranks, the officer in charge When uncovered, except where when entering a room occupied by orders “Attention”and renders an failure to salute might cause embar- seniors, i.e., when giving Eight O’clock appropriatehand or swordsalute for rassment or misunderstanding,i.e., Reports aboard ship. the formation. when entering an Army officer’s office Q: What is the properprocedure for In boats, only the boat officer-r in on a reservation where naval customs saluting during the playingof the na- his absence, the coxswain-stands and salutes when the nationalanthem is played. Other members of the crew and passengers who are already stand- ing,stand at attention. Everyone else remains seated, at attention. Personnel wearing civilian clothing and standing at attention in a boat during the.anthem do not render the “hand-over-heart” salute. This is. an exception to the general rule. Q: Is it necessary to salute the ensign when it is being canied in a parade? A: Military personnelsalute the flag when they are passed by or passit being canied unfurled in a parade or -,”,”- “ . . . during colors the boat-officeror coxswain salutes . . . ” military formation. may not be known; tional anthem? Q: What proceduresshould be ob- .. .. Information, except on com- A: When thenational anthem is served at funeral or religious services? mand; played,persons in the naval service A: During funerals, officers and en- * On work detail(the person in stand at.attention and ‘face the colors, listed people remain covered while in charge of the detailsalutes); .if displayed;otherwise, tl face the the open,.but uncover .during the corn- 0 When engaged :in .athletics or as- sembled for. recreation or entertain- ,merit; When carrying articles .in both hands, or otherwise so occupied as to make saluting impracticable; 0 In public places .where obviously inappropriate(theaters, restaurants, etc .); 0 Inpublic conveyances; *-When a member of the .guard engaged in performance of a duty which prevents saluting; 0 Inaction or under simulated com- -bat conditions; or 0 .In mess.(When addressed by a senior .while eating, stop eatingand show respectfulattention.) Q: Should a person on dutysalute “ . . . salutecaptain at every meeting on board ship . . . ”

46 ALL HANDS mittalservice at the grave. During covering do not apply when a service stations and on boardship during burialservices at sea, they remain is being conducted by a representative peacetimewhere a bandis present, covered throughout the service. of that faith. the nationalanthem is played during During religious services aboard ship Q: What is the procedure for saluting ceremonies, so the salute shouldbe and during formal religious ceremonies at Honors to the Colors? rendered in accordance with proce- outdoors ashore, members remain un- A: Atboth morning and evening dures followed for the playingof the covered. colors, “Attention” is sounded and all anthem. At a military ceremony when the officers and enlisted personnel topside Q: What is the procedure for rendering occasion requires, an officer or enlisted facethe ensign and salute. At shore a salute during colors whenin a vehicle or a boat? A: During colors, a boat underway within sightor hearing of the ceremony either lies to or proceeds at the slowest safespeed. The boat officer-or coxswain in theabsence of a boat officer-standsand salutes except when it would be dangerous to do so. Others in the boatremain seated or standing and donot salute. Vehicles within sight or hearing of colorsare stopped. Persons in the vehicle sitat attention. 9,

“ ...uncovered and in civvie person salutes rather than uncovers, as that is the traditional mark of respect. If an officer were attending a military funeral officially, a salute would be appropriate whenever honors are ren- dered; when the body is removed from thehearse to the chapel, from the chapel tothe caisson, andfrom the caisson to the grave; when volleys are fired; and when taps is sounded. As a participant at a nonmilitary funeral or burial service, an individual mayfollow the civilian custom and uncover (rather than salute) when such honors are called for, as during the procession to the grave and the lower- ing of the body. Jewish custom calls for remaining covered duringall religious ceremo- nies, so the usual rules regardingun- “ . . . face the colors and salute . . . -July 1978 41 Mail Buov

More on MSC Duty e “Who’sright?”-it’s anybody’s guess. One source claims that part of the Reunions SIR: Yourarticle, “Going to Sea with reason for two different spellings of Cap- theMSC,” in theFebruary 1978 issue, tain Johnston BlakelylBlakeley is attribut- deleted three important facts that I would able to imprecision in the documentation e Arnericun Buttleship Assn .-Former like to add. in the early days of our country. battleship officers and men are invited to First, my previous command, the USNS Another ship named ajter the same man spend a week at sea aboard SS Erneru!d Harkness (T-AGS-32), had more than the is USS Blakely (FF-1072). Also, Torpedo Seas departing Miami, Fla., April 23, 1979 stated 16 Navy men filling billets aboard Boat #27 bearinghis name carried forCaribbean cruise. Contact David C. the ship. The Navy crew of approximately “Blakely” on the vessel itself. Graham, P.O.Box 11247, San Diego, Calif. 30 menconsisted of ETs,DSs, ENS, Another example of imprecision in spell- 92111. QMs,BMs, YNs, PNs, DKs, SKs, EAs, ing is the name Truxton1Truxtun.-ED. DestroyerSquadron 48-Reunion CMs and some airdales who maintained planned in Saginaw, Mich., Aug. 9-13 for our helicopter. In addition we had eight Original Rates shipmates of USS Kidd Association, Inc., officers and one warrant officer. DestroyerSquadron 48. Anyone who Second,the Harkness was built for SIR: I have a questionconcerning the served in the following ships is welcome oceanographicsurvey and is not a con- eight original Navy rates mentioned in the toattend: Walker (DD 517), Hale (DD verted warship. March 1978 issue. Could youname the 642), Kidd(DD 661), Abbot(DD 629), And, we hadfew contacts with the fiveoriginal rates established in the Stembel (DD W), Black (DD 666), Erben Bluejacketfleet. In fact, we seldom Navy?-Glenn A. Marshall, QM2, USN. (DD 631), Bullard (DD MO), and Chaun- moored at Navypiers even when they e The Naval Service Act of July 1, cey (DD 667). Contact Harrold F. Mon- were available. 1797, providedfor the following petty ning, 310 East8th St., Kewanee, Ill., Theremainder of thearticle is very of3cer ratings and enlisted rates: 61443. informative for those desiring duty aboard e Seabees-66th U.S. Navy Construc- or are unfamiliar with MSC ships.-Marc P. 0. Ratings tionBattalion and 1022 Detachment of McCright, ETN3, USN. Armorer Gunner’s Mate Seabees, World War 11. Reunion at Tu- Boatswain’s Mate Master-at-Arms pelo,Miss., Aug. 30 toSept. 2. Contact Kidney Machine Captain’s Clerk Master’s Mate W.M. Howard, 2648 Country Green Rd., Carpenter’s Mate Quarter Gunner Memphis, Tenn. 38134 or John Chandler, SIR: I’vejust finishedreading your Cook Sailmaker’s Mate P.O.Box 340, McLemoresville,Tenn. article ‘‘Second-Chance Miracle, Kidney Cooper Steward 38235. Transplant” (March ’78 issue). Coxswain Yeoman of the Gun e Association of Minemen-Reunion at I appreciate this article in that my father Room CharlestonAir ForceBase, Charleston, was also a victim of chronic renal failure. S.C., Aug. 19-20. All active, retired rnili- He was administered dialysis twice a week Crew taryand civilian personnelwho are or for almost three years. The dialysis took Seaman have beenassociated with mine warfare place in our homesupervised by my Ordinary Seaman are invited. Contact Association of Mine- mother and myself. Midshipman (there was also a Midship- men,Fleet Liaison Department, Naval I agree with the article that this process man, Warrant Officer) Mine Engineering Facility, Yorktown, Va. is extremelycostly, time-consuming, and Boy Cfirst appears on the Muster Roll of 23691. restrictive.The fact still remains that USS Constitution in 1798).-E~. e USS Amycus (ARL 2tReunion in hemo-dialysis is a life-saving device.- San Diego, Calif., Sept. 1-2. Contact V. David S. Chaney, EW2, USN. E.Jackson, 3562 Ben St.,San Diego, Recognition Due Calif. 921 11. e USSAstoria (CA 34)”Reunion at Who’s Right? SIR:Regarding the Currents item in the Gearhart, Ore. 36th Anniversary of Savo February 1978 issue-“U.S. Ships Aid Island. Aug. 11-13. Contact KenCruse, SIR: Withregard to theback cover Burning Freighter”-let’s putthe credit 625 E. Edison St., Hillsborn, Ore. 97123. biography onyour March 1978 issue, I where it’s due.The USS Bigelow (DD e USS Whale (SS 239tReunion being believe the subject’s name has been mis- 942) remained on the scene while waiting planned for August at the Submarine Vet- spelled.According tothe Dictionary of for commercial tugs to arrive. I think that erans of WorldWar I1 conventionin American Naval Fighting Ships, Volume I the men of the Bigelow would appreciate Norfolk, Va. ContactErnest W. Talbot, (page 130), the Captain’s name was Blake- recognition.-D. E. Haddock, SK2, USN. 50 Wyoming Rd., Paramus, N.J. 07652. ley, not Blakely. Three ships named in his e Thank you for calling our attention to e USS Callaway (APA 35)“Reunion at honorover the years-TB-27, DD-150, the part played by the USS Bigelow in the McAllen, Tex., Aug. 1-3. Contact Samuel and DE-140- all had it that way. Who’s incident. We had no intention of slighting Schreiber, 210 W. Garland, Garland, Tex. right?-CDR Tyrone G. Martin. Bigelow.- ED. 75040.

48 ALL HANDS Stern Shots

During the summer, especially between Memorial Day and the Fourth of July, Americans have an affinity for flag waving. But there are rules for displaying theAmeri- can flag. See if you know your flag etiquette.

1. At a lecture in an auditorium, the flag should be displayed at: 2. Whensuspended over a north-south street, the union of the flag should be to the (a) west; (b) east.

3. When displayed with another flag against a wall from crossed staffs, the staff of the American flag should be in front of the other staff. On which side 4. When flownwith flags of other nations, the should the American flag hang? American flag should fly at:

5. When the "Star Spangled Banner" is played, the 6. When displayed with several state or organiza- audience should (a) face the flag and salute, (b) face tional flags, the U. S. flag should be at: the music and salute.