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A Mi Abuelo Elso Y a Mi Abuela Lea Promotor Prof. Dr. Kristoffel Demoen a mi abuelo Elso y a mi abuela Lea Promotor Prof. dr. Kristoffel Demoen Vakgroep Letterkunde Copromotor Prof. dr. Floris Bernard Vakgroep Letterkunde Nederlandse vertaling: Poëzie gebruiken om het verleden te lezen: onuitgegeven Byzantijnse scholia in vers in de marge van middeleeuwse manuscripten Cover image: Vat. Pal. gr. 93, f.169v Using Poetry to Read the Past Unedited Byzantine Verse Scholia on Historians in the Margins of Medieval Manuscripts Julián Bértola Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de letterkunde 2021 Acknowledgements The last days of 2016 I moved from Argentina to Belgium to start a PhD at Ghent University. I was granted a fellowship by the research project “Poetry from the Margins. Literary, linguistic, philological and cultural-historical analysis of a new corpus of Byzantine book epigrams (800-1453)” to study the reception of ancient Greek literature in Byzantine book epigrams within the framework of the Database of Byzantine Book Epigrams. From the very first moment, the people behind DBBE made this transition smooth and, until today, they make me feel a proud member of this wonderful team. My deepest thanks go to Kristoffel Demoen, who welcomed and guided me through this whole process, giving me sensible words of encouragement and advice. He was a patient reader, attentive and responsive, without letting me believe for one second that I was being annoying or inefficient. Later in my trajectory, I was incredibly lucky to coincide with the return of Floris Bernard to Ghent and to become his student. A renowned scholar in the field of Byzantine poetry, Floris only had wise remarks and warm support to offer me, for which I am sincerely thankful. The combination and chemistry of these two supervisors have redounded to the benefit of this dissertation to a degree impossible to overestimate. Likewise, I only have words of gratitude for my fellow DBBEings. Rachele Ricceri in her role of “godmother” helped me throughout with many practicalities and always urged me to participate in the academic world. Maria Tomadaki was always ready to share her insights in our many common interests and read many passages of this dissertation with reassuring and enthusiastic comments. Ilse de Vos prepared my arrival in Ghent and has been keeping DBBE lively and busy all this time. In Sien De Groot I found a lifelong friend. DBBE never ceased to offer me nice people to share experiences and knowledge with: Julie Boeten, Sarah-Helena Van den Brande, Anne-Sophie Rouckhout, Cristina Cocola and many others who have taken part in this enterprise. Among these I should also mention Nina Sietis, who generously let me know about some epigrams on Herodotus relevant for my research and guided me in Rome and the Vatican Library. DBBE is a team of knowledgeable and inspiring scholars that have taught me a lot about teamwork and v collegiality. The international members assisted me in coping with the anxieties of expatriates, whereas the Belgians showed me the kindness of this people. The same heart-warming considerations can be extrapolated to my colleagues from the Greek and Latin sections of the Faculty of Arts and Philosophy, with whom I came in contact through academic collaborations and bonding activities over the years, including the monthly birthday lunches, coffees in the kitchen and drinks after work. The full list of these colleagues with whom I shared results, opinions, professional concerns or simply a nice time would probably be too long; any partial list would be unfair. I do feel obliged to mention the names of Olivier Demerre and Julie Van Pelt, true confidants for whom I feel warm affection. I should also mention that in the last years another research group in Ghent University (EVWRIT) has offered me good friends. Antonia Apostolakou has helped me with admirable skill to improve many passages of this dissertation that go unacknowledged, besides offering me comfort and support. A number of international scholars have shown unmerited interest in my work and have generously given me their views on several points and the opportunity to share my research and gain new knowledge. My thanks go to Alexander Alexakis, Reinhart Ceulemans, Andrea Cuomo, Koen De Temmerman, Martin Hinterberger, Christian Høgel, Matthew Kinloch, Marc Lauxtermann, Divna Manolova, Ingela Nilsson, Paolo Odorico, Stratis Papaioannou, Aglae Pizzone, Andreas Rhoby, Filippo Ronconi, Raimondo Tocci, Baukje van den Berg, Peter van Nuffelen, Emilie van Opstall, Milan Vukašinović and Nikos Zagklas, among others. The fundamental stone of my career was laid in my alma mater, Universidad de Buenos Aires. I will never be grateful enough to my professor Pablo Cavallero, who initiated me into Byzantine literature and textual criticism. I would like to express my gratitude and affection to other Argentinian professors and scholars here as well: Agustín Ávila, Tomás Fernández, Diego Fittipaldi, José Maksimczuk, Ezequiel Rivas and Analía Sapere. Last but not least, the love of family and friends was a sine qua non for the completion of this dissertation. I will proceed now in Spanish. No tengo palabras para agradecer a mi mamá y a mi papá, que siempre mostraron interés por lo que hago y nunca me dejaron pensar que no estoy a la altura, y a mis hermanos, a quienes más extrañé estando en Europa. En la dedicatoria de este libro a mis abuelos se condensa también la gratitud y afecto a toda mi familia, en especial a Benjamín, a quien acompañé a la distancia con todo mi corazón en un momento de gran felicidad en su vida. vi List of Abbreviations AFLPer Annali della Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia di Perugia BEiÜ Byzantinische Epigramme in inschriftlicher Überlieferung. 1 = Rhoby, A. Byzantinische Epigramme auf Fresken und Mosaiken. Vienna, 2009. 2 = Rhoby, A. Byzantinische Epigramme auf Ikonen und Objekten der Kleinkunst. Nebst Addenda zu Band 1. Vienna, 2010. 3 = Rhoby, A. Byzantinische Epigramme auf Stein. Nebst Addenda zu den Bänden 1 und 2. Vienna, 2015. 4 = Rhoby, A. Ausgewählte byzantinische Epigramme in illuminierten Handschriften: Verse und ihre "inschriftliche" Verwendung in Codices des 9. bis 15. Jahrhunderts. Nach Vorarbeiten von Rudolf Stefec. Vienna, 2018. BF Byzantinische Forschungen BMGS Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies BollClass Bollettino dei Classici BollGrott Bollettino della Badia Greca di Grottaferrata BPEC Bollettino del Comitato per la preparazione dell’edizione nazionale dei classici greci e latini BSGRT Bibliotheca scriptorum Graecorum et Romanorum Teubneriana BZ Byzantinische Zeitschrift CCSG Corpus Christianorum, Series Graeca C&M Classica et Mediaevalia CFHB Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae CPG Von Leutsch, E. L. and Schneidewin, F. G. Corpus Paroemiographorum Graecorum, 1-2. Göttingen, 1839-1851. CSHB Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae DBBE Database of Byzantine Book Epigrams (https://dbbe.ugent.be) DOP Dumbarton Oaks Papers Hdt. Herodotus’ Histories, ed. Rosén (1987-1997). vii JÖB Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik JÖBG Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinischen Gesellschaft Lampe Lampe, G. W. H. A Patristic Greek Lexicon. Oxford, 1961. LBG Trapp, E. et al. Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts. Vienna, 1994-2017. LSJ Liddell, H. G., Scott R. et al., A Greek-English Lexicon with a Revised Supplement. Oxford, 1996. MEG Medioevo greco NE Νέος Ἑλληνομνήμων NC Niketas Choniates’ History, ed. van Dieten (1975). ODB Kazhdan, A. P. et al., The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. New York and Oxford, 1991. PG Migne, J.-P. Patrologiae cursus completus. Series graeca. Paris, 1857-1866. PLP Trapp, E. et al. Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit. Vienna, 1976- 1996. RGK E. Gamillscheg et al., Repertorium der griechischen Kopisten 800-1600, 1-3. Vienna, 1981, 1989, 1997. RSBN Rivista di Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici TIB Tabula Imperii Byzantini TLG Thesaurus Linguae Graecae (http://stephanus.tlg.uci.edu) WBS Wiener Byzantinistische Studien WSt Wiener Studien viii List of Tables Table 1 Synopsis of the chronology of the manuscripts and their contexts of circulation (Part 1) .............................................................................................. 60 Table 2 Appendix metrica (Part 2) ................................................................................... 159 ix List of Figures Figure 1 Laur. Plut. 70.3, f. 8r. ........................................................................................... 26 Figure 2 Laur. Plut. 70.6, f. 96v .......................................................................................... 46 Figure 3 Vindob. Hist. gr. 53, f. 324v ................................................................................ 97 Figure 4 Vindob. Hist. gr. 53, f. 2v .................................................................................. 101 Figure 5 Vindob. Hist. gr. 53, f. 18v ................................................................................ 101 Figure 6 Vindob. Hist. gr. 53, f. 176v .............................................................................. 101 xi Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... v List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ...............................................................................................................................................
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