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Google Chrome

Google Chrome is a developed by Google that uses the WebKitlayout engine. It was first released as a beta version for Windows on September 2, 2008, and the public stable release was on December 11, 2008. The name is derived from the graphical , or "chrome", of web browsers. As of August 2011, Chrome is the third most widely used browser with 23.16% worldwide usage share of web browsers, according to StatCounter.

In September 2008, Google released a large portion of Chrome's , including its V8 JavaScript engine, as an project entitledChromium.[3][4] This move enabled third-party developers to study the underlying source code and to help port the browser to the Mac OS X and operating systems. Google also expressed hope that other browsers would adopt V8 to improve performance.[5] The Google-authored portion of is released under the permissive BSD license,[6] which allows portions to be incorporated into both open source and closed source programs.[7] Other portions of the source code are subject to a variety of open source licenses.[8]Chromium implements a similar feature as Chrome, but lacks built-in automatic updates, built-in PDF reader and Google branding, and most noticeably has a blue-colored logo in place of the multicolored Google logo.[9][10]

developers Google inc.

Initial release September 2, 2008; 3 years ago

Stable release 14.0.835.163 (September 16, 2011; 3 days ago) [+/í]

Preview release 15.0.874.15 (Dev) (September 15, 2011; 4 days ago)

[+/í]

Written in tag">C++, Assembly, Python, JavaScript

Operating system Linux

Mac OS X (10.5 and later, only)

Microsoft Windows (XP SP2 and later)

Engine WebKit (based on KHTML)

Available in 50 languages Development status Active

Type Web browser

License Google Chrome Terms of Service;[note 1]

WebKit: BSD/LGPL;

V8: BSD

Website google.com/chrome

History

For six years, Google's Chief Executive Schmidt was against the idea of building an independent web browser. He stated that "At the time, Google was a small company", and he did not want to go through "bruising ". However, after co-founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page hired several developers and built a demonstration of Chrome, Mr. Schmidt admitted that "It was so good that it essentially forced me to change my mind".[11]

Features

Google Chrome aims to be secure, fast, simple[68] and stable. There are extensive differences from its peers in Chrome's minimalistic user interface,[15] which is atypical of modern web browsers.[69] For example, Chrome does not render RSS feeds.[70] Chrome's strength is its application performance and JavaScript processing speed, both of which were independently verified by multiple to be the swiftest among the major browsers of its time.[] Many of Chrome's unique features had been previously announced by other browser developers, but Google was the first to implement and publicly release them.[73] For example, its most prominent (GUI) innovation, the merging of the and search bar (the Omnibox), was first announced by Mozilla in May 2008 as a planned feature for Firefox.[74] Such a feature was already implemented in in 2004.[citation needed]

Speed

The JavaScript virtual machine used by Chrome, the V8 JavaScript engine, has features such as dynamic code generation, hidden class transitions, and precise garbage collection.[15] Tests by Google in September 2008 showed that V8 was about twice as fast as Firefox 3.0and the WebKit nightlies.[citation needed] Several websites performed tests using the SunSpider JavaScript Benchmark tool as well as Google's own set of computationally intense benchmarks, which include ray tracing and constraint solving.[93] They unanimously reported that Chrome performed much faster than all competitors against which it had been tested, including (for Windows), Firefox 3.0, Explorer 7, , and 8.[94][95][96][97][98][99] However in more recent independent tests of JavaScript performance, Chrome has been scoring just behindOpera's engine since it was updated in version 10.5.[100]

On September 3, 2008, Mozilla responded by stating that their own TraceMonkey JavaScript engine (then in beta), was faster than Chrome's V8 engine in some tests.[101][102][103] , Mozilla's JavaScript evangelist, further commented on the performance of different browsers on Google's own suite, commenting on Chrome's "decimating" (sic) of the other browsers, but he questioned whether Google's suite was representative of real programs. He stated that Firefox 3.0 performed poorly on recursion intensive benchmarks, such as those of Google, because the Mozilla team had not implemented recursion-tracing yet.[104]

Two weeks after Chrome's launch, the WebKit team announced a new JavaScript engine, SquirrelFish Extreme,[105] citing a 36% speed improvement over Chrome's V8 engine.[106][107][108]

Chrome uses DNS prefetching to speed up lookups, as do Firefox[109] and Safari.[110] This feature is available in Internet Explorer as an extension, and in Opera as a UserScript.

Chrome utilizes the faster SPDY protocol designed to augment HTTP[111][112] when communicating with Google services, such as , , Chrome sync and when serving Google's ads. Google acknowledges that the use of SPDY is enabled in the communication between Chrome and Google's SSL-enabled servers.[113]

System requirements

The recommended requirements for optimal performance of Chrome are:[169]

 Windows: XP Service Pack 2+ / Vista / 7, Intel Pentium 4 or later, 100MB Hard Disk, 128MB memory  Mac OS X: 10.5.6 or later, Intel (not PPC), 100MB Hard Disk, 128MB memory  Linux: 8.04 or later / 5 / OpenSuse 11.1 / Fedora Linux 10, Intel Pentium 3 / Athlon 64 or later, 100MB Hard Disk, 128MB memory

Firefox

mozilla Firefox is a free and open source[8] web browser descended from theMozilla Application Suite and managed by . As of August 2011, Firefox is the second most widely used browser, with approximately 30% of worldwide usage share of web browsers.[9][10][11] The browser has had particular success in Germany and Poland, where it is the most popular browser with 55% usage[12] and 47%[13] respectively. to display web pages, Firefox uses the layout engine, which implements most current in addition to several features that are intended to anticipate likely additions to the standards.[14]

Features include tabbed browsing, spell checking, incremental find, live bookmarking, a download manager, , location-aware browsing (also known as "geolocation") based exclusively on a Google service[15] and an integrated search system that uses Google by default in most localizations. Functions can be added through extensions, created by third-party developers,[16] of which there is a wide selection, a feature that has attracted many of Firefox's users.

Firefox runs on various operating systems including , GNU/Linux,Mac OS X, FreeBSD, and many other platforms. Its current stable release is version 6.0.2, released on September 6, 2011.[17] Firefox's source code is tri-licensed under the GNU GPL, GNU LGPL, or .[18]

Original authors Mozilla Corporation

Developer(s)

Initial release November 9, 2004

Stable release 6.0.2 (September 6, 2011; 14 days ago)[+/í]

Preview release 7.0 Beta 6 (September 19, 2011; 1 day ago) [+/í]

Written in C/C++, JavaScript,[1] CSS,[2][3] XUL,XBL

Operating system Cross-platform

Engine Gecko Size 12 MB ± Windows[4]

27 MB ± Mac OS X[4]

13 MB ± GNU/Linux (i686)[4]

15 MB ± GNU/Linux (x86_64)[4]

63 MB ± source code[4]

Available in 83 locales (74 languages)[5]

Development status Active

Type Web browser

FTP

License Since version 3.0.6: MPL, GNU GPLor GNU

LGPL, version 3.0.5 and Earlier executable

code versionMozilla

Firefox EULA 1.0/1.1,version 3.0.5 and Earlier

source code version of certain Firefox

functionality: MPL[6][7]

Website firefox.com

History

Main article: History of Firefox

The Firefox project began as an experimental branch of the Mozilla project by , Joe Hewitt and . They believed the commercial requirements of 's sponsorship and developer-driven compromised the utility of the Mozilla browser.[19] To combat what they saw as the Mozilla Suite's , they created a stand-alone browser, with which they intended to replace the Mozilla Suite. On April 3, 2003, the Mozilla Organization announced that they planned to change their focus from the Mozilla Suite to Firefox and Thunderbird.[20]

Version list Version 2.0 -October 24, 2006 Version 3.0 -June 17, 2008 Version 3.5 -June 30, 2009 Version 3.6 - December 1, 2008 Version 4.0 -March 22, 2011 Version 5.0 -June 21, 2011 Version 6.0 - August 16, 2011 Version 7.0 -testing Version 8.0 ±testing Version 9.0 -testing

Features

Main article:

Principal Firefox features[107] include tabbed browsing, spell checking, incremental find, live bookmarking, a download manager, private browsing, location-aware browsing based on a Google service[15] and an integrated search system that uses Google by default in most localizations. Functions can be added through extensions, created by third-party developers,[16] of which there is a wide selection, a feature that has attracted many of Firefox's users.

Additionally, Firefox provides an environment for web developers in which they can use built-in tools, such as the Error Console or the DOM Inspector, or extensions, such as .

Windows Internet Explorer 9 (abbreviated as IE9) is the current version of theInternet Explorer web browser from Microsoft. It was released to the public on March 14, 2011 at 21:00 PDT.[3] Internet Explorer 9 supports several CSS 3 properties,[4]embedded ICC v2 or v4 color profiles support via , and has improved JavaScript performance. It is the last of the five major web browsers to implement support for Scalable Vector (SVG).[5] It also features hardware-accelerated graphics rendering using , hardware-accelerated text rendering using DirectWrite, hardware-accelerated video rendering using Media Foundation, imaging support provided by Windows Imaging Component, and high fidelity powered by the XML Paper Specification (XPS) print pipeline.[6] Internet Explorer 9 also supports the HTML5 video and audio tags and the Web Open Format.[7]Microsoft has released Internet Explorer 9 as a major out-of- version that is not tied to the release schedule of any particular version of Windows, unlike previous versions.[8] The system requirements for Internet Explorer 9 are , Windows 2008 R2, Service Pack 2 or SP2 with thePlatform Update.[9] Windows XP and earlier are not supported. Internet Explorer 9 is the last version of Internet Explorer to be supported on Windows Vista; will only be supported on Windows 7 and later.[10][11][12][13][14] Both 32-bit and 64- bit builds are available.

slogan Fast is now beautiful

(Welcome to/Unleash/Explore) a more

beautiful web[citation needed]

Developer(s) Microsoft

Initial release March 14, 2011; 6 months ago

Operating system Windows 7

Windows Vista

Windows Server 2008

Windows Server 2008 R2

Windows Phone 7[1]

Engine 5.0

Chakra (JScript)

Available in 93 languages[2]

Type Web browser

Feed aggregator

FTP client

License

Website ie9.com

beautyoftheweb.com History

The Internet Explorer project was started in the summer of 1994[citation needed] by ,[7] using source code from Spyglass, Inc. , an early commercial web browser with formal ties to the pioneering NCSA Mosaic browser.[8][9] In late 1994,Microsoft licensed Spyglass Mosaic for a quarterly fee plus a percentage of Microsoft's non-Windows revenues for the software.[9] Although bearing a name similar to NCSA Mosaic, Spyglass Mosaic had used the NCSA Mosaic source code sparingly.[10] Microsoft has been sued by Synet Inc. in 1996 over the trademark infringement.[11] Features

Internet Explorer has been designed to view a broad range of web pages and provide certain features within the operating system, including Microsoft Update. During the heyday of the browser wars, Internet Explorer superseded Netscape only when it caught up technologically to support the progressive features of the time.[52] Version list

Internet Explorer 1 -August 16, 1995 -November 22, 1995 -August 13, 1996 -September 1997 -March 18, 1999 -August 27, 2001 -October 18, 2006 -March 19, 2009 Internet Explorer 9 -March 14, 2011 Internet Explorer 10 ±not released

Maxthon

Maxthon (formerly known as MyIE2) is a free web browser for Microsoft Windows. The latest release, Maxthon 3, supports both the Trident and the WebKit rendering engines.[2]

Maxthon has developed a growing user base since its initial release in 2003, especially in , so that in 2006, Maxthon 2.0 gained support of several sponsors.[3] In January 2006, Maxthon developers partnered with Microsoft in its booth at the Consumer Electronics Show.[4] Maxthon won its first WebWare 100 Award in 2005.[citation needed] Subsequently, it won the WebWare 100 Award in 2008[5][6] and 2009.[7]

developers Maxthon International Limited

[1] Stable release 3.1.7.1000 (8 September 2011; 11 days ago ) [+/í]

Preview release 3.1.8.600_Beta (1 September 2011; 18 days ago) [+/í]

Operating system Microsoft Windows

Size 25 MB

Type Web browser

License Freeware

Website maxthon.com

History

Maxthon was based on MyIE, originally created by Changyou, a Chinese , who wanted to customize the Internet Explorer web browser. Changyou posted most of the source code for MyIE on his Bulletin board systembefore leaving the project in 2000. Jeff Chen continued development and released a new version called MyIE2. MyIE2 grew quickly, with users around the world contributing in areas including plugins, skins and debugging.

MyIE2 was renamed to Maxthon in 2004. [8] It received funding from the first investor Morten Lund, and WI Harper Group in 2005. In 2006 Maxthon received further investment from the US- based venture capital firm Charles River Ventures.[9]

On April 10, 2007, TechCrunch reported that Google had invested at least US$1 million in Maxthon;[10] this was denied the following day by Chen.[11] However, in an interview with the Chinese portal Sina.com, Chen did not rule out future "co-operation" between the two .[12] Maxthon was one of the twelve browsers Microsoft presented in 2010 at BrowserChoice.eu, a website that allows users of Microsoft Windowsresiding in the European Economic Area to choose which default web browser they would like to use on their .[13] Features

 Tabbed document interface  Saves open tabs in case of program shutdown or system crash  Undo for any tabs accidentally closed  AD Hunter - an ad-blocking utility that blocks pop-ups, Web banner and floating ads in webpages  , applet and ActiveX blocker  Skinnable  Customizable tabs and interface  Programmable mouse gestures and mouse chording  External utility bar - toolbar that allows you to open third-party programs  RSS reader  Supports many Internet Explorer plugins as well as plugins of its own  Partial Gecko engine support with the use of a third-party program  A search toolbar with 8 different search engines (user extensible)  Automatic updating service  Groups - the ability to & open multiple pages simultaneously  URL aliases - open by just typing a word in the address bar  Simple collector - a small notepad-like utility, used to collect any text from web pages. You can write scripts in it and run them in the current  Integrated web services - user extensible, but by default includes translators, Google's cached version of pages, Whois and anonymous web proxies  Enhanced security - Even if a security hole has not yet been corrected in the underlying web rendering engine, Maxthon browser prevent most of the well-known exploits to run. Version list Version 1.x Version 2.x Version 3.x Maxthon Mobile for Android 1.x

SeaMonkey

SeaMonkey is a free and open source[2] cross-platform . It is the continuation of the former Mozilla Application Suite, based on the same source code. Core Mozilla project source code is licensed under a disjunctive tri-license that gives the choice of one of the three following sets of licensing terms: Mozilla Public License, version 1.1 or later, GNU General Public License, version 2.0 or later, GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1 or later.[3]

The development of SeaMonkey is community-driven, in contrast to the Mozilla Application Suite, which until its last released version (1.7.13) was governed by the Mozilla Foundation. The new project-leading group is the SeaMonkey Council.

developers SeaMonkey Council

Initial release January 30, 2006

[1] Stable release 2.3.3 (September 6, 2011; 13 days ago) [+/í]

Preview release none (n/a) [+/í]

Written in C++, XUL, XBL, JavaScript

Operating system Cross-platform

Platform Gecko

Available in 20 languages

Type Internet suite

License Mozilla tri-license

Website SeaMonkey Project

History

On March 10, 2005, the Mozilla Foundation announced that it would not release any official versions of Mozilla Application Suite beyond 1.7.x, since it had now focused on the standalone applications Firefox and Thunderbird. However, the Foundation emphasized that it would still provide infrastructure for community members who wished to continue development. In effect, this meant that the suite would still continue to be developed, but now by the SeaMonkey Council instead of the Mozilla Foundation.

The SeaMonkey Council, which is the team responsible for project and release management, currently consists of Philip Chee, Karsten Düsterloh, Robert Kaiser, Ian Neal, Neil Rashbrook, Andrew Schultz and Justin Wood.

The first version of SeaMonkey, 1.0 Alpha, was released on September 15, 2005,[9] followed by SeaMonkey 1.0 stable released on January 30, 2006. The release of SeaMonkey 2.3.3 on September 6, 2011, scored 97/100 on the test. Portability

The SeaMonkey project releases official builds for three operating systems: Microsoft Windows,Linux, and Mac OS X. It also releases "unofficial" 64-bit builds for Linux. Unofficial ports exist forFreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, IRIX, OS/2, Solaris, AIX and BeOS/magnussoft ZETA.

Just as there is a Mozilla Firefox, Portable Edition and a , Portable Edition, there is also a SeaMonkey, Portable Edition.

Opera (web browser)

Opera is a web browser and Internet suite developed by Opera Software with over 200 million users worldwide.[4] The browser handles common Internet-related tasks such as displaying web sites, sending and receiving e- , managing , chatting on IRC, downloading files via BitTorrent, and reading web feeds. Opera is offered free of charge for personal and mobile phones.

Opera does not come packaged with any desktop operating system. However, it is the most popular desktop browser in some countries, such as .[5] , which is the most popular[6] browser as of May 2011, has been chosen as the default integrated web browser in several mobile handsets [7] [8] [9] by their respective manufacturers. Features include tabbed browsing, page zooming, mouse gestures, and an integrated download manager. Its security features include built-in andmalware protection, SSL/TLS when browsing HTTPS websites, and the ability to easily[citation needed] delete private data such as HTTP cookies.

Opera is known for originating many features later adopted by other web browsers.[10][11]

Opera runs on a variety of personal computer operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and FreeBSD. Editions of Opera are available for devices using the , BlackBerry, , , Android, andiOS operating systems, as well as Java ME-enabled devices.[12][13][14]Approximately 120 million mobile phones have been shipped with Opera.[15] Opera is the only commercial web browser available for the DS and gaming systems. Some set-top boxes use Opera. Adobe Systems has licensed Opera for use in the Adobe Creative Suite.[16][17]

developers Opera Software ASA

Initial release December 9, 1996[1]

Stable release 11.51 (Build 1087) (August 30, 2011; 21 days

ago) [+/í]

Preview release 12.00 (Build 1065) (September 13, 2011; 7 days

ago) [+/í]

Written in C++[2]

Operating system FreeBSD

Linux

Mac OS X

Microsoft Windows

Solaris until v. 10.11

Engine Presto

Available in 51 languages[3] Development status Active

Type Web browser and Internet suite

License Proprietary (Freeware) with open

source components

Website opera.com

History

Opera began in 1994 as a research project at , the largest Norwegian telecommunications company. In 1995, it branched out into a separate company named Opera Software ASA.[18] Opera was first released publicly with version 2.0 in 1996,[19] which only ran on Microsoft Windows.[20] In an attempt to capitalize on the emerging market for Internet-connected handheld devices, a project to port Opera to mobile device platforms was started in 1998.[20] Opera 4.0, released in 2000,[19] included a new cross- platform core that facilitated creation of editions of Opera for multiple operating systems and platforms.[21]

Up to this point, Opera was trialware and had to be purchased after the trial period ended. Version 5.0 (released in 2000) saw the end of this requirement. Instead, Opera became ad-sponsored, displaying advertisements to users who had not paid for it.[22] Later versions of Opera gave the user the choice of seeing banner ads or targeted text advertisements from Google. With version 8.5 (released in 2005) the advertisements were removed entirely and primary financial support for the browser came through revenue from Google (which is by contract Opera's default ).[23]

Among the new features introduced in version 9.1 (released in 2006) was fraud protection using technology from GeoTrust, a digital certificate provider, and PhishTank, an organization that tracks known phishing web sites.[24] This feature was further improved and expanded in version 9.5, when GeoTrust was replaced with Netcraft, and protection from Haute Secure was added.[25]

Also in 2006, editions of Opera were made and released for Nintendo's DS and Wii gaming systems.[26][27][28][29] Opera for the Wii, called the , was free to download from its release on 12 April 2007[30] until 30 June 2007. After that date, Wii users had to pay 500Wii Points (about US$5[31]) to download it.[32] As of 2 September 2009, it is again free to download. Users who previously paid to download are offered a NES game of their choice of the same .[33][34] The Nintendo DS Browser is not free; it is sold as a physical DS game cartridge. The DSi has an Internet Channel that can be downloaded for free from the DSi shop.[35]

A new JavaScript engine called Carakan, after the Javanese script, was introduced with version 10.50.[36] According to Opera Software, Carakan is more than seven times faster in SunSpider than Opera 10.10 with Futhark on Windows, which has since been more or less confirmed by other sources after its official pre-alpha release in December 2009.[37][38][39] Also introduced was Opera's vector graphics , Vega, which handles all of the browser's rendering. This allows platform specific rendering code to be replaced with code for Vega, which makes it easier to deploy across platforms; aids Opera's implementation of some advanced CSS3 properties, such as backgrounds and borders; and also allows hardware acceleration with optional OpenGL and backends.[40]

The initial release of Opera 10.50 was for Windows only, in order to allow the development team to focus on a timed release with the EU browser ballot offered to European Economic Area users of Microsoft Windows.[41] The Mac version reached final status with version 10.52 and the release of Opera 10.60 brought Windows, Mac, Linux and FreeBSD back into sync for the first time since Opera 10.10.[42]

On December 16, 2010, Opera 11 was released, featuring extensions, stacking, visual mouse gestures, and changes to the address field.[43] The new address field hides some of the whole URL, such as the protocol and query strings, but this can be turned off.[43] Within the first 24 hours of release, Opera 11 was downloaded 6.7 million times.[44] Features

As of version 10.5, Opera features a new JavaScript engine, as well as a new vector graphics library, which together significantly increase Opera's overall rendering speed.[37][45]

Opera includes built-in tabbed browsing, , fraud protection, a download manager and BitTorrent client, a search bar, and a aggregator. Opera also comes with an e- mail client called and an IRC chat client built in.[46]

Opera includes a "Speed Dial" feature, which allows the user to add up to 25 (or more, by editing the speeddial.ini file) shown in thumbnail in a page displayed when a new tab is opened. Thumbnails of the linked pages are automatically generated and used for visual recognition on the Speed Dial page or can be modified using Opera Image Dial Generator. Once set up, this feature allows the user to more easily navigate to the selected web pages.[47]

Opera supports Opera Widgets, small web applications that start from within Opera. Alongside Widgets, "User JavaScript" may be used to add custom JavaScript to web pages. support is limited, and there is no interface to manage scripts or toggle 'Greasemonkey-on' functionality. Opera is extensible in a third way via plug-ins, relatively small programs that add specific functions to the browser,[48] and as of Opera 11, third-party extensions. However, Opera limits what plug-ins can do. Privacy and security

Opera has several security features visible to the end user. One is the option to delete private data, such as HTTP cookies, the browsing history, and the cache, with the click of a button. This lets users erase personal data after browsing from a shared computer.[58]

When visiting a secure web site, Opera encrypts data using either SSL 3 or TLS,[59][60] both of which are highly secure encryption protocols. It then adds information about the site's security to the address bar. It will also check the web site that is being visited against blacklists forphishing and malware, and warn if it matches any of these lists. This behavior is enabled by default, but the user may opt to not make such checks automatically. If this check is disabled, the user can still check sites individually by opening a Page Info dialog.[61]

The user can protect every saved password stored in Opera with a master password. This prevents malware from accessing those passwords unless the master password is known. To catch security flaws and other software bugs before they are exploited or become a serious problem, the Opera Software company maintains a public web form where users can submit bug reports.[62] According to Secunia, a computer security service provider, the average of unpatched vulnerabilities in the last 365 days is 0.01. This stands in contrast toInternet Explorer (38.3), Firefox (5.77), and Safari (1.54).[63]

In January 2007, Asa Dotzler of the competing Mozilla Corporation accused the Opera Software company of downplaying information about security vulnerabilities in Opera that were fixed in December 2006. Dotzler claimed that users were not clearly informed of security vulnerabilities present in the previous version of Opera, and thus they would not realize that they needed to upgrade to the latest version or risk being exploited.[64] Opera responded to these accusations the next day.[65]

Version list

Version 2 -October 10, 1997

Version 3 -December 31, 1997

Version 4 -June 28, 2000

Version 5 -December 6, 2000

Version 6 -November 29, 2001

Version 7 -January 28, 2003 Version 8 - April 19, 2005

Version 9 - June 20, 2006

Version 10 - June 3, 2009

Version 11 - December 16, 2010

Version 12 - 7 June 2011 Safari (web browser)

Safari is a web browser developed by Apple Inc. and included with the Mac OS Xand iOS operating systems. First released as a public beta on January 7, 2003[2] on the company's Mac OS X operating system, it became Apple's default browser beginning with Mac OS X v10.3 "Panther". Safari is also the native browser for iOS. A version of Safari for the Microsoft Windows operating system, first released on June 11, 2007, supports Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7.[3] The latest stable release of the browser is 5.1, which is available as a free download for bothMac OS X and Microsoft Windows. As of 2011, Safari is the fourth most widely used browser in the US, following Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, and Google Chrome.[4]

developers Apple inc.

Initial release January 7, 2003; 8 years ago

Stable release 5.1

/ July 20, 2011; 61 days ago

Preview release none (n/a) [+/í]

Written in C++,[1] Objective-C

Operating system Mac OS X Leopard and Lion

Windows XP, Vista, and 7

iOS

Engine WebKit (Based on KHTML)

Development status Active

Type Web browser

License Proprietary; some components GNU LGPL Website apple.com/safari

History and development

Until 1997, Apple computers were shipped with the and web browsers only. Internet Explorer for Mac was later included as the default web browser for Mac OS 8.1 and onwards,[5] as part of a five year agreement between Apple and Microsoft. During that time, Microsoft released three major versions of Internet Explorer for Mac that were bundled with Mac OS 8 and Mac OS 9, though Apple continued to include Netscape Navigator as an alternative. Microsoft ultimately released a Mac OS X edition of Internet Explorer for Mac, which was included as the default browser in all Mac OS X releases from Mac OS X DP4[6] until Mac OS X v10.2.[7] Features

Safari offers numerous features, including:

 Ability to save webpage clips for viewing on the Apple Dashboard(Mac OS X only)  A resizable web-search box in the toolbar which allows choice among Google, Yahoo! or Bing only  Automatic filling in of web forms ("autofill")  Bookmark integration with Address Book  Bookmark management  Built-in password management via Keychain (Mac OS X only)  History and bookmark search  Expandable text boxes  ICC color profile support  Inline PDF viewing (Mac OS X only)  iPhoto integration (Mac OS X only)  Mail integration (Mac OS X only)  Pop-up ad blocking  Private browsing  Quartz-style font smoothing  Reader mode, for viewing an uncluttered version of Web articles  Spell checking  Subscribing to and reading web feeds  Support for CSS 3 web  Support for CSS animation  Support for HTML5  Support for Security protocol (version unknown)  Tabbed browsing  Text search  Web Inspector, a DOM Inspector-like utility that lets users and developers browse the of a web page[36]

Version list

Safari 1 -January 7, 2003 Safari 2 -April 27, 2005 Safari 3 -January 9, 2007 Safari 4 -June 2, 2008 Safari 5 -June 7, 2010