André Chastel, Sa Correspondance, Ses Méthodes, Michel Hochmann P

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

André Chastel, Sa Correspondance, Ses Méthodes, Michel Hochmann P Page 1 : Léonard de Vinci. La Vierge aux rochers, 1483-1486. Paris, musée du Louvre. Page 128 : Andrea Palladio. I quattro libri dell’architettura…, Libro primo, Venetia, Domenico de’ Franceschi, 1570, p. 65. Paris, Bibliothèque de l’INHA, collections Jacques Doucet [catalogue 67]. Sommaire p. 3 Avant-propos, Antoinette Le Normand-Romain Études p. 5 André Chastel, sa correspondance, ses méthodes, Michel Hochmann p. 15 André Chastel et l’Italie, Eva Renzulli p. 24 André Chastel et l’Allemagne, Isabelle Balsamo p. 29 André Chastel et la Pologne, Julius A. Chroscicki p. 34 André Chastel et l’architecture, Sabine Frommel p. 45 André Chastel et Louis Hautecœur, Antonio Brucculeri p. 56 Les colloques de Tours, Jean Guillaume p. 59 Mythe pour mythe... Dans le sillage du surréalisme, Françoise Levaillant Évocations p. 68 André Chastel historien, Howard Burns p. 73 Chastel, une histoire critique personnelle, Andrea Emiliani p. 78 André Chastel « millimétrique », Carlo Pedretti p. 83 André Chastel et Robert Klein, Henri Zerner p. 84 La correspondance André Chastel - Roberto Longhi, Mina Gregori Sources p. 87 Les archives et la bibliothèque d’André Chastel à l’INHA, Sébastien Chauffour p. 93 Chronologie p. 95 Bibliographie sélective p. 97 Catalogue Avant-propos Plus de vingt ans se sont écoulés depuis la disparition d’André Chastel et cette distance permet de prendre aujourd’hui toute la mesure de son œuvre, – une œuvre qui, à la différence de celles de nombreux historiens de l’art, déborde largement du cadre proprement universitaire. En témoigne ce souci constant, et peu commun, qu’il eut d’assurer une large diffusion à une discipline longtemps demeurée l’apanage des spécialistes et des amateurs, et qui le conduisit à concevoir ce qui allait devenir, après sa mort, l’Institut national d’histoire de l’art. En témoigne aussi le rôle actif qu’il joua dans plusieurs débats publics dont les enjeux ne ressortissaient pas seulement à l’histoire de l’art, mais à la vie dans la cité. De même y a-t-il lieu d’admirer le fait que, tout en menant une brillante carrière de professeur, André Chastel tînt une chronique dans le journal Le Monde durant plus de quarante ans, ce qui ne fut certainement pas sans un retentissement réel, difficile à mesurer, sur deux générations de lecteurs qui n’étaient pas forcément intéressés par les événements artistiques. Si cette exposition s’intercale entre le colloque André Chastel qui s’est tenu à la fin de l’année 2012 à l’INHA et au Collège de France, et la publication des actes de ce colloque, son catalogue poursuit une visée différente : celle d’évoquer non seulement la notoriété internationale acquise par André Chastel, et quelques aspects de son activité – certains parfois inattendus, comme ses rapports avec le surréalisme ; d’autres plus prévisibles, comme l’intérêt croissant qu’il porta à l’architecture –, mais aussi l’homme, dont la figure se dessine bien grâce aux témoignages de personnes qui l’ont connu. En ce sens, cette exposition et son catalogue complètent par avance la future publication universitaire tout en marquant l’aboutissement d’une fructueuse collaboration entre l’École pratique des hautes études et la Bibliothèque de l’INHA, qui a permis le traitement des archives d’André Chastel. Je tiens d’abord à remercier chaleureusement toutes les personnes qui ont consenti, pour cette exposition, des prêts de documents et d’œuvres sans lesquels il aurait été difficile de l’organiser, et en premier lieu bien sûr la famille d’André Chastel. Mes remerciements vont aussi aux trois commissaires, Sabine Frommel, Michel Hochmann et Sébastien Chauffour, et aux équipes de l’INHA impliquées dans ce projet, notamment celle de la Bibliothèque, – laquelle conserve, comme l’on sait, la plus grande partie des archives de celui qui fut l’un des pères de notre établissement. Antoinette Le Normand-Romain Directeur général 3 Études — André Chastel, sa correspondance, ses méthodes Pendant près d’un demi-siècle, André Chastel a été, pourrait-on dire, au centre de l’histoire de l’art en France. Qu’on l’ait admiré ou détesté, c’était par rapport à lui, à son action, à sa pensée, que l’on devait se situer. Mais il occupait une position tout aussi privilégiée en Europe et dans le monde. Peu d’historiens entretinrent un réseau de relations aussi divers et universel. Il connaissait à peu près tous ceux qui comptaient à son époque, dans tous les pays (ce qui allait naturellement de pair avec son rôle au sein du Comité international d’histoire de l’art, dont il devint le secrétaire scientifique en 1961). Comme dans ses ouvrages, il se refusait, dans ce domaine, à tout choix dogmatique et il était en correspondance régulière aussi bien avec Roberto Longhi qu’avec Erwin Panofsky ou Meyer Schapiro. C’est ce qui fait de ses archives, aujourd’hui conservées à la Bibliothèque de l’INHA, un fonds irremplaçable pour la recherche sur l’histoire de l’histoire de l’art (d’autant qu’on peut le croiser avec d’autres, également à l’INHA, comme les archives Francastel, Thuillier ou Grodecki). On y trouve donc des lettres de la plupart des grandes figures de son temps, et elles démontrent la curiosité dont il fit preuve, jusqu’à la fin de sa vie, pour tous les aspects et, en particulier, toutes les nouveautés de sa discipline : il connut presque immédiatement, par exemple, les premiers travaux de Carlo Ginzburg et, malgré certaines réserves, il fut aussi très intéressé par le célèbre livre de Steinberg sur la sexualité du Christ1. En outre, il avait conservé des brouillons, carnets de notes, esquisses, qui nous permettent de mieux comprendre l’ampleur de ses réflexions, en particulier les questions de méthode qu’il n’a cessé de se poser tout au long de sa vie. Ces documents devraient nous faire mieux saisir l’itinéraire intellectuel et la pensée de Chastel, dans toute leur complexité et leurs articulations. On a souvent souligné le refus que Chastel manifesta toute sa vie face à l’esprit de système : comme le rappelait Anne-Marie Lecoq, dans l’hommage qu’elle lui rendit après sa mort, il était en effet « animé par une conviction profonde : la réalité est infiniment plus complexe que ne voudraient le faire croire tous les systèmes théoriques et toutes les vues globales qui cherchent à en rendre compte »2. Mais ce scepticisme ne l’empêcha pas, en même temps, d’interroger les interprétations que ces différents systèmes pouvaient lui proposer, même s’il les considérait toujours de manière critique. C’est donc sur certains aspects des relations complexes qu’il entretint avec les grands débats historiographiques de son temps et leurs protagonistes que je voudrais revenir. L’un des grands apports des archives, c’est en effet de nous permettre de saisir en détail le jeu complexe des rapports de Chastel avec ses contemporains, historiens, historiens de l’art, artistes ou écrivains. Ceux-ci dessinent, tout au long de sa vie, une suite de curiosités et d’amitiés qui se lient intimement à son œuvre. Chastel a d’ailleurs 5 lui-même clairement tracé les principales articulations de sa biographie intellectuelle dans l’introduction à Fables, Formes, Figures et dans l’entretien qu’il accorda à Philippe Morel et Guy Cogeval pour le film que lui consacra Edgardo Cozarinski (André Chastel, un sentiment de bonheur). Il a, en particulier, longuement évoqué les raisons qui l’ont fait s’orienter vers l’histoire de l’art, son intérêt pour le surréalisme, mais aussi sa rencontre avec Henri Focillon, ainsi qu’avec Fritz Saxl et les membres de l’Institut Warburg, par l’intermédiaire de Jean Seznec3. On pourrait penser que ces débuts portaient déjà la marque d’un certain éclectisme méthodologique, puisqu’on a parfois opposé le formalisme de Focillon à l’iconologie de Panofsky et des disciples de Warburg. Mais, comme Chastel le rappelle lui-même dans l’entretien que nous avons cité, les choses étaient en réalité beaucoup moins simples : « Focillon connaissait très bien les gens du Warburg et surtout très bien Panofsky. Le fait est qu’il m’a donné une lettre d’introduction pour Panofsky. Donc, leur complémentarité, qui est aujourd’hui toute claire, était acceptée »4. En effet, ces liens sont bien attestés : Focillon avait invité Panofsky chez lui dès 1925, et il donna lui-même une série de conférences au Warburg en 1937. Après le départ de Focillon pour les États-Unis et sa mort, un groupe de ses élèves continua à se réunir, de manière informelle, chez son gendre Jurgis Baltrusaitis, villa Virginie (rue du XIVe arrondissement). Ce fut là, indiscutablement, l’un des foyers intellectuels où la pensée de Chastel continua à se former et où ses relations avec les héritiers de Warburg se fortifièrent, car, conformément à ce que disait Chastel, Focillon et ses élèves étaient bien, en France, parmi les principaux interlocuteurs des membres de l’institut londonien. Juste après la guerre, ce fut en effet encore chez Baltrusaitis que Fritz Saxl se rendit lors d’un séjour à Paris, en 1946 (mais Chastel, malade, ne put participer à ces réunions)5. Baltrusaitis et Louis Grodecki, lui aussi élève de Focillon et invité régulier villa Virginie, partageaient donc avec Chastel, dont ils étaient très proches, ses intérêts pour les développements de l’iconologie. Lorsque Chastel se rendit aux États-Unis en 1949, comme boursier Focillon, Baltrusaitis lui écrivit régulièrement (en l’appelant « mon cher angelot ») pour le conseiller et lui indiquer les noms de certains élèves de Panofsky qu’il devait rencontrer. Le 19 mars 1949, par exemple, il lui disait de ne pas oublier de faire signe à Millard Meiss et à Harry Bober « qui est un bon ami et a une jolie femme ».
Recommended publications
  • Giorgio Vasari Por Ele Mesmo: a Construção Da Imagem De Si Na Obra De Um Artista E Historiador Entre a Virtude E a Inveja No Renascimento (1511 – 1574)
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA Giorgio Vasari por ele mesmo: a construção da imagem de si na obra de um artista e historiador entre a Virtude e a Inveja no Renascimento (1511 – 1574) Pedro Henrique de Moraes Alvez Dissertação de Mestrado Porto Alegre, Agosto de 2015 PEDRO HENRIQUE DE MORAES ALVEZ Giorgio Vasari por ele mesmo: a construção da imagem de si na obra de um artista e historiador entre a Virtude e a Inveja no Renascimento (1511 – 1574) Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, para a obtenção do título de Mestre em História. Orientador: prof. Dr. Fernando Felizardo Nicolazzi BANCA EXAMINADORA: Prof.ªDr.ª Joana Bosak de Figueiredo (UFRGS) Prof.ªDr.ª Daniela Pinheiro Machado Kern (UFRGS) Prof.ªDr.ª Mara Cristina de Matos Rodrigues (UFRGS) PORTO ALEGRE. Agosto, 2015 “Sim, aí está o nó do problema,” pensava, “nesta contrafação. Cada um quer impor aos outros o mundo que tem dentro de si, como se fosse algo externo, de modo que todos o devam ver daquele modo, sendo apenas aquilo que ele vê.” (Luigi Pirandello. Um, nenhum e cem mil) AGRADECIMENTOS: Agradeço, em primeiro lugar, às participantes da banca, de forma coletiva, por aceitarem participar dessa ocasião e pela contribuição que trarão ao resultado final dessa pesquisa. Agradeço também individualmente a cada uma delas. À Joana Bosak, que já acompanha o desenvolvimento da minha pesquisa há algum tempo, agradeço também pelos livros que me emprestou e presenteou e que foram muito úteis nesse trabalho.
    [Show full text]
  • Denis Diderot's Anglophilia and Its Impact Upon His Salons William Judson Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected]
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2017 Denis Diderot's Anglophilia and its Impact upon his Salons William Judson Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Judson, William, "Denis Diderot's Anglophilia and its Impact upon his Salons" (2017). LSU Master's Theses. 4399. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4399 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DENIS DIDEROT’S ANGLOPHILIA AND ITS IMPACT UPON HIS SALONS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Louisiana State University and the School of Art in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Art History in The School of Art by William E. Judson III B.A., Louisiana State University, 2013 May 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND DEDICATION I wish to thank my committee – Doctors Elena FitzPatrick Sifford, Suzanne Marchand, and Darius Spieth – scholars all. My gratitude also goes out to the scholars cited herein whose commitment to their work has made my own possible. Professor Spieth, my advisor, has worked tirelessly to earn himself an enviable professional legacy, but I hope he is equally proud of another legacy: the knowledge he has imparted upon the thousands of students fortunate enough to have taken his classes at LSU, myself included.
    [Show full text]
  • The Intricacies of Using Pagan Myths for Christian Purposes in the Divine Comedy And
    Waltmann 1 Don’t Take Orpheus without the Lyre: The Intricacies of Using Pagan Myths for Christian Purposes in The Divine Comedy and Paradise Lost A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of the School of Communications In Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts in English By Rebekah Waltmann May 1, 2012 Waltmann 2 Liberty University School of Communication Master of Arts in English _______________________________________________________________________ Thesis Chair Date _______________________________________________________________________ First Reader Date _______________________________________________________________________ Second Reader Date Waltmann 3 Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………4 Chapter One: God and gods: The Tension between the Christian and Pagan………………………11 Chapter Two: Allegory and Myth: The Imposition of Christian Allegorical Interpretations onto Pagan Myths…………………………………………………………………………............32 Chapter Three: Christian Journey, Pagan Guide: Dante’s Use of Classical Mythology in The Divine Comedy………………………………………………………………………………52 Chapter Four: Christian Narration, Pagan Illustrations: Milton’s use of Classical Mythology in Paradise Lost …………………………………………………………………...........................69 Concluding Remarks…………………………………………………………………………87 Works Cited………………………………………………………………………………….91 Waltmann 4 Introduction The classical myths—stories of great heroes, immortal gods, and horrific monsters—have been the sources of many books, movies, plays, and art. Today myriads of books, both academic and
    [Show full text]
  • The Representations of Hercules and Hydra in Shake- Speares Coriolanus
    ORBIT - Online Repository of Birkbeck Institutional Theses Enabling Open Access to Birkbecks Research Degree output The representations of Hercules and Hydra in Shake- speares Coriolanus http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/59/ Version: Full Version Citation: Nishi, Takashi (2014) The representations of Hercules and Hydra in Shake- speares Coriolanus. PhD thesis, Birkbeck, University of London. c 2014 The Author(s) All material available through ORBIT is protected by intellectual property law, including copyright law. Any use made of the contents should comply with the relevant law. Deposit guide Contact: email The Representations of Hercules and Hydra in Shakespeare’s Coriolanus Takashi Nishi Department of English and Humanities Birkbeck College, University of London Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, October 2013 Abstract This thesis relates Coriolanus to traditions of Renaissance and Reformation thinking on Hercules and Hydra, which had acquired new connotations in the age after neglect during the Middle Ages; and this study investigates the play’s engagement with that material and more precisely its active relationships to texts and ideas at present under-represented in its critical reception and especially by Shakespearean critics. Coriolanus highlights the conflict between the patricians including heroic Coriolanus and the plebeians, and Coriolanus describes the plebeians as “the many-headed multitude” like “Hydra” (2.3.16-17; 3.1.96). Coriolanus is compared to Hercules (4.6.104), and battle between Hercules and the many-headed Hydra is suggested in the play. If Hydra symbolises subjects, likewise Hercules stands for rulers. In short, the closer examination of Hercules and Hydra leads us to a deeper understanding of Shakespeare’s presentation of rulers and subjects.
    [Show full text]
  • OLYMPUS PARODIED and the JEWELLED GODS Delivered Wednesday, April 5, 1978
    The Messenger Lectures Cornell University, Ithaca, NY REVIVAL AND METAMORPHOSES OF THE GODS IN NINETEENTH CENTURY ART AND LITERATURE by JEAN SEZNEC The Marshal Foch Professor of French Literature, Emeritus University of Oxford LECTURE V OLYMPUS PARODIED AND THE JEWELLED GODS Delivered Wednesday, April 5, 1978 In the years between 1850 and 1860, there was a controversy, or rather a series of controversies, about mythological subjects in art. The critics of the Salons kept asking the general question: “are heroic or religious themes still acceptable?” “Is a return to these themes really possible, and desirable? Castagnary wondered at the Salon of 1857, is humanity finished with these two sources of inspiration? If there is to be a religious or mythological art of the future, it should present new motifs, full of intimate and penetrating poetry. That Salon of 1857 was in fact considered as the cradle of the so-called humanitarian art “le berceau de l’art humanitaire.” From now on, humanity should be the only symbol, the only religion. No complex symbolism of pagan or Christian art, no more understandable to the Chinese than their dragons and fantastic monsters are for the western man. Pagan and catholic allegories are impenetrable to foreigners, and equally indifferent to the modern spirit of the people which they serve. Courbet, writing in 1866, was even more explicit. He spoke of course as the founder of realism – now realistic art was essentially – in Courbet’s own words – a protest, a reaction against paganism. Greek and Roman art, the Renaissance, Catholicism, the gods and the demi- gods.
    [Show full text]
  • Elizabeth Langsford Sears George H
    Elizabeth Langsford Sears George H. Forsyth Jr. Collegiate Professor of History of Art University of Michigan 110 Tappan Hall Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1357 Phone: 734-764-5400 Fax: 734-647-4121 E-mail Address: [email protected] Education: Ph.D. 1982 Yale University, Department of the History of Art M.A. 1977 Yale University, Department of the History of Art B.A. 1974 Duke University (Summa cum laude with distinction in Art History) 1972-73 Junior Year: Athens, Greece (College Year in Athens) Professional Employment: Teaching: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 2009- present George H. Forsyth, Jr. Collegiate Professor of History of Art 2001-2009 Professor, Department of the History of Art 1995-2001 Associate Professor, Department of the History of Art 1992-95 Assistant Professor, Department of the History of Art 2014- Affiliate, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Michigan Universität Hamburg 1991-92 (WS) Visiting Professor, Kunstgeschichtliches Seminar Princeton University 1982-89 Assistant Professor and Mellon Preceptor, Department of Art and Archaeology 1987-88 Acting Director, Index of Christian Art Yale University 1981 (Fall) Lecturer, Yale University, Department of History of Art 1976, 1977 Teaching Assistant, Department of History of Art Editing: 2000-3. Editor of Gesta (published under the auspices of the International Center of Medieval Art, The Cloisters, Fort Tryon Park, New York). Sears 2 Awards, Fellowships: 2019-2020 Cullman Fellowship, New York Public Library 2019 Prize for Excellence in Teaching Medieval
    [Show full text]
  • UC Classics Library New Acquisitions January 2019 1
    UC Classics Library New Acquisitions January 2019 1. Soñar en la antigüedad : los soñadores y su experiencia / Sergio Pérez Cortés. Barcelona : Anthropos ; México : Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, 2017. Autores, textos y temas. Filosofía ; 100. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B187.D73 P47 2017. 2. Estasi e saggezza : sulla disciplina dell'anima tra Omero e gli stoici / Fabio Grigenti. Padova : CLEUP, aprile 2018. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B187.S6 G75 2018. 3. Un altro Parmenide / Livio Rossetti. Bologna : Diogene Multimedia, 2017. Storia della filosofia antica. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B235.P24 R677 2017 v.2. 4. Pythagoras, the master : Philolaus, presocratic follower / Carol Dunn. Great Barrington, MA : Lindisfarne Books, 2018. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B243 .D87 2018. 5. The origins of liberty : an essay in Platonic ontology / Alexander Zistakis ; [with a foreword by George Boger, Canisus College]. Wilmington, Delaware : Vernon Press, [2018]. Vernon series in philosophy. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B398.O5 Z57 2018. 6. Aristotle on the nature of analogy / by Eric C. Schumacher. Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books, [2018]. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B491.A52 S38 2018. 7. Glück : Konzept und Aktualität der aristotelischen Eudaimonia / Elvira Obermayer. Nordhausen : Verlag Traugott Bautz GmbH, 2017. Libri virides ; 33. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B491.H36 O24 2017. 8. The Studia Philonica annual. Atlanta, Ga. : Scholars Press, c1989- Brown Judaic studies. LOCATION = CLASS Journals. B689.Z7 A16 v.30(2018). 9. Predication and ontology : studies and texts on Avicennian and post-Avicennian readings of Aristotle's Categories / by Alexander Kalbarczyk. Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter, [2018]. Scientia Graeco-Arabica ; v. 22. LOCATION = CLASS Stacks. B751.Z7 K35 2018. 10. De Byzance à Florence : sur les traces de Pléthon / Xavier De Schutter.
    [Show full text]
  • Reframing the Metamorphoses: the Enabling of Political Allegory in Late Medieval Ovidian Narrative D
    Reframing the Metamorphoses: The Enabling of Political Allegory in Late Medieval Ovidian Narrative Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Amanda J. Gerber Graduate Program in English The Ohio State University 2011 Dissertation Committee: Lisa J. Kiser, Advisor Frank Coulson Ethan Knapp Copyright by Amanda J. Gerber 2011 Abstract This study develops a critical method for reading the vernacular frame narratives of Chaucer, Gower, and Lydgate based on the grammar-school commentaries that taught them classical rhetoric, philology, and history. In the course of developing this method, I answer the following questions: why do the school texts and vernacular works exist in the same format? Why is it that Christian writers appropriate the structuring principles of Ovid’s pagan Metamorphoses for their works? Furthermore, what inspired England’s obsession with Ovidian narrative structure during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries? Chaucer, Gower, and Lydgate, to name just a few, participated in this Ovidian vogue— attempting to capture the Roman’s sinister and playful voice and, more specifically, to master the frame-narrative device that gave it critical direction. Seeing Ovid’s collection of pagan myths as a cohesive and continuous poem, medieval commentators uncovered an argument about abuses of power. Vernacular writers adopted this approach to Ovid, interpreting his work as a model for literary navigation in a historically turbulent period. I hereby alter the assumption that medieval writers mined classical literature merely as sources for their compilations of exempla with which to practice moralizing strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Western Reserve University
    CARVING FOR A FUTURE: BACCIO BANDINELLI SECURING MEDICI PATRONAGE THROUGH HIS MUTUALLY FULFILLING AND PROPAGANDISTIC “HERCULES AND CACUS” by MICHAEL DAVID MORFORD Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Adviser: Dr. Edward J. Olszewski Department of Art History CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May 2009 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of ______________________________________________________ candidate for the ________________________________degree *. (signed)_______________________________________________ (chair of the committee) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ (date) _______________________ *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES ………………………………………………………………………i PREFACE……………………………………………………………………………...….v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………....ix ABSTRACT.………………………………………………………………...…………..xii CHAPTER I. THE HISTORY OF THE COMMISSION FOR THE HERCULES AND CACUS…………………………………1 CHAPTER II. COMBATING HISTORY: CRITIQUING THE CRITICAL ANALYSES OF THE PROJECT AND RE-EVALUATING THE SCULPTURE…………………......…21 CHAPTER III. CHANGING THE MOMENT: THE PROGRESSION OF THE DESIGN…………………………………..…...............80 CHAPTER
    [Show full text]
  • Sllc Syllabus Template
    1 SYMBOLS AND SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE IN THE VISUAL ARTS Anthony Colantuono, Professor Fall 2015 Dept. of Art History and Archaeology University of Maryland, College Park Office: Rm. 4229 Art/Sociology Bldg Office Phone: x5-1496 E-mail: <[email protected]> Office Hours: T 12-2PM Lectures: T&Th 9:30-10:45AM Course Description: This course currently has no GenEd applicability. It is a 3-credit, 300-level Art History course. This Course Uses the Standard University Grading: See Undergraduate Catalogue: http://www.umd.edu/catalog/index.cfm/show/content.section/c/27/ss/1584/s/1534 The study of visual signs and symbols has long been a topic of art-historical interest, and over the past century the discipline of Art History has developed a broad array of methods for the study and interpretation of these often enigmatic images. This 3-credit course surveys the use of symbols and symbolic language in world art and material culture from ancient times through the present, also presenting the fundamental primary and secondary literatures pertaining to this topic, and examining the methodological and more broadly philosophical conditions that govern their interpretation. Because the scholarly literature concerning the interpretation of symbols has undergone a massive revolution over the past 25 or 30 years, more recent scholars have found it difficult to connect their modes of inquiry with those of previous generations. Instead of consigning these older, pre-1980s traditions of scholarship to oblivion, this course employs the language and logic of 'sustainability'—more familiar from the fields of engineering and environmental science—as a means of recovering or 'recycling' the often quite valid insights of this increasingly forgotten body of literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Pictorial History of Astronomy and Astrology for a Major
    Reading the Stars of the Renaissance. Fritz Saxl and Astrology Rembrandt Duits In the introduction to the volume of lectures by Fritz Saxl, which Penguin published in 1970, Ernst Gombrich remarks that ‘it would be misleading to see in Saxl’s career principally that of a devoted follower’.1 We can sense behind these words the exceptional dilemma that confronts all students of Saxl’s work – how to assess the contribution to art history of one of the finest scholars of the twentieth century without shifting the focus to that of his so much more famous mentor, Aby Warburg. This dilemma is perhaps most pronounced in the case of Saxl’s studies on the pictorial history of astronomy and astrology, a subject which he might never have delved into seriously had it not been for Warburg’s promptings.2 Yet, while Warburg’s shadow undeniably looms large, Saxl’s successive publications on the topic also reveal how he developed an approach to some of the problems and questions originally set by Warburg that became progressively his own. In the present paper, I hope to show a little of this development through a brief comparative analysis of Saxl’s principal theories on astrological images, with an emphasis on what is perhaps his most mature achievement in the field, his theory of the transmission of constellation iconography. In Warburg’s footsteps: the iconography of the planets Regardless of whether he chose to study the history of astrology out of his own interest or was stimulated to do so by Warburg, studies on the representation of the heavenly bodies and their supposed influence on the sub-lunar world form a major This article was presented as a paper at the Warburg Institute Archive Seminar on 16 June 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • Hobbes's Biblical Beasts: Leviathan and Behemoth Author(S): Patricia Springborg Source: Political Theory, Vol
    Hobbes's Biblical Beasts: Leviathan and Behemoth Author(s): Patricia Springborg Source: Political Theory, Vol. 23, No. 2 (May, 1995), pp. 353-375 Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/191883 . Accessed: 19/02/2014 11:36 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Sage Publications, Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Political Theory. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 46.18.27.5 on Wed, 19 Feb 2014 11:36:00 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions HOBBES'SBIBLICAL BEASTS Leviathan and Behemoth PATRICIASPRINGBORG Universityof Sydney Beyond the actual works of nature a poet may now go; but beyond the conceived possibilityof nature,never. I can allow a Geographerto make in the Sea, a Fish or a Ship, which by the scale of his map would be two or threehundred mile long, andthink it done for ornament,because it is done withoutthe precinctsof his undertaking;but when he paints an Elephantso, I presentlyapprehend it as ignoranceand a plain confession of Terraincognita. Hobbes'sAnswer to Sir WilliamDavenant's DedicatoryPreface to Gondibert,1651, 81.
    [Show full text]