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Tant Breeds of Cattle and Buffaloes in India

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600. ^lieceffaneoue (|>ufi?e«n Qto- 54 HCfi e Jmpetwf CounciC of itgrtcufitttaE (Jleeearc^ FURTHER SURVEY OF SOME IMPOR­ TANT BREEDS OF CATTLE AND BUFFALOES IN INDIA REFERENCE "^•~K^£i F. WABE . ^ •<. -i^^rpr^^ Datst I o^ <^ A 9>^ .««^ - L.iJ^ PUBLISHED BY THE MANAGER or PUBLICATIONS, DELHI PBraTED BY THE MANAGER, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PBKSS, NBW DEI^I 1942. Price Be. 1 annas '4 or 28. lECKED 1997 List of Agents in India and Burma from whom Government of India Pablications are available. dBBOTTABAB—KaSliab Book Store. KARACHI— Aero Stores. AGRA— Bngllsb Bookstall. EngllBh Book Depot, Ta] B.oad. Standard Bookstall. Indian Army Book Depot, Dayalbagh. KARACHI (SADAR)—Manager, Sifld OoTeTuinent Book AHMKDABAD—H. L. College of Commerce Co-opera­ Depot and Record Office. tive Htore, Ltd. LAHORE— AJMEa—Banthlya & Co.. Ltd., Station Road. Buckingham A Co., Book-seller and Stationers, Ram- AKOLA—Bakshi, Mr. M. fl. «a>e. Kausil A Co., Messrs. N. C, 0, Commercial Building, ALLAHABAD— The Mall. Central Book Depot, 44, JonnBtongan]. Malhotra A Co., Messrs. V. P., Post Box No. 94. Kltablstan, 17-A, City Hoad. Minerva Book Shop, Anarkail Street. liara Narafn Lai, 1, Bank Bead. Punjab RBliglous Book Society. Supertntendftnt, Printing and Stationery, U. P. Raiua Krisnna A Sons, Anarkall. Wbeeler & Co., Meaars. A. H. Suptrmt«udeni, Go^i. Printing, Punjab. BOMBAY— University Book Agency, Kaoherl Road. Co-ODeratofs' Book Depot, 9, Bakeliomc Lane, Fort. LUCK.VOW—Upper India Publishing Hoiue, Ltd., Intprnational Hook HoOiie, Ash Lane, Esplanade Boad. 1 Literature Palace, Aminuddauia Park. Kothati Buok Depot. Lakliaul Bimk Depot, Bombay, 4. j LYALLPORE—LyaU Book Depot. Sew Book I'o., Kital) Maiial, 188-90, Hornby Boad. ' M.\DRA9— PoPiiiar H»ok Depot, Grant B.oad. Uigglubothams Supertnwmieat, Govt. Printing <fc Stationery, Queen's Superinteudeuv, Govt. Press, Mount Ruad. lload Varadachary A Co., Messrs. P. TaraporevaU Sons A Co., Messrs. D. B. ThackPr A Co . Lid. MHOW—British Book Depot. Trlpathl & Co . Messrs. N. M., Princess Street, Kalba- MOGA—Army Musketry Stores. devi Roaii. NAGPUR— Whefller & Co . Messrs. A. H. Khot A Sons, Messrs. Q. Q., Sita Burdi, 3rd Hodi CALCUTTA- Lane. Book Company. Superintendent. Govt. Printing, Central PioTinoaa. Chatwrjee & Co., 3, Bacharam Chatterjee Lane. Chukervertty, Chatterjee A Co., Ltd., 13, College NEQAPATAM—Venkataraman, Mr. B. HQ aaro. NEW DELHI— Das Gupta A Co., 54/3, College Street. Bawa Harkiaban Daa Bedl, Ferozeshah Road. Hindu Library, 137-F, Balaram De Street. Bhawnanl A Sous. Lahlri A Co., Ltd., Messrs. S. K. Delhi and U. P. Flying Club, Ltd.t Macniillan & Co.. Ltd- 294, Bow Baiar Street. Jaiua A Bros., Messrs. J. M., Connaught Place. Newman & Co., LW. Messrs. W. Ramesh Book Depot A Stationery Mart, Conuaoght Eoy CliowUburj & Co., Messrs. N. M., 72, Harrison Place. Itoad. Saraswatl Book Depot, 15, Lady Hardiuge Road. Sarcar & Sons, Sfessrs. 5f. C, 15, College .Square. PAT.^A—Superintendent, Government Printing, Blbar, Sarkar & Sous, Lt<i., Messrs. S. C, l/l/l-C, College P. O. Guliarbagh. Square. , _ _ Stanilard Law Bonk Society, 79/1, Harrison Boad. PATNA CITY.— Thafiker. Spiiik ,fc Co. (1933), Ltd. Lakshml Trading Co., Padrl-ki-Haveli. liaghunath Vrutad A Sons. Wheeler & Co., Messrs. A. H. Slnha A Bros. Messrs. R. p., Guirl Bazar. CiWN'PORB — PESHAWAR— AdvanI * Co. P. O., Box No. 100. Urilish Stationery Mart. Indian Army Depot, Juhl. London Boo!{ Co. (India), Arbab Road. COTTACK—V'esa Officer, Orissa Secretariat. Manager, Govt. Printing A Stationery, N.-W. P. F. DEHft\. I)n\— PESHA WAR CANTT.—Faqh- Chand Marwah. POOSA— ja«al IClshorii A Co. Deccan Bookstall, Fergusson College Road. Ideal Book D^pot, Halpur Road. Dastane Bros., Home Service, 456, Rawiwar Petli. DBLUT— luteruatiooal Book Service. Imperial Book Depot and Press, Near Jama Masjid Ram Ivrishoa Bros., opiioslte Bisbram Bagb. (Macbhliwalan). QUETTA—Standard Bookstall. Inioine-tax Law Publishing House, CbandnlCfaowk.• RAJ KOT—Mohaulal Dossabhal Shah. Indian Army Boot Depot, DaryaaauJ. RANGOON— Jaiua A Bros., Messrs. .T. M., Morigate. Burma Book Club Ltd. Oxford Book and Stationcrv, ('o. Curator. Govt. Book Depot, Burma. Shar.ja Mai;dlr. Ltd., Nal .Sarak. RAWALPINDI—Ray A Sons, Messrs. J., 43, K. A Young .Man A Co. (llegd.), Egerton Road. Edwardes Road. DBVGAD BARIA.—Joshi, Mr. V. G., News Agent, SHILLONG—Sui>i!rintcndent, Assam Secretariat Prv*I. via Piplod. SiALKOT CANTT.—Modern Book Depot. Baiar Road. DQM DUM CA.VTT.—Bengal Flying Club.t SIALKOT CITY—Chlfton A Co., Book-seller* ani Musketry Store Suppliers. FflROZEPUR—English Book Depot. TRICHINOrOLY FORT—KrishnaSwami A Co., Ueasn. 8WALI0R—Jain A B.-os., Messrs. M. B., Sarafa Road. 8., Teppakuiam. HYDERABAD (DECCAN).—Hyderabad Book Depot,. TRIVANDBUM— Cliaderghat. I Booklovers' Resort, Taikad. P. R. Bros. Main Road. JAIPUR—Oarg Book Co., Tripoiia Ba«ar. ' VBLLORE—Venkatasubban, Mr. A.. Law BookieUM. *.4LgeDt8 for Income-tax, Law and allied PublloatlODi only. tAgontg for Puhllcatloas on Aviation ionly. €h 3wpmaP Council of J^c^tkuUuxat (S^tBmc^ V FURTHER SURVEY OF SOME IMPOR- TANT BREEDS OF CATTLE AND BUFFALOES IN INDIA BY F. WARE CLE,, F.R.C.V.S., F.N.I., I.V.S. AniiDal Husbandry Coinmissioner with the Government of India et^c^' REF^^ PUBLISHED BY THB MANAGER or PUBUCATIONS, DELHI PBINTED BY THE MANAQEB, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PBBSS, NBW Pn^t 1941 CONTENTS PAGE ^NTBODUCTICWJ I DKSCKIPTION or BREEDS- ALAMBADI CATTLB 3 BACHAruB CATTLE 4 BABGTJH CATTLE 6 DANOI CATTLE 6 HissAB CATTLE 7 KSNiFABiyA CATTLE 8 KHEBIOABH CATTLE 9 LOHANI CATTLE 10 PoirwAB CATTLE 11 SiBI CATTLE 12 KtrUDHI BUrPALO 13 NiLI BTJPTALO . 14 RAVI BtwrALO . 15 SUBTI BUFFALO 16 INTRODUCTION N Miscellaneous Bulletin No. 17 of this Council Col. Sir Arthur Olver, the then Animal Husbandry Expert to the Council published a very valuable contribu­ Ition to our knowledge regarding the best-known breeds of cattle and buffaloes in India, and further photographs of prize-winners at the All-India Cattle Show of these same breeds have been reproduced in this Council's Miscellaneous Bulletins No. 24 and No. 46. As indicated by the title, these Bulletins did not pretend to exhaust the recog­ nized breeds of cattle and buffaloes in India and the present pubHcation is an attempt to bring the series up-to-date. In undertaking this further work one naturally lays oneself open to criticism in connection with what may be called ' border-line ' breeds, i.e. animals in regard to which opinion is divided as to whether they constitute a separate breed or are merely a geographical type or a variety or strain of some recognized breed, and this, of course, wiU always be the case while a new breed is in process of formation. We have examples of this in the Dajjal strain of the Bhagnari, the Karnal variety of the Tharparkar, and some breeders still assert that Kundhi, Nili and Ravi buffaloes are merely geographical types of the Murrah breed. The point, therefore, is not one about which hard and fast rules can be laid down and to some extent the division between a breed and a variety or type must remain a matter of opinion. The j)rinciple which has been followed in this work has been to select for inclusion as breeds those specimens which are found" in large numbers spread over a considerable area, which possess definite characteristics differing from those of other recognized breeds, and are said to have the power of transmitting those characteristics, i.e. of being able to breed true to type, over successive generations. The future wiU show to what extent the present Ust of recognized breeds is correct. In due course it may become necessary to elevate further varieties and include them as distinct breeds, or on the other hand to remove from the list of recog­ nized breeds certain of those now included. It is hoped that this publication will result in more interest being taken in this subject, and it is felt that if it encourages those concerned with any doubtful breeds to develop them up to the standard of a recognized breed, it will have done something towards the expansion on sound lines of cattle breeding in India. In the compilation of this bulletin much useful help has been received from the following provincial officers :— 1. Mr R. W. Ldttlewood (Madras). 2. Mr E. J. Bruen (Bombay). 3. Mr T. H. Naqvi (United Provinces). BREEDS OF CATTLE AND BUFFALOES IN INDIA 4. Mr Sultan Singh (United Provinces). 5. Khan Sahib A. M. Ulvi (Sind). 6. Mr S. M. Sarwar (N. W. F. P.). 7. Capt. U. W. F. Walker (Punjab). 8. Mr P. N. Nanda (Punjab). 9. Mr F. J. Gossip (Bengal). 10. Mr M. I. Malik (Bihar). A special word of praise is also due to Mr K. P. R. Karhta of the Animal Hus­ bandry Bureau of the Council, who has spent much time and thought on the collection and collation of the material. I Alambadi bull (from the south of the tract) I Alambadi bull (from the north of the tract) PLATE i ] I Alambadi cow Alambadi bullocks [ PLATE 2 BREEDS 01'" CATTLE AND BUFFALOES IN INDIA 3 DESCRIPTION OF BREEDS ALAMBADI CATTLE HESE cattle are bred in the hilly tracts of north Salem and north Coimbatore districts of the Madras Province adjoining the Mysore State and are reared Tmostly on forest grazing. It is doubtful whether these animals should be considered as representing a pure breed or an offshoot of the Hallikar breed of Mysore. The male stock are generally sold as yearlings at big fairs to ryots who rear and sell them as work cattle. They are very active and hardy animals and can live on scanty rations. They are in good demand for cart and mhote work and should be regarded as purely a draught breed.
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    Community Conservation of Animal Breeds in Tamil Nadu P. Vivekanandan SEVA, Madurai, Tamil Nadu Indian Pastoralists Raikas in Rajasthan – Camels Rabaris in Gujarat – Gir, Kankrej cattle Van Gujars in Himalayas – Buffalo Gaddis in Shiwalik Hills – Sheep / goat Ladak Pastoralists - Yak Dhangar Gowli in Karnataka – cattle Konar & Others in Tamil Nadu – Malaimadu / Pulikulam Cattle Todas of Nilgiris – Toda Buffalo Maintaining Animals – Dharma (A Sacred Duty Prescribed) for Certain Communities • Raikas Caste was Created by Lord Shiva to look after Camels • Yadhavas, Gujjars Descendants of Lord Krishna to care Cattle • Todas – Day-to-day Rituals are Associated with Buffaloes in the life of Toda tribes in Nilgris • Lingayats – Will give one-day rest in a week for animals and animals not milked or engaged in any work on that day How Pastoralists Benefit Society Local Livestock Breeds are Known for : • Disease Resistance • Survive better in Local Environment • Supply Organic Manure thro Penning • Supply Draught Animals • Play Role in Village Festivals / Rituals – e.g. Jallikattu (bull riding) • Suitable for Low Input Management System Breed Statistics •7600 livestock breeds in the world (FAO-2007) • One third are endangered. • One breed is being lost in every month •144 registered breeds in India (NBAGR-2013) They include 37 cattle, 13 buffalo, 23 goat, 39 sheep, 6 horses & ponies, 8 camel, 2 pig, 1 donkey,15 chicken, besides yak, mithun, duck, quail etc. These defined breeds constitute only about 20 to 25% of our farm animal population whereas the remaining farm animal population is yet to be described Umbalacherry Cattle Breed • Umbalachery Cattle Breed spread over in Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur & Thanjavur Districts of Tamil Nadu State.
  • The Science of A2 Beta Casein

    The Science of A2 Beta Casein

    Indian Journal of Open Science Publications Nutrition Volume 7, Issue 1 - 2020 © Sridharan P, et al. 2020 www.opensciencepublications.com The Science of A2 Beta Casein - A Critical Review of Global Data and Outcomes of Indian Study Review Article Pranesh Sridharan1* and Chidananda BL2 1Mathruka Cattle Farm & Research Center, India 2Department of Animal Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore, India *Corresponding author: Pranesh Sridharan, Mathruka Cattle Farm & Research Center, Bengaluru, India; E-mail: dr.pranesh@ gmail.com Article Information: Submission: 07/01/2020; Accepted: 15/02/2020; Published: 18/02/2020 Copyright: © 2020 Sridharan P, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Milk provides wholesome nutrition, rich in proteins, vitamins and calcium. Recent research has shown milk to be a risk factor for diseases as well. The new insights on A1 and A2 Beta-Casein proteins in milk has triggered significant interest globally in A2 milk, which is considered safe. This is a first comprehensive Indian study on A2 and A1 milk, encompassing review of published literature, genetic study of cattle in India and impact of A1 and A2 milk on health of individuals. Review of over 60 published in-vivo, in-vitro and epidemiological studies indicate that A1 Beta-casein triggers the opioid peptide cascade, leading to endogenous production of the opioid peptide BCM-7, that aggravates the risk factors of Type 1 Diabetes, IDDM, CHD, Autism, neurological disorders and hormonal imbalances.The risks associated with A1 protein have not been associated with A2 beta-casein.