Carychium Minimum

istributio Mollusca, Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, D O.F. Müller, 1774: Filling gaps. New raphic g

eo population record for the State of New York, G

n * o

Northeastern United States.

otes Alexander M. Weigand and Adrienne Jochum N

*Goethe-University, Corresponding author. Institute E-mail: for Ecology, [email protected] Evolution and Diversity, Phylogeny and Systematics. Siesmayerstraße 70, 60323. Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Abstract: The current note reports two new populations of the introduced snail Carychium minimum O.F. Müller, 1774 at

Ithaca, New York, USA. It confirms the naturalization of this species in Northeastern North America, which was previously known on drift material only.

The Carychiidae (Pulmonata, Ellobioidea) constitute one of only a few gastropod lineages that independently only in the proximity of greenhouses and nurseries but migrated onto land (Vermeij and Dudley 2000; Klussmann- alsoliving in in its the natural Northeastern habitat. United These individualsStates and wereCanada found not Kolb et al. United States and Canada, the taxon Carychium O.F. Müller, 1774 comprises 2008). atFor least the regionthree native defining and the one Northeastern introduced between layers of moist leaf litter and sticks at a seep by the species (Figure 1) (Pilsbry 1948; Burch and Van Devender lake while the latter population inhabited the riparian zone populationsof a creek. Both at juveniles these two and locations. adult specimens Hence, C.were minimum found. et al. 2009). The latter single species, the Herald Thorn Thesemay very finds well verify be thatmore this widespread species has and well-established naturalized in Carychium1980; Hubricht minimum 1985; O.F. Nekola Müller, and Barthel1774, was 2002; originally Grimm endemic to Europe. It demonstrates an amphibious ecology, inhabiting permanent moist environments such Northeastern North America than previously thought. as riparian zones, meadows and swamps (Watson and Verdcourt 1953; Morton 1955; Egorov 2007). Beyond its natural occurrence in distribution records, C. minimum is a familiar greenhouse species in Europe (Leiss and Reischütz et al. 2004) where it can be found amidst the

1996; Horsák roots of plants or on the bottom of flowerpots. Although documentedquestionable a(Roth population 1982), thefrom first Quincy, record Massachusetts of its occurrence in closein North vicinity America to a greenhouse. was described For bythe Clapp most (1912)part, only who a

Forsyth 2004) exist, which are predominantly based onfew empty and scattered shells in reports drift material, in North e.g. America (Roth 1982; Ontario, Canada (Forsyth et al. 2008). We collected live C. minimum specimens at the Grant from River, two Figure 1. Carychium O.F. Carychium exiguum Native (A-C) and introduced (D) speciesCarychium of exile I. Lea, localities in Ithaca, New York during early July 2009, Müller, 1774 in Northeastern United States Carychium and Canada. nannodes A: which are e-vouchered and stored at the Goethe University Say, 1882; USA, New York, Grimes Glen.Carychium B: minimum O.F. 1842; USA, New York, Watkins Glen. C: G.H. Clapp, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. These two populations were 1905; USA, Tennessee, Overton County. D: sampled at Beebe Lake on the Cornell Campus (42°26’58”N, Müller, 1774; USA, New York, Ithaca, Tompkins County. Acknowledgments: 76°28’33”W) and near the Buttermilk Falls State Park off help, patience and perseverance in sorting through piles of leaf litter etroute al. (2009) 96B (42°24’03”N, that this introduced 76°30’17”W), species Tompkins should be County. found for these minute snails.We Specialare indebted gratitude to Frank goes Hardie to Cory for his Holliday tremendous of the Their presence confirms the assumption made by Grimm Check List | Volume 6 | Issue 4 | 2010 517 Weigand and Jochum | Mollusca, Gastropoda, Ellobioidea, Carychium minimum O.F. Müller, 1774

Cave and Karst Incentive Program, Nature Conservancy of Tennessee, Leiss,Wissenschaftliche A. and P.L. Reischütz. Mitteilungen 1996. aus Ein dem Beitrag Niederösterreichischen zur Kenntnis der Nashville, TN for his speleological prowess and sampling help. For LandesmuseumMolluskenfauna 9: der 173-184. Gewächshäuser in Wien und Niederösterreich. financial support, we wish to thank the Vereinigung von Freunden und amFörderern Main. der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main the origin of the Pulmonata. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of e.V. and the Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (BiK-F), Frankfurt Morton,London J.E. 125:1955. 127-168. The Evolution of the Ellobiidae with a discussion of Carychium exile Literature Cited and Carychium exiguum Nekola,Journal J. and of M. Conchology Barthel. 2002. 37(5): Morphometric 515-531. analysis of Land Mollusca in the of Great North Lakes America region (north of Northof Mexico America.). The Burch J.B. and A.S. Van Devender.Walkerana 1980. 1: Identification33-80. of eastern North Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monographs 3 (2-2): Clapp,American W.F. 1912. land Carychium snails: minimum The Prosobranchia, Mull. The Nautilus Opisthobranchia 26: 24. and Pilsbry,521-1113. H.A. 1948. Egorov,Pulmonata R. 2007. (Actophila). Treasure of Russian Shells: Ellobioidei (Cassidulidae, Leucophytiidae, Carychiidae). Moscow: Colus v.8, 33 p. California: Carychium minimum Müller and the Arion hortensis Land Snails of British Columbia. Royal BC Museum Roth,complex. B. 1982. The European Veliger 24: land 342-344. mollusks in the San Francisco Bay area,

Forsyth, R.G. 2004. transitions between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems? Biological Ellobiidae,Handbook. Victoria:Carychium Royal minimum British Columbia, and Ferussaciidae, Museum. 188 p.Cecilioides Vermeij,Journal G.J. of and the Linnean R. Dudley. Society 2000. 70: Why 541-554. are there so few evolutionary Forsyth,acicula R.G., M.J. Oldham and F.W. Schueler. 2008. Mollusca, Gastropoda, . The two British species of Carychium. introduced land snails in Ontario, Canada. Check List 4(4): 449-452. Journal of Conchology 23: 306-324. : Distribution extension and first provincial recordsIdentifying of two Watson, H. and B.J. Verdcourt. 1953 Land Snails and Slugs in Canada: Introduced Species and Native Grimm,Genera. F.W., R.G. Forsyth, F.W. Schueler and A. Karstad. 2009.

of the Ottawa: Czech Republic: Canadian currentFood Inspection stage of Agency. research. 168 p.Malakológiai HorsákTájékoztató M., L. Dvořák 22: 141-147. and L. Juřičková. 2004. Greenhouse gastropods Hubricht, L. 1985. The distributions of the native land mollusks of the Eastern United States. Fieldiana Zoology : September 2010 New Series 24. Field Received:: JulyOctober 2010 2010 FromMuseum sea of to Natural land and History beyond Publication - new insights 1359. 191 into p. the evolution of Revised : October 2010 Klussmann-Kolb, A., A. Dinapoli, K. Kuhn, BMCB. Streit Evolutionary and C. Albrecht. Biology 2008.8: 57. Accepted : Inga Ludmila Veitenheimer Mendes Published online euthyneuran Gastropoda (Mollusca). Editorial responsibility

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