DOCSLIB.ORG

Instructions for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Instructions for Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy CENTER FOR UNDERWATER AND HYPERBARIC MEDICINE Patient info Instructions for hyperbaric oxygen therapy Treatment with oxygen therapy inside the Our Centre is equipped with a hyperbaric hyperbaric chamber is one of the safest chamber that has an ability to provide therapy for therapeutic procedures with very rare and mild 8 seated or 2 lying patients. It is equipped with undesirable effects which can be avoided if you modern medical equipment, safety measures, follow prescribed instructions. In order to get communication systems and video surveillance. better prepared for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in Each HBOT treatment is supervised by medical our Center we kindly ask you to read the following staff inside the chamber and also outside. instructions carefully. POSITIVE EFFECTS OF HBOT 1. Increased pressure combined with breathing 5. Alleviates oxygen deficiency (hypoxia) 100% oxygen increases oxygen 6. Improves blood quality (increases filtration) concentration 10 to 20 times the normal 7. Improves the immune defense of the concentration in the human body organism 2. It increases the concentration of oxygen in 8. Works against microorganisms (bacteria, tissues despite the damage to the circulation fungi...) 3. Stimulates growth of new blood vessels and 9. It has an anti-inflammatory effect rebuilds existing ones 10. Wound healing 4. In healthy individuals and athletes HBOT helps regenerate and recover muscles and 11. Reduces tissue edema has a positive effect on many organ systems 12. Raises the general psychophysical condition. HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY (HBOT) SAFETY MEASURES AND RULES OF BEHAVIOR PERSONAL HYGIENE cleanliness of your fingernails and toenails. Nail Before each treatment complete personal polish has to be removed and any leftovers of hygiene with pH neutral soap and shampoo is acetone well washed with plain water. We advise required. Pay special attention to skin of your you to go to the toilet before beginning your face, neck, arms and legs. treatment. Before every treatment complete hygiene of teeth and mouth is required. Pay attention to DRESS AND FOOTWEAR 100% pure cotton and free of residues of Before the start of the treatment, staff will cosmetics. It’s strictly forbidden to wear a metal give you the cotton clothing provided by our braided bra, belts, synthetic and woolen suits. It’s Centre which will be exclusively yours during the necessary to bring home slippers without metal treatment period. Underwear and socks must be parts and without oil and lacquer based coating. COSMETICS AND JEWELRY hair spray, nail polish, oil and lotion creams, Use of any kind of makeup and cosmetic vaseline, gel, glycerin, gel for body and hair, and products is strictly forbidden (face powder, wearing jewelry). mascara, eyeliner, lipstick, deodorant, perfume, MEDICAL AIDS documentation (manufacturer certificate) which Medical devices (pacemakers etc.) or states that the device can function normally under implants for which the patient supplies increased atmospheric pressure are allowed. FOOD AND DRINK It’s strictly forbidden to take food and drinks It’s strictly forbidden to drink alcoholic and into the chamber. carbonated drinks the day before and on the day of the treatment. Take your chronic medication Before the treatment eat lightly, preferably according to the normal schedule unless the foods that do not bloat. Avoid heavy, spicy and doctor in the Center has determined otherwise.. greasy food, and also drink enough fluids. 2 HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY (HBOT) IT IS STRICTLY TO FORBIDDEN TO CARRY THE FOLLOWING ITEMS INSIDE THE HYPERBARIC CHAMBER: Cigarettes, matches, lighters and other flammable things Pillows, blankets Heating devices (handheld heaters...) Objects with hollow spaces (thermos bottle, electric bulbs...) Metal objects (wristwatches...) Electrical and electronic devices (cell phones, radio, console games, kids toys...) Various solutions (alcohol, glue, perfume and detergents...) Sharp objects (knives, needles...) Various pumps and sprays. THE TREATMENT BEFORE THE TREATMENT Please do not bring items of value or money with you. The staff of the Center is not responsible for your personal belongings (money, jewelry and other valuables). final check of your condition. After everything is Check in for treatment 30 minutes before the checked and secured the door of the hyperbaric beginning of your therapy (appointments are at chamber will be closed and communication link 09.00, 11.00 or 13.00) with the chamber operator will be checked .After After the check in the staff will show you to checking the patients, communication and the changing room, give you a locker and special security systems the chamber will begin with cotton clothes for use in hyperbaric chamber. increasing the atmospheric pressure. Then they will measure your vital signs and take you to the hyperbaric chamber. There you will sit on your place and the medical staff will perform a DURING THE HBOT TREATMENT or you will feel that your ears are clogged. If you As the pressure starts to increase you will feel any kind of a pain you need to say STOP and soon need to being equalizing the pressure in the the operator will stop the chamber until the middle ear with VALSALVA MANEUVER by symptoms are gone. moving the lower jaw or by drinking water. Otherwise, you will feel lightly picking in your ears 3 HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY (HBOT) VALSALVA MANEUVER: Hold your nose air is constantly passing through the chamber to with the thumb and the forefinger (first and maintain a clean atmosphere, which can be very second finger of the hand)f that no air can pass noisy but it is the normal sound of a chamber through your nose. Take a deep breath through operation. You are obliged to listen carefully and your mouth, and then close it. Slowly begin to follow the instruction of medical staff within and blow throw your nose, while still maintaining it out of the chamber. You are obliged to sit in the closed with your fingers, until the pressure within chair which you have been assigned. During the ears and sinuses equalizes. As the pressure treatment you are not allowed to talk to other increases there will also be a subjective feeling of patients around you; exceptionally with medical warmth present. The sensation of heat will staff inside the chamber in case of need and/or stabilize with constant pressure. When the any problem. The mask is set up and removed by pressure stabilizes so will the sensation of heat. medical staff inside chamber. During the With pressure decreasing the heat sensation will treatment stay calm, do not panic, concentrate on also decrease. It is possible that a chamber will your breathing rhythm which must be of normal be a little bit foggy which is completely normal depth and frequency, and non-forcible. Also, due to moisture condensation. During therapy the holding your breath can result in lung injury. AFTER HBOT TREATMENT in vision which will subside and return back to It is normal that you feel tired. Sometimes normal within 6-8 weeks after the end of the patients state that after the treatment they feel treatment. Until you see how your body responds dizzy, which usually does not last long and does to therapy we advise you to have someone with not interfere with normal daily activities. In rare you to take you to the Center and home for the cases patients can develops temporary changes first couple of treatments. Please let us know if you will be absent from a treatment. For all medical problems or possible side effects please let us know. In case of cold, flu, stomach flu or any kind of acute illness during HBOT please contact the staff of Center personally or by telephone. IF YOU DO NOT FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS YOU WILL ENDANGER YOUR SAFETY AS WELL AS THE SAFETY OF OTHER PATIENTS AND STAFF OF THE CENTER!!! 4 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Course Description
    Instructor: Walter W Lancaster II Off Campus phone: 951-351-1445 x204 Dept phone: NA Cell phone: 951-312-2589 Department of Health and Exercise Science e-mail: [email protected] Spring Quarter, 2016 Alternate e-mail: [email protected] Off Campus Office: La Sierra Academy Office Hours: M-Th 8am – 4pm Consultations by appointment PEAC 106 Scuba Diving Walter Lancaster Location: Health and Exercise Science Classroom 1 (or other assigned instructional locaton) & Pool Tuesdays 6:30pm ~ 9:45pm I. COURSE DESCRIPTION: A. Bulletin Course Description: Course Description Basic SCUBA Diver is an entry-level course for people who have not been previously certified to SCUBA dive, and provides a comprehensive overview of basic concepts that are required to dive safely. Topics include diving equipment, diving physiology, dive planing, environmental considerations, and recognizing and managing risks associated with Open Water diving. Participants who successfully complete the classroom and pool work will qualify for an Open Water certification experience, which must be completed if the student wishes to become a certified diver. Successful completion of the Open Water experience will result in an industry recognized and accepted certification at the level of Basic SCUBA Diver through the National Assocaiton of Underwater Instructors (NAUI). All attendees must be age 16 or older. Students must be able to demonstrate a 10-minute swim/float in water too deep to stand in without the use of swim aids, complete a 200 meter/yard continuous surface swim and demonstrate an underwater (single breath) free dive for a horizontal minimum distance of 25 yards. B. Instructional Materials: Use of the recommended text and Comprehesive Resource Notebook is made available to all students as part of the comprehensive Lab Fee.
    [Show full text]
  • Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Dermatology
    MILITARY DERMATOLOGY IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE ASSOCIATION OF MILITARY DERMATOLOGISTS Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Dermatology Jonathan P. Jeter, MD; Emily B. Wong, MD Overview of HOT PRACTICE POINTS Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves sitting or lying in a • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be considered for special chamber that allows for controlled levels of oxygen the treatment of failing cutaneous grafts and flaps, (O2) at increased atmospheric pressure, which specifically chronic ulcerations caused by vasculitis or autoim- involves breathing near 100% O2 while inside a mono- mune disorders, and vascular compromise, including place or multiplace chamber5 that is pressurized to greater cutaneous ischemia caused by fillers. than sea level pressure (≥1.4 atmosphere absolute).2 • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves 1- to 2-hour treat- A monoplace chamber is designed to treat a single ments, 5 days a week, for as long as 1 month. person (Figure 1);copy a multiplace chamber (Figure 2) accom- 5,6 • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is safe and well-tolerated, modates as many as 5 to 25 patients. The chambers with few contraindications. The sooner therapy is also accommodate hospital beds and medical attendants, started, the greater the potential for benefit. if needed. Hyperbaric O2 is inhaled through a mask, a tight-fitting hood, or an endotracheal tube, depending on notthe patient’s status.7 Treatment ranges from only 1 or Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT) is a potentially useful technique for 2 iterations for acute conditions to 30 sessions or more for certain dermatologic conditions. We review its indications, dermato- chronic conditions. Individual sessions last 45 minutes to logic applications, and potential complications.
    [Show full text]
  • What Chamber Operators Should Know About Ear Barotrauma (And How to Prevent It) Robert Sheffield, CHT and Kevin “Kip” Posey, CHT / June 2018
    LEARN.HYPERBARICMEDICINE.COM International ATMO Education What Chamber Operators Should Know About Ear Barotrauma (and How to Prevent It) Robert Sheffield, CHT and Kevin “Kip” Posey, CHT / June 2018 INTRODUCTION Ear barotrauma (i.e. “ear block”, “ear squeeze”) is the most common complication of hyperbaric treatment. It occurs when the pressure in the hyperbaric chamber is greater than the pressure in the middle ear. It is prevented by patient assessment, patient education, and the appropriate actions of the chamber operator. The chamber operator has an important role in preventing ear barotrauma in hyperbaric patients. OBJECTIVES At the conclusion of this article, the reader will be able to: Describe the anatomy of the middle ear Explain the mechanism of ear barotrauma Describe 3 techniques to equalize middle ear pressure ANATOMY OF THE MIDDLE EAR The middle ear is an air space that separates the external ear canal from the inner ear. The eardrum, called the tympanic membrane (TM), vibrates when sound enters the ear canal. The vibration is transmitted to a series of bones in the middle ear. These bones transmit vibration to another membrane (the oval window) that separates the air‐filled middle ear from the fluid‐filled inner ear, where sound is sensed in the cochlea. The nasopharynx is the area behind the nose and above the palate. The Eustachian tubes open into this area. Because of the location of the Eustachian tube openings, the same things that cause nasal congestion (e.g. allergies, upper respiratory infection) can cause swelling around the opening of the Eustachian tubes, making it more difficult to equalize pressure in the middle ear.
    [Show full text]
  • Status Epilepticus Due to Cerebral Air Embolism After the Valsalva Maneuver CASE REPORT
    eISSN 2508-1349 J Neurocrit Care 2019;12(1):51-54 https://doi.org/10.18700/jnc.190075 Status epilepticus due to cerebral air embolism after the Valsalva maneuver CASE REPORT Hyun Ji Lyou, MD; Hye Jeong Lee, MD; Grace Yoojin Lee, MD; Received: March 11, 2019 Won-Joo Kim, MD, PhD Revised: May 3, 2019 Accepted: May 27, 2019 Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Corresponding Author: Won-Joo Kim, MD Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea Tel: +82-2-2019-3324 Fax: +82-2-3462-5904 E-mail: [email protected] Background: Cerebral air embolism is uncommon but potentially causes catastrophic events such as cardiac damage or even death. However, due to a low overall incidence, it may go undiagnosed. Case Report: A 56-year-old man with a medical history of right upper lobectomy due to lung cancer showed changes in mental status after the Valsalva maneuver, followed by status epilepticus during admission. Brain and chest computed tomography showed cerebral air embolism and accidental pneumothorax in the right major fissure. After antiepileptic drug infusion and oxygen therapy, he recov- ered completely. Conclusion: Since cerebral air embolism may result in fatal outcomes, it should be suspected in patients with sudden neurological de- terioration after routine medical procedures. Keywords: Status epilepticus; Embolism, air; Pneumothorax; Valsalva maneuver INTRODUCTION CASE REPORT Cerebral air embolism is a rare but potentially severe complication A 56-year-old man with a medical history of right upper lobectomy of iatrogenic procedures or destructive lung disease, possibly re- due to lung cancer presented to the emergency room with changes sulting in neurological disorders such as encephalopathy, stroke, or in mental status after the Valsalva maneuver during a pulmonary seizure.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Ear Barotrauma After Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy - the Role of Insuflation Maneuvers
    DOI: 10.5935/0946-5448.20120032 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Tinnitus Journal. 2012;17(2):180-5. Middle ear barotrauma after hyperbaric oxygen therapy - the role of insuflation maneuvers Marco Antônio Rios Lima1 Luciano Farage2 Maria Cristina Lancia Cury3 Fayez Bahmad Jr.4 Abstract Objective: To analyze the association of insuflation maneuvers status before hyperbaric oxygen therapy with middle ear barotrauma. Materials and Methods: Fouty-one patients (82 ears) admitted to the Department of Hyperbaric Medicine from May 2011 to July 2012. Assessments occurred: before and after the first session, after sessions with symptoms. During the evaluations were performed: otoscopy with Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers, video otoscopy and specific questionnaire. Middle ear barotrauma was graduated by the modified Edmond’s scale. Tubal insuflation was classified in Good, Median and Bad according to combined results of Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers. Inclusion criteria: patients evaluated by an otolaryngologist before and after the first session, with no history of ear disease, who agreed to participate in the research (convenience sample). Results: Of the 82 ears included in the study, 32 (39%) had barotrauma after the first session. The rate of middle ear barotrauma according to tubal insuflation was: 17.9% (Good insuflation) 44.4% (Median insuflation) and 55.6% (Bad insuflation)P ( = 0.013). Conclusion: Positive Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers before the first session, alone or associated were protective factors for middle ear barotrauma by ear after the first session. Keywords: barotrauma, hyperbaric oxygenation, middle ear ventilation. 1 Health Science School - University of Brasília - Brasília - DF - Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Health Science School - University of Brasília - Brasília - DF - Brasil.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Valsalva and Toynbee Maneuvers on Tympanometry Parameters in Normal and Retracted Tympanic Membrane
    Global Journal of Otolaryngology ISSN 2474-7556 Research Article Glob J Otolaryngol Volume 14 Issue 4 - April 2018 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Yazeed Ali Alshawi DOI: 10.19080/GJO.2018.14.555896 The Effect of Valsalva and Toynbee Maneuvers on Tympanometry Parameters in Normal and Retracted Tympanic Membrane Yazeed Alshawi1*, Abdulmalik Ismail2, Nora Almegil3 and Zaid almubarak4 1Department of Otology/ Neurotology, king Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Audiology, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia Submission: March 26, 2018; Published: April 17, 2018 *Corresponding author: Yazeed Ali alshawi, Senior registrar at Prince Sultan Medical Military Center, Otology/ Neurotology fellow at king Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Email: Abstract It plays a major role in equalizing the pressure between the external environment and middle ear and in protecting the middle ear from nasopharyngealThe Eustachian secretions. tube, also Dysfunction known as auditoryof Eustachian tube, tubeis a bony may andcause fibro negative cartilagenous pressure tube to buildup that connects in the middlethe middle ear, earleading to the to nasopharynx. retraction of the pathogenesis of otitis media and in its management. Nowadays, numerous Eustachian tube function tests exist, one of the most commonly usedthe tympanic is tympanometry membrane which or collection may be combinedof fluid in withthe middle Valsalva ear. maneuver The diagnosis and Toynbee of Eustachian maneuver. tube Kumazawa dysfunction et isal. important diagnosed in Eustachian understanding tube pathologies by asking his patients to perform Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers and took tympanogram measurements for his patients.
    [Show full text]
  • “EARLY and OFTEN - WHEN?” By: George Safirowski
    “EARLY AND OFTEN - WHEN?” by: George Safirowski One of the basic skills that each scuba student must learn early in an open water basic certification course is equalization of pressure on decent. The process of equalization is necessary every time we go diving, since air spaces in the middle ear are of particular importance because even a minor pressure imbalance can result in an injury. The technique involved in preventing ear squeeze is easy to learn, and instructions are very simple - “equalize early and often”. But what does early and often really mean? While teaching hundreds of scuba divers trained and certified by various organizations gave me an opportunity to observe that the majority of newly and many “experienced” divers have a problem deciding when it is early enough, and how often they should equalize. To prevent ear squeeze, a diver must begin the equalization process prior to any sensation of discomfort or pain. Pain is a symptom of tissue damage and swelling taking place in the air passages, further restricting comfortable equalization. Therefore, using pain as an indicator to begin equalization means it is already too late. Tissue damage within the ear also renders itself to ear infections due to the already injured tissue being exposed to the surrounding environment and having little resistance against the soup of microscopic creatures. Often a dive vacation turns out to be a bust caused by external otitis. While diving, there is absolutely no reason to continue with decent if equalization was not successful at a shallower depth. Often peer pressure and lack of buoyancy control are major contributors in equalization difficulties.
    [Show full text]
  • A Water-Filled Body Plethysmograph for the Measurement of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow During Changes of Intrathoracic Pressure
    A water-filled body plethysmograph for the measurement of pulmonary capillary blood flow during changes of intrathoracic pressure Yoshikazu Kawakami, … , Harold A. Menkes, Arthur B. DuBois J Clin Invest. 1970;49(6):1237-1251. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI106337. Research Article A water-filled body plethysmograph was constructed to measure gas exchange in man. As compared to an air-filled plethysmograph, its advantages were greater sensitivity, less thermal drift, and no change from adiabatic to isothermal conditions after a stepwise change of pressure. When five subjects were completely immersed within it and were breathing to the ambient atmosphere, they had a normal heart rate, oxygen consumption, CO2 output, and functional residual capacity. Pulmonary capillary blood flow ([unk]Qc) during and after Valsalva and Mueller maneuvers was 2 calculated from measurements of N2O uptake. Control measurements of [unk]Qc were 2.58 liters/min per m at rest and 3.63 liters/min per m2 after moderate exercise. During the Valsalva maneuver at rest (intrapulmonary pressure: 24, SD 3.0, mm Hg), [unk]Qc decreased from a control of 2.58, SD 0.43, liters/min per m2 to 1.62, SD 0.26, liters/min per m2 with a decrease in pulmonary capillary stroke volume from a control of 42.4, SD 8.8, ml/stroke per m2 to 25.2, SD 5.5, ml/stroke per m2. After release of the Valsalva, there was an overshoot in [unk]Qc averaging +0.78, SD 0.41, liter/min per m2 accompanied by a significant increase in heart rate. Similar changes occurred during and after the Valsalva following moderate exercise.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle-Ear Barotrauma After Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
    UHM 2010, Vol. 37, No. 4 – MIDDLE-EAR BAROTRAUMA AFTER HBO2 Middle-ear barotrauma after hyperbaric oxygen therapy JACQUES BESSEREAU 1,2, ALEXIS TABAH 2,3, NICOLAS GENOTELLE 2, ADRIEN FRANÇAIS 3, MATHIEU COULANGE 1, DJILLALI ANNANE 2 1 Hyperbaric Medicine Centre, Pôle RUSH, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France; 2 Intensive Care Unit and Hyperbaric Medicine, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Garches, France; 3 INSERM U823; university Grenoble 1 –Albert Bonniot Institute, Grenoble, France CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Alexis Tabah – [email protected] ABSTRACT Background: Middle-ear barotrauma (MEB) is one of the most common side effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2). The incidence of MEB has been shown to vary between treatment centers and patients. This study was aimed to determine which patients are at high risk of MEB. Materials and methods: Prospective study including all the patients treated in a multiplace HBO2 chamber between January and December 2005. Scoring of MEB before and after HBO2 by otoscopy was performed using the Haines and Harris classification. Results: We included 130 patients: 53 Males, 37.5 ± 20.5 years old; 76% were treated for CO poisoning, 11% for iatrogenic gas embolism, 12% for decompression sickness and 4% for necrotizing soft tissue infection. 13% were intubated. MEB occurred in 13.6% of the patients (12.4% of the conscious and 24.4% of the intubated patients, p=0.26). Risk factors for MEB were: repetitive treatments and difficulties with pressure equalization. There was no influence of age, sex or mechanical ventilation on the occurrence of MEB. Conclusions: MEB induced by HBO2 occurred in 13.6% of the patients.
    [Show full text]
  • Impairment of Sympathetic Activation During Static Exercise in Patients with Muscle Phosphorylase Deficiency (Mcardle's Disease)
    Impairment of sympathetic activation during static exercise in patients with muscle phosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease). S L Pryor, … , L A Bertocci, R G Victor J Clin Invest. 1990;85(5):1444-1449. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI114589. Research Article Static exercise in normal humans causes reflex increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) that are closely coupled to the contraction-induced decrease in muscle cell pH, an index of glycogen degradation and glycolytic flux. To determine if sympathetic activation is attenuated when muscle glycogenolysis is blocked due to myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease), an inborn enzymatic defect localized to skeletal muscle, we now have performed microelectrode recordings of MSNA in four patients with McArdle's disease during static handgrip contraction. A level of static handgrip that more than doubled MSNA in normal humans had no effect on MSNA and caused an attenuated rise in blood pressure in the patients with myophosphorylase deficiency. In contrast, two nonexercise sympathetic stimuli, Valsalva's maneuver and cold pressor stimulation, evoked comparably large increases in MSNA in patients and normals. The principal new conclusion is that defective glycogen degradation in human skeletal muscle is associated with a specific reflex impairment in sympathetic activation during static exercise. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/114589/pdf Impairment of Sympathetic Activation during Static Exercise in Patients with Muscle Phosphorylase Deficiency (McArdle's Disease) Susan L. Pryor,* Steven F. Lewis,* Ronald G. Haller,1 Loren A. Bertocci,11 and Ronald G. Victor* Departments of*Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), tPhysiology, §Neurology, and I"Radiology, *the Harry S.
    [Show full text]
  • Diving Physiology Sources
    Diving Physiology Sources • Joiner, J.T. (ed.). 2001. NOAA Diving Manual - Diving for Science and Technology, Fourth Edition. Best Publishing Company, Flagstaff, AZ. Objectives • After completing this training module you will be able to: – Describe the basic systems of the human body – Describe the process, mechanics, and control of respiration – Describe circulation, blood transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide, tissue gas exchange, and tissue use of oxygen Objectives • After completing this training module you will be able to: – List signs & symptoms and prevention / treatment strategies of respiratory problems associated with hypoxia, carbon dioxide toxicity, hyperventilation, shallow water blackout, carbon monoxide poisoning, excessive resistance to breathing, and lipoid pneumonia – Describe direct effects of pressure on descent associated with the ears, sinuses, lungs, and eyes Objectives • After completing this training module you will be able to: – Describe direct effects of pressure during ascent including reverse block, pneumothorax, mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema, and arterial gas embolism – List four ways to help prevent lung overexpansion injuries Objectives • After completing this training module you will be able to: – Explain indirect effects of pressure during descent including inert gas narcosis, high pressure nervous syndrome, CNS oxygen toxicity, and whole-body oxygen toxicity – Differentiate between hypothermia and hyperthermia; listing signs & symptoms and prevention/management strategies Objectives • After
    [Show full text]
  • Diving Physiology 3
    Diving Physiology 3 SECTION PAGE SECTION PAGE 3.0 GENERAL ...................................................3- 1 3.3.3.3 Oxygen Toxicity ........................3-21 3.1 SYSTEMS OF THE BODY ...............................3- 1 3.3.3.3.1 CNS: Central 3.1.1 Musculoskeletal System ............................3- 1 Nervous System .........................3-21 3.1.2 Nervous System ......................................3- 1 3.3.3.3.2 Lung and 3.1.3 Digestive System.....................................3- 2 “Whole Body” ..........................3-21 3.2 RESPIRATION AND CIRCULATION ...............3- 2 3.2.1 Process of Respiration ..............................3- 2 3.3.3.3.3 Variations In 3.2.2 Mechanics of Respiration ..........................3- 3 Tolerance .................................3-22 3.2.3 Control of Respiration..............................3- 4 3.3.3.3.4 Benefits of 3.2.4 Circulation ............................................3- 4 Intermittent Exposure..................3-22 3.2.4.1 Blood Transport of Oxygen 3.3.3.3.5 Concepts of and Carbon Dioxide ......................3- 5 Oxygen Exposure 3.2.4.2 Tissue Gas Exchange.....................3- 6 Management .............................3-22 3.2.4.3 Tissue Use of Oxygen ....................3- 6 3.3.3.3.6 Prevention of 3.2.5 Summary of Respiration CNS Poisoning ..........................3-22 and Circulation Processes .........................3- 8 3.2.6 Respiratory Problems ...............................3- 8 3.3.3.3.7 The “Oxygen Clock” 3.2.6.1 Hypoxia .....................................3-
    [Show full text]