Steps Toward P a Hydrail System
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Innovative Technologies for Light Rail and Tram: a European Reference Resource
Innovative Technologies for Light Rail and Tram: A European reference resource Briefing Paper 6 Hydrail - Hydrogen Hybrid and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Systems September 2015 Sustainable transport for North-West Europe’s periphery Sintropher is a five-year €23m transnational cooperation project with the aim of enhancing local and regional transport provision to, from and withing five peripheral regions in North-West Europe. INTERREG IVB INTERREG IVB North-West Europe is a financial instrument of the European Union’s Cohesion Policy. It funds projects which support transnational cooperation. Innovative technologies for light rail and tram Working in association with the POLIS European transport network, who are kindly hosting these briefing papers on their website. Report produced by University College London Lead Partner of Sintropher project Authors: Charles King, Giacomo Vecia, Imogen Thompson, Bartlett School of Planning, University College London. The paper reflects the views of the authors and should not be taken to be the formal view of UCL or Sintropher project. 4 Innovative technologies for light rail and tram Table of Contents Background .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Innovative technologies for light rail and tram – developing opportunities ................................................... 6 Hydrail Trams .............................................................................................................................................. -
Blending Hydrogen Into Natural Gas Pipeline Networks: a Review of Key Issues
Blending Hydrogen into Natural Gas Pipeline Networks: A Review of Key Issues M. W. Melaina, O. Antonia, and M. Penev NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. Technical Report NREL/TP-5600-51995 March 2013 Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 Blending Hydrogen into Natural Gas Pipeline Networks: A Review of Key Issues M. W. Melaina, O. Antonia, and M. Penev Prepared under Task No. HT12.2010 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Technical Report 15013 Denver West Parkway NREL/TP-5600-51995 Golden, Colorado 80401 March 2013 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. -
The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility
The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility Andreas Hoffrichter, PhD Nick Little Shanelle Foster, PhD Raphael Isaac, PhD Orwell Madovi Darren Tascillo Center for Railway Research and Education Michigan State University Henry Center for Executive Development 3535 Forest Road, Lansing, MI 48910 NCDOT Project 2019-43 FHWA/NC/2019-43 October 2020 -i- FEASIBILITY REPORT The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility October 2020 Prepared by Center for Railway Research and Education Eli Broad College of Business Michigan State University 3535 Forest Road Lansing, MI 48910 USA Prepared for North Carolina Department of Transportation – Rail Division 860 Capital Boulevard Raleigh, NC 27603 -ii- Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA/NC/2019-43 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility October 2020 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Andreas Hoffrichter, PhD, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4463 Nick Little Shanelle N. Foster, PhD, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-5500 Raphael Isaac, PhD Orwell Madovi Darren M. Tascillo 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Center for Railway Research and Education 11. Contract or Grant No. Michigan State University Henry Center for Executive Development 3535 Forest Road Lansing, MI 48910 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report Research and Development Unit 104 Fayetteville Street December 2018 – October 2020 Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 14. Sponsoring Agency Code RP2019-43 Supplementary Notes: 16. -
Hydrogen Delivery Roadmap
Hydrogen Delivery Hydrogen Storage Technologies Technical Team Roadmap RoadmapJuly 2017 This roadmap is a document of the U.S. DRIVE Partnership. U.S. DRIVE (United States Driving Research and Innovation for Vehicle efficiency and Energy sustainability) is a voluntary, non‐binding, and nonlegal partnership among the U.S. Department of Energy; United States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR), representing Chrysler Group LLC, Ford Motor Company, and General Motors; five energy companies — BPAmerica, Chevron Corporation, Phillips 66 Company, ExxonMobil Corporation, and Shell Oil Products US; two utilities — Southern California Edison and DTE Energy; and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The Hydrogen Delivery Technical Team is one of 13 U.S. DRIVE technical teams (“tech teams”) whose mission is to accelerate the development of pre‐competitive and innovative technologies to enable a full range of efficient and clean advanced light‐duty vehicles, as well as related energy infrastructure. For more information about U.S. DRIVE, please see the U.S. DRIVE Partnership Plan, https://energy.gov/eere/vehicles/us-drive-partnership-plan-roadmaps-and-accomplishments or www.uscar.org. Hydrogen Delivery Technical Team Roadmap Table of Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................................. vi Mission ................................................................................................................................................................. -
H2@Railsm Workshop
SANDIA REPORT SAND2019-10191 R Printed August 2019 H2@RailSM Workshop Workshop and report sponsored by the US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Office, and the US Department of Transportation Federal Railroad Administration. Prepared by Mattie Hensley, Jonathan Zimmerman Prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New MexiCo 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC. NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government, nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represent that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. References herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors. Printed in the United States of America. This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. -
Fuel Cell Power Spring 2021
No 67 Spring 2021 www.fuelcellpower.wordpress.com FUEL CELL POWER The transition from combustion to clean electrochemical energy conversion HEADLINE NEWS CONTENTS Hydrogen fuel cell buses in UK cities p.2 The world’s first hydrogen fuel cell Zeroavia’s passenger plane flight p.5 double decker buses have been Intelligent Energy’s fuel cell for UAV p.6 delivered to the City of Aberdeen. Bloom Energy hydrogen strategy p.7 Wrightbus is following this up with Hydrogen from magnesium hydride paste p.11 orders from several UK cities. ITM expanding local production of zero emission hydrogen p.12 The Scottish Government is support- Alstom hydrogen fuel cell trains p.13 ing the move to zero emission Zero carbon energy for emerging transport prior to the meeting of World markets p.16 COP26 in Glasgow later this year. Nel hydrogen infrastructure p.18 Australia’s national hydrogen strategy p.20 The United Nations states that the Ballard international programmes p.22 world is nowhere close to the level FuelCell Energy Government Award p.26 of action needed to stop dangerous Ulemco’s ZERRO ambulance p.27 climate change. 2021 is a make or Adelan fuel cells in UK programme p.28 break year to deal with the global Wilhelmsen zero emission HySHIP p.29 climate emergency. Hydrogen fuel cell yacht p.30 NEWS p.10 EVENTS p.30 HYDROGEN FUEL CELL BUSES IN UK CITIES WORLD’S FIRST in tackling air pollution in the city.” Councillor Douglas Lumsden added: “It is HYDROGEN FUEL CELL fantastic to see the world’s first hydrogen- DOUBLE DECKER BUS IN powered double decker bus arrive in ABERDEEN Aberdeen. -
Hydrogen Trains – an Effective Alternative to Rail Electrification?
HYDROGEN TRAINS – AN EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE TO RAIL ELECTRIFICATION? Tuesday 22 May 2018, Edinburgh Conclusions Hydrogen is increasingly being used as an energy vector in transport. The Workshop examined these applications and looked at the use of hydrogen, fuel cells for trains as an alternative to electrification. The Workshop concentrated predominantly on regional trains and drew attendees from the hydrogen and rail industries in roughly equal numbers. Policymakers from different tiers of government were also represented. Some participants came from mainland EU and Canada but the majority of participants were from the UK. Policy Developments • Alternative solutions to diesel trains are needed so that the rail sector can comply with energy and environmental policies and decarbonise the rail network. • The European Commission will continue to encourage cleaner fuels, both through "carrots" such as funding for research (including the Fuel Cell Hydrogen Joint Undertaking which is 50% funded by EU money) and "sticks" such as legislative requirements for clean fuels infrastructure • The UK Railways Minister has challenged the rail industry to look at the way in which diesel only trains can be removed from operation by 2040 as part of a wide challenge to reduce carbon emissions and improve air quality across the rail sector. • In response to the Minister’s challenge, a Task Force has been set up with Malcolm Brown (Chief Executive, Angel Trains) as Chair. It will report back to the Minister in Autumn 2018. • There is no one size fits all when the UK Government looks at alternatives to diesel. Considerations such as affordability and Value for Money will be important considerations. -
DECARBONISING MARITIME OPERATIONS in NORTH SEA OFFSHORE WIND O&M Innovation Roadmap Produced for the UK Government Dft and FCDO CONTENTS
DECARBONISING MARITIME OPERATIONS IN NORTH SEA OFFSHORE WIND O&M Innovation Roadmap produced for the UK Government DfT and FCDO CONTENTS 1 Executive Summary 4 2 Introduction 10 3 Methodology and Quality Assurance 14 3.1 Market scenarios 15 3.2 Industry engagement 16 4 Vessel and Wind Farm Growth Scenarios 18 4.1 Offshore Wind Deployment Growth Scenarios 19 4.2 O&M Vessel Growth Scenarios 22 5 Current Landscape of Industry 29 5.1 Overview of Industry 30 5.2 Lifecycle of Offshore Wind Farm and Associated Vessels 31 5.3 O&M Vessels 32 5.4 New Technologies on the Horizon 44 5.5 Portside Infrastructure 65 5.6 Offshore Charging Infrastructure 81 5.7 Autonomous and Remote Operated Vessels 85 5.8 AI and Data Driven Solutions and Tools for Optimised O&M Planning and Marine Coordination 88 5.9 Supply Chain Capability and Potential Benefits 90 6 Identification of Risks and Barriers to Adoption for the Decarbonisation of the Sector 95 6.1 Methodology 96 6.2 Ratings 97 6.3 Economic 98 6.4 Policy/Regulatory 102 6.5 Structural 106 6.6 Organisational 111 6.7 Behavioural 113 6.8 Summary 114 7 Route MapA 115A 7.1 Track 1 – Assessment of Technologies Methodology 117 7.2 Track 1 – Technology Assessment Results 119 7.3 Track 2 – R&D Programme 122 7.4 Track 3–Demonstrations at Scale 123 7.5 Track 4– Enabling Actions 126 7.6 Summary 135 8 Conclusions 137 Appendix 1 - Model building and review quality assurance 149 Appendix 2 - O&M Vessels Model Assumptions 151 Appendix 3 - Emission Calculations 153 Appendix 4 - Technology readiness level scale 154 Appendix 5 - Engagement ReportA 155 List of Figures 189 List of TablesA 191 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The UK’s offshore wind industry has seen rapid growth in the past ten years with more than 10.4GW of installed capacity now in UK waters and a target of 40GW by 2030. -
Options of Natural Gas Pipeline Reassignment for Hydrogen: Cost Assessment for a Germany Case Study
Options of Natural Gas Pipeline Reassignment for Hydrogen: Cost Assessment for a Germany Case Study Simonas CERNIAUSKAS,1(1) Antonio Jose CHAVEZ JUNCO,(1) Thomas GRUBE,(1) Martin ROBINIUS(1) and Detlef STOLTEN(1,2) (1) Institute of Techno-Economic Systems Analysis (IEK-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., D-52428, Germany (2) Chair for Fuel Cells, RWTH Aachen University, c/o Institute of Techno-Economic Systems Analysis (IEK-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., D- 52428, Germany Abstract The uncertain role of the natural gas infrastructure in the decarbonized energy system and the limitations of hydrogen blending raise the question of whether natural gas pipelines can be economically utilized for the transport of hydrogen. To investigate this question, this study derives cost functions for the selected pipeline reassignment methods. By applying geospatial hydrogen supply chain modeling, the technical and economic potential of natural gas pipeline reassignment during a hydrogen market introduction is assessed. The results of this study show a technically viable potential of more than 80% of the analyzed representative German pipeline network. By comparing the derived pipeline cost functions it could be derived that pipeline reassignment can reduce the hydrogen transmission costs by more than 60%. Finally, a countrywide analysis of pipeline availability constraints for the year 2030 shows a cost reduction of the transmission system by 30% in comparison to a newly built hydrogen pipeline system. Keywords: Hydrogen infrastructure, fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen embrittlement, geospatial analysis 1 D-52425 Jülich, +49 2461 61-9154, [email protected], http://www.fz- juelich.de/iek/iek-3 © 2020 This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Introduction The ongoing transition of the energy system to accommodate greenhouse gas emission reduction necessitates the reduction of fossil fuel consumption, including the use of natural gas (NG) [1]. -
Hydrogen-Enriched Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG)
Year 2005 UCD—ITS—RR—05—29 Hydrogen Bus Technology Validation Program Andy Burke Zach McCaffrey Marshall Miller Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis Kirk Collier Neal Mulligan Collier Technologies, Inc. Institute of Transportation Studies ◊ University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue ◊ Davis, California 95616 PHONE: (530) 752-6548 ◊ FAX: (530) 752-6572 WEB: http://its.ucdavis.edu/ Hydrogen Bus Technology Validation Program Andy Burke, Zach McCaffrey, Marshall Miller Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis Kirk Collier, Neal Mulligan Collier Technologies, Inc. Technology Provider: Collier Technologies, Inc. Grant number: ICAT 01-7 Grantee: University of California, Davis Date: May 12, 2005 Conducted under a grant by the California Air Resources Board of the California Environmental Protection Agency The statements and conclusions in this Report are those of the grantee and not necessarily those of the California Air Resources Board. The mention of commercial products, their source, or their use in connection with material reported herein is not to be construed as actual or implied endorsement of such products 2 Acknowledgments Work on this program was funded by the Federal Transit Administration, the California Air Resources Board, and the Yolo-Solano Air Quality Management District. This Report was submitted under Innovative Clean Air Technologies grant number 01-7 from the California Air Resources Board. 3 Table of Contents Abstract………………………………………………………………………………...................6 Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………...................7 -
Hydrogen Enriched Compressed Natural Gas (Hcng) – a Futuristic Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines
HYDROGEN ENRICHED COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (HCNG) – A FUTURISTIC FUEL FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES by Kasianantham NANTHAGOPAL a*, Rayapati SUBBARAO b, Thangavelu ELANGO a, Ponnusamy BASKAR a and Kandasamy ANNAMALAI c a Automotive Research Centre, SMBS,VIT University, Vellore-14, Tamilnadu, India, e-mail: [email protected] b Department of Mechanical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-25, India. c Department of Automobile Engineering , MIT Campus, Anna University, Chennai-25, India Air pollution is fast becoming a serious global problem with increasing population and its subsequent demands. This has resulted in increased usage of hydrogen as fuel for internal combustion engines. Hydrogen resources are vast and it is considered as one of the most promising fuel for automotive sector. As the required hydrogen infrastructure and refueling stations are not meeting the demand, widespread introduction of hydrogen vehicles is not possible in the near future. One of the solutions for this hurdle is to blend hydrogen with methane. Such types of blends take benefit of the unique combustion properties of hydrogen and at the same time reduce the demand for pure hydrogen. Enriching natural gas with hydrogen could be a potential alternative to common hydrocarbon fuels for internal combustion engine applications. Many researchers are working on this for the last few years and work is now focused on how to use this kind of fuel to its maximum extent. This technical note is an assessment of HCNG usage in case of internal combustion engines. Several examples and their salient features have been discussed. Finally, overall effects of hydrogen addition on an engine fueled with HCNG under various conditions are illustrated. -
Developing Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure for Fuel Cell Vehicles: a Status Update
www.theicct.org BRIEFING OCTOBER 2017 Developing hydrogen fueling infrastructure for fuel cell vehicles: A status update This briefing provides a synthesis of information regarding the global development of hydrogen fueling infrastructure to power fuel cell vehicles. The compilation includes research on hydrogen infrastructure deployment, fuel pathways, and planning based on developments in the prominent fuel cell vehicle growth markets around the world. INTRODUCTION Governments around the world continue to seek the right mix of future vehicle technologies that will enable expanded personal mobility and freight transport with near-zero emissions. This move toward zero emissions is motivated by the simultaneous drivers of improving local air quality, protecting against increased climate change impacts, and shifting to local renewable fuel sources. Electricity-powered plug-in vehicles and hydrogen-powered fuel cell electric vehicles offer great potential to displace the inherently high emissions associated with the combustion of petroleum- based gasoline and diesel fuels. Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles offer a unique combination of features as a zero-emission alternative to conventional vehicles. Fuel cell powertrains, converting hydrogen to electric power to propel the vehicle, tend to be about twice as efficient as those on conventional vehicles. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are typically capable of long trips (i.e., over 500 kilometers or 300 miles) and a short refueling time that is comparable to conventional vehicles. Furthermore, fuel cell vehicles are expected to be less expensive than conventional vehicles in the long run. The Prepared by: Aaron Isenstadt and Nic Lutsey. BEIJING | BERLIN | BRUSSELS | SAN FRANCISCO | WASHINGTON ICCT BRIEFING diversity of fuel pathways to produce hydrogen allows for the use of lower-carbon, renewable, and nonimported sources.