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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Afghanistan 1 50 000 Ecgonine 2 10 000 1 5 000 17 000 Fentanyl 6 10 000 20 000 4 000 8 000 1 90 000 Methadone 100 000 40 000 Morphine 1 550 000 Albania 1 Codeine 1 090 000 1 Fentanyl 280 10 Methadone 7 000 40 000 Morphine 7 500 Pethidine 50 000 Oxycodone 2 000 1 Pethidine 2 700 Pholcodine 1 Pholcodine 1 500 1 9 Remifentanil 16 000 1 Sufentanil 10 Algeria 68 000 350 Armenia Codeine 2 500 000 Codeine 3 000 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 40 Fentanyl 500 Methadone 13 000 Methadone 4 000 Morphine 7 000 Morphine 9 000 Thebaine 15 Oxycodone 4 000 1 500 Pethidine 3 000 Aruba* Pholcodine 1 500 000 Alfentanil 3 Remifentanil 1 1 Sufentanil 30 70 Andorra Codeine 85 2 000 1 Fentanyl 100 Dextropropoxyphene 85 Methadone 1 000 Fentanyl 200 Morphine 500 Hydrocodone 2 Oxycodone 2 000 Methadone 150 Pethidine 500 Morphine 540 Remifentanil 4 Opium 450 Angola Oxycodone 300 Alfentanil 7 Pethidine 404 Codeine 30 000 Piritramide 124 Dextromoramide 500 Remifentanil 19 500 Ascension Island* Diphenoxylate 500 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 8 Fentanyl 1 Methadone 2 000 Morphine 1 Morphine 6 000 Pethidine 1 Pethidine 6 000 Australia Sufentanil 5 Alfentanil 850 Anguilla Cannabis 2 500 000 Codeine 500 Cocaine 7 000 Fentanyl 1 Codeine 5 100 000 Morphine 20 Conc. of Pethidine 300 ACA 900 Antigua and Barbuda* AMA 1 700 Cocaine 9 AOA 5 550 Codeine 169 ATA 18 731 260 Dihydrocodeine 15 Dextromoramide 5 Diphenoxylate 28 Dextropropoxyphene 150 000 Fentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 130 000 Morphine 6 Diphenoxylate 45 000 Oxycodone 2 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 338 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 30 000 Sufentanil 1 Hydrocodone 100 Argentina Hydromorphone 70 000 Alphaprodine 1 Methadone 850 000 Bezitramide 1 Morphine 850 000 Cannabis 50 500 Cocaine 15 Oxycodone 2 700 000 Codeine 650 000 1 000 Dextromoramide 1 Pethidine 35 000 Dextropropoxyphene 200 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 1 Pholcodine 900 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Remifentanil 800 Dihydrocodeine 900 Sufentanil 2 Fentanyl 24 Austria 1 Alfentanil 450 Hydromorphone 3 Cannabis 50 000 Methadone 137 Cocaine 2 500 Morphine 3 165 Codeine 500 000 Pethidine 6 094 Codeine-N-oxide 70 Remifentanil 125 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Sufentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 650 000 Belarus 20 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 40 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Ecgonine 10 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 20 1 Etorphine 10 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 50 000 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Heroin 40 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 20 Alphaprodine 1 Hydromorphone 180 000 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Methadone 130 000 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Morphine 2 400 000 Cocaine 100 Morphine-N-oxide 30 Codeine 800 000 Nicomorphine 100 Dextromoramide 1 Opium 20 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Oripavine 100 Dihydrocodeine 1 Oxycodone 400 000 Dipipanone 1 Oxymorphone 500 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 1 000 Ethylmorphine 50 Piritramide 24 000 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 4 500 Fentanyl 1 200 Sufentanil 600 Heroin 1 Thebaine 110 Hydrocodone 1 Tilidine 100 Hydromorphone 3 000 Azerbaijan Levomoramide 1 Codeine 2 000 Methadone 30 000 Fentanyl 60 Morphine 10 000 Methadone 6 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Morphine 3 600 MPPP 1 Thebaine 30 1 Trimeperidine 2 800 Normethadone 1 Bahamas* 1 Alfentanil 1 1 Cannabis 3 Oxycodone 1 Cocaine 3 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 3 750 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pethidine 1 Fentanyl 23 Remifentanil 1 Heroin 1 Sufentanil 1 Hydrocodone 1 Thebaine 1 Hydromorphone 1 1 Ketobemidone 1 Trimeperidine 30 000 Methadone 1 Morphine 750 1 Oxycodone 3 750 AH-7921 1 Oxymorphone 1 Alfentanil 350 Pethidine 6 000 Cannabis 60 000 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 7 500 Bahrain Codeine 1 830 000 Codeine 15 913 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Etorphine 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 50 Ecgonine 1 Methadone 132 Ethylmorphine 140 000 Morphine 7 000 Etorphine 2 Oxycodone 1 750 Fentanyl 35 000 Pethidine 10 675 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 110 Hydrocodone 200 Bangladesh Hydromorphone 12 000 Fentanyl 1 200 Methadone 285 000 Methadone 40 000 Morphine 140 000 Morphine 400 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Oxycodone 10 000 MT-45 1 Oxymorphone 300 000 Nicomorphine 1 Pethidine 790 000 Norcodeine 1 Barbados Normorphine 1 Codeine 120 000 Opium 5 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Oripavine 1 Pholcodine 15 750 Oxycodone 320 000 Remifentanil 19 Pethidine 40 000 Sufentanil 4 Pholcodine 10 000 Thebaine 1 Piritramide 20 000 Botswana Remifentanil 900 Alfentanil 9 Sufentanil 90 Codeine 18 000 Thebaine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Tilidine 2 000 000 Etorphine 20 Belize Fentanyl 7 Cocaine 100 Hydromorphone 1 000 Codeine 10 000 Morphine 10 000 Dextropropoxyphene 4 000 Oxycodone 400 Dihydrocodeine 50 Pethidine 40 000 Diphenoxylate 50 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 25 Sufentanil 3 Hydrocodone 100 Tilidine 300 Hydromorphone 100 Brazil Methadone 1 000 Alfentanil 3 244 Morphine 4 000 Alphaprodine 10 Oxycodone 250 10 Pethidine 4 200 Bezitramide 10 Benin Cannabis 120 Fentanyl 11 Cannabis resin 10 Morphine 2 200 Coca leaf 10 Pethidine 1 500 Cocaine 100 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 4 939 358 Bermuda* Dextromoramide 10 Alfentanil 4 Dextropropoxyphene 10 Cannabis 1 Difenoxin 10 Cannabis resin 1 Dihydrocodeine 10 Cocaine 75 Diphenoxylate 10 Codeine 1 875 Dipipanone 10 Dextromoramide 6 Ethylmorphine 10 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Etorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine 750 Fentanyl 5 887 Diphenoxylate 55 Heroin 10 Dipipanone 1 Hydrocodone 10 Etorphine 2 Hydromorphone 4 746 Fentanyl 23 Ketobemidone 10 Heroin 1 10 Hydrocodone 6 Methadone 95 027 Hydromorphone 57 Morphine 2 056 081 Methadone 1 500 Nicomorphine 10 Morphine 563 Normethadone 10 Oxycodone 320 Opium 165 740 Oxymorphone 1 Oripavine 10 Pethidine 1 125 Oxycodone 174 614 Pholcodine 38 Oxymorphone 10 Remifentanil 8 Pethidine 682 250 Bhutan Phenoperidine 10 Codeine 500 Pholcodine 10 Etorphine 1 Piritramide 1 Fentanyl 2 Remifentanil 5 533 Morphine 570 10 Pethidine 700 Thebaine 10 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Tilidine 10 Codeine 323 140 British Virgin Islands Fentanyl 60 Codeine 200 Morphine 79 390 Dihydrocodeine 30 Oxycodone 27 062 Diphenoxylate 10 Pethidine 17 400 Fentanyl 20 Remifentanil 150 Hydromorphone 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina* Morphine 200 Alfentanil 19 Oxycodone 100 Cannabis 2 Pethidine 650 Cannabis resin 2 Remifentanil 1 Cocaine 2 Brunei Darussalam Codeine 2 643 Alfentanil 2 Fentanyl 825 Codeine 5 000 Heroin 2 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Methadone 1 235 Fentanyl 55 Morphine 5 250 Morphine 1 200 Oxycodone 4 Oxycodone 250 Pethidine 412 Pethidine 1 200

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Pholcodine 1 000 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 3 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Alphaprodine 5 Alfentanil 10 Anileridine 1 Cocaine 1 1 Codeine 4 000 000 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Betameprodine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Cannabis resin 481 500 1 Cocaine 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 15 000 Codeine 17 500 000 Ecgonine 2 1 Ethylmorphine 10 000 Dextromoramide 1 Fentanyl 600 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Heroin 1 5 Hydrocodone 1 Difenoxin 5 Hydromorphone 1 Dihydrocodeine 2 5 Dihydromorphine 3 100 Methadone 150 000 5 Morphine 50 000 5 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Diphenoxylate 5 000 Normorphine 1 Dipipanone 5 Opium 10 5 Oxycodone 35 000 Ecgonine 1 Oxymorphone 1 Ethylmorphine 3 Pethidine 20 000 5 Piritramide 1 000 Etorphine 5 Remifentanil 35 5 Sufentanil 10 Fentanyl 100 000 Tilidine 10 000 5 Burkina Faso Heroin 60 000 Dextromoramide 1 Hydrocodone 85 000 Fentanyl 7 1 Morphine 2 752 Hydromorphone 2 100 000 Pethidine 35 Isomethadone 5 Sufentanil 1 Ketobemidone 2 Burundi 5 Codeine 1 000 5 Fentanyl 2 Levorphanol 25 Morphine 3 000 Methadone 2 500 000 Pethidine 1 000 25 Cabo Verde Morphine 4 000 000 Alfentanil 1 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Cannabis 1 MPPP 25 Cannabis resin 1 Norcodeine 1 Cocaine 1 Normethadone 10 000 Codeine 40 Normorphine 1 Fentanyl 4 Norpipanone 25 Heroin 1 Opium 7 000 Methadone 8 Oripavine 15 000 Morphine 220 Oxycodone 9 000 000 Pethidine 200 Oxymorphone 20 000 Cambodia* Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Codeine 116 500 Pethidine 400 000 Fentanyl 19 25 Methadone 5 625 5 Morphine 10 000 10 Oxycodone 2 000 1 Pethidine 500 Phenoperidine 25 Cameroon* Pholcodine 20 Codeine 40 000 25 Fentanyl 5 Piritramide 0 Morphine 8 000 5 Pethidine 8 000 25 Pholcodine 1 500 5 Canada 5 3-Methylfentanyl 10 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Remifentanil 700 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 5 Sufentanil 200 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Thebaine 15 000 5 Thiofentanyl 5 Alfentanil 150 Tilidine 5 5 Trimeperidine 5 3 Cayman Islands* Alphameprodine 5 Alfentanil 1 5 Cannabis 3

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Cocaine 22 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Codeine 27 Dihydrocodeine 514 000 Dihydrocodeine 30 Diphenoxylate 12 050 Fentanyl 30 Dipipanone 500 Heroin 26 Ecgonine 2 Hydrocodone 180 Ethylmorphine 30 050 Hydromorphone 60 Etonitazene 1 Methadone 26 Etorphine 4 Morphine 450 Fentanyl 250 Oxycodone 675 Heroin 15 Oxymorphone 206 Hydrocodone 150 Pethidine 1 688 Hydromorphone 2 000 Remifentanil 3 Levomethorphan 1 Central African Republic* Levorphanol 1 Codeine 15 000 Methadone 180 000 Fentanyl 3 Morphine 32 000 Methadone 1 500 Norcodeine 1 Morphine 6 000 Normethadone 250 Pethidine 4 000 Normorphine 1 Chad* Opium 25 000 Codeine 79 Oxycodone 10 500 Fentanyl 256 Oxymorphone 1 Morphine 187 Pethidine 34 000 Chile Pethidine intermediate B 1 Alfentanil 12 Phenazocine 1 Cannabis 15 000 Pholcodine 5 001 000 Cocaine 40 Racemorphan 1 Codeine 1 158 887 Remifentanil 100 Ethylmorphine 2 000 Sufentanil 10 Fentanyl 6 820 Thebaine 2 Methadone 17 000 Macao S pecial Administrative Region of China Morphine 160 000 3-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Oripavine 3 6-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Oxycodone 4 500 Alfentanil 5 Pethidine 25 000 Alphaprodine 2 Remifentanil 504 Anileridine 2 Sufentanil 1 Bezitramide 2 China Cannabis 8 Alfentanil 5 Cannabis resin 8 Cannabis 5 Coca leaf 2 Cocaine 5 000 Cocaine 6 Codeine 7 850 000 Codeine 2 000 Conc. of poppy straw Dextromoramide 2 AMA 200 300 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 ATA 200 000 Difenoxin 2 Dihydrocodeine 950 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 200 Diphenoxylate 2 820 000 Diphenoxylate 30 Etorphine 50 Dipipanone 2 Fentanyl 55 000 Ecgonine 2 Hydrocodone 80 000 Ethylmorphine 2 Hydromorphone 10 000 Etorphine 2 Methadone 3 100 000 Fentanyl 70 Morphine 11 100 000 Heroin 5 Opium 10 800 000 Hydrocodone 4 Oripavine 50 Hydromorphone 2 Oxycodone 2 000 000 Ketobemidone 2 Oxymorphone 15 000 Levorphanol 2 Pethidine 1 800 000 Methadone 10 000 Pholcodine 1 010 000 Morphine 5 000 Remifentanil 40 000 Morphine-3-B-D-glucuronide 2 Sufentanil 2 000 Nicomorphine 2 Thebaine 750 000 Norcodeine 2 Tilidine 150 000 Normethadone 2 Hong Kong S pecial Administrative Region of Opium 2 China Oripavine 2 Alfentanil 20 Oxycodone 500 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Oxymorphone 4 Anileridine 1 Pethidine 3 000 Cannabis 4 Phenoperidine 100 Cannabis resin 2 Pholcodine 4 Coca leaf 2 Piritramide 2 Cocaine 7 500 Remifentanil 15 Codeine 4 501 000 Sufentanil 2 Desomorphine 1 Thebacon 2 Dextromoramide 5 Thebaine 4

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Tilidine 2 Dihydrocodeine 1 Christmas Island Dihydromorphine 2 Fentanyl 1 Ecgonine 4 Hydromorphone 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Morphine 2 Fentanyl 2 500 Oxycodone 40 Heroin 3 Colombia Hydrocodone 3 100 Alfentanil 5 Hydromorphone 3 100 Cannabis 40 500 000 Methadone 130 000 Cannabis resin 4 000 000 Methadone intermediate 15 Cocaine 50 Morphine 77 000 Codeine 2 900 000 Morphine-N-oxide 15 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Norcodeine 2 Dihydrocodeine 900 000 Normorphine 1 Diphenoxylate 51 000 Oxycodone 25 000 Ecgonine 20 Oxymorphone 3 100 Etorphine 6 Pethidine 6 500 Fentanyl 6 000 Pholcodine 40 000 Heroin 20 Remifentanil 300 Hydrocodone 240 000 Sufentanil 10 Hydromorphone 10 000 Thebaine 10 Methadone 84 000 Cuba Morphine 100 000 Cocaine 2 Opium 10 Codeine 296 100 Oxycodone 253 000 Diphenoxylate 465 Oxymorphone 6 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 45 000 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 2 500 Fentanyl 193 Sufentanil 6 Heroin 1 Thebaine 6 Hydrocodone 1 Comoros Hydromorphone 1 Dextromoramide 4 Methadone 1 Fentanyl 1 Morphine 33 751 Morphine 116 Norcodeine 1 Sufentanil 1 Normorphine 2 Congo* Oxycodone 1 Codeine 3 200 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 4 Pethidine 17 400 Morphine 2 200 Thebaine 1 Pethidine 3 200 Curaçao Cook Islands 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Cocaine 25 Alfentanil 5 Codeine 150 Bezitramide 2 Fentanyl 1 Cannabis 3 Heroin 25 Cocaine 200 Methadone 2 Codeine 10 000 Morphine 250 Dextromoramide 5 Oxycodone 25 Fentanyl 125 Pethidine 65 Heroin 1 Costa Rica Hydrocodone 5 Cocaine 10 Methadone 20 Codeine 1 258 000 Morphine 750 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Nicomorphine 5 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Opium 25 Fentanyl 296 Oxycodone 75 Heroin 10 Pethidine 850 Methadone 6 956 Piritramide 250 Morphine 44 954 Remifentanil 3 Oxycodone 9 180 Sufentanil 2 Pethidine 566 Cyprus Côte d'Ivoire Alfentanil 4 Cocaine 1 Cannabis 1 Codeine 75 000 Cannabis resin 1 Fentanyl 30 Cocaine 1 Heroin 1 Codeine 120 000 Methadone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 25 000 Morphine 350 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Pholcodine 12 000 Diphenoxylate 2 000 Sufentanil 2 Ecgonine 5 Croatia Etorphine 2 Alfentanil 5 Fentanyl 230 Cannabis 1 000 Heroin 1 Cocaine 500 Hydrocodone 1 Codeine 360 000 Hydromorphone 1 Codeine-N-oxide 15 Methadone 170

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Morphine 3 000 11 Oripavine 1 Dihydromorphine 5 Oxycodone 250 000 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Oxymorphone 1 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 7 000 Ethylmorphine 500 Remifentanil 200 Etorphine 10 Sufentanil 45 Fentanyl 16 000 Thebaine 2 Heroin 50 000 Czechia Hydrocodone 10 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphinol 1 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Hydromorphone 50 000 Alfentanil 130 Ketobemidone 25 000 Cannabis 50 000 Levorphanol 1 Cannabis resin 10 Methadone 320 000 Cocaine 3 000 Methadone intermediate 1 Codeine 460 000 Morphine 500 650 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Desomorphine 1 MPPP 1 Dihydrocodeine 10 Nicomorphine 1 000 Dihydromorphine 5 Norcodeine 1 Ecgonine 10 Opium 50 000 Ethylmorphine 3 000 Oripavine 1 140 Etorphine 3 Oxycodone 400 000 Fentanyl 10 000 Oxymorphone 800 000 Heroin 5 Pethidine 50 000 Hydrocodone 40 Pholcodine 18 Hydromorphone 15 000 Remifentanil 1 700 Methadone 25 000 Sufentanil 20 Morphine 90 000 Thebaine 950 000 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Djibouti* Norcodeine 5 Alfentanil 1 Normorphine 10 Fentanyl 1 Opium 2 000 Morphine 820 Oripavine 5 Remifentanil 1 Oxycodone 190 000 Sufentanil 1 Oxymorphone 5 Dominica* Pethidine 40 000 Codeine 23 Piritramide 12 000 Dihydrocodeine 27 Remifentanil 20 Fentanyl 1 Sufentanil 75 Hydrocodone 5 Thebaine 2 700 000 Methadone 27 Tilidine 10 Morphine 158 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Pethidine 263 Cocaine 1 000 Dominican Republic Codeine 35 000 Alfentanil 100 Diphenoxylate 50 Codeine 200 000 Ethylmorphine 1 500 Dihydrocodeine 500 Etorphine 3 Fentanyl 200 Fentanyl 500 Hydrocodone 1 000 Morphine 20 000 Hydromorphone 1 000 Opium 600 000 Methadone 1 000 Trimeperidine 2 000 Morphine 15 000 Democratic Republic of the Congo* Oxycodone 6 000 Alfentanil 4 Oxymorphone 500 Codeine 70 000 Pethidine 2 000 Dextropropoxyphene 11 250 Remifentanil 100 Diphenoxylate 3 750 Ecuador Fentanyl 37 Cannabis 10 Methadone 12 Cannabis resin 10 Morphine 40 000 Cocaine 10 Pethidine 20 000 Codeine 140 000 Sufentanil 2 Diphenoxylate 30 000 Denmark Fentanyl 400 Alfentanil 600 Heroin 10 Cannabis 135 000 Methadone 500 Cocaine 3 600 Morphine 15 000 Codeine 1 500 000 Oxycodone 10 000 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Remifentanil 800 Conc. of poppy straw Egypt ACA 1 000 000 Codeine 400 000 AMA 200 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 ATA 15 Dihydrocodeine 3 000 Desomorphine 1 Diphenoxylate 5 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Fentanyl 3 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Hydrocodone 5 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Hydromorphone 2 000 Fentanyl 14 Morphine 18 000 Methadone 8 Oxycodone 22 000 Morphine 1 400 Pethidine 90 000 Oxycodone 45 Pholcodine 200 000 Pethidine 3 000 Remifentanil 30 Finland Sufentanil 50 3-Methylfentanyl 1 El Salvador 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 400 000 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Fentanyl 250 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 500 Acetylfentanyl 1 Methadone 6 000 AH-7921 1 Morphine 20 000 Alfentanil 220 Opium 12 000 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 6 000 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Pethidine 14 000 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Remifentanil 135 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Equatorial Guinea* Cannabis 75 000 Cocaine 150 Cocaine 8 000 Codeine 263 Codeine 550 000 Diphenoxylate 75 Desomorphine 1 Fentanyl 113 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Methadone 263 Dihydrocodeine 1 Tilidine 263 Ecgonine 1 Eritrea* Ethylmorphine 60 100 Codeine 6 500 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 20 000 Morphine 3 000 Heroin 1 Pethidine 5 000 Hydrocodone 5 Estonia Hydromorphone 3 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Levomethorphan 1 Alfentanil 1 Methadone 80 000 Cannabis 6 500 Morphine 80 000 Cannabis resin 3 MPPP 1 Cocaine 1 000 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 1 370 Normethadone 2 Desomorphine 1 Opium 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 500 Oxycodone 400 000 Dihydromorphine 500 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Ecgonine 25 Pethidine 3 000 Ethylmorphine 200 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Etorphine 33 Pholcodine 5 Fentanyl 700 Remifentanil 500 Heroin 2 Sufentanil 5 Hydrocodone 200 France Hydromorphone 200 Alfentanil 1 500 Methadone 23 000 Alphaprodine 3 Morphine 11 500 Anileridine 3 Opium 2 Bezitramide 3 Oripavine 1 500 Cannabis 600 000 Oxycodone 16 000 Cannabis resin 200 Oxymorphone 500 Coca leaf 5 000 Pethidine 6 000 Cocaine 3 000 Remifentanil 16 Codeine 36 006 000 Sufentanil 1 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Thebaine 900 Conc. of poppy straw Ethiopia ACA 4 020 000 Codeine 75 000 AMA 58 315 400 Diphenoxylate 1 000 AOA 25 400 Fentanyl 20 ATA 25 213 000 Methadone 1 000 Dextromoramide 3 Morphine 300 000 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Pethidine 80 000 Difenoxin 3 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Codeine 285 Diphenoxylate 100 Dihydrocodeine 59 Dipipanone 1 000 Fentanyl 6 Ecgonine 5 Heroin 3 Ethylmorphine 302 000 Methadone 1 Fentanyl 90 000 Morphine 43 Heroin 100 Pethidine 2 Hydrocodone 100 Pholcodine 13 Hydromorphone 15 000 Remifentanil 1 Ketobemidone 1 000 Fiji Levorphanol 3 Codeine 250 Methadone 1 500 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Morphine 104 500 000 Bezitramide 1 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Cannabis 1 Nicomorphine 3 Cannabis resin 1 Norcodeine 5 Cocaine 1 Normethadone 3 Codeine 100 Opium 15 001 000 Desomorphine 1 Oripavine 200 Dextromoramide 1 Oxycodone 27 000 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxymorphone 200 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pethidine 5 000 Dihydromorphine 1 Phenoperidine 3 Dipipanone 1 Pholcodine 1 001 000 Ecgonine 1 Piritramide 3 Ethylmorphine 1 Remifentanil 2 500 Etorphine 1 Sufentanil 900 Fentanyl 100 Thebacon 3 Heroin 1 Thebaine 25 005 000 Hydrocodone 1 Tilidine 100 Hydromorphone 1 French Polynesia Ketobemidone 1 Alfentanil 20 Levomethorphan 1 Cannabis 1 Levorphanol 1 Cannabis resin 20 1 Cocaine 50 Methadone 65 000 Codeine 5 Morphine 10 200 Dihydrocodeine 1 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Norcodeine 1 Fentanyl 250 1 Heroin 20 Normethadone 1 Hydromorphone 5 Normorphine 1 Methadone 150 Oripavine 1 Morphine 3 000 Oxycodone 100 Oxycodone 100 Oxymorphone 1 Pethidine 60 Pethidine 10 Pholcodine 1 Phenoperidine 1 Remifentanil 20 Pholcodine 1 Sufentanil 2 Racemethorphan 1 Gabon* Racemorphan 1 Alfentanil 1 Remifentanil 1 Cocaine 1 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 1 300 Thebacon 1 Dextromoramide 1 Thebaine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 416 Thiofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 6 Tilidine 1 Morphine 180 Trimeperidine 900 Oxycodone 8 Pethidine 346 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Phenoperidine 2 Alfentanil 1 300 Sufentanil 1 Cannabis 5 000 000 Gambia* Cocaine 2 500 Codeine 188 Codeine 12 020 000 Dextropropoxyphene 141 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Dihydrocodeine 141 Desomorphine 1 Fentanyl 29 Dextropropoxyphene 20 Methadone 3 Dihydrocodeine 20 050 Morphine 188 Diphenoxylate 100 Pethidine 563 Dipipanone 1 Georgia Ecgonine 5 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Etorphine 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 515 000 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Heroin 80 000 1 Hydrocodone 1 000 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Hydromorphone 550 000 Acetylmethadol 1 Ketobemidone 250 000 AH-7921 1 Methadone 5 000 000 Alfentanil 1 Methadone intermediate 3 600 000 Allylprodine 1 Morphine 1 600 000 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Alphameprodine 1 MPPP 1 Alphamethadol 1 Norcodeine 1 Alphaprodine 1 Normorphine 1 1 Opium 440 000 1 Oripavine 1 Betameprodine 1 Oxycodone 3 500 000 1 Oxymorphone 4 000 Betaprodine 1 Pethidine 655 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Pethidine intermediate B 1 Codeine 31 051 Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 1 Piritramide 135 000 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 15 000 Hydrocodone 1 Sufentanil 1 200 Hydromorphone 1 Thebaine 100 Methadone 375 Tilidine 51 120 000 Morphine 1 500 Ghana Oxycodone 1 Cocaine 10 Oxymorphone 1 Codeine 150 000 Pethidine 3 938 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Pholcodine 1 500 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 10 Haiti Heroin 2 Codeine 7 620 Methadone 2 Fentanyl 27 Morphine 10 000 Morphine 8 735 Opium 10 Honduras Oxycodone 200 Codeine 18 000 Pethidine 100 000 Fentanyl 200 Remifentanil 20 Morphine 1 000 Gibraltar Oxycodone 3 000 Alfentanil 1 Pethidine 3 300 Cannabis 1 500 Hungary Cocaine 10 Alfentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 5 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 150 Cocaine 800 Heroin 40 Codeine 4 395 750 Hydromorphone 5 Codeine-N-oxide 4 Methadone 5 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 400 ACA 154 000 Oxycodone 950 AMA 7 604 100 Pethidine 30 ATA 3 079 000 Remifentanil 5 Dextropropoxyphene 4 Greece Difenoxin 1 Alfentanil 12 Dihydrocodeine 120 300 Cocaine 10 Diphenoxylate 14 000 Codeine 644 000 Ecgonine 1 Fentanyl 14 000 Ethylmorphine 55 000 Methadone 43 623 Fentanyl 10 000 Morphine 3 311 Heroin 2 Oxycodone 1 506 Hydrocodone 1 Pethidine 20 642 Hydromorphone 2 100 Remifentanil 929 Methadone 12 100 Grenada* Morphine 8 508 000 Alfentanil 1 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Cocaine 8 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 188 Oxycodone 3 018 500 Dihydrocodeine 60 Oxymorphone 2 400 000 Fentanyl 2 Pethidine 6 000 Hydrocodone 4 Remifentanil 1 Methadone 19 Sufentanil 4 Morphine 338 Thebaine 4 100 001 Pethidine 375 Iceland Guatemala Alfentanil 2 Alfentanil 2 Codeine 120 000 Codeine 200 000 Fentanyl 500 Diphenoxylate 7 000 Hydromorphone 100 Fentanyl 300 Ketobemidone 600 Hydrocodone 10 000 Methadone 500 Methadone 3 000 Morphine 10 000 Morphine 6 000 Oxycodone 13 000 Oxycodone 18 000 Pethidine 400 Pethidine 27 000 Remifentanil 12 Remifentanil 8 Sufentanil 1 Guinea* India Codeine 9 500 Cannabis 10 Fentanyl 25 Cocaine 3 Morphine 3 500 Codeine 65 000 000 Pethidine 8 300 Difenoxin 5 Guinea -Bissau* Dihydrocodeine 5 000 000 Fentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 14 100 000 Morphine 1 500 Ecgonine 2 Pethidine 1 000 Ethylmorphine 500 000 Guyana* Etorphine 4 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 13 750

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Heroin 3 Pethidine 65 000 Hydrocodone 10 000 Remifentanil 57 Hydromorphone 100 Ireland Methadone 2 500 000 Alfentanil 160 Morphine 17 650 000 Cannabis 5 Morphine-N-oxide 10 Cannabis resin 5 Normethadone 10 000 Coca leaf 5 Normorphine 10 Cocaine 500 Opium 263 000 000 Codeine 5 007 000 Oripavine 80 000 Dextromoramide 500 Oxycodone 130 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Oxymorphone 5 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Pethidine 700 000 Dipipanone 250 Pholcodine 600 000 Ethylmorphine 5 Remifentanil 1 500 Etorphine 5 Sufentanil 25 Fentanyl 5 000 Thebaine 2 000 000 Heroin 5 Tilidine 140 000 Hydrocodone 1 000 Trimeperidine 300 000 Hydromorphone 4 000 Indonesia Levorphanol 5 Acetylfentanyl 1 Methadone 250 000 Cannabis 2 Methadone intermediate 5 Cannabis resin 2 Morphine 50 000 Codeine 2 068 000 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Fentanyl 1 800 Norcodeine 1 Heroin 4 Normorphine 5 Hydromorphone 1 300 Opium 1 100 Methadone 108 000 Oripavine 10 000 Morphine 60 900 Oxycodone 170 000 Oxycodone 6 600 Oxymorphone 1 000 Pethidine 130 500 Pethidine 18 000 Remifentanil 1 Pholcodine 160 000 Sufentanil 1 Remifentanil 315 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Sufentanil 5 Alfentanil 700 Thebaine 1 000 Alphaprodine 2 Tilidine 5 000 Anileridine 2 Israel Cannabis 100 Alfentanil 3 Cannabis resin 10 Cannabis 10 150 000 Coca leaf 2 Cocaine 1 600 Cocaine 100 Codeine 2 450 000 Codeine 26 000 000 Codeine-N-oxide 5 Conc. of poppy straw Etorphine 3 AMA 10 000 000 Fentanyl 18 000 Dextromoramide 10 Heroin 10 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Hydrocodone 5 Difenoxin 2 Hydromorphone 500 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Methadone 270 000 Diphenoxylate 1 200 000 Morphine 60 000 Dipipanone 1 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Ethylmorphine 100 Opium 40 Etorphine 2 Oxycodone 450 000 Fentanyl 550 Pethidine 27 000 Heroin 50 Remifentanil 400 Hydrocodone 50 Italy Hydromorphone 50 3-Methylfentanyl 2 Levorphanol 1 Alfentanil 15 Methadone 5 500 000 Alphaprodine 2 Morphine 35 000 Anileridine 2 Normethadone 1 Bezitramide 2 Opium 155 000 000 Cannabis 1 200 000 Oxycodone 500 000 Cocaine 2 065 Oxymorphone 10 Codeine 25 700 000 Pethidine 550 000 Codeine-N-oxide 10 Pholcodine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Remifentanil 650 ACA 3 600 000 Sufentanil 25 AMA 3 600 000 Thebacon 1 AOA 4 500 000 Thebaine 1 000 ATA 1 600 000 Tilidine 10 Dextropropoxyphene 5 Iraq* Difenoxin 3 Codeine 2 500 000 Dihydrocodeine 800 012 Diphenoxylate 431 250 Dihydroetorphine 2 Fentanyl 225 Dihydromorphine 5 Morphine 8 000 Diphenoxylate 3

-11-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Dipipanone 3 Fentanyl 600 Ecgonine 9 Heroin 1 Ethylmorphine 7 Hydrocodone 100 Etorphine 18 Hydromorphone 250 Fentanyl 100 000 Methadone 500 Heroin 45 Morphine 55 500 Hydrocodone 7 Oxycodone 3 000 Hydromorphone 80 500 Oxymorphone 100 Ketobemidone 2 Pethidine 70 000 Levomethorphan 6 Remifentanil 350 Levorphanol 2 Kazakhstan Methadone 2 300 000 3-Monoacetylmorphine 3 Methadone intermediate 10 6-Monoacetylmorphine 3 Morphine 2 720 000 Alfentanil 1 MPPP 2 Allylprodine 1 Nicomorphine 3 Anileridine 1 Normethadone 3 Bezitramide 1 Opium 2 Cocaine 1 Oripavine 4 Codeine 149 516 Oxycodone 1 900 000 Dextromoramide 1 Oxymorphone 3 500 005 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Pethidine 110 000 Difenoxin 1 Phenazocine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pholcodine 300 004 Diphenoxylate 1 Piritramide 12 Dipipanone 1 Racemoramide 6 Ethylmorphine 473 Remifentanil 3 300 Etorphine 1 Sufentanil 100 Fentanyl 1 430 Thebacon 2 Heroin 3 Thebaine 2 000 006 Hydrocodone 1 Tilidine 39 Hydromorphone 1 Jamaica Ketobemidone 1 Cannabis 2 000 Levorphanol 1 Cannabis resin 1 500 Methadone 30 662 Cocaine 25 Morphine 79 453 Codeine 24 537 Nicomorphine 1 Fentanyl 20 Normethadone 1 Methadone 300 Opium 800 Morphine 6 000 Oripavine 1 Oxycodone 80 Oxycodone 1 Pethidine 17 000 Oxymorphone 1 Remifentanil 3 Pethidine 1 Japan Phenoperidine 1 Alfentanil 0 Pholcodine 1 Cocaine 25 000 Piritramide 0 Codeine 11 200 000 Remifentanil 1 Conc. of poppy straw Sufentanil 1 AMA 15 001 000 Thebacon 1 ATA 1 501 000 Thebaine 38 Dihydrocodeine 12 250 000 Tilidine 1 Dihydromorphine 2 Trimeperidine 106 409 Drotebanol 1 400 Kenya Ecgonine 3 Cannabis 1 Ethylmorphine 10 Cannabis resin 1 Etorphine 3 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 65 000 Codeine 180 000 Hydrocodone 101 Dihydrocodeine 50 000 Hydromorphone 25 000 Etorphine 15 Levorphanol 1 Fentanyl 100 Methadone 17 000 Hydrocodone 75 Morphine 14 260 000 Hydromorphone 54 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Methadone 100 000 Opium 60 050 000 Morphine 100 000 Oxycodone 900 000 Oxycodone 750 Oxymorphone 33 Pethidine 80 000 Pethidine 90 000 Remifentanil 38 Racemethorphan 1 Kiribati Remifentanil 12 000 Codeine 22 Sufentanil 2 Fentanyl 43 Thebaine 2 700 000 Morphine 34 Jordan Pethidine 90 Cannabis 2 Kuwait Cocaine 1 Alfentanil 300 Codeine 50 000 Cannabis 500 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Cannabis resin 150

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Cocaine 1 Dihydrocodeine 141 Codeine 1 100 Fentanyl 40 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Morphine 1 500 Diphenoxylate 1 Pethidine 15 000 Fentanyl 500 Remifentanil 2 Heroin 1 Lithuania Hydrocodone 50 Cocaine 2 Hydromorphone 200 Codeine 2 Methadone 300 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Morphine 2 000 Ecgonine 1 Opium 50 Fentanyl 1 000 Oxycodone 6 000 Heroin 2 Pethidine 20 000 Methadone 11 000 Remifentanil 500 Morphine 11 000 Sufentanil 2 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Kyrgyzstan Oripavine 1 Cocaine 1 Oxycodone 50 Codeine 4 000 Pethidine 17 500 Ethylmorphine 1 Remifentanil 10 Fentanyl 40 Thebaine 1 Methadone 40 000 Trimeperidine 2 Morphine 5 000 Luxembourg Thebaine 1 Alfentanil 15 Trimeperidine 10 000 Cannabis 18 000 Lao People's Democratic Republic Cocaine 500 Cannabis 1 Codeine 50 Cocaine 1 Fentanyl 1 200 Codeine 25 000 Heroin 10 000 Fentanyl 9 Hydromorphone 900 Heroin 200 Methadone 16 000 Morphine 4 500 Morphine 9 000 Opium 1 Opium 300 Pethidine 7 500 Oxycodone 7 000 Latvia Pethidine 500 Alfentanil 43 Piritramide 3 000 Cannabis 1 Remifentanil 230 Cannabis resin 1 Sufentanil 10 Cocaine 1 Tilidine 60 000 Codeine 300 Madagascar Fentanyl 1 500 Alfentanil 33 Heroin 1 Codeine 447 910 Hydromorphone 10 Dextropropoxyphene 180 Methadone 19 000 Fentanyl 42 Morphine 6 000 Morphine 11 625 Oripavine 1 Opium 124 625 Oxycodone 15 Pethidine 502 Pethidine 720 Sufentanil 5 Remifentanil 2 Malawi Sufentanil 1 Codeine 29 100 Thebaine 1 Etorphine 1 Trimeperidine 4 000 Methadone 20 Lebanon Morphine 46 220 Codeine 80 000 Pethidine 34 340 Fentanyl 250 Malaysia Morphine 7 500 Alfentanil 10 Oxycodone 2 500 Cannabis 30 Pethidine 20 000 Cannabis resin 10 Remifentanil 150 Cocaine 6 000 Sufentanil 5 Codeine 90 001 Lesotho Dihydrocodeine 100 000 Codeine 1 200 Diphenoxylate 90 000 Dihydrocodeine 900 Etorphine 2 Fentanyl 7 Fentanyl 800 Morphine 75 Heroin 20 Pethidine 2 000 Hydrocodone 10 Tilidine 10 Hydromorphone 10 Liberia Methadone 500 000 Codeine 3 000 Morphine 60 000 Fentanyl 75 Oxycodone 24 000 Methadone 1 000 Oxymorphone 10 Morphine 5 000 Pethidine 100 000 Pethidine 3 000 Pholcodine 100 000 Libya* Remifentanil 150 Alfentanil 15 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 3 000 Thebaine 10

-13-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Pethidine 4 Maldives Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 29 Remifentanil 2 020 Methadone 2 500 Sufentanil 46 Morphine 194 Thebaine 1 Pethidine 507 Tilidine 1 Mali Micronesia (Federated States of) Alfentanil 1 Codeine 1 137 Codeine 5 779 Fentanyl 4 Fentanyl 61 Morphine 148 Morphine 9 034 Oxycodone 9 Oxycodone 8 986 Pethidine 223 Pethidine 165 Mongolia Remifentanil 3 Codeine 5 000 Sufentanil 3 Fentanyl 150 Malta Morphine 11 000 Alfentanil 50 Oxycodone 250 Cannabis 1 Trimeperidine 1 500 Cocaine 1 Montenegro Codeine 2 Cannabis 6 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 000 Cannabis resin 5 Fentanyl 40 Coca leaf 2 Heroin 40 Cocaine 3 Methadone 23 000 Codeine 2 Morphine 5 000 Fentanyl 412 Oxycodone 6 Heroin 3 Pethidine 3 500 Methadone 4 501 Remifentanil 5 Morphine 393 Sufentanil 1 Opium 2 Marshall Islands* Pethidine 135 Codeine 97 Remifentanil 8 Fentanyl 1 Montserrat* Morphine 75 Codeine 58 Pethidine 166 Morphine 2 Mauritania* Pethidine 9 Codeine 4 000 Morocco Fentanyl 8 Alfentanil 75 Morphine 4 000 Codeine 2 842 015 Mauritius Fentanyl 375 Alfentanil 2 Methadone 68 000 Etorphine 1 Morphine 10 704 Fentanyl 17 Norcodeine 2 Methadone 75 000 Oxycodone 6 575 Morphine 900 Pholcodine 62 400 Pethidine 9 000 Remifentanil 4 Remifentanil 3 Sufentanil 19 Mexico Mozambique Alfentanil 1 Codeine 25 300 Alphaprodine 1 Diphenoxylate 5 500 Anileridine 1 Etorphine 5 Bezitramide 1 Fentanyl 400 Cannabis 1 Morphine 17 000 Cannabis resin 1 Pethidine 13 000 Coca leaf 1 Pholcodine 700 Cocaine 26 Myanmar Codeine 441 330 Codeine 125 137 Dextromoramide 1 Etorphine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 044 007 Fentanyl 51 Difenoxin 1 Methadone 934 098 Dihydrocodeine 1 Morphine 10 066 Diphenoxylate 1 Opium 6 500 000 Dipipanone 1 Oxycodone 5 000 Etorphine 11 Pethidine 34 648 Fentanyl 7 445 Sufentanil 10 Heroin 15 Namibia Hydrocodone 6 Alfentanil 12 Hydromorphone 10 975 Cocaine 500 Ketobemidone 1 Codeine 1 350 Levorphanol 1 Dihydrocodeine 10 Methadone 607 400 Dipipanone 10 Morphine 322 500 Etorphine 50 Opium 2 Fentanyl 100 Oripavine 1 Hydromorphone 350 Oxycodone 264 652 Methadone 15 Oxymorphone 1 Morphine 10 000

-14-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Oxycodone 1 500 Dextromoramide 14 Pethidine 15 000 Dextropropoxyphene 40 Remifentanil 15 Difenoxin 3 Sufentanil 2 Dihydrocodeine 250 000 Tilidine 700 Diphenoxylate 10 Nauru Dipipanone 1 Codeine 60 Ethylmorphine 100 Fentanyl 1 Etorphine 3 Morphine 10 Fentanyl 5 000 Oxycodone 6 Heroin 10 Pethidine 80 Hydrocodone 1 Nepal Hydromorphone 35 Codeine 350 000 Methadone 500 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 000 Morphine 280 000 Etorphine 3 Opium 15 000 Fentanyl 200 Oxycodone 230 000 Methadone 30 000 Oxymorphone 5 Morphine 25 000 Pethidine 30 000 Pethidine 30 000 Pholcodine 56 000 Pholcodine 1 000 Remifentanil 120 Netherlands Sufentanil 1 AH-7921 1 Thebaine 400 Alfentanil 220 Nicaragua Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 25 350 Alphaprodine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 25 350 Anileridine 1 Fentanyl 338 Cannabis 600 000 Morphine 14 040 Coca leaf 50 000 Oxycodone 10 400 Cocaine 15 000 Niger* Codeine 265 000 Codeine 12 000 Dextromoramide 150 Fentanyl 9 Difenoxin 1 Morphine 12 000 Dihydrocodeine 100 Pethidine 11 000 Dihydroetorphine 1 Nigeria Dipipanone 1 Cocaine 375 Ecgonine 5 Codeine 4 240 000 Ethylmorphine 100 Dihydrocodeine 30 000 Etorphine 5 Diphenoxylate 20 000 Fentanyl 43 000 Etorphine 8 Heroin 160 000 Fentanyl 38 Hydrocodone 125 Hydromorphone 1 000 Hydromorphone 5 000 Methadone 5 000 Methadone 300 000 Morphine 36 000 Morphine 200 000 Oxycodone 5 000 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Oxymorphone 5 000 Nicomorphine 500 Pethidine 36 000 Opium 5 000 Pholcodine 30 000 Oripavine 5 000 Niue Oxycodone 800 000 Codeine 30 Oxymorphone 500 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 15 000 Morphine 2 Pholcodine 50 100 Oxycodone 1 Piritramide 15 000 Pethidine 15 Racemoramide 1 Norfolk Island Remifentanil 700 Fentanyl 3 Sufentanil 65 Hydromorphone 1 Thebaine 20 Morphine 4 Tilidine 10 Oxycodone 50 New Caledonia Norway Alfentanil 3 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Cocaine 5 Alfentanil 300 Codeine 5 Cannabis 100 000 Fentanyl 300 Cannabis resin 5 Hydromorphone 100 Cocaine 2 300 Methadone 300 Codeine 7 000 500 Morphine 5 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 3 000 AMA 31 000 000 Remifentanil 20 Desomorphine 1 Sufentanil 5 Dextropropoxyphene 26 New Zealand Dihydrocodeine 1 Alfentanil 109 Diphenoxylate 1 Cannabis 6 000 Ecgonine 1 Cannabis resin 5 Ethylmorphine 2 025 Cocaine 4 000 Etorphine 2 Codeine 1 400 000 Fentanyl 8 220

-15-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Heroin 10 Hydrocodone 2 Hydrocodone 100 Hydromorphone 2 Hydromorphone 4 168 Levorphanol 2 Ketobemidone 15 500 Methadone 10 Levorphanol 1 Morphine 30 000 Methadone 112 000 Oxycodone 5 Morphine 2 129 000 Oxymorphone 2 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Pethidine 5 000 Norcodeine 1 Remifentanil 500 Normorphine 1 Peru Opium 12 000 Cocaine 500 000 Oxycodone 390 000 Codeine 730 000 Oxymorphone 1 Etorphine 1 Para-fluorofentanyl 1 Fentanyl 10 000 Pethidine 21 415 Methadone 1 500 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Morphine 60 000 Pholcodine 1 Oxycodone 70 000 Remifentanil 968 Pethidine 50 000 Sufentanil 2 Remifentanil 2 000 Thebaine 2 Philippines Oman Cocaine 2 Alfentanil 1 Codeine 2 Codeine 4 662 721 Fentanyl 600 Dihydrocodeine 36 Methadone 2 Fentanyl 683 Morphine 50 000 Heroin 1 Oxycodone 30 000 Levorphanol 1 Pethidine 30 000 Methadone 535 Remifentanil 100 Morphine 5 973 Poland Pethidine 14 478 Alfentanil 7 Remifentanil 68 Cannabis 70 000 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 150 Pakistan Codeine 7 500 000 Codeine 2 000 000 Codeine-N-oxide 6 Diphenoxylate 1 024 000 Dihydrocodeine 70 000 Fentanyl 750 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Morphine 20 000 Ecgonine 2 Oxycodone 75 Ethylmorphine 50 000 Pethidine 40 000 Etorphine 100 Pholcodine 3 000 000 Fentanyl 20 000 Palau Heroin 60 Codeine 600 Hydrocodone 300 Fentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 300 Hydrocodone 15 Methadone 560 000 Methadone 10 Methadone intermediate 5 Morphine 85 Morphine 700 000 Oxycodone 300 Morphine-N-oxide 5 Pethidine 330 Norcodeine 5 Panama Opium 100 000 Cocaine 1 Oripavine 20 Codeine 20 000 Oxycodone 300 000 Fentanyl 600 Pethidine 100 000 Heroin 1 Pethidine intermediate B 5 Morphine 8 000 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Oxycodone 5 000 Pholcodine 20 000 Pethidine 6 000 Remifentanil 350 Remifentanil 200 Sufentanil 35 Papua New Guinea Thebaine 300 Codeine 6 125 Tilidine 460 000 Dextropropoxyphene 133 Portugal Fentanyl 30 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Methadone 3 Alfentanil 400 Morphine 7 336 Cocaine 5 000 Oxycodone 800 Codeine 2 000 000 Pethidine 29 267 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Paraguay Desomorphine 1 Alfentanil 120 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Alphameprodine 2 Dihydrocodeine 1 Cannabis 5 Ecgonine 1 Cocaine 5 Ethylmorphine 1 Codeine 400 000 Etorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 15 000 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 2 500 Hydromorphone 24 000 Heroin 2 Levomethorphan 1

-16-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Methadone 500 000 Normethadone 1 Morphine 70 000 Oxycodone 37 500 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Oxymorphone 1 Oxycodone 12 000 Pethidine 41 250 Pethidine 40 000 Phenoperidine 1 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Remifentanil 30 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Sufentanil 4 Remifentanil 300 Thebaine 1 Sufentanil 50 Thiofentanyl 1 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 3 675 Qatar Russian Federation Codeine 810 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 300 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Diphenoxylate 10 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Etorphine 2 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 125 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Methadone 165 Cocaine 1 000 Morphine 4 500 Codeine 2 010 000 Oxycodone 140 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Pethidine 900 Dihydrocodeine 140 000 Remifentanil 115 Ecgonine 1 Republic of Korea Fentanyl 20 000 Alfentanil 85 Hydrocodone 1 Cocaine 200 Hydromorphone 1 Codeine 626 780 Methadone 1 Dihydrocodeine 5 394 288 Morphine 250 000 Fentanyl 21 002 Oxycodone 50 000 Hydrocodone 9 562 Oxymorphone 1 Hydromorphone 17 727 Pethidine 1 Morphine 181 465 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Oxycodone 654 708 Racemoramide 1 Pethidine 265 089 Remifentanil 2 Remifentanil 5 331 Sufentanil 1 Sufentanil 23 Thebaine 2 000 Republic of Moldova Thiofentanyl 1 Cocaine 600 Trimeperidine 350 000 Codeine 70 000 Rwanda Fentanyl 700 Codeine 1 200 Heroin 700 Etorphine 10 Morphine 16 000 Fentanyl 320 Thebaine 500 Methadone 100 Trimeperidine 11 200 Morphine 8 700 Romania* Pethidine 5 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Saint Helena 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 300 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 1 Alfentanil 1 Morphine 33 Alphacetylmethadol 1 Pethidine 8 Alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 1 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 1 Saint Kitts and Nevis* Benzylmorphine 1 Codeine 38 Betacetylmethadol 1 Etorphine 1 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 1 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 8 Cannabis 7 500 Morphine 634 Cannabis resin 4 Pethidine 2 475 Coca leaf 1 Saint Lucia Cocaine 4 Codeine 2 540 Codeine 900 000 Fentanyl 3 Desomorphine 1 Hydrocodone 8 Dextromoramide 1 Methadone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Morphine 336 Dihydrocodeine 67 500 Pethidine 1 233 Ecgonine 2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Ethylmorphine 1 Cannabis 2 Etorphine 1 Cocaine 10 Fentanyl 3 375 Codeine 8 000 Heroin 2 Fentanyl 2 Hydrocodone 1 Morphine 2 600 Hydromorphone 1 Pethidine 4 470 Levorphanol 1 Samoa Methadone 37 500 Codeine 100 Morphine 60 000 Fentanyl 1 Nicomorphine 1 Methadone 300

-17-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Morphine 250 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 23 Etorphine 1 Pethidine 230 Fentanyl 1 500 Sao Tome and Principe* Heroin 10 Morphine 180 Hydrocodone 10 Pethidine 150 Hydromorphone 200 Saudi Arabia Levomethorphan 1 Alfentanil 50 Methadone 400 Cannabis 25 Morphine 10 000 Codeine 825 055 MT-45 1 Dextropropoxyphene 10 000 Oxycodone 10 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 700 Oxymorphone 1 Etorphine 10 Pethidine 20 000 Fentanyl 9 000 Pholcodine 15 000 Hydromorphone 15 400 Remifentanil 100 Methadone 8 000 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 210 000 Thebaine 1 Oxycodone 16 000 Tilidine 1 Oxymorphone 4 000 Sint Maarten Pethidine 60 000 Alfentanil 3 Remifentanil 92 Cannabis 1 Sufentanil 11 Codeine 4 000 Senegal Fentanyl 50 Alfentanil 10 Hydrocodone 1 Cocaine 400 Methadone 20 Codeine 870 000 Morphine 700 Etorphine 2 Nicomorphine 2 Fentanyl 26 Oxycodone 200 Methadone 19 000 Pethidine 400 Morphine 63 570 Piritramide 100 Opium 620 000 Remifentanil 1 Sufentanil 1 Sufentanil 1 Serbia Slovakia Alfentanil 115 Alfentanil 20 700 Codeine 100 000 Cocaine 200 Fentanyl 3 615 Codeine 3 835 500 Hydromorphone 2 520 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 90 000 ATA 2 999 700 Methadone intermediate 2 Fentanyl 6 000 Morphine 65 906 Hydrocodone 3 Morphine-N-oxide 6 Hydromorphone 6 500 Oxycodone 8 900 Methadone 1 350 000 Pethidine 300 Methadone intermediate 1 480 000 Pholcodine 9 800 Morphine 20 055 000 Remifentanil 11 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Sufentanil 6 Oxycodone 674 000 Seychelles Oxymorphone 2 Cannabis 5 Pethidine 1 340 000 Cannabis resin 3 Pholcodine 2 Cocaine 3 Piritramide 161 000 Codeine 8 000 Remifentanil 5 000 Fentanyl 3 Sufentanil 1 200 Heroin 2 Thebaine 2 000 000 Methadone 2 000 Tilidine 2 000 000 Morphine 850 Slovenia Pethidine 500 Alfentanil 30 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 3 000 Sierra Leone Codeine 200 000 Cannabis 5 000 Codeine-N-oxide 10 Cannabis resin 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Codeine 3 000 Fentanyl 6 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Heroin 5 Fentanyl 5 Hydrocodone 5 Morphine 5 000 Hydromorphone 6 000 Pethidine 10 000 Methadone 80 000 Singapore Morphine 150 000 Alfentanil 30 Oxycodone 390 000 Cannabis 10 Pethidine 1 000 Cannabis resin 5 Pholcodine 60 000 Cocaine 400 Piritramide 4 000 Codeine 1 000 000 Remifentanil 2 000 Desomorphine 1 Sufentanil 5 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Solomon Islands Dihydrocodeine 1 Codeine 283 Diphenoxylate 200 000 Fentanyl 9

-18-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Morphine 520 Methadone 135 Oxycodone 20 Morphine 30 000 Pethidine 1 800 Opium 110 000 Somalia* Pethidine 16 000 Codeine 17 500 Remifentanil 1 Methadone 15 700 Sudan* Morphine 14 500 Fentanyl 26 Pethidine 15 700 Morphine 32 000 South Africa Pethidine 30 000 Alfentanil 610 Suriname* Cocaine 5 100 Cocaine 15 Codeine 6 022 800 Codeine 7 500 Conc. of poppy straw Fentanyl 30 AMA 20 168 000 Morphine 538 Dextromoramide 2 Pethidine 100 Dihydrocodeine 120 650 Remifentanil 1 Diphenoxylate 2 Sufentanil 1 Etorphine 87 Swaziland Fentanyl 350 000 Alfentanil 1 Heroin 5 Codeine 2 730 Hydrocodone 2 Dihydrocodeine 800 Hydromorphone 9 500 Fentanyl 2 Levorphanol 1 Methadone 1 Methadone 35 230 Morphine 8 600 Morphine 9 901 230 Pethidine 3 753 Norcodeine 1 Tilidine 90 Normorphine 1 Sweden Opium 150 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Oripavine 3 Alfentanil 1 300 Oxycodone 65 110 Alphaprodine 2 Pethidine 610 000 Cannabis 32 000 Pholcodine 150 000 Cocaine 3 500 Remifentanil 10 000 Codeine 900 000 Sufentanil 35 Desomorphine 1 Thebaine 16 000 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Tilidine 80 000 Diphenoxylate 5 South Sudan* Ecgonine 1 Fentanyl 3 Ethylmorphine 650 000 Morphine 10 000 Etorphine 5 Pethidine 13 000 Fentanyl 35 000 Spain Heroin 5 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydrocodone 122 Alfentanil 250 Hydromorphone 15 000 Cannabis 400 000 Ketobemidone 25 000 Cocaine 4 000 Levomethorphan 1 Codeine 10 200 000 Levorphanol 1 Codeine-N-oxide 3 Methadone 230 000 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 700 000 ACA 13 860 603 MPPP 1 AMA 116 507 816 Opium 20 000 AOA 2 378 615 Oxycodone 840 000 ATA 79 963 605 Oxymorphone 1 Dihydrocodeine 30 000 Pethidine 18 000 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Pholcodine 5 Etorphine 2 Remifentanil 1 000 Fentanyl 150 000 Sufentanil 60 Heroin 5 000 Tilidine 100 Hydrocodone 1 000 Switzerland Hydromorphone 40 000 Alfentanil 200 Levomethorphan 1 Cannabis 160 000 Methadone 2 000 000 Cocaine 4 000 Morphine 12 500 000 Codeine 600 000 Oripavine 1 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Oxycodone 800 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxymorphone 1 AMA 3 500 000 Pethidine 3 000 000 AOA 19 000 000 Pholcodine 2 000 Dextromoramide 1 Remifentanil 15 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Sufentanil 1 000 Difenoxin 1 Thebaine 1 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 001 Sri Lanka Diphenoxylate 1 Alfentanil 1 Ecgonine 1 Cocaine 450 Ethylmorphine 1 100 Codeine 230 000 Etorphine 2 Fentanyl 40 Fentanyl 22 000

-19-

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Heroin 290 000 Thebacon 1 Hydrocodone 2 500 Thebaine 1 Hydromorphone 17 500 Tilidine 1 Methadone 15 000 000 The former Yugoslav Rep. of Macedonia Morphine 1 190 000 Codeine 2 500 092 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Conc. of poppy straw Nicomorphine 1 200 AMA 2 250 000 Opium 60 000 Ethylmorphine 50 Oripavine 15 000 000 Methadone 400 000 Oxycodone 430 000 Morphine 2 300 077 Oxymorphone 2 500 000 Oripavine 50 Pethidine 61 000 Oxycodone 91 010 Pholcodine 1 Pholcodine 242 000 Piritramide 1 Thebaine 40 052 Remifentanil 800 Timor -Leste Sufentanil 20 Codeine 568 Thebaine 23 000 000 Fentanyl 1 Tilidine 30 000 Pethidine 3 306 Syrian Arab Republic Togo Alfentanil 20 Alfentanil 1 Codeine 2 000 000 Fentanyl 15 Diphenoxylate 100 000 Morphine 2 000 Fentanyl 350 Pethidine 5 000 Hydrocodone 50 000 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 8 000 Tonga Oxycodone 125 000 Codeine 2 000 Pethidine 100 000 Fentanyl 300 Remifentanil 500 Morphine 300 Sufentanil 30 Pethidine 500 Tajikistan Pholcodine 500 Cocaine 1 280 Trinidad and Tobago Codeine 449 920 Alfentanil 20 Ethylmorphine 6 400 Cannabis 5 Etorphine 5 Cannabis resin 5 Fentanyl 38 Coca leaf 5 Methadone 30 660 Cocaine 1 000 Morphine 3 840 Codeine 5 000 Trimeperidine 32 000 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Thailand Fentanyl 50 Alfentanil 1 Heroin 20 Bezitramide 1 Hydrocodone 1 000 Cannabis 3 Hydromorphone 1 000 Cannabis resin 3 Methadone 100 Cocaine 2 000 Morphine 30 000 Codeine 700 000 Opium 1 000 Dextromoramide 1 Oxycodone 1 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oxymorphone 1 000 Difenoxin 1 Pethidine 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Pholcodine 500 Diphenoxylate 25 001 Remifentanil 40 Dipipanone 1 Tristan da Cunha* Ecgonine 1 Codeine 600 Ethylmorphine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 225 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 2 000 Morphine 4 Heroin 5 Pethidine 1 Hydrocodone 1 Pholcodine 38 Hydromorphone 1 Tilidine 1 Ketobemidone 1 Tunisia Levorphanol 1 Alfentanil 15 Methadone 100 000 Alphaprodine 1 Morphine 250 000 Anileridine 1 Morphine-N-oxide 2 Bezitramide 1 Nicomorphine 1 Cocaine 3 Normethadone 1 Codeine 2 700 000 Normorphine 1 Dextromoramide 1 Opium 1 500 000 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Oripavine 1 Difenoxin 1 Oxycodone 8 000 Dihydrocodeine 2 Oxymorphone 1 Diphenoxylate 3 Pethidine 200 000 Dipipanone 2 Phenoperidine 1 Ecgonine 1 Pholcodine 1 Ethylmorphine 18 000 Remifentanil 70 Etorphine 2 Sufentanil 1 Fentanyl 570

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Heroin 3 Dihydrocodeine 85 Hydrocodone 2 Fentanyl 50 Hydromorphone 1 Heroin 2 Ketobemidone 1 Hydrocodone 3 Levorphanol 1 Hydromorphone 1 Methadone 3 Morphine 183 Morphine 30 000 Oxycodone 390 Nicomorphine 1 Pethidine 250 Normethadone 2 Tuvalu* Normorphine 1 Codeine 23 Opium 5 Fentanyl 1 Oripavine 1 Morphine 29 Oxycodone 1 Pethidine 15 Oxymorphone 1 Uganda Pethidine 3 000 Codeine 150 500 Phenoperidine 1 Etorphine 5 Pholcodine 3 000 Fentanyl 35 Remifentanil 932 Morphine 200 000 Sufentanil 10 Oxycodone 20 000 Thebacon 1 Pethidine 95 000 Thebaine 2 Remifentanil 2 Tilidine 1 Ukraine Turkey Codeine 3 948 356 Alfentanil 2 Fentanyl 1 608 Alphaprodine 2 Hydrocodone 500 Anileridine 2 Methadone 1 280 795 Bezitramide 2 Morphine 283 431 Cannabis 300 Oxycodone 450 Cannabis resin 6 Thebaine 236 Coca leaf 1 Trimeperidine 246 400 Cocaine 1 000 United Arab Emirates Codeine 2 420 000 Alfentanil 16 Conc. of poppy straw Codeine 201 500 ACA 205 000 Diphenoxylate 500 AMA 3 485 000 Etorphine 15 Dextromoramide 2 Fentanyl 951 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Hydrocodone 400 Difenoxin 2 Hydromorphone 450 Dihydrocodeine 2 Methadone 300 Diphenoxylate 30 000 Morphine 7 900 Dipipanone 1 Oxycodone 1 500 Ethylmorphine 10 000 Pethidine 16 500 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 801 Fentanyl 22 000 Sufentanil 6 Heroin 2 United Kingdom Hydrocodone 2 3-Methylfentanyl 7 Hydromorphone 2 500 Alfentanil 14 339 Ketobemidone 2 Alpha-methylfentanyl 5 Levorphanol 2 Cannabis 19 762 Methadone 2 Cannabis resin 10 Morphine 100 000 Cocaine 330 480 Nicomorphine 2 Codeine 70 473 453 Normethadone 2 Conc. of poppy straw Opium 5 000 ACA 25 004 000 Oripavine 1 AMA 103 202 447 Oxycodone 40 000 Dextromoramide 4 Oxymorphone 2 Dextropropoxyphene 802 336 Pethidine 250 000 Dihydrocodeine 9 783 316 Phenoperidine 1 Diphenoxylate 39 078 Pholcodine 1 Dipipanone 425 Piritramide 1 Ecgonine 2 Remifentanil 3 200 Ethylmorphine 7 Sufentanil 1 Etorphine 11 Thebacon 1 Fentanyl 146 203 Thebaine 2 Heroin 60 241 Tilidine 2 Hydrocodone 1 Turkmenistan Hydromorphone 3 147 Codeine 2 000 Ketobemidone 10 Fentanyl 26 Levomethorphan 5 Morphine 6 230 Levorphanol 57 Piritramide 2 000 Methadone 3 307 570 Remifentanil 1 000 Morphine 4 799 588 Trimeperidine 20 245 Norcodeine 5 Turks and Caicos Islands Normorphine 5 Codeine 700 Opium 10 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Oripavine 5 Pethidine intermediate A 5 Oxycodone 2 500 000 Pethidine intermediate B 30 Oxymorphone 2 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Para-fluorofentanyl 5 Phenazocine 5 Pethidine 750 000 Phenomorphan 2 Pholcodine 1 246 292 Racemethorphan 5 Piritramide 3 Racemorphan 5 Racemoramide 5 Remifentanil 3 000 Remifentanil 4 000 Sufentanil 2 000 Sufentanil 18 Thebaine 90 000 000 Thebaine 50 000 000 Thiofentanyl 25 Thiofentanyl 7 Tilidine 25 Tilidine 25 Trimeperidine 2 United Republic of Tanzania Uruguay Codeine 30 000 Alfentanil 1 Etorphine 20 Cannabis 211 750 Fentanyl 20 Cannabis resin 2 Methadone 300 000 Cocaine 1 Morphine 30 000 Codeine 93 200 United States of America Ethylmorphine 3 000 3-Methylfentanyl 30 Fentanyl 348 3-Methylthiofentanyl 30 Heroin 1 Acetorphine 2 Hydrocodone 1 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 30 Methadone 1 216 Acetylmethadol 2 Morphine 27 324 Alfentanil 2 700 Oxycodone 100 Alphacetylmethadol 2 Pethidine 5 000 Alphameprodine 2 Remifentanil 114 Alphamethadol 2 Sufentanil 1 Alpha-methylfentanyl 30 Thebaine 1 Alpha-methylthiofentanyl 30 Uzbekistan Alphaprodine 2 Codeine 400 Betacetylmethadol 2 Fentanyl 50 Beta-hydroxy-3-methyl fentanyl 30 Morphine 5 500 Beta-Hydroxyfentanyl 30 Thebaine 30 Betameprodine 2 Trimeperidine 9 000 Betamethadol 2 Vanuatu Betaprodine 2 Codeine 168 Cannabis 33 472 000 Fentanyl 2 Coca leaf 175 000 000 Morphine 217 Cocaine 25 000 Oxycodone 7 Codeine 56 000 000 Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of) Conc. of poppy straw Codeine 600 000 ACA 39 802 837 Fentanyl 3 700 AMA 75 316 068 Methadone 20 250 AOA 45 036 231 Morphine 200 000 ATA 243 999 801 Oxycodone 100 000 Dextropropoxyphene 35 Remifentanil 2 700 Difenoxin 8 750 Viet Nam* Dihydrocodeine 70 000 Alfentanil 750 Diphenoxylate 835 000 Codeine 9 000 000 Dipipanone 5 Dihydrocodeine 90 000 Ecgonine 70 000 Ethylmorphine 1 500 Ethylmorphine 3 Fentanyl 600 Etorphine 30 Hydrocodone 15 000 Fentanyl 1 428 000 Hydromorphone 15 Heroin 45 Methadone 2 250 000 Hydrocodone 53 562 000 Morphine 165 000 Hydromorphone 4 500 000 Oxycodone 45 000 2 Pethidine 90 000 Isomethadone 30 Remifentanil 750 Levo-A-acetylmethadol 5 Sufentanil 8 Levomethorphan 30 Wallis and Futuna Islands Levorphanol 12 900 Alfentanil 1 Metazocine 15 Codeine 700 Methadone 23 700 000 Fentanyl 4 Methadone intermediate 25 600 000 Morphine 30 Morphine 48 500 000 Opium 900 Noracymethadol 2 Remifentanil 3 Norlevorphanol 55 Sufentanil 1 Normethadone 2 Yemen Oripavine 18 500 000 Codeine 30 000 Oxycodone 62 600 000 Fentanyl 70 Oxymorphone 16 800 000 Hydromorphone 2 000 Pethidine 2 891 000 Morphine 3 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2018 (Updated on 12.01.2018 )

Pethidine 15 000 Pholcodine 24 000 Remifentanil 3 Sufentanil 3 Zambia Codeine 14 000 Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 Dihydrocodeine 600 Diphenoxylate 600 Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 100 Morphine 9 000 Pethidine 35 000 Pholcodine 100 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 1 Zimbabwe Alfentanil 2 Codeine 607 000 Diphenoxylate 300 Dipipanone 5 Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 50 Hydromorphone 100 Methadone 5 Morphine 12 000 Opium 55 000 Oxycodone 30 Pethidine 109 000 Pholcodine 3 500 Sufentanil 2 Tilidine 3 500

Note: ACA stands for anhydrous codeine alkaloid; AMA stands for anhydrous morphine alkaloid; AOA stands for anhydrous oripavine alkaloid; and ATA stands for anhydrous thebaine alkaloid.

Other countries: Cocos (Keeling) Islands See Christmas Islands Holy See See Italy Liechtenstein See Switzerland Monaco See France San Marino See Italy Names of territories are in italics. *Annual estimates were established by the Board.

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Countries and areas are referred to by the names that were in official use at the time the relevant data were collected.

Les appellations employées dans cette publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent n’impliquent de la part du Secrétariat de l’Organisation des Nations Unies aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou limites. Les noms de pays ou de zones figurant dans le présent document sont ceux qui étaient officiellement en usage au moment où les données ont été recueillies.

Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la Secretaría de las Naciones Unidas, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. Los países y zonas se mencionan por el nombre oficialmente utilizado en el momento en que se recopilaron los datos pertinentes. ______

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