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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Afghanistan 50 50 000 Cannabis resin 1 10 000 Coca leaf 1 5 000 15 1 Codeine 650 000 20 000 Codeine -N-oxide 1 8 000 1 90 000 Dextropropoxyphene 200 000 40 000 1 Albania 1 Cocaine 1 Diphenoxylate 1 Codeine 1 189 000 1 Fentanyl 300 Ecgonine 2 1 1 Methadone 7 000 1 Morphine 7 800 Fentanyl 17 000 2 000 Heroin 1 Pethidine 2 700 10 000 Pholcodine 1 500 4 000 9 1 2 1 Algeria Methadone 100 000 350 Morphine 1 550 000 Codeine 2 500 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Etorphine 1 1 Fentanyl 500 1 Methadone 4 000 1 Morphine 9 000 1 Oxycodone 4 000 10 Pethidine 3 000 1 Pholcodine 1 500 000 Oxycodone 60 000 Remifentanil 1 1 Sufentanil 30 Pethidine 50 000 Andorra 1 Cannabis 2 000 Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 100 1 Methadone 1 000 Remifentanil 20 000 Morphine 500 Sufentanil 10 Oxycodone 2 000 1 Pethidine 500 70 000 Remifentanil 4 1 Angola Armenia Alfentanil 20 Codeine 3 000 Codeine 21 600 Fentanyl 40 Dextromoramide 188 Methadone 13 500 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Morphine 7 500 Dihydrocodeine 500 Thebaine 15 Diphenoxylate 300 1 500 Fentanyl 63 Aruba* Methadone 2 000 Alfentanil 3 Morphine 21 500 1 Pethidine 12 800 Cocaine 70 Sufentanil 22 Codeine 85 Anguilla Dextromoramide 1 Codeine 500 Dextropropoxyphene 85 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 200 Morphine 20 Hydrocodone 2 Pethidine 300 Methadone 150 Remifentanil 1 Morphine 540 Antigua and Barbuda* Opium 450 Cocaine 9 Oxycodone 400 Codeine 169 Pethidine 404 Dihydrocodeine 15 Piritramide 124 Diphenoxylate 28 Remifentanil 19 Fentanyl 1 Ascension Island Morphine 6 Alfentanil 1 Oxycodone 2 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 338 Morphine 1 Remifentanil 1 Pethidine 3 Sufentanil 1 Australia Argentina 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Alfentanil 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Alphaprodine 1 2 1 Alfentanil 800 Bezitramide 1 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Cannabis 25 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Cocaine 8 500 Fentanyl 20 Codeine 6 275 000 Heroin 1 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Hydrocodone 1 Conc. of Hydromorphone 1 ACA 4 300 Methadone 1 AMA 35 481 600 Morphine 1 300 AOA 4 250 Oxycodone 1 500 ATA 21 004 200 Oxymorphone 1 1 Pethidine 6 000 Dextromoramide 5 Remifentanil 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Sufentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 160 000 Thebaine 1 Diphenoxylate 35 000 Tilidine 1 Dipipanone 1 Bahrain Ecgonine 1 Etorphine 4 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 130 Fentanyl 33 000 Methadone 160 Heroin 1 Morphine 7 000 Hydrocodone 100 Oxycodone 2 000 Hydromorphone 71 000 Pethidine 7 000 Methadone 1 250 000 Remifentanil 250 Morphine 6 000 000 Bangladesh Oripavine 1 Fentanyl 650 Oxycodone 3 000 000 Methadone 40 000 Oxymorphone 1 000 Morphine 100 000 Pethidine 50 000 Oxycodone 10 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Oxymorphone 100 000 Pholcodine 1 500 550 Pethidine 400 000 Remifentanil 800 Remifentanil 40 Sufentanil 2 Barbados Austria Cocaine 6 Alfentanil 450 Codeine 125 036 Cannabis 200 000 Dihydrocodeine 900 Cocaine 2 500 Fentanyl 24 Codeine 500 000 Heroin 1 Codeine -N-oxide 70 Hydrocodone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Hydromorphone 3 Dihydrocodeine 650 000 Methadone 48 20 Morphine 2 467 Diphenoxylate 40 Opium 1 Ecgonine 10 Oxycodone 1 Ethylmorphine 20 Pethidine 4 580 Etorphine 10 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 55 000 Sufentanil 1 Heroin 40 Belarus Hydrocodone 20 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 180 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Methadone 130 000 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Morphine 2 400 000 1 Morphine -N-oxide 30 Alfentanil 1 Nicomorphine 100 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Opium 70 000 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Oripavine 100 Alphaprodine 1 Oxycodone 450 000 Beta -hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 500 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Pethidine 1 000 Cocaine 100 Piritramide 24 000 Codeine 500 000 Remifentanil 4 500 Dextromoramide 1 Sufentanil 600 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Thebaine 110 Dihydrocodeine 1 Tilidine 100 Ecgonine 1 Azerbaijan Ethylmorphine 50 Codeine 2 000 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 60 Fentanyl 1 200 Methadone 8 000 Heroin 1 Morphine 3 600 Hydrocodone 1 Thebaine 30 Hydromorphone 3 500 Trimeperidine 2 800 Levomoramide 1 Bahamas Methadone 30 000 Alfentanil 1 Morphine 10 000 Cannabis 1 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Cannabis resin 1 MPPP 1 Cocaine 1 Norcodeine 1 Codeine 3 300 Normethadone 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Normorphine 1 Diphenoxylate 165 1 Dipipanone 2 Oxycodone 1 Etorphine 6 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 68 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Heroin 2 Pethidine 1 Hydrocodone 17 Piritramide 1 Hydromorphone 165 Remifentanil 1 Methadone 4 500 Sufentanil 2 Morphine 1 650 Thebaine 1 Oxycodone 978 1 Oxymorphone 2 Trimeperidine 30 000 Pethidine 3 300 Pholcodine 110 Acetylfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 22 AH -7921 1 Bhutan Alfentanil 358 Codeine 1 200 Cannabis 135 000 Etorphine 2 Cocaine 11 400 Fentanyl 2 Codeine 1 197 000 Morphine 900 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Pethidine 700 Conc. of poppy straw Bolivia (Plurinational State of) AMA 375 500 Codeine 321 900 Dihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 201 Ecgonine 1 Methadone 900 Ethylmorphine 176 000 Morphine 6 159 Etorphine 2 Oxycodone 637 Fentanyl 653 200 Pethidine 17 400 Heroin 1 Remifentanil 865 Hydrocodone 75 Bosnia and Herzegovina Hydromorphone 5 600 Alfentanil 19 Methadone 480 450 Cannabis 2 Morphine 101 000 Cannabis resin 2 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Cocaine 2 MT -45 1 Codeine 3 012 Nicomorphine 1 Fentanyl 1 256 Norcodeine 1 Heroin 2 Normorphine 1 Methadone 21 650 Opium 80 000 Morphine 5 119 Oripavine 1 Oxycodone 4 Oxycodone 300 000 Pethidine 412 Pethidine 34 850 Pholcodine 17 871 Pholcodine 54 350 Remifentanil 19 Piritramide 17 000 Sufentanil 4 Remifentanil 28 000 Thebaine 1 000 Sufentanil 80 Botswana Tilidine 1 565 000 Alfentanil 3 Belize Codeine 10 000 Cocaine 100 Dihydrocodeine 500 Codeine 12 000 Fentanyl 3 Dextropropoxyphene 4 000 Hydrocodone 200 Dihydrocodeine 50 Morphine 6 000 Diphenoxylate 50 Pethidine 10 000 Fentanyl 25 Sufentanil 2 Hydrocodone 100 Tilidine 100 Hydromorphone 100 Brazil Methadone 1 000 Alfentanil 3 551 Morphine 4 000 Alphameprodine 10 Oxycodone 250 Anileridine 10 Pethidine 4 200 Bezitramide 10 Benin Cannabis 90 120 Codeine 1 500 Cannabis resin 10 Fentanyl 500 Coca leaf 10 Methadone 500 Cocaine 162 Morphine 2 200 Codeine 7 529 476 Pethidine 4 000 Dextromoramide 10 Sufentanil 10 Dextropropoxyphene 10 Bermuda Difenoxin 10 Alfentanil 12 Dihydrocodeine 10 Cannabis 2 Diphenoxylate 10 Cannabis resin 2 Dipipanone 10 Cocaine 75 Ethylmorphine 10 Codeine 5 500 Etorphine 1 Dextromoramide 17 Fentanyl 5 092 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Heroin 10 Dihydrocodeine 2 200 Hydrocodone 10

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Hydromorphone 4 930 Sufentanil 1 Ketobemidone 10 Burundi Levorphanol 10 Codeine 5 200 Methadone 83 051 Fentanyl 2 Morphine 1 932 453 Morphine 3 580 Nicomorphine 10 Pethidine 2 500 Normethadone 10 Cabo Verde Opium 154 232 Alfentanil 1 Oripavine 10 Cannabis 15 Oxycodone 146 964 Cannabis resin 15 Oxymorphone 10 Cocaine 10 Pethidine 671 749 Codeine 2 Phenoperidine 10 Fentanyl 5 Pholcodine 10 Heroin 30 Piritramide 1 Morphine 220 Remifentanil 5 503 Pethidine 200 Sufentanil 65 Cambodia* Thebacon 10 Codeine 116 500 Thebaine 10 Fentanyl 19 Tilidine 10 Methadone 5 625 British Virgin Islands Morphine 10 000 Codeine 200 Oxycodone 2 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 Pethidine 500 Diphenoxylate 15 Cameroon* Fentanyl 1 Codeine 40 000 Hydromorphone 2 Fentanyl 5 Morphine 230 Morphine 8 000 Oxycodone 100 Pethidine 8 000 Pethidine 800 Pholcodine 1 500 Remifentanil 1 Canada Brunei Darussalam 3-Methylfentanyl 20 Alfentanil 2 3-Methylthiofentanyl 20 Codeine 5 000 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 20 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Fentanyl 60 10 Morphine 1 100 Alfentanil 150 Oxycodone 650 20 Pethidine 1 100 20 Pholcodine 1 000 Alphameprodine 20 Remifentanil 3 20 Alpha -methylfentanyl 10 Alfentanil 10 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 20 Cocaine 1 Alphaprodine 20 Codeine 4 000 000 Anileridine 20 Codeine -N-oxide 5 20 Dextromoramide 1 20 Dextropropoxyphene 500 20 Dihydrocodeine 15 000 Beta -hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Ecgonine 2 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 20 Ethylmorphine 10 000 Betameprodine 20 Fentanyl 800 20 Heroin 1 Betaprodine 20 Hydrocodone 1 5 Hydromorphone 1 20 5 Cocaine 22 000 Methadone 150 000 Codeine 19 500 000 Morphine 50 000 Desomorphine 20 Morphine -N-oxide 2 Dextromoramide 20 Normorphine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Opium 10 20 Oxycodone 40 000 20 Oxymorphone 1 Difenoxin 20 Pethidine 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 25 Piritramide 1 000 Dihydromorphine 100 Remifentanil 35 20 Sufentanil 10 20 Tilidine 10 000 20 Burkina Faso Diphenoxylate 3 000 Cannabis 10 Dipipanone 20 Cocaine 1 20 Dextromoramide 1 Ecgonine 20 Fentanyl 7 20 Heroin 1 Ethylmorphine 20 Morphine 1 500 20 Pethidine 35 Etorphine 20

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Etoxeridine 20 Morphine 187 Fentanyl 150 000 Chile 20 Alfentanil 12 Heroin 60 000 Cannabis 25 000 Hydrocodone 120 000 Cocaine 40 20 Codeine 750 000 Hydromorphone 2 500 000 Dihydrocodeine 10 Isomethadone 40 Ethylmorphine 2 000 Ketobemidone 20 Etorphine 2 20 Fentanyl 6 820 20 Hydrocodone 10 Levorphanol 25 Methadone 17 000 Methadone 3 000 000 Morphine 160 000 Methadone intermediate 16 Oxycodone 4 500 20 Oxymorphone 10 Morphine 4 000 000 Pethidine 25 000 Morphine -N-oxide 20 Remifentanil 600 MPPP 20 Sufentanil 1 Norcodeine 20 China Normethadone 12 000 Alfentanil 5 Normorphine 20 Cannabis 5 Norpipanone 20 Cocaine 5 000 Opium 5 000 Codeine 10 850 000 Oripavine 17 000 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 9 000 000 AMA 200 000 000 Oxymorphone 24 000 ATA 200 000 Para -fluorofentanyl 5 Dihydrocodeine 1 250 000 Pethidine 425 000 Diphenoxylate 3 300 000 20 Etorphine 50 20 Fentanyl 65 000 20 Hydrocodone 80 000 20 Hydromorphone 10 000 Phenoperidine 25 Methadone 3 100 000 Pholcodine 25 Morphine 10 600 000 25 Opium 10 200 000 Piritramide 20 Oripavine 50 20 Oxycodone 2 000 000 25 Oxymorphone 15 000 20 Pethidine 1 800 000 Racemethorphan 20 Pholcodine 1 010 000 20 Remifentanil 50 000 20 Sufentanil 20 000 Remifentanil 700 Thebaine 950 000 Sufentanil 300 Tilidine 200 000 Thebacon 1 China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Thebaine 25 000 Region of Thiofentanyl 20 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Tilidine 20 Alfentanil 20 Trimeperidine 20 Alphacetylmethadol 1 U-47700 5 Anileridine 1 Cayman Islands* Cannabis 4 Alfentanil 1 Cannabis resin 2 Cannabis 2 Coca leaf 2 Cocaine 11 Cocaine 7 500 Codeine 27 Codeine 4 501 000 Dihydrocodeine 15 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Fentanyl 15 Desomorphine 1 Heroin 13 Dextromoramide 5 Hydrocodone 90 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Hydromorphone 30 Dihydrocodeine 514 000 Methadone 13 Diphenoxylate 12 050 Morphine 450 Dipipanone 500 Oxycodone 338 Ecgonine 2 Oxymorphone 103 Ethylmorphine 30 050 Pethidine 1 688 Etonitazene 1 Remifentanil 2 Etorphine 4 Central African Republic* Fentanyl 250 Codeine 15 000 Heroin 15 Fentanyl 3 Hydrocodone 150 Methadone 1 500 Hydromorphone 2 000 Morphine 6 000 Levomethorphan 1 Pethidine 4 000 Levorphanol 1 Chad* Methadone 180 000 Codeine 79 Morphine 32 000 Fentanyl 128 MT -45 2

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Norcodeine 1 Cannabis resin 750 000 Normethadone 250 Cocaine 50 Normorphine 1 Codeine 2 900 000 Opium 25 000 Codeine -N-oxide 5 Oxycodone 10 500 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 000 Oxymorphone 1 Diphenoxylate 51 000 Pethidine 34 000 Ecgonine 20 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Etorphine 6 Phenazocine 1 Fentanyl 7 000 Pholcodine 5 001 000 Heroin 20 Racemethorphan 1 Hydrocodone 290 000 Remifentanil 100 Hydromorphone 20 000 Sufentanil 10 Methadone 20 000 Thebaine 2 Morphine 200 000 China, Macao Special Administrative Opium 10 Region of Oxycodone 253 000 3-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Pethidine 70 000 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 3 700 6-Monoacetylmorphine 2 Thebaine 6 1 Comoros Alfentanil 5 Fentanyl 1 Alphaprodine 2 Morphine 250 Anileridine 2 Sufentanil 1 Bezitramide 2 Congo* Cannabis 8 Codeine 3 200 Cannabis resin 8 Fentanyl 4 Carfentanyl 1 Morphine 2 200 Coca leaf 2 Pethidine 3 200 Cocaine 20 Cook Islands* Codeine 1 000 Cocaine 19 Dextromoramide 2 Codeine 124 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Fentanyl 1 Difenoxin 2 Heroin 19 Dihydrocodeine 500 Methadone 1 Diphenoxylate 30 Morphine 188 Dipipanone 2 Oxycodone 19 Ecgonine 4 Pethidine 49 Ethylmorphine 2 Costa Rica Etorphine 2 Cocaine 10 Fentanyl 70 Codeine 1 487 400 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Heroin 5 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Hydrocodone 4 Fentanyl 340 Hydromorphone 2 Heroin 10 Ketobemidone 2 Methadone 6 628 Levorphanol 2 Morphine 49 261 Methadone 10 000 Oxycodone 9 545 Morphine 5 000 Pethidine 566 Morphine -3-B-D-glucuronide 2 Côte d'Ivoire Nicomorphine 2 Cocaine 1 Norcodeine 2 Codeine 120 000 Normethadone 2 Fentanyl 80 Ocfentanyl 1 Heroin 1 Opium 2 Methadone 801 Oripavine 2 Morphine 800 Oxycodone 500 Pholcodine 30 000 Oxymorphone 2 Sufentanil 2 Pethidine 3 000 Croatia Phenoperidine 10 Cannabis 1 000 Pholcodine 4 Cannabis resin 2 000 Piritramide 2 Cocaine 800 Remifentanil 20 Codeine 420 000 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Codeine -N-oxide 150 Thebacon 2 Ecgonine 1 Thebaine 4 Fentanyl 3 Tilidine 2 Heroin 1 Christmas Island Hydrocodone 8 000 Fentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 24 500 Hydromorphone 1 Methadone 140 000 Morphine 1 Methadone intermediate 30 Oxycodone 30 Morphine 101 000 Norcodeine 133 Colombia Normorphine 300 Alfentanil 5 Oxycodone 65 000 Cannabis 1 200 000 Oxymorphone 100

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Pethidine 5 000 Desomorphine 1 Pholcodine 40 000 Dihydrocodeine 10 Piritramide 10 Dihydromorphine 5 Remifentanil 1 Ecgonine 10 Sufentanil 1 Ethylmorphine 3 000 Thebaine 30 Etorphine 3 Cuba Fentanyl 12 500 Cocaine 2 Heroin 5 Codeine 370 001 Hydrocodone 40 Diphenoxylate 279 Hydromorphone 15 000 Ecgonine 1 Methadone 25 000 Etorphine 2 Morphine 90 000 Heroin 1 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Hydrocodone 1 Norcodeine 5 Hydromorphone 1 Normorphine 10 Methadone 1 Opium 2 000 Morphine 33 751 Oripavine 5 Normorphine 2 Oxycodone 202 000 Oxycodone 1 Oxymorphone 5 Oxymorphone 1 Pethidine 40 000 Pethidine 21 075 Piritramide 12 000 Remifentanil 947 Remifentanil 25 Thebaine 1 Sufentanil 90 Curaçao Thebaine 3 606 000 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Tilidine 10 Alfentanil 5 Democratic People's Republic of Korea Bezitramide 2 Cocaine 1 000 Cannabis 3 Codeine 35 000 Cocaine 200 Etorphine 3 Codeine 10 000 Fentanyl 500 Dextromoramide 5 Methadone 20 Fentanyl 125 Morphine 25 000 Heroin 1 Opium 600 000 Hydrocodone 5 Trimeperidine 2 000 Methadone 20 Democratic Republic of the Congo Morphine 750 Alfentanil 10 Nicomorphine 5 Codeine 70 000 Opium 25 Diphenoxylate 10 000 Oxycodone 75 Fentanyl 100 Pethidine 850 Methadone 30 Piritramide 25 Morphine 40 000 Remifentanil 3 Pethidine 20 000 Sufentanil 2 Sufentanil 5 Cyprus Denmark Alfentanil 4 Alfentanil 600 Cannabis 1 Cannabis 135 000 Cannabis resin 1 Cocaine 3 600 Cocaine 2 Codeine 2 100 000 Codeine 158 000 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Dextropropoxyphene 20 000 Conc. of poppy straw Dihydrocodeine 2 000 ACA 991 800 Diphenoxylate 2 000 AMA 175 100 Etorphine 2 AOA 960 Fentanyl 300 ATA 1 153 Heroin 2 Desomorphine 1 Hydrocodone 2 Dextropropoxyphene 250 Hydromorphone 2 Dihydrocodeine 1 Methadone 400 11 Morphine 3 000 Dihydromorphine 5 Oripavine 2 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Oxycodone 280 000 Ecgonine 1 Oxymorphone 2 Ethylmorphine 570 Pethidine 7 500 Etorphine 5 Remifentanil 220 Fentanyl 16 000 Sufentanil 50 Heroin 50 000 Thebaine 2 Hydrocodone 10 000 Czechia Hydromorphone 50 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Ketobemidone 25 000 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Levorphanol 1 Alfentanil 130 Methadone 320 000 Cannabis 50 000 Methadone intermediate 1 Cannabis resin 10 Morphine 800 650 Cocaine 3 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Codeine 120 000 MPPP 1 Codeine -N-oxide 5 Nicomorphine 1 000

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019)

Norcodeine 1 Diphenoxylate 75 Opium 50 000 Fentanyl 113 Oripavine 1 140 Methadone 263 Oxycodone 400 000 Tilidine 263 Oxymorphone 800 000 Eritrea* Pethidine 50 000 Codeine 6 500 Pholcodine 25 Fentanyl 1 Remifentanil 1 700 Morphine 3 000 Sufentanil 20 Pethidine 5 000 Thebacon 5 Estonia Thebaine 1 550 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Djibouti* Cannabis 3 000 Alfentanil 1 Cannabis resin 3 Fentanyl 1 Carfentanyl 5 Morphine 820 Cocaine 900 Remifentanil 1 Codeine 1 000 Sufentanil 1 Desomorphine 1 Dominica Dihydrocodeine 500 Codeine 40 Dihydromorphine 200 Dihydrocodeine 191 Ecgonine 26 Fentanyl 1 Ethylmorphine 100 Hydrocodone 8 Etorphine 30 Morphine 78 Fentanyl 500 Pethidine 763 Heroin 3 Dominican Republic* Hydrocodone 200 Alfentanil 75 Hydromorphone 200 Codeine 150 000 Methadone 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 375 Morphine 10 000 Fentanyl 150 Opium 4 Hydrocodone 750 Oripavine 500 Hydromorphone 750 Oxycodone 16 000 Methadone 750 Oxymorphone 200 Morphine 11 250 Pethidine 4 000 Oxycodone 4 500 Remifentanil 16 Oxymorphone 375 Thebaine 900 Pethidine 1 500 Eswatini Remifentanil 75 Alfentanil 1 Ecuador Codeine 2 730 Cannabis 10 Dihydrocodeine 800 Cannabis resin 2 500 Fentanyl 2 Codeine 200 000 Methadone 1 Dihydrocodeine 200 Morphine 8 600 Diphenoxylate 30 000 Pethidine 3 753 Fentanyl 500 Tilidine 90 Methadone 500 Ethiopia Morphine 15 000 Codeine 150 000 Oxycodone 15 000 Diphenoxylate 2 000 Remifentanil 1 000 Fentanyl 40 Egypt Methadone 2 000 Codeine 400 000 Morphine 450 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Pethidine 160 000 Dihydrocodeine 3 000 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Diphenoxylate 5 000 Alfentanil 1 Fentanyl 6 500 Codeine 352 Hydrocodone 5 000 Dihydrocodeine 84 Hydromorphone 2 000 Fentanyl 6 Morphine 19 000 Heroin 18 Oxycodone 22 000 Methadone 12 Pethidine 90 000 Morphine 37 Pholcodine 200 000 Pethidine 10 Remifentanil 30 Pholcodine 10 Sufentanil 50 Remifentanil 1 El Salvador Fiji Codeine 450 000 Codeine 500 Fentanyl 300 Fentanyl 40 Hydrocodone 500 Methadone 50 Methadone 6 000 Morphine 3 000 Morphine 20 000 Oxycodone 50 Opium 13 500 Pethidine 4 000 Oxycodone 7 500 Finland Pethidine 17 500 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 135 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Equatorial Guinea* 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Cocaine 150 Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl 1 Codeine 263 AH-7921 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Alfentanil 300 Oripavine 200 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Oxycodone 24 000 000 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 200 Beta -hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Para -fluorofentanyl 3 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Pethidine 5 000 Cannabis 85 000 Phenoperidine 3 Cocaine 8 000 Pholcodine 1 001 000 Codeine 550 000 Piritramide 1 Desomorphine 1 Remifentanil 2 500 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Sufentanil 800 Dihydrocodeine 1 Thebacon 3 Ecgonine 1 Thebaine 30 001 000 Ethylmorphine 60 100 Tilidine 100 Etorphine 1 French Polynesia Fentanyl 20 000 Alfentanil 20 Heroin 1 Cannabis 1 Hydrocodone 5 Cannabis resin 20 Hydromorphone 3 500 Cocaine 50 Levomethorphan 1 Codeine 5 Methadone 80 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Morphine 80 000 Ethylmorphine 1 MPPP 1 Fentanyl 250 Norcodeine 1 Heroin 20 Normethadone 2 Hydromorphone 5 Opium 5 000 Methadone 150 Oxycodone 400 000 Morphine 3 000 Oxymorphone 1 Oxycodone 250 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Pethidine 150 Pethidine 3 000 Pholcodine 1 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Remifentanil 20 Pholcodine 5 Sufentanil 2 Remifentanil 500 Gabon Sufentanil 5 Codeine 8 000 France Fentanyl 3 3-Methylfentanyl 3 Morphine 700 Acetylfentanyl 3 Pholcodine 2 000 Alfentanil 1 500 Sufentanil 1 Alpha -methylfentanyl 3 Gambia* Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 3 Codeine 188 Alphaprodine 3 Dextropropoxyphene 71 Anileridine 3 Dihydrocodeine 71 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 3 Fentanyl 15 Bezitramide 3 Methadone 2 Cannabis 600 000 Morphine 188 Cannabis resin 200 Pethidine 563 Coca leaf 1 000 Georgia Cocaine 3 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Codeine 30 007 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine -N-oxide 5 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Conc. of poppy straw 6-Acetylmorphine 1 ACA 5 863 200 1 AMA 85 045 400 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 1 ATA 28 807 720 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Dextromoramide 3 Acetylfentanyl 1 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Acrylfentanyl 1 Difenoxin 3 AH -7921 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 000 Alfentanil 1 Diphenoxylate 100 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Dipipanone 1 000 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Ecgonine 5 Benzylmorphine 1 Ethylmorphine 302 000 Beta -hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Etorphine 1 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Fentanyl 90 000 Butyrfentanyl 1 Heroin 100 Cannabis 1 Hydrocodone 100 Cannabis resin 1 Hydromorphone 15 000 Carfentanyl 1 Ketobemidone 1 000 Cocaine 1 Levorphanol 3 Codeine 100 Methadone 1 500 000 Desomorphine 1 Morphine 84 000 000 Dextromoramide 1 Morphine -N-oxide 5 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Nicomorphine 3 Dihydrocodeine 1 Norcodeine 3 Dihydromorphine 1 Normethadone 3 Drotebanol 1 Opium 12 001 000 Ecgonine 1

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Ethylmethylthiambutene 1 Dextropropoxyphene 500 Ethylmorphine 1 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Etorphine 1 Fentanyl 15 Fentanyl 100 Heroin 2 Furanylfentanyl 1 Methadone 2 Heroin 1 Morphine 15 000 Hydrocodone 1 Opium 10 1 Oxycodone 300 Methadone 110 000 Pethidine 150 000 Methadone intermediate 1 Remifentanil 20 1 Thebaine 1 Morphine 12 000 Gibraltar MPPP 1 Alfentanil 1 MT -45 1 Cannabis 1 500 Ocfentanyl 1 Cocaine 10 Oripavine 1 Dihydrocodeine 5 Oxycodone 100 Fentanyl 150 Oxymorphone 1 Heroin 40 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Hydromorphone 5 PEPAP 1 Methadone 5 Pethidine 10 Morphine 400 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Oxycodone 900 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Pethidine 10 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Remifentanil 5 Racemethorphan 1 Greece Racemorphan 1 Alfentanil 10 320 Remifentanil 1 Cannabis 5 000 Sufentanil 1 Cocaine 10 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Codeine 640 000 Thebaine 1 Fentanyl 15 500 Thiofentanyl 1 Methadone 67 500 Tilidine 1 Morphine 3 700 Trimeperidine 900 Oxycodone 11 000 U-47700 1 Oxymorphone 1 000 Pethidine 28 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Piritramide 79 001 Alfentanil 1 800 Remifentanil 1 500 Cannabis 8 800 000 Sufentanil 970 Cocaine 2 000 Grenada Codeine 12 520 000 Codeine 99 Desomorphine 1 Fentanyl 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 000 Methadone 1 Dihydrocodeine 70 020 Morphine 57 Diphenoxylate 50 Oxycodone 2 Dipipanone 1 Pethidine 435 Ecgonine 5 Guatemala Etorphine 2 Alfentanil 2 Fentanyl 750 000 Codeine 200 000 Heroin 200 000 Diphenoxylate 8 000 Hydrocodone 200 Fentanyl 350 Hydromorphinol 1 Hydrocodone 10 000 Hydromorphone 600 000 Methadone 3 000 Ketobemidone 1 000 Morphine 8 000 Levomethorphan 1 Oxycodone 18 000 Methadone 1 800 000 Pethidine 30 000 Morphine 1 800 000 Remifentanil 8 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Guinea MPPP 1 Codeine 4 500 Norcodeine 1 Fentanyl 100 Normorphine 1 Morphine 1 500 Opium 450 000 Pethidine 6 500 Oripavine 7 500 500 Guinea -Bissau* Oxycodone 3 500 000 Fentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 3 001 000 Morphine 1 500 Pethidine 435 000 Pethidine 1 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Guyana Pholcodine 10 Cocaine 2 Piritramide 130 000 Codeine 84 801 Remifentanil 9 000 Fentanyl 3 Sufentanil 1 300 Heroin 2 Thebaine 3 000 100 Hydrocodone 2 Tilidine 48 780 000 Hydromorphone 2 Ghana Methadone 2 000 Cocaine 10 Morphine 4 000 Codeine 100 000 Oxycodone 2

10

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Oxymorphone 2 Methadone 2 500 000 Pethidine 11 000 Morphine 15 650 000 Pholcodine 5 000 Morphine -N-oxide 10 Remifentanil 1 Normethadone 10 000 Haiti Normorphine 10 Codeine 870 Opium 270 000 000 Fentanyl 67 Oripavine 1 005 000 Morphine 10 895 Oxycodone 130 000 Oxycodone 486 Oxymorphone 5 Honduras Pethidine 700 000 Cocaine 4 Pholcodine 600 000 Codeine 36 000 Remifentanil 1 500 Fentanyl 263 Sufentanil 25 Heroin 4 Thebaine 2 000 000 Morphine 12 500 Tilidine 140 000 Oxycodone 4 125 Trimeperidine 300 000 Pethidine 10 000 Indonesia Hungary Codeine 4 840 000 Cannabis 1 Fentanyl 1 700 Cocaine 1 300 Heroin 4 Codeine 12 887 020 Hydromorphone 1 300 Codeine -N-oxide 5 Methadone 125 000 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 95 000 ACA 1 885 020 Oxycodone 2 700 AMA 957 030 Pethidine 110 000 AOA 32 800 Sufentanil 1 000 ATA 1 681 525 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Dextropropoxyphene 5 Alfentanil 1 200 Difenoxin 1 Alphameprodine 2 Dihydrocodeine 270 000 Anileridine 2 Diphenoxylate 15 000 Cannabis 100 Ethylmorphine 42 100 Cannabis resin 10 Fentanyl 12 570 Coca leaf 2 Heroin 1 Cocaine 100 Hydromorphone 2 700 Codeine 26 000 000 Methadone 25 500 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 14 006 900 AMA 10 000 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Dextromoramide 10 Oripavine 2 001 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Oxycodone 4 669 300 Difenoxin 2 Oxymorphone 4 000 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Pethidine 25 000 Diphenoxylate 1 200 000 Piritramide 20 Dipipanone 1 Remifentanil 4 Ethylmorphine 100 Sufentanil 5 Etorphine 2 Thebaine 11 000 000 Fentanyl 550 Iceland Heroin 50 Alfentanil 1 Hydrocodone 50 Cannabis 50 Hydromorphone 50 Codeine 125 000 Levorphanol 1 Fentanyl 500 Methadone 5 500 000 Hydromorphone 100 Morphine 35 000 Ketobemidone 600 Normethadone 1 Methadone 450 Opium 155 000 000 Morphine 9 000 Oxycodone 500 000 Oxycodone 13 000 Oxymorphone 10 Pethidine 300 Pethidine 570 000 Remifentanil 16 Pholcodine 1 Sufentanil 1 Remifentanil 700 India Sufentanil 10 Cannabis 10 Thebacon 1 Cocaine 3 Thebaine 1 000 Codeine 65 000 000 Tilidine 10 Dextropropoxyphene 11 000 000 Iraq* Difenoxin 5 Codeine 2 500 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 000 Diphenoxylate 431 250 Diphenoxylate 14 100 000 Fentanyl 225 Ecgonine 2 Morphine 8 000 Ethylmorphine 500 000 Pethidine 65 000 Etorphine 4 Remifentanil 57 Fentanyl 13 750 Ireland Heroin 3 Alfentanil 179 Hydrocodone 10 Cannabis 4 000 Hydromorphone 2 Cannabis resin 5 Levorphanol 2 000 Coca leaf 5

11

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Cocaine 2 000 Methadone intermediate 10 Codeine 5 007 400 Morphine 2 800 000 Dihydrocodeine 7 000 MPPP 2 Diphenoxylate 400 Nicomorphine 3 Ethylmorphine 5 Normethadone 2 Fentanyl 4 500 Opium 5 Heroin 5 Oripavine 1 Hydromorphone 5 000 Oxycodone 1 900 000 Methadone 250 000 Oxycodone -N-oxide 3 Methadone intermediate 5 Oxymorphone 3 500 006 Morphine 165 771 Pethidine 110 000 Morphine -N-oxide 5 Phenazocine 1 Norcodeine 1 Pholcodine 300 005 Normorphine 5 Piritramide 12 Opium 1 100 Racemoramide 6 Oripavine 5 Remifentanil 142 Oxycodone 280 000 Sufentanil 100 Pethidine 6 000 Thebacon 2 Pholcodine 137 526 Thebaine 2 000 001 Remifentanil 460 Tilidine 7 Sufentanil 1 Jamaica Thebaine 1 000 Cannabis 2 000 Tilidine 5 000 Cannabis resin 1 500 Israel Cocaine 25 Alfentanil 3 Codeine 49 477 Cannabis 11 200 000 Fentanyl 35 Cocaine 1 600 Heroin 5 Codeine 1 200 000 Methadone 300 Codeine -N-oxide 5 Morphine 8 000 Etorphine 3 Oxycodone 50 Fentanyl 19 000 Pethidine 12 000 Heroin 10 Remifentanil 5 Hydrocodone 5 Japan Hydromorphone 500 Alfentanil 5 Methadone 270 000 Cocaine 25 000 Morphine 60 000 Codeine 11 200 000 Morphine -N-oxide 5 Conc. of poppy straw Opium 40 AMA 20 001 000 Oxycodone 500 000 ATA 701 000 Pethidine 20 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Remifentanil 400 Dihydrocodeine 14 010 000 Italy Dihydromorphine 2 3-Methylfentanyl 2 Dimethylmorphine 1 Alfentanil 15 Drotebanol 1 400 Alphaprodine 2 Ethylmorphine 10 Anileridine 2 Etorphine 3 Bezitramide 2 Fentanyl 55 000 Cannabis 1 650 000 Hydrocodone 1 Cocaine 85 Hydromorphone 30 000 Codeine 26 400 000 Levorphanol 1 Codeine -N-oxide 10 Methadone 15 000 Conc. of poppy straw Morphine 11 027 000 ACA 9 000 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1 AMA 3 600 000 Opium 55 060 000 AOA 4 500 000 Oxycodone 800 000 ATA 1 600 000 Oxymorphone 3 Dextromoramide 1 Pethidine 110 000 Dextropropoxyphene 6 Racemoramide 1 Difenoxin 3 Remifentanil 12 000 Dihydrocodeine 300 015 Sufentanil 2 Dihydroetorphine 2 Thebaine 1 511 000 Dihydromorphine 5 Jordan Diphenoxylate 3 Cannabis 2 Dipipanone 3 Codeine 40 000 Ecgonine 9 Dihydrocodeine 500 Ethylmorphine 8 Fentanyl 700 Etorphine 20 Hydrocodone 200 Fentanyl 270 000 Hydromorphone 200 Heroin 44 Methadone 300 Hydrocodone 8 Morphine 65 000 Hydromorphone 80 500 Oxycodone 5 000 Ketobemidone 2 Oxymorphone 200 Levomethorphan 6 Pethidine 80 000 Levorphanol 3 Remifentanil 400 Methadone 2 800 000

12

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Cocaine 1 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 4 000 3-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Ethylmorphine 1 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Fentanyl 40 Acetyldihydrocodeine 1 Methadone 40 000 Alpha -methylfentanyl 1 Morphine 5 000 Clonitazene 1 Thebaine 1 Cocaine 1 Trimeperidine 10 000 Codeine 148 372 Lao People's Democratic Republic Desomorphine 1 Cannabis 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Cocaine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Codeine 25 000 Dihydromorphine 1 Fentanyl 9 Diphenoxylate 1 Heroin 200 Ecgonine 1 Morphine 4 500 Ethylmorphine 1 Opium 1 Fentanyl 1 466 Pethidine 7 500 Heroin 1 Latvia Hydrocodone 1 Alfentanil 8 Hydromorphone 1 Cannabis 1 Isomethadone 1 Cannabis resin 1 Methadone 30 660 Cocaine 1 Morphine 81 900 Codeine 305 Norcodeine 1 Fentanyl 1 500 Normethadone 1 Heroin 1 Normorphine 1 Hydromorphone 250 Oxycodone 1 Methadone 19 500 Pethidine 1 Morphine 6 000 Pholcodine 1 Oripavine 1 Properidine 1 Oxycodone 200 Propiram 1 Pethidine 660 Racemethorphan 1 Remifentanil 4 Sufentanil 1 Sufentanil 1 Thebaine 36 Thebaine 1 Trimeperidine 106 792 Trimeperidine 4 700 Kenya Lebanon Cannabis 1 Codeine 90 000 Cannabis resin 1 Fentanyl 300 Codeine 180 000 Morphine 8 000 Dihydrocodeine 100 000 Oxycodone 2 000 Etorphine 15 Pethidine 20 000 Fentanyl 150 Remifentanil 150 Hydrocodone 1 000 Sufentanil 3 Methadone 150 000 Lesotho Morphine 150 000 Cannabis 2 400 Oxycodone 1 000 Codeine 1 200 Pethidine 80 000 Dihydrocodeine 900 Pholcodine 50 000 Fentanyl 7 Remifentanil 50 Morphine 75 Kiribati Pethidine 2 000 Codeine 36 Tilidine 10 Fentanyl 1 Liberia Morphine 35 Codeine 3 000 Pethidine 130 Fentanyl 75 Kuwait Methadone 1 000 Alfentanil 360 Morphine 5 000 Cannabis 500 Pethidine 3 000 Cannabis resin 100 Libya Cocaine 1 Alfentanil 5 Codeine 1 100 Fentanyl 60 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Morphine 500 Diphenoxylate 1 Oxycodone 500 Fentanyl 850 Pethidine 5 000 Heroin 1 Lithuania Hydrocodone 50 Cocaine 2 Hydromorphone 200 Codeine 2 Methadone 300 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Morphine 3 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Opium 50 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 8 000 Fentanyl 1 000 Pethidine 15 000 Heroin 2 Remifentanil 700 Methadone 12 000 Sufentanil 2 Morphine 12 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1

13

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Norcodeine 1 Sufentanil 2 Oripavine 1 Malta Oxymorphone 1 Alfentanil 55 Pethidine 17 500 Cannabis 15 000 Remifentanil 10 Cocaine 1 Thebaine 1 Codeine 2 Trimeperidine 2 Fentanyl 120 Luxembourg Heroin 35 Alfentanil 8 Methadone 22 000 Cannabis 23 000 Morphine 4 500 Cocaine 400 Oxycodone 60 000 Codeine 50 Pethidine 3 500 Fentanyl 1 000 Remifentanil 6 Heroin 2 500 Sufentanil 1 Hydromorphone 750 Marshall Islands* Methadone 15 250 Codeine 97 Morphine 6 500 Fentanyl 1 Opium 300 Morphine 75 Oxycodone 6 500 Pethidine 166 Pethidine 500 Mauritania Piritramide 2 000 Codeine 6 000 Remifentanil 75 Fentanyl 20 Sufentanil 4 Morphine 6 000 Tilidine 60 000 Mauritius Madagascar Alfentanil 1 Alfentanil 33 Etorphine 1 Codeine 35 795 Fentanyl 60 Dextropropoxyphene 162 Methadone 80 000 Ethylmorphine 8 100 Morphine 1 900 Fentanyl 63 Pethidine 9 000 Morphine 4 432 Remifentanil 5 Opium 1 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine 502 Mexico Sufentanil 5 Alfentanil 1 Malawi* Alphaprodine 1 Codeine 21 825 Anileridine 1 Etorphine 1 Bezitramide 1 Methadone 15 Cannabis 12 Morphine 34 665 Cannabis resin 10 Pethidine 25 755 Coca leaf 1 Malaysia Cocaine 26 Alfentanil 10 Codeine 426 015 Cannabis 30 Dextromoramide 3 Cannabis resin 15 Dextropropoxyphene 144 015 Cocaine 6 000 Difenoxin 1 Codeine 90 001 Dihydrocodeine 1 Dihydrocodeine 100 000 Diphenoxylate 1 Diphenoxylate 90 000 Dipipanone 1 Etorphine 3 Ethylmorphine 1 Fentanyl 800 Etorphine 14 Heroin 20 Fentanyl 6 496 Hydrocodone 10 Heroin 15 Hydromorphone 10 Hydrocodone 5 Methadone 500 000 Hydromorphone 6 255 Morphine 60 000 Ketobemidone 1 Oxycodone 24 000 Levorphanol 2 Oxymorphone 10 Methadone 157 060 Pethidine 100 000 Morphine 261 800 Pholcodine 100 000 Normethadone 1 Remifentanil 150 Opium 2 Sufentanil 1 Oripavine 1 Thebaine 10 Oxycodone 71 138 Maldives Oxymorphone 10 Fentanyl 29 Pethidine 4 Methadone 2 500 Pholcodine 1 Morphine 194 Remifentanil 222 Pethidine 507 Sufentanil 57 Mali* Thebaine 1 Alfentanil 1 Tilidine 1 Codeine 4 335 Micronesia (Federated States of) Fentanyl 46 Codeine 1 172 Morphine 6 775 Fentanyl 4 Oxycodone 6 740 Morphine 154 Pethidine 124 Oxycodone 6 Remifentanil 2 Pethidine 210

14

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Mongolia Methadone 30 000 Codeine 3 996 Morphine 25 000 Fentanyl 118 Pethidine 30 000 Morphine 17 648 Pholcodine 1 000 Montenegro Netherlands Cannabis 2 AH -7921 1 Cannabis resin 1 Alfentanil 200 Cocaine 1 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 1 Codeine 1 Alphaprodine 1 Difenoxin 1 Anileridine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Cannabis 600 000 Fentanyl 260 Coca leaf 100 000 Heroin 1 Cocaine 15 000 Methadone 3 501 Codeine 270 000 Morphine 201 Dextromoramide 100 Normethadone 1 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Pethidine 135 Difenoxin 1 Remifentanil 3 Dihydrocodeine 50 100 Montserrat Dihydroetorphine 1 Codeine 38 Dipipanone 1 Fentanyl 1 Ecgonine 5 Morphine 5 Ethylmorphine 100 Pethidine 23 Etorphine 5 Morocco Fentanyl 47 000 Alfentanil 75 Heroin 125 000 Codeine 3 097 258 Hydrocodone 50 Fentanyl 720 Hydromorphone 5 500 Methadone 70 000 Methadone 300 000 Morphine 41 504 Morphine 200 000 Norcodeine 2 Morphine -N-oxide 5 Oxycodone 14 500 Nicomorphine 300 Pholcodine 157 440 Opium 3 000 Remifentanil 4 Oripavine 5 000 Sufentanil 19 Oxycodone 800 000 Mozambique Oxymorphone 500 Codeine 20 000 Pethidine 15 000 Diphenoxylate 4 000 Pholcodine 60 200 Etorphine 5 Piritramide 15 000 Fentanyl 300 Racemoramide 1 Morphine 20 000 Remifentanil 1 000 Pethidine 12 000 Sufentanil 65 Pholcodine 600 Thebaine 300 Myanmar Tilidine 10 Codeine 112 401 New Caledonia Fentanyl 51 Alfentanil 3 Methadone 770 073 Cocaine 5 Morphine 17 144 Codeine 5 Opium 5 000 000 Fentanyl 300 Oxycodone 5 000 Hydromorphone 100 Pethidine 35 629 Methadone 300 Sufentanil 10 Morphine 5 000 Namibia Oxycodone 3 000 Alfentanil 1 001 Remifentanil 20 Codeine 2 000 Sufentanil 5 Etorphine 15 New Zealand Fentanyl 130 Alfentanil 109 Hydromorphone 105 Cannabis 20 000 Methadone 12 Cannabis resin 5 Morphine 10 000 Cocaine 4 000 Oxycodone 1 000 Codeine 1 400 000 Pethidine 20 000 Dextromoramide 10 Remifentanil 10 Dextropropoxyphene 40 Sufentanil 2 Difenoxin 3 Tilidine 700 Dihydrocodeine 250 000 Nauru* Diphenoxylate 10 Codeine 45 Dipipanone 1 Fentanyl 1 Ethylmorphine 100 Morphine 8 Etorphine 3 Oxycodone 5 Fentanyl 5 000 Pethidine 60 Heroin 10 Nepal Hydrocodone 1 Codeine 350 000 Hydromorphone 35 Dextropropoxyphene 2 000 Methadone 500 000 Etorphine 3 Morphine 280 000 Fentanyl 200 Opium 15 000

15

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Oxycodone 230 000 Pethidine 20 100 Oxymorphone 5 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Pethidine 30 000 Pholcodine 1 Pholcodine 56 000 Remifentanil 500 Remifentanil 120 Sufentanil 2 Sufentanil 1 Oman Nicaragua Alfentanil 1 Codeine 32 955 Cocaine 2 Dextropropoxyphene 32 955 Codeine 13 654 449 Fentanyl 44 Dextropropoxyphene 13 Morphine 18 252 Dihydrocodeine 110 Oxycodone 13 520 Etorphine 3 Niger* Fentanyl 515 Codeine 12 000 Heroin 1 Fentanyl 9 Levorphanol 1 Morphine 12 000 Methadone 99 Pethidine 11 000 Morphine 10 912 Nigeria Pethidine 24 071 Cocaine 375 Remifentanil 94 Codeine 4 240 000 Sufentanil 1 Dihydrocodeine 30 000 Pakistan Diphenoxylate 20 000 Codeine 2 000 000 Etorphine 8 Diphenoxylate 1 024 000 Fentanyl 1 Fentanyl 750 Hydromorphone 1 000 Morphine 20 000 Methadone 5 000 Oxycodone 75 Morphine 36 000 Pethidine 40 000 Oxycodone 5 000 Pholcodine 3 000 000 Oxymorphone 5 000 Palau Pethidine 36 000 Codeine 300 Pholcodine 30 000 Fentanyl 2 Niue Hydrocodone 15 Codeine 30 Methadone 25 Fentanyl 1 Morphine 85 Morphine 2 Oxycodone 300 Oxycodone 1 Panama Pethidine 15 Cocaine 1 Norfolk Island Codeine 20 000 Codeine 15 Fentanyl 600 Fentanyl 2 Heroin 1 Hydromorphone 1 Morphine 8 000 Morphine 2 Oxycodone 5 000 Oxycodone 40 Pethidine 6 000 Norway Remifentanil 300 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Papua New Guinea* Alfentanil 300 Codeine 6 125 Cannabis 100 000 Dextropropoxyphene 100 Cannabis resin 5 Fentanyl 23 Cocaine 1 000 Methadone 3 Codeine 7 000 500 Morphine 7 336 Conc. of poppy straw Oxycodone 600 ACA 25 500 000 Pethidine 21 950 AMA 35 000 000 Paraguay Desomorphine 1 Alfentanil 130 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Alphaprodine 2 Dihydrocodeine 1 Cannabis 5 Diphenoxylate 1 Cocaine 8 Ecgonine 1 Codeine 400 000 Ethylmorphine 1 225 Dihydrocodeine 2 Etorphine 2 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Fentanyl 8 500 Fentanyl 2 800 Heroin 10 Heroin 3 Hydrocodone 85 Hydrocodone 3 Hydromorphone 1 800 Hydromorphone 3 Ketobemidone 12 000 Levorphanol 3 Levorphanol 1 Methadone 10 Methadone 110 000 Morphine 30 000 Morphine 2 630 000 Oxycodone 8 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Oxymorphone 4 Norcodeine 1 Pethidine 6 000 Normorphine 1 Remifentanil 600 Opium 8 000 Peru Oxycodone 360 000 Cannabis 500 Oxymorphone 1 Cannabis resin 250 Para -fluorofentanyl 1 Cocaine 500 000

16

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Codeine 730 000 Oripavine 1 Fentanyl 10 000 Oxycodone 25 000 Hydrocodone 1 000 Oxymorphone 1 Methadone 1 500 Pethidine 40 000 Morphine 100 000 Pethidine intermediate A 1 Oxycodone 100 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Pethidine 50 000 Pethidine intermediate C 1 Remifentanil 2 000 Piritramide 1 Philippines Remifentanil 350 Cannabis 2 Sufentanil 40 Cannabis resin 2 Thebaine 1 Cocaine 2 Qatar Codeine 2 Codeine 180 Fentanyl 800 Dihydrocodeine 500 Heroin 2 Diphenoxylate 3 Methadone 2 Etorphine 2 Morphine 50 000 Fentanyl 181 Oxycodone 30 000 Hydromorphone 15 Pethidine 20 000 Methadone 250 Remifentanil 100 Morphine 4 500 Poland Oxycodone 350 Alfentanil 6 Pethidine 1 100 Cannabis 50 000 Remifentanil 110 Cocaine 150 Sufentanil 3 Codeine 5 000 000 Republic of Korea Codeine -N-oxide 10 Alfentanil 177 Dihydrocodeine 60 000 Cocaine 200 Diphenoxylate 1 000 Codeine 719 576 Ecgonine 5 Dihydrocodeine 4 813 524 Ethylmorphine 60 000 Fentanyl 20 790 Etorphine 100 Hydrocodone 14 910 Fentanyl 2 000 Hydromorphone 17 651 Heroin 100 Morphine 106 918 Hydrocodone 300 Oxycodone 700 186 Hydromorphone 300 Pethidine 274 659 Methadone 160 000 Remifentanil 5 800 Methadone intermediate 5 Sufentanil 23 Morphine 650 000 Republic of Moldova Morphine -N-oxide 10 Cocaine 1 Norcodeine 10 Codeine 9 000 Opium 100 000 Dextromoramide 1 000 Oripavine 20 Fentanyl 250 Oxycodone 300 000 Heroin 1 Oxymorphone 100 Methadone 15 000 Pethidine 100 000 Morphine 8 000 Pethidine intermediate B 5 Trimeperidine 5 700 Pethidine intermediate C 5 Romania Pholcodine 20 000 6-Acetylmorphine 1 Remifentanil 350 Cannabis 5 Sufentanil 35 Cannabis resin 5 Thebaine 300 Cocaine 2 Tilidine 150 000 Codeine 1 100 000 Portugal Codeine -N-oxide 1 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 80 000 Alfentanil 300 Dihydromorphine 1 Cannabis 2 Ecgonine 1 Cannabis resin 2 Fentanyl 5 000 Cocaine 4 000 Heroin 2 Codeine 1 500 000 Hydromorphone 60 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Hydromorphone -N-oxide 1 Desomorphine 1 Isomethadone 1 Dextromoramide 1 Methadone 50 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Morphine 75 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 55 000 Ethylmorphine 1 Pethidine 55 000 Etorphine 1 Remifentanil 20 Fentanyl 15 000 Sufentanil 1 Heroin 1 Thebaine 1 Hydromorphone 20 000 Tilidine 5 500 Levomethorphan 1 Russian Federation Methadone 250 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Morphine 80 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Morphine -N-oxide 1 6-Monoacetylmorphine 1 Normethadone 1 Alfentanil 1

17

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Beta -hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 935 Cocaine 1 000 Fentanyl 12 001 Codeine 2 010 000 Hydromorphone 17 940 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Methadone 9 000 Dihydrocodeine 140 000 Morphine 290 000 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 17 200 Fentanyl 20 000 Oxymorphone 7 190 Hydrocodone 1 Pethidine 420 128 Hydromorphone 1 000 Remifentanil 11 001 Methadone 1 Sufentanil 13 Morphine 250 000 Senegal Oxycodone 50 000 Alfentanil 10 Oxymorphone 1 Cocaine 401 Pethidine 1 Codeine 1 370 000 Pethidine intermediate B 1 Etorphine 2 Racemoramide 1 Fentanyl 24 Remifentanil 500 Methadone 19 000 Sufentanil 1 Morphine 64 700 Thebaine 2 000 Opium 1 010 000 Thiofentanyl 1 Sufentanil 1 Trimeperidine 350 000 Serbia Rwanda Alfentanil 120 Codeine 10 000 Codeine 100 000 Etorphine 10 Fentanyl 3 100 Fentanyl 320 Hydromorphone 2 000 Methadone 100 Methadone 92 000 Morphine 8 700 Methadone intermediate 2 Pethidine 5 000 Morphine 19 000 Saint Helena Morphine -N-oxide 6 Codeine 600 Oxycodone 20 000 Fentanyl 1 Pethidine 2 000 Morphine 40 Pholcodine 9 800 Pethidine 2 Remifentanil 90 Remifentanil 1 Sufentanil 7 Saint Kitts and Nevis* Seychelles Codeine 38 Cannabis 5 Etorphine 1 Cannabis resin 3 Fentanyl 1 Cocaine 3 Hydromorphone 5 Codeine 1 350 Morphine 788 Fentanyl 3 Pethidine 2 475 Heroin 2 Saint Lucia Methadone 2 500 Cannabis 5 Morphine 850 Cannabis resin 4 Pethidine 350 Cocaine 10 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 10 000 Sierra Leone Ecgonine 6 Codeine 3 000 Fentanyl 4 Fentanyl 5 Hydrocodone 12 Morphine 5 000 Methadone 60 Pethidine 10 000 Morphine 336 Singapore Pethidine 2 600 4-Fluoroisobutyrfentanyl 1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Acrylfentanyl 1 Cannabis 3 AH -7921 1 Cocaine 11 Alfentanil 30 Codeine 12 000 Cannabis 10 Fentanyl 2 Cannabis resin 5 Morphine 2 600 Carfentanyl 1 Pethidine 5 300 Cocaine 400 Samoa* Codeine 1 000 000 Cannabis 31 Desomorphine 1 Codeine 100 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Fentanyl 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Methadone 225 Diphenoxylate 200 000 Morphine 250 Ecgonine 1 Oxycodone 18 Etorphine 1 000 Pethidine 230 Fentanyl 1 500 Sao Tome and Principe* Furanylfentanyl 1 Morphine 180 Heroin 10 Pethidine 150 Hydrocodone 10 Saudi Arabia Hydromorphone 200 Alfentanil 81 Levomethorphan 1 Cannabis 27 Methadone 400 Codeine 935 650 Morphine 10 000 Dextropropoxyphene 12 000 MT -45 1

18

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Ocfentanyl 1 Codeine 17 500 Oripavine 1 Methadone 15 700 Oxycodone 10 000 Morphine 14 500 Oxymorphone 1 Pethidine 15 700 Pethidine 20 000 South Africa Pholcodine 15 000 Alfentanil 610 Remifentanil 100 Cocaine 5 250 Sufentanil 1 Codeine 5 868 477 Tetrahydrofuranylfentanyl 1 Codeine -N-oxide 2 Thebaine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Tilidine 1 AMA 22 185 000 U-47700 1 Desomorphine 2 Sint Maarten Dextromoramide 2 Alfentanil 3 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Cannabis 10 Dihydrocodeine 110 665 Codeine 4 000 Diphenoxylate 2 Fentanyl 50 Ecgonine 8 Hydrocodone 1 Etorphine 91 Methadone 60 Fentanyl 1 901 Morphine 300 Heroin 5 Nicomorphine 2 Hydrocodone 3 Oxycodone 150 Hydromorphone 9 053 Pethidine 400 Levorphanol 2 Piritramide 100 Methadone 35 650 Remifentanil 1 Morphine 10 060 325 Sufentanil 3 Norcodeine 2 Slovakia Normorphine 2 Alfentanil 21 000 Opium 150 000 Cocaine 300 Oxycodone 70 110 Codeine 2 801 500 Pethidine 610 000 Fentanyl 7 000 Pholcodine 165 010 Hydrocodone 3 Remifentanil 651 Hydromorphone 4 100 Sufentanil 39 Methadone 2 066 000 Thebaine 16 000 Methadone intermediate 2 445 000 Tilidine 80 000 Morphine 16 010 900 South Sudan* Morphine -N-oxide 2 Fentanyl 3 Opium 5 Morphine 10 000 Oxycodone 662 000 Pethidine 13 000 Oxymorphone 2 Spain Pethidine 1 870 000 3-Methylfentanyl 1 Piritramide 170 000 Alfentanil 250 Remifentanil 5 000 Cannabis 500 000 Sufentanil 1 500 Cocaine 4 000 Thebaine 1 200 000 Codeine 10 200 000 Tilidine 2 150 000 Codeine -N-oxide 3 Slovenia Conc. of poppy straw Alfentanil 30 ACA 10 864 721 Cannabis 15 000 AMA 92 078 967 Cocaine 3 000 AOA 1 969 250 Codeine 200 000 ATA 100 420 071 Codeine -N-oxide 10 Dihydrocodeine 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 5 000 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Fentanyl 6 000 Etorphine 2 Heroin 5 Fentanyl 150 000 Hydrocodone 5 Heroin 5 000 Hydromorphone 24 000 Hydrocodone 1 000 Isomethadone 5 000 Hydromorphone 40 000 Methadone 80 000 Levomethorphan 1 Morphine 150 000 Methadone 2 000 000 Opium 2 000 Morphine 12 500 000 Oxycodone 550 000 Oripavine 1 Pethidine 1 000 Oxycodone 800 000 Pholcodine 60 000 Oxymorphone 1 Piritramide 4 000 Pethidine 3 000 000 Remifentanil 2 000 Pholcodine 20 000 Sufentanil 10 Remifentanil 20 000 Tilidine 100 Sufentanil 1 000 Solomon Islands Thebaine 1 000 Codeine 400 Sri Lanka Fentanyl 40 Alfentanil 440 Morphine 1 000 Cocaine 586 Oxycodone 100 Codeine 255 600 Pethidine 1 500 Fentanyl 70 Somalia* Methadone 202

19

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Morphine 36 000 Oripavine 17 000 000 Opium 100 000 Oxycodone 430 000 Pethidine 12 506 Oxymorphone 2 500 000 Remifentanil 6 Pethidine 61 000 Sudan* Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 26 Piritramide 1 Morphine 32 000 Remifentanil 800 Pethidine 30 000 Sufentanil 22 Suriname Thebaine 9 000 000 Cocaine 15 Tilidine 30 000 Codeine 7 500 Syrian Arab Republic Fentanyl 75 Alfentanil 20 Morphine 800 Codeine 2 000 000 Pethidine 100 Diphenoxylate 100 000 Remifentanil 1 Fentanyl 350 Sufentanil 1 Hydrocodone 50 000 Sweden Morphine 8 000 3-Methylthiofentanyl 1 Oxycodone 125 000 Alfentanil 571 Pethidine 100 000 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 1 Remifentanil 500 Butyrfentanyl 1 Sufentanil 30 Cannabis 51 300 Tajikistan Carfentanyl 1 Cocaine 1 280 Cocaine 3 560 Codeine 449 920 Codeine 1 223 360 Ethylmorphine 6 400 Desomorphine 1 Etorphine 5 Dextropropoxyphene 365 Fentanyl 38 Diphenoxylate 5 Methadone 30 660 Ecgonine 1 Morphine 3 840 Ethylmorphine 650 000 Trimeperidine 32 000 Etorphine 3 Thailand Fentanyl 44 292 Alfentanil 1 Furanylfentanyl 1 Bezitramide 1 Heroin 5 Cannabis 3 Hydrocodone 124 Cannabis resin 3 Hydromorphone 15 000 Cocaine 2 000 Ketobemidone 25 000 Codeine 700 000 Levomethorphan 1 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Methadone 230 000 Dextromoramide 1 Morphine 700 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 MPPP 1 Difenoxin 1 Opium 20 000 Dihydrocodeine 1 Oripavine 1 Diphenoxylate 25 001 Oxycodone 900 000 Dipipanone 1 Oxymorphone 1 Ecgonine 1 Pethidine 18 000 Ethylmorphine 1 Pholcodine 5 Etorphine 1 Piritramide 100 Fentanyl 3 000 Remifentanil 1 000 Heroin 5 Sufentanil 60 Hydrocodone 1 Tilidine 235 Hydromorphone 1 Switzerland Ketobemidone 1 Alfentanil 200 Levorphanol 1 Cannabis 230 000 Methadone 100 000 Cocaine 3 000 Morphine 250 000 Codeine 600 000 Morphine -N-oxide 2 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Nicomorphine 1 Conc. of poppy straw Normethadone 1 AMA 3 500 000 Normorphine 1 AOA 27 000 000 Opium 1 500 000 Dextropropoxyphene 1 Oripavine 1 Difenoxin 1 Oxycodone 8 000 Dihydrocodeine 20 001 Pethidine 200 000 Diphenoxylate 1 Phenoperidine 1 Ecgonine 1 Pholcodine 1 Ethylmorphine 600 Remifentanil 70 Etorphine 2 Sufentanil 1 Fentanyl 22 000 Thebacon 1 Heroin 290 000 Tilidine 1 Hydrocodone 2 500 The former Yugoslav Rep. of Macedonia Hydromorphone 17 500 Cannabis 1 000 000 Methadone 490 000 Codeine 2 500 045 Morphine 1 450 000 Conc. of poppy straw Nicomorphine 800 AMA 2 250 000 Opium 60 000 Dihydrocodeine 1

20

ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Fentanyl 70 Ketobemidone 1 Hydrocodone 6 Levorphanol 1 Methadone 379 839 Methadone 3 Morphine 2 300 032 Morphine 30 000 Oxycodone 80 490 Nicomorphine 1 Oxymorphone 5 Normethadone 2 Pholcodine 150 048 Normorphine 1 Remifentanil 21 Opium 5 Thebaine 8 Oripavine 1 Timor -Leste Oxycodone 11 Codeine 9 537 Oxymorphone 1 Fentanyl 4 Pethidine 4 000 Morphine 7 557 Phenoperidine 1 Pethidine 3 300 Pholcodine 3 000 Togo Remifentanil 932 Alfentanil 1 Sufentanil 10 Fentanyl 16 Thebacon 1 Morphine 2 000 Thebaine 2 Pethidine 4 000 Tilidine 1 Remifentanil 1 Turkey Sufentanil 1 Alfentanil 2 Tonga Alphaprodine 2 Codeine 2 000 Anileridine 2 Fentanyl 1 Bezitramide 2 Morphine 300 Cannabis 300 Pethidine 500 Cannabis resin 7 Pholcodine 500 Coca leaf 1 Trinidad and Tobago Cocaine 1 000 Alfentanil 20 Codeine 2 620 000 Cannabis 5 Conc. of poppy straw Cannabis resin 5 ACA 245 000 Coca leaf 5 AMA 4 165 000 Cocaine 1 000 Dextromoramide 2 Codeine 7 000 Dextropropoxyphene 2 Dihydrocodeine 2 000 Diphenoxylate 25 000 Fentanyl 50 Dipipanone 1 Hydrocodone 20 Ethylmorphine 5 000 Hydromorphone 1 000 Etorphine 1 Ketobemidone 1 000 Fentanyl 14 000 Methadone 500 Heroin 2 Morphine 30 000 Hydrocodone 2 Opium 1 000 Hydromorphone 1 000 Oxycodone 1 000 Ketobemidone 2 Oxymorphone 1 000 Methadone 2 Pethidine 20 000 Morphine 70 000 Pholcodine 500 Nicomorphine 2 Remifentanil 40 Normethadone 2 Tristan da Cunha* Opium 5 000 Codeine 600 Oripavine 1 Dextropropoxyphene 225 Oxycodone 30 000 Fentanyl 1 Oxymorphone 2 Morphine 4 Pethidine 250 000 Pethidine 1 Phenoperidine 1 Pholcodine 38 Pholcodine 1 Tilidine 1 Piritramide 1 Tunisia Remifentanil 3 000 Alfentanil 15 Sufentanil 1 Alphaprodine 1 Thebacon 1 Anileridine 1 Thebaine 2 Bezitramide 1 Tilidine 2 Cocaine 3 Turkmenistan* Codeine 2 700 000 Codeine 2 000 Dextromoramide 1 Fentanyl 20 Dextropropoxyphene 50 Morphine 6 230 Difenoxin 1 Piritramide 1 500 Dihydrocodeine 2 Remifentanil 750 Diphenoxylate 3 Trimeperidine 15 184 Dipipanone 2 Turks and Caicos Islands Ecgonine 1 Dihydrocodeine 115 Ethylmorphine 18 000 Fentanyl 62 Etorphine 2 Hydrocodone 1 Fentanyl 570 Hydromorphone 1 Heroin 3 Morphine 111 Hydrocodone 2 Oxycodone 509 Hydromorphone 1 Pethidine 94

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Tuvalu United States of America Codeine 5 3-Methylfentanyl 30 Fentanyl 2 3-Methylthiofentanyl 30 Morphine 6 Acetyl -alpha -methylfentanyl 30 Pethidine 46 Acetylmethadol 2 Uganda Alfentanil 6 200 Cannabis 1 Allylprodine 2 Cannabis resin 1 Alphacetylmethadol 2 Cocaine 1 Alphameprodine 2 Codeine 150 000 Alphamethadol 2 Fentanyl 45 Alpha -methylfentanyl 30 Heroin 1 Alpha -methylthiofentanyl 30 Morphine 200 000 Alphaprodine 2 Oxycodone 2 000 Betacetylmethadol 2 Pethidine 150 000 Beta -hydroxy -3-methyl fentanyl 30 Remifentanil 2 Beta -Hydroxyfentanyl 30 Ukraine Betameprodine 2 Codeine 1 910 258 Betamethadol 4 Fentanyl 6 258 Betaprodine 2 Hydrocodone 3 020 Cannabis 150 000 Hydromorphone 2 200 Cannabis resin 15 Methadone 1 540 350 Coca leaf 175 000 000 Morphine 339 210 Cocaine 30 000 Oxycodone 7 017 Codeine 42 000 000 Thebaine 225 Conc. of poppy straw Trimeperidine 170 000 ACA 45 119 195 United Arab Emirates AMA 54 127 795 Alfentanil 16 AOA 50 108 482 Codeine 563 000 ATA 145 512 729 Diphenoxylate 500 Dextropropoxyphene 35 Etorphine 15 Difenoxin 8 225 Fentanyl 951 Dihydrocodeine 51 000 Hydrocodone 500 Diphenoxylate 784 900 Hydromorphone 500 Dipipanone 5 Methadone 300 Ecgonine 3 000 Morphine 5 900 Ethylmorphine 2 Oxycodone 1 600 Fentanyl 1 185 000 Pethidine 14 500 Heroin 2 Remifentanil 750 Hydrocodone 30 000 000 Sufentanil 4 Hydromorphone 3 000 000 United Kingdom 2 Alfentanil 9 452 Isomethadone 30 Cannabis 6 772 571 Levo -A-acetylmethadol 5 Cannabis resin 35 Levomethorphan 4 000 Cocaine 125 754 Levorphanol 34 000 Codeine 38 996 744 Metazocine 15 Conc. of poppy straw Methadone 22 278 000 ACA 30 000 000 Methadone intermediate 24 064 000 AMA 40 000 000 Morphine 57 000 000 Dextropropoxyphene 591 176 2 Dihydrocodeine 13 341 882 55 Diphenoxylate 18 661 Normethadone 2 Dipipanone 425 Opium 60 000 000 Fentanyl 68 589 Oripavine 25 050 000 Heroin 35 529 Oxycodone 62 000 000 Hydrocodone 5 Oxymorphone 36 800 000 Hydromorphone 4 780 Pethidine 1 580 000 Methadone 2 541 312 Pethidine intermediate A 30 Morphine 8 050 441 Pethidine intermediate B 30 Opium 33 840 Pethidine intermediate C 30 Oxycodone 1 256 123 Phenazocine 5 Pethidine 160 143 Phenomorphan 2 Pholcodine 480 502 Racemethorphan 5 Remifentanil 2 078 Racemorphan 5 Sufentanil 5 Remifentanil 3 000 Thebaine 27 129 851 Sufentanil 1 880 United Republic of Tanzania Thebaine 57 030 000 Codeine 30 000 Thiofentanyl 25 Etorphine 20 Tilidine 25 Fentanyl 20 Trimeperidine 2 Methadone 300 000 Uruguay Morphine 30 000 Alfentanil 2 Oxycodone 5 000 Anileridine 1 Pethidine 50 000 Cannabis 7 206 000 Pholcodine 2 000 Cannabis resin 5

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ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 )

Cocaine 2 Zimbabwe Codeine 180 000 Alfentanil 2 Ethylmorphine 3 600 Codeine 607 000 Fentanyl 1 734 Diphenoxylate 300 Heroin 2 Dipipanone 5 Hydrocodone 1 Etorphine 15 Methadone 3 641 Fentanyl 50 Morphine 46 650 Hydromorphone 100 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Methadone 5 Oxycodone 840 Morphine 12 000 Pethidine 6 000 Opium 55 000 Remifentanil 260 Oxycodone 30 Sufentanil 1 Pethidine 109 000 Thebaine 1 Pholcodine 3 500 Uzbekistan Sufentanil 2 Codeine 400 Tilidine 3 500 Fentanyl 50 Morphine 5 500 Thebaine 30 Trimeperidine 9 000 Vanuatu Codeine 96 Other countries and territories: Fentanyl 2 Cocos (Keeling) Islands See Christmas Island Morphine 102 Holy See See Italy Oxycodone 14 Liechtenstein See Switzerland Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of) Monaco See France Codeine 600 000 San Marino See Italy Names of territories are in italics. Fentanyl 3 700

Methadone 20 250 *Annual estimates were established by the Board. Morphine 200 000

Oxycodone 100 000

Remifentanil 2 700

Viet Nam*

Alfentanil 375

Codeine 4 500 000 **** Dihydrocodeine 45 000

Ethylmorphine 750 The designations employed and the presentation Fentanyl 300 of the material in this publication do not imply the Hydrocodone 7 500 expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Hydromorphone 8 Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal Methadone 1 125 000 status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its Morphine 82 500 authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers Oxycodone 22 500 or boundaries. Countries and areas are referred to by the Pethidine 45 000 names that were in official use at the time the relevant Remifentanil 375 data were collected. Sufentanil 4 Wallis and Futuna Islands Les appellations employées dans cette Alfentanil 1 publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent Codeine 1 000 n’impliquent de la part du Secrétariat de l’Organisation Fentanyl 4 des Nations Unies aucune prise de position quant au Morphine 30 statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou Opium 900 limites. Les noms de pays ou de zones figurant dans le Remifentanil 3 présent document sont ceux qui étaient officiellement en Sufentanil 1 usage au moment où les données ont été recueillies. Yemen Codeine 30 000 Las denominaciones empleadas en esta Fentanyl 70 publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los Hydromorphone 2 000 datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la Secretaría Morphine 3 000 de las Naciones Unidas, juicio alguno sobre la condición Pethidine 15 000 jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus Pholcodine 24 000 autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus Remifentanil 3 fronteras o límites. Los países y zonas se mencionan por Sufentanil 3 el nombre oficialmente utilizado en el momento en que se Zambia recopilaron los datos pertinentes. Codeine 14 000 ______Dextropropoxyphene 30 000 Dihydrocodeine 600 Diphenoxylate 600 Etorphine 15 Fentanyl 100 Morphine 9 000 Pethidine 35 000 Pholcodine 100 Thebaine 1 Tilidine 1

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