Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 36/Monday, February 24, 2020

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 36/Monday, February 24, 2020 10466 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 36 / Monday, February 24, 2020 / Notices Controlled substance Drug code Schedule Alphamethadol ................................................................................................................................................................. 9605 I Benzethidine .................................................................................................................................................................... 9606 I Betacetylmethadol ........................................................................................................................................................... 9607 I Clonitazene ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9612 I Diampromide ................................................................................................................................................................... 9615 I Diethylthiambutene .......................................................................................................................................................... 9616 I Dimethylthiambutene ....................................................................................................................................................... 9619 I Ketobemidone .................................................................................................................................................................. 9628 I Levo-alphacetylmethadol ................................................................................................................................................. 9648 II 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxypiperidine ...................................................................................................................... 9661 I 1-(2-Phenylethyl)-4-phenyl-4-acetoxypiperidine .............................................................................................................. 9663 I Alfentanil .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9737 II Remifentanil ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9739 II Sufentanil ......................................................................................................................................................................... 9740 II Carfentanil ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9743 II Tilidine ............................................................................................................................................................................. 9750 I Tapentadol ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9780 II Fentanyl ........................................................................................................................................................................... 9801 II Para-Fluorofentanyl ......................................................................................................................................................... 9812 I 3-Methylfentanyl .............................................................................................................................................................. 9813 I Alpha-methylfentanyl ....................................................................................................................................................... 9814 I Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl ............................................................................................................................................. 9815 I Acetyl Fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacetamide) ............................................................................... 9821 I Beta-hydroxyfentanyl ....................................................................................................................................................... 9830 I Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl ........................................................................................................................................ 9831 I Alpha-methylthiofentanyl ................................................................................................................................................. 9832 I 3-Methylthiofentanyl ......................................................................................................................................................... 9833 I Furanyl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylfuran-2-carboxamide) ............................................................. 9834 I Thiofentanyl ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9835 I N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenyltetrahydrofuran-2-carboxamide .......................................................................... 9843 I Cyclopropyl Fentanyl ....................................................................................................................................................... 9845 I Fentanyl related-compounds as defined in 21 CFR 1308.11&h) ................................................................................... 9850 I The company plans to manufacture Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE the above-listed controlled substances 22152. as analytical reference standards for Drug Enforcement Administration SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In distribution to its customers. No other [Docket No. DEA–586] activities for these drug codes are accordance with 21 CFR 1301.33(a), this authorized for this registration. is notice that on December 18, 2019, Importer of Controlled Substances Dated: February 3, 2020. Stepan Company, 100 West Hunter Application: Research Triangle Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey 07607– William T. McDermott, Institute 1021 applied to be registered as a bulk Assistant Administrator. manufacturer of the following basic ACTION: Notice of application. [FR Doc. 2020–03616 Filed 2–21–20; 8:45 am] class of controlled substances: BILLING CODE 4410–09–P DATES: Registered bulk manufacturers of the affected basic classes, and Controlled substance Drug Schedule code applicants therefore, may file written DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE comments on or objections to the Cocaine ........................ 9041 II Drug Enforcement Administration issuance of the proposed registration on Ecgonine .......................I 9180 I II or before March 25, 2020. Such persons may also file a written request for a [Docket No. DEA–580] The company plans to manufacture hearing on the application on or before Bulk Manufacturer of Controlled the above-listed controlled substances March 25, 2020. Substances Application: Stepan in bulk for distribution to its customers. ADDRESSES: Written comments should Company Dated: February 3, 2020. be sent to: Drug Enforcement Administration, Attention: DEA Federal William T. McDermott, ACTION: Notice of application. Register Representative/DPW, 8701 Assistant Administrator. Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia DATES: Registered bulk manufacturers of [FR Doc. 2020–03618 Filed 2–21–20; 8:45 am] 22152. All requests for a hearing must the affected basic classes, and BILLING CODE 4410–09–P be sent to: Drug Enforcement applicants therefore, may file written Administration, Attn: Administrator, comments on or objections to the 8701 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, issuance of the proposed registration on Virginia 22152. All request for a hearing or before April 24, 2020. should also be sent to: (1) Drug ADDRESSES: Written comments should Enforcement Administration, Attn: be sent to: Drug Enforcement Hearing Clerk/OALJ, 8701 Morrissette Administration, Attention: DEA Federal Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152; and Register Representative/DPW, 8701 (2) Drug Enforcement Administration, VerDate Sep<11>2014 18:30 Feb 21, 2020 Jkt 250001 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 4703 Sfmt 4703 E:\FR\FM\24FEN1.SGM 24FEN1 lotter on DSKBCFDHB2PROD with NOTICES.
Recommended publications
  • Minnesota Statutes 1979 Supplement
    MINNESOTA STATUTES 1979 SUPPLEMENT 152.01 PROHIBITED DRUGS CHAPTER 152. PROHIBITED DRUGS Sec. 152.01 Definitions. 152.02 Schedules of controlled substances; admin­ istration of chapter. 152.01 Definitions. [For text of subds 1 to 8, see M.S.1978] Subd. 9. Marijuana. "Marijuana" means all parts of the plant of any species of the genus Cannabis, including all agronomical varieties, whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds or resin, but shall not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mix­ ture, or preparation of such mature stalks, except the resin extracted therefrom, fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination. [For text of subds 10 to 17, see M.S.1978] [ 1979 c 157 s 1 ] 152.02 Schedules of controlled substances; administration of chapter. [For text of subd 1, see M.S.1978) Subd. 2. The following items are listed in Schedule I: (1) Any of the following substances, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, unless specifically excepted, whenever the exis­ tence of such isomers, esters, ethers and salts is possible within the specific chemical des­ ignation: Acetylmethadol; Allylprodine; Alphacetylmethadol; Alphameprodine; Alpham- ethadol; Benzethidine; Betacetylmethadol; Betameprodine; Betamethadol; Betaprodine; Clonitazene; Dextromoramide; Dextrorphan; Diampromide; Diethyliambutene; Dime- noxadol; Dimepheptanol; Dimethyliambutene; Dioxaphetyl butyrate; Dipipanone; Ethylmethylthiambutene; Etonitazene; Etoxeridine; Furethidine; Hydroxypethidine; Ke- tobemidone; Levomoramide; Levophenacylmorphan; Morpheridine; Noracymethadol; Norlevorphanol; Normethadone; Norpipanone; Phenadoxone; Phenampromide; Pheno- morphan; Phenoperidine; Piritramide; Proheptazine; Properidine; Racemoramide; Tri­ meperidine.
    [Show full text]
  • Perioperative Opioid-Sparing Analgesia Strategies for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
    Perioperative Opioid-Sparing Analgesia Strategies for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery T. Anthony Anderson, MD PhD Associate Professor Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford Stanford University School of Medicine International Society for Anaesthetic Pharmacology 2018 Annual Meeting Disclosures • I have no relevant relationships to disclose Learning Objectives After this lecture, the listener should be able to: • Identify risks associated with the perioperative use of opioids • Determine opioid-sparing systemic pharmacologic analgesics options • Organize a perioperative analgesic plan to decrease postoperative pain, reduce opioid use, hasten recovery, and improve patient safety Paradigm Shift Surgical Considerations Optimize Co-Morbidities Baseline Pain & Opioid Use Regional techniques Non-pharmacologic Non-opioid Opioids Reasons to Reduce Peri-operative Opioid Use • Relapse risk in patients with a history of opioid use disorder • Improved post-operative recovery • Acute risks • Chronic risks Opioid Use Disorder Relapse • In 2016, 1.8 million people had prescription pain medication use disorder, 5.5% of population • High risk group • Poor evidence for pain management options • Perioperative exposure to relapse triggers: – Stress – Agent of abuse Ward EN, Quaye AN, Wilens TE. Opioid Use Disorders: Perioperative Management of a Special Population. Anesth Analg. 2018 Aug;127(2):539-547. Briand LA, Blendy JA. Molecular and genetic substrates linking stress and addiction. Brain Res. 2010 Feb 16;1314:219-34. ERAS Colorectal Surgery • 13 major perioperative categories • 3 rely heavily on opioid reduction – Multimodal, opioid-sparing pain management – PONV prevention – Ileus reduction • ERAS protocols reduce – Length of hospital stay – Costs – Minor complications Carmichael JC, Keller DS, Baldini G, Bordeianou L, Weiss E, Lee L, Boutros M, McClane J, Feldman LS, Steele SR.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Article Anesthetic Effect of Propofol Combined with Remifentanil and Propofol Combined with Ketamine in Ophthalmic Surgery
    Int J Clin Exp Med 2019;12(7):9387-9392 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0079428 Original Article Anesthetic effect of propofol combined with remifentanil and propofol combined with ketamine in ophthalmic surgery Xiaofeng Yi1*, Yanbing Zhang1*, Limin Jin1, Xinjing Yang2 Departments of 1Anesthesia Surgery, 2Emergency ICU, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China. *Equal contributors. Received May 10, 2018; Accepted December 7, 2018; Epub July 15, 2019; Published July 30, 2019 Abstract: Propofol combined with ketamine has been used for anesthesia in the past. Remifentanil presented a good analgesic effect, rapid onset, short half-life, and a high clearance rate. Propofol combined with remifentanil also shows good effects in the clinic. This study compared the effect and safety of propofol combined remifentanil and propofol combined ketamine in pediatric eye surgery. Pediatric patients that received eye surgery in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups, the experimental group (n=30), in which patients received pro- pofol combined with remifentanil anesthesia and control group (n=30), and the group receiving propofol combined with ketamine anesthesia. The curative effect, FCO2, SPO2, MAP, HR, anesthesia complications, operation time, recovery time, and leaving PACU time were compared. The rate of good anesthesia was 93.33% in the experimental group, which was significantly higher than control (P < 0.05). FCO2 at 2 and 5 minutes after anesthesia, preopera- tive, intraoperative, and postoperative elevated, while SPO2, MAP, and HR decreased (P < 0.05). The experimen- tal group showed smaller fluctuation range than the control. The rate of Nausea (6.67%), vomiting (3.33%), and somnolence (10%) in the experimental group was significantly lower than control (P < 0.05).
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Kansas Statutes
    2020 Kansas Statutes 65-4105. Substances included in schedule I. (a) The controlled substances listed in this section are included in schedule I and the number set forth opposite each drug or substance is the DEA controlled substances code that has been assigned to it. (b) Any of the following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters and ethers, unless specifically excepted, whenever the existence of these isomers, esters, ethers and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation: (1) Acetyl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N- phenylacetamide) 9821 (2) Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(1-methyl-2-phenethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N- phenylacetamide) 9815 (3) Acetylmethadol 9601 (4) Acryl fentanyl (N-(1-phenethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-phenylacrylamide; acryloylfentanyl) 9811 (5) AH-7921 (3,4-dichloro-N-[(1-dimethylamino)cyclohexylmethyl]benzamide) 9551 (6) Allylprodine 9602 (7) Alphacetylmethadol 9603(except levo-alphacetylmethadol also known as levo- alpha-acetylmethadol, levomethadyl acetate or LAAM) (8) Alphameprodine 9604 (9) Alphamethadol 9605 (10) Alpha-methylfentanyl (N-[1-(alpha-methyl-beta-phenyl)ethyl-4-piperidyl] propionanilide; 1-(1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)-4-(N-propanilido) piperidine) 9814 (11) Alpha-methylthiofentanyl (N-[1-methyl-2-(2-thienyl)ethyl-4-piperidinyl]-N- phenylpropanamide) 9832 (12) Benzethidine 9606 (13) Betacetylmethadol 9607 (14) Beta-hydroxyfentanyl (N-[1-(2-hydroxy-2-phenethyl)-4-piperidinyl]-N- phenylpropanamide) 9830 (15) Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl (other
    [Show full text]
  • ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS of NARCOTIC DRUGS in GRAMS for 2019 (As of 10 January 2019 )
    ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2019 (as of 10 January 2019 ) Afghanistan Cannabis 50 Codeine 50 000 Cannabis resin 1 Dextropropoxyphene 10 000 Coca leaf 1 Diphenoxylate 5 000 Cocaine 15 Fentanyl 1 Codeine 650 000 Methadone 20 000 Codeine -N-oxide 1 Morphine 8 000 Dextromoramide 1 Pethidine 90 000 Dextropropoxyphene 200 000 Pholcodine 40 000 Difenoxin 1 Albania Dihydrocodeine 1 Cocaine 1 Diphenoxylate 1 Codeine 1 189 000 Dipipanone 1 Fentanyl 300 Ecgonine 2 Heroin 1 Ethylmorphine 1 Methadone 7 000 Etorphine 1 Morphine 7 800 Fentanyl 17 000 Oxycodone 2 000 Heroin 1 Pethidine 2 700 Hydrocodone 10 000 Pholcodine 1 500 Hydromorphone 4 000 Remifentanil 9 Ketobemidone 1 Sufentanil 2 Levorphanol 1 Algeria Methadone 100 000 Alfentanil 350 Morphine 1 550 000 Codeine 2 500 000 Morphine -N-oxide 1 Etorphine 1 Nicomorphine 1 Fentanyl 500 Norcodeine 1 Methadone 4 000 Normethadone 1 Morphine 9 000 Normorphine 1 Oxycodone 4 000 Opium 10 Pethidine 3 000 Oripavine 1 Pholcodine 1 500 000 Oxycodone 60 000 Remifentanil 1 Oxymorphone 1 Sufentanil 30 Pethidine 50 000 Andorra Phenoperidine 1 Cannabis 2 000 Pholcodine 1 Fentanyl 100 Piritramide 1 Methadone 1 000 Remifentanil 20 000 Morphine 500 Sufentanil 10 Oxycodone 2 000 Thebacon 1 Pethidine 500 Thebaine 70 000 Remifentanil 4 Tilidine 1 Angola Armenia Alfentanil 20 Codeine 3 000 Codeine 21 600 Fentanyl 40 Dextromoramide 188 Methadone 13 500 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Morphine 7 500 Dihydrocodeine 500 Thebaine 15 Diphenoxylate 300 Trimeperidine 1 500 Fentanyl 63 Aruba* Methadone 2 000
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Unique Opioids and Their Conversions
    A Review of Unique Opioids and Their Conversions Jacqueline Cleary, PharmD, BCACP Assistant Professor Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Adjunct Professor SAGE College of Nursing DISCLOSURES • Kaleo • Remitigate, LLC OBJECTIVES • Compare and contrast unique pharmacotherapy options for the treatment of chronic pain including: methadone, buprenoprhine, tapentadol, and tramadol • Select methadone, buprenorphine, tapentadol, or tramadol based on patient specific factors • Apply appropriate opioid conversion strategies to unique opioids • Understand opioid overdose risk surrounding opioid conversions and the use of unique opioids UNIQUE OPIOIDS METHADONE, BUPRENORPHINE, TRAMADOL, TAPENTADOL METHADONE My favorite drug because….? METHADONE- INDICATIONS • FDA labeled indications – (1) chronic pain (2) detoxification Oral soluble tablets for suspension NOT indicated for chronic pain treatment • Initial inpatient detoxification of opioids by a licensed trained provider with methadone and supportive care is appropriate • Methadone maintenance provider must have special credentialing and training as required by state Outpatient prescription must be for pain ONLY and say “for pain” on RX • Continuation of methadone maintenance from outside provider while patient is inpatient for another condition is appropriate http://cdn.atforum.com/wp-content/uploads/SAMHSA-2015-Guidelines-for-OTPs.pdf MECHANISM OF ACTION • Potent µ-opioid agonist • NMDA receptor antagonist • Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor • Serotonin reuptake inhibitor ADVERSE EVENTS
    [Show full text]
  • CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, DRUG, DEVICE and COSMETIC ACT - SCHEDULE I CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES Act of Jun
    CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE, DRUG, DEVICE AND COSMETIC ACT - SCHEDULE I CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES Act of Jun. 23, 2011, P.L. 36, No. 7 Cl. 35 Session of 2011 No. 2011-7 SB 1006 AN ACT Amending the act of April 14, 1972 (P.L.233, No.64), entitled "An act relating to the manufacture, sale and possession of controlled substances, other drugs, devices and cosmetics; conferring powers on the courts and the secretary and Department of Health, and a newly created Pennsylvania Drug, Device and Cosmetic Board; establishing schedules of controlled substances; providing penalties; requiring registration of persons engaged in the drug trade and for the revocation or suspension of certain licenses and registrations; and repealing an act," further providing for Schedule I controlled substances. The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby enacts as follows: Section 1. Section 4(1) of the act of April 14, 1972 (P.L.233, No.64), known as The Controlled Substance, Drug, Device and Cosmetic Act, amended November 24, 1999 (P.L.894, No.55), is amended to read: Section 4. Schedules of Controlled Substances.--The following schedules include the controlled substances listed or to be listed by whatever official name, common or usual name, chemical name, or trade name designated. (1) Schedule I--In determining that a substance comes within this schedule, the secretary shall find: a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in the United States, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. The following controlled substances are included in this schedule: (i) Any of the following opiates, including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, unless specifically excepted, whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacy and Poisons (Third and Fourth Schedule Amendment) Order 2017
    Q UO N T FA R U T A F E BERMUDA PHARMACY AND POISONS (THIRD AND FOURTH SCHEDULE AMENDMENT) ORDER 2017 BR 111 / 2017 The Minister responsible for health, in exercise of the power conferred by section 48A(1) of the Pharmacy and Poisons Act 1979, makes the following Order: Citation 1 This Order may be cited as the Pharmacy and Poisons (Third and Fourth Schedule Amendment) Order 2017. Repeals and replaces the Third and Fourth Schedule of the Pharmacy and Poisons Act 1979 2 The Third and Fourth Schedules to the Pharmacy and Poisons Act 1979 are repealed and replaced with— “THIRD SCHEDULE (Sections 25(6); 27(1))) DRUGS OBTAINABLE ONLY ON PRESCRIPTION EXCEPT WHERE SPECIFIED IN THE FOURTH SCHEDULE (PART I AND PART II) Note: The following annotations used in this Schedule have the following meanings: md (maximum dose) i.e. the maximum quantity of the substance contained in the amount of a medicinal product which is recommended to be taken or administered at any one time. 1 PHARMACY AND POISONS (THIRD AND FOURTH SCHEDULE AMENDMENT) ORDER 2017 mdd (maximum daily dose) i.e. the maximum quantity of the substance that is contained in the amount of a medicinal product which is recommended to be taken or administered in any period of 24 hours. mg milligram ms (maximum strength) i.e. either or, if so specified, both of the following: (a) the maximum quantity of the substance by weight or volume that is contained in the dosage unit of a medicinal product; or (b) the maximum percentage of the substance contained in a medicinal product calculated in terms of w/w, w/v, v/w, or v/v, as appropriate.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Fentanyl and Its Analogues in Biological Specimens
    Recommended methods for the Identification and Analysis of Fentanyl and its Analogues in Biological Specimens MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG ANALYSIS LABORATORIES Laboratory and Scientific Section UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME Vienna Recommended Methods for the Identification and Analysis of Fentanyl and its Analogues in Biological Specimens MANUAL FOR USE BY NATIONAL DRUG ANALYSIS LABORATORIES UNITED NATIONS Vienna, 2017 Note Operating and experimental conditions are reproduced from the original reference materials, including unpublished methods, validated and used in selected national laboratories as per the list of references. A number of alternative conditions and substitution of named commercial products may provide comparable results in many cases. However, any modification has to be validated before it is integrated into laboratory routines. ST/NAR/53 Original language: English © United Nations, November 2017. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of names of firms and commercial products does not imply the endorse- ment of the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. Publishing production: English, Publishing and Library Section, United Nations Office at Vienna. Acknowledgements The Laboratory and Scientific Section of the UNODC (LSS, headed by Dr. Justice Tettey) wishes to express its appreciation and thanks to Dr. Barry Logan, Center for Forensic Science Research and Education, at the Fredric Rieders Family Founda- tion and NMS Labs, United States; Amanda L.A.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2004/0024006 A1 Simon (43) Pub
    US 2004.0024006A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2004/0024006 A1 Simon (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 5, 2004 (54) OPIOID PHARMACEUTICAL May 30, 1997, now abandoned, and which is a COMPOSITIONS continuation-in-part of application No. 08/643,775, filed on May 6, 1996, now abandoned. (76) Inventor: David Lew Simon, Mansfield Center, CT (US) Publication Classification Correspondence Address: (51) Int. Cl. ................................................ A61K 31/485 David L. Simon (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 514/282 P.O. Box 618 100 Cemetery Road (57) ABSTRACT Mansfield Center, CT 06250 (US) The invention is directed in part to dosage forms comprising a combination of an analgesically effective amount of an (21) Appl. No.: 10/628,089 opioid agonist analgesic and a neutral receptor binding agent or a partial mu-opioid agonist, the neutral receptor binding (22) Filed: Jul. 25, 2003 agent or partial mu-opioid agonist being included in a ratio Related U.S. Application Data to the opioid agonist analgesic to provide a combination product which is analgesically effective when the combina (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/306,657, tion is administered as prescribed, but which is leSS analge filed on Nov. 27, 2002, which is a continuation-in-part Sically effective or less rewarding when administered in of application No. 09/922,873, filed on Aug. 6, 2001, excess of prescription. Preferably, the combination product now Pat. No. 6,569,866, which is a continuation-in affects an opioid dependent individual differently from an part of application No. 09/152,834, filed on Sep.
    [Show full text]
  • Drugs of Abuseon September Archived 13-10048 No
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION WWW.DEA.GOV 9, 2014 on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited Drugs of2011 Abuse EDITION A DEA RESOURCE GUIDE V. Narcotics WHAT ARE NARCOTICS? Also known as “opioids,” the term "narcotic" comes from the Greek word for “stupor” and originally referred to a variety of substances that dulled the senses and relieved pain. Though some people still refer to all drugs as “narcot- ics,” today “narcotic” refers to opium, opium derivatives, and their semi-synthetic substitutes. A more current term for these drugs, with less uncertainty regarding its meaning, is “opioid.” Examples include the illicit drug heroin and pharmaceutical drugs like OxyContin®, Vicodin®, codeine, morphine, methadone and fentanyl. WHAT IS THEIR ORIGIN? The poppy papaver somniferum is the source for all natural opioids, whereas synthetic opioids are made entirely in a lab and include meperidine, fentanyl, and methadone. Semi-synthetic opioids are synthesized from naturally occurring opium products, such as morphine and codeine, and include heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone. Teens can obtain narcotics from friends, family members, medicine cabinets, pharmacies, nursing 2014 homes, hospitals, hospices, doctors, and the Internet. 9, on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited What are common street names? Street names for various narcotics/opioids include: ➔ Hillbilly Heroin, Lean or Purple Drank, OC, Ox, Oxy, Oxycotton, Sippin Syrup What are their forms? Narcotics/opioids come in various forms including: ➔ T ablets, capsules, skin patches, powder, chunks in varying colors (from white to shades of brown and black), liquid form for oral use and injection, syrups, suppositories, lollipops How are they abused? ➔ Narcotics/opioids can be swallowed, smoked, sniffed, or injected.
    [Show full text]
  • ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS of NARCOTIC DRUGS in GRAMS for 2021 (July Update)
    ESTIMATED WORLD REQUIREMENTS OF NARCOTIC DRUGS IN GRAMS FOR 2021 (July update) Afghanistan Bezitramide 1 Codeine 20 000 Cannabis 7 050 Dextropropoxyphene 20 000 Cannabis resin 1 Diphenoxylate 800 Coca leaf 1 Fentanyl 6 Cocaine 15 Methadone 120 000 Codeine 700 000 Morphine 10 000 Codeine-N-oxide 1 Pethidine 2 000 Dextromoramide 1 Pholcodine 5 000 Dextropropoxyphene 170 000 Albania Difenoxin 1 Cocaine 1 Dihydrocodeine 1 Codeine 1 190 000 Diphenoxylate 1 Fentanyl 300 Dipipanone 1 Heroin 1 Ecgonine 2 Methadone 16 500 Ethylmorphine 1 Morphine 7 500 Etorphine 1 Oxycodone 1 500 Fentanyl 17 200 Pethidine 2 500 Heroin 1 Pholcodine 1 600 Hydrocodone 11 000 Remifentanil 10 Hydromorphone 4 000 Sufentanil 2 Ketobemidone 1 Algeria Levorphanol 1 Alfentanil 400 Methadone 110 000 Cannabis 3 Morphine 1 590 000 Cocaine 5 Morphine-N-oxide 1 Codeine 2 500 000 Nicomorphine 1 Etorphine 1 Norcodeine 1 Fentanyl 900 Normethadone 1 Heroin 2 Normorphine 1 Methadone 4 000 Opium 10 Morphine 15 000 Oripavine 1 Oxycodone 4 000 Oxycodone 60 000 Pethidine 3 000 Oxymorphone 1 Pholcodine 1 500 000 Pethidine 50 000 Remifentanil 1 Phenoperidine 1 Sufentanil 50 Pholcodine 1 Andorra Piritramide 1 Cannabis 2 000 Remifentanil 17 000 Fentanyl 100 Sufentanil 10 Methadone 1 000 Thebacon 1 Morphine 500 Thebaine 77 000 Oxycodone 2 000 Tilidine 1 Pethidine 500 Armenia Remifentanil 4 Codeine 3 000 Angola Fentanyl 50 Alfentanil 24 Methadone 22 000 Codeine 21 600 Morphine 8 000 Dextromoramide 188 Thebaine 4 100 Dextropropoxyphene 200 Trimeperidine 1 500 Dihydrocodeine 500 Aruba* Diphenoxylate
    [Show full text]