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Drugs of Abuseon September Archived 13-10048 No U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION WWW.DEA.GOV 9, 2014 on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited Drugs of2011 Abuse EDITION A DEA RESOURCE GUIDE V. Narcotics WHAT ARE NARCOTICS? Also known as “opioids,” the term "narcotic" comes from the Greek word for “stupor” and originally referred to a variety of substances that dulled the senses and relieved pain. Though some people still refer to all drugs as “narcot- ics,” today “narcotic” refers to opium, opium derivatives, and their semi-synthetic substitutes. A more current term for these drugs, with less uncertainty regarding its meaning, is “opioid.” Examples include the illicit drug heroin and pharmaceutical drugs like OxyContin®, Vicodin®, codeine, morphine, methadone and fentanyl. WHAT IS THEIR ORIGIN? The poppy papaver somniferum is the source for all natural opioids, whereas synthetic opioids are made entirely in a lab and include meperidine, fentanyl, and methadone. Semi-synthetic opioids are synthesized from naturally occurring opium products, such as morphine and codeine, and include heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone. Teens can obtain narcotics from friends, family members, medicine cabinets, pharmacies, nursing 2014 homes, hospitals, hospices, doctors, and the Internet. 9, on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited What are common street names? Street names for various narcotics/opioids include: ➔ Hillbilly Heroin, Lean or Purple Drank, OC, Ox, Oxy, Oxycotton, Sippin Syrup What are their forms? Narcotics/opioids come in various forms including: ➔ T ablets, capsules, skin patches, powder, chunks in varying colors (from white to shades of brown and black), liquid form for oral use and injection, syrups, suppositories, lollipops How are they abused? ➔ Narcotics/opioids can be swallowed, smoked, sniffed, or injected. 9, 2014 Drugs of Abuseon September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited PRODUCED AND PUBLISHED BY Drug Enforcement Administration • U.S. Department of Justice WWW.DEA.GOV 9, 2014 on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited Contents I. Letter from Administrator...................................................7 VII. Depressants...................................................................50 II. Controlled Substances Act.................................................8 . Barbiturates...................................................................... 52 . Drug.Scheduling................................................................15 . Benzodiazepines.............................................................. 53 . Schedule.I..........................................................................15 . GHB.................................................................................. 54 . Schedule.II........................................................................ 18 . Rohyphol®.........................................................................56 . Schedule.III.......................................................................20 VIII. Hallucinogens............................................................... 58 . Schedule.IV....................................................................... 23 . Ecstasy/MDMA............................................................... 60 . Schedule.V........................................................................ 25 . K2/Spice............................................................................62 . Federal.Trafficking.Penalties.............................................26 . Ketamine...........................................................................9, 2014 63 . Federal.Trafficking.Penalties.–.Marijuana........................27 . LSD....................................................................................on September 65 III. U. S. Chemical Control....................................................28 . Peyotearchived.&.Mescaline ......................................................... 66 13-10048 . Listed.Chemicals.Chart....................................................No.30 . Psilocybin..........................................................................67 v. Stewart, IV. Introduction to Drug Classes..........................................in U.S. 32 IX. Marijuana/Cannabis.......................................................68 cited V. Narcotics...........................................................................34 X. Steroids.............................................................................70 . Heroin...............................................................................36 XI. Inhalants..........................................................................72 . Hydromorphone............................................................... 37 XII. Drugs of Concern...........................................................74 . Methadone........................................................................ 38 . Bath.Salts.or.Designer.Cathinones..................................74 . Morphine..........................................................................39 . DXM..................................................................................76 . Opium.............................................................................. 40 . Salvia.Divinorum..............................................................78 . Oxycodone........................................................................ 41 XIII. Resources......................................................................79 VI. Stimulants.......................................................................42 . Amphetamines.................................................................44 . Cocaine............................................................................. 45 . Khat...................................................................................47 . Methamphetamine...........................................................48 DRUGS OF ABUSE I 2011 EDITION: A DEA Resource Guide 5 9, 2014 on September archived 13-10048 No. v. Stewart, in U.S. cited WELCOME TO THE LATEST EDITION OF DRUGS OF ABUSE he.abuse.of.drugs.is.not.a.harmless.personal. I.believe.none.of.this.is.necessary,.and.that.with.accurate,. decision:.there.are.real,.long-lasting,.and. honest.information.about.drugs,.more.Americans.will. T devastating.outcomes.for.those.who.abuse. make.the.right.choices..Drugs of Abuse.is.designed.to. drugs.and.for.their.families,.friends,.and.communities.. be.a.reliable.resource.on.the.most.popularly.abused. And.for.some,.the.outcome.may.be.lethal.. drugs..This.publication.delivers.clear,.scientific. With.the.knowledge.contained.in.this.edition,.you.can. information.about.drugs.in.a.factual,.straightforward. make.smart.choices.for.yourself,.and.help.others.avoid. way,.combined.with.scores.of.precise.photographs. the.tragedy.that.inevitably.comes.from.drug.abuse. shot.to.scale..We.believe.that.Drugs of Abuse.fulfills.. and.addiction..Whether.you.purchase.drugs.from.a. an.important.educational.need.in.our.society. 2014 pharmacy,.or.you.get.them.from.a.friend,.knowing.the. Around.the.world.and9,. across.the.nation,.the.dedicated. truth.about.them.will.help.you.understand.the.dangers. menon.and September.women.of .the.DEA.are.working.hard.to. they.pose. archivedinvestigate .and.arrest.the.traffickers.of.dangerous. 13-10048 Measured.in.American.lives,.health,No..safety, .and. drugs,.such.as.those.described.here..They.help.keep. v. Stewart, our.schools.and.neighborhoods.safe.and.secure..But. resources,.this.costU.S..is .enormous: in just.as.important,.they.are.working.hard.to.educate. »» Morecited.young .Americans.die.from.drugs.than. America’s.youth,.their.parents,.and.their.teachers. suicides,.firearms,.or.school.violence; about.the.very.real.dangers.of.illegal.drugs..Drugs of »» The.use.of.illicit.drugs,.and.the.non-medical.use.of. Abuse.is.an.important.step.in.that.direction.. prescription.drugs,.directly.led.to.the.death.of.38,000. Americans.in.2006,.nearly.as.many.who.died.in. automobile.accidents; »» The.only.disease.that.affects.more.people.than. substance.abuse.in.America.today.is.heart.disease; Michele.M..Leonhart. »» Substance.abuse.is.the.single.largest.contributor.to. Administrator crime.in.the.United.States; »» In.the.latest.year.measured,.the.direct.cost.of.drug. abuse.was.estimated.at.$52.billion,.with.indirect.costs. of.$128.billion. II. Controlled Substances Act CONTROLLING DRUGS OR OTHER The.Assistant.Secretary,.by.authority.of.the.Secretary,.compiles. SUBSTANCES THROUGH FORMAL the.information.and.transmits.back.to.the.DEA:.a.medical.and. SCHEDULING scientific.evaluation.regarding.the.drug.or.other.substance,.a. recommendation.as.to.whether.the.drug.should.be.controlled,. The.Controlled.Substances.Act.(CSA).places.all.substances. and.in.what.schedule.it.should.be.placed. which.were.in.some.manner.regulated.under.existing.federal. The.medical.and.scientific.evaluations.are.binding.on.the.DEA. law.into.one.of.five.schedules..This.placement.is.based.upon. with.respect.to.scientific.and.medical.matters.and.form.a.part. the.substance’s.medical.use,.potential.for.abuse,.and.safety.or. of.the.scheduling.decision. dependence.liability..The.Act.also.provides.a.mechanism.for. substances.to.be.controlled.(added.to.or.transferred.between. Once.the.DEA.has.received.the.scientific.and.medical.. schedules).or.decontrolled.(removed.from.control)..The. evaluation.from.HHS,.the.Administrator.will.evaluate.all.available. 9, 2014 procedure.for.these.actions.is.found.in.Section.201.of.the.
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