The Names of 5049 Massacred MEK Members and Supporters
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Rare Birds in Iran in the Late 1960S and 1970S
Podoces, 2008, 3(1/2): 1–30 Rare Birds in Iran in the Late 1960s and 1970s DEREK A. SCOTT Castletownbere Post Office, Castletownbere, Co. Cork, Ireland. Email: [email protected] Received 26 July 2008; accepted 14 September 2008 Abstract: The 12-year period from 1967 to 1978 was a period of intense ornithological activity in Iran. The Ornithology Unit in the Department of the Environment carried out numerous surveys throughout the country; several important international ornithological expeditions visited Iran and subsequently published their findings, and a number of resident and visiting bird-watchers kept detailed records of their observations and submitted these to the Ornithology Unit. These activities added greatly to our knowledge of the status and distribution of birds in Iran, and produced many records of birds which had rarely if ever been recorded in Iran before. This paper gives details of all records known to the author of 92 species that were recorded as rarities in Iran during the 12-year period under review. These include 18 species that had not previously been recorded in Iran, a further 67 species that were recorded on fewer than 13 occasions, and seven slightly commoner species for which there were very few records prior to 1967. All records of four distinctive subspecies are also included. The 29 species that were known from Iran prior to 1967 but not recorded during the period under review are listed in an Appendix. Keywords: Rare birds, rarities, 1970s, status, distribution, Iran. INTRODUCTION Eftekhar, E. Kahrom and J. Mansoori, several of whom quickly became keen ornithologists. -
Petrology and the Origin of the Intrusive Masses of the East of Jiroft
Revista Geoaraguaia ISSN:2236-9716 Barra do Garças - MT v.9, n.2, p.22-36. Agosto 2019 PETROLOGY AND THE ORIGIN OF THE INTRUSIVE MASSES OF THE EAST OF JIROFT PETROLOGIA E ORIGEM DE MATERIAIS INTRUSIVOS NO LESTE DE JIROFT Farbod Faraji Department of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Afshin Ashja-Ardalan Department of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Moosa Kalimi-Noghreeian Department of Geology, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran Hamidreza Jafari Department of Geology, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran ABSTRACT The study area with an area of 55 km2 is located south east of Kerman province and in the area of Jiroft city. This area is structurally and geological division in the Urmia-Dokhtar zone. The Urmia- Dokhtar volcanic belt part of the Alpine-Himalayan is a volcanic belt. Several intrusive bodies are in the east of Jiroft, which is part of Jebalbarez Batolite andigneous actives of JabalBarez area have occurred in four stages. The third magma activity of the region occurred in Oligomiocene and occurred during three phases. its lithological composition includes synogranite and Monzogranite, granodiorite, diorite, quartz monzonite. Quartz, Plagioclase and Potassium feldspar are the major minerals in granites. Biotite, Amphibole, espen, opac minerals are other manufactores of these rocks. Various types of granular, myrmekitic, Graphic and perthite textures are observed in them. Regarding field studies, petrographic, and geochemical studies, granite rocks of meta-aluminum and granitoid components of Iseries are volcanic arc of the continental margin of orogenic region that originate from melting of shell-shaped igneous rocks. -
Spatial Epidemiology of Rabies in Iran
Aus dem Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut eingereicht über den Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Spatial Epidemiology of Rabies in Iran Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Rouzbeh Bashar Tierarzt aus Teheran, Iran Berlin 2019 Journal-Nr.: 4015 'ĞĚƌƵĐŬƚŵŝƚ'ĞŶĞŚŵŝŐƵŶŐĚĞƐ&ĂĐŚďĞƌĞŝĐŚƐsĞƚĞƌŝŶćƌŵĞĚŝnjŝŶ ĚĞƌ&ƌĞŝĞŶhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ ĞŬĂŶ͗ hŶŝǀ͘ͲWƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘:ƺƌŐĞŶĞŶƚĞŬ ƌƐƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ WƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘&ƌĂŶnj:͘ŽŶƌĂƚŚƐ ǁĞŝƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ hŶŝǀ͘ͲWƌŽĨ͘ƌ͘DĂƌĐƵƐŽŚĞƌƌ ƌŝƚƚĞƌ'ƵƚĂĐŚƚĞƌ͗ Wƌ͘<ĞƌƐƚŝŶŽƌĐŚĞƌƐ ĞƐŬƌŝƉƚŽƌĞŶ;ŶĂĐŚͲdŚĞƐĂƵƌƵƐͿ͗ ZĂďŝĞƐ͕DĂŶ͕ŶŝŵĂůƐ͕ŽŐƐ͕ƉŝĚĞŵŝŽůŽŐLJ͕ƌĂŝŶ͕/ŵŵƵŶŽĨůƵŽƌĞƐĐĞŶĐĞ͕/ƌĂŶ dĂŐĚĞƌWƌŽŵŽƚŝŽŶ͗Ϯϴ͘Ϭϯ͘ϮϬϭϵ ŝďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝƐĐŚĞ/ŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĚĞƌĞƵƚƐĐŚĞŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝďůŝŽƚŚĞŬ ŝĞĞƵƚƐĐŚĞEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝďůŝŽƚŚĞŬǀĞƌnjĞŝĐŚŶĞƚĚŝĞƐĞWƵďůŝŬĂƚŝŽŶŝŶĚĞƌĞƵƚƐĐŚĞŶEĂƚŝŽŶĂůďŝͲ ďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝĞ͖ ĚĞƚĂŝůůŝĞƌƚĞ ďŝďůŝŽŐƌĂĨŝƐĐŚĞ ĂƚĞŶ ƐŝŶĚ ŝŵ /ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ƺďĞƌ фŚƚƚƉƐ͗ͬͬĚŶď͘ĚĞх ĂďƌƵĨďĂƌ͘ /^E͗ϵϳϴͲϯͲϴϲϯϴϳͲϵϳϮͲϯ ƵŐů͗͘ĞƌůŝŶ͕&ƌĞŝĞhŶŝǀ͕͘ŝƐƐ͕͘ϮϬϭϵ ŝƐƐĞƌƚĂƚŝŽŶ͕&ƌĞŝĞhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚćƚĞƌůŝŶ ϭϴϴ ŝĞƐĞƐtĞƌŬŝƐƚƵƌŚĞďĞƌƌĞĐŚƚůŝĐŚŐĞƐĐŚƺƚnjƚ͘ ůůĞ ZĞĐŚƚĞ͕ ĂƵĐŚ ĚŝĞ ĚĞƌ mďĞƌƐĞƚnjƵŶŐ͕ ĚĞƐ EĂĐŚĚƌƵĐŬĞƐ ƵŶĚ ĚĞƌ sĞƌǀŝĞůĨćůƚŝŐƵŶŐ ĚĞƐ ƵĐŚĞƐ͕ ŽĚĞƌ dĞŝůĞŶ ĚĂƌĂƵƐ͕ǀŽƌďĞŚĂůƚĞŶ͘<ĞŝŶdĞŝůĚĞƐtĞƌŬĞƐĚĂƌĨŽŚŶĞƐĐŚƌŝĨƚůŝĐŚĞ'ĞŶĞŚŵŝŐƵŶŐĚĞƐsĞƌůĂŐĞƐŝŶŝƌŐĞŶĚĞŝŶĞƌ&Žƌŵ ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵnjŝĞƌƚŽĚĞƌƵŶƚĞƌsĞƌǁĞŶĚƵŶŐĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝƐĐŚĞƌ^LJƐƚĞŵĞǀĞƌĂƌďĞŝƚĞƚ͕ǀĞƌǀŝĞůĨćůƚŝŐƚŽĚĞƌǀĞƌďƌĞŝƚĞƚǁĞƌĚĞŶ͘ ŝĞ tŝĞĚĞƌŐĂďĞ ǀŽŶ 'ĞďƌĂƵĐŚƐŶĂŵĞŶ͕ tĂƌĞŶďĞnjĞŝĐŚŶƵŶŐĞŶ͕ ƵƐǁ͘ ŝŶ ĚŝĞƐĞŵ tĞƌŬ ďĞƌĞĐŚƚŝŐƚ ĂƵĐŚ ŽŚŶĞ ďĞƐŽŶĚĞƌĞ <ĞŶŶnjĞŝĐŚŶƵŶŐ ŶŝĐŚƚ njƵ ĚĞƌ ŶŶĂŚŵĞ͕ ĚĂƐƐ ƐŽůĐŚĞ EĂŵĞŶ ŝŵ ^ŝŶŶĞ ĚĞƌ tĂƌĞŶnjĞŝĐŚĞŶͲ -
The Location Optimization of Wind Turbine Sites with Using the MCDM Approach: a Case Study
Energy Equip. Sys./ Vol. 5/No.2/ June 2017/165-187 Energy Equipment and Systems http://energyequipsys.ut.ac.ir www.energyequipsys.com The location optimization of wind turbine sites with using the MCDM approach: A case study Author ABSTRACT a* Mostafa Rezaei-Shouroki The many advantages of renewable energies—especially wind—such as abundance, permanence, and lack of pollution, have encouraged a Industrial Engineering Department, many industrialized and developing countries to focus more on these Yazd University, Yazd, Iran clean sources of energy. The purpose of this study is to prioritize and rank 13 cities of the Fars province in Iran in terms of their suitability for the construction of a wind farm. Six important criteria are used to prioritize and rank these cities. Among these, wind power density— the most important criterion—was calculated by obtaining the three- hourly wind speed data at the height of 10 m above ground level related to the time period between 2004 and 2013 and then extrapolating these data to acquire wind speed related to the height of 40 m. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method was used for prioritizing and ranking the cities, after which Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Article history: Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) methods were used to assess the validity of the results. According to the results obtained from these Received : 20 September 2016 three methods, the city of Izadkhast is recommended as the best Accepted : 5 February 2017 location for the construction of a wind farm. Keywords: Wind Farm; Prioritizing; Optimization; Fars Province; Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). -
European Medicine and Physicians in Safavid Iran
Archive of SID ORIGINAL ARTICLE European Medicine and Physicians in Safavid Iran 113 Abstract Zahra Eslamifard1 Simultaneous with the establishment of the Safavid dynasty, due to the Behzad Karimi2 developments in the global and regional relations, the ground was pre- Hamed Ahansazan3, 4 pared for the expansion of Iran and Europe relations. The main reasons for this were the propagation of Christianity, the presence of the Otto- 1- Ph.D. of Theology and Islamic Stud- ies, Department of Islamic Education, man government as a common enemy of Iran and Europe, as well as Islamic Azad University, Tehran North commercial interests. These relations reached their peak during the reign Branch, Tehran, Iran of Shah Abbas I., encouraging various groups of Europeans, such as 2- Assistant professor, Iranian Studies Department, Meybod University, Mey- religious missionaries, businessmen, ambassadors, political delegations, bod, Iran tourists, etc. to come to Iran. 3- M.Sc. of History of Medical Scienc- es, Department of History of Medicine, Physicians were seen in all the mentioned groups, especially in religious School of Persian Medicine, Tehran Uni- missionaries. So, owing to their presence, medical knowledge of Euro- versity of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran pean was introduced to Iranians. The first acquaintance with medical 4- History of Medicine Network (HiMed- Net), Universal Scientific Education and profession of European was obtained at the same time as the presence Research Network (USERN), Tehran, of the Portuguese in the Persian Gulf. Syphilis, which was first entered Iran Iran from Europe in the late ninth century and was called smallpox, led Correspondence: European medicine to entering Iran. -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Architecture Faculty of Art and Architecture Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Cell: +98 912 214 2250 Tel: +98 21 8288 3739 Fax: +98 21 88008090 Personal Details Name: Mohammadjavad Surname: Mahdavinejad Scopus Author ID: 53164158600 h-index=13 Affiliation 2008 Assistant Professor, TMU (Tarbiat Modares University), Tehran, Iran. 2013 Associate Professor, TMU (Tarbiat Modares University), Tehran, Iran. 2020 Professor, TMU (Tarbiat Modares University), Tehran, Iran University Education 1996 Diploma, 1996, Exceptional Talented School, Iran. 2003 M.A. in Architecture, 2003, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 2007 Ph.D. in Architecture, 2007, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Honours and Honorific 2009 Honoured for Gifted Research -"Description of Principles of Identity in Islamic Architecture; Explanation of Identity in Islamic Architecture with Particular Reference to the Meaning of Taarof in Quranic Culture", National Institution of Elites, 28 & 29 Oct 2009, Tehran: The Islamic Republic of Iran International Conference Center 2010 "The Most Cited scientist of Iran in era of Art and Architecture", based on citations to articles in scientific journals and research of the country, The Institute of Avant- garde scientists of Iran 2010 "The Book-friend Citizen", The First Festival on Reading Development in the City of Tehran, Culture and Art Organization of Tehran Municipality, 7 Dec. 2010, Tehran: Arasbaran Conference Hall 2011 "The Devoted Architects to Islamic Architecture" – “Khadem-E-Masjid”, Deputy of Architecture and Urbanism of Tehran Municipality, 19 & 20 Apr. 2011, Tehran: Milad Tower Conference Halls 2011 "The Season Book of Islamic Republic of Iran – winter 2011", As the Author of "Urban Regeneration of Heritage of Future", June 21, 2011, Culture, Art & Architecture Research Center. -
Day 1: Flight from Your Home Country to Tehran
Day 1: Flight from your home country to Tehran We prepare ourselves for a fabulous trip to Great Persia. Arrival to Tehran, after custom formality, meet and assist at airport and transfer to the Hotel. O/N: Tehran Day 2: Tehran After breakfast, full day visit Tehran: Niyavaran Palace, Imamzadeh Saleh & Tajrish Bazaar O/N: Tehran The Niavaran Complex is a historical complex situated in Shemiran, Tehran (Greater Tehran), Iran. It consists of several buildings and monuments built in the Qajar and Pahlavi eras. The complex traces its origin to a garden in Niavaran region, which was used as a summer residence by Fath-Ali Shah of the Qajar Dynasty. A pavilion was built in the garden by the order of Naser ed Din Shah of the same dynasty, which was originally referred to as Niavaran House, and was later renamed Saheb Qaranie House. The pavilion of Ahmad Shah Qajar was built in the late Qajar period.During the reign of the Pahlavi Dynasty, a modern built mansion named Niavaran House was built for the imperial family of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. All of the peripheral buildings of the Saheb Qaranie House, with the exception of the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion, were demolished, and the buildings and structures of the present-day complex were built to the north of the Saheb Qaranie House. In the Pahlavi period, the Ahmad Shahi Pavilion served as an exhibition area for the presents from world eaders to the Iranian monarchs. Imamzadeh Saleh is one of many imamzadeh mosques in Iran. The mosque is located at Tajrish Square in Tehran's northern Shemiran district. -
See the Document
IN THE NAME OF GOD IRAN NAMA RAILWAY TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN List of Content Preamble ....................................................................... 6 History ............................................................................. 7 Tehran Station ................................................................ 8 Tehran - Mashhad Route .............................................. 12 IRAN NRAILWAYAMA TOURISM GUIDE OF IRAN Tehran - Jolfa Route ..................................................... 32 Collection and Edition: Public Relations (RAI) Tourism Content Collection: Abdollah Abbaszadeh Design and Graphics: Reza Hozzar Moghaddam Photos: Siamak Iman Pour, Benyamin Tehran - Bandarabbas Route 48 Khodadadi, Hatef Homaei, Saeed Mahmoodi Aznaveh, javad Najaf ...................................... Alizadeh, Caspian Makak, Ocean Zakarian, Davood Vakilzadeh, Arash Simaei, Abbas Jafari, Mohammadreza Baharnaz, Homayoun Amir yeganeh, Kianush Jafari Producer: Public Relations (RAI) Tehran - Goragn Route 64 Translation: Seyed Ebrahim Fazli Zenooz - ................................................ International Affairs Bureau (RAI) Address: Public Relations, Central Building of Railways, Africa Blvd., Argentina Sq., Tehran- Iran. www.rai.ir Tehran - Shiraz Route................................................... 80 First Edition January 2016 All rights reserved. Tehran - Khorramshahr Route .................................... 96 Tehran - Kerman Route .............................................114 Islamic Republic of Iran The Railways -
Spatial Distribution of Congenital Hypothyroidism
ARCHIVES OF Arch Iran Med. August 2021;24(8):636-642 IRANIAN doi 10.34172/aim.2021.90 www.aimjournal.ir MEDICINE Open Original Article Access Spatial Distribution of Congenital Hypothyroidism Behzad Mahaki, PhD1; Neda Mehrnejat, MSc2; Mehdi Zabihi MSc2; Marzie Dalvi BSc2; Maryamsadat Kazemitabaee, MSc2* 1Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2Isfahan Health Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Abstract Background: This study was designed and conducted to investigate the spatial distribution of permanent and temporary congenital hyperthyroidism (PCH and TCH) in Isfahan. Methods: This study was conducted on neonates who were born from March 21, 2006 to March 20, 2011 and had undergone the congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening program in counties affiliated to the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. CH was diagnosed in 958 patients who treated with levothyroxine. The incidence rates of permanent and temporary congenital hypothyroidism in Isfahan province were calculated and their distribution was shown on the map. The space maps were drawn using the ArcGIS software version 9.3. Results: Based on the data obtained from the screening program, the average incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in the province during the period of 2006–2011 was 2.40 infants per 1000 live births (including both PCH and TCH). The most common occurrence was in Ardestan County (10:1000) and the lowest overall incidence was observed in the Fereydounshahr county (1.39:1000). The incidence of PCH in the counties of Ardestan and Golpayegan had the highest rate in all years of study; and the greatest number of TCH cases in the five years were observed in Nain, Natanz, Khansar and Chadegan counties. -
Ciklus Iranskog Filma
CIKLUS IRANSKOG FILMA Iranski kulturni centar i Hrvatski filmski savez Pozivamo vas na svečano otvaranje Ciklusa iranskog filma u srijedu 8. ožujka, 2006. u 20 sati u kino Tuškanac, Tuškanac 1. Prvi je na programu film Svijeća na vjetru (Sham’i dar baad, Candel in the wind) iz 2004. iranske redateljice Pouran Derakhshandeh. Pozivnica vrijedi za prvu večer i za dvije osobe, a na blagajni kina treba uzeti karte petnaest minuta prije početka projekcije. ciklus suvremenog iranskog filma . : Ž ENE U PRVOM LICU Ženama se u U posljednjih dvadesetak godina bismo očekivali u kinematografiji iranskim filmovima iranska je kinematografija osvojila u kojoj nije dopušten bilo kakav vjerojatno najviše nagrada na na ekranu vidljiv dodir muškarca i odaje poštovanje međunarodnim festivalima, a status žene i u društvu gdje se ljubavnica koje zaslužuju svjetski priznatih autora stekli smatra zločinkom. Redateljevo su Abbas Kiarostami, Dariush predstavljanje te žene kao složene Mehrjui, Jafar Panahi, Majid ličnosti i njena doživljavanja situa- Majidi, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, pa i cije kao ravnopravna ostalima njegova kći Samira, koja je s osam- na neki način pomaže uklapanju naest godina režirala vrlo dobar Hemlocka u ovaj moglo bi se reći film Jabuka. Većina stranaca držala “ženski” ciklus iranskog filma. je taj slučaj posebnim u okviru Suvremenom temom bavi se položaja žene u tradicionalističkom i prva žena koja je počela režirati islamskom društvu i dovodila ga nakon islamske revolucije potkraj prvenstveno u vezu s njezinim ocem. No, kao sedamdesetih godina – Pouran Derakshandeh i većina zapadnih stereotipa o Iranu ni ovaj nije u neujednačenu, ali mjestimice vrlo originalnu točan, jer od velike iranske produkcije deset Candle in the Wind o mladom muškarcu koji ne posto su režirale žene, na što je naglasak poseb- uspijeva naći smisao života u suvremenu vele- nim programom stavio nedavni azijski festival u gradu u kojem su sve osjetnije karakteristike i Bombayu. -
Mayors for Peace Member Cities 2021/10/01 平和首長会議 加盟都市リスト
Mayors for Peace Member Cities 2021/10/01 平和首長会議 加盟都市リスト ● Asia 4 Bangladesh 7 China アジア バングラデシュ 中国 1 Afghanistan 9 Khulna 6 Hangzhou アフガニスタン クルナ 杭州(ハンチォウ) 1 Herat 10 Kotwalipara 7 Wuhan ヘラート コタリパラ 武漢(ウハン) 2 Kabul 11 Meherpur 8 Cyprus カブール メヘルプール キプロス 3 Nili 12 Moulvibazar 1 Aglantzia ニリ モウロビバザール アグランツィア 2 Armenia 13 Narayanganj 2 Ammochostos (Famagusta) アルメニア ナラヤンガンジ アモコストス(ファマグスタ) 1 Yerevan 14 Narsingdi 3 Kyrenia エレバン ナールシンジ キレニア 3 Azerbaijan 15 Noapara 4 Kythrea アゼルバイジャン ノアパラ キシレア 1 Agdam 16 Patuakhali 5 Morphou アグダム(県) パトゥアカリ モルフー 2 Fuzuli 17 Rajshahi 9 Georgia フュズリ(県) ラージシャヒ ジョージア 3 Gubadli 18 Rangpur 1 Kutaisi クバドリ(県) ラングプール クタイシ 4 Jabrail Region 19 Swarupkati 2 Tbilisi ジャブライル(県) サルプカティ トビリシ 5 Kalbajar 20 Sylhet 10 India カルバジャル(県) シルヘット インド 6 Khocali 21 Tangail 1 Ahmedabad ホジャリ(県) タンガイル アーメダバード 7 Khojavend 22 Tongi 2 Bhopal ホジャヴェンド(県) トンギ ボパール 8 Lachin 5 Bhutan 3 Chandernagore ラチン(県) ブータン チャンダルナゴール 9 Shusha Region 1 Thimphu 4 Chandigarh シュシャ(県) ティンプー チャンディーガル 10 Zangilan Region 6 Cambodia 5 Chennai ザンギラン(県) カンボジア チェンナイ 4 Bangladesh 1 Ba Phnom 6 Cochin バングラデシュ バプノム コーチ(コーチン) 1 Bera 2 Phnom Penh 7 Delhi ベラ プノンペン デリー 2 Chapai Nawabganj 3 Siem Reap Province 8 Imphal チャパイ・ナワブガンジ シェムリアップ州 インパール 3 Chittagong 7 China 9 Kolkata チッタゴン 中国 コルカタ 4 Comilla 1 Beijing 10 Lucknow コミラ 北京(ペイチン) ラクノウ 5 Cox's Bazar 2 Chengdu 11 Mallappuzhassery コックスバザール 成都(チォントゥ) マラパザーサリー 6 Dhaka 3 Chongqing 12 Meerut ダッカ 重慶(チョンチン) メーラト 7 Gazipur 4 Dalian 13 Mumbai (Bombay) ガジプール 大連(タァリィェン) ムンバイ(旧ボンベイ) 8 Gopalpur 5 Fuzhou 14 Nagpur ゴパルプール 福州(フゥチォウ) ナーグプル 1/108 Pages -
South Caspian River Mouth Configuration Under Human Impact and Sea Level Fluctuations
ﻋـﻠـﻮم ﻣﺤـﯿـﻄﯽ ﺳﺎل ﭘﻨﺠﻢ، ﺷﻤﺎره دوم، زﻣﺴﺘﺎن 1386 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Vol.5, No.2 , Winter 2008 65-86 South Caspian River Mouth Configuration Under Human Impact and Sea level Fluctuations 1 ,1,2 2 Vahid Tavakoli , Abdol Hossein Amini , ٭Hamid Alizadeh Ketek Lahijani 1- Iranian National Center for Oceanography 2- Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tehran Abstract Rivers that flow from the Iranian coast to the Caspian Sea encompass 135,000 km2 of that ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژي دﻫﺎﻧﻪ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﻮب ﺧﺰر در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ اﺛﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﯽ و ﻧﻮﺳﺎن ﺗﺮاز آب catchment’s basin and supply 40 million ton sediment to the Caspian coast annually. The ﺣﻤﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﯿﺰاده ﮐﺘﮏ ﻻﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ٭1، وﺣﯿﺪ ﺗﻮﮐﻠﯽ1و2، ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻣﯿﻨﯽdynamics of river mouths and deltas are studied 2 using hydrological data of the rivers, air photos, 1- ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻣﻠﯽ اﻗﯿﺎﻧﻮس ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﯾﺮان satellite images and geological and 2- ﮔﺮوه زﻣﯿﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان geomorphological maps as well as field observations and sediment sampling. Results from ﭼﮑﯿﺪه this study show that the morphology of the river رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﺳﺎﺣﻞ اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺧﺰر ﻣﯽرﯾﺰﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺣﺪود ﯾﮑﺼﺪ و mouths and deltas are mainly controlled by marine ﺳﯽ و ﭘﻨﺞ ﻫﺰار ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ، ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺣﺪود ﭼﻬﻞ ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن ﺗﻦ رﺳﻮب وارد ware-induced currents and sea level changes) and) ﺧﺰر ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. دﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮏ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ و دﻟﺘﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دادهﻫﺎي fluvial processes. Among these factors, sea level آبﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ، ﻋﮑﺲﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﯾﯽ، ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻮارهاي، ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي and riparian sediment supply have great variability. Analysis of hydrological data revealed زﻣﯿﻦﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و رﯾﺨﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداريﻫﺎي that, during the past few decades with increasing ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.