Phosphine, Adsorbed Sds Id: 00232050

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Phosphine, Adsorbed Sds Id: 00232050 Safety Data Sheet Material Name: PHOSPHINE, ADSORBED SDS ID: 00232050 * * *Section 1 - IDENTIFICATION* * * Product Identifier: PHOSPHINE, ADSORBED Trade Names/Synonyms HYDROGEN PHOSPHIDE; PHOSPHORUS TRIHYDRIDE Chemical Family hydrides Product Description This gas may be packaged in an SDS®, SAGE® or PDS ® gas source package. This cylinder contains an adsorbent material that allows gas contents to be at sub-atmospheric pressures. There is no possibility of contact or exposure to the adsorbent. This SDS addresses only the hazards of the gas. Recommended Use semi-conductor fabrication, general synthetic chemical Restrictions on Use None known. Entegris, Inc. 129 Concord Road Building 2 Billerica, MA 01821 USA Telephone Number: +1-952-556-4181 Telephone Number: +1-800-394-4083 (toll free within North America) Emergency Telephone Number: CHEMTREC - U.S. - 1-800-424-9300 CHEMTREC - Intl. - 1-703-527-3887 Email of Competent Person [email protected] * * *Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION* * * Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1200 Flammable gas, Category 1 Acute Toxicity (Inhalation), Category 1 Skin Corrosion / Irritation, Category 1 Eye Damage / Irritation, Category 1 Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure, Category 1 (cardiovascular system, digestive tract, liver, nervous system, and respiratory system) ____________________________________________________________ Page 1 of 10 Issue Date 07/23/15 Revision 3.0000 Print Date: 08/12/15 Safety Data Sheet Material Name: PHOSPHINE, ADSORBED SDS ID: 00232050 Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure, Category 1 (nervous system and respiratory system) Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment - Acute Hazard, Category 1 GHS LABEL ELEMENTS Symbol(s) Signal Word DANGER Hazard Statement(s) Extremely flammable gas Fatal if inhaled Causes severe skin burns and eye damage Causes damage to cardiovascular system, digestive tract, liver, nervous system, and respiratory system. Causes damage to nervous system and respiratory system through prolonged or repeated exposure. Very toxic to aquatic life Precautionary Statement(s) Prevention Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame, and hot surfaces - No smoking. Do not breathe gas. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear respiratory protection. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product. Avoid release to the environment. Response Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. IF exposed: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Specific treatment is urgent, see first aid section of Safety Data Sheet. IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. DO NOT induce vomiting. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. Collect spillage. Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Disposal Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazard(s) Not Otherwise Classified None known. * * *Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS* * * CAS Component Percent 7803-51-2 PHOSPHINE 100 ____________________________________________________________ Page 2 of 10 Issue Date 07/23/15 Revision 3.0000 Print Date: 08/12/15 Safety Data Sheet Material Name: PHOSPHINE, ADSORBED SDS ID: 00232050 There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the concentrations applicable, are classified as hazardous to health or the environment and hence require reporting in this section. Occupational exposure limits, if available, are listed in Section 8. * * *Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES* * * Description of Necessary Measures Inhalation If adverse effects occur, remove to uncontaminated area. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. If breathing is difficult, oxygen should be administered by qualified personnel. Get immediate medical attention. Skin Wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get immediate medical attention. Thoroughly clean and dry contaminated clothing and shoes before reuse. Destroy contaminated shoes. If frostbite or freezing occur, immediately flush with plenty of lukewarm water (100-105 F, 38-41 C). DO NOT USE HOT WATER. If warm water is not available, gently wrap affected parts in blankets. Get immediate medical attention. Eyes Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 60 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Then get immediate medical attention. Ingestion If swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Get immediate medical attention. Most Important Symptoms/Effects Acute Fatal if inhaled, respiratory tract burns, skin burns, eye burns, mucous membrane burns, cardiovascular system damage, digestive tract damage, liver damage, nervous system damage, respiratory system damage Delayed nervous system damage, respiratory system damage Indication of Immediate Medical Attention and Special Treatment For inhalation, consider oxygen. Avoid gastric lavage or emesis. * * *Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES* * * Suitable Extinguishing Media regular dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, alcohol-resistant foam Let burn unless leak can be stopped immediately. Large fires: water spray or fog, alcohol-resistant foam Unsuitable Extinguishing Media Do not use halogenated extinguishing agents. Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical Severe fire hazard. May ignite on exposure to air. Vapor/air mixtures are explosive. Containers may rupture or explode if exposed to heat. Hazardous Combustion Products Thermal decomposition or combustion products: oxides of phosphorus ____________________________________________________________ Page 3 of 10 Issue Date 07/23/15 Revision 3.0000 Print Date: 08/12/15 Safety Data Sheet Material Name: PHOSPHINE, ADSORBED SDS ID: 00232050 Fire Fighting Measures Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers with water spray until well after the fire is out. Stay away from the ends of tanks. For fires in cargo or storage area: Cool containers with water from unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles until well after fire is out. If this is impossible then take the following precautions: Keep unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. Let the fire burn. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tanks due to fire. For tank, rail car or tank truck: Evacuation radius: 800 meters (1/2 mile). Do not attempt to extinguish fire unless flow of material can be stopped first. Flood with fine water spray. Cool containers with water. Apply water from a protected location or from a safe distance. Avoid inhalation of material or combustion by-products. Stay upwind and keep out of low areas. Special Protective Equipment and Precautions for Firefighters Wear full protective fire fighting gear including self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) for protection against possible exposure. * * *Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES* * * Personal Precautions, Protective Equipment and Emergency Procedures Wear personal protective clothing and equipment. Avoid release to the environment. Collect spillage. Notify Local Emergency Planning Committee and State Emergency Response Commission for release greater than or equal to RQ (U.S. SARA Section 304). If release occurs in the U.S. and is reportable under CERCLA Section 103, notify the National Response Center at (800)424-8802 (USA) or (202)426-2675 (USA). Methods and Materials for Containment and Cleaning Up Avoid heat, flames, sparks and other sources of ignition. Stop leak if possible without personal risk. Reduce vapors with water spray. Keep unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. Remove sources of ignition. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. * * *Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE* * * Precautions for Safe Handling Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame, and hot surfaces - No smoking. Do not breathe gas. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear respiratory protection. Wash thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves/clothing and eye/face protection. Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product. Subject to handling regulations: U.S. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.119. Conditions for Safe Storage, including any Incompatibilities Store and handle in accordance with all current regulations and standards. Store in a tightly closed container. Protect from sunlight. May ignite on exposure to air. Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with water or moisture. Avoid heat, flames, sparks and other sources of ignition. Store locked up. Protect from physical damage. Subject to storage regulations: U.S. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.101. Notify State Emergency Response Commission for storage or use at amounts greater than or equal to the TPQ (U.S. EPA SARA Section 302). SARA Section 303 requires facilities storing a material
Recommended publications
  • Alcohols Combined 1405
    ALCOHOLS COMBINED 1405 Formulas: Table 1 MW: Table 1 CAS: Table 2 RTECS: Table 2 METHOD: 1405, Issue 1 EVALUATION: PARTIAL Issue 1: 15 March 2003 OSHA : Table 2 PROPERTIES: Table 1 NIOSH: Table 2 ACGIH: Table 2 COMPOUNDS: (1) n-butyl alcohol (4) n-propyl alcohol (7) cyclohexanol (2) sec-butyl alcohol (5) allyl alcohol (8) isoamyl alcohol (3) isobutyl alcohol (6) diacetone alcohol (9) methyl isobutyl carbinol SYNONYMS: See Table 3. SAMPLING MEASUREMENT SAMPLER: SOLID SORBENT TUBE TECHNIQUE: GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, FID (Coconut shell charcoal, 100 mg/50 mg) ANALYTE: Compounds above FLOW RATE: 0.01 to 0.2 L/min DESORPTION: 1 mL 5% 2-propanol in CS2 Compounds: (1-3 ) (4-9) VOL-MIN: 2 L 1 L INJECTION -MAX: 10 L 10 L VOLUME: 1 µL SHIPMENT: Routine TEMPERATURE -INJECTION: 220 °C SAMPLE -DETECTOR: 250 - 300 °C STABILITY: See Evaluation of Method. -COLUMN: 35 °C (7 minutes), to 60 °C at 5 °C/minute, hold 5 minutes, up to BLANKS: 2 to 10 field blanks per set 120 °C at 10 °C /minute, hold 3 minutes. CARRIER GAS: He, 4 mL/min ACCURACY COLUMN: Capillary, fused silica, 30 m x 0.32-mm RANGE STUDIED: Not studied [1, 2]. ID; 0.5 µm film polyethylene glycol, DB- wax or equivalent BIAS: Not determined CALIBRATION: Solutions of analyte in eluent (internal OVERALL standard optional) PRECISION (Ö ): Not determined rT RANGE: See EVALUATION OF METHOD. ACCURACY: Not determined ESTIMATED LOD: 1 µg each analyte per sample PRECISION: See EVALUATION OF METHOD. APPLICABILITY: This method may be used to determine two or more of the specified analytes simultaneously.
    [Show full text]
  • Alcoholsalcohols
    AlcoholsAlcohols Chapter 10 1 Structure of Alcohols • The functional group of an alcohol is H an -OH group bonded to an sp3 O 108.9° hybridized carbon. C H – Bond angles about the hydroxyl oxygen H H atom are approximately 109.5°. • Oxygen is sp3 hybridized. –Two sp3 hybrid orbitals form sigma bonds to a carbon and a hydrogen. – The remaining two sp3 hybrid orbitals each contain an unshared pair of electrons. 2 Nomenclature of Alcohols • IUPAC names – The parent chain is the longest chain that contains the OH group. – Number the parent chain to give the OH group the lowest possible number. – Change the suffix -etoe -ol.ol • Common names – Name the alkyl group bonded to oxygen followed by the word alcohol.alcohol 3 Nomenclature of Alcohols OH o o 1o OH 1 2 OH 1-Propanol 2-Propan ol 1-Bu tanol (Pro py l alco ho l) (Isoprop yl alcoh ol) (Bu tyl alcoh ol) OH 2o OH 1o OH 3o 2-Butanol 2-M eth yl-1-p ropan ol 2-M eth yl-2-p ropan ol (sec-Butyl alcohol) (Isobutyl alcohol) (tert -Butyl alcohol) 4 Nomenclature of Alcohols • Compounds containing more than one OH group are named diols, triols, etc. CH2 CH2 CH3 CHCH2 CH2 CHCH2 OH OH HO OH HO HO OH 1,2-Ethanediol 1,2-Propanediol 1,2,3-Propanetriol (Ethylene glycol) (Propylene glycol) (Glycerol, Glycerine) 5 Physical Properties • Alcohols are polar compounds. – They interact with themselves and with other polar compounds by dipole-dipole interactions. • Dipole-dipole interaction: The attraction between the positive end of one dipole and the negative end of another.
    [Show full text]
  • Manganese-Catalyzed Β‑Alkylation of Secondary Alcohols with Primary Alcohols Under Phosphine-Free Conditions
    Letter Cite This: ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 7201−7207 pubs.acs.org/acscatalysis Manganese-Catalyzed β‑Alkylation of Secondary Alcohols with Primary Alcohols under Phosphine-Free Conditions † ‡ † † † § Tingting Liu, , Liandi Wang, Kaikai Wu, and Zhengkun Yu*, , † Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China ‡ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China § State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Manganese(I) complexes bearing a pyridyl-supported pyr- azolyl-imidazolyl ligand efficiently catalyzed the direct β-alkylation of secondary alcohols with primary alcohols under phosphine-free conditions. The β-alkylated secondary alcohols were obtained in moderate to good yields with water formed as the byproduct through a borrowing hydrogen pathway. β-Alkylation of cholesterols was also effectively achieved. The present protocol provides a concise atom-economical method for C−C bond formation from primary and secondary alcohols. KEYWORDS: manganese, alcohols, alkylation, borrowing hydrogen, cholesterols onstruction of carbon−carbon bonds is of great impor- metals. In particular, it is capable of existing in several C tance in organic synthesis.1 More and more concern on oxidation states. Milstein and co-workers reported α- the consequence of climate change and dwindling crude oil olefination of nitriles,14a dehydrogenative cross-coupling of reserves results in the search for alternative carbon resources alcohols with amines,14b N-formylation of amines with 2 for the formation of C−C bonds. Thus, readily available methanol,15 and deoxygenation of alcohols16 catalyzed by alcohols have recently been paid much attention to be utilized pincer-type Mn-PNP complexes.
    [Show full text]
  • Phosphine Solubilities 281 1. Phosphine; PH3; 2. Organic Liquids. [7803-51-2] P. G. T. Fogg, School of Chemistry, Polytechnic Of
    Phosphine Solubilities 281 COHPONENTS: EVALUATOR: P. G. T. Fogg, 1. Phosphine; PH ; [7803-51-2] School of Chemistry, 3 Polytechnic of North London, 2. Organic liquids. Holloway, London N7 8DB United Kingdom. August 1983 CRITICAL EVALUATION: Data obtained by Palmer et aZ (1) and by Devyatykh et aZ (2) have been discussed in detail by Gerrard (3). Mole fraction solubilities calculated from measurements by Palmer et aZ. fall into a consistent pattern with a lower solubility in hydrogen bonded solvents compared with other solvents. There is also an increase in mole fraction solubility with increase in chain length in the case of straight chain alkanes. Solubilities are in the order: in benzene < in cyclohexene < in cyclohexane and in benzene < in toluene < in xylene. The variation of solubility in nitrobenzene, with change in temperature, was measured by both Palmer et aZ. and by Devyatykh et aZ. The ratio V01'PH3/vOl'solvent for a temperature of 295.2 K has been estimated by the compiler from data given by Devyatykh et aZ. to be 8.4. This may be compared with the value of 3.06 given by Palmer et aZ. for a pressure of 1 atm. There is a similar discrepancy between the solubility in liquid paraffin calculated from the data of Devyatykh et aZ and that measured by Palmer. There is also a marked difference between the solubility of phosphine in didecyl phthalate calculated from data given by Devyatykh and that in dibutyl phthalate measured by Palmer. Expressed as V01'PH3/vOl'solvent at 295.7 K the former gives 22.2 and the latter 3.23.
    [Show full text]
  • Electronic Supporting Information for Alcohol Oxidation with H2O2
    Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Electronic Supporting Information for Alcohol Oxidation with H2O2 Catalyzed by a Cheap and Promptly Available Imine Based Iron Complex. Giorgio Olivo,a,b Simone Giosia,a Alessia Barbieri,a Osvaldo Lanzalunga,a and Stefano Di Stefano*,b aDipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” and Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche (IMC-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy bCurrent address: Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain S1 Table of contents Instruments and General Methods........................................................................................................3 Materials...............................................................................................................................................3 0.5 gram-scale oxidation ......................................................................................................................4 Cyclohexanol....................................................................................................................................4 Cycloheptanol...................................................................................................................................4 Competitive Oxidation
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis of Cyclohexene the Dehydration of Cyclohexanol
    Synthesis of Cyclohexene The Dehydration of Cyclohexanol. The general approach towards carrying out an organic reaction: (1) Write out the balanced reaction, using structural formulas. (2) Construct a table of relevant information for reactants and products – e.g., MPs, BPs, MWs, densities, hazardous properties. (3) Calculate the correct molar ratios of reactants. Convert moles to grams and milliliters. (4) Mix correct amounts of reactants, solvents, catalysts in correct order to give specific concentrations. Possibly heat or cool or irradiate with UV light, allow to react for necessary amount of time, possibly follow reaction progress using chromatography (e.g., TLC, GC) or spectroscopy (e.g., IR, NMR). (5) After reaction is complete, the reaction mixture is usually a complex mixture of desired product(s), byproducts, unreacted starting materials, solvents, and catalyst. Product may be light, heat, or air (O2) sensitive. (6) Separation and purification steps (so-called reaction work-up). Some combination of extractions, distillations, recrystallizations, chromatography, etc are used for the work-up. (7) Identify product(s) using spectroscopy (IR, NMR, etc), chromatography (GC, TLC, etc), physical properties (MP, BP, etc), and occasionally chemical tests. Cyclohexene. In the presence of a strong acid, an alcohol can be dehydrated to form an alkene. The acid used in this experiment is 85% phosphoric acid and the alcohol is cyclohexanol. The phosphoric acid is a catalyst and as such increases the rate of reaction but does not affect the overall stoichiometry. It can be seen from the balanced reaction that 1 mole of alcohol produces 1 mole of alkene. The theoretical yield of alkene in moles is therefore equal to the number of moles of alcohol used.
    [Show full text]
  • Atmospheric Fate of a Series of Saturated Alcohols: Kinetic And
    1 Atmospheric fate of a series of saturated alcohols: kinetic and 2 mechanistic study 3 Inmaculada Colmenar1,2, Pilar Martin1,2, Beatriz Cabañas1,2, Sagrario Salgado1,2, Araceli 4 Tapia1,2, Inmaculada Aranda1,2 5 1Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías 6 Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/N, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain 7 2Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Instituto de Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Camino 8 Moledores S/N, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain 9 Correspondence to: Pilar Martín ([email protected]) 10 Keywords. Saturated alcohols, additives, biofuel, atmosphere, reactivity. 11 Abstract. The atmospheric fate of a series of saturated alcohols (SAs) has been evaluated through the kinetic and 12 reaction product studies with the main atmospheric oxidants. These SAs are alcohols that could be used as fuel 13 additives. Rate coefficients (in cm3 molecule−1 s−1 unit) measured at 298K and atmospheric pressure (720 20 −10 14 Torr) were as follows: k1 (E-4-methyl-cyclohexanol + Cl) = (3.70 ± 0.16) × 10 , k2 (E-4-methyl-cyclohexanol + -−11 −15 15 OH) = (1.87 ± 0.14) × 10 , k3 (E-4-methyl-cyclohexanol + NO3) = (2.69 ± 0.37) × 10 , k4 (3,3-dimethyl-1- −10 −12 16 butanol + Cl) = (2.69 ± 0.16) × 10 , k5 (3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol + OH) = (5.33 ± 0.16) × 10 , k6 (3,3-dimethyl- −10 −12 17 2-butanol + Cl) = (1.21 ± 0.07) × 10 and k7 (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol + OH) = (10.50 ± 0.25) × 10 . The main 18 products detected in the reaction of SAs with Cl atoms (absence/presence of NOx), OH and NO3 radicals were: E- 19 4-methylcyclohexanone for the reactions of E-4-methyl-cyclohexanol, 3,3-dimethylbutanal for the reactions of 20 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol and 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone for the reactions of 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol.
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanism of Phenol Alkylation in Zeolite H-BEA Using in Situ
    Article pubs.acs.org/JACS Mechanism of Phenol Alkylation in Zeolite H‑BEA Using In Situ Solid- State NMR Spectroscopy † § † § † † ‡ † Zhenchao Zhao, , Hui Shi, , Chuan Wan, Mary Y. Hu, Yuanshuai Liu, Donghai Mei, † † † ‡ Donald M. Camaioni, Jian Zhi Hu,*, and Johannes A. Lercher*, , † Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States ‡ Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, TU München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: The reaction mechanism of solid-acid-catalyzed phenol alkylation with cyclohexanol and cyclohexene in the apolar solvent decalin has been studied using in situ 13C MAS NMR spectroscopy. Phenol alkylation with cyclohexanol sets in only after a majority of cyclohexanol is dehydrated to cyclohexene. As phenol and cyclohexanol show similar adsorption strength, this strict reaction sequence is not caused by the limited access of phenol to cyclohexanol, but is due to the absence of a reactive electrophile as long as a significant fraction of cyclohexanol is present. 13C isotope labeling demonstrates that the reactive electrophile, the cyclohexyl carbenium ion, is directly formed in a protonation step when cyclohexene is the coreactant. In the presence of cyclohexanol, its protonated dimers at Brønsted acid sites hinder the adsorption of cyclohexene and the formation of a carbenium ion. Thus, it is demonstrated that protonated cyclohexanol dimers dehydrate without the formation of a carbenium ion, which would otherwise have contributed to the alkylation in the kinetically relevant step. Isotope scrambling shows that intramolecular rearrangement of cyclohexyl phenyl ether does not significantly contribute to alkylation at the aromatic ring.
    [Show full text]
  • Dehydration of Cyclohexanol – Preparation of an Alkene CHM 220
    Dehydration of Cyclohexanol – Preparation of an Alkene CHM 220 INTRODUCTION Earlier this semester you reacted an alcohol (n-butanol) with a Hydro-halide acid (Hydro-bromic Acid) to generate an alkyl halide. This reaction occurred through the SN2 pathway. In this experiment you will react an alcohol (cyclohexanol) utilizing an acid catalyst (sulfuric acid) to “dehydrate” the alcohol and form an alkene (cyclohexene). Alcohols are frequently converted into the desired alkene using an acid catalyzed Elimination reaction. The term “dehydrate” means to remove water and is used to identify the nature of the atoms/molecules eliminated to form the double bond of the alkene in our product. Primary (1O) alcohols require strong acids and significant amounts of heat (up to 180O C or more). Secondary alcohols (2O) are somewhat easier to dehydrate requiring slightly lower temperatures, where Tertiary (3O) alcohols will undergo dehydration at room temperature or only slightly above that. The dehydration of cyclohexanol follows the E1 mechanistic pathway. The dehydration reaction involved three steps. First to occur is the protonation of the alcohol by the acid, in the process the Hydroxyl- group is converted from a poor leaving group to a good leaving group. This then result is the formation of a 2O carbocation intermediate in the second step. Finally, we generate an alkene following the loss of a proton adjacent to the carbocation. OH OH2 + + H2SO4 HSO4 OH2 + H2O + + HSO4 H2SO4 H In each case these reactions are reversible and are under conditions of equilibrium. Since each step is in equilibrium we must make use of Le Chatelier’s principle to drive the reaction in the desired direction.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Compatibility Guide
    20887Cvr:Layout 1 5/13/08 7:39 AM Page 2 Chemical Compatibility Guide Aro is pleased to present this selection guide to provide a convenient and informative reference point for pump selection. This information was compiled from information provided by material suppliers and manufacturers. The compatibility listings are intended as a guide only. We assume no liability for their accuracy on their use. The user should test under their own operating conditions to determine the suitability of any compound and material in a particular application. 20887Txt:43077 5/12/08 8:36 AM Page 1 20887Txt:43077 5/12/08 8:36 AM Page 1 THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERS (TPE’s) verses THERMOSETTING RUBBER DIAPHRAGMS Aro’s direction has been to move toward replacement of traditional thermoset rubber diaphragms with thermoplastic elastomers (TPE). Examples of TPE’s include: Santoprene, Nitrile (TPE) and Hytrel. TPE’s are manufactured using a plastic injection molding process where the resin, or diaphragm material, is melted and injected into a mold to produce the diaphragm. The advantages of this process includes: Features Benefits Diaphragm is molded to optimum shape Excellent flex life Homogenous part No delamination failures High performance resins Chemical, abrasion and flex life Injection molded/tight process control Low cost/consistent performance Laboratory testing has shown: Injection Mold Process Santoprene outperformed all rubber diaphragms except Buna in the mild abrasive fluids. Molded Diaphragm The Geolast diaphragm had equivalent life to the Buna diaphragms and was superior to the other rubbers compounds. 1 Teflon with the Santoprene backer exhibited the best flex life of all diaphragms during the test series.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Resistance Chart Version 11/2018 | PDF Only | Bürkert Applied Marketing & Design Applied Marketing 11/2018 | PDF Only Bürkert Version
    Chemical Resistance Chart Version 11/2018 | PDF only | Bürkert Applied Marketing & Design Applied Marketing 11/2018 | PDF only Bürkert Version Check chemical resistance online. Download our mobile resistApp for free: Click to start the resistApp! Bürkert Fluid Control Systems Christian-Bürkert-Straße 13 -17 74653 Ingelfingen Germany Tel.: +49 7940 10 0 Fax: +49 7940 10 91204 [email protected] www.burkert.com Introduction 3 Introduction When dealing with aggressive fluids the user is continuously faced with the problem of finding compatible materials. In order to simplify the selection of suitable materials when using Bürkert products for aggressive fluids, the following tables provide useful information on the optimal choice of housing and gasket materials for a multitude of media. Since corrosion performance is influenced by several factors, the information contained Content in this brochure should be treated only as a guide and is not necessarily valid for all op- erating conditions. Increased temperatures, higher concentrations, and the inadvertent 3 Introduction ingress of water in originally pure chemicals can all lead to accelerated corrosion. 4 Structure and content of the chemical resistance charts Dependent on the purity of the fluid as well as the compounding and nature of vulca- 5 Interpretation of Symbols nisation of the gasket materials, deviations can result which affect the suitability and durability of the plastics and elastomers. 5 References 6 Overview The information quoted in this guide does not consider the effect of mechanical load- ing, which may also have a bearing on the material performance in the fluid. In cases 8 Resistance in basic chemicals of doubt when considering our products, we strongly recommend the prior testing of 32 Resistance in commercial products samples with various material combinations, in order to establish and check their suit- ability under the actual operating conditions of the application.
    [Show full text]
  • SDS CANADA Item# 1750566 Version #: 02 Revision Date: 11-16-2018 Issue Date: 06-25-2018 1 / 9 Response IF SWALLOWED: Rinse Mouth
    SAFETY DATA SEEET 1. Identification Product identifier Tyme™-1 Cold Parts Cleaner Other means of identification Product Code Item# 1750566 Recommended use Parts cleaning solvent for use in cold cleaner / dip tank Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufactured or sold byc Company name CRC Canada Co. Address 83 Galaxy Blvd Unit 35 - 37 Toronto, ON M9W 5X6 Canada Telephone General Information 416-847-7750 24-Eour Emergency 800-424-9300 (Canada) (CEEMTREC) Website www.crc-canada.ca E-mail [email protected] 2. Eazard identification Physical hazards Not classified. Eealth hazards Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1C Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Sensitization, skin Category 1B Carcinogenicity Category 1B Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 narcotic effects Environmental hazards Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute Category 2 hazard Hazardous to the aquatic environment, Category 2 long-term hazard Label elements Signal word Danger Eazard statement Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause an allergic skin reaction. Causes serious eye damage. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. May cause cancer. Toxic to aquatic life. Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Precautionary statement Prevention Obtain special instructions before use. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Do not breathe mist or vapor. Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Avoid release to the environment. Material name: Tyme™-1 Cold Parts Cleaner SDS CANADA Item# 1750566 Version #: 02 Revision date: 11-16-2018 Issue date: 06-25-2018 1 / 9 Response IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth.
    [Show full text]