Amazing Species: Tiger

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© Alex Sliwa © Amazing Species: Tiger The Tiger, Panthera tigris, is listed as ‘Endangered’ on the IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM. The largest of all cats, the tiger once occurred throughout central, eastern and southern Asia. However, in the past 100 years, the tiger has lost more than 93 per cent of its historic range and now only survives in scattered populations in 13 countries, from India to Southeast Asia, and in Sumatra, China and the Russian Far East. Geographical range The Caspian, Javan and Bali Tigers are already extinct, and of the remaining six Knowledge subspecies, the South China Tiger has not been observed for many years. Poaching and Experts illegal killing are the major threats to the species, to meet an illicit demand in high-value Action tiger body parts for the Oriental medicine market. Habitat loss and overhunting of tigers Get Involved and their natural prey have also caused a reduction in distribution and, over the past century, tiger numbers have fallen from about 100,000 individuals to an estimated 3,500. Tigers are included on Appendix I of the Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), prohibiting their international commercial trade. The future of this species also depends upon conserving and protecting large areas of suitable habitat with viable populations, while working with local communities to discourage retributive killings. The production of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is made possible through the IUCN Red List Partnership..

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(Rev Cop16) on Conservation of and Trade in Tiger
SC65 Doc. 38 Annex 1 REVIEW OF IMPLEMENTATION OF RESOLUTION CONF. 12.5 (REV. COP16) ON CONSERVATION OF AND TRADE IN TIGERS AND OTHER APPENDIX-I ASIAN BIG CAT SPECIES* Report to the CITES Secretariat for the 65th meeting of the Standing Committee Kristin Nowell, CAT and IUCN Cat Specialist Group and Natalia Pervushina, TRAFFIC With additional support from WWF Table of Contents Section Page Executive Summary 2 1. Introduction 8 2. Methods 11 3. Conservation status of Asian big cats 12 4. Seizure records for Asian big cats 13 4.1. Seizures – government reports 13 4.1.1. International trade databases 13 4.1.2. Party reports to CITES 18 4.1.3. Interpol Operation Prey 19 4.2. Seizures – range State and NGO databases 20 4.2.1. Tigers 21 4.2.2. Snow leopards 25 4.2.3. Leopards 26 4.2.4. Other species 27 5. Implementation of CITES recommendations: best practices and 28 continuing challenges 5.1. Legislative and regulatory measures 28 5.2. National law enforcement 37 5.3. International cooperation for enforcement and conservation 44 5.4. Recording, availability and analysis of information 46 5.5. Demand reduction, education, and awareness 48 5.6. Prevention of illegal trade in parts and derivatives from captive 53 facilities 5.7. Management of government and privately-held stocks of parts and 56 derivatives 5.8. Recent meetings relevant to Asian big cat conservation and trade 60 control 6. Recommendations 62 References 65 * The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
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Ea Ture Ea Ture
SHAKUNT PANDEY RTICLE A EATURE F Physical Aspects Behaviour in Wild and Captivity Like humans, lions and tigers have a Lions are social animals and live and distinct character, temperament and hunt in groups called prides. The tiger trait. IONS are often called the King of is a solitary animal and hunts alone. Lthe Jungle. But is it true? Or have The average length of a male tiger According to Craig Saffoe, a biologist and they been wrongly crowned and a grave is 3.3 metres and according to some curator of great cats at the Smithsonian injustice been done to the other illustrious records its length is up to 3.75 metres long Zoo in Washington D.C., the tigers are and biggest member of the cat family – including the length of its tail. On the more aggressive and have a killer instinct. the Tiger? other hand, the length of a lion is between They usually go for the throat, go for the 2.3 to 2.7 meters and some records peg kill. Ever wondered, if a lion is pitted this length to 3 metres including the Lions in a pride can bank on one against a tiger who will win this big cat length of its tail. another but the loner tiger has no backup. fight? This million dollar question excites The tiger weighs more than 300 kg This is because they are conditioned as well as puzzles the mind of the young and the lion weighs around 250 kg which through evolution never to depend on and old alike.
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Leopard (Panthera Pardus) Status, Distribution, and the Research Efforts Across Its Range
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Sumatran Tiger
[ABCDE] Volume 1, Issue 7 Nov. 6, 2001 CURRICULUM GUIDE: TIGERS e r I n E d u c a p a p t i o w s n P N e r o t g s r a P o m n t o g i n h s T a h e W C e u h r T r i f c u O l u e r m o C A t e T h h T e t C A o r m KLMNO e u l O u An Integrated Curriculum c f i r Resource Program T r h u e C W e a h s T h i n g t o n P m o a s r t g N o r e P w s n p o a i p t a e c r u I d n E ASSOCIATED PRESS PHOTO IN THIS ISSUE Word Study Tiger Resources Wild Vocabulary 2 4 7 A look at extinction Tigers in Print Academic Content 3 5 Endangered Species 8 Standards © 2001 The Washington Post Company An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program KLMNO Volume 1, Issue 7 Nov. 6, 2001 Sumatran Tiger Tiger Resources KidsPost Article: "Earning His Stripes” On the Web and in Print ON THE WEB http://www.fonz.org/animals/tigertiger/tiger- Lesson: Investigating rare and endangered animals cubpr1.htm Level: Intermediate Friends of the National Zoo Subjects: Science See pictures and learn about Sumatran tigers at the zoo. Related Activity: Geography, English, Language Arts www.5tigers.org Procedure 5 Tigers: The Tiger Information Center Dedicated to providing an international forum focusing Read and Discuss on the preservation of wild tigers across Asia and in Read the KidsPost article.
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HIDDEN in PLAIN SIGHT China's Clandestine Tiger Trade ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CONTENTS
HIDDEN IN PLAIN SIGHT China's Clandestine Tiger Trade ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CONTENTS This report was written by Environmental Investigation Agency. 1 EIA would like to thank the Rufford Foundation, SUMMARY the David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation, Ernest Kleinwort Charitable Trust and Save Wild Tigers for their support in making this work possible. 3 INTRODUCTION Special thanks to our colleagues “on the frontline” in tiger range countries for their information, 5 advice and inspiration. LEGAL CONTEXT ® EIA uses IBM i2 intelligence analysis software. 6 INVESTIGATION FINDINGS Report design by: www.designsolutions.me.uk 12 TIGER FARMING February 2013 13 PREVIOUS EXPOSÉS 17 STIMULATING POACHING OF WILD ASIAN BIG CATS 20 MIXED MESSAGES 24 SOUTH-EAST ASIA TIGER FARMS 25 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 26 APPENDICES 1) TABLE OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS RELATING TO TIGERS IN CHINA 2) TIGER FARMING TIMELINE ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTIGATION AGENCY (EIA) 62/63 Upper Street, London N1 0NY, UK Tel: +44 (0) 20 7354 7960 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7354 7961 email: [email protected] www.eia-international.org EIA US P.O.Box 53343 Washington DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 483 6621 Fax: +1 202 986 8626 email: [email protected] www.eia-global.org Front cover image © Robin Hamilton All images © EIA unless otherwise specified © Michael Vickers/www.tigersintheforest.co.uk SUMMARY Undercover investigations and a review of available Chinese laws have revealed that while China banned tiger bone trade for medicinal uses in 1993, it has encouraged the growth of the captive-breeding of tigers to supply a quietly expanding legal domestic trade in tiger skins.
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