Sumatran Tiger

Home , Amazilia hummingbird, Bali tiger, List of mammals of Iran, South China tiger, Sumatran tiger

[ABCDE] Volume 1, Issue 7 Nov. 6, 2001

CURRICULUM GUIDE: TIGERS

e r I n E d u c a p a p t i o w s n P N e r o t g s r a P o m n t o g i n h s T a h e W C e u h r T r i f c u O l u e

r m

C A

h h

C A

m KLMNO

u An Integrated Curriculum

c f

r Resource Program T

a h

s T

m o

r e

P w

a i

p t

a e c r u I d n E

ASSOCIATED PRESS PHOTO IN THIS ISSUE

Word Study Tiger Resources Wild Vocabulary 2 4 7 A look at extinction

Tigers in Print Academic Content 3 5 Endangered Species 8 Standards

Sumatran Tiger Tiger Resources KidsPost Article: "Earning His Stripes” On the Web and in Print ON THE WEB http://www.fonz.org/animals/tigertiger/tiger- Lesson: Investigating rare and endangered animals cubpr1.htm Level: Intermediate Friends of the National Zoo Subjects: Science See pictures and learn about Sumatran tigers at the zoo. Related Activity: Geography, English, Language Arts www.5tigers.org Procedure 5 Tigers: The Tiger Information Center Dedicated to providing an international forum focusing Read and Discuss on the preservation of wild tigers across Asia and in Read the KidsPost article. Give students the following questions and zoos worldwide, the site provides teacher's resources, kids section and information on the five remaining discuss the answers. subspecies of tigers. 1. How many live cubs did Soyono give birth to on Sept. 18, 2001? http://www.thebigzoo.com/Animals/Sumatran_Ti 2. Why has the new addition to the National Zoo not been on public ger.asp display? The Big Zoo.com 3. Zookeepers take care of animals and observe them. Give two Quick facts about the Sumatran tiger examples of Wayne Millner taking care of the tiger cub. Give two http://www.honoluluzoo.org/tiger.htm examples of Millner's observations of the club. Sumatran Tiger 4. What are tigers fed in captivity? What do tiger cubs eat? The Honolulu Zoo provides pictures and information about the Sumatran tiger's physical characteristics, 5. Why is it important that the cub has regular examinations by a habitat, behavior and diet. Students can follow the veterinarian? treatment of Pandji, one of the tigers, from August 2000 to the most recent pictures and commentary. http://www.nfwf.org/programs/stf.htm Study a Map Save the Tiger Fund 1. Find Asia on a globe or a map. All wild tigers live in Asia. Show students where the three tiger subspecies that are extinct lived. Find A project of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation in partnership with ExxonMobil Corporation, Save the Java. The Java tiger, last seen in 1972, lived here. Next find Bali. It is Tiger Fund supports conservation of Asia's remaining believed that the last Panthera tigris balica, Bali tiger, was killed in wild tigers. 1937. An area that is now in the news was home to the Caspian tiger. http://www.wwfus.org/ Panthera tigris virgata once ranged in Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, World Wildlife Fund Mongolia and the Central Asiatic area of Russia. The "Endangered Species" section provides information 2. Find Sumatra on a map. Discuss the natural habitat of the on tigers. Take time to view the Tiger Slide Show. Sumatran tiger. Read "Tigers in Trouble." Ask students to speculate http://www.wwfus.org/fun/ why the tiger population in Sumatra is diminishing. For more World Wildlife Fund Fun Stuff information go to "Sumatran Tiger" at http://www.5tigers.org/Basics/Subsp_distribution/sumatran.htm. Games, puzzles, a test of your biodiversity IQ, and a free action kit to order. Includes an online 5-question Tigers in Trouble quiz.

Sumatran Tiger IN PRINT Lewin, Ted, Tiger Trek. Macmillan. 1990. Continued Follow a mother tiger as she stalks her prey in Develop Vocabulary to prepare a Web page, this India's national parks. The unfolding story is told assignment may be presented as a in brief text and watercolor paintings. This story 1. Review wild vocabulary. time book combines narrative with science, geog- Web page. 2. Give students Word Study. raphy and art. Examine the concept of Enrichment 1. What does this taxonomy, Matthiessen, Peter. Tigers in the Snow. North extinction. Point Press. 2000. species identification, tell you? Research Teachers and older students will not forget Begin with kingdom and end with Maurice Hornocker's photographs and Pick one of these approaches: subspecies. How does each group Matthiessen's account of Russia's Siberian tigers. Tigers Only of characteristics further define a They accompany Russian and American particular species? researchers who seek to save the tigers from extinc- Students' research will focus on tion in their last refuge in the Russian Far East tigers. The assignment questions Kingdom: Animalia can apply to the five subspecies of Phylum: Chordata Spagnoli, Cathy. Nine-In-One Grr! Grr! Children's tigers that survive. Divide the class Class: Mammalia Book Press. 1989. into five groups. Order: Carnivora Blia Xiong tells the story of Tiger, the first and Family: Felidae only tiger on earth. This story of cleverness is a Rare and Endangered Animals delightful folktale from the Hmong people of Genus: Panthera Laos. Students' research will focus on Species: tigris more than tigers. They will learn Subspecies: sumatrae Ward, Geoffrey and Michael Nichols. The Year of about rare and endangered the Tiger.National Geographic Society. 1999. 2. What's the story now? animals. A list of animals found at Nichols’ photographs of tigers in the wild and Three of the eight subspecies of the National Zoo is provided. Ward's text remind readers of the beauty of the tiger — the Bali, Caspian and Have students select different tiger and the danger of human encroachment on Javan tigers are extinct. According its delicately balanced ecosystem. animals. You may wish to read to the Environmental News Scott Berg's article for your Network in 1999, the South China background or to share with tiger faced the same fate as only 20 students. "Three Success Stories," or 30 were known to remain in the published in the April 2001 wild, down from an estimated Washington Post relates the stories 4,000 in the 1950s. Has progress of golden lion tamarins, Guam been made since 1999 in saving the rail and black-footed ferrets. South China tiger from extinction? http://nl4.newsbank.com/nl- "Earning His Stripes" can be search/we/Archives?p_action=doc found at &p_docid=0EBBDF90C9363E84 &p_docnum=3&s_subterm=Subsc http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- ription%20until%3A%2012%2F31 dyn/education/kidspost/archive ?????. %2F2010%2023%3A59%3A59&s_ KidsPost "Tigers in Trouble" can be subexpires=12%2F31%2F2010%20 found at 23%3A59%3A59. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/education/kidspost/archive ????? If your students are learning how

Rare Sights at the Zoo You will become an expert about one animal. This is a very special assignment. You will have knowledge that must be shared so others can appreciate an animal that lives in a precarious balance between life and extinction.

The following questions are provided 6. What are your animal's chances Wild Vocabulary as guidelines for the information you of survival? What are the latest need to find. figures of number of your animal Carnivore in the wild and in zoos? Is your Predatory, flesh-eating mammal Answer these questions animal being bred in captivity? Community The plants and animals within a certain 1. What are the physical character- Where in the world does your habitat istics of your animal? Include size, animal live? color and special features. Cub 1. Include a map that shows where The young of certain carnivorous animals 2. Where did your animal origi- your animal originated. Den nally live? What is the habitat of Shelter or retreat of a wild animal; a lair your animal? Tell about the 2. Include an illustration that community. shows where your animal now lives Habitat in the wild, if any are in the wild. A place where living things naturally grow 3. Is your animal a carnivore, a and live herbivore or an omnivore? What 3. Does your animal live in any Herbivore are its favorite foods? zoos besides the National Zoo? An animal that feeds chiefly on plants 4. What is the social behavior of What do others say about your Omnivore your animal? Include living animal? Eating both animal and vegetable foods arrangements, hunting and mating. 1. Include two quotations from Poach 5. Why is your animal in trouble? experts. To trespass on another's property in order to Is it threatened by poaching, take fish or game; to take illegally habitat loss or population fragmen- 2. Find a news story or feature Predator tation? Go to Threats to Tigers about your animal. Clip or down- An animal that lives by preying on other (http://www.5tigers.org/Basics/Trou load them. organisms ble/threats2.htm) for information 3. Include a bibliography of the Prey about habitat loss and population (Noun) an animal that is hunted and eaten fragmentation. books, articles and Web sites you used to learn about your animal. by a predator; (verb) to hunt, catch, plunder Pugmark The mark, footprint, track or trail of an animal; a pug Species A group of living things of the same kind that can reproduce with one another Streak A group of tigers Survival The process of ensuring that a species, or individual, will live to maturity and reproduce

Definitions are from the American Heritage Dictionary

Rare Sights at the Zoo In April 2001, The Washington Post published this list of 130 endangered or threatened species that can be seen at the National Zoo. Select one of the animals to research. The following questions are provided as guidelines for the information you need to find.

African crowned crane Fox squirrel Palawan peacock pheasant African elephant Galapagos tortoise Palm cockatoo African pancake tortoise Geoffroy's cat Panther chameleon African pygmy falcon Gharial Pete David's deer African spurred tortoise Giant panda Persian onager Aldabra tortoise Gila monster Phantasmal poison arrow frog Amakihi Goeldi's monkey Przewalski's wild horse Amazilia hummingbird Golden lion tamarin Pudu American alligator Golden-headed lion tamarin Pygmy hippopotamus American bison Goliath heron Red kangaroo American flamingo Greater one-horned Asian rhinoceros Red Panda Andean condor Greater rhea Red tuffed lemur Arabian oryx Green iguana Red-billed hornbill Asian elephant Green tree python Red-collared lorikeet Bactrian camel Green-and-Black poison arrow frog Red-crested cardinal Bald eagle Green-winged teal Red-crowned crane Bali mynah Grevy's zebra Red-tailed hawk Black gibbon Guam rail Rhinoceros iguana Black-and-white colobus monkey Harris' hawk Ruffed lemur Black-footed ferret Hippopotamus Sable antelope Black-necked swan 'I' iwi Sapphire spangled emerald hummingbird Blue poison arrow frog Indian flapshelled turtle Sarus crane Boa constrictor Jaguarundi Savanna monitor Bobcat Johnson's crocodile Scarlet ibis Brazilian rainbow boa King cobra Scarlet macaw Burmese brow-antlered deer Kodiak bear Scimitar-horned oryx Burmese python Komodo monitor Secretary bird Cayman Island iguana Kori bustard Senegal bushbaby Cheetah Large tree shrew Serval Chinchilla Laysan teal Sianang Clouded leopard Leopard cat Sloth bear Coati Lesser tree shrew Spectacled bear Common tree shrew Lion-tailed macaque Stanley crane Common white-eyed duck Madagascar giant day gecko Sumatran tiger Costa's hummingbird Malay great argus Tegu lizard Cuban crocodile Malayan tapir Tibet white-eared pheasant Dama gazelle Maned wolf Toco toucan Darwin's rhea Mariana crow Von der Decken's hornbill Demoiselle crane Matschie's tree kangaroo Western grey kangaroo Dorcas gazelle Micronesian kingfisher Western lowland gorilla Dying poison arrow frog Ne-ne goose White-belly hummingbird Eurasian wigeon Nicobar pigeon White tiger False water cobra Orangutan White-naped crane Florida sandhill crane Oriental small-clawed otter Yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle

What’s in Name?

What is a good name for a Sumatran tiger?

Should the name reflect abilities? Tigers can swim across rivers and lakes that are three to five miles wide. What is the name of a great swimmer?

Should the name reflect physical appearance? No two tigers have the same pattern of stripes. This is simi- lar to your fingerprint. Take a close look at the pattern on the cub's coat. What do you see?

Should the name be yours? In 1999 triplets born at the National Zoo were named Mike after Mike NATIONAL ZOO Robinson, the National Zoo Tony, Morris, Sylvester? What should zoo officials name this cub? Director at that time, and Chrissie and Eric, after the students who Kerinci Seblat National Park is You have the opportunity to decide won the grand prizes in a Save the home to rare and endangered on a name for the cub. This is a very Tiger Fund art contest in 1996. species, including the Sumatran special Sumatran tiger. tiger. Soyono is the eight-year-old mother John Seidensticker, National Zoo of the cub. She is named after a senior curator, said, "We welcome Should the name mean something? man. Ir. Suyono is Dr. John the birth of this cub. It's an impor- A female South China tiger at the Seidensticker's Indonesian counter- tant and planned addition to this Shanghai Zoo is named Lele, which part. Suyono worked with tiger's Species Survival Plan. SSP's means "Double Happiness." Tigers Seidensticker in surveying the last are cooperative efforts among North related to the new cub have interest- Javan tigers and in developing con- American zoos to coordinate the ing names: servation plans for the Sumatran propagation of highly endangered tiger. animals. Every birth of a Sumatran Kerinci was the 16-year-old mother tiger is important because the of Mike, Chrissie and Eric. Kerinci Eleven-year-old Rokan is the father species' future is very uncertain in is named after the highest moun- of all four cubs. He is named after a the wild." tain, an active volcano, in Sumatra. major river in central Sumatra.

Word Study: A look at extinction

Today we are going to look at beginnings and an ending.

A prefix is placed at the beginning of a word. It comes before the root word. It is added to the root word to modify, or change, its meaning.

What do "exhale," "exhaust," "exit" and "exodus" have in common?

They all begin with the Latin prefix "ex." Match the word with its definition This prefix means out or away. Do you understand how the prefix modified the root word? For example, "exit" is created ___ 1. Exhale A. A departure of a large number of people by adding the prefix "ex" before the root "ire" that means to go; so we have the idea of going out. ___ 2. Exhaust B. To go out of a place

Why do you need a fire extinguisher? ___ 3. Exit C. To breathe out You need to put out a fire.

What do you drink to quench your ___ 4. Exodus D. To drain or wear out thirst?

You drink water to put out or send away that thirsty feeling.

"Extinguish," "quench" and "extinction" are all related. "Quench" is a very old word.For thousands of years "quench" has meant to put out. "Extinct" comes from the Latin word exstinctus which is the past participle of exstinguere,which mean to extinguish. Take a closer look at exstinguere: ex,which means out of +

stinguere,which means to quench = extinguish A 4. B, 3. D, 2. C, 1. ANSWERS:

When a species is extinct, it no longer lives or exists. There are no living successors, no sons or daughters. Extinction is the final exit.

ILLUSTRATION BY PATTERSON CLARK—THE WASHINGTON POST 7 © 2001 The Washington Post Company An Integrated Curriculum For The Washington Post Newspaper In Education Program KLMNO Volume 1, Issue 7 Nov. 6, 2001

Academic Content Standards This lesson addresses academic content standards of Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. Among those that apply are: The main lesson addresses these academic content standards of: Maryland Virginia Washington, D.C. Science Science Science Life Science (3.0): Students will use Living Systems, Grade 3, 3.5: The Life Science, Content Standard 2: scientific skills and processes to student will investigate and Observe, investigate, describe and explain the dynamic nature of living understand relationships among classify living things; explain life things, their interactions and the organisms in aquatic and terrestrial cycles, diversity, adaptations, results from the interactions that food chains. Key concepts include structure and function of cells and occur over time. Ecology: By the systems reproduction, heredity, ■ producer, consumer, decomposer; end of grade 3, students know and interdependence, behavior, flow of ■ are able to: herbivore, carnivore, omnivore; energy and matter and changes ■ 3.3.12 explain that habitats provide predator-prey. over time. By the end of grade 5, basic needs, for the organisms living Life Science, Grade 7, LS.12: The the student will explain how in them. Evolution: By the end of student will investigate and changes in an organism's habitat grade 5, students know and are able understand the relationships are sometimes beneficial to it and to: 3.5.7 cite evidence to support between ecosystem dynamics and sometimes harmful. By the end of the idea that when the environment human activity. Key concepts grade 8, students will identify inter- changes some plants and animals include relationships between organisms within an environment and the survive and reproduce and others ■ change in habitat size, quality die or move to other locations. influence of physical conditions on and structure; survival. Environmental Science (6.0): ■ change in species competition; English Language Arts Students use scientific skills and ■ population disturbances and processes to investigate the Language for Research and factors that threaten and enhance Inquiry, Content Standard 3: interrelationships of the natural species survival. world and to analyze environmental Students use language and symbol issues and their solutions. LS.14: The student will investigate systems to define problems and Interdependence of Organisms: By and understand that organisms organize information. the end of grade 8, students know change over time. Key concepts and are able to: 6.8.2 identify and include ■ A complete list of Standards for Teaching and explain the interdependency of the relationships of mutation, Learning of the District of Columbia Public organisms within the environment adaptation, natural selection and Schools can be found at in a given ecosystem. extinction; http://www.k12.dc.us/. Language Arts ■ how environmental influences, as well as genetic variation, can lead Writing (3.0): Students produce to diversity of organisms informational, practical, persuasive and narrative writing that English demonstrates an awareness of Writing, Research 6.9: The student audience, purpose and form using will select the best sources for a stages of the writing process as given purpose, including atlases, needed. 3.5.2 Research: By the end dictionaries, globes, interviews, of grade 5, students know and are telephone directories, able to understand and use the encyclopedias, electronic databaes organizational features of printed and the Reader's Guide. texts to locate relevant information A complete list of Standards of Learning of to accomplish writing tasks. Virginia can be found on the Web at http://www.pen.k12.va.us/. A complete list of State Content Standards of Maryland can be found at http://www.mdk12.org/mspp/standards/.