DOCSLIB.ORG

The Role of the Local Business Climate for Self-Employment Among Immigrants - a Cross-Sectional Study Between Swedish Municipalities

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Role of the Local Business Climate for Self-Employment Among Immigrants - a Cross-Sectional Study Between Swedish Municipalities The role of the local business climate for self-employment among immigrants - A cross-sectional study between Swedish municipalities. BACHELOR THESIS WITHIN: Economics NUMBER OF CREDITS: 15 ECTS PROGRAMME OF STUDY: International Economics AUTHOR: Matilda Gustafsson, Joakim Olsson TUTORS: Lina Bjerke, Jonna Rickardsson JÖNKÖPING May, 2018. Bachelor Thesis in Economics Title: The role of the local business climate for self-employment among immigrants - A cross-sectional study between Swedish municipalities. Authors: Matilda Gustafsson & Joakim Olsson Tutor: Lina Bjerke & Jonna Rickardsson Date: May, 2018 Key terms: Self-Employment, Business Climate, Immigrants, Natives Abstract This study examines the relationship between the local business climate and the share of self- employed immigrants in Sweden on a municipal level. These results are then compared to the relationship between the local business climate and the share of self-employed natives. The study also compares the share of self-employed immigrants as well as natives that are still in business after one year. The variables that are used to assess the business climate have been used in previous research that has tested the impact of the business climate. The results show that regional differences in the business climate can explain differences in the share of self- employed immigrants to some extent. The results also show that while most variables are significant for both self-employed immigrants and self-employed natives, the business climate influences the share of self-employed natives more than the share of self-employed immigrants. This indicates that the functions in the local business climate can be more available to natives than to immigrants. The share of self-employed immigrants who are still in business after one year has an insignificant relationship with the local business climate, whereas the share of self- employed natives who are still in business after one year has a moderately significant relationship with the local business climate. Hence, the business climate influences regional differences in the share of self-employed who are still in business after one year more for natives than for immigrants. 2 Contents 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4 2 Literature review .................................................................................................................................. 7 3 Methodology ...................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 Data ............................................................................................................................................. 12 3.2 Dependent variables .................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Independent variables .................................................................................................................. 13 3.4 Empirical model .......................................................................................................................... 17 3.5 Empirical method ........................................................................................................................ 19 4 Empirical results and analysis ............................................................................................................ 21 4.1 Descriptive statistics .................................................................................................................... 21 4.2 Regression results and analysis ................................................................................................... 22 5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................ 29 6 References .......................................................................................................................................... 31 7 Appendices ......................................................................................................................................... 34 3 1 Introduction The immigration inflow to Sweden has increased steadily over the last few years. The largest groups of people that migrate to Sweden today are fleeing from war, violence and oppression (Sweden Statistics, 2018). The steady increase of immigrants has given rise to a divided political debate. According to opinion polls from the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter, immigration and integration is the dominating issue among Swedish voters in the forthcoming election in 2018 (DN, 2017). The level of employment among immigrants has been consistently lower than the level of employment for domestically born Swedes for over a decade (Statistics Sweden, 2017), showing that there are issues for immigrants to become assimilated into the Swedish labour market. Barriers in the labour market for immigrants are for instance discrimination, low levels of education and lack of social networks with natives which has been found to increase the probability of finding work (Bursell, 2012; Lundborg, 2013; Lindgren et al., 2010). During 2017, unemployment among immigrants decreased somewhat, but it was still several percentage points higher than that of native-born individuals (Statistics Sweden, 2017). In other words, there are structural integration issues for immigrants in Sweden. One solution to this problem, that was a popular political discussion in the 90s in Sweden, was that self-employment could resolve the issue of immigrants falling in to structural unemployment (Slavnic, 2013). There is also previous research that suggests that many immigrants are involuntarily becoming self-employed because they cannot enter the regular labour market (Ljungar, 2007). A report presented by the government confirms that this was the case in the 80s and 90s for many immigrants (SOU, 1999:49). Research finds that factors within the business climate affect entrepreneurship in Sweden, hence native entrepreneurs as well as immigrant entrepreneurs should be influenced by the business climate. For instance, the size of the public sector has been found to have an influence on the level of self-employed (Nyström, 2012). The purpose of this study will thus be to investigate how the local business climate relates to the share of self-employment among immigrants in different municipalities in Sweden. It will also examine the relationship between the business climate and the share of self-employed immigrants who are still in business after one year. The study will compare self-employed immigrants and self-employed natives to see if there are differences between the two groups. The definition of the business climate that this study will use is inspired by the definition that is used by the Confederation of Swedish Enterprises: “the sum of institutions, attitudes, laws 4 and knowledge that faces the enterprises each day” (own translation). In other words, the definition of the business climate that we will use will encompass several aspects of the business climate. The components that we will include are formal institutions, attitudes from local business owners, knowledge, supply and demand of products and services as well as employees, the well-being of the municipality, and factors that induce entrepreneurship. The definition of the business climate will be discussed further in the literature review section. Fölster and Jansson (2015) find a significant positive relationship between the business climate in a municipality and the level of labour integration for immigrants in Sweden. Hence, the prevailing business climate in a given municipality explains part of the labour integration outcome in that municipality. Andersson and Hammarstedt (2010) find that self-employment among immigrants in the current generation has a positive effect on the rate of self-employment for future generations, indicating that self-employment today can lead to reduced unemployment for coming generations. This is an example of path dependence, meaning that previous start-up rates affect current start-up rates, creating persistence in the start-up rates (Andersson and Koster, 2011). Earlier research focuses to a large extent on national structures that prevent immigrants from becoming integrated into the regular labour market (Klinthäll et al., 2016). However, there is not much research about whether the local business climate can explain differences self- employment among immigrants in municipalities in Sweden. Stevenson (2001) finds that the majority of new businesses are started in the three largest city regions and statistics from Statistics Sweden (2016), show that the share of immigrants who become self-employed differ in different regions. Nyström (2012) studies differences in entrepreneurship in municipalities in Sweden and finds that factors in the local business climate have an influence of the level of self-employment. However, Nyström (2012) does not discuss or study the impact of the business climate on the immigrants who are self-employed and whether there is a connection between those variables. Also, Nyström does not investigate whether the local business climate has a positive impact on immigrant owned businesses in a longer perspective. As already mentioned, there are differences in the proportion of immigrants that start businesses
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Dark Unknown History
    Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century 2 Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry Publications Series (Ds) can be purchased from Fritzes' customer service. Fritzes Offentliga Publikationer are responsible for distributing copies of Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry publications series (Ds) for referral purposes when commissioned to do so by the Government Offices' Office for Administrative Affairs. Address for orders: Fritzes customer service 106 47 Stockholm Fax orders to: +46 (0)8-598 191 91 Order by phone: +46 (0)8-598 191 90 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.fritzes.se Svara på remiss – hur och varför. [Respond to a proposal referred for consideration – how and why.] Prime Minister's Office (SB PM 2003:2, revised 02/05/2009) – A small booklet that makes it easier for those who have to respond to a proposal referred for consideration. The booklet is free and can be downloaded or ordered from http://www.regeringen.se/ (only available in Swedish) Cover: Blomquist Annonsbyrå AB. Printed by Elanders Sverige AB Stockholm 2015 ISBN 978-91-38-24266-7 ISSN 0284-6012 3 Preface In March 2014, the then Minister for Integration Erik Ullenhag presented a White Paper entitled ‘The Dark Unknown History’. It describes an important part of Swedish history that had previously been little known. The White Paper has been very well received. Both Roma people and the majority population have shown great interest in it, as have public bodies, central government agencies and local authorities.
    [Show full text]
  • Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places
    COST is supported by the EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020 COST Action TU1203 Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP) Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places December 2017 COST Action TU1203 Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP) Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places Editors: Michael Landzelius Charlotta Thodelius December 2017 1 2 COST Action TU1203: Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places Contents Foreword 5 What is COST? 5 About COST TU1203 5 From the Chair and the Core Group 6 Executive Summary 7 Acknowledgments 9 Authorship 9 Contributors to Case Study Program 9 1. Introduction 11 1.1. General Introduction 11 1.2. Case Study Scope and Focus 11 2. The National Swedish Context 13 2.1. Processes and Partnerships – Legal Preconditions 13 2.2. Introduction to CP-UDP in Sweden 14 2.3. The Swedish Notion of ‘Trygghet’ 15 2.4. The Department of Justice 16 2.5. The Swedish Crime Prevention Council 17 2.6. The Swedish Police 19 2.7. The National Board of Housing, Building, and Planning 20 2.8. The NGO Safer Sweden 22 2.9. CPTED Applied in Swedish Planning 23 3. Processes & Partnerships in Gothenburg 25 3.1. Safety and Security in Urban and Social Planning 25 3.2. Crime in Gothenburg – Figures, Trends, Places 25 3.2. The Present Model for Policing in Gothenburg 28 3.4. The Police and the City of Gothenburg in Collaboration 30 3.5.
    [Show full text]
  • ESPN Thematic Report on National Strategies to Fight Homelessness and Housing Exclusion
    EUROPEAN SOCIAL POLICY NETWORK (ESPN) National strategies to fight homelessness and housing exclusion Sweden Marcus Knutagård, Josephine Heap and Kenneth Nelson Social Europe EUROPEAN COMMISSION European Social Policy Network (ESPN) ESPN Thematic Report on National strategies to fight homelessness and housing exclusion Sweden 2019 Marcus Knutagård, Josephine Heap and Kenneth Nelson Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion 2019 The European Social Policy Network (ESPN) was established in July 2014 on the initiative of the European Commission to provide high-quality and timely independent information, advice, analysis and expertise on social policy issues in the European Union and neighbouring countries. The ESPN brings together into a single network the work that used to be carried out by the European Network of Independent Experts on Social Inclusion, the Network for the Analytical Support on the Socio-Economic Impact of Social Protection Reforms (ASISP) and the MISSOC (Mutual Information Systems on Social Protection) secretariat. The ESPN is managed by the Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER) and APPLICA, together with the European Social Observatory (OSE). For more information on the ESPN, see: http:ec.europa.eusocialmain.jsp?catId=1135&langId=en Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE This document has been prepared for the European Commission, however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
    [Show full text]
  • Kingdom of Sweden
    Johan Maltesson A Visitor´s Factbook on the KINGDOM OF SWEDEN © Johan Maltesson Johan Maltesson A Visitor’s Factbook to the Kingdom of Sweden Helsingborg, Sweden 2017 Preface This little publication is a condensed facts guide to Sweden, foremost intended for visitors to Sweden, as well as for persons who are merely interested in learning more about this fascinating, multifacetted and sadly all too unknown country. This book’s main focus is thus on things that might interest a visitor. Included are: Basic facts about Sweden Society and politics Culture, sports and religion Languages Science and education Media Transportation Nature and geography, including an extensive taxonomic list of Swedish terrestrial vertebrate animals An overview of Sweden’s history Lists of Swedish monarchs, prime ministers and persons of interest The most common Swedish given names and surnames A small dictionary of common words and phrases, including a small pronounciation guide Brief individual overviews of all of the 21 administrative counties of Sweden … and more... Wishing You a pleasant journey! Some notes... National and county population numbers are as of December 31 2016. Political parties and government are as of April 2017. New elections are to be held in September 2018. City population number are as of December 31 2015, and denotes contiguous urban areas – without regard to administra- tive division. Sports teams listed are those participating in the highest league of their respective sport – for soccer as of the 2017 season and for ice hockey and handball as of the 2016-2017 season. The ”most common names” listed are as of December 31 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • Kent's Sweden, Or What a Rock Band Can Tell Us About a Nation
    Kent’s Sweden, or what a rock band can tell us about a nation OLA JOHANSSON Johansson, Ola (2013). Kent’s Sweden, or what a rock band can tell us about a nation. Fennia 191: 1, pp. 40-57. Helsinki. ISSN 798-5617. The Swedish rock band Kent is not only the most popular band in Sweden, but also perceived as quintessentially Swedish. Using the notion of “everyday na- tionalism” I argue that Kent both represent and actively shape contemporary Swedish national identity co-constitutively with their audience. Three themes are particularly important to understand this Swedishness. Firstly, the band was formed in the city of Eskilstuna but relocated to Stockholm, which illustrates a Swedish journey through class and space. Secondly, Kent interrogates a series of national myths in their songs. They do so using spatial and environmental meta- phors that can be conceptualized as different landscapes − inner, urban, and winter landscapes − representing Sweden. Thirdly, Kent also construct a “public landscape” that reflects on changes in Swedish society, including neoliberal and anti-immigrant tendencies. Keywords: music geography, Sweden, Kent, national identity, everyday national- ism, media analysis Ola Johansson, Department of Geography, University of Pittsburgh at Johns- town, 450 Schoolhouse Road, Johnstown, PA 15904, United States. E-mail: [email protected]. Introduction What is it about Kent that makes them so purport- edly Swedish? These are significant questions be- Music can communicate a great deal about the cause popular music is a major cultural phenom- culture and society that it comes from. This is the enon. An analysis of Kent’s music offers a unique case with the contemporary Swedish rock band lens through which national identity and spatial Kent.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Royal Family Resided Mainly on the First Floor
    4 of Kings •srmatio on Berna and evolu MIKAEL ALM & BRITT-INGER JOHANSSON (EDS.) Opuscula Historica Upsaliensia utges av Historiska institutionen vid Uppsala universitet och syftar till att sprida information om den forskning som bedrivs vid och i anslutning till institutionen. Huvudredaktör: Mikael Alm Redaktion: Josefin Englund, Jonas Lindström, Cristina Prytz och Patrik Winton. Löpande prenumeration tecknas genom skriftlig anmälan till Opuscula, Historiska institutionen, Box 628, 751 26 Uppsala, [email protected], http://www.hist.uu.se/opuscula/ Enstaka nummer kan beställas från Swedish Science Press, Box 118, 751 04 Uppsala, www.ssp.nu, [email protected], telefon 018/36 55 66, telefax 018/36 52 77 Scripts of Kingship Essays on Bernadotte and Dynastic Formation in an Age of Revolution MIKAEL ALM & BRITT-INGER JOHANSSON (EDS.) Distribution Swedish Science Press, Box 118, 751 04 Uppsala [email protected], www.ssp.nu Cover illustration: Pehr Krafft (the Younger), The Coronation of Charles XIVJohn in Stockholm 1818 (detail). Nationalmuseum. Photo: Nationalmuseum, Stockholm. © The authors Graphic design: Elina Antell Print: Reklam & katalogtryck AB, Uppsala 2008 ISSN 0284-8783 ISBN 978-91-977312-2-5 Editors' Preface The following nine essays emanate from the interdisciplinary project The Making of a Dynasty (Sw: En dynasti blir till. Medier, myter och makt kring Karl XIV Johan), financed by The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and directed by Nils Ekedahl. The introduction by Solfrid Söderlind is written specifically for this book, and Torkel Janssons contribution is an elaborated version of a previously published artide. The remaining seven essays were all presented as conference papers at the European Social Science and History Conference (ESSHC) in Amsterdam in March 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Innerstaden 10:14, Malmö Stad, Malmö Kommun Arkeologisk Förundersökning 2013
    Rapport 2013:48 Innerstaden 10:14, Malmö stad, Malmö kommun Arkeologisk förundersökning 2013 Karina Hammarstrand Dehman Rapport 2013:48 Innerstaden 10:14, Malmö stad, Malmö kommun Arkeologisk förundersökning 2013 Karina Hammarstrand Dehman Fornlämningsnr: 19 & 20 Malmö stad Malmö kommun Skåne län Sydsvensk Arkeologi AB Kristianstad Box 134 291 22 Kristianstad Telefon (Regionmuseets växel): 044-13 58 00 Malmö Erlandsrovägen 5 218 45 Vintrie www.sydsvenskarkeologi.se © 2013 Sydsvensk Arkeologi AB Rapport 2013:48 Omslag: Schaktning vid Innerstaden 10:14. Foto: Per Sarnäs Kartor ur allmänt kartmaterial, © Lantmäteriverket, Gävle. Innehåll Inledning 5 Topografi och fornlämningsmiljö 5 Tidigare undersökningar 5 Undersökningsresultat 5 Referenser 8 Administrativa uppgifter 10 Figur 1: Karta över skånes kommuner med Malmö kommun blåmarkerat. Figur 2: Karta över del av Malmö stad med undersökningsområdet markerat med en röd stjärna. Inledning Med anledning av att Gatukontoret, Malmö stad utför markarbe- ten i samband med utbyggnad av befintligt förrådsområde ge- nomförde Sydsvensk Arkeologi en arkeologisk förundersökning i form av schaktningsövervakning. Topografi och fornlämningsmiljö Fastigheten Innerstaden 10:14 ligger inom den västra delen av Malmös medeltida bebyggelseområde, fornlämning 20:1 Fastig- heten ingår även i borganläggningen Malmöhus, fornlämning 19:2, som omfattar samtliga Malmöhus tillhörande historiska byggnader, jämte omgivande bastioner, vallar och gravar. Den bastion som undersökningen berör är Bastionen Carl Gustaf, vilket är en av fyra bastioner som enligt ett beslut från år 1662 anlades utanför Slottsholmen. På dessa bastioner anlades de byggnader som behövdes för garnisonens underhåll. Tidigare undersökningar I samband med tillbyggnad av Slottsträdgårdscaféet år 2007 genomfördes en arkeologisk förundersökning. Vid undersök- ningen. framkom lämningar efter ett lergolv och ett stolphål strax ovan bottensanden, ca 1,2 m ö.h.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Swedish Municipality International Partner Swedish
    LIST OF MUNICIPAL PARTNERSHIPS | 2019-06-27 Country Swedish Municipality International partner Swedish Coordinat or Contact BOTSWANA Vänersborgs kommun Chobe District Council Anders Fridén [email protected] BOTSWANA Västerås stad Gaborone City Council Linn Sandahl [email protected] BOTSWANA, MOLDOVA Ale kommun Ghanzi District Council Joachim Wever [email protected] CHINA Borlänge kommun Wuhan Foreign Affairs Office Dongyang Qu (Amy) [email protected] CHINA Region Dalarna Hubei Provincial People´s Government Amelie Sahlin [email protected] CHINA Umeå kommun Chanba Eco District of Xi'an Cathrin Alenskär [email protected] CHINA Vara kommun Huangshan City Helena Torsell [email protected] CHINA Västerås stad City of Jinan Anne-Charlotte Boldrup [email protected] CHINA Åmål kommun Dunhuang City Stig Elveljung [email protected] GEORGIA Mölndals stad Zugdidi Municipality City Hall Danuta Ciasnocha [email protected] GEORGIA Östhammars kommun Self governing city of Poti Sakrebulo Stefan Edelsvärd [email protected] INDONESIA Helsingborgs stad Probolinggo Municipality Peter Book [email protected] INDONESIA Region Västerbotten Yogyakarta City Government Camilla Andersson [email protected] KENYA Arvika kommun Uasin Gishu County, Moi's Bridge Josefin Andersson [email protected] KENYA Härryda kommun Homabay County Malin Fogelström [email protected] KENYA Region Västernorrland Republic of Kenya Mombasa County Ilona Novak [email protected] KENYA Norrköpings kommun Uasin Gishu County Sara Meyer [email protected] KENYA Region Västerbotten Elgeyo Marakwet Lena Fridborg [email protected] KENYA Robertsfors kommun Machakos Government Zorica Grubor [email protected] ICLD | VISITING ADRESS Söderväg 1D, SE-621 58 Visby, Sweden | POSTAL ADRESS P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Hanna Gelotte • Eva Dahlström Rittsél • Anna Ulfstrand  Stort Tack Till Scania För Bilder Och Information! Tätortskarta Södertälje, 2006
    NÄSTA HÅLLPLATS SÖDERTÄLJE Hanna Gelotte • Eva Dahlström Rittsél • Anna Ulfstrand Stort tack till Scania för bilder och information! Tätortskarta Södertälje, 2006. Hanna Gelotte, Eva Dahlström Rittsél & Anna Ulfstrand. Foto omslag: Ronna byggs, Scanias bildarkiv, 963. Länsstyrelsen i Stockholms län, Miljö- och planeringsavdelningen, ISBN 9-728-238-9 Kulturmiljöenheten, [email protected], tel 08-785 42 50 Formgivning: underhuset.com. Tryck: Elanders Tofters, Östervåla. Förord Södertälje har genomgått en fantastisk utveckling de senaste 60 åren från småstad till storstad med världsledande industrier och många mindre företag. Tidigare hade Södertälje epitetet arbetarstad men idag talar vi allt oftare om Södertälje som invand- rarstad men också idrottsstaden och forskarstaden förekommer. Självbilden är inte entydig. Rapporten ”Nästa hållplats Södertälje” visar på utvecklingen ur perspektivet bostadsbyggande i samverkan med industrin. När industrin behövde anställa då hade både Scania och Astra egna bostadsförmedlingar och samarbetet med kommunen var viktigt för att tillsammans kunna lösa bostadsfrågan för anställda och deras familjer. Nu kan vi få en förklaring till och också en förståelse för hur och varför Södertälje ser ut som det gör. Arbetet har skett under ledning av Hanna Gelotte, Eva Dahlström Rittsél och Anna Ulfstrand. Rapporten är välskriven och visar på goda kunskaper hos författarna med en bred kompetens som visar sig genom etnologiska, byggnadsantikvariska och industrihistoriska beskrivningar. Genom att på ett skickligt sätt blanda yttre beskriv- ningar med intervjuer får vi en levande bild av några bostadsområden. En lättläst och intressant rapport som många Södertäljebor bör få ta del av. Min förhoppning är att den sprids till många och att den används i undervisningen i våra skolor.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report
    TOWN Small and medium sized towns in their functional territorial context Applied Research 2013/1/23 Case Study Report | Sweden Version 15th May, 2014 ESPON 2013 1 This report presents the interim results of an Applied Research Project conducted within the framework of the ESPON 2013 Programme, partly financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The partnership behind the ESPON Programme consists of the EU Commission and the Member States of the EU27, plus Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. Each partner is represented in the ESPON Monitoring Committee. This report does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the members of the Monitoring Committee. Information on the ESPON Programme and projects can be found on www.espon.eu The web site provides the possibility to download and examine the most recent documents produced by finalised and ongoing ESPON projects. This basic report exists only in an electronic version. © ESPON & University of Leuven, 2013. Printing, reproduction or quotation is authorised provided the source is acknowledged and a copy is forwarded to the ESPON Coordination Unit in Luxembourg. ESPON 2013 2 List of authors Mats Johansson (editor, text, data processing) Jan Haas (text, data processing, map-making) Elisabetta Troglio (map-making) Rosa Gumà Altés (data processing) Christian Lundh (interviews) ESPON 2013 3 Table of Contents 1. NATIONAL CONTEXT ........................................................................... 8 1.1 National/regional definitions of SMSTs .......................................... 14 1.2 SMSTs in national/regional settlement system: a literature overview .................................................................................................. 24 1.3 Territorial organization of local government system ...................... 25 2. TERRITORIAL INDENTIFICATION OF SMSTS .................................. 30 2.1 Validation of the identification of SMSTS based on morphological/geomatic approach ..........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Geographical Sorting of Refugees in Sweden Johan Wennström And
    IFN Working Paper No. 1266, 2019 Political Hedgehogs: The Geographical Sorting of Refugees in Sweden Johan Wennström and Özge Öner Research Institute of Industrial Economics P.O. Box 55665 SE-102 15 Stockholm, Sweden [email protected] www.ifn.se A shortened and revised version of this paper is forthcoming in Statsvetenskaplig tidskrift. A preprint version is available here: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3560348 Political Hedgehogs: The Geographical Sorting of Refugees in Sweden Johan Wennström* and Özge Öner** Abstract: This study shows that in Sweden, contrary to other European countries, refugees have been disproportionately placed in peripheral and rural areas with high unemployment and rapid native depopulation where the prospects for integration, both socially and economically, are poor. We explore and evaluate some potential reasons for this outcome. Factors such as an intimidating political and intellectual climate in favor of receiving large numbers of asylum seekers and immigrants and the economic support given by the central government to municipalities that accept refugees are not sufficient to understand the actions of rural local governments. Instead, we argue that Tetlock’s seminal work on “expert political judgment” may provide a useful approach for understanding the seemingly irrational actions of local politicians in rural and peripheral municipalities. Keywords: Hedgehog/fox metaphor, Immigration, Political judgment, Rational choice, Social capital, Urbanization. JEL-codes: J15; J61; O15; R58. Acknowledgements: We are grateful for useful comments and suggestions from Magnus Henrekson and Johan Tralau. We also gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Catarina and Sven Hagströmer Foundation (Wennström) and Jan Wallanders och Tom Hedelius stiftelse (Öner).
    [Show full text]
  • Etablera I Södertälje City Södertälje City Inledning Samverkan
    ETABLERA I SÖDERTÄLJE CITY SÖDERTÄLJE CITY INLEDNING SAMVERKAN SAMVERKAN & KONTAKT SÖDERTÄLJE CITY, VÅR PLATTFORM FÖR SAMVERKAN Vi har en fantastisk stad som vi vill göra ännu bättre. Därför startade Södertälje kommun, Södertälje centrumförening, näringsidkarna och fastighetsägarna en gemensam samverkansplattform för att utveckla stadskärnan på bästa sätt. Vi är Södertälje City. I dialog med Södertäljeborna ska arbetet driva utvecklingen av staden och marknadsföra Södertälje som en attraktiv plats att leva, besöka, studera och arbeta i. Ett av våra delmål är att Södertälje ska få utmärkelsen Årets stadskärna 2023. Läs mer: www.sodertaljecity.se/om-oss SÖDERTÄLJE CITY INLEDNING STADSRUM FASTIGHETER KUNGSLEDEN Maria Eile - [email protected] Sophie Ring - [email protected] 2020 TELGE FASTIGHETER SOLEN AB VÄLKOMMEN TILL EN UNIK STAD Karl Eriksson - [email protected] Andreas Temiz - [email protected] George Challma - [email protected] Södertälje liknar inget annat. Här möts människor från hela världen i en modern industri- NYFOSA och kunskapsstad. Gunnar Larsson - [email protected] HSB SÖDERTÄLJE Cecilia Högberg - [email protected] Ett starkt näringsliv med några av Sveriges största exportbolag delar hemstad med jordnära, ekologisk produktion och ansvarstagande arbete i t.ex. Södertälje Science Park. REAL VALUE MANGAMENT/REGIO Emil Sjölund - [email protected] SÖDERTÄLJE CITY Aljosa Lagumdzija - [email protected] I stadskärnan samlas butiker, restauranger och kontor i en attraktiv miljö. Det strategiska läget i Stockholmsregionen med två europavägar, egen hamn och järnvägsförbindelser gör TELGE BOSTÄDER Se mer info på www.sodertaljecity.se/etablera Södertälje lättillgängligt och nära. Ingrid Nerman - [email protected] Vi står inför en spännande utveckling där våra framgångsfaktorer är öppenhet, dialog och tydlighet kring hur vi tillsammans arbetar för bästa möjliga stadsutveckling - för alla.
    [Show full text]