DOCSLIB.ORG

Sweden Democrats on the Rural Areas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sweden Democrats on the Rural Areas Linköping University| Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling Master’s Thesis 30 hp | Masters’ Programme Political Science Spring Semester 2018 | LIU-IEI-FIL-A--18/02953--SE United or divided? Towns and rural areas in Sweden’s mid-sized municipalities. – What do Parliamentary elections between 2006 and 2014 say? Enade eller delade? Stad och land i Sveriges mellanstora kommuner. – Vad säger riksdagsvalen mellan 2006 och 2014? Jesper Holmström Zenk Supervisor: Mikael Rundqvist Examinator: Bo Persson Linköpings universitet SE-581 83 Linköping, Sverige 013-28 10 00, www.liu.se Abstract Sweden has a divided pattern in terms of voting patterns from region to region in terms of the urban/rural divide in the 2006-14 three-time election cycle. The country’s mid-sized municipalities outside of the three major metropolitan areas show a general likelihood to vote for the left-leaning red-green coalition than to vote for the centre-right “alliance” in the urban areas. On the contrary, the alliance had a general advantage on the countryside or in minor locations in said municipalities. Out of the 31 municipalities studied, regional variations are significant. Northern municipalities, while left-leaning in both demographic groups, saw a general trend of the red-green parties winning more relative votes outside of the urban centres. This went heavily against the rest of the country’s tendencies, while southern Sweden also saw many towns vote for the alliance over the red-greens, especially in 2010. The study confirmed that towns and rural areas are moving further apart, especially when considering the influence of the social conservative and nationalist Sweden Democrats on the rural areas. The Social Democratic party has instead become ever more dependent on urban voters during the eight years of opposition to the alliance between ’06 and ’14. The other main party of Sweden, namely the Moderates was slightly stronger in towns than rural areas in ’06, before shifting in a slightly more rural-dependent direction in the forthcoming elections. The scope of the study covered all eight parliamentary parties elected into the Swedish Riksdag in 2014. The findings did indicate tendencies for several of them in the electoral research being done around that election. Areas with lower trust in the political system, lower political personal interest, sense of direction of the country going in the wrong direction and low trust ratings for the European Union were linked with rural areas, where the Sweden Democrats gained strong support as an anti-establishment party. Interestingly, in spite of a larger number of the Swedish electorate self-identifying as to the right rather than to the left, the strong divide of right-leaning voters between the alliance parties and the Sweden Democrats contributed to a minority left-leaning government led by the Social Democrats being able to take office after the 2014 election. This study has helped identify and confirm regional and demographical differences between parties and has correlated well with previous findings. 2 Table of contents 1…................................Introduction………………………………………………………..p. 5 1.1…............................ Aim………………………………………………………………..p. 9 1.2…............................Research questions……………………….……………...………...p. 10 1.3…............................Disposition…………………………….……………………....…..p. 10 2…...............................Theory & contribution to science…………....…………….....……p. 12 2.1…............................Frame of interpretation…………………………………...........…..p. 17 3…...............................Previous research……………………….…………………………p. 19 3.1………………........Swedish research…………………..…………………….……..….p. 19 3.2…............................Non-Swedish research……………………………………………..p. 26 3.3……………............Hypothesises.……………………………………..…………..…...p. 28 4…...............................Method…………………………………….…………….………...p. 29 4.1…............................Approach during research……………………………….. ........….p. 32 4.2…............................Definitions of study objects ………………………………..….….p. 35 4.3…............................Sample and empirical considerations………………………..….....p. 39 5…...............................Results.………………………………………………………...…..p. 44 5.1…............................Summary of nationwide results………………………….........…...p. 48 5.2……………............Party results………………………...………………….…..……....p. 49 5.3…............................Regional results………………………………..…...…………..….p. 58 6…...............................Analysis of the electoral results………………..………….……....p. 78 7…............................. Conclusions……………………………..………………………….p. 87 8…..............................Teori- och litteraturdiskussion……………………………..………p. 88 9….............................Concluding comments……………..……………………………......p. 90 10…...........................Suggestions of future research……………..…………………….…p. 91 …………………….. References..………………………………………………………....p. 94 3 Tables 4.2……………………Inhabitant numbers of Sweden’s metropolises……..……...……...p. 35 4.3…............................Regions, counties and municipalities………………......……...…..p. 42 4.3……........................Regions……………………………………...……….…..…….......p. 43 5.…..............................Results in towns 2006……………………….….….………….......p. 45 5.…..............................Results in rural areas 2006…….…………………………..............p. 45 5.…..............................Results in towns 2010………………….…………..…..……..…...p. 47 5.…............................. Results in rural areas 2010…….…………………...................…...p. 47 5.…............................. Results in towns 2014……………………….……………….........p. 49 5.………………......... Results in rural areas 2014……………...………….……………...p. 49 5.2…............................Averages in towns 2006……………...………….…….…….…….p. 52 5.2……………............Averages in rural areas 2006…………………………..…..….…...p. 53 5.2…............................Averages in towns 2010…………………...……….………….…..p. 54 5.2…............................Averages in rural areas 2010………………………….……..….…p. 55 5.2…............................Averages in towns 2014……………………..…………..….……..p. 56 5.2…............................Averages in rural areas 2014……………………………….….......p. 57 5.3…............................Southern Götalands results …………………...…………...............p. 63 5.3…............................Western Götalands results ………………………………………...p. 66 5.3……………............Eastern Götaland’s results ……………..…….………….…..…….p. 69 5.3…............................Svealand’s results ……………………………………………...….p. 72 5.3…............................Norrland’s results ……………………………………….…...........p. 75 6…...............................Towns’ bloc advantage…………………………………………....p. 81 6…...............................Rural areas’ bloc advantage………………………..……………...p. 81 6…...............................Varying blocs for towns and rural areas…………….…………….p. 81 4 1. Introduction Why towns and rural areas? In a time of rapid political change in Sweden and in the Western World as a whole is it in my view, as author of this thesis exceptionally relevant to go down on a deep level in one of those factors that can result in differences in terms of how voters cast their vote. Towns and rural areas are often linked together in Swedish municipalities, which makes possible contrasts extra visible and relevant to study if one compares parts of municipalities versus one another. Is there a harmony, or do large splits within municipalities exist regarding the political will? 31 municipalities shall be examined. These are located across the entire country, in all counties bar one (see maps on pages 41-43). Based on the accumulated numbers of those votes that have been cast in the examined municipalities there are approximately three out of ten voters in Swedish parliamentary elections.1 The four large metropolitan areas and those municipalities that have fewer than 50,000 inhabitants could each be counties as separate thirds. Therefore, I do argue that 31 municipalities with between 50,000 and 150,000 inhabitants are perfect for categorizing as mid-sized in a population perspective since they are situated right in between metropolitan areas and smaller municipalities in terms of population. The question that this thesis answers is whether the political will among town-based and rural voters are matching one another? Does one or the other demographic group in these modern Swedish merged municipalities an advantage in their municipalities’ accumulated result depending upon party preferences in the parliamentary elections? It is to that question this study shall try and answer in the context of Sweden’s parliamentary riksdag elections 2006, 2010 and 2014 in the country’s mid-sized municipalities. The ideal size for a set area for local politics is a historically fought question without clear answers. Robert Dahl among others notes in the book Size and Democracy that the conflict is between how efficient it is for the citizenry to be able to participate and in terms of how society’s possibilities to have resources to realize the wishes of said citizenry.2 Sweden’s municipalities nowadays have everything from a couple of thousand to many hundreds of thousands of inhabitants. In conjunction with the municipal reform in Sweden in the early 1970’s many small municipalities were merged with surrounding towns. Since then 1 Swedish Electoral Agency & Microsoft Excel 2 Dahl, Robert & Tufte, Edward, R. (red.) (1973); Size and Democracy; p. 20; Stanford University Press 5 has these former municipalities been a part of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Dark Unknown History
    Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century 2 Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry Publications Series (Ds) can be purchased from Fritzes' customer service. Fritzes Offentliga Publikationer are responsible for distributing copies of Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry publications series (Ds) for referral purposes when commissioned to do so by the Government Offices' Office for Administrative Affairs. Address for orders: Fritzes customer service 106 47 Stockholm Fax orders to: +46 (0)8-598 191 91 Order by phone: +46 (0)8-598 191 90 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.fritzes.se Svara på remiss – hur och varför. [Respond to a proposal referred for consideration – how and why.] Prime Minister's Office (SB PM 2003:2, revised 02/05/2009) – A small booklet that makes it easier for those who have to respond to a proposal referred for consideration. The booklet is free and can be downloaded or ordered from http://www.regeringen.se/ (only available in Swedish) Cover: Blomquist Annonsbyrå AB. Printed by Elanders Sverige AB Stockholm 2015 ISBN 978-91-38-24266-7 ISSN 0284-6012 3 Preface In March 2014, the then Minister for Integration Erik Ullenhag presented a White Paper entitled ‘The Dark Unknown History’. It describes an important part of Swedish history that had previously been little known. The White Paper has been very well received. Both Roma people and the majority population have shown great interest in it, as have public bodies, central government agencies and local authorities.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Planning for Sustainable Rural Municipalities
    6SDWLDOSODQQLQJIRU VXVWDLQDEOHUXUDOPXQLFLSDOLWLHV :KHQWKHRU\DQGSUDFWLFHPHHW &DPLOOD7KHOOEUR Faculty of Forest Sciences Department of Forest Resource Management Umeå 'RFWRUDOWKHVLV 6ZHGLVK8QLYHUVLW\RI $JULFXOWXUDO6FLHQFHV 8PHn $FWD8QLYHUVLWDWLVDJULFXOWXUDH6XHFLDH &RYHULOOXVWUDWLRQ “Basic components for successful spatial planning” (Camilla Thellbro). 3KRWRV LQFOXGHG LQ the illustration: “Vilhelmina municipality in a landscape perspective” (Vilhelmina Municipality) and “Sharing and producing knowledge for spatial planning” (Therese Bjärstig). ,661 ,6%1 SULQWYHUVLRQ ,6%1 HOHFWURQLFYHUVLRQ &DPLOOD7KHOOEUR8PHn 3ULQW5HSUR8SSVDOD 6SDWLDOSODQQLQJIRUVXVWDLQDEOHUXUDO PXQLFLSDOLWLHV :KHQ WKHRU\ DQGSUDFWLFH PHHW $EVWUDFW /RFDOQDWXUDOUHVRXUFHV /15V DUHHVVHQWLDOIRUWKHVRFLRHFRQRP\RIUXUDOVRFLHWLHV 7KH8QLWHG 1ations (UN) Agenda 21 and “Our Common Future” state that lRFDOVSDWLDOSODQQLQJLVFHQWUDOIRU WKH SURVSHFW RI EDODQFLQJ HFRORJLFDO VRFLDO DQG HFRQRPLF VXVWDLQDEOH GHYHORSPHQW 6X' 6WDNHKROGHUSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQVSDWLDOSODQQLQJHQKDQFHVDFFHSWDQFHDQGLPSURYHVSUHFRQGLWLRQVIRU VXFFHVVIXOSODQQLQJRXWFRPHV&RQVHTXHQWO\ LWLVLPSRUWDQWWRLQFUHDVHNQRZOHGJHDERXW/15V DQGWKHXVHRIWKHPDQGWRLQWHJUDWHVXFKNQRZOHGJHLQORFDOVSDWLDOSDUWLFLSDWRU\SODQQLQJZLWKD ODQGVFDSH SHUVSHFWLYH 7KHVH RSHQLQJ VWDWHPHQWV DSSO\ WR 6ZHGLVK ERUHDO PXQLFLSDOLWLHV DQG GHVFULEHWKHLQWHQWLRQVRI6ZHGLVKPXQLFLSDOFRPSUHKHQVLYHSODQQLQJ 0&3 7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLV ZRUN ZDV WR H[DPLQH DQG DQDO\]H WKH SUHFRQGLWLRQV IRU LQWHJUDWLQJ0&3ZLWKDODQGVFDSH SHUVSHFWLYHLQUXUDOPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 7KHWKHVLVLVEDVHGRQFDVHVWXGLHVLQ6ZHGLVKUXUDOPXQLFLSDOFRQWH[WVUHSRUWHGLQILYHSDSHUV
    [Show full text]
  • BASE PROSPECTUS Kommuninvest I Sverige Aktiebolag (Publ
    BASE PROSPECTUS Kommuninvest i Sverige Aktiebolag (publ) (incorporated with limited liability in the Kingdom in Sweden) Euro Note Programme Guaranteed by certain regions of Sweden and certain municipalities of Sweden On 2 September 1993 the Issuer (as defined below) entered into a U.S.$1,500,000,000 Note Programme (the Programme) and issued a prospectus on that date describing the Programme. This document (the Base Prospectus) supersedes any previous prospectus. Any Notes (as defined below) issued under the Programme on or after the date of this Base Prospectus are issued subject to the provisions described herein. This does not affect any Notes issued before the date of this Base Prospectus. Under this Euro Note Programme (the Programme) Kommuninvest i Sverige Aktiebolag (publ) (the Issuer) may from time to time issue notes (the Notes) denominated in any currency agreed between the Issuer and the relevant Dealer(s) (as defined below). The Notes may be issued in bearer or registered form (respectively the Bearer Notes and the Registered Notes). Each Series (as defined on page 53) of Notes will be guaranteed by certain regions of Sweden and certain municipalities of Sweden. The final terms (the Final Terms) applicable to each Tranche (as defined on page 53) of Notes will specify the Guarantor (as defined in the terms and conditions of the Notes) in relation to that Tranche as of the issue date of that Tranche. However, other regions and municipalities of Sweden may subsequently become Guarantors under the Guarantee (as defined herein). The Guarantee will be in, or substantially in, the form set out in Schedule 8 to the Agency Agreement (as defined on page 52).
    [Show full text]
  • Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places
    COST is supported by the EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020 COST Action TU1203 Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP) Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places December 2017 COST Action TU1203 Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning (CP-UDP) Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places Editors: Michael Landzelius Charlotta Thodelius December 2017 1 2 COST Action TU1203: Crime Prevention through Urban Design and Planning Gothenburg Case Study: Processes and Partnerships for Safety and Security in Urban Places Contents Foreword 5 What is COST? 5 About COST TU1203 5 From the Chair and the Core Group 6 Executive Summary 7 Acknowledgments 9 Authorship 9 Contributors to Case Study Program 9 1. Introduction 11 1.1. General Introduction 11 1.2. Case Study Scope and Focus 11 2. The National Swedish Context 13 2.1. Processes and Partnerships – Legal Preconditions 13 2.2. Introduction to CP-UDP in Sweden 14 2.3. The Swedish Notion of ‘Trygghet’ 15 2.4. The Department of Justice 16 2.5. The Swedish Crime Prevention Council 17 2.6. The Swedish Police 19 2.7. The National Board of Housing, Building, and Planning 20 2.8. The NGO Safer Sweden 22 2.9. CPTED Applied in Swedish Planning 23 3. Processes & Partnerships in Gothenburg 25 3.1. Safety and Security in Urban and Social Planning 25 3.2. Crime in Gothenburg – Figures, Trends, Places 25 3.2. The Present Model for Policing in Gothenburg 28 3.4. The Police and the City of Gothenburg in Collaboration 30 3.5.
    [Show full text]
  • Third Report on Sweden
    CRI(2005)26 Third report on Sweden Adopted on 17 December 2004 Strasbourg, 14 June 2005 For further information about the work of the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) and about the other activities of the Council of Europe in this field, please contact: Secretariat of ECRI Directorate General of Human Rights – DG II Council of Europe F - 67075 STRASBOURG Cedex Tel.: +33 (0) 3 88 41 29 64 Fax: +33 (0) 3 88 41 39 87 E-mail: [email protected] Visit our web site: www.coe.int/ecri Third report on Sweden TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ...................................................................................................... 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................... 6 I. FOLLOW-UP TO ECRI’S SECOND REPORT ON SWEDEN ..................... 7 INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ....................................................................... 7 CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AND OTHER BASIC PROVISIONS .................................... 7 - Fundamental Law on Freedom of Expression and Freedom of the Press Act ......................................................................................................... 9 - Laws on national minorities and the use of minority languages ............ 10 - Law on citizenship ................................................................................ 10 CRIMINAL LAW PROVISIONS .................................................................................... 11 CIVIL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW PROVISIONS ..........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • ESPN Thematic Report on National Strategies to Fight Homelessness and Housing Exclusion
    EUROPEAN SOCIAL POLICY NETWORK (ESPN) National strategies to fight homelessness and housing exclusion Sweden Marcus Knutagård, Josephine Heap and Kenneth Nelson Social Europe EUROPEAN COMMISSION European Social Policy Network (ESPN) ESPN Thematic Report on National strategies to fight homelessness and housing exclusion Sweden 2019 Marcus Knutagård, Josephine Heap and Kenneth Nelson Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion 2019 The European Social Policy Network (ESPN) was established in July 2014 on the initiative of the European Commission to provide high-quality and timely independent information, advice, analysis and expertise on social policy issues in the European Union and neighbouring countries. The ESPN brings together into a single network the work that used to be carried out by the European Network of Independent Experts on Social Inclusion, the Network for the Analytical Support on the Socio-Economic Impact of Social Protection Reforms (ASISP) and the MISSOC (Mutual Information Systems on Social Protection) secretariat. The ESPN is managed by the Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER) and APPLICA, together with the European Social Observatory (OSE). For more information on the ESPN, see: http:ec.europa.eusocialmain.jsp?catId=1135&langId=en Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE This document has been prepared for the European Commission, however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
    [Show full text]
  • Kingdom of Sweden
    Johan Maltesson A Visitor´s Factbook on the KINGDOM OF SWEDEN © Johan Maltesson Johan Maltesson A Visitor’s Factbook to the Kingdom of Sweden Helsingborg, Sweden 2017 Preface This little publication is a condensed facts guide to Sweden, foremost intended for visitors to Sweden, as well as for persons who are merely interested in learning more about this fascinating, multifacetted and sadly all too unknown country. This book’s main focus is thus on things that might interest a visitor. Included are: Basic facts about Sweden Society and politics Culture, sports and religion Languages Science and education Media Transportation Nature and geography, including an extensive taxonomic list of Swedish terrestrial vertebrate animals An overview of Sweden’s history Lists of Swedish monarchs, prime ministers and persons of interest The most common Swedish given names and surnames A small dictionary of common words and phrases, including a small pronounciation guide Brief individual overviews of all of the 21 administrative counties of Sweden … and more... Wishing You a pleasant journey! Some notes... National and county population numbers are as of December 31 2016. Political parties and government are as of April 2017. New elections are to be held in September 2018. City population number are as of December 31 2015, and denotes contiguous urban areas – without regard to administra- tive division. Sports teams listed are those participating in the highest league of their respective sport – for soccer as of the 2017 season and for ice hockey and handball as of the 2016-2017 season. The ”most common names” listed are as of December 31 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • Kent's Sweden, Or What a Rock Band Can Tell Us About a Nation
    Kent’s Sweden, or what a rock band can tell us about a nation OLA JOHANSSON Johansson, Ola (2013). Kent’s Sweden, or what a rock band can tell us about a nation. Fennia 191: 1, pp. 40-57. Helsinki. ISSN 798-5617. The Swedish rock band Kent is not only the most popular band in Sweden, but also perceived as quintessentially Swedish. Using the notion of “everyday na- tionalism” I argue that Kent both represent and actively shape contemporary Swedish national identity co-constitutively with their audience. Three themes are particularly important to understand this Swedishness. Firstly, the band was formed in the city of Eskilstuna but relocated to Stockholm, which illustrates a Swedish journey through class and space. Secondly, Kent interrogates a series of national myths in their songs. They do so using spatial and environmental meta- phors that can be conceptualized as different landscapes − inner, urban, and winter landscapes − representing Sweden. Thirdly, Kent also construct a “public landscape” that reflects on changes in Swedish society, including neoliberal and anti-immigrant tendencies. Keywords: music geography, Sweden, Kent, national identity, everyday national- ism, media analysis Ola Johansson, Department of Geography, University of Pittsburgh at Johns- town, 450 Schoolhouse Road, Johnstown, PA 15904, United States. E-mail: [email protected]. Introduction What is it about Kent that makes them so purport- edly Swedish? These are significant questions be- Music can communicate a great deal about the cause popular music is a major cultural phenom- culture and society that it comes from. This is the enon. An analysis of Kent’s music offers a unique case with the contemporary Swedish rock band lens through which national identity and spatial Kent.
    [Show full text]
  • 2969 FA Symbio Kenya Mag 2016 01-32.Indd
    Launch Edition APRIL 2016 Kenya Urban The new buzzword Council of Governors Taking the lead In urban development How to become a SymbioCity Pilot County LAUNCH EDITION 3 Sister organisations partnering 6 council of governors – 9 REFLECTION: Devolution for sustainability taking the lead in Urban and Sustainable Urban Development Development The intention of this publication is to make information available on the partners, process and progress of the SymbioCity Kenya Programme. The programme is hosted by Council of Governors, in partnership with the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions and with funding 12 Harnessing Kenya´s Urban 16 Zeros and ones from Embassy of Sweden. Potential TEXTS: SymbioCity Kenya Team (Nicodemus Mbwika, Maureen Njoga, Everlyne Otieno, Julius C’Oredo, Anna Backmann) unless otherwise specifi ed. PHOTOS: Isabella Gomes, andobsyourunclephotography, unless otherwise specifi ed. DESIGN: Infestation (www.infestation.co.za) PUBLISHER: The contents of this publication is the 19 SymbioCity 101 28 partnerships – what are they sole responsibility of good for the SymbioCity Kenya Programme. Any mistakes or oversights are unintentional and the responsibility of the 4 What is SymbioCity Kenya 21 What is a pilot? Programme. The contents 5 Take the lead! 22 HOW TO: Become a Symbio Pilot cannot be regarded as County refl ecting the position of the 7 Paving the way for Habitat III Embassy of Sweden. You are 23 FAQ: Pilots welcome to copy, distribute 8 Governors front runners for 30 Q&A: Ask Everlyne and present material, provided Urban Development that you attribute the work to 32 TOP TIPS: For the beginner SymbioCity Kenya.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Speed Broadband Expansion in Rural Sweden Effects on Population and Workplaces
    High-Speed Broadband Expansion in Rural Sweden Effects on population and workplaces Bachelor Thesis Within: Economics Number of Credits: 15 Programme of Study: International Economics & Policy Authors: Thim Andersson & Alexander Stenfeldt Tutors: Sara Johansson & Helena Nilsson Jönköping May 2016 Bachelor Thesis in Economics Title: High-Speed Broadband Expansion in Rural Sweden Authors: Thim Andersson Alexander Stenfeldt Tutors: Sara Johansson Helena Nilsson Date: May 2016 Keywords: Broadband, Rural, Growth, Accessibility, Sweden, Population, Workplaces Abstract This paper examines the effect of high-speed broadband expansion on the rural population and number of rural workplaces in Sweden in the years 2009 and 2014. Previous studies conducted on the subject have found positive correlations between broadband expansion and economic growth. However, most previous studies have been focused on urban areas and the transition from no broadband to basic broadband. This study focuses on the shift from basic broadband to high-speed access in rural areas in all 290 municipalities of Sweden. This paper uses cross-sectional data to perform OLS regressions to test the effect that an expansion of high-speed broadband has on rural population and rural workplaces. An accessibility measure is constructed to control for different access that each municipality has to the rest of the population as well as to control for spatial dependencies. The results of this paper show that there is a significant correlation between high-speed broadband expansion and
    [Show full text]
  • OECD Territorial Reviews the Megaregion of Western Scandinavia 2018 OECD Territorial Reviews Th E M E Ga Re Gi O N O F W E S Ter N Sc an D Inavia 2018 Inavia
    OECD Territorial Reviews THE MEGAreGION OF WESterN ScANDINAVIA 2018 OECD Territorial Reviews Reviews Territorial OECD TH E M E GA re GI O N O F W E S ter N Sc AN D INAVIA 2018 OECD Territorial Reviews: The Megaregion of Western Scandinavia This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document, as well as any data and any map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2018), OECD Territorial Reviews: The Megaregion of Western Scandinavia, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264290679-en ISBN 978-92-64-29066-2 (print) ISBN 978-92-64-29067-9 (PDF) Series: OECD Territorial Reviews ISSN 1990-0767 (print) ISSN 1990-0759 (online) The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Photo credits: Cover © Jeffrey Fisher Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm. © OECD 2018 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of the source and copyright owner(s) is given.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Royal Family Resided Mainly on the First Floor
    4 of Kings •srmatio on Berna and evolu MIKAEL ALM & BRITT-INGER JOHANSSON (EDS.) Opuscula Historica Upsaliensia utges av Historiska institutionen vid Uppsala universitet och syftar till att sprida information om den forskning som bedrivs vid och i anslutning till institutionen. Huvudredaktör: Mikael Alm Redaktion: Josefin Englund, Jonas Lindström, Cristina Prytz och Patrik Winton. Löpande prenumeration tecknas genom skriftlig anmälan till Opuscula, Historiska institutionen, Box 628, 751 26 Uppsala, [email protected], http://www.hist.uu.se/opuscula/ Enstaka nummer kan beställas från Swedish Science Press, Box 118, 751 04 Uppsala, www.ssp.nu, [email protected], telefon 018/36 55 66, telefax 018/36 52 77 Scripts of Kingship Essays on Bernadotte and Dynastic Formation in an Age of Revolution MIKAEL ALM & BRITT-INGER JOHANSSON (EDS.) Distribution Swedish Science Press, Box 118, 751 04 Uppsala [email protected], www.ssp.nu Cover illustration: Pehr Krafft (the Younger), The Coronation of Charles XIVJohn in Stockholm 1818 (detail). Nationalmuseum. Photo: Nationalmuseum, Stockholm. © The authors Graphic design: Elina Antell Print: Reklam & katalogtryck AB, Uppsala 2008 ISSN 0284-8783 ISBN 978-91-977312-2-5 Editors' Preface The following nine essays emanate from the interdisciplinary project The Making of a Dynasty (Sw: En dynasti blir till. Medier, myter och makt kring Karl XIV Johan), financed by The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and directed by Nils Ekedahl. The introduction by Solfrid Söderlind is written specifically for this book, and Torkel Janssons contribution is an elaborated version of a previously published artide. The remaining seven essays were all presented as conference papers at the European Social Science and History Conference (ESSHC) in Amsterdam in March 2006.
    [Show full text]