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Univerzita Pardubice Fakulta Ekonomicko-Správní Ústav Veřejné

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Univerzita Pardubice Fakulta Ekonomicko-Správní Ústav Veřejné Univerzita Pardubice Fakulta ekonomicko-správní Ústav ve řejné správy a práva Pardubický kraj – regionální cestovní ruch – možnosti a bariéry Nikola T ěšíková Bakalá řská práce 2013 PROHLÁŠENÍ Prohlašuji, že jsem tuto práci vypracovala samostatn ě. Veškeré literární prameny a informace, které jsem v práci využila, jsou uvedeny v seznamu použité literatury. Byla jsem seznámena s tím, že se na moji práci vztahují práva a povinnosti vyplývající ze zákona č. 121/2000 Sb., autorský zákon, zejména se skute čností, že Univerzita Pardubice má právo na uzav ření licen ční smlouvy o užití této práce jako školního díla podle § 60 odst. 1 autorského zákona, a s tím, že pokud dojde k užití této práce mnou nebo bude poskytnuta licence o užití jinému subjektu, je Univerzita Pardubice oprávn ěna ode mne požadovat přim ěř ený p řísp ěvek na úhradu náklad ů, které na vytvo ření díla vynaložila, a to podle okolností až do jejich skute čné výše. Souhlasím s prezen čním zp řístupn ěním své práce v Univerzitní knihovn ě. V Pardubicích dne 30. 4. 2013 Nikola T ěšíková POD ĚKOVÁNÍ : Ráda bych touto cestou vyjád řila pod ěkování vedoucí mé bakalá řské práce RNDr. Šárce Brychtové, Ph.D za cenné rady, informace a podn ětné p řipomínky p ři vedení mé práce. Také chci pod ěkovat své rodin ě za velkou trp ělivost a podporu poskytovanou po celou dobu mého studia. ANOTACE Předm ětem bakalá řské práce je analýza cestovního ruchu na území Pardubického kraje. První část je zam ěř ena na teoretické aspekty, které se vztahují k cestovnímu ruchu. Následn ě je charakterizován z hlediska cestovního ruchu vybraný kraj a analyzován jeho sou časný stav. Další část se zabývá řešením potencionálních možností a bariér cestovního ruchu v kraji a je dopln ěna vlastním dotazníkovým šet řením. KLÍ ČOVÁ SLOVA Cestovní ruch; Pardubický kraj; region; strukturální fondy EU TITLE Pardubice region - regional tourism - opportunities and barriers ANNOTATION The subject of this thesis is the analysis of tourism in the Pardubice region. The first part focuses on the theoretical aspects related to tourism. Following is characterized in terms of tourism selected regionand analyzed its current state. The next section addresses the potential opportunities and barriers to tourism in the region and is accompanied by its own questionnaire. KEYWORDS Pardubice region; tourism; region; EU structural fud OBSAH ÚVOD ................................................................................................................................................................... 12 1 CESTOVNÍ RUCH (POJEM, FORMY, DRUHY)................................................................................. 13 1.1 VÝZNAM CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU ................................................................................................................. 14 1.2 ZÁKLADNÍ POJMY V CESTOVNÍM RUCHU .................................................................................................. 14 1.3 FORMY CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU.................................................................................................................... 15 1.4 DRUHY CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU.................................................................................................................... 17 1.5 FAKTORY OVLIV ŇUJÍCÍ ROZVOJ CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU .............................................................................. 18 1.5.1 Faktory lokaliza ční........................................................................................................................ 18 1.5.2 Realiza ční faktory.......................................................................................................................... 20 1.5.3 Selektivní (stimula ční) faktory ....................................................................................................... 21 2 ROZVOJ REGIONÁLNÍHO CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU (CESTOVNÍ RUCH V ČR A EU, HISTORIE, SOU ČASNOST)............................................................................................................................. 23 2.1 REGIONÁLNÍ CESTOVNÍ RUCH .................................................................................................................. 23 2.1.1 Vymezení destinace cestovního ruchu............................................................................................ 23 2.2 POSTAVENÍ CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V REGIONU ........................................................................................... 23 2.3 HISTORIE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU ................................................................................................................ 24 2.3.1 Prvopo čátky vývoje cestovního ruchu............................................................................................ 24 2.3.2 Moderní cestovní ruch................................................................................................................... 24 2.3.3 Novodobý cestovní ruch................................................................................................................. 25 2.3.4 Období po roce 1989 ..................................................................................................................... 25 2.4 CESTOVNÍ RUCH V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE ...................................................................................................... 25 2.4.1 Vývoj po roce 1989........................................................................................................................ 25 2.4.2 Vliv cestovního ruchu na HDP ...................................................................................................... 26 2.4.3 Návšt ěvnost ČR.............................................................................................................................. 27 2.5 CESTOVNÍ RUCH V EU ............................................................................................................................. 28 2.5.1 Programovací období 2007–2013 ................................................................................................. 28 2.5.2 Programovací období 2014 – 2020 ............................................................................................... 31 3 CHARAKTERISTIKA PARDUBICKÉHO KRAJE ............................................................................. 32 3.1 GEOGRAFICKÁ POLOHA A VYMEZENÍ REGIONU ........................................................................................ 32 3.2 LOKALIZA ČNÍ P ŘEDPOKLADY .................................................................................................................. 34 3.3 REALIZA ČNÍ P ŘEDPOKLADY..................................................................................................................... 34 3.4 ORGANIZACE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU .......................................................................................................... 35 3.4.1 Pardubický kraj ............................................................................................................................. 35 3.4.2 Destina ční spole čnost Východní Čechy ......................................................................................... 35 3.4.3 Oblastní organizace cestovního ruchu .......................................................................................... 36 3.5 CESTOVNÍ RUCH NA ÚZEMÍ PARDUBICKÉHO KRAJE .................................................................................. 36 3.5.1 Kulturn ě poznávací cestovní ruch.................................................................................................. 36 3.5.2 Rekrea ční cestovní ruch................................................................................................................. 38 3.5.3 Sportovn ě – turistický cestovní ruch.............................................................................................. 39 3.5.4 Láze ňský cestovní ruch .................................................................................................................. 39 3.6 SPECIALIZACE JEDNOTLIVÝCH TURISTICKÝCH OBLASTÍ ........................................................................... 39 4 ANALÝZA CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V PARDUBICKÉM KRAJI...................................................... 41 4.1 POTENCIÁL CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU ............................................................................................................. 41 4.2 INFRASTRUKTURA CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU ................................................................................................... 41 4.3 NÁVŠT ĚVNOST ......................................................................................................................................... 43 4.4 SWOT ANALÝZA PARDUBICKÉHO KRAJE ................................................................................................ 46 4.5 PODPORA A STRATEGIE ROZVOJE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V KRAJI ............................................................... 50 5 MOŽNOSTI A BARIÉRY ROZVOJE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU V DANÉM REGIONU................. 53 5.1 MOŽNOSTI POTENCIÁLNÍHO ROZVOJE CESTOVNÍHO RUCHU ..................................................................... 54 5.1.1 Oblast infrastruktury cestovního ruchu ......................................................................................... 54 5.1.2 Oblast produkt ů cestovního ruchu................................................................................................. 56 5.1.3 Oblast organizace, vzd ělávání a komunikace................................................................................ 57 5.1.4 Oblast informa čních
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