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World Bank Document Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIAL ASSESSMENT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS POVERTY REDUCTION PROJECT Dak Nong, Dak Lak, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Quang Ngai & Quang Nam [Draft 2] [THIS DRAFT IS FOR CONSULTATION ONLY, PLEASE DO NOT QUOTE] Public Disclosure Authorized August 2013 Public Disclosure Authorized List of Tables, Figures and Boxes ...................................................................................................... 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................................... 5 Abbreviation ........................................................................................................................................ 6 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 10 1.1 Context of the Social Assessment .......................................................................................... 10 1.2 Assessment Objectives .......................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Assessment Methodology ....................................................................................................... 11 1.3.1 Theoretical framework...................................................................................................... 11 1.3.2 Data collection tools ......................................................................................................... 16 1.3.3 Sampling procedure and sampling size ........................................................................... 17 CHAPTER 2: KEY FINDINGS OF THE ASSESSMENT .................................................................. 19 2.1 Vulnerable groups, livelihoods capital and external factors that increase the vulnerability ... 19 2.1.1 Vulnerability of Project’s target groups ............................................................................ 20 2.1.2 Accessibility to livelihood funding of target groups in project areas ................................ 24 2.1.3 Some environmental/external factors contribute to the vulnerability of disadvantaged groups in project areas .............................................................................................................. 39 2.2 Organizational structures and processes ............................................................................... 42 2.2.1 Organizational structures having potential effects on the success of the Project implementation .......................................................................................................................... 43 2.2.2 Policies, processes and institutions: their levels of impacts on the participation and benefits of vulnerable target groups .......................................................................................... 47 2.2.3 Some cultural, ritual practices affecting the Project implementation ............................... 53 2.3 Verifying the suitability of the CHPov Project’s livelihood strategies ...................................... 57 2.3.1 Remarkable feedbacks on infrastructure development supports .................................... 57 2.3.2 Remarkable feedbacks on livelihood development supports........................................... 59 2.3.3 Remarkable feedbacks on capacity building activities and project management ........... 61 CHAPTER 3: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................ 63 3.1 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 63 3.2 Recommendations .................................................................................................................. 65 3.2.1. Recommendations to ensure the participation and benefits for vulnerable target groups .................................................................................................................................................. 65 3.2.2. Recommendations on other stakeholders that could have direct and indirect influences on the Project's success ........................................................................................................... 67 3.3. Notes to the report ................................................................................................................. 69 References ....................................................................................................................................... 70 Appendix 1: Consultation guidance framework ............................................................................ 71 2 Appendix 2: List of provinces/districts/communes in CHPov Project ........................................... 75 Appendix 3: List of interviewees and participants in group discussions ....................................... 76 3 List of Tables, Figures and Boxes Table 1.1: Glossary of key terms used in the SLA framework ......................................................... 13 Table 2.1: District poverty rates in project areas, 2010 .................................................................... 20 Table 2.2: Access to utilities (electricity, water, and sanitation) by ethnic groups (2010) ................ 22 Table 2.3: Poverty rate by genders of household heads in project areas (2010) ............................ 23 Table 2.4: Access to utilities (electricity, clean water, sanitation) of households in project areas, clustered by genders of household heads (2010) ............................................................................ 23 Table 2.5: Land ownership and usage, by ethnic groups (2010) ..................................................... 24 Table 2.6: Land ownership and usage, by genders (2010) .............................................................. 25 Table 2.7: Number of laborers in households in project areas, by ethnic groups (2011) ................ 28 Table 2.8: Number of workers in households, by genders of household heads (2011) ................... 28 Table 2.9: Quality of workforce in project areas – the highest qualification/education of household heads (2010) .................................................................................................................................... 30 Table 2.10: Labor quality reflecting in qualification/education of household heads, by genders (2010) ............................................................................................................................................... 31 Table 2.11: Infrastructure serving agricultural production in project areas (2010) ........................... 32 Table 2.12: Households’ access to financial capital in (July 1, 2011) .............................................. 34 Table 2.13: Households’ access to financial capital, by genders of household heads (July 1, 2011) .......................................................................................................................................................... 36 Table 2.14. Ownership of telecommunication devices and TVs in project areas, by ethnic groups (2010) ............................................................................................................................................... 38 Table 2.15: Ownership of telecommunication devices in project areas, by genders of household heads ................................................................................................................................................ 39 Figure 1.1: Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) ...................................................................... 11 Figure 2.1: Ethnic presence in Project areass ................................................................................. 20 Figure 2.2 Poverty rate by ethnic groups, 2010 ............................................................................... 21 Figure 2.3: Proportion of land used for different crops (%), by genders of household heads (2010) .......................................................................................................................................................... 26 Figure 2.4: Percentage of children with malnutrition in project areas (2011) ................................... 29 Figure 2.5: Proportion of households owning agriculture machines and equipment in project provinces (2010) ............................................................................................................................... 33 Box 2.1: Limited access to land and water in project areas ............................................................. 27 Box 2.2: Discussions on division of labor between men and women in project areas ..................... 29 Box 2.3: Discussions on qualification/education of EM groups in project areas .............................. 30 Box 2.4: Discussion on saving practices of disadvantaged groups in project areas ....................... 34 Box 2.5: Community spirit is an important social capital of migrant EMs in project areas ............... 37 Box 2.6: Discussion on impacts of migrant waves ........................................................................... 41 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The consultants conducted this survey and developed the “Social Assessment” for the Poverty Reduction in the Central Highlands Project (CHPov) under the mandate of the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and World Bank (WB). During our research,
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