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A Centennial History of the Nebraska State Historical Society, 1878-1978

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A Centennial History of the Nebraska State Historical Society, 1878-1978 Nebraska History posts materials online for your personal use. Please remember that the contents of Nebraska History are copyrighted by the Nebraska State Historical Society (except for materials credited to other institutions). The NSHS retains its copyrights even to materials it posts on the web. For permission to re-use materials or for photo ordering information, please see: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/magazine/permission.htm Nebraska State Historical Society members receive four issues of Nebraska History and four issues of Nebraska History News annually. For membership information, see: http://nebraskahistory.org/admin/members/index.htm Article Title: A Centennial History of the Nebraska State Historical Society, 1878-1978 Full Citation: Anne Polk Diffendal, “A Centennial History of the Nebraska State Historical Society, 1878-1978,” Nebraska History 59 (1978): 311-437. URL of article: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/publish/publicat/history/full-text/1978-3-NSHS_100_Years.pdf Date: 2/17/2010 Article Summary: The Nebraska State Historical Society, a state-supported institution, administers historical activities funded by the state, except formal classroom instruction. It collects and preserves basic sources for the history of Nebraska and the Plains, advances knowledge of this history, and disseminates it to the general public as well as scholars. To this end the Society administers museums and historical sites; supports archaeological field work; surveys historical buildings; collects manuscripts and newspapers; preserves records of state and local government; marks places of historical interest; maintains a library of books, maps and photographs; and publishes a quarterly journal and other works on historical and archaeological subjects. Chapter I: Before the Nebraska State Historical Society; Chapter II: Origins of the Nebraska State Historical Society, 1878-1900; Chapter III: Growth and Development, 1901-1916; Chapter IV: The Sheldon Years, 1917- 1943; Chapter V: The New Building; Chapter VI: The Recent Years, 1963-1978; Appendix A: Officers of the Nebraska State Historical Society; Appendix B: Historic Sites Maintained by the Nebraska State Historical Society, Historic Sites Maintained by the Nebraska State Historical Society Foundation. Members of the Board of the Nebraska State Historical Society Cataloging Information: Names, Place Names: [Since this article, appendices and photos contain a very large number of Nebraska and personal place names, any added names are listed in the keyword section of this information. See also Appendices on pages 429 – 432] Keywords: “Midwestern historical societies” “State Historical and Library Association” “Territorial Governor” “historical block” “state institution” “Publications and Reports” “Nebraska Advertiser” “Provisional Government of Nebraska Territory and the Journals of William Walker” “Architecture Hall” “The Nebraska State Journal” “Missouri Historical Society” “Chouteau collection” “University of Nebraska” “field work” “extension work” “Public Archives Commission” “American Historical Association” “State Archaeologist” “Conservative” “Curator” “Illustrated History of Nebraska” “Use of Plants by the Indians” “State Historical Society of South Dakota” “White Eagle” “Fort Kearney” “Committee on Historic Sites” “Conference of State and Local Historical Societies” “Legislative Reference Bureau” “Block 29” “George A Berlinghof” “Works Progress Administration” “Nebraska History” “Historical Train” “Nebraska History and Record of Pioneer Days” “Land Systems and Land Policies in Nebraska” “Mississippi Valley Historical Association” “American Association for State and Local History” “Nebraska Territorial and State Pioneers’ Association” “Prairie Schooner” “WOAW” “Semi-Centennial Exhibition” “United States National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution” “Introduction to Nebraska Archeology” “Nebraska State Historical Society Foundation” “Tapes for Teaching Library” “KRVN” “KUON” “Great Plains Trilogy” “Land of their Own” “Western Heritage” “Publications in Anthropology” “Woodland Sites in Nebraska” “Published Sources on Territorial Nebraska” “Index-Guide to the Contents of the Publications, 1885-1956, and the Magazine, 1918-1958” “Woods Charitable Fund” “The Great Platte River Road” “From the Missouri to the Great Salt Lake” “Conquering the Great American Desert: Nebraska” “Red Cloud and the Sioux Problem” “Mollie: The Journal of Mollie Dorsey Sanford in Nebraska and Colorado Territories” “Man of the Robert W. Furnas. Nebraska governor. newspaper publisher. and horticulturalist. initiated the drive to organize the Nebraska State Historical Society and served as its President U878-1890. 1904-1905). A CENTENNIAL HISTORY OF THE NEBRASKA STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 1878-1978 By Anne Polk Diffendal CHAPTER I BEFORE THE NEBRASKA STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY Traditionally an anniversary, whether of an individual or of an institution, provides an occasion for reflection upon the events which have led to the milestone. This custom is particularly appropriate during a centenary. It seems fitting, therefore, that the centennial anniversary of the founding of the Nebraska State Historical Society would be marked by the publication of a history of the Society. Perhaps those whose lives it now affects can better evaluate its current condition and can more intelligently decide on its future course by learning of its development to the present. The Nebraska State Historical Society, a state-supported institution, administers all manner of historical activities funded by the state except that of formal classroom instruction. The I i Society collects and preserves basic sources for the history of i Nebraska and the Plains, advances knowledge of this history, and disseminates it to all-the general public as well as scholars. In this respect the Society is unique in the state which it serves. It is an ed ucational institution in which the learner examines subjects of particular interest to himself; one where the student proceeds at his own pace; one which offers assistance to the classroom teacher but does not impose its own curriculum. Books, documents, and artifacts are collected and maintained for the use of persons who have the knowledge and preparation to study these materials for themselves. At the same time, a staff of specialists interprets these sources through exhibits, publications, and other such programs for those who may have 311 312 NEBRASKA HISTORY neither the time nor the training to investigate historical questions on their own. To these ends the Society administers museums and historical sites; supports archeological field work; surveys historical buildings; collects manuscripts and newspapers; preserves records of state and local government; marks places of historical interest; maintains a library of books, maps, and photographs; and publishes a quarterly journal and other works on historical and archeological subjects. The Society has not always existed as it appears today. Contemporary programs have developed from the aims of its founders as expressed in 1878 by the articles of incorporation and the first constitution. The history of the Society may be understood as the conversion of these general goals into particular projects. New programs have been developed and old ones altered in response to changing conceptions of the nature of historical study, following new views of the Society's proper role, and as a result of fluctuating financial resources. The Nebraska State Historical Society represents a type of institution typically found in the midwestern United States. The model for this kind of organization is the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, founded in 1848 as the first publicly supported state historical society. Other examples include the societies in Minnesota, founded in 1848, Iowa (1857), Kansas (1875), Missouri (1898), and South Dakota (1901).1 Such associations were usually incorporated shortly after the organization of the state primarily because of the founders' belief that they were participating in great historical events which should be documented as they occurred. Soon after their founding the societies began receiving state funds to maintain their activities. As new programs, such as collecting state and local records, marking historical sites, and preserving historical buildings, began to receive state support, they were generally assigned to the existing historical society, particularly in the cases of Nebraska, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Kansas. As a result of public funding, the midwestern historical societies differed from their older counterparts in the east and south. The latter were private, restricted organizations with memberships whose meetings resembled gentlemen's clubs of a small, cultured elite. Initially, the midwestern societies appeared to take a similar form including constitutional Gilbert C. Monell, Secretary of the Nebraska Historical Society organized in 1858, was elected to the original Board of the Nebras­ ka State Historical Society in 1878. requirements for elective membership, After they began receiving tax support, however, the midwestern groups sought large memberships and directed their programs to a wide audience. The founding of the Nebraska State Historical Society in 1878 was not the first attempt to organize an historical association in Nebraska. In 1858, only four years after the creation of the territory, the Nebraska Historical Society was founded in the capital city of Omaha. Gilbert C. Monell, the Corresponding
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