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Astoriaorenterprooirviiala '^/I^T^J^/R^C^F^
^''i;))'\.. \ v',:< .'^s +? •^' Digitized by the Internet Arcliive in 2007 witli funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation littp://www.archive.org/details/astoriaorenterprOOirviiala '^/i^t^j^/r^c^f^. UCSB LIBRARY : BENTLEY'S STANDARD LIBRARY POPULAR MODERN LITERATURE. LONDON RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET, IPtitlifiSer in ©rJinarfi to ter Maitsts- 1839. WUITINO, BtAUFORT BOUSE, STHAND. -^ASMEMfSrO^ JllK^^i^'KH©, MS' ASTORIA; OR, ENTERPRISE BEYOND THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS. BY WASHINGTON IRVING, AUTHOR OF " THE SKETCH BOOK," " THE ALHAMBRA," &C. LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET, "iputltslDcr in ©rtrinarg to Ser iHajestg. J 839. ; INTRODUCTION. In the course of occasional visits to Canada many years since, I became intimately acquainted with some of the principal partners of the great North- West Fur Company, who at that time lived in genial style at Montreal, and kept almost open house for the stranger. At their hospitable boards I occasion- ally met with partners, and clerks, and hardy fur traders from the interior posts ; men who had passed years remote from civilized society, among distant and savage tribes, and who had wonders to recount of their wide and wild peregrinations, their hunting exploits, and their perilous adventures and hair- breadth escapes among the Indians. I was at an age when the imagination lends its colouring to every thing, and the stories of these Sinbads of the wilderness made the life of a trapper and fur trader perfect romance to me. I even meditated at one time a visit to the remote posts of the company in the boats which annually ascended the lakes and rivers, being thereto invited by one of the partners and I have ever since regretted that I was prevented by circumstances from carrying my intention into effect. -
Etienne Lucier
Etienne Lucier Readers should feel free to use information from the website, however credit must be given to this site and to the author of the individual articles. By Ella Strom Etienne Lucier was born in St. Edouard, District of Montreal, Canada, in 1793 and died on the French Prairie in Oregon, United States in 1853.1 This early pioneer to the Willamette Valley was one of the men who helped to form the early Oregon society and government. Etienne Lucier joined the Wilson Price Hunt overland contingent of John Jacob Astor’s Pacific Fur Company in 1810.2 3 After the Pacific Fur Company was dissolved during the War of 1812,4 he entered the service of the North West Company and, finally, ended up being a brigade leader for the Hudson’s Bay Company.5 For a short time in 1827, he lived on what would be come known as East Portland. He helped several noted pioneers establish themselves in the northern Willamette Valley by building three cabins in Oregon City for Dr. John McLoughlin and a home at Chemaway for Joseph Gervais.6 Also as early as 1827, Lucier may have had a temporary cabin on a land claim which was adjacent to the Willamette Fur Post in the Champoeg area. However, it is clear that by 1829 Lucier had a permanent cabin near Champoeg.7 F.X. Matthieu, a man who would be instrumental in determining Oregon’s future as an American colony, arrived on the Willamette in 1842, “ragged, barefoot, and hungry” and Lucier gave him shelter for two years.8 Matthieu and Lucier were key votes in favor of the organization of the provisional government under American rule in the May 1843 vote at Champoeg. -
Road to Oregon Written by Dr
The Road to Oregon Written by Dr. Jim Tompkins, a prominent local historian and the descendant of Oregon Trail immigrants, The Road to Oregon is a good primer on the history of the Oregon Trail. Unit I. The Pioneers: 1800-1840 Who Explored the Oregon Trail? The emigrants of the 1840s were not the first to travel the Oregon Trail. The colorful history of our country makes heroes out of the explorers, mountain men, soldiers, and scientists who opened up the West. In 1540 the Spanish explorer Coronado ventured as far north as present-day Kansas, but the inland routes across the plains remained the sole domain of Native Americans until 1804, when Lewis and Clark skirted the edges on their epic journey of discovery to the Pacific Northwest and Zeb Pike explored the "Great American Desert," as the Great Plains were then known. The Lewis and Clark Expedition had a direct influence on the economy of the West even before the explorers had returned to St. Louis. Private John Colter left the expedition on the way home in 1806 to take up the fur trade business. For the next 20 years the likes of Manuel Lisa, Auguste and Pierre Choteau, William Ashley, James Bridger, Kit Carson, Tom Fitzgerald, and William Sublette roamed the West. These part romantic adventurers, part self-made entrepreneurs, part hermits were called mountain men. By 1829, Jedediah Smith knew more about the West than any other person alive. The Americans became involved in the fur trade in 1810 when John Jacob Astor, at the insistence of his friend Thomas Jefferson, founded the Pacific Fur Company in New York. -
Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc
Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Inc. 7407 La Jolla Boulevard www.raremaps.com (858) 551-8500 La Jolla, CA 92037 [email protected] Carte De La Partie Occidentale Des Etats-Unis, Dressee pour servir a l'intelligence des decouvertes des Americains. M.M. Hunt et Stuart, fairts en 1811, 12 et 13 . 1821 (First Map of the Oregon Trail--with 2 volumes of text) Stock#: 46454 Map Maker: Lapie Date: 1821 Place: Paris Color: Hand Colored Condition: VG+ Size: 16 x 10 inches Price: SOLD Description: Rare and highly important map of the Northwest, the first ever appearance of the Oregon Trail on a printed map. The present examples is accompanied by Volumes 10 and 12 of the Nouvelles Annales Des Voyages , which includes 3 lengthy articles on reporting on explorations relating to the Hunt and Stuart expeditions from St. Louis to the Pacific, via the Missouri River and the Columbia River and the return expedition, which led to the discovery of South Pass and the Oregon Trail. Lapie's map was prepared to illustrate Robert Stuart and Wilson Price Hunt's account of the overland expeditions between Astoria and the Missouri River, which resulted in the discovery of the South Pass and the Oregon Trail. In 1810, John Jacob Astor of the American Fur Company, outfitted an expedition (known as the Astor Expedition) under the command of Wilson Price Hunt, to find a possible overland supply route from the east and to explore the fur trapping territory for prospective trading posts. Fearing attack by the Blackfoot Indians, the overland expedition veered south of Lewis and Clark's route into what is now Wyoming and in the process passed across Union Pass and into Jackson Hole, Wyoming. -
Old Ships and Ship-Building Days of Medford 1630-1873
OLD SHIPS AND SHIP-BUILDING DAYS OF MEDFORD 1630-1873 By HALL GLEASON WEST MEDFORD, MASS. 1936 -oV Q. co U © O0 •old o 3 § =a « § S5 O T3». Sks? r '■ " ¥ 5 s<3 H " as< -,-S.s« «.,; H u « CxJ S Qm § -°^ fc. u§i G rt I Uh This book was reproduced by the Medford Co-operative Bank. January 1998 Officers Robert H. Surabian, President & CEO Ralph W. Dunham, Executive Vice President Henry T. Sampson, Jr., Senior Vice President Thomas Burke, Senior Vice President Deborah McNeill, Senior Vice President John O’Donnell, Vice President John Line, Vice President Annette Hunt, Vice President Sherry Ambrose, Assistant Vice President Pauline L. Sampson, Marketing & Compliance Officer Patricia lozza, Mortgage Servicing Officer Directors John J. McGlynn, Chairman of the Board Julie Bemardin John A. Hackett Richard M. Kazanjian Dennis Raimo Lorraine P. Silva Robert H. Surabian CONTENTS. Chapter Pagf. I. Early Ships 7 II. 1800-1812 . 10 III. War of 1812 19 IV. 1815-1850 25 V. The Pepper Trade 30 VI. The California Clipper Ship Era . 33 VII. Storms and Shipwrecks . 37 VIII. Development of the American Merchant Vessel 48 IX. Later Clipper Ships 52 X. Medford-Built Vessels . 55 Index 81 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Page Clipper Ship Thatcher Magoun Frontispiece Medford Ship-Builders 7 Yankee Privateer 12 Mary Pollock Subtitle from Kipling’s “Derelict *’ 13 Heave to 20 The Squall . 20 A Whaler 21 Little White Brig 21 Little Convoy 28 Head Seas 28 Ship Lucilla 28 Brig Magoun 29 Clipper Ship Ocean Express 32 Ship Paul Jones” 32 Clipper Ship “Phantom” 32 Bark Rebecca Goddard” 33 Clipper Ship Ringleader” 36 Ship Rubicon 36 Ship Bazaar 36 Ship Cashmere 37 Clipper Ship Herald of the Morning” 44 Bark Jones 44 Clipper Ship Sancho Panza 44 Clipper Ship “Shooting Star 45 Ship “Sunbeam” . -
History of North Dakota Chapter 3
34 History of North Dakota CHAPTER 3 A Struggle for the Indian Trade THE D ISCOVERY OF AMERICA set in motion great events. For one thing, it added millions of square miles of land to the territorial resources which Europeans could use. For another, it provided a new source of potential income for the European economy. A golden opportunity was at hand, and the nations of Europe responded by staking out colonial empires. As the wealth of the New World poured in, it brought about a 400-year boom and transformed European institutions. Rivalry for empire brought nations into conflict over the globe. It reached North Dakota when fur traders of three nationalities struggled to control the Upper Missouri country. First the British, coming from Hudson Bay and Montreal, dominated trade with the Knife River villages. Then the Spanish, working out of St. Louis, tried to dislodge the British, but distance and the hostility of Indians along the Missouri A Struggle for the Indian Trade 35 caused them to fail. After the Louisiana Purchase, Lewis and Clark claimed the Upper Missouri for the United States, and Americans from St. Louis began to seek trade there. They encountered the same obstacles which had stopped the Spanish, however, and with the War of 18l 2, they withdrew from North Dakota, leaving it still in British hands. THE ARRIVAL OF BRITISH TRADERS When the British captured Montreal in 1760, the French abandoned their posts in the Indian country and the Indians were compelled to carry all of their furs to Hudson Bay. Before long, however, British traders from both the Bay and Montreal began to venture into the region west of Lake Superior, and by 1780 they had forts on the Assiniboine River. -
BACK-TRAILING on the OLD Drawing by CHARLES M
THE CHOTEA!! MONTANAN. BACK-TRAILING ON THE OLD Drawing by CHARLES M. RUSSELL LIONESS ESCAPES; HOW BOY SOUGHT ATTACKS HUNTER HIS DEAD FATHER LIBBY’S FAMOUS LIVE ANIMAL GROPED HIS WAY THROUGH UN TRAPPER HAS MOST THRIL DERGROUND WORKINGS TO LING EXPERIENCE SCENE OF ROCK FALL Lioness Gnaws Her Way Out of the Found Parent’s Body Pinned Under Wooden Cage and With Cubs She Heavy Rock; Had Handful of Matches to Light Him on His Way; Leaves for the Woods; in Effect Narrowly Missed Death by Falling ing Her Capture, M. H. Bakker Has Into Shaft. Finger Bitten Off. The story of tho many quakes The first injury of importance and fears he felt as he groped his that M. H. Bakker, Libby’s famous way 200 feet underground by the live lion hunter, has received dur flickering glare of matches to ing the years he has been engaged in his hazardous employment oc search for his foster father, Wil curred recently, when a lioness he liam Medlyn, who lay pinned be had captured snapped off half of neath a fall of rock, was related the little finger on his left hand. by 10-ycar-old Harry Howard of The accident happened near his Butte. ranch, a short distance up the river How he paused at the brink of from Libby. The lioness was one captured by him in the Fisher river the frowning pit to muster up his country last fall, and the one that courage before he could bring him has since her capture become the self to grasp the first rung of the mother of four kittens, two of them frail ladder and begin his tortuous still alive and healthy. -
Kanaka World Travelers and Fur Company Employees, 1785-1860
Kanaka World Travelers and Fur Company Employees, 1785-1860 Janice K. Duncan Chinese, Japanese, and Negroes were not the only minority racial groups represented in the early history of Oregon Country (which included Oregon, Washington, parts of Idaho and Montana). Before approximately i860 many foreigners in the area were Hawaiian Islanders, called Sandwich Islanders, Owhyees and, most frequently, Kanakas. Hawaii was discovered in 1778 by Captain James Cook, who named the islands after his patron, the Earl of Sandwich. Within less than a decade after Cook's discovery the Islands had become a regular stop for merchant and whaling vessels needing fresh water and provisions, and many crew members remained in the newly discovered paradise.1 Cook's discovery also brought the natives of Hawaii a new outlet for their curiosity and for their excellent abilities on the sea. The ships that stopped in the Islands often were looking for additions to their crews, either as seamen or as personal servants for the officers or for the wives of merchant captains who often accompanied their husbands.2 In May 1787, the British ship Imperial Eagle took aboard an Hawaiian woman, to be the personal servant of the captain's wife, and she became the first recorded Islander to leave her homeland.3 In China the captain's wife decided to travel on to Europe, and Winee was left behind to return to the Islands. She found passage on the Nootka, then in the China Sea, and met an Hawaiian chief, Kaiona (Tianna), who had agreed to accom- pany John Meares aboard the Nootka when it left the Islands in August 1787.* There were two other Kanakas who boarded the Nootka with Winee. -
The Influence of the Red-Headed Chief
Discovering John Colter • Remembering Gail M. Stensland • Patrick Gass’s Journal Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation May 2014 Volume 40, No. 2 The Influence of the Red-Headed Chief Wiliam Clark’s Post-Expedition Interaction with Indian Nations EXPERIENCE LEWIS & CLARK EXPEDITION STYLE Visit recreated Corps of Discovery campsites, hike to a scenic waterfall, explore the shoreline by expedition landing craft, and dine on fantastic regional specialties from sustainable farms and wineries along our route. Explore the Columbia & Snake Rivers aboard the 62-guest National Geographic Sea Bird or Sea Lion. Bene t from a historian, naturalists, a geologist, and Lindblad- National Geographic certi ed photo instructor. 7 DAYS | SEPT. & OCT. 2014 Sept 23: Travel With Corps of Discovery Expert, Stephenie Ambrose Tubbs Oct 10: Peak Foliage Photo Expedition With National Geographic Photographer Rich Reid TM Call 1.800.EXPEDITION or your travel agent for details or learn more at expeditions.com/lewisandclark Contents Message from the President 2 L&C Roundup: Unfinished Columbia Gorge monument 5 comes down Remembering: Gail M. Stensland 6 Letters: John Guice addresses President Gorski 7 The Influence of the Red-Headed Chief: William 8 Black Moccasin, p. 8 Clark’s Post-Expedition Interaction with Indian Nations By Jim Hardee “Worthy of Notice”: The Journal of 19 Sergeant Patrick Gass By Barb Kubik Discovering John Colter: New Research 25 on His Family and His Death By Timothy Forrest Coulter Reviews: The Perilous West, by Larry E. Morris; 29 The Indianization of Lewis and Clark, by William R. Swagerty Patrick Gass, p. 20 Along the Trail: Lewis and Clark National Historical Park 32 On the cover: William Clark portrait by Joseph H. -
Voyages to Hawaii Before 1860
Voyages to Hawaii before 1860 Voyages to Hawaii before 1860 A Record, Based on Historical Narratives in the Libraries of the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society and The Hawaiian Historical Society, Extended to March 1860 BERNICE JUDD enlarged and edited by HELEN YONGE LIND THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF HAWAII for HAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN’S SOCIETY Honolulu Open Access edition funded by the National En- dowment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 In- ternational (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non-commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the au- thor. Derivative works and commercial uses require permission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The Cre- ative Commons license described above does not apply to any material that is separately copyrighted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824883928 (PDF) 9780824883935 (EPUB) This version created: 5 September, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. This edition is a revision of that originally published in 1929 by the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society. Copyright © 1974 by The University Press of Hawaii All rights reserved IN MEMORY OF BERNICE JUDD The earlier edition of this book, published in 1929, was written by Bernice Judd. She kept two interleaved copies in which she noted further entries during her thirty-three years’ work in the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society library. -
FIRST AMERICAN NAVAL OFFICER at WAIKIKI (In Memory of Navy Day, 27-October-1954)
Jonathan Thorn’s "Tonquin, E d w in N . M c C l e l l a n FIRST AMERICAN NAVAL OFFICER AT WAIKIKI (In Memory of Navy Day, 27-October-1954) By E d w in N o r t h M c C l e l l a n Jonathan Thorn of New York, United States Navy Lieutenant, was commanding officer of John JacoB Astor’s Tonquin (Tonking) when that ship dropped anchor in Waikiki Bay on February 21, 1811, one day Before George Washington’s Birth day. Lieutenant Thorn was on leave of aBsence from his regular Navy duties to make this cruise, transporting an expedi tion to estaBlish Astoria in Oregon. Court and other Hawaiians. Lieutenant Thorn was entertained on FIRST U.S. NAVAL OFFICER TO SAIL PACIFIC The American Pacific Fur Company, shore at Waikiki By King Kamehameha headed By Astor, required a strong com with a repast consisting of, among other manding officer for the Tonquin. Lieu things, yams, taro, coconuts, pork, bread tenant Thorn “was selected By Astor fruit and "orrack.” no less for his courage and habits of KAMEHAMEHA ABOARD THE "TONQUIN" discipline, than for the prestige a govern On Washington’s Birthday, Lieuten ment officer would give to the adven ant Thorn honored the First Kameha ture,” explained H. H. Bancroft. Wash meha on board the Tonquin. The Royal) ington Irving wrote that Thorn “was a Party arrived alongside the American man of courage and firmness, who had ship in a douBle canoe paddled By Chiefs distinguished himself in our Tripolitan who remained in the craft during the War.” entire visit. -
Astor. Early Okanogan History
r • • • • • • • •• >, •• ... '. .', ." '.. ··, ,,:..,.....'. · . ~. .,.. .. \ asouvenir,g/ the one hundredth cmnivers<'2O' s/ thefrst selt/emer:t in the c§tafe.r }YdShin,!~on unaer fhe Omerlcanfla9'- On event w771ch occurred ..I the moufh5'the OJral1oyan River r!}eJ'f, 18'/1 I -~ - • ••• • • • • :: • • • .'.• •..• • • • • • • ... .' • • • • .. • • •••• •• •••• ••.. ..• • •• • ••• •• •.. .. .'. •• • • •..• • • • ••.. • • • • • .' •• • • ... ... • • • • • •• • .. ' : • • • .' • • • .. • • • . • • •.. 0° '0 •• • • • • • 0 • • • • • • • ·• .°• • • ... '.' JOHN JACOB ASTOR. EARLY OKANOGAN HISTORY :By WILLIAM C. BROWN. Gives an Account 0/ The First Coming 0/ the White Men to this Section .. an : . ..,:.:'. .... .d.' . .. ". ... ..'.,... '.:.'.'.' ...'. " '. ., .. ..' .., . Briefly Narrates the Eve!'t.s. J-..i:~~g. u~ tel: ~jl~rN~~qii~ ... ., . ., .'.. ' . .' .., the Ettraolil;hinenr '0/ .. ,., .. ." '" .,'. ... .,.' ... .. '. ..: , ... .... The First Settlemen( ~n: 'the" State 0/ Washington Under the American Flag .•,. r p,- ~ ' ......'~ • Cf"J'i,e \.. :'>. I,., ,,"_, [' , q 7. • .' • ••• • • • .' • •• • • • • • • • • .' • • • . .. • • • • ••• • • .' • • ••• • •• • • • • • • • • • • • •• • • ..• .' • • • • .. :: • '. • • ' .. .' • • • • • •• • • ..• ..• • • • • • ." • • • • • • .. • • • • • • .. • • •• • ...• • .. ..• .'. • • • •• • • • .. ••• • • ..• •..• • • • • • •'"• • • • • • • • .' • •• • • • • •• •• .. • • .. • •• • • .' • • • • •• • .. • ." ••• • • • • • •• ." •.. • •.'.• • •• • ..• ·.. : • • • • • •• • • • • • .. • • • • CHAPTER 1.