A History of Astronomy, 139 Adhafera

Home , 14 Aquarii, 14 Herculis, 22 Scorpii, 2 Scorpii, 47 Ursae Majoris, 53 Aquarii

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Index

A History of Astronomy, 139 Big Dipper, ix, 1, 18, 32, 40, 115, 119 stars in:Almach (␥ Andromedae), Adhafera (␨ Leonis), 22 how to find, 2–3 102; Alpheratz (␣ Aesculapius, 57 mythology of, 1 Andromedae), 99; Mirach (␤ Agenor, King, 110 Pointer Stars, 3 Andromedae), 101;Nu(␯) Albireo (␤ Cygni), 9 sky measures and, 4, 7 Andromedae, 102;R Alcock, George, 139, 140 binoculars, ix Andromedae, 102;S Alcor (80 Ursae Majoris), 6–7 black holes, Andromedae (extragalactic Alessi, Bruno, 83, 84, 99 Cygnus X-1, 74–75 supernova), 101, 102 Algedi (␣ Capricorni), 82 Book of Fixed Stars, The, 80, 101 Aquarius (the Water Bearer), 84–86 Algieba (␥ Leonis), 21 Book of the Dead, 59 mythology of, 84 Alkaid (␩ Ursae Majoris), 6, 8 Brahe, Tycho, 94 stars in: 14 Aquarii, 85: Henry Allegheny Observatory, 40 Brocchi, Dalmiro, 80 Draper (HD) 210277 Aquarii, Almach (␥ Andromedae), 102 Bryant, William Cullen, 47 planet orbiting, 86; Sadalmelik Alphard (␣ Hydrae), 24–25 Burnham, Robert, 95 (␣ Aquarii), 85; Sadalsuud (␤ Alpheratz (␣ Andromedae), 99 Aquarii), 85; Water Jar in, 85 Al-Sufi, 80, 101 caduceus, 57–58 Aquila (the Eagle) American Association of Variable Star Callisto, 1, 40 mythology of, 73, 78, 84 Observers (AAVSO), 11, 140 Calvary, 27 stars in:Altair (␣ Aquilae), 68; Ancient Egypt, 91, 92 Capella (␣ Aurigae), 115, 126, 127 Gamma (␥ Aquilae), 78 Antares (␣ Scorpii), 48, 53, 54 Capuchin, De Rheita, 28 Argo (the Ship), 131 Anubis, 70 Carroll, Lewis, 61 Aries (the Ram), 103–104 apex of the Sun’s way (see solar apex) Catholic Encyclopedia, 127 First Point of, 104 Aphrodite, 29 Celestial Handbook, 95 mythology of, 104 Apollo, 57, 62, 69 Century of Progress Exposition, 40 stars in: Hamal (␣ Arietis), Arachne’s Web, 29 Cepheus OB2 Association, 88 104 Aratus, 20, 27, 51, 112, 113 Cerberus, 50, 51 Auriga (the Charioteer), 126–129 Arcas (Arctos), 1, 40 Ceres (god), 36, 103 as Christ, 127 Archinal, Brent, 15, 83 Chara (␤ Canum Venaticorum), 33 Kids, the, 126 Arecibo Observatory, 48–50 Charles I of England, 32 mythology of, 126–127 and search for extraterrestrial Charles II of England, 32 stars in:Capella (␣ Aurigae), 115, intelligence, 48–50 Charlotte’s Web (asterism), 29 126, 127; Epsilon (ε Aurigae), Ariadne, 43 Chertan (␪ Leonis), 22 127; Menlalinan (␤ Aurigae), Artemis (see Diana) Christ’s Crib (asterism), 27 127 Arctos (see Arcas) Clayton, Geoffrey C., 44 Bootes (the Herdsman), 40–43 Arcturus (␣ Bootes), 40, 48 coalsacks, 74 mythology of, 40, 42–43 Arion, 76 Coathanger (asterism), 80 stars in:Arcturus (␣ Bootis), 40, Aselli (asterism), 27 Cogswell, Bill, 82 48; Izar (ε Bootis), 43; Astraea (goddess of justice), 56 Collinder 367, 65 Muphrid (␩ Bootis), 43;R Astronomy with an Opera-Glass (1888), 30, Collins, Peter, 140 Bootis, 43; Seginus (␥ Bootis), 54 Columbian Exposition, 40 43; W Bootis, 43 Atlantis (god), 110 Comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, 21 Cancer (the Crab), 26–28 Atlantis (legend of), 25, 113 Comet Halley, 126 mythology of, 26 Atlas (god), 110, 112 Confucius, 46 stars in:55 Cancri, 28; 55 Cancri, Atlas der Himmelskunde, 101 Connaissance des Temps (1801), 112 solar system around, 28; Alpha Anubis (Egyptian deity), 134 Conon of Samos, 29 (␣) Cancri, 28; Beta (␤) averted vision, 7–8 constellations Cancri, 28; Gamma (␥) Cancri, boundaries defined, 34 27; Delta (␦) Cancri, 27; Iota Baba Yaga, 110–111 how to find, 2 (␫) Cancri, 28 Bacchus, 43 new ways to see, 40–42 Canes Venatici (the Hunting Dogs), Bailey, Solon, 140 zodiacal, 18 32–34 Balick, Bruce, 11 constellations (by name) mythology of, 32 Baum, Frank L., 106 Andromeda (the Chained Maiden), stars in:Chara (␤ Canum Bee Book, The, 27 99–103, 109 Venaticorum), 33; Cor Caroli Beehive Cluster, 27–28 as sepulcher, 118 (␣ Canum Venaticorum), 32;Y Betelgeuse (␣ Orionis), 123 mythology of, 87, 90–91 Canum Venaticorum, 33

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-72170-7 - Stephen James O’Meara’s Observing the Night Sky with Binoculars: A Simple Guide to the Heavens Stephen James O’Meara Index More information

Index 145

Canis Major (the Greater Dog), Corvus (the Crow), 39 Leonis), 19, 22, 28, 40;R 130–134 as the Sail, 39 Leonis, 23; Regulus (␣ Leonis), stars in:Aludra (␩ Canis Majoris), Crux (the Southern Cross), 74 18, 20–21, 28; Tau (␶) Leonis, 131; HR 2447 Canis Majoris, Cygnus (the Swan), 9, 73–76 23 planet orbiting, 130; Sirius (␣ as Egyptian ankh, 76 Lepus (the Hare), 120–122 Canis Majoris), 130;Tau(␶) as Northern Cross, 73 mythology of, 120–122 Canis Majoris, 131; Wezen (␦ mythology of, 73 stars in: R Leporis (Hind’s Canis Majoris), 130; Zeta (␨) stars in:Albireo (␤ Cygni), 9, 73, Crimson Star), 122 Canis Majoris, 130 75–76; Chi (␹ Cygni), 75; Libra (the Scales of Justice) Canis Minor (the Lesser Dog), Deneb (␣ Cygni), 68, 73, 76; mythology of, 56–57 134–135 Gamma (␥) Cygni, 74 stars in:Zubenelgenubi (␣ Librae), mythology of, 134 Delphinus (the Dolphin), 76–78 57; Zubeneschamali stars in:Gomeisa (␤ Canis as Job’s Cofﬁn, 77–78 (␤ Librae), 57 Minoris), 134; Procyon (␣ mythology of, 76–77 Lyra (the Harp), 68–71 Canis Minoris), 134; S (15) stars in:Rotanev (␤ Delphini), 78; as dog, 68 Monocerotis, 135 Sualocin (␣ Delphini), 78 mythology of, 69–71 Capricornus (the Sea Goat), 81–84 Draco (the Dragon), 71–73 stars in:Delta (␦) Lyrae, 71; as B2 Stealth Bomber, 82 head of, 72 Epsilon1,2 ( 1,2) Lyrae, 71;R mythology of, 81–82, 97 mythology of, 51, 72 Lyrae, 71; Vega (␣ Lyrae), 48, stars in:Algedi (␣ Capricorni), stars in:Eltanin (␥ Draconis), 72; 68, 71; Zeta (␨) Lyrae, 71 82; Dabih (␤ Capricorni), 82; Nodus (␦ Draconis), 72;Nu Ophiuchus (the Serpent Bearer), Rho (␳) Capricorni, 82; Zeta (␯) Draconis, 72; Rastaban (␤ 57–61 (␨) Capricorni, 83 Draconis), 72; Thuban (␣ as solar disk, 59 Cassiopeia (the Queen), 90–96 Draconis), 46, 72 mythology of, 57, 59 as Mary Magdalene, 115–118 Eridanus (the River), 119 stars in: Rho (␳) Ophiuchi, 55 asWorM,90, 91, 92, 115 mythology of, 74, 119 Orion (the Hunter), 118, 120 mythology of, 87, 90–91 stars in:Cursa (␤ Eridani), Belt of, 123 stars in:Kappa (␬) Cassiopeiae, 119–120; Epsilon (ε Eridani), mythology of, 53, 110, 122–123 94; Rho (␳) Cassiopeiae, 94; 106, 119, 120; Epsilon, planets stars in:HR 1988; planets Shedir (␣ Cassiopeiae), 91, 92; orbiting, 120; Zaurak (␥ orbiting, 126; Betelgeuse (␣ Tycho’s (supernova 1572), 94 Eridani), 119 Orionis), 123; Lambda (␭ Cepheus (the King), 87–89 Gemini (the Twins), 135–137 Orionis), 125; Rigel (␤ mythology of, 87, 90 mythology of, 135 Orionis), 123 stars in:Alpha (␣) Cephei, 88; stars in:Castor (␣) Geminorum, Sword of, 125 Delta (␦) Cephei, 80, 88–89; 135; Pollux (␤) Geminorum, Pegasus (the Winged Horse), Errai (␥ Cephei), 87; Errai, 135; Zeta (␨) Geminorum, 137 96–97, 109 planet orbiting, 87–88;Mu(␮) Hercules (the Strongman), 48–51, as Grand Celestial Station, 97 Cephei, 88; Zeta (␨) Cephei, 88 53 Great Square of, 96, 99 Cetus (the Whale), 9, 104–108, Keystone of, 48 mythology of, 91, 92 109, 119 mythology of, 50–51 stars in:51 Pegasi, planet mythology of, 87, 90, 104–105 stars in:14 Herculis, planet orbiting, 97; Enif (ε Pegasi), stars in:94 Ceti, planet orbiting, orbiting, 52; Alpha (␣) 97; Markab (␣ Pegasi), 97; 107; Deneb Kaitos (␤ Ceti), Herculis, 51; g Herculis, 52; Scheat (␤ Pegasi), 97 105; Menkar (␣ Ceti), 105; Mu (␮) Herculis, 52; Rho (␳) Perseus (the Hero), 115–118 Mira (o Ceti), 108;Tau(␶) Herculis, 52 as St Paul, 118 Ceti, 106 Hydra (the Water Serpent), 24–26, mythology of, 90, 91 Coma Berenices (Berenice’s Hair), 34 Segment of, 115 28–32 head of, 26 stars in:Algol (␤ Persei), 116; as Arachne’s Web, 29 mythology of, 25–26, 50 Delta (␦) Persei, 116; Mirfak (␣ as ﬂying witch, 32 stars in:Alphard (␣) Hydrae, Persei), 115; Sigma (␴) Persei, as Pyramid of Giza, 32 24–25; Epsilon (ε ) Hydrae, 26; 116 mythology of, 29 R Hydrae, 39; Sigma (␴) Pisces (the Fish), 97–99, 119 stars in:17 Comae Berenices, 30; Hydrae, 26; Zeta (␨) Hydrae, as symbol of Christ, 99 32 and 33 Comae Berenices, 31; 26 circlet of, 97 Diadem (␣ Comae Berenices), Leo (the Lion), 18–24, 28, 32, 39, Little Ladle (asterism), 99 31; Gamma (␥ Comae 48 mythology of, 97–99 Berenices), 30 as papillon, 19 Pisces Austrinus (the Southern Fish), Corona Borealis (the Northern as Sphinx, 19, 32 84 Crown), 43–44 mythology of, 19–20, 99 stars in: Fomalhaut (␣ Piscis mythology of, 43 Sickle of, 18, 22 Austrini), 84–85 stars in:Alphecca or Gemma (␣ stars in:35 Leonis, 22; 39 Leonis, Puppis (the Stern), 131 Coronae Borealis), 43;Nu(␯ 22; 40 Leonis, 21; Adhafera (␨ Sagitta (the Arrow), 78–80 Coronae Borealis), 43;R Leonis), 22; Algieba (␥ mythology of, 78 Coronae Borealis, 43, 44;T Leonis), 21; Chertan (␪ stars in:Alpha (␣) Sagittae, 79; Coronae Borealis, 43–44 Leonis), 22; Denebola (␤ Gamma (␥) Sagittae, 80

146 Index

constellations (by name) (cont.) Virgo (the Virgin), 34–39 M31 (Andromeda Galaxy), Sagittarius (the Archer), 62–66 as Ishtar, 37 99–102, 106 Little Milk Dipper in, 63 mythology of, 56 M32, in Andromeda, 101 mythology of, 62–63 stars in:70 Virginis, 39;70 M33 (Triangulum Galaxy), 103 stars in:Epsilon (ε ) Sagittarii, 63; Virginus, planet orbiting, 39; M51 (Whirlpool Galaxy), in Eta (␩) Sagittarii, 63; Gamma Delta (␦) Virginis, 39;R Canes Venatici, 34 (␥) Sagittarii, 62; Lambda (␭) Virginis, 39; Spica (␣ Virginis), M64 (Black Eye Galaxy), in Coma Sagittarii, 62;Mu(␮) Sagittarii, 34, 37, 39, 40, 48; Berenices, 30 63;Tau(␶) Sagittarii, 63; Vindemiatrix (ε Virginis), 39 M65, in Leo, 23 Teapot of, 62, 81 Vulpecula (the Fox), 78–80 M66, in Leo, 23 Scorpius (the Scorpion), 53–57, 61 stars in: U Vulpeculae, 80 M77, in Cetus, 11 mythology of, 53, 54, 63, 123 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 20 M81, in Ursa Major, 15 stars in:22 Scorpii, 55; Antares (␣ Cor Caroli (␣ Canum Venaticorum), 32 M82, in Ursa Major, 16 Scorpii), 48, 53, 86; as Rival of Crab Nebula (see M1) M101, in Ursa Major, 16 Mars, 54; Delta (␦) Scorpii, 55; Cupid, 97 M104 (Sombrero), in Virgo, 39 Lambda (␭) Scorpii, 56; Sigma Curiosities of the Sky, 74 M110, in Andromeda, 101 (␴) Scorpii, 54;Tau(␶) Cursa (␤ Eridani), 119–120 Milky Way, 12–14, 30, 39, 40, Scorpii, 54; Upsilon (␷ ) Cycles of Celestial Objects, 27 101 Scorpii, 56; Zeta1,2 (␨ 1,2) Cycnus, 74 NGC 253, in Sculptor, 105 Scorpii, 55 Cygnus Star Cloud, 74 NGC 5195, in Canes Venatici, 34 tail as Maui’s Fishhook, 54, 113 NGC 3628, in Leo, 23 Sculptor, 105 Dabih (␤ Capricorni), 82 Seyfert, 107–108 Scutum (the Shield), 66–68 Daisy (papillon), 42 Virgo Supercluster, 17, 23, 39 as the Forgotten Crown, 66 Dejanira, 50 Galileo, 27 mythology of, 66 Delporte, Eugene, 34 Ganymede (god), 84 Star Cloud, 66 Deneb (␣ Cygni), 68, 73, 76 Garden of Eden, 58 stars in:Alpha (␣) Scuti, 68; Beta Deneb Kaitos (␤ Ceti), 82 Garden of Hesperides, 72 (␤) Scuti, 68; Delta (␦) Scuti, Denebola (␤ Leonis), 19, 22, 40 Gilgamesh, 122 67; R Scuti, 66, 141 Diadem (␣ Comae Berenices), 31 Gomeisa (␤ Canis Minoris), 134 Serpens (the Serpent), 57–61 Diana (Artemis), 1, 123, 134 Great Rift, 73, 74 mythology of, 57, 59 Double Cluster, in Perseus, 117–118 Green, Dan, 141 stars in: Unukalhai (␣ Serpentis), Double Cross (asterism), 23 60 Drahorspenteal, 104 Halley, Edmond, 48 Taurus (the Bull), 109–115, 118 Drake, Frank, 106, 107 Hardy, Thomas, 74 and spring equinox, 110 Dubhe (␣ Ursae Majoris), 3, 8, 21, 43, Harrington, Phil, 23 as bad omen for sailors, 110 91, 92 Harrison, Tommy, 82 in Egyptian hieroglyphs, 110 and the life of a star, 9–12 Harvard College Observatory, 40, 140 mythology of, 110 Harwood, Margaret, 139, 140, 141 stars in:Aldebaran (␣ Tauri), 110; Eltanin (␥ Draconis), 72 Hathor (Egyptian deity), 113 Taurus Poniatovii (the Polish Enceladus, 36 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 113 Bull), 61 Engagement Ring (asterism), 47, Helios, 74 Triangulum(theTriangle), 103–104 78 Helen of Troy, 135 mythology of, 103 Enif (ε Pegasi), 97 Hera (see Juno) Ursa Major (the Great Bear), 1, 40, equinox, 37 Heracles (see Hercules) 81, 109 autumnal (fall), 37, 57 Hercules (Heracles) (the Strongman), Moving Group, 6, 9–11, 14, 119 vernal (spring), 99, 110 19, 25, 26, 57, 72, 122 mythology of, 1–2, 40 Eratosthenes, 119, 120 Heroes, The, 91, 92 stars in:Alcor (80 Ursae Majoris), Erichthonius, 126 Herschel, John, 27 6–7; Alkaid (␩ Ursae Majoris), Europa, 110 Herschel, William, 11 6, 8; Dubhe (␣ Ursae Majoris), Eurydice, 69 Herschel’s Garnet Star (Mu Cephei), 88 3, 8, 21, 43, 91, 92; Dubhe Eve, 57 Hertzsprung, Ejnar, 9 and the life of a star, 9–12; Hertzsprung–Russell (H–R) Diagram, 9 Merak (␤ Ursae Majoris), 3, falling tears of Christ (asterism), 27 Hevelius, Johannes, 32, 66 12; Mizar (␨ Ursae Majoris), False Comet, 55 Hill, Royal, 58 6–7, 16; R Ursae Majoris, 11 Ferris, Timothy, 108 Hind’s Crimson Star (see R Leporis) Ursa Minor (the Little Bear), 44–47 Flamsteed, John, 4 Hipparcos satellite, 31 Little Dipper in, 1, 44, 72 Hippocrates, 57 mythology of, 1–2, 40 Gaius Julius Hyginus, 26 Hippocratic Oath, 57 stars in:3 Ursae Minoris, 47;5 Galaxies, 108 Hippodamia, 62 Ursae Minoris, 47; 8 Ursae galaxies, 14 Historia Coelestis Britannica, 5 Minoris, 47;Kochab(␤ Ursae Coma Berenices Cluster of Galaxies, Homer, 104 Minoris), 44, 46; Pherkad (␥ 30 Horkheimer, Jack, 91, 92 Ursae Minoris), 47; Polaris Leo Spur, 23 Hosty, John, 140 (North Star) (␣ Ursae Majoris), Leo Triplet, 23 House of the Seven Gables, The, 113 2, 44, 46–47 Local Group, 17, 30, 39 Hyades, in Taurus, 109, 115

Index 147

Hyads, 110 M24 (Small Sagittarius Star Cloud), 63 Methana volcano, 25–26 Hyas, 110 M25, in Sagittarius, 63 Micromegas, 130 Hyginus, Gaius Julius, 119, 120 M27 (Dumbbell), in Vulpecula, 80 Milky Way, the, 13, 18, 48, 62, 73, 74, Hymn to the North Star, 47 M28, in Sagittarius, 63 76, 90, 101, 117, 129 Hynes, Steven J., 83 M29, in Cygnus, 74 Milton, 57 M30, in Capricornus, 83 Minerva, 29 IC 4665, in Ophiuchus, 60 M31, in Andromeda, 99–102, 106 Minos, 43 IC 4756, in Serpens Caput, 60 M32, in Andromeda, 101 Minotaur, 43 Index Catalogue, 60 M33, in Triangulum, 103 Mirach (␤ Andromedae), 101 Invisible Man, The, 102 M34, in Perseus, 116 Mizar (␨ Ursae Majoris), 6–7, 16 Iolaus, 25 M35, in Gemini, 137 Monroe, Marilyn, 57–61 Ishtar, 37 M36, in Auriga, 129 Moore, Daphne, 27 Isis, 70, 90, 91, 130 M37, in Auriga, 129 Mount Auburn Cemetery, 47 Izar (ε Bootis), 43 M38, in Auriga, 129 Mount Etna volcano, 36, 50, 82, 103 M41, in Canis Majoris, 131 Mummy, The, 58 Jason (and the Argonauts), 131 M42 (Orion Nebula), 125 Muphrid (␩ Bootis), 43 Julius Caesar, 47 M43, in Orion, 125 My Little Grass Shack (song), 82 Juno (Hera), 1–2, 19, 26, 72 M44 (Beehive), in Cancer, 26, 27–28, Jupiter (Zeus), 1, 20, 36, 40, 56, 57, 30 National Academy of Sciences, 106 70, 73, 74, 79, 84, 103, 109, M45 (Pleiades), in Taurus, 109, nebula, 9 110, 126, 135 112–115 bright, 13 M46, in Canis Major, 132–133 M8 (Lagoon), in Sagittarius, Kaler, Jim, ix, 127 M47, in Canis Major, 132–133 63–65 Kama-Puaa, 82 M51 (Whirlpool),in Canes Venatici, 34 M16, in Serpens Cauda, 65, Karloff, Boris, 58 M52, in Cassiopeia, 94 66 Kepler, Johannes, 112 M53, in Coma Berenices, 31 M17 (Swan or Omega), in Keystone of Hercules, 48 M57 (Ring), in Lyra, 71 Sagittarius, 65 Khajuraho (temple), 46 M64 (Black Eye), in Coma Berenices, M20 (Triﬁd), in Sagittarius, 65 Kingsley, Charles, 91, 92 30 M42 (Orion Nebula), 125 Kobeua Indians, 42 M65, in Leo, 23 M43, in Orion, 125 Kochab (␤ Ursae Minoris), 44, 46 M66, in Leo, 23 NGC 281 (Pacman), in M67, in Cancer, 28 Cassiopeia, 91, 92 Ladon, 72 M71, in Sagitta, 80 NGC 1977, in Orion, 125 Large Sagittarius Star Cloud, 63, 74 M77, in Cetus, 107 NGC 2024, in Orion, 123 La Superba (Y Canum Venaticorum), M79, in Lepus, 122 North America, 74 33 M81, in Ursa Major, 15 dark Leavitt, Henrietta, 88 M82, in Ursa Major, 16 Great Rift, 73, 74 Leda, 135 M92, in Hercules, 51 Northern Coalsack, 73, 74 Liebknecht, J. G., 7 M97 (Owl), in Ursa Major, 12 planetary, 11 light years, 6 M101, in Ursa Major, 16 M27 (Dumbbell), in Vulpecula, Little Dipper, 1, 44, 72 M103, in Cassiopeia, 90, 91, 92 80 Longfellow,HenryWadsworth, 18, 123 M104 (Sombrero), in Virgo, 39 M57 (Ring), 71 Lucky Lady (B-50 Superfortress), 39 M110, in Andromeda, 101 M97 (Owl), in Ursa Major, 12 Ludwig, Landgrave, 7 Maestlin, 112 NGC 1535 (Cleopatra’s Eye), in Makalii (Pleiades), 113 Eridanus, 120 M1 (Crab Nebula), in Taurus, Manilius, 56 NGC 7009 (Saturn), in Aquarius, 111–112, 123 Maria Mitchell Observatory, 139 85 M2, in Aquarius, 86 Markab (␣ Pegasi), 97 supernovae remnants M3, in Canes Venatici, 34 Maui (demigod), 113 Cassiopeia A, 96–97 M4, in Scorpius, 54 Maui’s Fishhook, 54, 113 M1 (Crab), in Taurus, 111–112, M5, in Serpens, 60 Mauna Kea (Hawaii), 115 123 M6, in Scorpius, 56 McNaught, Rob, 141 Veil, in Cygnus, 75 M7, in Scorpius, 56, 62 Medusa, 90, 91, 92, 116 Nemean Lion, 19, 50 M8 (Lagoon), in Sagittarius, 63–65 Melotte 111 (Coma Berenices Cluster), Nemesis, 73 M10, in Ophiuchus, 59 30, 31–32, 34 Nerieds, 90 M11, in Scutum, 67, 141 Menkar (␣ Ceti), 105 New General Catalogue (NGC), 55 M12, in Ophiuchus, 59 Menlalinan (␤ Aurigae), 127 NGC 253, in Sculptor, 105 M13 (Great Cluster in Hercules), Merak (␤ Ursae Majoris), 3, 12 NGC 281 (Pacman Nebula), in 48–50, 51 Mercury (god), 57, 69 Cassiopeia, 91, 92 M15, in Pegasus, 97 meridian, 28 NGC 288, in Sculptor, 105 M16, in Serpens Cauda, 65 Merope, 123 NGC 457 (ET), in Cassiopeia, 92 M17 (Swan or Omega), in Sagittarius, Messier, Charles, 12, 48, 112 NGC 663, in Cassiopeia, 91, 92 65 meteor showers NGC 752, in Andromeda, 102 M20 (Triﬁd), in Sagittarius, 65 Leonids, 21–22 NGC 884, in Perseus, 118 M21, in Sagittarius, 65 Orionids, 126 NGC 889, in Perseus, 118 M22, in Sagittarius, 63 Perseids, 117 NGC 1528, in Perseus, 116

148 Index

NGC 1535 (Cleopatra’s Eye), in Plato, 25 south galactic pole, 106 Eridanus, 120 Pleiades (see M45) Sphinx, 19, 32 NGC 1647, in Taurus, 110–111 Pleione, 110 Spica (␣ Virginis), 34, 37, 39, 40, NGC 1977, in Orion, 125 Pliny the Elder, 19, 27, 104 48 NGC 2024, in Orion, 123 Pluto (god), 36, 57, 69 Spoon (asterism), 63 NGC 2158, in Gemini, 137 Polaris (North Star), 2, 44, 72, Spring Triangle, 40 NGC 2169, in Orion, 126 87 star clusters NGC 2244, in Monoceros, 135 how to ﬁnd, 2 globular, 14 NGC 2264, in Monoceros, 135 pole stars, 46, 72 M2, in Aquarius, 86 NGC 2281, in Auriga, 129 Praesepe, 27 M3, in Canes Venatici, 34 NGC 2353, in Monoceros, 133 Procyon (␣ Canis Minoris), 134 M4, in Scorpius, 54 NGC 2362 (Tau Canis Majoris Cluster), Project Ozma, 106, 119, 120 M5, in Serpens, 60 131 Prometheus, 78 M10, in Ophiuchus, 59 NGC 2423, in Canis Major, 132 Proserpine, 36, 69 M12, in Ophiuchus, 59 NGC 3628, in Leo, 23 Ptolemy, 27 M13 (Great Cluster in Hercules), NGC 5195, in Canes Venatici, 34 Ptolemy III of Egypt, 29 48–50, 51 NGC 6231, in Scorpius, 55 Pyramid of Giza (Khufu, Cheops), 32, M15, in Pegasus, 97 NGC 6633, in Ophiuchus, 60 46, 113 M22, in Sagittarius, 63 NGC 7009 (Saturn Nebula), in M25, in Sagittarius, 63 Aquarius, 85 Rail, the (asterism), 31 M28, in Sagittarius, 63 NGC 7789, in Cassiopeia, 94 Rastaban (␤ Draconis), 72 M30, in Capricornus, 83 Nicolaus Venator (Niccolo Cacciatore), Re (Egyptian deity), 82 M53, in Coma Berenices, 31 78 Regulus (␣ Leonis), 18, 20–21 M71, in Sagitta, 80 Noble, Johnny, 82 Rey, H. A., 42, 84, 108 M79, in Lepus, 122 Nodus (␦ Draconis), 72 Ridpath, Ian, 56, 122, 126 M92, in Hercules, 51 north celestial pole, 2–3, 46, 72, 87 Rotanev (␤ Delphini), 78 NGC 288, in Sculptor, 105 north galactic pole, 30 Rudenko, Michael, 140 open, 6, 14 North Star (see Polaris) Russell, Henry Norris, 9 Alpha Persei Moving Cluster, Northern Coalsack, 73, 74 115–116 Nut (Egyptian deity), 90 Sacred Scroll of Thoth, 58 Collinder 367, 65, 69, 125 Sadalmelik (␣ Aquarii), 85 Double Cluster, in Perseus, Occultation of Orion, The (poem), Sadalsuud (␤ Aquarii), 85 117–118 123 Sail, the (asterism), 39 Hyades, in Taurus, 109, 115 Oenopion, King, 123 Samhain (Halloween), 113 IC 4665, in Ophiuchus, 60 O’Meara 1 (asterism), 99 Santorini volcano, 25, 113 IC 4756, in Serpens Caput, 60 O’Meara 2 (asterism), 83 Saturn (god), 103 M6, in Scorpius, 56 O’Meara, Donna, 22, 39, 42, 48, 77 Scheat (␤ Pegasi), 97 M7, in Scorpius, 56, 62 O’Meara, Stephen James Scorpion King, 54 M11 (Wild Duck), in Scutum, 67, discovery of Nova Scuti, 1989, 141 Scorpius OB1 Association, 55 141 in Connecticut with Donna, 48 Sculptor Group of galaxies, 106 M21, in Sagittarius, 65 in White Mountains, 48, 118 Scutum Star Cloud, 66 M29, in Cygnus, 74 Ompale, Queen, 50 search for extraterrestrial intelligence M34, in Perseus, 116 Orpheus, 69 (SETI), 48–50, 106 M35, in Gemini, 137 Osiris (Egyptian deity), 70, 82, Secchi, Angelo, 68 M36, in Auriga, 129 120–122 Seginus (␥ Bootis), 43 M37, in Auriga, 129 Owl Nebula, 12 Sellman, R. R., 90, 91, 92 M38, in Auriga, 129 Serviss, Garret, 30, 54, 74, M41, in Canis Majoris, 131 Palermo Catalogue, 78 82 M43, in Orion, 125 Pallid Wreath, The (poem), 47 Seth (Egyptian deity), 70, 82 M44 (Beehive), in Cancer, 26, Pan (fertility deity), 81, 83, Seven Sisters (see Pleiades) 27–28, 30 84 Seven Year Itch, The, 61 M45 (Pleiades), in Taurus, 109, Pannekoek, Anton, 139 Shakespeare, William, 47, 70 112–115 Paradise Lost (poem), 57 Shedir (␣ Cassiopeiae), 91, M46, in Canis Major, 132–133 Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecelia, 140 92 M47, in Canis Major, 132–133 Pele (Hawaiian goddess), 82 Sickle of Leo, 18, 24 M52, in Cassiopeia, 94 Pele (Pomeranian), 22 Sidus Hyantis, 110 M67, in Cancer, 28 peripheral vision (see averted vision) Sidus Ludoviciana, 7 M103, in Cassiopeia, 91, 92 Perseus (the Hero), 50, 104 Skal, David, J., 102 Melotte 111 (Coma Berenices Phaenomena, 113 Small Sagittarius Star Cloud Cluster), 30, 31–32, 34 Phaeton, 74, 119 (see M24) NGC 457 (ET), in Cassiopeia, Pherkad (␥ Ursae Minoris), 47 Smyth, William Henry, 27 92 Piazzi, Guiseppe, 47, 78 Sobiesci, King John III, 66 NGC 663, in Cassiopeia, 91, Pirithous, 62 solar apex (apex of the Sun’s way), 92 planets, 71 NGC 752, in Andromeda, 102 47 Ursae Majoris, 17;pathof, solstice NGC 884, in Perseus, 118 18–19; extrasolar, 17 winter, 58 NGC 889, in Perseus, 118

Index 149

NGC 1528, in Perseus, 116 Rho (␳) Ophiuchi, 55; Sirius W Bootis, 43 NGC 1647 (Pirate Moon), in (␣ Canis Majoris), 130;Tau(␶) Zeta (␨) Geminorum, 137 Taurus, 110–111 Leonis, 23; Zeta (␨) Canis Stars, The, 42, 84, 108 NGC 1977, in Orion, 125 Majoris, 130; Zeta (␨) Star Tales, 56, 122 NGC 2158, in Gemini, 137 Geminorum, 137; Zeta (␨) Sualocin (␣ Delphini), 78 NGC 2169, in Orion, 126 Lyrae, 71; Zeta1,2 (␨ 1,2) Scorpii, Subaru (Pleiades), 115 NGC 2244, in Monoceros, 135 55 Summer Suburbs, 76 NGC 2264 (Christmas Tree), in evolution of, 9–12 Summer Triangle, 68, 76, 89 Monoceros, 135 Flamsteed numbers, 4 Swift, Jonathan, 130 NGC 2281, 129 magnitude, 5 NGC 2353, in Monoceros, 133 main sequence, 9 Taurus Poniatovii, 61 NGC 2362 (Tau Canis Majoris), Mira, 9 Teapot of Sagittarius, 62, 81 131 nomenclature, 4–5 Temple of Dedera, 20 NGC 2423, in Canis Major, novae Theseus, 43 132 Cygni, 1975, 139 Thoth, 59 NGC 6231, in Scorpius, 55 Sagitta, 1975, 140 Through the Looking Glass, 61 NGC 6633, in Ophiuchus, Scuti, 1975, 139 Thuban (␣ Draconis), 46, 72 60 Scuti, 1989, 141 Thule, L. P., 7 NGC 7789, in Cassiopeia, 94 Vulpecula, 1976, 139 Trapezium, in Orion, 125 Pleiades, in Taurus, 109 red dwarf, 9 Treatise on Astronomy (1833), 27 Trapezium, in Orion, 125 red giant, 9 Trumpler 24, in Scorpius, 55 Trumpler 24, in Scorpius, 55 Red Giant Branch (Asymptotic), 11 Trumpler 37, in Cepheus, 88 Trumpler 37, in Cepheus, 88 temperature, 8 TwoonaTower, 74 Ursa Major Moving Group, 6, variable, 11 Tycho’s Star, 94, 139 9–11, 14, 30, 32, 119 “dust-puff” theory, 44 Typhon, 81, 97 Star Clusters, 83 long-period (Mira-type), 9, 11 Stargazing with Jack Horkheimer, 91, variable (by name) University of Illinois, 40 92 Algol (␤ Persei), 116 Upgren 1 (asterism), 34 stars Alpha (␣) Herculis, 51 Uranus, 11 Asymptotic Branch (see Red Giant Chi (␹ ) Cygni, 75 Branch) Delta (␦) Cephei, 80, 88–89 Vega (␣ Lyrae), 48 barium, 25 Delta (␦) Scuti, 67 Venus (goddess), 73, 97 binary, 6 Epsilon (ε ) Aurigae, 127 Veronica’s Veil (M44), 27, 28 blaze-type, 43–44 g Herculis, 52 Vindemiatrix (ε Virginis), 39 brightness of, 5 Mira (o Ceti), 108 Voltaire, 130 carbon, 33 Mirfak (␣ Persei), 115 Vulcan, 123 color, 8–9 R Andromedae, 102 distance of, 6 R Bootis, 43 Water Jar, in Aquarius, 85 double & multiple, 6 R Coronae Borealis, 43, 44 Webb’s Cross (asterism), 65 in the Hyades, 110: (by name); R Hydrae, 39 Wells, H. G., 102 17 Comae Berenices, 30;22 R Leonis, 23 White Mountains, 48 Scorpii, 55; Albireo (␤ Cygni), R Leporis (Hind’s Crimson Star), Whitman, Walt, 47 9, 73, 75–76; Algieba (␥ 122 Wild, Paul, 139, 141 Leonis), 21; Dabih (␤ R Lyrae, 71 Winter Hexagon, 137 Capricorni), 82; Delta (␦) R Scuti, 66, 140, 141 Wizard of Oz, 106 Cephei, 89; Delta (␦) Lyrae, 71; R Ursae Majoris, 11 World Fair (1933, Chicago), 40 Epsilon (ε ) Hydrae, 26; R Virginis, 39 Epsilon1,2 ( ε1,2 Lyrae), 71; S Andromedae (extragalactic Yerkes Observatory, 40 Mizar (␨ Ursae Majoris), 6–7, supernova), 101 16;Nu(␯) Andromedae, 102; S (15)Monocerotis, 135 Zaurak (␥ Eridani), 119 Nu (␯) Draconis, 72; Procyon T Coronae Borealis (Blaze Star), zenith, 2, 28 (␣ Canis Minoris), 134; 43–44 zodiac, 18–19 Regulus (␣ Leonis), 18, 20–21; U Vulpeculae, 80 Zubenelgenubi (␣ Librae), 57 Rho (␳) Capricorni, 82 Y Canum Venaticorum, 33 Zubeneschamali (␤ Librae), 57