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Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015, « Logic and Philosophy of Science in Nancy (II) » [En Ligne], Mis En Ligne Le 01 Mars 2015, Consulté Le 06 Novembre 2020 Philosophia Scientiæ Travaux d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences 19-1 | 2015 Logic and Philosophy of Science in Nancy (II) Selected Contributed Papers from the 14th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science Pierre Édouard Bour, Gerhard Heinzmann, Wilfrid Hodges et Peter Schroeder-Heister (dir.) Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/philosophiascientiae/1027 DOI : 10.4000/philosophiascientiae.1027 ISSN : 1775-4283 Éditeur Éditions Kimé Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 mars 2015 ISBN : 978-2-84174-707-8 ISSN : 1281-2463 Référence électronique Pierre Édouard Bour, Gerhard Heinzmann, Wilfrid Hodges et Peter Schroeder-Heister (dir.), Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015, « Logic and Philosophy of Science in Nancy (II) » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 01 mars 2015, consulté le 06 novembre 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/philosophiascientiae/ 1027 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/philosophiascientiae.1027 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 6 novembre 2020. Tous droits réservés 1 This issue collects a selection of contributed papers presented at the 14th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science in Nancy, July 2011. These papers were originally presented within two of the main sections of the Congress. They deal with general philosophy of science (including ethical and historical aspects of philosophy of science), and philosophy of biology, physics, chemistry and economics. A first volume of contributed papers, dedicated to logic, philosophy of mathematics and cognitive science, and philosophy of technology, appeared in the last issue of Philosophia Scientiæ (18-3), 2014. Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 2 SOMMAIRE Logic and Philosophy of Science in Nancy (II) Preface Pierre Edouard Bour, Gerhard Heinzmann, Wilfrid Hodges et Peter Schroeder-Heister A New Role for Data in the Philosophy of Science Molly Kao From Malfunction to Mechanism Bertold Schweitzer Reason, Emotion, and the Context Distinction Jeff Kochan The Role of Values in Methodological Controversies: The Case of Risk Assessment José Luis Luján et Oliver Todt Science-based Metaphysics: On Some Recent Anti-metaphysical Claims Matteo Morganti Theory Success: Some Evaluative Clues María Caamaño-Alegre Repositioning Realism Emma Ruttkamp-Bloem Philosophy of Chemistry against Standard Scientific Realism and Anti-Realism Rein Vihalemm On the Ontology of Linguistic Frameworks Toward a Comprehensive Version of Empiricism Majid Davoody Beni Quine’s Two Dogmas as a Criticism of Logical Empiricism Artur Koterski On A.A. Markov’s Attitude towards Brouwer’s Intuitionism Ioannis M. Vandoulakis The Fitness Landscape Metaphor: Dead but Not Gone Stefan Petkov Cartesian Forces in a Soulless Physics Zuraya Monroy-Nasr Exchanging Quantum Particles Tomasz Bigaj Truth as Contextual Correspondence in Quantum Mechanics Vassilios Karakostas Decisions without Sharp Probabilities Paul Weirich Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 3 Varia Constantes logiques et décision Saloua Chatti Insaisissable Belle au bois dormant Laurent Delabre et Léo Gerville-Réache Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 4 Logic and Philosophy of Science in Nancy (II) Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 5 Preface Pierre Edouard Bour, Gerhard Heinzmann, Wilfrid Hodges and Peter Schroeder-Heister 1 The 14th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science was held in July, 19th – 26th, 2011 in Nancy, the historic capital of Lorraine and birthplace of Henri Poincaré. We were very honored that the President of the French Republic, Monsieur Nicolas Sarkozy, generously agreed his patronage. 2 The LMPS congresses represent the current state of the art and offer new perspectives in its fields. There were 900 registered participants from 56 different countries. They filled 115 sessions consisting of 391 individual talks (among them 6 plenary lectures and 49 invited lectures), 22 symposia (among them 4 special invited symposia), and 13 affiliated meetings and associated events such as 6 public talks—in all nearly 600 papers. These figures reflect the fact that LMPS is not only a place for scientific communication at the highest level, but also a forum for individual and collective research projects to reach a wide international audience. 3 Concerning the program, there were two innovations: 1. For the first time in the LMPS history, the Nancy congress had a special topic: Logic and Science Facing the New Technologies. It illuminated issues of major significance today: their integration in society. These questions were of great importance not only to LMPS participants, but to our professional and sponsoring partners likewise. Correspondingly, a section of the congress was entirely devoted to “Methodological and Philosophical Issues in Technology”. With 16 individual lectures (three invited) and two symposia this special topic made a grand entrance. 2. We put much emphasis on symposia in the “non-invited” part of the program. In addition to four symposia with invited speakers which we organized ourselves, and 13 affiliated symposia related to various topics of the congress, for which their respective organizers were responsible, we issued a call for contributed symposia in addition to the call for contributed papers, giving researchers the chance to apply as a group of up to 6 people for a short symposium on a selected topic. This call resulted in 18 contributed symposia, some of which were of exceptionally high quality. 4 This volume presents a selection of contributed papers. All sections of the congress ranging under the headings General Philosophy of Science are represented in this volume, Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 6 as well as four sections of Methodological and Philosophical Issues of Particular Sciences (Biology, Physics, Chemistry and Economics). A first volume of contributed papers, covering topics in Logic, Philosophy of Mathematics and Cognitive Science, and Philosophy of Technology, appeared in the last issue of Philosophia Scientiæ (18-3), 2014. A selection of invited talks and plenary lectures are published under the title Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Congress (Nancy) by College Publications, London, 2014. 5 We are indebted to many persons and institutions for their integrated efforts to realize this meeting. First and foremost we would like to thank the members of our respective committees, the Local Organizing Committee, and the General Program Committee including its Senior Advisors and Advisors. They all have worked very hard, setting up an outstanding and attractive program and staging it in a comfortable surrounding that would make the congress a scientifically and socially enjoyable event. It has been a great pleasure to work with our colleagues and staff in these committees. 6 We also thank the Executive Committee of the DLMPS for its constant support and encouragement. Claude Debru (Académie des Sciences, Paris) helped us, amongst many other things, with his knowledge of French institutions, for which we are very grateful. Special thanks are also due to the University Nancy 2 and its Presidents, François Le Poultier and Martial Delignon, as well as to the Deans of Nancy’s Faculty of Law, Olivier Cachard and Éric Germain, who willingly let us occupy their splendid lecture halls and facilities. Without the generous financial support of the University of Lorraine, of local, national and international organizations, this meeting would not have been possible. To all these partners we express our warm gratitude. 7 We are also very grateful to many colleagues who helped us in selecting the papers for both CLMPS volumes published as tome 18-31 and 19-1 of Philosophia Scientiæ, and contributed to their improvement through their remarks and suggestions. 8 Last but not least we would like to thank Sandrine Avril, who worked on the LATEX layout of this volume, and took care with her usual competence of a large part of the editorial process. NOTES 1. A problem occurred in the table of contents of volume 18(3): Prof. Hartley Slater’s contribution, “Quine’s Other Way Out”, does not appear in the paper version. We are very sorry for this omission and wish to apologize to Prof. Slater. This mistake has been corrected in the online version of the journal. Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 7 AUTHORS PIERRE EDOUARD BOUR Université de Lorraine/CNRS, Nancy (France) GERHARD HEINZMANN Université de Lorraine/CNRS, Nancy (France) WILFRID HODGES British Academy (United Kingdom) PETER SCHROEDER-HEISTER Universität Tübingen (Germany) Philosophia Scientiæ, 19-1 | 2015 8 A New Role for Data in the Philosophy of Science Molly Kao 1 Introduction 1 The problem of theory-ladenness in the philosophy of science has many manifestations. For instance, in the post-logical positivist years, one prevalent strategy for discrediting the strict distinction between observational and theoretical terms was to point out that one’s observational experiences are affected by the theory one brings to bear on the experience (cf. [Hanson 1958], [Kuhn 1970], [Feyerabend 1981]). The problem I will be addressing is not that the phenomenology of specific perceptual experiences can differ depending on the theoretical background an observer possesses. Instead, I will focus on the following problem, which is closer to one raised by Pierre Duhem: the construction of theories requires reliable data, but acquiring reliable data often requires some kind of theory to construct an accurate
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