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Ekonomika Un Vadības Zinātne Economics and Management LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 754. SĒJUMS Ekonomika un vadības zinātne SCIENTIFIC PAPERS UNIVERSITY OF LatVIA VOLUME 754 Economics and Management SCIENTIFIC PAPERS UNIVERSITY OF LatVIA VOLUME 754 Economics and Management UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 754. SĒJUMS Ekonomika un vadības zinātne Latvijas Universitāte UDK 33+005(082) Ek 700 Galvenie redaktori Dr. math. prof. Ismena Revina, LU Ekonomikas doktorantūras padomes priekšsēdētāja Dr. habil. oec. prof. Edvīns Vanags, LU Vadības zinātnes doktorantūras padomes priekšsēdētājs Redakcijas kolēģija Dr. oec. prof. Elena Dubra – LU Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Dr. habil. oec. prof. Ludmila Bandeviča – LU Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Dr. habil. oec. prof. Baiba Rivža – Augstākās izglītības padome; LLU Dr. habil. oec. prof. Elmārs Zelgalvis – LU Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Dr. habil. oec. prof. Edvīns Vanags – LU Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Dr. oec. Inesis Pfeiferis – valsts a/s “Latvijas hipotēku un zemes banka” Dr. oec. prof. Inta Ciemiņa – LU Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Dr. oec. prof. Ērika Šumilo – LU Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Dr. oec. prof. Arilds Saeters (Arild Saether) – Agderes Universitāte (Norvēģija) Prof. Pēteris Blatners (Peter Blattner) – Štrālzundes Universitāte (Vācija) Dr. oec. Dirks Linovskis (Dirk Linowski) – Berlīnes Universitāte (Vācija) Dr. oec. prof. Žans Dāvids Avenels (Jean David Avenel) – Evrī Universitāte (Francija) Redkolēģijas sekretāre Māra Sīle – LU EVF doktorantūras programmu sekretāre Latviešu tekstu literārās redaktores Ruta Puriņa un Indra Orleja Angļu teksta literārā redaktore Māra Antenišķe Maketu veidojusi Andra Liepiņa Visi krājumā ievietotie raksti recenzēti. Pārpublicēšanas gadījumā nepieciešama Latvijas Universitātes atļauja. Citējot atsauce uz izdevumu obligāta. © Latvijas Universitāte, 2010 ISBN 978-9984-45-207-4 ISSN 1407-2157 Satura rādītājs / Contents Ivars Kassalis Uzņēmumu konkurētspējas paaugstināšanas iespējas Latvijas tautsaimniecībā The Potential of Increasing the Competitiveness of Companies in the Economy of Latvia ................................................................................................... 9 Hermanis Rullis Internetbankas mārketinga aktuālie pētījumu virzieni The Latest Research Directions in the Marketing of Internet Banking ........................... 23 Ivars Tillers Modeling of the Daily Currency in Circulation in Latvia Latvijas skaidrās naudas ikdienas datu modelēšana ....................................................... 36 Daiga Behmane Veselības aprūpes sistēmas reformas tālākā attīstība Latvijā The Development of the Health Care Reform in Latvia ................................................... 44 Zane Medne Ārvalstu tiešo investīciju apjoms ES8 valstīs un tā analīze Assessment of the Amount of Foreign Direct Investments in EU-8 Countries ................ 57 Jānis Lielkalns Veselības aprūpes reformas Latvijā – to pamatprincipi un finanses Health Care Reforms in Latvia – the Basic Principles and Financing ........................... 70 Olga Zadorožnaja Baltijas valstu konkurētspējas vērtējums globālās konkurētspējas indeksa kontekstā Estimation of the Competitiveness of the Baltic States in the Context of the Global Competitiveness Index ....................................................................................................... 88 Inese Brante Nabadzības novērtēšanas problēmas: nabadzības sliekšņa noteikšana Poverty Evaluation Problems: Poverty Threshold Determination .................................. 105 Astrīda Rijkure Latvijas autoceļu finansēšanas problēmas Problems of Financing the Highways of Latvia ................................................................ 115 Vija Mičūne Banku procentu likmju prēmija un to noteicošie faktori Latvijā Bank Interest Rate Spread and Its Determinants in Latvia ............................................. 130 Jānis Briedis Elektroniskās pārvaldes attīstības un izpratnes aspekti Some Aspects of the Understanding and Development of Electronic Government ......... 143 Dita Štefenhagena Valsts augstskolas statuss un tās darbības efektivitāte publiskās pārvaldes sistēmā Public Academic Institution’s Status and Effectiveness in Public Administration System ........................................................................................ 158 Kārlis Markus Biznesa inkubatori Latvijā – efektīvs uzņēmējdarbības atbalsta instruments Business Incubators in Latvia – an Effective Tool for Business Support ........................ 167 Iveta Magone Funkciju audita attīstības procesa Latvijā metodoloģiskais izvērtējums Methodological Evaluation of the Development Process of Functional Audit in Latvia ............................................................................................ 177 Justs Dimants Ūdeņraža tehnoloģiju izmantošanas iespējas tautsaimniecībā: labās pieredzes analīze The Possible Use of Hydrogen Technologies in Economy: Analysis of Successful Examples ....................................................................................... 192 Marija Simonova Tālākizglītības iespēja projektu vadīšanā Latvijā Further Education Opportunities in Project Management in Latvia .............................. 201 Ieva Brence Minimālā darba alga un tās paaugstināšanas iespējas Latvijā Minimum Wage and Possibilities to Increase It in Latvia ................................................ 208 Uldis Drišļuks Moderno vadības metožu lietošana Talsu pašvaldību darbā Application of Modern Management Methods in the Municipality of Talsi .................... 219 Ināra Kantāne Faktori, kas ietekmē mazo un vidējo uzņēmumu attīstību The Factors That Influence the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises ................................................................................................. 231 Līga Baltiņa Policentriska attīstība kā teritoriālās kohēzijas instruments Polycentric Development as a Tool for Territorial Cohesion .......................................... 242 Pēteris Lauriņš Datu centru risinājumu efektivitātes palielināšana kā IT ārpakalpojumu priekšrocība Increase of Efficiency of Data Center Solutions as an IT Outsourcing Advantage ........ 255 Pēteris Klišs Latvijas interešu pārstāvēšana ANO: pieredze un aktuālās problēmas Representing the Interests of Latvia in the UN: Experience and Topical Problems ....... 266 Filips Lipmans Inovāciju ietekme uz konkurētspēju farmācijas nozarē The Impact of Innovation on Competitiveness in Pharmaceutics .................................... 277 Mārtiņš Sīlis Zīmolvedība – iespēja pilsētu stratēģiskai vadībai recesijas periodā Branding – the Oportunity for Strategic Management of Cities in the Period of Recession ...................................................................................... 294 Māris Kučinskis Latvijas attīstības plānošanas sistēma: novadu pašvaldību aspekti The Planning System of Development of Latvia in the Aspect of Municipalities ............ 302 Valdis Antons Vides apziņas attīstība Latvijas kristīgajā kopienā The Development of Environmental Awareness in the Christian Community of Latvia ............................................................................... 319 Jānis Brizga Ilgtspējīga patēriņa un ražošanas pārvaldība un attīstība Latvijā: rīcībpolitikas instrumentu novērtējums The Management and Development of Sustainable Consumption and Production in Latvia: Assessment of Policy Instruments ................................................. 333 Ērika Lagzdiņa Vides izglītība Latvijā: pārvaldības instrumentu un mērķgrupu novērtējums Environmental Education in Latvia: Assessment of Management Instruments and Target Groups ................................................................. 349 Sintija Kuršinska Vides komunikācijas stāvoklis un attīstības tendences Latvijā: mērķgrupu viedokļu novērtējums The State and Development Trends of Environmental Communication in Latvia: Evaluation of Stakeholders’ Opinions .............................................................. 362 Latvijas UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI. 2010, 754. sēj. EKONOMIKA UN vadīBAS ZINĀTNE 9.–22. lpp. Uzņēmumu konkurētspējas paaugstināšanas iespējas Latvijas tautsaimniecībā The Potential of Increasing the Competitiveness of Companies in the Economy of Latvia Ivars Kassalis Latvijas Universitāte Ekonomikas un vadības fakultāte Starptautisko ekonomisko attiecību katedra Aspazijas bulv. 5, Rīga, LV-1050 E-pasts: [email protected] Rakstā pievērsta uzmanība klasteru pieejas izmantošanai, lai paaugstinātu uzņēmumu konkurētspēju un pārvarētu tirgus barjeru nozarēs ar augstu tirgus koncentrācijas līmeni. Daudzām Latvijas tautsaimniecības nozarēm ir raksturīga augsta tirgus koncentrācija un līdz ar to zema konkurence. Tirgus barjeras tautsaimniecības nozarēs ierobežo jaunu uzņēmumu ienākšanu un konkurences palielināšanos. Jauniem uzņēmumiem ir jābūt konkurētspējīgiem, lai sekmīgi pārvarētu tirgus barjeras. Klasteru pieejas izmantošana var palīdzēt uzņēmumiem palielināt savu konkurētspēju un pārvarēt tirgus barjeras. Atslēgvārdi: klasteris, konkurētspēja, konkurence, tirgus koncentrācija, tautsaimniecība, uzņēmums. Ievads Straujās izmaiņas pasaules ekonomikā 21. gadsimta sākumā ar tām sekojošo globālo ekonomisko recesiju stimulēja pārskatīt ne tikai tradicionāli izveidojušos uzskatus par reģionu un valstu ekonomisko attīstību, bet arī izvirzīja aktuālus uzdevumus iespējami veiksmīgākai un ātrākai izejai no krīzes un tās seku mazināšanai. Straujā ekonomiskā izaugsme, kurai sekoja vēl straujāks kritums, ir novedusi pie tā, ka daudzi
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