DOCSLIB.ORG

The Creators of Information in Eighteenth-Century Britain

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Creators of Information in Eighteenth-Century Britain The Creators of Information in Eighteenth-Century Britain by Melissa Patterson A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English University of Toronto © Copyright by Melissa Patterson 2015 The Creators of Information in Eighteenth-Century Britain Melissa Patterson Doctor of Philosophy Department of English University of Toronto 2015 Abstract In twenty-first-century accounts of how knowledge was transmitted at second hand in the early modern period and the eighteenth century, the idea of information has played a crucial role. “Information” refers to the content that was compiled and stored on paper and shared in reference books and periodical sheets. My thesis argues that eighteenth-century Britons understood printed information through the lens of cultural discourses that privileged engagements with books that we would now call “literary.” By re-thinking the transmission of information as a textual object in eighteenth-century Britain, I argue, we can better understand the complex ways in which information was credited, acquired, and shared. I show how the author-function played a role in the public sharing of information in Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language (1755). Johnson’s rhetoric of personal sacrifice in the “Preface” and Plan of an English Dictionary (1747), I argue, should be contrasted with the methods of Johnson’s rival, Nathan Bailey. Bailey’s Universal Etymological English Dictionary (1721-1802) offers an example of the failure of compiled information to gain cultural authority without authorial control. I argue that Jonathan Swift’s satires on textual criticism, cryptanalysis, and scientific languages can be seen as critiques of mechanical reading “devices” that extracted information from texts. A direct challenge to informational uses of language was offered at the end of the eighteenth century in the work of Johnson’s friend, Hester Lynch Piozzi. Piozzi’s English-language reference work, British Synonymy (1794), showed how direct engagement with the “redundant” material of language ii provided a knowledge of texts that was difficult to communicate but necessary to observe. I suggest that the mediation of public information in eighteenth-century Britain was balanced in important ways by literary discourses that argued for the importance of the specific ways in which knowledge was credited, acquired, and shared through language. iii Acknowledgments I thank Deidre Lynch, my supervisor, for her support, generosity, and enlivening conversation, for sharing her formidable insight and knowledge, and for opening new avenues to me. I thank my committee members Carol Percy and Heather Jackson for their incisive feedback and conversations that helped me to discern my project, their encouraging comments and keen recommendations, and the way they fostered my research with generosity and spirit. I am grateful to Heather Jackson for taking steps to ensure that I was supported during my precarious career as an international student and to Deidre Lynch for providing me with the means to attend conferences as far away as other countries. I am also grateful to Deidre Lynch and Carol Percy for seeking out support for me throughout my studies, bringing me to conferences and finding scholarships and other opportunities for me. My work has benefited from the Warren N. Cordell Research Fellowship and the Ruth E. and the Harry E. Carter Ontario Graduate Scholarship. I am lucky to have benefited from conversations with John Baird, Simon Dickie, Darryl Domingo, Alan Galey, Emma Gorst, Lindsey Eckert, Tony Fong, Alexandra Howard, Thomas Keymer, Marie Korey, Richard Landon, Randall McCleod, Erin Parker, Michael Raby, Jay Rajiva, Alpen Razy, Janet Sorensen, Morgan Vanek and many others I have not named. iv Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................v List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................ vii Introduction ......................................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Bailey's Dictonary: Reading Information....................................................... .............16 Bailey’s Dictionaries and Johnson’s Plan .....................................................................................20 The Dictionary as “Storehouse” of Words and Author’s Work ....................................................26 Johnson’s Use of Bailey’s Dictionary and the Bookseller’s Use of Both .....................................34 Readers of the Bailey Dictionary: Information and “the School of the People” ...........................41 Chapter 2: Johnson's Dictionary: Authoring Information ............................................................ 57 How to Read the First English Dictionary .....................................................................................66 How to Plan the First English Dictionary ......................................................................................77 How to Read Johnson’s Dictionary ...............................................................................................87 Chapter 3: Swift's Reading Devices: Imagining Information ......................................................101 Pope and Swift’s Ciphers .............................................................................................................106 The Ancient versus the Virtual Text ............................................................................................111 The Mathematical Computer .......................................................................................................118 Communication versus Rhetoric ..................................................................................................124 Reading with the Lagado Computer ............................................................................................132 Chapter 4: Piozzi's British Synonymy: Appreciating English ......................................................140 The Virtue of Periodical Essays ...................................................................................................145 The Error of Synonymy and the Use of Synonyms .....................................................................151 Vacuous Writing ..........................................................................................................................156 British Synonymy and Obscurity ..................................................................................................160 v The Medium of Amplified Language ..........................................................................................167 Touching the Medium ..................................................................................................................172 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................175 Works Consulted.................................................................................................................... ......177 Appendix: Bibliography of Nathan Bailey Dictionaries ..............................................................189 vi List of Appendices 1. Bibliography of Nathan Bailey Dictionaries vii 1 Introduction This thesis began when I undertook a bibliography of eighteenth-century lexicographer Nathan Bailey’s little-known English dictionaries, An Universal Etymological English Dictionary (1721-1802), and the illustrated, expanded, Dictionarium Britannicum (1730, 1736). Bailey’s An Universal Etymological English Dictionary, though used by more Britons than any English dictionary before it, was eclipsed in popular consciousness by Samuel Johnson’s A Dictionary of the English Language (1755). Johnson had the official backing of the nation’s learned and polite for undertaking a new English-language codifying project that would vie with France’s Dictionnaire de L’Academie française. Johnson’s supporters expected the lexicographer to undertake an original work by prescribing limits to the contents of the Dictionary, determining which words counted as proper English. By contrast, Bailey’s dictionaries were an inclusive form of database. In Peter Stallybrass’s discussion of early- modern writing as database, he argues that writers copied from commonplace books and printed inventories of knowledge, housing collections of other texts within their own compositions. Benefitting from what Simon Stern has called “a flourishing public domain” and the “limited scope of legal protection” of authors in the eighteenth century, Bailey compiled dictionaries that were collections of other English dictionaries, reference books, and glossaries published prior to (and during) the early eighteenth century in London.1 Bailey collected “hard words” for his inclusive list of terms, Latin and technical words that allowed his dictionary to double as a general reference book or “dictionary” of arts and sciences. Bailey’s Dictionary might be said to have shared information, information in the modern sense that Geoffrey Nunberg discusses in his essay “Farewell to the Information Age”: Nunberg argues that “information” is now a substance that has no proper speaker or form, a 1 See Peter Stallybrass’s discussion in “Against Thinking,”
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Death of Captain Cook in Theatre 224
    The Many Deaths of Captain Cook A Study in Metropolitan Mass Culture, 1780-1810 Ruth Scobie PhD University of York Department of English April 2013 i Ruth Scobie The Many Deaths of Captain Cook Abstract This thesis traces metropolitan representations, between 1780 and 1810, of the violent death of Captain James Cook at Kealakekua Bay in Hawaii. It takes an interdisciplinary approach to these representations, in order to show how the interlinked texts of a nascent commercial culture initiated the creation of a colonial character, identified by Epeli Hau’ofa as the looming “ghost of Captain Cook.” The introduction sets out the circumstances of Cook’s death and existing metropolitan reputation in 1779. It situates the figure of Cook within contemporary mechanisms of ‘celebrity,’ related to notions of mass metropolitan culture. It argues that previous accounts of Cook’s fame have tended to overemphasise the immediacy and unanimity with which the dead Cook was adopted as an imperialist hero; with the result that the role of the scene within colonialist histories can appear inevitable, even natural. In response, I show that a contested mythology around Cook’s death was gradually constructed over the three decades after the incident took place, and was the contingent product of a range of texts, places, events, and individuals. The first section examines responses to the news of Cook’s death in January 1780, focusing on the way that the story was mediated by, first, its status as ‘news,’ created by newspapers; and second, the effects on Londoners of the Gordon riots in June of the same year.
    [Show full text]
  • Samuel Johnson*S Views on Women: from His Works
    SAMUEL JOHNSON*S VIEWS ON WOMEN: FROM HIS WORKS by IRIS STACEY B.A., University of British .Columbia. 1946 A Thesis submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard The University of British Columbia September, 1963 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that per• mission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly ' purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives,. It is understood that copying, or publi• cation of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, Canada. Date JjiMZ^kA- ^,/»^' ABSTRACT An examination of Samuel Johnson*s essays and his tragedy, Irene, and his Oriental tale, Rasselas, reveals that his concept of womanhood and his views on the education of woman and her role in society amount to a thorough-going criticism of the established views of eighteenth-century society. His views are in advance of those of his age. Johnson viewed the question of woman with that same practical good sense which he had brought to bear on literary criticism. It was important he said "to distinguish nature from custom: or that which is established because it was right, from that which is right only because it is established." Johnson thought that, so far as women were concerned, custom had dictated views and attitudes which reason denied.
    [Show full text]
  • Iiilliam F. KNISKERN I'lay 1980
    THE UNIVERSITY OF I'IAN]TOBA SA}ruEL JOHNSON AND SATIRE by IiILLIAM F. KNISKERN A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES ,IHE IN PARTIAL FULFILI'IENT OF TIIE RIQUIREI'ÍENTS FOR DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PH]LOSOPHY DEPARTI'IENT OF ENGLISH I.IINNIPEG, I'TANIT0BA I'lay 1980 SAMUEL JOI1NSON AND SATIRE BY I,]ILLIAM FREDRICK KNISKERN A thcsis sLrbnrittrcl to tlre Iracrrlt¡, o1'(lracl Lr:rtc StLrtlics ol- tllc Universit-v- o1'N{anitoba in partial lLrlfillnlc¡lt of'the rcrluire rncrrts of the degrec of DOC'TOIì OF PI II LOSC)I)I IY €:' t9g0 Pclnlission hrs bcen grînttd to ihc Lllllli\lì\'Olì l-llLr UNIVIiII SITY OF N,lANIl-OIIA to lencì or scll copics ol this tltcsis. to the NATIONAL LIBI{AIìY OF CANAI)A to nricrof-ilnr this thesis and to lc-ncl or scll cclpics ol'tllc'f ilnr. ancl Uì\l\/l:IìSI-fY Ì\'llClìOFILÌv{S to pr-rblish rn abstract ol'this lhcsis, 'l'lle aLrthor rûse r\ cs ctthcr pLrblicatiorr rigirts. alltl ne itìrc.r thc tlrcsis ¡lrlr crtensir,r cxtriìe ts l'ronr it nlt¡'Lrc ¡trirttccl clr othcr- rl'isc r.:1ri'od tr cccl ivi thoLr t the aLrtìlor's ur'l i L tcn Ienll isrirln. ABSTRACT htren Samuel Johnson first began to v/rite for a living he turned almost immediately to satire. In 1738 he published London, an "Imitation" of Juvenalrs Satire III, and in 1739 he published t\^¡o prose satires, Marmor Norfolciense and A Compleat Vindication of the Licensers of the _Ltgge.
    [Show full text]
  • The Times and Influence of Samuel Johnson
    UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Katedra anglistiky a amerikanistiky Martina Tesařová The Times and Influence of Samuel Johnson Bakalářská práce Studijní obor: Anglická filologie Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Ema Jelínková, Ph.D. OLOMOUC 2013 Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem bakalářskou práci na téma „Doba a vliv Samuela Johnsona“ vypracovala samostatně a uvedla úplný seznam použité a citované literatury. V Olomouci dne 15.srpna 2013 …………………………………….. podpis Poděkování Ráda bych poděkovala Mgr. Emě Jelínkové, Ph.D. za její stále přítomný humor, velkou trpělivost, vstřícnost, cenné rady, zapůjčenou literaturu a ochotu vždy pomoci. Rovněž děkuji svému manželovi, Joe Shermanovi, za podporu a jazykovou korekturu. Johnson, to be sure, has a roughness in his manner, but no man alive has a more tender heart. —James Boswell Table of Contents 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 2. The Age of Johnson: A Time of Reason and Good Manners ......................... 3 3. Samuel Johnson Himself ................................................................................. 5 3.1. Life and Health ......................................................................................... 5 3.2. Works ..................................................................................................... 10 3.3. Johnson’s Club ....................................................................................... 18 3.4. Opinions and Practice ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • I Give Permission for Public Access to My Thesis and for Any Copying to Be Done at the Discretion of the Archives Librarian And/Or the College Librarian
    I give permission for public access to my thesis and for any copying to be done at the discretion of the archives librarian and/or the College librarian. _________________________________________________ Molly G. Taylor 2 THE ITALIAN JOURNEY OF HESTER LYNCH PIOZZI; The personal and cultural transformation of a Georgian lady Molly George Taylor A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Mount Holyoke College in partial fulfillment of The requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honor. History Department Mount Holyoke College South Hadley, Massachusetts April 29, 2005 3 Acknowledgements This thesis project has taken me on journey across Europe and through time and it has only been possible through the generosity of both old and new friends. The journey began and ended with the guidance of Mount Holyoke College professors, foremost my advisor, Frederick McGinness. I am also grateful for the further mentoring of Barbara Stevenson, Ombretta Frau and Robert Schwartz. Research of my topic was generously funded by a Pugh grant in the summer of 2004 and the Almara grant in January 2005. Thanks to the benefactors of those awards and to the history department that administered them. The entire history department was supportive of this project, especially Holly Sharac and Holly Hanson. Youth hostels and dear friends in England and Italy provided inspiration, enlightening conversation, and lodgings while conducting research. The Langford family in Cambridge became my own for the month of June 2004. Tom Müller in Florence and Prudence Crane in Bologna were my spiritual mentors while abroad and their homes gave me quiet refuges for study.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development and Improvement Of
    A CRITICAL STUDY OF JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN AND THE SLANG DICTIONARY A Dissertation by DRAGANA DJORDJEVIC Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2010 Major Subject: English A CRITICAL STUDY OF JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN AND THE SLANG DICTIONARY A Dissertation by DRAGANA DJORDJEVIC Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, J. Lawrence Mitchell Committee Members, C. Jan Swearingen Jennifer Wollock Rodney C. Hill Head of Department, M. Jimmie Killingsworth May 2010 Major Subject: English iii ABSTRACT A Critical Study of John Camden Hotten and The Slang Dictionary. (May 2010) Dragana Djordjevic, B.A., University of Belgrade; M.A., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. J. Lawrence Mitchell Many lexicographers found some words unsuitable for inclusion in their dictionaries, thus the examination of general purpose dictionaries alone will not give us a faithful history of changes of the language. Nevertheless, by taking into account cant and slang dictionaries, the origins and history of such marginalized language can be truly examined. Despite people‘s natural fascination with these works, the early slang dictionaries have received relatively little scholarly attention, the later ones even less. This dissertation is written to honor those lexicographers who succeeded in a truthful documentation of nonstandard language. One of these disreputable lexicographers who found joy in an unending search for new and better ways of treating abstruse vocabulary was John Camden Hotten.
    [Show full text]
  • Ore-Issue-8-Omission-V2.Pdf
    , 1 2 Oxford Research in English Graduate Research Journal Faculty of English Language and Literature, The University of Oxford oxford research in english Graduate Research Journal Faculty of English Language and Literature, University of Oxford https://oxfordresearchenglish.wordpress.com ISSN: 2397-2947 Editor-in-Chief william kroeger Editorial Committee 2018–19 lakshmi priya, Secretary ann ang, Peer Review Facilitator james misson, Production Editor carina rampelt, Assistant Production Editor felix taylor, Submissions Editor eleanor baker, Communications Officer sophie barber, Features Editor zachary garber alexandra braverman Special Features Reviews lakshmi priya & sophie barber Peer Reviewers ann ang, eleanor baker, alex braverman, angelica de vido, joan etskovitz, zachary garber, lillian hingley, kim hyei jin,mariachiara leteo, audrey southgate Founding Members camille pidoux callum seddon jennie cole Contents 7 Foreword Omission bill kroeger 9 ‘‘Improper words’: Silencing same-sex desire in eighteenth-century general English dictionaries stephen turton 37 Race, place, and urban space: Teju Cole and Ta-Nehisi Coates in relation to the sociology of the streets maddie mitchell 55 Becoming everything: constitutive impurity in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness carissa ma 77 Publication without a Publicity of the Self: The lyric ‘I’ in Emily Dickinson and Claudia Rankine fernanda lai 97 Double Vision, Split Gaze: Prison Writing and Metatheatre susan zhang maginn 117 Reviews 133 Special Feature A Little Gay History – Professor Richard B. Parkinson sophie barber 137 Special Feature The Art of Omission in Theatrical Practice: An Interview with Professor K.S. Rajendran lakshmi priya balakrishnan 143 Notes on Contributors Foreword bill kroeger mission, more than simple absence, is a weighted term, laden with the moral and (for some) religious tone of culpability.
    [Show full text]
  • Hester Thrale Piozzi and Her Mentors Collier and Johnson Tania S
    Learning Conversational Rhetoric in Eighteenth-Century Britain: Hester Thrale Piozzi and Her Mentors Collier and Johnson Tania S. Smith University of Calgary A young British woman in the eighteenth century who aspired to be an eloquent writer and conversationalist faced many challenges. It was rare for a woman to gain access to education in rhetoric because, since the classical era, rhetoric had been a largely masculine, upper-class discipline meant to prepare people to speak in official public roles. However, in the eighteenth century, some approaches to rhetoric accommodated the increasing number of women becoming educated and the increasingly important genre of sociable conversation. New opportunities within the culture made it possible for a woman to study rhetoric, practice and theorize it, and achieve widespread public acknowledgment for her eloquence and influence, although not without risks to her reputation. Studying the rhetorical development and practice of eighteenth- century British women brings to light how a category of people excluded from formal rhetorical education and practice could nevertheless participate due to shifts in cultural ideologies. Specifically, as I shall demonstrate below, these women experienced a greater opportunity to practice and learn a rhetoric of conversation in the public sphere. A brief rhetorical biography of Hester Thrale Piozzi (1741-1821), a famous eighteenth-century conversationalist and author, reveals how she and her two mentors, Dr. Arthur Collier and Samuel Johnson, approached the study and practice of conversation as a rhetorical art. It also helps us understand the importance of conversational rhetoric in forming eminent rhetors and rhetoricians. Only a few modern and eighteenth-century scholars of rhetoric would acknowledge that such a woman’s success in public or semi-public eloquence could be considered a rhetorical career.
    [Show full text]
  • Dictionary Exercise Instructions
    Dictionary Exercise Instructions The pages below contain the complete entries from a number of early dictionaries for a selection of words. After printing them out, read each one carefully and note down your observations on the following points: 1. Which dictionaries were the first to include the following information? part of speech pronunciation word stress etymology illustrative quotations 2. Which etymologies seem especially fanciful? 3. Do some entries seem to be closely derived from earlier dictionaries? Which ones? Does such dependence extend beyond the definition? 4. Are there entries that show an ideological bias? 5. Do Johnson's quotations always "illustrate" the meaning of the word? 6. Print out the entry for each word from the Oxford English Dictionary (or at least the relevant parts if it is extensive) and note whether the definitions follow the history mapped out in the earlier dictionaries. Does the OED ever quote an earlier dictionary? Does the OED cite earlier meanings that could have been but were not included in the definitions of the earlier dictionaries? How does the OED handle etymologies that were disputed among the early dictionaries? Are there any spelling variants worth commenting on? 1 ENTHU'SIASM.n.s. [enqousiasmoV] Enthusiasm 1. A vain belief of private revelation; a vain confidence of divine favour or communication. Thomas Blount, Glossographia, 1656 Enthusiasm is founded neither on reason nor divine ENTHUSIASM or ENTHYSIASM, revelation, but rises from the conceits of a warmed or (enthysiasmus) an inspiration, a ravishment of overweening brain. the spirit, divine motion, Poetical fury. Locke. 2. Heat of imagination; violence of passion; Edward Phillips, New World of English Words, confidence of opinion.
    [Show full text]
  • Hester Thrale Piozzi's Annotated Copy of James Northcote's Biography of Sir Joshua Reynolds
    "Well said Mr. Northcote": Hester Thrale Piozzi's annotated copy of James Northcote's biography of Sir Joshua Reynolds The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Wendorf, Richard. 2000. "Well said Mr. Northcote": Hester Thrale Piozzi's annotated copy of James Northcote's biography of Sir Joshua Reynolds. Harvard Library Bulletin 9 (4), Winter 1998: 29-40. Citable link https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37363299 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA 29 "Well said M~ Northcote": Hester Thrale Piozzi's Annotated Copy of James Northcote's Biography of Sir Joshua Reynolds Richard Wendoif ester Lynch Thrale Piozzi was of two minds about Sir Joshua RICHARD WENDORF is the Reynolds. She greatly admired him as a painter-or at least as a Stanford Calderwood H painter of portraits. When he attempted to soar beyond portraiture Director and Librarian of into the realm of history painting, she found him to be embarrassingly the Boston Athena:um. out of his depth. Reynolds professed "the Sublime of Painting I think," she wrote in her voluminous commonplace book, "with the same Affectation as Gray does in Poetry, both of them tame quiet Characters by Nature, but forced into Fire by Artifice & Effort." 1 As a portrait-painter, however, Reynolds impressed her as having no equal, and she took great pride in his series of portraits commissioned by her first husband, Henry Thrale, for the library at their house in Streatham.
    [Show full text]
  • Bertram Rota Ltd
    November 2017 Bertram Rota Ltd PO Box 7791 Kintbury Berkshire RG17 1DJ Tel: 01488 608181 www.bertramrota.co.uk [email protected] https://www.facebook.com/BertramRota @dorothearota Catalogue 310 Established 1923 TERMS OF BUSINESS. The items in this catalogue are offered at net sterling prices, for cash upon receipt. Charges for postage and packing will be added. All books are insured in transit. PAYMENT. We accept cheques, debit and credit cards (please quote the card number, start and expiry date and 3 digit security code as well as your name and address) and Paypal. For direct transfers: HSBC, 129 New Bond Street, London, W1A 2JA; sort code 40 05 01; account number 50149489 VAT is added and charged on autograph letters and manuscripts (unless bound in the form of a book), drawings, prints and photographs. WANTS LISTS. We are pleased to receive list of books especially sought. They are given careful attention and quotations are submitted without charge. We also provide valuations of books, manuscripts, archives and entire libraries HOURS OF BUSINESS. Visitors welcome, by appointment please. Unless otherwise described, all the books in this catalogue are published in London, in the original cloth or board bindings, octavo or crown octavo in size. Dust-wrappers should be assumed to be present only when specifically mentioned. Antiquarian Books especially James Boswell and Samuel Johnson 1. Alken (Henry) . A Panorama of the Progress of Human Life fashionably illustrating Shakespeare’s Ages and giving at the same time the manners, costume, amusements, and field sports of the English people, the whole illustrative of modern character in a series of many hundreds of moving figures .
    [Show full text]
  • August 20, 2019
    Appellate Case: 18-1173 Document: 010110215652 Date Filed: 08/20/2019 Page: 1 FILED United States Court of Appeals PUBLISH Tenth Circuit UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS August 20, 2019 Elisabeth A. Shumaker FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT Clerk of Court _________________________________ MICHEAL BACA; POLLY BACA; ROBERT NEMANICH, Plaintiffs - Appellants, v. No. 18-1173 COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Defendant - Appellee. ------------------------------ INDEPENDENCE INSTITUTE; DAVID G. POST; DEREK T. MULLER; MICHAEL L. ROSIN; ROBERT M. HARDAWAY, Professor of Law, University of Denver Sturm College of Law; COLORADO REPUBLICAN COMMITTEE, Amici Curiae. _________________________________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Colorado (D.C. No. 1:17-CV-01937-WYD-NYW) _________________________________ Jason Harrow, Equal Citizens, Cambridge, Massachusetts (Jason B. Wesoky, Hamilton Defenders, Denver, Colorado, and Lawrence Lessig, Equal Citizens, Cambridge, Massachusetts, with him on the briefs), for Plaintiff – Appellants. Grant T. Sullivan, Assistant Solicitor General (Cynthia H. Coffman, Attorney General; Frederick R. Yarger, Solicitor General; LeeAnn Morrill, First Assistant Attorney Appellate Case: 18-1173 Document: 010110215652 Date Filed: 08/20/2019 Page: 2 General; Matthew Grove, Assistant Solicitor General, with him on the brief), for Appellee Colorado Department of State, Denver, Colorado. Michael Donofrio, Donofrio Asay PLC, Montpelier, Vermont, and Aaron Solomon, Hale Westfall, LLP, Denver, Colorado, filed an amicus brief on behalf of Michael L. Rosin and David G. Post. David B. Kopel, Independence Institute, Denver, Colorado, filed an amicus brief on behalf of Independence Institute. Michael Francisco, Statecraft, PLLC, Colorado Springs, Colorado, and Derek T. Muller, Associate Professor of Law, Pepperdine University Law School, Malibu, California, filed an amicus brief on behalf of Derek T.
    [Show full text]