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• IPP378 The People's Republic of China Ningxia Hui Autononlous Region Ningxia Highway Improvement Project Public Disclosure Authorized Social Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized Report (Revised draft) Public Disclosure Authorized Shanghai Resettlenlent Investment Management Co. Ltd. Public Disclosure Authorized October 2009 , , " Contents Illustration map of Project expressway and road network ........................................... 1 Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Basic information of the Project ................................................................ 1 1.2 Project affected areas ................................................................................. 5 1.3 Overall objective and prerequisites of Social Assessment .......................... 7 1.4 Basic steps of Social Assessment .................................................................. 8 1.5 Other considerations during Social Assessment ....................................... 15 1.6 The main basis and survey method of Social Assessment ........................ 16 Chapter 2 Socio-economic information of the Project affected areas ..................... 19 2.1 Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ............................................................ 19 2.2 Yinchuan City ......................................................................................... 22 2.3 Wuzhong City ......................................................................................... 24 2.4 Lingwu City ............................................................................................ 26 2.5 Qingtongxia City ..................................................................................... 28 2.6 Basic information ofaffected townships .................................................. 32 Chapter 3 Survey of the affected communities and households .............................. 39 3.1 Brief introduction of survey ..................................................................... 39 3.2 Basic demographic characteristics .......................................................... .41 3.3 Land Resources ....................................................................................... 42 3.4 Employment of household laborers .......................................................... 45 3.5 Housing Resources .................................................................................. 45 3.6 Household income and affecting factors .................................................. 49 3.7 Household consumption expenditure and affecting factors ....................... 51 3.8 The impacts of land acquisition on local farmers ..................................... 53 3.9 Social support network ............................................................................ 59 3.9.1 Rural organization network ..................................................................... 59 3.10 Impacts on Vulnerable Groups and Supporting Arrangement for them. 60 3.11 Support rate to the Project ..................................................................... 66 3.12 Ranking of the concerns ........................................................................ 66 Chapter 4 Laws and regulations relating to minorities and implementation of minorities policy ...................................................................................................... 68 4.1 Laws and regulations relating to minorities .............................................. 68 4.2 Right of Self-Government of Ethnic Autonomous Areas ......................... 74 4.3 World Bank's Policies on Ethnic Minorities ............................................ 76 Chapter 5 Ethnic minorities ................................................................................... 79 5.1 Ethnic minorities distribution in the Project areas .................................... 79 5.2 Introduction ofthe Hui Nationality .......................................................... 81 5.3 Relationship among the Nationality composition, land resources, and per capita net income along the Expressway ........................................................... 85 5.4 Support rate ofHui people for the Project. ............................................... 88 5.5 Comparison of Han and Hui people within one village ............................ 88 5.6 Implementation ofminorities laws and regulations, and policy ................ 89 5.7 Summary ofthe characteristics ofHui people .......................................... 95 5.8 Deference between Hui people and "Indigenous Peoples" defined by World Bank ................................................................................................................ 98 Chapter 6 Women ................................................................................................. 99 6.1 Age, education and occupation by gender ................................................ 99 6.2 Rights women can be summed up .......................................................... 101 6.3 Women organization ............................................................................. 102 6.4 Women and the economy ...................................................................... 103 6.5 Women and Poverty Elimination ........................................................... 104 6.6 Impacts ofthe Project on women ........................................................... 104 Chapter 7 Stakeholder Analysis .......................................................................... 108 7.1 Project Owner ....................................................................................... 108 7.2 World Bank ........................................................................................... 108 7.3 Design institutes, constructors and supervision units .............................. 109 7.4 The urban residents along the alignment.. .............................................. 109 7.5 Rural people unaffected by land acquisition and house demolition along the proposed Expressway alignment .................................................................... 109 7.6 People employed in highway transportation ........................................... 109 , 7.7 Local vendors ........................................................................................ 110 7.8 People in peripheral area ....................................................................... 110 7.9 Enterprises in Project areas .................................................................... 110 7.10 Woman and children ............................................................................ 110 7.11 Local government. ............................................................................... 111 7.12 People affected by land acquisition and house demolition along the Expressway .................................................................................................... 111 7.13 Ethnic minorities ................................................................................. 112 7.14 Vulnerable groups ............................................................................... 112 Chapter 8 Project impact analysis ........................................................................ 114 8.1 Positive Impacts ofthe Project............................................................... 114 8.2 Negative Impacts of the Project. ............................................................ 115 8.3 Mitigation measures for negative impacts .............................................. 118 Chapter 9 Identification and control of social risks .............................................. 120 9.1 Opinion summary of the residents along the alignment.. ........................ 120 9.2 Identification of social risks ................................................................... 120 9.3 Measures to control the social risks ....................................................... 122 Chapter 10 Conclusion and recommendation ...................................................... 124 10.1 Main conclusion of the Social Assessment.. ......................................... 124 10.2 Main improvement suggestions ........................................................... 126 • Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Basic information of the Project The proposed World Bank-financed Ningxia Highway Improvement Project is composed of 3 components: 1.1.1 Component A Component A: this is the main road - according to the expressway preliminary design, National Highway 211 Guyaozi -Qingtongxia Linking Expressway is 79.276 km in length and designed as expressway standard with full-controlled access, four-lane. The designed speed is 100 kmlh and subgrade width is 26.0 m. The starting point of the Expressway is in the northwest of Ningdong Energy Chemical Base, which is the No. t project in Ningxia. The ending point is in the west of Qingtongxia New Material Base and will connect with the planned Shizuishan-Zhongning Expressway (West line of Expressway). The Expressway will connect most key industry development areas, including Ningdong Energy Chemical Base, Lingwu Sheep Wool Industrial Park, Jinji Industrial Park in Wuzhong, and Qingtongxia New Material Base. 1.1.2 Component B Component B: Road Network Improvements - This component will finance improvements to national, county and township roads with the aim of improving connections to key industrial and agricultural areas and improving the feeder network to the