E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 104 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 142 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 24, 1996 No. 9 House of Representatives

The House met at 12 noon and was THE JOURNAL House for 1 minute and to revise and called to order by the Speaker pro tem- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The extend his remarks.) pore [Mr. HOBSON]. Chair has examined the Journal of the Mr. WELDON of Florida. Mr. Speak- last day’s proceedings and announces er, Dr. Danny McCain is the founder f and international director at large of to the House his approval thereof. Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- International Institute for Christian Studies [IICS]. This organization devel- DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER nal stands approved. ops and enhances academic Christian PRO TEMPORE Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, pursu- studies programs in public universities ant to clause 1, rule I, I demand a vote The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- in 10 countries including Nigeria, Rus- on agreeing to the Speaker’s approval fore the House the following commu- sia, Ukraine, and China. nication from the Speaker: of the Journal. In university classrooms that just 5 The SPEAKER pro tempore. The WASHINGTON, DC, years ago were devoted to the teaching January 24, 1996. question is on the Chair’s approval of of atheism, IICS professors have been I hereby designate the Honorable DAVID L. the Journal. invited to teach about the moral foun- HOBSON to act as Speaker pro tempore on Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I object dations of society which Christianity this day. to the vote on the ground that a provides. NEWT GINGRICH, quorum is not present and make the During the past year, Dr. McCain has Speaker of the House of Representatives. point of order that a quorum is not taught over 300 West African teachers present. f who daily teach religious and moral The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- education in the public schools. At a ant to clause 5, rule I, further proceed- recent seminar, the commissioner for PRAYER ings on this question are postponed. education said, ‘‘Our country is in The Reverend Dr. Danny McCain, The point of no quorum is considered trouble; most of our troubles are relat- professor of Christian studies, Univer- withdrawn. ed to morals; morals are derived from sity of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, of- f religion. Moral and religious education fered the following prayer: PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE is essential for our Nation’s survival.’’ Almighty God, the Bible declares I am sure we could learn much about about governments, ‘‘The authorities The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the the source of moral values from these that exist have been established by gentleman from Ohio [Mr. GILLMOR] developing nations. God.’’ We acknowledge Your supreme come forward and lead the House in the Dr. McCain currently serves as a sen- lordship over this Nation. Pledge of Allegiance. ior lecturer in the University of Jos, Because You are a merciful God, we Mr. GILLMOR led the Pledge of Alle- Nigeria, where he and his family have repent for often ignoring and disobey- giance as follows: lived for the past 7 years. ing You in our personal and national I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the It is a pleasure to have him as our lives. United States of America, and to the Repub- guest chaplain today. lic for which it stands, one nation under God, f We pray our Nation will be like a indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. lighthouse beside the global seashore f IN MEMORIAM: MIKE SYNAR signaling out messages of hope and in- (Mr. SKAGGS asked and was given ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER spiration to those unfortunate nations permission to address the House for 1 still struggling in the darkness of igno- PRO TEMPORE minute and to revise and extend his re- rance, oppression, and injustice. The SPEAKER pro tempore. This marks.) We pray that those in this Chamber morning the Chair will recognize twen- Mr. SKAGGS. Mr. Speaker, many of will acknowledge Your divine sov- ty 1-minute speeches on each side of us have just returned this morning ereignty, that their words and deci- the aisle as agreed to by the leadership. from a memorial service for our de- sions will be characterized by truth f parted colleague, the gentleman from and humility, and that all Members of Oklahoma, Michael Synar. It was a this House will be worthy to represent WELCOME TO THE REVEREND DR. moving tribute to an extraordinary us by their moral and spiritual exam- DANNY MCCAIN man and a courageous public servant. ple. (Mr. WELDON of Florida asked and Mike set the highest possible stand- In Jesus’ name. Amen. was given permission to address the ards for himself and for this place, a

b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

H 775 H 776 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 place which he dearly loved. He did his was a memorial service for our de- need to do welfare reform, and I agree best to act on principle while being parted colleague from Oklahoma, Mike with him. This morning the Speaker of fully engaged in the arena. In this Synar. As I listened to the deserving the House, NEWT GINGRICH, on one of place where the line between legiti- tributes paid to this remarkable public the morning talk shows, when asked mate compromise and expediency is so servant, I realized that death some- about welfare reform, said that the often fuzzed, Mike Synar knew the dif- times robs us of our last chance to say President had vetoed it twice, even ference. He had a clear head and a goodbye. So to my friend and colleague though the Senate had passed it with 85 moral compass that guided him, not al- Mike Synar, I want to say goodbye one votes. ways with perfect outcomes but always last time. Well, Speaker GINGRICH, I wish you with a perfect sense of integrity. He I want to say, thank you, Mike, for would tell the truth. That bill that the knew that a seat in this House was reminding us what courage is all about. President vetoed, that welfare bill, got simply not worth having if there were I want to say, thank you for reminding only 52 votes in the Senate. It did not not some things that you were willing us that one person can make a dif- get 85 votes, Speaker GINGRICH. Tell to risk losing it over. ference. I want to say, thank you for the truth; it got only 52. And two Re- What tribute can we give to this reminding us that public service can be publicans voted against it. man? Perhaps to give back come of the a noble calling. I want to say, thank Now, the President wants to do wel- love he showed for this wonderful insti- you, Mike, for your genuine compas- fare reform, but he does not want to do tution of our democracy by treating sion and caring for your fellow human the radical one that was sent to him. I each other better and respecting the beings. And I want you to know that want to do welfare reform. I would principles that we all hold, principles like the statue of your fellow Oklaho- much rather take the one that passed that Mike was so true to in his own man, Will Rogers, which watches over the Senate in September; not the one service here. Perhaps we can draw this House just outside the doors of in December, the one in September, let some inspiration from his life and serv- this Chamber, your spirit, the coura- us do that welfare reform. ice and do so in his name and memory. geous spirit of Mike Synar, will forever Speaker GINGRICH, let us tell the truth. f hover over this House to remind each of us that courage and compassion and f STATE OF THE UNION acting out of conscience are noble STATE OF THE UNION human traits. (Mr. CHABOT asked and was given (Mr. GILLMOR asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 Goodbye, my friend. We will miss you, but never forget you. permission to address the House for 1 minute.) minute and to revise and extend his re- f Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Speaker, the Presi- marks.) dent said a lot of the right things last STATE OF CONFUSION Mr. GILLMOR. Mr. Speaker, I night. He says the era of big govern- (Mr. MARTINI asked and was given watched the President’s speech last ment is over. He says that he now un- night. That speech and his State of the derstands that working families are permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend his re- Union speech last year were the two overtaxed. And he even implies that he longest I have heard in my lifetime. is now willing to sign the welfare re- marks.) Mr. MARTINI. Mr. Speaker, last A thought came to me while I was form, balanced budget, and tax cut listening to that lengthy speech about measures that he has vetoed over the night the American people did not hear the State of the Union but rather I sug- how we could save money. Instead of last few months. Good news, if he shutting down the Government to save means it, very good news. gest they heard a statement of confu- sion, albeit a statement of contradic- money, we could just suspend Govern- If the President now means it and he ment while the President talks. We will support tax cuts for working fami- tions. President Clinton spoke to the Amer- would save millions. lies rather than demagoging about Length is not important. Content is. ican people once again about balancing mythical tax cuts for the rich, that is The major themes of the President’s the budget, ending welfare as we know very good news. speech were simply a rehash of the it, saving Medicare and providing mid- If the President now means it that same promises he made 4 years ago, dle-class tax relief. However when this people in Cincinnati should be able to and on which he did not deliver. keep more of their own money, rather Republican Congress sent him an hon- During most of his Presidency he has than seeing it wasted by high flying est balanced budget, he vetoed that. had a Congress controlled by his own bureaucrats like Hazel O’Leary, that is When the Congress sent him a welfare party. good news. reform bill to end dependency, he ve- He promised a balanced budget. He In short, Mr. Speaker, if the Presi- toed that. When the Congress passed a did not submit a credible one and ve- dent now wants to work together for measure to save Medicare, he once toed the one Congress passed. He prom- tax relief and for an end to big govern- again vetoed that. And when we sent ised welfare reform. He did not submit ment ripoffs—then I am with him all him legislation to provide the middle- a credible plan, and vetoed the welfare the way. It is great to see that the class tax cut he referred to last night, reform Congress passed. President is now a fan of the Contract he vetoed that. The American people deserve better. This Congress has sent the President With America. I just hope that he real- f virtually everything he spoke about izes that we need action and not just last evening. He just must be confused, DEALS, DEALS talk. in my opinion. (Mr. TRAFICANT asked and was f Mr. President, the American people given permission to address the House ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER are not confused. It is time to stop for 1 minute and to revise and extend PRO TEMPORE talking and start signing, not vetoing his remarks.) these bills. The American people have Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, what The SPEAKER pro tempore. The demanded these changes in 1992, in 1994 year is it? Is 1996 the 10th year of the Chair would advise Members they again, and the Congress has delivered 5-year Gramm-Rudman balance deal? Is should refrain from references to dema- more than just a speech. 1996 the fifth year of the Bush 5-year goguery. f deal? Is 1996 the third year of the Clin- f ton 5-year deal or is 1996 the new 7-year LET US TELL THE TRUTH deal? GOODBYE TO MIKE SYNAR (Mr. VOLKMER asked and was given Deals, deals. That is what we have. (Mr. EDWARDS asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 There are more deals here than Monty permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and extend his re- Hall has, folks, but one thing is for minute.) marks.) sure, 1996 is the year of denial. Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Speaker, this Mr. VOLKMER. Mr. Speaker, last The most important thing last night morning at St. John’s Church there night the President mentioned that we is what was not said by the President January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 777 or Senator DOLE. No mention of record cut these programs. They want to cut OUR ARMED FORCES SHOULD NOT trade deficits. No mention of those two $270 billion out of Medicare, they want BE PLACED UNDER CONTROL OF turkeys, GATT and NAFTA. No men- to cut $163 billion out of Medicaid, and FOREIGN COMMANDERS tion of declining wages. No mention of they want to give a tax break of $245 (Mr. COOLEY asked and was given livable-wage jobs leaving this country. billion largely to the rich. According to permission to address the House for 1 Mr. Speaker, I say if the economy is the Treasury Department, half of the minute and to revise and extend his re- so great, why do American families tax breaks go to people making over marks.) need three jobs to pay their bills? We $100,000 a year, and that is wrong. Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, today we There is a difference. The Repub- do not need any more deals, we need a will vote on the conference report on S. licans believe in an America that says little bit more common sense and 1124, the 1996 Department of Defense every man or woman for himself. The maybe people should get out of this de- authorization bill. I will vote for this President and the Democrats believe nial phase and take a look at the re- bill because it contains so many good we are a caring society and the stand- ality that is hitting people on the things: COLA equity for our military ard of that society is we take care of streets of America. retirees, a needed pay raise for our f our seniors, our disabled people, and our young people. We have a balanced Armed Forces, money to repair sub- b 1215 budget. The problem is they want to standard family housing, and funds to give tax breaks to the rich. protect this Nation from a deadly mis- THE TWO CLINTONS: RHETORIC sile attack. f VERSUS REALITY This bill does many good things, but, (Mr. SMITH of Texas asked and was CLINTON SEES THE LIGHT—FI- Mr. Speaker, S. 1124 has been changed given permission to address the House NALLY AGREES TO LESS GOV- to permit the men and women of our for 1 minute and to revise and extend ERNMENT armed services to be placed under con- his remarks.) (Mr. STEARNS asked and was given trol of foreign commanders. This is Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Speaker, permission to address the House for 1 wrong. I object to this provision. the blizzard in Washington, DC, may be minute and to revise and extend his re- In the future, the United States will over. But last night the American peo- marks.) certainly take part in international ple had to trudge through the Clinton Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, the gen- disputes. But when American volun- reelection snow job. It is amazing what tleman from Missouri who is in the teers volunteer to serve this Nation in some people will say to hide what they back here was incorrect when he al- armed conflict, they deserve to be led do. leged the Speaker, speaking about the by Americans and not by foreign com- The same President who pledged to welfare bill this morning, did not have manders. balance the budget in 5 years, but ve- the vote count right. It was 87 to 12 I will vote for S. 1124 this time. As is toed the first balanced budget in 26 that the welfare bill passed out of the so often the case, I must accept some years, again poses as fiscally prudent. Senate, and it was 52 to 47 on the con- good with the bad. The same President who promised to ference report. The gentleman was con- f end welfare as we know it, but vetoed fusing the conference report with the welfare reform, again masquerades as a original welfare bill in the Senate NUCLEAR TESTING IN SOUTH welfare reformer. The same President which passed overwhelmingly. The PACIFIC who tried to socialize medicine, and Speaker was correct. (Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA asked and today blocks efforts to save Medicare, So with that, last evening the Presi- was given permission to address the disguises himself as protector of health dent gave his State of the Union. As I House for 1 minute and to revise and benefits. listened, I said to myself, it sounds like extend his remarks.) And the same President who pledged the Republican agenda. It is like the Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, a middle class tax cut only to pass the President has had a Damascus experi- I wanted to share with my colleagues ence. He was reborn again. Sometimes largest tax increase in history but ve- and the American public an article he is reborn every 3 months. toed real family and small business tax that appeared in today’s Washington Republicans should feel very satisfied cuts, again pretends to champion tax because we have overturned the Demo- Post. The article cites the French Gov- relief. crats’ control here in Congress, made a ernment’s admission that radioactive Promises are made to be kept, not ig- balanced budget a national priority, bi- materials have leaked into the sea nored after the election’s over. Words partisan priority, ended the idea that from its nuclear tests in the South Pa- should have some correlation to ac- entitlement spending is holy, and cific. tions. This President’s promises and started the debate on the complete re- Mr. Speaker, while the French Gov- words about the future are directly thinking of the Tax Code. ernment now tells the world it is just a contradicted by his policies of the past small amount and it should be no prob- f and the present. lem, this radioactive material that has f TRIBUTE TO BARBARA JORDAN leaked into the Pacific Ocean from the (Ms. JACKSON-LEE asked and was Mururoa Atoll is iodine 131. Iodine 131 WHY WE DO NOT HAVE A BUDGET given permission to address the House is produced only as a result of nuclear DEAL for 1 minute and to revise and extend explosions. (Mr. WYNN asked and was given per- her remarks.) Mr. Speaker, President Chirac of mission to address the House for 1 Ms. JACKSON-LEE. Mr. Speaker, France has already exploded five nu- minute and to revise and extend his re- last week this Nation lost an American clear bombs on the Mururoa Atoll; let marks.) hero. Former Congresswoman Barbara alone the fact that on the same atoll Mr. WYNN. Mr. Speaker, the Presi- Jordan died on Wednesday, January 17, total, the French Government has ex- dent has presented a balanced budget: 1996. Funeral services were held on ploded some 177 nuclear bombs, and Seven years with CBO scoring. So why January 20, 1996. Joining us in Houston that the contamination now on this do we not have a budget deal? I will were President Bill Clinton, Cabinet atoll is worth several Chernobyls. tell you why, because the Republicans members, her former colleagues, and Yet our Government is going to insist that they want to give tax current Members of Congress. honor this man next week in Washing- breaks to the rich. The President made Congresswoman Barbara Jordan was ton? Mr. Speaker, a defense secret re- prudent budget cuts, but he protected a great American and an outstanding port reveals that in 1979, the French the beneficiaries of Medicare and Med- public servant. She was an inspiration Government detonated a 150-kiloton icaid. to us all. Tonight I invite my col- nuclear bomb only 1,300 feet below the Medicare guarantees hospital care leagues to join me in a special order surface of this atoll. for seniors. Medicaid guarantees nurs- tribute to the Honorable Barbara Jor- Shame on you, France, for doing this ing home care for seniors and for the dan, an American who cherished the terrible thing to the people of the Pa- disabled. But the Republicans want to Constitution and lived its values. cific. H 778 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996

Mr. Speaker, for the RECORD I The French specialist was quoted as saying FUEL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS present the article by William the information was ‘‘extremely confiden- IMPORTANT FOR AMERICA tial.’’ Drozdiak entitled ‘‘France Acknowl- (Mr. SANDERS asked and was given edges Radioactive Leakage in South France first acknowledged the release of radioactivity from its nuclear tests when permission to address the House for 1 Pacific Nuclear Tests.’’ oceanographer Jacques Cousteau visited the minute and to revise and extend his re- [From the Washington Post, Jan. 24, 1996] Mururoa site in 1987 and was allowed to con- marks.) FRANCE ACKNOWLEDGES RADIOACTIVE duct independent tests of the water in the la- Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Speaker, in the LEAKAGE IN SOUTH PACIFIC NUCLEAR TESTS goon. He found the presence of radioactive United States of America millions of (By William Drozdiak) iodine, cesium, cobalt and europium, but in our citizens should not be forced into quantities that were not considered dan- PARIS, January 23.—France acknowledged worrying about how they are going to gerous. today that radioactive materials have leaked But he warned that Mururoa’s coral crown heat their homes in this record break- into the sea from its nuclear tests in the was deeply cracked and could pose a problem ing cold weather winter. South Pacific but insisted that the quan- if testing continued. He said risks grew that In Vermont and throughout this tities were so minimal that they posed no higher levels of radioactive residue could country we have had nights of 20 below threat to the environment. seep into the lagoon. zero, 30 below zero, and even 40 below The confirmation that radioactive ele- French Defense Minister Charles Millon ments such as iodine-131 have seeped into the zero. denounced reports from last year of widening lagoon near the Mururoa test site seemed The LIHEAP Fuel Assistance Pro- fissures in the atoll as ‘‘unreliable.’’ Foreign likely to revive the storm of protests that gram has provided over 24,000 Vermont Minister Herve de Charette told the National followed President Jacques Chirac’s decision households, and 6 million low-income Assembly that ‘‘never have any cracks of to conduct a final series of underground nu- households nationally, including many any kind been spotted.’’ clear explosions before signing a global test- But a confidential Defense Ministry report senior citizens, with the fuel assistance ban treaty. acknowledged the government has been they need to survive the freezing Japanese Foreign Minister Yukihiko Ikeda weather. Three-quarters of the house- said he will demand a full explanation from aware, at least since 1979, that Mururoa’s un- France about the nature of the leaks. Other derwater basalt foundation is fractured sev- holds on LIHEAP have incomes of less countries in the Pacific region, notably Aus- eral places. than $8,000 a year. tralia and New Zealand, are expected to fol- The report described the effects of an acci- Today, I am sending Appropriations low suit, French officials said. dent in 1979 in which the French detonated a Committee Chairman ROBERT LIVING- 150-kiloton weapon only 1,300 feet below the Defying international criticism, France STON a letter with over 115 congres- has carried out five nuclear tests since Sep- surface of the lagoon. The blast was supposed to occur at 2,600 feet, but the bomb got stuck sional signatures, Democrats and Re- tember to verify a new warhead and to per- publicans, asking him to make certain fect simulation technology that will be used halfway down the test shaft and the French detonated it there rather than risk trying to that the continuing resolution that is to monitor reliability of its nuclear weapons. passed by Friday contains full funding A final test will take place next month be- move it. fore the test site is shut down permanently, The explosion blasted loose more than 130 for LIHEAP—and that the remaining French officials said. million cubic yards of rock and coral, caus- $200 million that was appropriated is But the latest accounts of radioactive ing a tidal wave that injured several French released. leakage at the Mururoa test site have raised scientists and guards. The document also de- This is America, and 80-year-old sen- questions about the credibility of the French scribed underwater avalanches that followed ior citizens should not be forced to go government’s arguments that the nuclear ex- three tests as proof the growing number of tests was posing serious environmental risks cold in the winter. plosions present no environmental menace. f ‘‘There is no way to assess whether there is to the Mururoa atoll. a coverup because the French do not allow The fragile state of the site after repeated THE CHINA HOLOCAUST tests persuaded France to stage its biggest independent verification,’’ said Tom Coch- (Mr. WOLF asked and was given per- ran, a nuclear-test specialist at the Natural blasts on nearby Fangataufa atoll, where, in Resources Defense Council in Washington. October, it exploded a 100-kiloton warhead, mission to address the House for 1 ‘‘What makes people suspicious about wheth- designed for submarine launch. minute and to revise and extend his re- er they are hearing the truth is the fact that marks.) f these tests were really unnecessary in the Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, every Mem- first place.’’ ber should read the editorial in the France has always contended that its un- PRESIDENT’S ACTIONS SPEAK Washington Post called ‘‘Holocaust: derground nuclear blasts inflict no damage LOUDER THAN WORDS The China Parallel.’’ It is by Walter on the fragile ecology of the Mururoa coral (Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland asked Reich, the director of the Holocaust atoll, 750 miles southeast of Tahiti, which serves as its principal test site. Explosive de- and was given permission to address Museum and the chairman of the vices are bored deep within the basalt foun- the House for 1 minute and to revise American Psychiatric Association’s dation of the atoll, and French scientists say and extend his remarks.) Committee on Human Rights. the intense heat from the blast vitrifies the Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland. Mr. What does he say? rock and traps all radioactivity before it can Speaker, last night our President According to the reports provided by escape. spoke to all Americans about the chal- Human Rights Watch, the starved children But Alain Barthoux, director of nuclear lenges facing us. The President chal- in the Chinese orphanages look very much tests at France’s Atomic Energy Commis- lenged Congress to help him produce a like the starved children in the German sion, acknowledged that traces of radio- smaller, less bureaucratic government ‘‘Children’s Specialty Institutions’’; the Chi- active material are usually ‘‘vented’’ into nese institutions, too, administer sedatives the lagoon when scientists drill down into in Washington. The President told to some children selected for death; they, the rock to obtain samples after every blast. Americans that the era of big govern- too, use false diagnoses as coverups; they Barthoux claimed, however, that such ment is over. The President challenged too, cremate the remains of starved children; leaks involve ‘‘insignificant amounts’’ of ra- Congress to balance the budget, reform and they, too, employ physicians, many of dioactive substances, such as cesium, trit- welfare, reduce teen pregnancy, to pro- whom probably tell themselves that the chil- ium or iodine, that vanish quickly in the en- vide a tax credit for children, and to dren dying under their care would have died vironment. Quantities of iodine-131, for ex- preserve Medicare. anyway, and in any case are useless eaters in ample, which can cause cancer when ingested a country challenged by scarce resources. by humans, shrink by half within eight days Mr. Speaker, the President’s actions The parallels between the Chinese orphan- and disappear entirely within 80 days, he speak louder than his words. I am re- ages and the Nazi programs to kill disabled said. minded of a colloquialism, ‘‘Been children are alarming. These parallels re- Barthoux denied a report in the Japan’s there, done that.’’ Congress already mind us that human beings, including physi- Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper that small passed legislation to balance the budg- cians and other caregivers, are extraor- amounts of radioactive iodine were continu- et, reform welfare, reduce teen preg- dinarily vulnerable to inhuman acts and ex- ing to leak into the water as a result of the nancy, provide a tax credit for chil- traordinarily capable of justifying their be- latest round of nuclear tests. The paper dren, and preserve Medicare. havior on what they see as rational grounds. quoted sources at the Geneva disarmament And they remind us that countries in which conference, where the global test-ban treaty The President’s response? He vetoed democratic institutions are forcibly forbid- is being negotiated, as saying a French nu- them, all of them. This President will den and human rights systematically clear expert disclosed the radiation leakage say anything, but he obviously has quashed are ones in which human life be- at a meeting in Washington last November. trouble performing. comes, quite simply, expendable. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 779 Finally, somebody has said some- egregious deficit and this huge debt in So, we have heard enough slick talk thing about the similarities between the trillions of dollars, and the best from Bill Clinton, because his talk does the Holocaust and the activities of the way to do that is to truly put aside not come cheap. We pay the price. Let Chinese Government. name calling and work together, work us do the real work of the American Now, I know the Clinton administra- together to end runaway spending. people and cut the size and cost of Gov- tion will not do anything. But will the The President came last night and he ernment and leave more money in peo- Congress do anything? This Congress said the days of big Government are ple’s paychecks so that we can spend has done nothing. The business of this over, and yet the budget plan he en- our own money how we see fit. When Congress is business. You have watched dorses calls for an additional $350 bil- we accomplish that, our work truly priests put in jail in China; you have lion in spending and additional $200 bil- will have been done. watched bishops be put in jail in China; lion in taxes. f you have watched Harry Wu’s enslave- Friends, let us work together. But HOLDING DEBT CEILING DECISION ment. Now you watch 60 Minutes and the same old formula of tax-and-spend HOSTAGE IS BAD POLITICS orphans being killed, and we know the is not the prescription for America’s Clinton administration has done noth- future. It is time to truly say the days (Mr. SCHUMER asked and was given ing, but this Congress, this Congress, of big Government are over, and a lim- permission to address the House for 1 where we all have the right to speak ited and effective Government should minute and to revise and extend his re- out, we have done nothing. be the mission of the United States of marks.) f America. Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, the f message from the President last night TIME FOR CONGRESS TO WORK was simple. He wants a centrist and bi- TOGETHER MAINTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL partisan agreement, a balanced budget (Mr. DOGGETT asked and was given PROTECTION in 7 years. The President reached out permission to address the House for 1 (Mr. PALLONE asked and was given his hand. It would be a shame if NEWT minute and to revise and extend his re- permission to address the House for 1 GINGRICH and the Republican freshmen marks.) minute and to revise and extend his re- slapped it. But already we hear plans Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, neither marks.). from the extreme Republicans to add political party has a monopoly on Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, the this bangle to the spending bill and truth. We need to work together, as President challenged the Congress last that dangle to the debt ceiling. President Clinton urged last night, to night not to turn the clock back on en- Mr. Speaker, last month the Repub- find some common ground about the vironmental protection. Unfortunately, licans hostages were Government em- problems that this Nation faces. that is what has been happening in this ployees. This month it seems it will be There is not any good reason why we House. Whether it is Superfund or en- the debt ceiling and America’s credit cannot put the fanaticism of this Ging- forcement within the EPA, in each case rating. Holding the debt ceiling hos- rich-led Congress behind us. Enough of over the last year we have seen signifi- tage will raise mortgage rates for the temper tantrums; enough of the cant threats and efforts to turn back homeowners, credit interest rates for Government shutdowns that waste tax- the clock on environmental protection. consumers, college loan interest rates payer money; enough of the threats to Right now the Superfund Program is for students. reject the full faith and credit of the in shambles. Enforcement within the Last month, Republicans learned United States of America. Environmental Protection Agency has that holding Federal employees hos- The time to start anew is today, been suggested, and pursuant to the CR tage was wrong and bad politics and working together, to address this ques- that we passed, cut back by 25 percent. they had to retreat with their tail be- tion of the adjustment of the debt Lobbyists and special interests, as the tween their legs. Now, amazingly, the limit. We cannot afford to have the President has said, the polluters, are Republicans are attempting to play first default in the next month in the now in the room writing the environ- this hostage game again, this time history of this Nation. Six former mental bills and trying to weaken envi- with the full faith and credit of the Treasury Secretaries, Republicans and ronmental laws. United States. Mr. Speaker, I say to Democrats alike, have come together We need to heed the President’s call. my Republican colleagues, when are to urge us to address this debt limit In this year in Congress we have to you guys going to learn? Enough al- issue. We ought to do it today. It is the make sure there is adequate funding ready. same kind of bipartisan support we for Superfund and for environmental f need from our House colleagues to ad- protection. This was always a biparti- PRESIDENT ATTEMPTS TO BASK dress this very serious matter. san issue. As the President mentioned, IN HEROES’ HONOR Every single American who has got a much of the environmental laws were credit card loan balance, who has a passed when President Nixon was (Mr. DORNAN asked and was given variable mortgage, who might ever President and the Democrats con- permission to address the House for 1 want to take out a loan, had a stake in trolled Congress. minute and to revise and extend his re- our protecting the credit of this coun- The President also looked at the fu- marks.) Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, my fa- try. ture and he said we can expand the ther, Harry Joseph Dornan, who is the f economy; we can create jobs at the hero of my life, died 21 years ago today. same time we protect the environment. MOVE TOGETHER TO ATTACK He would be tormented today, as I am, He had a vision for the future in this DEFICIT by the lack of character and integrity country which is proenvironment, and (Mr. HAYWORTH asked and was at the highest level of our Government. this Congress should heed his call. given permission to address the House Mr. Speaker, he took me and my for 1 minute and to revise and extend f brothers into the Oval Office in 1941, his remarks.) b 1230 and he held the White House and its oc- Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, again cupant in a certain awe and respect. I come to the well and listen with great TALK IS CHEAP Even liberal writers say that the White interest to my good friend from Texas, (Mr. FRISA asked and was given per- House has been dragged down to the even as he decries fanaticism, launch mission to address the House for 1 street level over the last 3 years. into his own special brand of name minute.) Last night, amidst that snow job, Mr. calling. And that is fine; good people Mr. FRISA. Mr. Speaker, once again Clinton did it again. He put heroes in can disagree. the President gave a sterling speech the gallery trying to reflect in their But it is precisely because we need to last night. So good, in fact, that I honor and glory, and that is not pos- maintain the full faith and credit of would say he has a silver tongue. Un- sible when Paula Corbin Jones is going the United States of America that we fortunately, he expects Americans to to get her day in court. And then he must move together to attack this pay for the polish. put a hero in this front row who, like H 780 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 my dad, he was wounded three times ture of our young people? No, Mr. minute and to revise and extend her re- fighting for freedom, Barry McCaffrey, Speaker, it is not. marks.) the general who was told in the White f Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, the House 2 years and 10 months ago, ‘‘We President challenged us on many PRESIDENT PRESENTS don’t talk to people in uniform here.’’ things yesterday, and he challenged us CHALLENGES FOR THE NATION Barry McCaffrey will be a superb to come together to work for a bal- drug czar, but when Clinton pointed (Mr. BONIOR asked and was given anced budget that would hold up the out that he had three Purple Hearts permission to address the House for 1 principle that has made this Nation and two Silver Stars, he could not gag minute.) great. The President also challenged us out the word ‘‘Vietnam.’’ He could not Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I rise to be responsible as far as our liability say he won those honors in Vietnam. today to commend President Clinton and our bills. on a magnificent State of the Union f Mr. Speaker, now the Republican ma- Address. More than anything else last jority is threatening to hold the full IS THIS ANY WAY TO TREAT AN night, I think the President talked faith and credit of the United States AMERICAN HERO? about family in a way that I have not hostage, if they do not get their way on heard around here for a very long time. (Ms. DELAURO asked and was given the budget. permission to address the House for 1 He made it very clear in a very poign- ant statement that the primary duty of They have said that they will refuse minute and to revise and extend her re- to raise the debt limit, thereby causing marks.) parents today is to raise our children. I think we all realize that our prob- our Government to be unable to pay its Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, last bills. night, the Nation was introduced to lems, crime, gang violence, education, breakdown in community values, This threat is no small matter, and Richard Dean, a true American hero. its consequences are very serious. An employee with the Social Security would not happen if we had stronger parents and stronger families. Already, the two biggest rating agen- Administration, Mr. Dean was at work Washington does not have all the an- cies in the United States have said that in the Murrah Federal Building last swers. But there are certainly things our Government may lose its high April when a terrorist’s bomb tore a that we can do to help these families, credit rating. hole through that structure, killing 168 like giving parents a $10,000 tax cut for If we lose our high credit rating, we people. Mr. Dean went back into the college expenses, increasing the mini- will have to pay more for the money we building four times, saving three other mum wage, protecting pensions, pro- borrow. That is self defeating. lives. tecting Medicare and Medicaid, and Worse, interest rates, even with the Mr. Dean was a hero on that day in passing the V-chip legislation that will threat of a default, will begin to rise. April. But, Mr. Dean and Federal em- help parents control some of the gar- Citizens will then pay more for mort- ployees like him are heroes everyday. bage that is flowing into homes today. gages, automobiles, and other They help our elderly in their retire- Mr. Speaker, the President did a good consumer goods. ment, help our families find affordable job laying out those challenges that Even the wealthy who they want to housing, help our communities strick- the Nation faces and I hope each of us help with their big tax cut, will be hurt en by natural disasters. Yet, in Novem- on both sides of the aisle will pick up if America cannot meet its obligations. ber, Mr. Dean and thousands of Federal the challenge and move this country Wake up Republicans. The gain you employees like him were forced to forward. hope to get with this risky maneuver, work without pay, because of the Ging- f is not worth the loss you will cause. rich Government shutdown. These ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER THAN hard-working men and women should f not be used as pawns in an inside-the- WORDS beltway political game. So, let me join (Mrs. SEASTRAND asked and was PRESIDENT SHOULD PUT HIS PEN the President today to ask my Repub- given permission to address the House WHERE HIS MOUTH IS lican colleagues: Please don’t shut for 1 minute and to revise and extend down the Government for a third time. her remarks.) (Mr. KINGSTON asked and was given Think about Richard Dean. And, ask Mrs. SEASTRAND. Mr. Speaker, permission to address the House for 1 yourself, is this any way to treat an President Clinton gave challenges to minute and to revise and extend his re- American hero? Congress last night. He challenged us marks.) to cherish our children and strengthen f Mr. KINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, last the family. Congress sent the President night the President’s speech was some- PROSPERITY AND FUTURE OF legislation containing a family, per- what like the swimsuit edition of AMERICA’S YOUNG PEOPLE child tax credit, but he vetoed it. Sports Illustrated; thrilling, exciting, (Mr. COLLINS of Georgia asked and The President challenged us to help but full of dreams and fantasy. It was a was given permission to address the every American achieve economic se- golden oldies collection of Bill Clin- House for 1 minute.) curity. Yet he vetoed the first balanced ton’s greatest hits, lines, and slogans Mr. COLLINS of Georgia. Mr. Speak- budget in a generation. from 1992. Welfare reform, a middle- The President challenged us to pro- er, the majority of this Congress passed class tax cut, and, of course, balancing vide Americans with educational op- a 7-year plan to balance the Federal the budget. In fact, I thought he was portunities. Yet he vetoed legislation budget. Our plan will zero out deficit running in the New Hampshire pri- that would have lowered the cost of the spending by the year 2002. But, Mr. mary, but facts deal harshly with fic- average student loan by $216 a year. Speaker, at the end of those 7 years our The President challenged us to make tion. accumulated debt will be over $6 tril- our environment safe and clean. Yet he The rhetoric of the candidate has dis- lion. If Congress reduces that $6 tril- vetoed the appropriations bill that solved into the reality of a President. lion debt by $200 billion per year begin- funds the Environmental Protection We sent him welfare reform; he vetoed ning in the year 2003, it will then take Agency. it. We sent him a middle-class tax cut; 30 years to pay off the principal; 30 Mr. Speaker, is it any wonder that he vetoed it. We sent him a balanced years, Mr. Speaker, at $200 billion per the American people doubt the Presi- budget, and he vetoed that. The hot air year for 30 years. Even at that rate, it dent’s sincerity. He talks a good talk, from last night’s speech explained why will be the year 2033 before we pay off but his actions speak louder than his even 3 feet of snow quickly melts in the $6 trillion debt. words. I challenge the President to Washington, DC. Mr. Speaker, the next two genera- start walking the walk he talks. Mr. Speaker, I would say to the tions of working taxpayers will pay the f President: Mr. President, put your pen bill. We must end wasteful spending where your mouth is. Sign some of the now. And, Mr. Speaker, is the fight to WAKE UP, REPUBLICANS legislation that you talked about last retain power in Washington important (Mrs. CLAYTON asked and was given night, and then let us get this country enough to risk the prosperity and fu- permission to address the House for 1 moving again. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 781 PRESIDENT TRIES TO BRING Mr. Speaker, the President last night Mr. Speaker, nothing good can come NATION TOGETHER reminded us that we are all Americans from holding America’s credit rating (Ms. MCKINNEY asked and was given and Americans are the best when we hostage to ideological extremism. The permission to address the House for 1 work together. On the balanced budget, cost of credit to American business is minute.) both parties have put forth plans that at risk by reckless statements about Ms. MCKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, last achieve a balanced budget by the year forcing the United States into default. night President Clinton reached out to 2002. Right now we have enough cuts Threatening to force the United States the Republican leadership, asking them that we agree on to give the public the into default is reckless and irrespon- to join him in balancing the budget, balanced budget they want. We can sible. It makes it impossible for busi- and to leave the policy fights until the make meaningful reforms in health nesses throughout the country to plan election. care so that our citizens can change for their needs in the credit market. However, the GOP is so obsessed with jobs and not lose their insurance, and We hear a lot of talk these days giving a tax cut to their wealthy con- we can also protect Medicare and edu- about our children’s future on the floor tributors that they cannot agree with cation funding without tax cuts to of this House. Mr. Speaker, threatening the President’s proposal to balance the have that balanced budget. to force the United States into default budget in 7 years using CBO numbers. The President was right on mark risks our children’s future because it Mr. Speaker, this just proves that when he warned us not to play politics jeopardizes the gold-plated credit- the Republican budget is just the vehi- with the full faith and credit of the worthiness of the United States of cle by which they deliver their tax United States. The public wants us to America. Mr. Speaker, please do not hold the breaks to Wall Street. The President address the issues of lost jobs, condi- Government hostage again to ideologi- has kept his side of the bargain by in- tions in our schools and the kind of cal extremism. And, Mr. Speaker, troducing a budget which balances in 7 country we leave for our children, and please do not force the Government years using CBO numbers. Where is the as the President said, we have to do it into default because of this extremism. Republican commitment to protecting together. It is time we find that com- Medicare, Medicaid, education, and the mon ground for all of us Americans. f environment? f AN END TO BIG GOVERNMENT Unfortunately for the American peo- FEMA’S RESPONSE TO PENN- (Mr. HERGER asked and was given ple, it is just not there. Thank you, SYLVANIA’S NATURAL DISAS- permission to address the House for 1 President Clinton, for trying to bring TERS minute and to revise and extend his re- our Nation together. marks.) f (Mr. GEKAS asked and was given Mr. HERGER. Mr. Speaker, it is a permission to address the House for 1 MATCHING WORDS WITH ACTIONS? great day to be a conservative Repub- minute and to revise and extend his re- lican because last night the President (Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas asked marks.) came over to our side. He even declared and was given permission to address Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, just as an end to big government. the House for 1 minute and to revise Pennsylvania was emerging from a se- Last night the President gave a ring- and extend his remarks.) ries of natural disasters that lasted ing endorsement of the Republican rev- Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. over a period of 10 days, snow and then olution. He wants tax relief for work- Speaker, that speech last night was more snow and then rain, and then ing Americans. He wants a balanced just like other speeches that this Presi- flood, the Governor of the Common- budget. He wants to save Medicare dent has given. He is a great public wealth, our former colleague, Tom from bankruptcy. He spoke of the im- speaker, but unfortunately, after the Ridge, decried the slow response of portance of the family. He even advo- State of the Union is over, and he has FEMA, the Federal Emergency Man- cated a get-tough policy on illegal im- had a chance to act, Willie’s actions agement Agency. He did so because migration. never match his words. FEMA seemed to not be able to make Now that the President has come He talked about a secure future, yet the connection between flood and rain over, I now extend an invitation to my he this very week is demanding that and snow and all the tragedies that oc- Democrat colleagues here in the House Congress raise the debt limit and in- curred all at one time. to join the cause of lower taxes and crease the burden on our children. He b 1245 less government. talks about the importance of educat- Just in case my colleagues cannot ing our children, yet he continually re- Then, of course, the Governor re- wait, I brought along a change of party lies on bureaucrats in Washington to ceived a nasty rebuttal from the White form that I am sure will be quite use- dictate how we educate our kids. Just House, and nothing was then accom- ful. like the last three State of the Union plished in trying to address the prob- Again, I welcome the President to addresses, the delivery was great, but lems of the disaster. Since that time the party of real balanced budgets, real that is about it. He is a liberal who is the Governor convened a meeting in welfare reform and lower taxes. ferociously fighting for big govern- Harrisburg of the FEMA officials, Sec- f ment, higher taxes and Washington retary Pen˜ a and others. We were able control over every part of our lives. It to resolve the methodology by which HOLDING THE NATION HOSTAGE is still the same old Bill Clinton. Our the Federal Emergency Management (Mrs. SCHROEDER asked and was Republican ideal is for a better Amer- Agency will respond in the future. In given permission to address the House ica for our kids: lower taxes, less gov- the meantime, I aim to bring to the for 1 minute and to revise and extend ernment, and power back to the people. committee process an examination of her remarks.) Our prayer is that the President holds the FEMA procedures. Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I our same views. f thought the most interesting thing the f President had to say last night was his POSSIBLE DEFAULT point No. 7. It was a very serious thing. COMMON GROUND FOR ALL (Mr. BROWN of Ohio asked and was I certainly hear this as I travel around AMERICANS given permission to address the House this country. I have never heard a (Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas asked for 1 minute.) President in the State of the Union do and was given permission to address Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, this. the House for 1 minute and to revise one day the House leadership says it He said, now that we have talked and extend his remarks.) will not force the United States into about all the agendas that we come to- Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas. Mr. default. The next day the House leader- gether in this great American commu- Speaker, you can tell how big Texas is. ship says it might force the United nity and try to work on together, let My colleague is from Dallas and Plano, States into default. The majority lead- me tell you what the American com- and I am from Houston, and we do have er says yes; the budget chairman says munity thinks of this body. He vir- a difference of opinion once in a while. no. tually said, grow up. H 782 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996

He is absolutely right. Do not take And yes, the crime rate, the poverty tleman from Florida [Mr. DIAZ- the full faith and credit of this Nation rate, and the teen pregnancy rate are BALART] is recognized for 1 hour. hostage for ideological wars. This is ab- all down. But, President Clinton knows Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, for solutely ridiculous. It has never been there is still more to be done. the purposes of debate only, I yield the done in the history of this Republic. I President Clinton has offered a bal- customary 30 minutes to the distin- think the people are fed up with our, A, anced budget which protects the Demo- guished gentleman from Texas [Mr. shutting down the Government and, B, cratic priorities of Medicare and Med- FROST], pending which I yield myself now talking about that as not enough, icaid, education, and the environment. such time as I may consume. we will push the credit off the cliff. Last night, President Clinton asked During consideration of this resolu- That would not be tolerated by our the Republicans to join him to help tion, all time yielded is for the purpose forefathers and foremothers, and the build a better America. I hope they will of debate only. American people have run out of their heed his call. (Mr. DIAZ-BALART asked and was toleration with it. I hope this body lis- f given permission to revise and extend tened last night. his remarks and to include extraneous f NO DEFAULT material.) (Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, REFLECTION ON THE STATE OF House Resolution 340 is a rule provid- THE UNION ADDRESS asked and was given permission to ad- dress the House for 1 minute.) ing for the consideration of the con- (Mr. DREIER asked and was given Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. ference reports to accompany S. 1124, permission to address the House for 1 Speaker, last evening President Clin- the fiscal year 1996 Defense authoriza- minute and to revise and extend his re- ton held out an olive branch to all of tion bill. marks.) the people of this country to say it is The rule waives points of order Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I too was time to heal the fractures which have against the conference report and gratified by much of what I heard last divided us as Americans. against its consideration and was re- night. But as I looked around the I reached out some years ago to Re- ported out of the Committee on Rules Chamber, I saw several of my col- publicans to say that we ought to have by a unanimous voice vote. leagues look much younger. It was the a balanced budget in this country. I As Members will recall, Mr. Speaker, same speech that we heard throughout was delighted to see that we got to a the previous Defense authorization bill the 1992 campaign: Ending welfare as point where Democrats and Repub- was vetoed by the President. In his we know it; balancing the budget; re- licans agree on the fact that we need to veto message the President cited a ducing the size and scope of Govern- balance the budget. handful of objections. We believe they ment. We have very different ideas about have been accommodated in this legis- The fascinating thing for us to do how to get that budget in balance. But lation and, thus, it is hoped that the was to juxtapose the speech in 1992 that that does not mean that either party President will, therefore, now sign this was given by the President through his has the right to drive this country for bill. It would be ultimately shortsighted campaign and then look at the State of the first time not only into debt but to and inexcusably reckless, Mr. Speaker, the Union Messages that we have got- drive it to a point where we default on to underestimate the national security ten before. In 1993, we heard about the our obligations that have been made by dangers that face the United States. importance of increasing taxes on the generations before us. Yes, the Soviet Union collapsed, but middle class. We got that in 1993, the I ask the Republicans and Democrats Russia remains engaged in serious in- largest tax increase ever. to come up here to this desk and to ternal struggles that will decide its fu- Then I will never forget seeing the sign a discharge petition to make cer- ture course of behavior in the world President deliver his State of the tain that we have a clean debt ceiling community. China is acquiring wealth Union Message in this Chamber, and he provided for the people of this country. at an extraordinary rate. Some project held up a card. That card was going to People have fought and died for the that it may surpass the United States be designed to ensure that every Amer- United States of America, for our Bill in gross domestic product by early in ican was part of a national health care of Rights, for what this country stands the next century. And with wealth in- system, a program that would usurp for. Let us not think we are so impor- evitably comes vast military power. one-seventh of our entire economy into tant that we have the right to turn our North Korea. Though the Clinton ad- a package like that. backs on what this country has stood ministration is providing massive The speech last night got back to the for for 250 years. Let us sign a clean amounts of oil and technical assistance basis of that 1992 campaign. I hope very discharge petition. much that during this 2d session of the to North Korea, that regime remains 104th Congress, we will be able to gov- f an enemy of the United States. The re- ern just the way he talked. CONFERENCE REPORT ON S. 1124, gime in Tehran is a deadly enemy of f NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- the United States, Mr. Speaker, with TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1996 enormous oil reserves. And there re- A GREAT STATE OF THE UNION main many other enemies of this great (Mr. LEWIS of Georgia asked and was Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, by Nation throughout the world. given permission to address the House direction of the Committee on Rules, I There are many who would love to for 1 minute and to revise and extend call up House Resolution 340 and ask see the United States on its knees, our his remarks.) for its immediate consideration. youth destroyed by drugs, our economy Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- shattered by debt. Here in this hemi- last night, in his State of the Union lows: sphere the regime in Havana, Mr. Address, President Clinton spoke about H. RES. 340 Speaker, is one such implacable enemy the ‘‘age of possibility.’’ He focused on Resolved, That upon adoption of this reso- of the American people, though many the real issues affecting our Nation’s lution it shall be in order to consider the in this city and even in this House do families. Perhaps most importantly, conference report to accompany the bill (S. not see it that way. the President extended his hand to the 1124) to authorize appropriations for fiscal I would like to commend the gen- year 1996 for military activities of the De- Republican majority and asked them tleman from Texas [Mr. FROST] by the partment of Defense, to prescribe personnel to work with him, to lay down par- strengths for such fiscal year for the Armed way, for supporting consistently strong tisanship, to build a better America. Forces, and for other purposes. All points of sanctions against that regime, like we Yes, President Clinton’s budget has order against the conference report and are now in this Congress trying to do created almost 8 million new jobs in against its consideration are waived. The against the regime in Tehran as well. the last 3 years and the lowest com- conference report shall be considered as The Cuban dictator has a network of bined rate of unemployment and infla- read. terrorists and drug traffickers at his tion rate since the 1960’s. Yes, the Clin- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. command throughout this hemisphere, ton budget has cut the deficit in half. INGLIS of South Carolina). The gen- in Colombia, in Peru and Bolivia, in January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 783 Guatemala. In Mexico, we all know the DOD conference report was vetoed by HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, subcommander Marcos in Chiapas in the President and the Congress was un- COMMITTEE ON RULES, Mexico, he is subcommander so as to able to override. Washington, DC, January 23, 1996. not offend his commander, Castro. In I commend the Committee on Na- Hon. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON, Chairman, Committee on Rules, Capitol Build- Venezuela the Cuban regime maintains tional Security for coming forward ing, Washington, DC. very close ties with Colonel Chavez with this new conference agreement DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: While in the minor- who attempted a coup d’etat in recent which addresses several of the Presi- ity, you and your Republican colleagues years and remains intent on doing so dent’s strongest objections. While staunchly defended the minority’s right to again. There is no doubt nevertheless there are still provisions of the agree- offer a motion to recommit. On the first day that the Cuban dictator at this point is ment which are objectionable to the of the 104th Congress, the Republican major- bankrupt. But if he survives, Mr. administration, I believe the removal ity made good on its promise to expand that right. But it seems we’ve come a long way Speaker, 2 or 3 more years, the pen- of three provisions, language relating since those days. dulum toward the neoliberal or con- to the establishment of a national mis- Exactly one year and a day after adopting servative governments throughout this sile defense system, the President’s the opening day rules change to guarantee hemisphere that has characterized the ability to deploy U.S. troops in peace- the minority’s right to offer an expanded last decade, that pendulum may very keeping operations and the require- motion, the Republican majority found a well swing the other direction toward ment that the President submit supple- way to break its commitment to protect even the simple motion to recommit. statism. And if that happens and if the mental funding requests for contin- On Friday, January 5, 1996, the Republican Cuban dictator is able to obtain the gency operations will allow the Presi- majority used a transparent parliamentary international credits that he is so des- dent to sign this bill into law. ploy—not once, not twice, but three times— perately seeking and that some in this I congratulate the conferees for their to circumvent the rule assuring the minority House are supporting, he would no spirit of compromise and their willing- a motion to recommit. Clause 4(b) of rule XI, longer be a bankrupt tyrant with a net- ness to do what is necessary to ensure first adopted in 1909, prohibits the Rules work of terrorists and drug traffickers that the other critical programs and Committee from reporting a resolution that throughout this hemisphere but, rath- projects in this bill become law. prevents the minority from offering a mo- Mr. Speaker, I support this con- tion to recommit. Specifically, clause 4(b) er, a tyrant with economic means and prohibits the Rules Committee from report- a network of terrorists and drug traf- ference agreement because it like its ing a rule that ‘‘would prevent the motion to fickers throughout this hemisphere. predecessor makes available funding recommit from being made as provided in That would constitute a major threat for the B–2 stealth bomber. The B–2 is clause 4 of rule XVI’’ and clause 4 of rule XVI not only to all the governments of this an important component of our overall states that the motion to recommit will be hemisphere that are now curiously defense system and I commend the con- in order ‘‘after the previous question shall enough appeasing that dictator in the ferees for their continued steadfast have been ordered on the passage of a bill or hope that he will be nice to them but support of this program. joint resolution.’’ On that day, the Republican majority in also a major threat even to the na- In addition, I am especially gratified the House approved three extraordinarily re- tional security of the United States. that the conference agreement con- strictive rules providing for initial consider- I only wish, Mr. Speaker, that this tains initiatives to accelerate high pri- ation of three new approaches to continuing administration would be capable of see- ority quality-of-life projects for the appropriations. Ordinarily, a new bill or ing that reality instead of opposing men and women of our armed forces joint resolution would be introduced provid- sanctions against Castro and sending and their families. ing continuing appropriations. Instead, the House considered House amendments to Sen- emissaries to meet with the dictator to b 1300 work out a little secret deal with him. ate amendments to unrelated House bills. In These projects are every bit as im- one particularly egregious case, the rule hi- But irrespective of that, Mr. Speaker, jacked a Senate amendment to a House bill we need a strong national defense. And portant to our defense system as are the many weapons systems found in dealing with the National Marine Fisheries this bill, despite the changes that we Service lab to attach a continuing appropria- have had to make to it, I believe is a the bill. And the conference report also tion. The obvious and intended effect in all necessary ingredient in a strong pos- ensures that readiness remains a top three cases was to circumvent the prohibi- ture for the United States of America. funding priority. Again the conferees tion against the Committee on Rules report- I would like to commend the gen- have provided us with an excellent bill, ing a rule that prevents a motion to recom- tleman from South Carolina [Mr. and I urge every Member to support it. mit on initial consideration of a new idea. We are writing to protest the manner in SPENCE], chairman, and the gentleman This rule, Mr. Speaker, is a non- controversial rule. It provides for the which these items were considered. We are from California [Mr. DELLUMS], rank- writing to protest the outrageous and arro- ing member, along with the dedicated expedited consideration of this con- gant stifling of debate and alternative ap- staff of the entire Committee on Na- ference report in a manner that is ac- proaches. tional Security and its membership for cepted practice and custom in the The first rule, House Resolution 334, pro- their efforts in bringing forth this sec- House of Representatives. However, I vided for consideration in the House of an ond defense authorization. am very concerned that my Republican unusual continuing appropriation amend- ment to a Senate clean and simple CR This renegotiated conference report colleagues have begun a new practice that is contrary to the accepted prac- amendment to an unrelated bill, H.R. 1643, achieves many important goals, includ- extending most-favored-nation duty status ing improving the quality of life for tice and custom of the House. That new for products from Bulgaria. Before this Con- military personnel and reforming the practice, which we have seen in other gress, the House would have ignored the Sen- Federal procurement system. rules brought to the floor in recent ate amendment to H.R. 1643. The Senate Mr. Speaker, I support both this rule weeks, has the effect of denying the amendment initiated continuing appropria- and the conference report. I would urge minority the rights they are assured by tions. The House—until this time—has adoption of the rule. the rules of this body. guarded its prerogative to initiate appropria- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of My Democratic colleagues on the tions, blueslipping Senate appropriation bills and simply not taking up Senate amend- my time. Committee on Rules protested this new practice earlier this month when we ments to House bills where such amend- Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I yield my- ments initiated appropriation measures. By self such time as I may consume. met to consider three continuing ap- taking up H.R. 1643 with the Senate amend- (Mr. FROST asked and was given per- propriations, and the Republican ma- ment, the House has now signaled its accept- mission to revise and extend his re- jority reported rules which not only ance of the Senate infringement on the cus- marks and to include extraneous mate- closed the continuing resolutions to tom and privilege of the House to initiate rial.) amendment but also denied the minor- spending. Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I rise in ity their guaranteed right to offer a The next two rules, House Resolutions 336 motion to recommit. and 338, went a step further. Not satisfied support of this rule and in support of with blocking all amendments including the the conference report. Mr. Speaker, I include a letter signed motion to recommit, the GOP majority de- Every Member understands that it is by the four Democrats on the Commit- nied any separate debate on the House necessary that the House consider this tee on Rules to Chairman SOLOMON at amendment. Adoption of the rule constituted conference report because the first this point in the RECORD: adoption of the House amendment. Once the H 784 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 House passed the rule, the whole matter was remarks and include extraneous staff for the tireless work they have automatically sent to the Senate without material.) put in on this bill, especially during further debate or votes. Mr. SOLOMON. I thank the gen- the very long conference period. Chair- Making the vote on the rule also the vote tleman for yielding the time. on the policy precludes any serious discus- man SPENCE and his very, very able sion of the process. The seriousness of the is- Mr. Speaker, I would rise in support staff are among the very best in this sues involved—continuing appropriations of this rule. I would urge its adoption entire House. They put in yeoman and the threat of another costly government so that we can get on with the debate hours on this effort. shutdown—overwhelmed any debate about and passage of this long-awaited essen- Mr. Speaker, we must pass this legis- the motion to recommit. If any fair-minded tial legislation. lation today and the President must Republicans wanted to protest this rule (and Mr. Speaker, I submit for the RECORD sign this bill into law. This authoriza- its repudiation of the Republican expansion my response to my good friend the gen- tion bill is the first step in restoring of the motion to recommit) they could not tleman from Texas [Mr. FROST] as fol- our defenses to the level that should be do so without fear of contradicting the lows: Speaker’s policy on continuing appropria- in place for the world’s only super- tions. The Republican freshmen have learned HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, power today. We all know that the de- the Speaker’s vengeance on such matters COMMITTEE ON RULES, fense budget has endured 10 years of will be swift and direct. Washington, DC, January 24, 1996. cuts, 10 years in a row. This must stop We were surprised that you would agree to Hon. JOHN JOSEPH MOAKLEY, and this bill stops it dead in its tracks. a procedure that diminishes the traditions Ranking Minority Member, House Committee on That is why I support the legislation. and prerogatives of the House and tramples Rules, The Capitol, Washington, DC. Furthermore, the bill helps to im- DEAR JOE: Thank you for your letter of on the minority rights you championed for prove the lives of our men and women so long when you were in the minority. We January 23rd cosigned by your minority are deeply disappointed that the Rules Com- committee colleagues expressing concerns that serve in the armed forces of the mittee under your chairmanship would par- over three recent rules providing for the dis- United States, with increases in pay, ticipate in this unseemly circumvention of position of Senate amendments to House with basic housing allowance increases, clause 4(b) of rule XI and we hope that such bills and the fact that these rules denied the with health care provisions, and many actions will not be repeated. minority a motion to recommit. other items that help make a better Sincerely, As you know, the guarantee of a motion to life for these young men and women recommit with instructions was one of the JOHN JOSEPH MOAKLEY. and their families that serve in the MARTIN FROST. House Rules reforms that we adopted on the opening day of this Congress because it was military today. ANTHONY BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, there is no more impor- TONY HALL. something we felt strongly about when it was denied to us on numerous occasions tant bill in our annual process than the Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, in this let- when we were in the minority. However, as defense authorization bill. After all, ter my colleagues and I protest what you are also aware, the guarantee only ap- that is why we have a republic of we consider to be outrageous and arro- plies to rules that provide for the consider- States. It is for the primary purpose of gant stifling of debate and express our ation of bills and joint resolutions, and does providing for a national defense for hope that these actions will not be re- not apply to simple or concurrent resolu- these States of ours, and this year’s tions, or to motions to dispose of amend- peated. I believe our position is meri- bill is critical if America is to main- torious and supports the best interests ments. The three rules to which you refer all in- tain its leadership role in the world, as of the House of Representatives as a volved emergency spending measures that I think it should. And as our young constitutional institution. Con- were considered just prior to our recess ear- men and women serve in Bosnia, we sequently, Mr. Speaker, this letter lier this month. All three measures enjoyed must give them all the support we can should be made a part of the perma- widespread, bipartisan support given the even though many of us oppose the pol- nent record. need to reopen the government. icy that put them there. This bill is a Mr. Speaker, I found it quite inter- However, I fully understand your concern start towards that. that this procedure could be abused in the esting that no Republican Member de- Mr. Speaker, to ensure that the fended the minority’s right to offer the future as a way to deny the minority a mo- tion to recommit with instructions. As prob- President would sign this bill, many of motion to recommit earlier this ably the leading champion of that right us have had to compromise over sev- month. I found it very sad that a party when we were in the minority I can assure eral important issues. But in Ronald that has so strongly and so correctly you that I will continue to safeguard that Reagan’s words, he used to say to me, defended the rights of the minority right, just as I insisted that we enshrine this ‘‘JERRY, politics is the art of com- now practices a brand of political guarantee in our House Rules when we came promise. You cannot always have it gamesmanship that stifles all debate into the majority. I have therefore transmit- your own way.’’ And certainly this is a and dissent. ted a copy of your letter to the Majority proof positive that we are bending over Leader and other members of our leadership, I bring this subject to the attention backwards to try to cooperate. of the House because the Committee on together with my views that the procedure for disposing of Senate amendments should The reason I am supporting this bill Rules is scheduled to meet today to only be used where circumstances clearly is because we have a level of funding consider another continuing resolu- warrant it. that is going to help restore the de- tion. I hope that my Republican col- Sincerely, fenses of this Nation, and that is the leagues will not perpetuate this prac- GERALD B. SOLOMON, only reason, because I really do object tice and will allow the House an oppor- Chairman. to several of the provisions that have tunity to debate the issues of the day. Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I do be- been compromised in it. But I would Mr. Speaker, I urge support for this lieve the gentleman protests too much. urge every Member to come over here rule. I support this rule because it is No rules of the House have been today, to vote for this rule and then fair and because it provide for the con- waived. We have followed procedure, vote for this very vital piece of legisla- sideration of important programs of and we will continue to do so. tion. the Department of Defense. But I hope Mr. Speaker, first of all, the gen- Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I that when we meet in the future to tleman sitting next to me that is man- yield 1 minute to the gentleman from consider rules reported by the Repub- aging this rule, Mr. LINCOLN DIAZ- Florida [Mr. GOSS], my distinguished lican majority of the Committee on BALART of Miami, FL, he and his fam- colleague on the Committee on Rules. Rules that the rights of the minority ily have for so many years been a bul- (Mr. GOSS asked and was given per- are protected and assured. wark of defense against the spread of mission to revise and extend his re- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of international, deadly, atheistic com- marks.) my time. munism throughout the world but es- Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I thank my Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I pecially in the Western Hemisphere, in distinguished colleague, the gentleman yield such time as he may consume to Cuba and Central America. I want to from Florida [Mr. DIAZ-BALART], for his the distinguished gentleman from New commend him for his outstanding ef- generosity and courtesy in yielding me York [Mr. SOLOMON], my chairman and fort on behalf of himself and his fam- the time. I rise very much in support of leader of the Committee on Rules. ily. this rule. After careful consideration (Mr. SOLOMON asked and was given Once again, I would like to commend and looking at the legislation, I sup- permission to revise and extend his Chairman SPENCE and his outstanding port that as well. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 785 I think it is important in the spirit of zation such as the United Nations. I am their congressmen, whatever they call cooperation, unity, and togetherness amazed that any administration could them, in their national assembly came when we have the opportunity to move have such little concern for our Na- to their feet and chanted and screamed, forward, that we do that, and I think tion’s military. I would hope that the ‘‘Death to America’’; and every analyst this fills that role. This is a very im- decision to take this important provi- will tell you that 5 years in the short portant piece of legislation. sion out of this bill will be reconsidered term and 10 years at the maximum, There are three issues that are at in the future. The safety and future of they will have a nuclear weapon, as stake today. One is the question of our our Armed Forces depend upon it. CBS and PBS in documentaries on missile defense national security; that Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I Desert Storm reported that Iraq was is a subject we are going to give consid- yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from within a year of nuclear weapons. erable more attention to. The other is California [Mr. DORNAN], a great Amer- We simply must hold Mr. Clinton to the question of the U.N. chain of com- ican patriot who we are honored to account for making us take up na- mand; that is in the newspapers today. have serve in this Chamber. tional missile defense and for making That is a subject we are going to be (Mr. DORNAN asked and was given him take out our provisions not to put hearing more about and talking about permission to revise and extend his re- U.S. troops under foreign or U.N. com- on the floor. marks and include extraneous mate- mand. Another is the cost of peacekeeping rial.) Vote for this rule and support the au- that the President alluded to last Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, this can- thorization bill. night. That is an area we have to focus not be a happy day for big-taxing and For immediate release, January 23, 1996. great attention on, because adventures, big-spending politicians. Here is the DORNAN ‘‘RELUCTANTLY’’ SUPPORTS NEW or perhaps misadventures as we have New York Times. It says, ‘‘Clinton Of- DEFENSE CONFERENCE REPORT had in places like Haiti, have an ex- fers Challenge to Nation, Declaring Era ‘‘I am very disappointed that we have been traordinary cost to them. We are up in of Big Government Is Over.’’ That on unable to retain two very important provi- the range of about $3 billion now on the Gray Lady, America’s so-called sions in the fiscal year 1996 Defense Author- that, and we do not have any way to paper of record, is amazing. ization Conference Report due to objections really address those kinds of issues—$3 Here is the great Washington Times, from the Clinton administration. Provisions billion here, $3 billion there for what is ‘‘Clinton Concedes End of Big Govern- dealing with U.N. foreign command of U.S. ment Era.’’ troops and deploying a national ballistic loosely called ‘‘peacekeeping’’ or missile defense have been removed from the ‘‘peacemaking’’ suddenly adds up to And here is the Washington Post, the new conference report despite the clearly some serious money and is a big issue alleged paper of record inside the belt- demonstrated importance of these provi- in the question of how we do our na- way. ‘‘Clinton Embraces GOP Themes sions. If it were not for the other important tional defense and our national secu- in Setting Agenda.’’ The era of big provisions of the report, specifically finan- rity. Government is over. cial benefits for soldiers deploying to Bosnia, Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I As I said in a 1-minute speech this I would not hesitate voting against this new yield 2 minutes to my distinguished morning, Mr. Clinton did what he did bill. However, unlike the President, I am un- willing to put politics ahead of the welfare of colleague, the gentleman from Texas, in all of the State of the Union speech- es, tearing pages from Ronald Reagan’s our troops and their families and will sup- Mr. SAM JOHNSON, who was wounded port this conference report when it comes to and imprisoned by enemies of this Na- book, put heroes in the gallery, mili- the House floor for a vote,’’ commented Con- tion while he fought to defend our Na- tary heroes, a year-ago Medal of Honor gressman Robert K. Dornan (R-Garden tion and our people. winners who, one gentleman won a Grove), Chairman of the House National Se- Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Medal of Honor 7 days after his 17th curity Subcommittee on Military Personnel. Speaker, I rise today to support our birthday on the sands and ground-up Dornan, one of the original authors of the Armed Forces. lava of Iwo Jima. Last night he had sit- U.N./foreign command provision after intro- Although there are many good things ting in the front row here, General ducing H.R. 3334 in response to the loss of 19 Barry McCaffrey, who when he was a U.S. soldiers in Somalia in 1993, still believes in this bill, changes made in this latest that there is great danger of another com- version are not in our Nation’s best in- lieutenant and a young captain in Viet- mand disaster under this administration. terests. The most egregious omission is nam, Clinton could not gag out the ‘‘We must preserve an American chain of that it now allows the President to put word ‘‘Vietnam,’’ won three Purple command and chain of responsibility for American troops under U.N. command. Hearts. American troops and their families. If we Under U.N. control the world’s best He was the general who in the White never act on this issue, we may again face fighting force would be put into the House 2 years and 10 months ago was another Mogadishu in Bosnia, Haiti, or else- hands of an irresponsible, incompetent told, ‘‘We don’t speak to people in uni- where.’’ form here.’’ They did not know he was Dornan was also very disappointed at the organization that is fraught with un- lack of a clear commitment to deploying necessary bureaucracy and fiscal cri- the commander of the 24th Infantry Di- multiple missile defense sites by 2003 to pro- ses. vision Mechanized, the point of the tect the continental United States from at- The United Nations record is a dis- spear, the Hail-Mary left hook that tack by ballistic missiles. ‘‘Fortunately, de- grace. Peacekeeping missions continue broke through into Iraq and around spite lack of language, we still did increase to grow in number, while success de- Kuwait and liberated that poor be- funding for vital missile defense programs clines and its purposes and goals are sieged nation. such as Navy upper tier which will provide ill-defined at best. There is no leader- Pointing to heroes and then taking our forward deployed forces and allies a near ship. away their pay raises and their bene- term/low cost defense against attack. With- out this funding, debate over deployment Our service men and women put their fits is not going to work with the dates and the ABM Treaty might become lives on the line to protect freedom and American people. meaningless.’’ serve our Nation. It is our responsibil- As I look at my Clinton countdown ‘‘These changes represent the wide gap be- ity to ensure their safety. We would be watch today, I see it is 362 days to the tween this administration and the American shirking that responsibility by allow- inauguration of the 43d President of public on national security issues. I sin- ing someone from the United Nations— the United States, a brandnew one; and cerely hope the American people remember who knows nothing about the U.S. subtracting the 76 days from the elec- these critical differences on November 5th military—to assume control of our tion to the inauguration, that means in 1996!’’ troops. 286 days, Mr. Clinton is going to be Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 Once again I find myself wondering asked to account for the two things minutes to the gentlewoman from the why this administration and those on that he demanded be removed from this District of Columbia [Ms. NORTON]. the other side of the aisle have fought excellent defense authorization bill. He b so hard against any effort to protect said, we are not going to defend the 1315 our troops from being placed under American homeland from any nuclear, Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, in this U.N. control. biological, or chemical missile attack. body not a day goes by that we do not How can any American really be If it comes from a rogue nation like deify the military. Yet in this bill is a committed to any questionable organi- Iran, where 8 days ago today, 200 of provision that would leave a woman H 786 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 stranded, while serving her country, with some notable exceptions. Several Mr. SAXTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank without medical care, if the medical controversial sections have been re- the gentleman for yielding me this care she happens to need is a legal moved. Although I disagree, I might time. abortion. A compromise had been have supported this report without the Mr. Speaker, I rise with some res- reached whereby she would have to pay missile defense language and funding ervation to support this bill, reserva- 100 percent of the cost. Instead, in this for the President’s peacekeeping mis- tions which have been adequately ex- bill, she would be left alone to go off adventures, and we might have argued pressed by previous speakers. base, perhaps in a foreign country and those another day. Mr. Speaker, it shouldn’t have had to not speaking the language, to find that However, the conference agreed to come to this. We shouldn’t have to be medical care. drop a section of the bill that re- revisiting the same issue over and over It is always wrong, Mr. Speaker, and stricted the President’s ability to place again. And yet, here we are 6 weeks it is always against the American tra- American troops under U.N. command. after spending United States troops to dition, to interfere with a fundamental How ironic that today we will vote on Bosnia voting again on whether we right to privacy. It is particularly this bill when just this morning a mili- should properly support American serv- wrong to toss a member of the military tary court in Germany court-martialed ice men and women—men and women to the winds in need of medical care, Army Specialist Michael New, an who are repeatedly sent to the far cor- particularly when she may be in a for- American hero who refused to wear a ners of the world to settle other peo- eign country. uniform that signified allegiance to a ple’s conflicts. This is a fundamental right; it is not foreign government, and dishonorably In my home district, I have the honor going to be withdrawn. So the strategy discharged him. Had this section been of representing the fine men and to humiliate people and make it dif- included in last year’s bill, Michael women who serve at Fort Dix and ficult for them to be able to exercise New would be a decorated soldier today McGuire Air Force Base and Lakehurst the right is the prevailing strategy of who would be proudly serving his coun- Naval War Center. In the tradition of this session. try. those who served before them, these The exercise of this right is under- We have overwhelmingly voted this dedicated individuals responded within standably painful to many who oppose in the past. I hope this rule is defeated hours to the President’s decision to de- the right. It is painful to me to see and we have a bill that America can be ploy troops to Bosnia. Guard and Re- someone exercise their first amend- proud of and we can vote for. serve soldiers were readied at Fort Dix; ment free speech rights when they are Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I supplies were flown out of and through speaking words that I find painful. But yield 2 minutes to my good friend, the McGuire; air crews were sent to Europe in this country, we do not try to extin- distinguished gentleman from Califor- and the Balkans to ensure our forces guish constitutional rights by making nia [Mr. MCKEON]. were well equipped and supported. them difficult or impossible to exer- Mr. MCKEON. Mr. Speaker, I thank While many of these service members cise. We particularly must not operate the gentleman from Florida [Mr. DIAZ- have personal misgivings about the that way when dealing with women BALART], a distinguished member of mission, they put aside those doubts, who serve their country in the U.S. the Committee on Rules, for yielding saluted smartly, and got on with the military. me this time. business at hand. Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the With little or no notice, these men yield 30 seconds to the distinguished rule and the revised conference report and women left their homes and fami- gentleman from California [Mr. DOR- on the Department of Defense Author- lies to an extremely uncertain situa- NAN]. ization Act. While I preferred the con- tion. They mobilized just as Christmas Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, may I re- ference report that a majority of Mem- celebrations were beginning, leaving spond respectfully to my friend, the bers supported last month, I support behind sons and daughters, spouses, prior speaker. adoption of this measure and urge the and mothers and fathers to carry on as As the author of the amendment cut- President to sign it into law. best they could. These men and women ting off abortions in military hospitals, This legislation deserves our strong deserve our support. They deserve the an offer to pay for part of it does not endorsement. The bill before us will re- full pay raise which we promised; they take care of all of the hospital costs sult in substantial Federal acquisition deserve the increase in the basic allow- and all of the attendant costs to some- reform, which will eliminate paper- ance benefit; and they deserve the one using a facility to stop human life. work and procedural hurdles and will COLA equity fix contained in this bill. I would just like to make part of the save the Defense Department and tax- Let’s do the right thing. debate the following statement: Not a payer’s billions of dollars. The bill also Let’s pass the rule and pass this De- single doctor, female or male, or nurse authorizes a full pay raise for active fense authorization bill. We are duty- in the U.S. military wrote to me not to duty military personnel and provides bound to do no less. cut this off. Quite to the contrary, all equity in cost of living payments for Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 of the doctors in Europe, every one of our military retirees. minutes to the distinguished gen- them and every anesthesiologist and Chairman SPENCE and the leadership tleman from Mississippi [Mr. MONT- all of the doctors in the Pacific, said: of the National Security Committee GOMERY]. Chairman DORNAN, cut off this killing. have also addressed shortfalls in mili- Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, I We do not want to do it. tary construction and basic equipment thank the gentleman for yielding me Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I such as trucks, jeeps and ammunition. this time. yield 1 minute to the distinguished We also provide additional F–15 and F– Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this gentleman from Maryland [Mr. BART- 16 fighters, which will meet a critical conference report. LETT]. Air Force need. In addition, the pro- Mr. Speaker, it is a very good bill, es- (Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland asked duction base for the B–2 Stealth Bomb- pecially as my colleagues had men- and was given permission to revise and er is maintained, which will enable ad- tioned for the Reserve components. I extend his remarks.) ditional aircraft to be manufactured ask my colleagues, do they know that Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland. Mr. and will allow older bombers, which are one-third of the military forces that we Speaker, as a member of the Commit- prohibitively expensive to operate and have today are in the National Guard tee on National Security who has support, to be retired. and Reserve? Do they know how much worked hard all year on this bill, today This is sound legislation and I ask for money we get out of this bill today? We is a very difficult day for me. It is with a ‘‘yes’’ vote on the rule and the con- only get 10 percent of it. So it is a good great sadness that I rise with great ference report. buy for the taxpayers. concern for this rule and this con- Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I However, under this legislation we ference report. yield 2 minutes to the distinguished were able to add $770 million for new The conference report we will vote on gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. equipment for all of the Reserves and today is very similar to the one vetoed SAXTON] of the Committee on National give them better equipment to operate by President Clinton in late December Security. with. The technicians for the Guard January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 787 and Reserves were raised by 1,250 peo- mander in Chief, and I think it is that people living with HIV/AIDS do not de- ple. These are the ones that run our ar- wrong for him to cede his authority, serve the same consideration and compassion mories and our reserve centers. his constitutional authority to the afforded those with other medical conditions. We have a number of National United Nations. Apparently the Presi- Nor is it too far fetched to suggest that, for Guardsmen and Reservists that are fly- dent does not feel this way, and he has some, this provision is really a proxy by which ing on these great airplanes into insisted that this provision prohibiting they hope to bring about the discharge of HIV- Bosnia, and, if they do not get an ex- our troops coming under control of the positive servicemembers who happen to be tension of 44 days, they cannot get United Nations, he has insisted that it gay. The shifting demographics of this disease paid. Under this bill, we have given be taken out. I nevertheless support make it less and less likely that they will actu- them an extension of 44 days that they this rule and this bill, and I, with some ally achieve this result, but there are undoubt- will get their pay for doing this special reservations, urge my colleagues to do edly some gay servicemembers who will be flying. There is a youth challenge pro- the same. discharged under this provision who up to now gram that is extended for 18 months, a Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 have managed to weather the unending wonderful program. seconds to the gentleman from Massa- waves of persecution to which they have been The National Guard can still do com- chusetts [Mr. STUDDS]. subjected. munity service if it is tied to training. (Mr. STUDDS asked and was given Finally, Mr. Speaker, I object to what is per- There was talk about not letting the permission to revise and extend his re- haps the most mean-spirited aspect of this National Guard use the equipment in marks.) provision: It not only deprives these men and the different States. It would be a ter- Mr. STUDDS. Mr. Speaker, I rise to women of their careers, but by requiring their rible mistake. Under this bill, the Na- express my great disappointment that discharge rather than providing for their medi- tional Guard can help out the commu- the conferees have chosen to retain the cal retirement, it denies them continued medi- nity. section of the bill which would require cal care at Department of Defense facilities. Instead of cutting each fighter squad- the discharge of military personnel The bill allows these servicemembers all of 30 ron to 12 in the Air National Guard and who test positive for HIV. This provi- days of transitional care before consigning Reserve, the bill provides for 15 aircraft sion was cited by the President in his them to Veterans' Administration facilitiesÐ in each squadron. The bill includes a veto message as blatantly discrimina- most of which are ill-equipped to serve their program that I was proud to sponsor. It tory, exalting ideology over common needs. What is more, those who are enrolled is a buy-down of interest rates for serv- sense. The Department of Defense itself in military medical research would no longer ice personnel at military bases where has consistently opposed this provi- be eligible to participate as volunteers. there is a shortage of houses. This is sion. It is unnecessary, unjust, and un- This is an unconscionable way to treat peo- the way it works. It would cover per- wise, and I deeply regret that the con- ple who have honorably served their country. sonnel with the rank of E–4 and above, ferees have chosen to retain it. It also places in jeopardy one of the most im- and buy-downs their mortgage interest Mr. Speaker, I rise to express my dis- portant clinical vaccine programs in the world. rate, 3 percent in the first year, 2 per- appointment and dismay that the conferees Given the human and strategic significance of cent in the second year, and 1 percent have chosen to retain section 567 of this bill, the advancing pandemic, this is unforgivably for the third year of the loan. This which would require the discharge or retire- shortsighted. would help the enlisted person get ment of military personnel who test positive for In short, Mr. Speaker, this provision is un- them housing where it is not available HIV. necessary, unwise, and unjust. I urge the on the base. As the President acknowledged in his mes- House to reject the conference report. In closing, Mr. Speaker, there are sage vetoing the first conference report, this is Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I also kickers for the educational bene- a blatantly discriminatory measure which ex- yield 3 minutes to my good friend, the fits for Reservists, just like the active alts ideology over common sense. It is justified distinguished gentleman from Ohio forces get for special MO’s. This can be by neither the need to ensure military readi- [Mr. HOKE]. implemented by the Secretary of De- ness nor any other legitimate legislative con- Mr. HOKE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the fense. This is a good bill and I certainly cern. gentleman from Florida very much for support it. The Department of Defense has consistently yielding me this time. Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I opposed this provision on a number of Mr. Speaker, I would not want to be yield 1 minute to the gentleman from grounds. First, the number of servicemembers in the position that the gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. SPENCE] is in. Tennessee [Mr. HILLEARY], a distin- who test positive for HIV is less than one-tenth guished and very effective new member of 1 percent of the active force and does not This is a really tough situation for of the Committee on National Secu- pose a significant problem for our military. him, and I am really delighted with the rity. Second, these servicemembers are experi- work that he has done on this bill to fi- Mr. HILLEARY. Mr. Speaker, I rise enced, highly trained, and physically fit, and it nally at least get a conference report in support of this rule and of the DOD will not enhance readiness to deprive the that will have the authorization in authorization conference report. I Armed Forces of their services. place. I am going to vote for it. But I would like to thank the gentleman And third, if and when their medical condi- have to say that it is with some great from New York [Mr. SOLOMON] for this tions render them unable to carry out their du- reluctance, particularly with respect to rule and especially thank the gen- ties, current law already requires that these the ABM section of the bill. tleman from South Carolina [Mr. servicemembers be separated or retired. Let me read first of all what the President said in his message. This is SPENCE] for his diligent work on trying Moreover, current law gives the Secretary of to get this bill to the floor and get this Defense full authority to discharge even his veto message: bill into law. It has a lot of important asymptomatic individuals should he determine First the bill requires deployment by 2003 of a costly missile defense system able to de- provisions and, I think, not the least of that their retention would adversely affect the fend all 50 States from a long-range missile which is the 2.4-percent pay raise for military mission. threat that our intelligence community does our military and the COLA equity for The truth, Mr. Speaker, is that this measure not foresee in the coming decade, which our military retirees. is not about military readiness. Had it been so, would require a multiple-site architecture However, as has already been ad- it would not have singled out service members that cannot be accommodated within the dressed this morning and this after- with one particular medical condition, but terms of the existing ABM Treaty. noon, one important provision is miss- would have mandated the discharge of all who Well, let us just think about how in- ing, which is the provision which pro- are non-worldwide assignable due to a medi- telligent our intelligence community is hibits placement of the U.S. forces cal condition, whether they suffer from asth- with respect to their speculation about under U.N. operational and tactical ma, diabetes, cancer, or heart disease. That this foreseeable or nonforeseeable, as control. would have been no less gratuitous, but it they say, threat to the United States, Many in this body, including myself, would at least have had the virtue of consist- and I will make it as current as this strongly oppose any time our Armed ency. morning. Forces are being asked to be put under Why, then, are only servicemembers with Dateline, January 23, Beijing, China, U.N. command or control. The Presi- HIV to be discharged? The answer is inescap- New York Times, says that prepara- dent of the United States is the Com- able: The proponents of this measure believe tions for a missile attack on Taiwan by H 788 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 China and the target selection to carry I especially want to point out, and asked for. But, Mr. Speaker, in the end it out have been completed and await a appreciate the attention of the chair- the President did not want a bill and final decision by the Politburo in man and ranking member, a particular would not agree to the bill because we Beijing. A senior Chinese official is issue of concern to Guam. At a time finally held his feet to the fire and said quoted as asserting, ‘‘China could act when Guam is suffering from the larg- we want to deploy a system by a date militarily against Taiwan without fear est BRAC reductions and closures of certain. Where was this date certain of intervention by the United States any American community, the com- picked from? It was picked from the because American leaders care more mitment to assist in this process is im- recommendations of the President’s about Los Angeles than they do about portant. own administration. Taiwan.’’ For the first time, Guam is included Now, Mr. Speaker, we heard a lot of Obviously a veiled threat against the as a U.S. area for the repair of vessels. rhetoric during the debate on the floor. United States, a veiled threat of a mis- It may sound incredible, but Guam up We heard this was going to violate the sile attack against Los Angeles, the to this time had to compete with for- ABM Treaty. Guess what, Mr. Speaker? idea being that we would not defend eign SRF’s for the repair of U.S. ves- A week ago Monday, the administra- our ally in Taiwan against a missile at- sels in voyage repairs. tion’s point person on missile defense tack, because we would be afraid that Again, Mr. Speaker, I commend the said that we can protect the entire 50 China would launch a missile attack chairman and ranking member for States from a single site by either against Los Angeles or New York or their work on this legislation, and I using the Air Force or the Army pro- Cleveland, or Washington, DC. urge passage of the rule and ultimately gram, which would in no way violate b 1330 the legislation. the ABM Treaty. All of a sudden the Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I Mr. President, the whole idea is that administration has no more argument yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from we have got to get rid of the ABM that our efforts would have in fact vio- Pennsylvania [Mr. WELDON], a wise Treaty. Mr. President, we have to wake lated ABM, because in fact the admin- leader on the Committee on National up in this country. There is a real istration’s own point person said that Security and my good friend. threat. It is a genuine threat, and the is not the case. Then the administra- (Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania asked first thing or the first order of busi- tion shifted gears and said it might and was given permission to revise and ness, the first responsibility of any jeopardize START II. extend his remarks.) moral government, is to protect its Mr. Speaker, I just spent 7 days in Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. citizens. That means beginning with Russia where I met with the leaders of Speaker, I rise in support of the rule the repeal of the ABM Treaty. the Yeltsin administration on pro- Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 for the consideration of the authoriza- liferation and on arms control issues. minutes to the gentleman from Guam tion conference report and ask for sup- They were not pressing me on the issue port for the bill. I would like to address [Mr. UNDERWOOD]. of an allowable program under the Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I my comments, in closing, to the issue ABM treaty. They are pressing me on thank the gentleman for yielding me of missile defense and what we did as expansion of NATO. time. authorizers on the conference commit- Why has this President not chosen to Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support tee to bring forth a bill that this ad- speak to the issue of Russia’s concern of the rule and passage of the DOD au- ministration would hopefully sign into with expanding NATO? If they want to thorization bill. I would like to com- law, in spite of the objections they know the real cutting edge issue that mend especially the gentleman from raised earlier this year and last year in will cause START II to be delayed in South Carolina, Chairman SPENCE, and terms of the missile defense provisions. Russia, it is not what we want to do, it the gentleman from California, rank- Some would say that perhaps we ne- is the administration’s rhetoric about ing member DELLUMS, for their hard gotiated too far and that in fact we no NATO and what it wants to do. We did work on this very important piece of longer have as a priority the issue of not hear that in the debate on the legislation. national missile defense. I am here to House floor. While the authorization process has say, Mr. Speaker, nothing could be fur- Then we heard, Mr. Speaker, the ad- dragged on far longer than expected, I ther from the truth. This is not the end ministration finally resort to a last certainly applaud their commitment to of the fight, this is the beginning of ditch argument, because they could not its completion and the resolution of what promises to be a war in this coun- make the argument on the ABM Trea- some very many contentious issues try, in this session of the Congress, on ty alone, because this bill originally surrounding the bill. the fate of the future of protecting the did not attack the ABM Treaty. It did Mr. Speaker, I especially want to people of America from missile pro- it in compliance with the treaty, even congratulate the parties involved for liferation and the threat of a rogue at- though many of us feel the treaty has bringing to closure the issue of equity tack. outlived its usefulness and ultimately in the COLA for military retirees and Mr. Speaker, we have heard the ad- has to be changed. They then said civil service retirees, and especially ministration say they tried in good there is no threat. also for bringing a full pay raise for our faith to negotiate with us. Mr. Speak- Get this, Mr. Speaker: The adminis- men and women in uniform. As many er, I say, hogwash, disingenuous, to- tration comes out with the most politi- Members fully understand, Guam is the tally misleading and totally self-serv- cally biased intelligence brief I have home to very many people in uniform, ing. I was in those negotiations, Mr. ever seen in my 10 years here, gives but perhaps not equally understood is Speaker, with three other Members of Senator LEVIN a political letter from that very many of our own people are the Congress. In fact, no other House the Deputy Director of the CIA for use in the service. Members were present. It was Senator in debate on the Senate floor, saying I also want to draw attention to some NUNN, it was Senator THURMOND, and it there will be no threat in 15 years, even concerns I have. I have serious con- was Senator LOTT. We invited the ad- though we requested this information cerns about the reductions in the envi- ministration over in the form of Bob for months. Two weeks later we are ronmental cleanup funding included in Bell, and we in good faith addressed the able to get advanced telemetry equip- this legislation. But I am pleased with 12 specific issues that he raised. ment the Russians are sending to Iraq the compromise reached on funding of But, Mr. Speaker, it was like nego- to be used for a long range ICBM. The technical assistance for restoration ad- tiating with a bowl of jelly, because in treat is there, it is real, and the battle visory boards at military bases. RAB’s the end the administration had no in- for a national missile defense system is are critical to building strong relations tent on coming to grips with this issue just beginning. between the military and local commu- of whether or not to protect America Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I nities. The small amount of technical from the threat of a rogue attack. We yield 1 minute to the distinguished assistance that RAB’s receive enables in good faith in fact compromised in gentleman from California [Mr. HUN- them to acquire reliable and independ- each of the 12 areas. We made a good TER]. ent information that maintains this faith effort to change language to give Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank strong relation. the administration the changes they the gentleman for yielding me time. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 789 Mr. Speaker, I just wanted to state, There were two primary issues on H.R. 1530 which the President vetoed. It so my colleagues will understand very which the original bill was vetoed. successfully establishes the conditions clearly, and I think the gentleman First, was the provision in the original necessary to permit the production of from Pennsylvania [Mr. WELDON] made bill that called for the deployment of a additional B–2 bombers beyond the cur- the point, that this President does not national missile defense system—that rently authorized 20 aircraft. want to defend the United States is, a defense of the American people— There is a key issue, however, that against incoming ballistic missiles. by early next century. And second, was requires clarification for the legisla- That was his major objection to this the provision requiring the President tive record. First, as both the bill and bill, along with the idea that he also to certify in advance that any future report language clearly indicate, the wants to have the right to delegate to deployment of U.S. military troops fence on the obligation of B–2 funds foreign commanders the command of under the operational control of the until March 31, 1996, applies only to the U.S. troops. United Nations is in the U.S. national $493 million in additional fiscal year We are now going to enter a period in security interest. 1996 procurement funds. In no way does which it is important for Members of Expressing what I know to be the this fence impact obligation of prior this House who feel that defense is im- sentiment of many of my colleagues, year B–2 funding. portant to enter a full-court press this these are issues of basic, fundamental Therefore, the balance of the $125 year to develop defenses against in- principle. Accordingly, a majority of million authorized and appropriated in coming ballistic missiles, both for the the conferees believed that no deal fiscal year 1995 to sustain the B–2 in- people of the United States and for our with President Clinton on these issues dustrial base is available immediately troops in theater. We are going to do in this bill was far preferable to a bad for such purposes. The use of the this. deal. phrase ‘‘merge with the $493 million’’ The President has given up his most Therefore, the conferees removed the in no way captures any prior year fund- solemn responsibility, and that is to national missile defense and U.N. com- ing and refers only to the use of those defend the people of the United States mand and control language that the funds for the same purpose as the $493 of America, and he is denied that re- President objected to so strongly rath- million. Mr. MCKEON. I thank the chairman. sponsibility in this bill. er than weaken the provisions. Nobody Is it therefore the chairman’s perspec- Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I urge pas- should think, however, that this is the tive that the purpose for which the ad- sage of this rule and I yield back the last that either this Congress or this ditional $493 million is being author- balance of my time. President has seen of these issues. ized is the facilitization and acquisi- Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I On both issues, however, the con- tion of long-lead items necessary to would urge the adoption of this rule. ference report still retains: Full fund- procure additional B–2 aircraft if such Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance ing for ballistic missile defense pro- of my time, and I move the previous a decision is made in the future? grams, including an increase of $450 Mr. SPENCE. If the gentleman would question on the resolution. million over the President’s request for The previous question was ordered. yield. Consistent with the purposes The resolution was agreed to. national missile defense programs; specified in House Report 104–131 and A motion to reconsider was laid on strong direction on critically impor- House Report 104–208, the increased au- the table. tant theater missile defense programs; thorization of $493 million for the pro- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, pursuant and a provision of permanent law pro- gram is for the purpose of reestablish- to House Resolution 340, I call up the hibiting the Department of Defense ing critical elements of the B–2 produc- conference report on the Senate bill (S. from paying the U.S. share of the costs tion line and procuring long-lead items 1124) to authorize appropriations for of U.N. peacekeeping operations. consistent with the acquisition of addi- fiscal year 1996 for military activities This conference report remains criti- tional B–2 aircraft. of the Department of Defense, to pre- cally important for the numerous pay, Mr. MCKEON. I thank the Chairman scribe personnel strengths for such fis- allowances, benefits and reforms that for his clarification. cal year for the Armed Forces, and for it contains. This is why so much effort Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I reserve other purposes. has been expended in such a short pe- the balance of my time. The Clerk read the title of the Senate riod of time to turn this conference re- Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield bill. port around. I support this conference myself such time as I may consume. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. report which, through two conferences Mr. Speaker, I join with the gen- INGLIS of South Carolina). Pursuant to now, has remained true to the four tleman from South Carolina [Mr. the rule, the conference report is con- basic defense priorities this House es- SPENCE], the chairman of the commit- sidered as having been read. tablished and articulated beginning tee, in bringing to the floor the con- (For conference report and state- early last year: improving military ference report on Senate bill S. 1124, ment, see proceedings of the House of quality of life; sustaining core military the Defense authorization bill for fiscal January 22, 1996, at H351.) readiness; reinvigorating lagging mod- year 1996. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- ernization programs; and beginning the As Members know, and as the gen- tleman from South Carolina [Mr. long overdue process of Pentagon re- tleman has already indicated, this is SPENCE] will be recognized for 30 min- form. the second conference report that has utes, and the gentleman from Califor- Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to been brought to the floor on fiscal year nia [Mr. DELLUMS] will be recognized support the troops and their families 1996. I am pleased that after the Presi- for 30 minutes. with a ‘‘yes’’ vote on the conference re- dent’s veto and the Congress’ sustain- The Chair recognizes the gentleman port. It is time to put our money where ing of that veto of the first conference from South Carolina [Mr. SPENCE]. our mouths are. report, that the conferees agreed to drop many of the provisions that the (Mr. SPENCE asked and was given b permission to revise and extend his re- 1345 President and many of us in this Cham- marks.) Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he ber found objectionable. Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield may consume to the gentleman from With respect to the National Missile myself 7 minutes. California [Mr. MCKEON] for the pur- Defense program, and what this gen- Mr. Speaker, the President’s veto of poses of conducting a colloquy. tleman perceives to be a tax on the H.R. 1530 over the Christmas holiday Mr. MCKEON. Mr. Speaker, I thank ABM Treaty, I am pleased that the was unfortunate and unjustified. As I the gentleman for yielding me the concerted attack on the important stated several weeks ago when the time. Could the chairman please de- antiballistic missile treaty was finally House attempted to override the veto, scribe the outcome reached by the con- removed from the report. The revised if it has achieved nothing else, the ferees on S. 1124 with regards to the B– star wars concept that the conferees President’s veto has helped to further 2 bomber program? eliminated from the bill would have highlight the stark differences between Mr. SPENCE. If the gentleman would been a return, in this gentleman’s the Congress and the President on crit- yield, the conference outcome on the humble opinion, to a program, Mr. ical issues of national security. B–2 was identical to the outcome on Speaker, in search of a threat. H 790 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 The intelligence community has reit- included in this bill that would retard Mr. Speaker, I would add parentheti- erated on numerous occasions its as- competition. Is that good government? cally that this provision was incor- sessment that there is no threat to jus- Mr. Speaker, I would suggest that we porated in this significant piece of leg- tify the rapid deployment of a missile would be back in these Chambers one islation without one single hearing. defense system at this time, one that is day, Mr. Speaker, and we would rue the The same can be said with respect to at this point unnecessary and extraor- day that there are provisions in this my comments regarding HIV. dinarily expensive. This is particularly bill that would retard competition for Finally, this bill still, still adds $7 important in view of the fact that such the use of Federal dollars. billion, not million, $7 billion over and a plan has, indeed, the potential for the Third, almost $500 million is included above the President’s request for the abrogation of the ABM Treaty. for B–2 bombers that is not required by authorization for the Department of With respect to command and con- the administration. If my colleagues Defense in the context of a post-cold- trol, the conferees also dropped the heard the colloquy between the distin- war world and during a period of time provision that would have restricted guished gentleman from South Caro- when we even shut this Government the President in his role as Commander lina [Mr. SPENCE] and the distinguished down around the issue of balanced in Chief. With respect to contingency gentleman from California [Mr. budgets. operations, the conferees also dropped MCKEON], the essence of that colloquy Mr. Speaker, I would reiterate one the provision that required the Presi- was that this $493 million is designed more time that we spend virtually as dent to fund contingency operations in for the purpose of purchasing long-lead much as all of the other nations com- a specific way. items that ultimately result in the bined in our military budget. And when Fourth, with respect to the pay raise, purchase of additional B–2’s. we add the U.S. military expenditures I am pleased that the provision to pro- I would submit in these Chambers, with the expenditures of its allies, it vide the full 2.4-percent pay increase to Mr. Speaker, that this is a weapons constitutes slightly in excess of 80 per- our troops was included in this report. system we do not need, a weapons sys- cent of the world’s military budget. But I continue to believe, Mr. Speaker, tem we cannot afford, and finally, a Which means that if everyone else in and would reiterate at this time, that weapons system for which there are al- the world is perceived as an enemy, it should not have been held hostage to ternatives. which is bizarre, extreme, and absurd, such a controversial bill in the first Fourth, it resurrects, Mr. Speaker, but let us for the moment for the sake place. the antisatellite program. What can be of discussion in this moment assume While this bill represents an im- more bizarre than $30 million to resur- that that is real, we still, along with provement over the original bill, it rect the antisatellite program poten- our friends, are outspending the rest of still commits the Nation to a national tially placing us in a position of fur- the world 4 to 1. security posture and spending plan ther militarizing space, with the poten- In this bill, when we talk about bal- that is misguided at best. tial of all of the destabilization that ancing the budget and cutting health Some of the provisions of this con- goes with gaining the capacity to de- care and cutting education, and other ference report continue to concern me, stroy satellites, the eyes and ears of programs, $7 billion, $7 billion to buy and my concerns are as follows: One, nations in moments of controversy and this weapons system and that weapons the HIV provision which states that difficulty? system and the other weapons system anyone testing positive for HIV must Next, it constrains in certain ways because we need it? Because there is be discharged, regardless of cir- the cooperative threat reduction pro- someone out there poised to attack the cumstance. This has enormous implica- gram euphemistically, referred to as United States? Because there still is a tions, Mr. Speaker; not only enormous the Nunn-Lugar program. Soviet Union? Because there is still implications for people inside the mili- Next, it reduces funding for environ- some extreme enemy out there? No, be- tary. I would believe that one day we mental cleanup programs at a time cause it helps someone’s economy. Be- will be back here revisiting this provi- when we are closing military installa- cause at the end of the day, this is sion, because it would just wreak havoc tions all over the Nation and people in about jobs in the local community. on a number of people in the military local communities wanting to convert who have tested positive. those lands to higher and better use in My response is I understand work. I But above and beyond those concerns their community, when we ought to be understand jobs. I understand the need that are specific and exclusive to the cleaning them up as rapidly and as ex- for people to have work that is dig- U.S. military, at a time when AIDS is peditiously as we can. In this bill we nified, that allows them to take care of an incredible disease in this country, find where the Department of Defense, themselves, their family, and their we should not be sending the message in the conduct of its activities, has pol- loved ones, to feed their people, to from the Federal Government that citi- luted many of these facilities, we ought clothe their people, to house them, to zens should not be tested. The one way, to be about trying to do that as rapidly educate them. Mr. Speaker, that we gain knowledge as possible, and we retard it by reduc- But is the way to create jobs to use about this incredible disease that is ing the funds in this program. the military budget to purchase expen- killing and destroying human beings in We terminate the technology invest- sive and unnecessary and potentially America, try to understand it, to gain ment program. What we do in this bill dangerous weapons systems to produce some control, is by testing. is simply fund those programs that are jobs? No, it is about facing the reality Mr. Speaker, when the Government in the pipeline. We then end it at a of a peacetime economy, of a post-cold- sends the message that to be tested is time when, in the context of a post- war world, developing an approach to to be harmed, that, in this gentleman’s cold-war world, we ought to be answer- the American economy that addresses opinion, is a foreboding, incredible ing the question: How do we convert those realities where we stimulate the statement that this Nation should not from a heavy reliance on military pur- economy to expand its employment, to be sending, because the potential for chases and militarism, and converting move toward full employment, not by your children, Mr. Speaker, our chil- ourselves to an economy rooted in the building B–2’s and building ships we do dren, and our children’s children are at principles of peace and the reality of a not need and building rockets we do stake. post-cold-war world? not need and building all those expen- We need to be about understanding, This bill, also, the gentlewoman from sive and unnecessary weapons systems. learning, treating, and controlling this the District of Columbia [Ms. NORTON], Every study that I have seen shows disease. To communicate that message my distinguished colleague, in the con- that that is an awesome cost to the is awesome, in this gentleman’s opin- text of her discussion on the floor re- American people. ion. garding the rule pointed out that this Mr. Speaker, we need jobs. On that Second, provisions restricting open bill retains a provision that would point I am totally sympathetic. Where communication in awarding shipbuild- eliminate the right of women, with cer- I am not sympathetic is that we should ing contracts. Think about that, Mr. tain exceptions, in the military to re- use the military budget as a jobs bill. Speaker. At a time when we are consid- ceive—at their own expense—abortion The military budget should address our ering billions of dollars, provisions are services at military facilities overseas. national security needs. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 791 b 1400 confront this issue? Because it is a di- Lower Tier theater missile defense sys- So in conclusion, several points have rect violation of the MTCR. This ad- tems, the Army’s Comanche helicopter, been addressed in this bill that the ministration would rather bury its the Air Force space and missile track- President saw as important issues deal- head in the sand than to face the Rus- ing system, so-called Brilliant Eyes. It ing with the veto. They have been sians on a direct violation of the mis- is doubtful we can maintain the speed dropped. The pay raise has been in- sile technology control regime. This in the years ahead. cluded. But there are still a number of administration has sanitized intel- Unlike the appropriation bill, this issues out there that would allow Mem- ligence more than any other adminis- bill mandates milestones, program bers to continue to rise in opposition tration in the history of this country. milestones, dates when things have to to this report. And though we have now The most outrageous thing about be done, deadlines for a host of dif- come back with a bill that is better what this President is doing is under- ferent programs. This is congressional mining the ability of this country to than the one the President vetoed, it is micromanagement. It is a practice that protect our people. That is outrageous. still a bill that this gentleman cannot is often questioned, often decried by When I asked Ambassador Pickering those very Members who are practicing support. for an answer, he said, We did not ask Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of it here right in this very bill. the question yet. That is outrageous, my time. I, Mr. Speaker, see no way to sustain Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 and we will get to the bottom of that funding for all these initiatives in the minutes to the gentleman from Penn- story in the appropriate hearing sce- outyears. Between now and the year narios. sylvania [Mr. WELDON], the chairman 2002, it is true that the Republican Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 of our Subcommittee on Military Re- budget for national security will add minutes to the distinguished gen- search and Development. some additional money over and above tleman from South Carolina [Mr. (Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania asked the Clinton defense budget, but it is SPRATT]. and was given permission to revise and only $18.4 billion plus 1 percent of the (Mr. SPRATT asked and was given total amount to be spent on national extend his remarks.) permission to revise and extend his re- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. security in the next 7 years. If we fol- marks.) low through with all the systems that Speaker, briefly I would ask our col- Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, when I leagues on the other side that perhaps spoke in favor of sustaining the Presi- this bill either starts up or spends up, they should start the conversation of dent’s veto of this bill, I said that 1 we will need a lot more money than increased spending with the man in the week of earnest negotiation could $18.4 billion. If we do not come up with that addi- White House. We talked about the $7 produce an acceptable bill. I want to tional money, we will have to slow billion item. It was President Clinton give credit to my colleagues on the down or stop in future years that which who signed the appropriation bill, other side of the aisle. They were flexi- which my understanding is, it contains ble on the three issues most opposed by we are starting up or speeding up this $7 billion more. the administration. We now have a bill year. That is not an efficient way to To my amazement, in California, I think which on balance is worthy of spend the scarce dollars that we have President Clinton gave a speech where support. I congratulate my friend and for national defense. It is also not good precedent to au- he talked about seeing the need for my colleague, the gentleman from more B–2’s. This is President Clinton, thorize $821 million for national mis- South Carolina [Mr. SPENCE], for navi- the champion of cutting defense. I can gating this difficult bill through a dif- sile defense with nary a word about guarantee Members he will be at every ficult conference. how Congress wants this program shipyard where there are funded pro- I am happy with the pay raise, with structured and how this money should grams for new ships being constructed the increased housing allowances. I be spent. this year. Unfortunately, we have a think all Members of this House should I know that striking all the national disingenuous White House. be, and I am hopeful that these pay- missile defense language was the best Let me talk about missile defense for ments will not be any longer delayed. I we could do, if we wanted an authoriza- a moment, because what we have heard am pleased, too, to see that there are tion bill, and I hope this year when we has been nothing but rhetoric and hog- provisions here that will ensure that do the bill we can settle on common wash. Mr. Speaker, it is a shame that there is a timely COLA for military re- ground and not repeat this precedent of General O’Neill did not confirm my tirees. They earned it; they are enti- authorizing $821 million without any statement on the floor until a week tled to it. So I will vote for this con- direct examination or guidance. after we voted on the defense bill. ference report and I will encourage my I know that those who wanted the When my colleagues on the left said we colleagues to do the same. national missile defense provisions, the could not build a low-cost missile de- But I do have concerns that I want to language in this bill, think that the fense system from a single site without express. I am concerned that this bill is ABM Treaty is outdated and a barrier violating the ABM, General O’Neill not the long-term blueprint for the de- to ballistic missile defense develop- says on the record we can. The Air fense budget which we need. I want to ment. They have got a point. The ABM Force can do it for about $2.5 billion sound a friendly caveat to my col- Treaty is 23-years old, but the ABM over 4 years. The Army can do it for $5 leagues on both sides of the aisle. If we Treaty does not bar any particular de- billion over 4 years, and both of them do not discipline the add-ons in the velopment that we will do this year or can do it in compliance with the ABM next defense bill more diligently, we in the immediate future. And if we treaty. This is all in the public record, have a train wreck coming just down imply, even imply in an act of Congress I might add. the track. that we would possibly violate or even Also, Mr. Speaker, we heard our col- This bill makes costly commitments want to abrogate or renegotiate the leagues talk about no threat. I was in like more B–2’s, and I voted for the ABM Treaty, then we may put ratifica- Russia last week. I want to tell Mem- money, but it makes costly commit- tion of START II by the Russia Duma bers, when I was at the Kremlin meet- ments like that without tackling any in even greater risk that it faces now. ing with Yeltsin’s advisors on pro- of the tradeoffs necessary to carry START II will reduce Russia’s nuclear liferation, I asked them a simple ques- those commitments through in the arsenal by some 5,000 warheads. The tion, Can you explain to me how the years ahead. missiles that carry these will be dis- advanced telemetry equipment for a This bill starts up an antisatellite mantled. The silos will be filled with long-range ICBM was obtained going weapon, expensive, a space-based laser, concrete. The warheads will be stored from Russia to Iraq? expensive, dubious technology, four in a facility built according to U.S. Do my colleagues know what they prototype submarines, without resolv- specifications in Tomsk, Siberia. And said? We know nothing of this incident. ing just where all this money is going as to these 5,000 warheads, if this Mr. Speaker, we have the devices in to be found to carry these programs to comes to pass START II will give us 100 our hands with the Russian markings fruition. percent defense effectiveness. on them. Do Members know why the This bill speeds up existing programs So for the sake of ballistic missile administration does not want to like the Navy’s Upper Tier, the Navy’s defense, we should concentrate now on H 792 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 ratification of START II and later, sibility to defend against such a threat pleted plans for a limited attack on Taiwan when it is necessary and the time is is wholly mindless. that could be mounted in the weeks after propitious, then we can concentrate on I would like to make some additional Taiwan’s President, Lee Tenghui, wins the amendments to the ABM Treaty. points. While the President talks about first democratic balloting for the presidency in March. Mr. Speaker, every year since 1959, the serious threat posed by nuclear, The purpose of this saber-rattling is appar- we have had an authorization bill. A chemical, and biological weapons pro- ently to prod the United States to rein in lot of Members do not understand that liferation, it is clear to me he is not se- Taiwan and President Lee, whose push for we really did not have an authorization rious about doing anything to combat greater international recognition for the is- process prior to that date, and it has these threats. land of 21 million people, has been con- built up since then. It is more nec- The President’s blind devotion to the demned here as a drive for independence. essary than ever, now that we are in a ABM Treaty is leaving our Nation in- While no one familiar with the threats creasingly vulnerable. His lip service thinks China is on the verge of risking a cat- period of changing national defense astrophic war against Taiwan, some China years. This is an important bill. We to ballistic missile defense is just that, experts fear that the Taiwan issue has be- should not break precedent and fail to a placebo that places our Nation at se- come such a test of national pride for Chi- pass it this year. rious risk. nese leaders that the danger of war should be Since we settled the three most con- Although the conferees have dropped taken seriously. tentious issues, the pay raise for the ballistic missile defense language from A senior American official said the Admin- troops is here, the increase in the hous- this conference agreement—but it is istration has ‘‘no independent confirmation ing allowance, all rides on this bill, I not because of agreement with the or even credible evidence’’ that the Chinese President. It was done because we can- are contemplating an attack, and spoke al- will vote for it and I encourage my col- most dismissively of the prospect. leagues to do the same. not condone the administration’s ef- ‘‘They can fire missiles, but Taiwan has Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 forts to water down our ballistic mis- some teeth of its own,’’ the official said. minutes to the gentleman from Louisi- sile defense program. We will not be ‘‘And does China want to risk that and the ana [Mr. LIVINGSTON], chairman of the party to this irresponsible act. international effects?’’ Committee on Appropriations. Instead, this year the Congress will The most pointed of the Chinese warnings (Mr. LIVINGSTON asked and was initiate its own ‘‘spring offensive.’’ The was conveyed recently through a former As- given permission to revise and extend Congress will make certain that ballis- sistant Secretary of Defense, Chas. W. Free- man Jr., who traveled to China this winter his remarks.) tic missile defense is one of our Na- for discussions with senior Chinese officials. Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, I tion’s top priorities. Despite the ob- On Jan. 4, after returning to Washington, thank the gentleman for yielding time struction of the President today, the Mr. Freeman informed President Clinton’s to me. Congress will pursue a vigorous ballis- national security adviser, Anthony Lake, Mr. Speaker, I rise to urge Members tic missile agenda this year. Chairman that the People’s Liberation Army had pre- to vote ‘‘yes’’ on S. 1124, the revised fis- SPENCE and the National Security pared plans for a missile attack against Tai- cal year 1996 National Defense Author- Committee intend to hold extensive wan consisting of one conventional missile ization Act, and point out that this is hearings on this critical issue to thor- strike a day for 30 days. just another example of how Members The warning followed similar statements oughly review the nature of this relayed to Administration officials by John on our side have reached out and tried threat, and determine the pro- W. Lewis, a Stanford University political sci- to cooperate with this administration. grammatic options available to defeat entist who meets frequently with senior Chi- The White House and a minority of this threat. I am confident that the De- nese military figures here. Members in the House and Senate have fense subcommittee of the Appropria- These warnings do not mean that an at- objected to the original conference bill tions Committee will also do its part in tack on Taiwan is certain or imminent. In- because for the first time Republicans this critical review. stead, a number of China specialists say that committed this country to the actual Let me repeat—we will not be party China, through ‘‘credible preparations’’ for deployment of effective missile defense an attack, hopes to intimidate the Taiwan- to the President’s total unwillingness ese and to influence American policy toward systems. I have to say that an article to respond to this growing threat. Taiwan. The goal, these experts say, is to from the New York Times today, page I strongly believe it is now incum- force Taiwan to abandon the campaign initi- A3, which has been referred to earlier, bent upon the Congress to fashion its ated by President Lee, including his effort to discusses a veiled threat from China to own ballistic missile defense program have Taiwan seated at the United Nations, bomb Los Angeles by way of missiles. I and policy. At the same time, the Con- and to end high-profile visits by President am absolutely shocked that the admin- gress must also begin devising a re- Lee to the United States and to other istration and certain Members in this sponsible strategy for withdrawal from countries. If the threats fail to rein in Mr. Lee, how- House and the other body would try, the ABM Treaty. This treaty’s time ever, a number of experts now express the would actually leave this country de- has come and passed. Overtaken by view that China could resort to force, despite fenseless against such a threat to the technological progress, this treaty now the enormous consequences for its economy continental United States. represents the ultimate placebo. If and for political stability in Asia. I want to put the administration on America is to defend itself in the fu- Since last summer, when the White House notice that these concessions on mis- ture, ballistic missile defense must be allowed Mr. Lee to visit the United States, sile defense policy are only temporary, our highest priority. We cannot con- the Chinese leadership has escalated its at- and they are made because we do need tacks on the Taiwan leader, accusing him of tinue to adhere to an antiquated arms seeking to ‘‘split the motherland’’ and un- this entire bill. Important provisions in control treaty which directly negates dermine the ‘‘one China’’ policy that had it like the 2.4-percent military pay the ability of the United States to pro- been the bedrock of relations between raise; the 5.2-percent increase for hous- tect itself from ballistic missile at- Beijing and its estranged province since 1949. ing allowances for our military fami- tack. This would be a mistake of tragic A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman, lies; the military retiree COLA fix; in- proportions—a mistake which will di- asked to comment on reports that the Chi- creases for family housing construction rectly affect the security of our chil- nese military has prepared plans for military so that one-fourth of all barracks do dren and grandchildren. Mr. Speaker, action against Taiwan, said he was awaiting a response from his superiors. Last month, a not remain substandard; increases in this issue will be revisited. We will not senior ministry official said privately that modernization to stop the 71-percent go away. I urge the passage and adop- China’s obvious preparations for military ac- decline in procurement since 1985; and tion of this bill. tion have been intended to head off an un- various Pentagon reforms. Mr. Speaker, I included for the wanted conflict. This is a good bill. It was a good bill RECORD the article to which I referred. ‘‘We have been trying to do all we can to in its entirety, and it is a good bill [From the New York Times, Jan. 24, 1996] avoid a scenario in which we are confronted in the end with no other option but a mili- today. But it is missing this vital in- AS CHINA THREATENS TAIWAN, IT MAKES SURE tary one,’’ the official said. He said that if gredient, to protect the men, women U.S. LISTENS China does not succeed in changing Taiwan’s and children of America from the po- (By Patrick E. Tyler) course, ‘‘then I am afraid there is going to be tential devastation of an incoming BEIJING, Jan. 23—The Chinese leadership a war.’’ missile. That to me is mindboggling, has sent unusually explicit warnings to the Mr. Freeman described the most recent that we would just abdicate our respon- Clinton Administration that China has com- warning during a meeting. Mr. Lake had January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 793 called with nongovernmental China special- them to have to resort to force; but they counter and to offset low moral result- ists. have set up the option, they have commu- ing from the strains of increased train- Participants said that Mr. Freeman’s pres- nicated that in the most credible fashion ing schedules and overseas deploy- entation was arresting as he described being and, I believe, the danger is that they would ments. told by a Chinese official of the advanced exercise it in certain circumstances.’’ state of military planning. Preparations for Several experts cited their concern that As our Nation sends additional a missile attack on Taiwan, he said, and the actions by Congress in the aftermath of troops into the Balkan region, I ask target selection to carry it out, have been President Lee’s expected election could be a my colleagues to assure the uniformed completed and await a final decision by the critical factor contributing to a military ranks of our commitment to them. If Politburo in Beijing. confrontation. If President Lee perceives you are for a first rate naval and ma- One of the most dramatic moments came that he has a strong base of support in the rine force, then you should support this when Mr. Freeman quoted a Chinese official United States Congress and presses forward report. If you are for a healthy and ca- as asserting that China could act militarily with his campaign to raise Taiwan’s status, against Taiwan without fear of intervention the risk of a military crisis is greater, they pable Army, then you should support by the United States because American lead- said. A chief concern that Congress would this measure. If you are for a robust ers ‘‘care more about Los Angeles than they seek to invite the Taiwan leader back to the and well-equipped National Guard and do about Taiwan,’’ a statement that Mr. United States as a gesture of American sup- Reserve, you should support this pack- Freeman characterized as an indirect threat port. A Chinese military leader warned in age. And if you are for a strong Air by China to use nuclear weapons against the November that such a step could have ‘‘ex- Force with an unmatched B–2 bomber United States. plosive’’ results. force, then you must support this legis- In recent months, American statements on An account of the White House meeting lation. was provided by some of the participants. whether United States forces would come to Mr. Freeman, reached by telephone, con- the defense of Taiwan if it came under at- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. firmed the gist of his remarks, reiterating tack have been deliberately vague so as to INGLIS of South Carolina). The Chair that he believes that while ‘‘Beijing clearly deter Beijing through a posture of what the advises Members that the gentleman prefers negotiation to combat,’’ there is a Pentagon calls ‘‘strategic ambiguity.’’ from South Carolina [Mr. SPENCE] has new sense of urgency in Beijing to end Tai- Some members of Congress assert that the 201⁄2 minutes remaining, and the gen- wan’s quest for ‘‘independent international Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 includes an im- tleman from California [Mr. DELLUMS] status.’’ plicit pledge to defend Taiwan if attacked, has 101⁄2 minutes remaining. Mr. Freeman said that President’s Lee’s but Administration officials say that, in the behavior ‘‘in the weeks following his re-elec- end, the decision would depend on the tim- Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I re- tion will determine’’ whether Beijing’s Com- ing, pretext and nature of Chinese aggres- serve the balance of my time. munist Party leaders feel they must act ‘‘by sion. Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 direct military means’’ to change his behav- Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Califor- ior. minutes to the distinguished gen- nia [Mr. HUNTER], chairman of our Sub- In recent months, Mr. Freeman said he has tleman from Missouri [Mr. SKELTON]. committee on Military Procurement. relayed a number of warnings to United Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise in b 1415 States Government officials. ‘‘I have quoted support of this conference report. I senior Chinese who told me’’ that China Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank ‘‘would sacrifice ‘millions of men’ and ‘entire urge Members to support it as I sup- port it strongly. the distinguished chairman of the com- cities’ to assure the unity of China and who mittee for yielding me the time. opined that the United States would not For more than a year I have been make comparable sacrifices.’’ concerned that there is a mismatch be- Mr. Speaker, the fact that we were He also asserted that ‘‘some in Beijing may tween the Nation’s military strategy able to take this bill after it had been be prepared to engage in nuclear blackmail and the level of defense resources. Last vetoed by the President and run it against the U.S. to insure that Americans do February, I testified before the House back through a limited conference and not obstruct’’ efforts by the People’s Libera- Committee on the Budget and proposed get it back on the floor and, hopefully, tion Army ‘‘to defend the principles of Chi- a budget with additional and necessary get it back to the President’s desk for nese sovereignty over Taiwan and Chinese signature, is a tribute to our chairman, national unity.’’ funding for the military. My concerns Some specialists at the meeting wondered were many. I spoke of a shortfall in the gentleman from South Carolina if Mr. Freeman’s presentation was too funding for modernization, mainte- [Mr. SPENCE]. I also want to thank the alarmist and suggested that parliamentary nance and infrastructure, daily oper- ranking member, the gentleman from elections on Taiwan in December had re- ations and training. California [Mr. DELLUMS]. sulted in losses for the ruling Nationalist For fiscal year 1996 alone, I proposed When we put this abbreviated con- Party and that President Lee appeared to be a minimum increase of at least $6 bil- ference together to get the bill back moderating his behavior to avoid a crisis. lion over the administration’s request through, the gentleman from Califor- ‘‘I am not alarmist at this point,’’ said one nia worked equally hard to see to it specialist, who would not comment on the as a necessary requirement to sustain a substance of the White House meeting, ‘‘I quality force into the future. I am that we had a Defense authorization don’t think the evidence is developing in pleased that this conference report au- bill. that direction.’’ thorizes an increase of nearly $7 bil- It is important that we have this bill. Other participants in the White House lion. This bill is about $8 billion more than meeting, who said they would not violate the However, this conference report is the President’s initial suggestion. On confidentiality pledge of the private session, not perfect. But I do point out that it the other hand, the President’s own separately expressed their concern that a po- does have the necessary pay increase vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs, Ad- tential military crisis is building in the Tai- wan Strait. for the young men and young women in miral Owens, has said that we need to ‘‘I think there is evidence to suggest that uniform, that it has the necessary spend $20 billion more per year on pro- the Chinese are creating at least the option housing allowance increase. Those are curement. In this bill we not only have to apply military pressure to Taiwan if they so terribly important for those people the pay raise and the increased housing feel that Taiwan is effectively moving out of who wish to make a career of our mili- allowance for the troops, but we have China’s orbit politically,’’ said Kenneth tary. modernization. We have increased air- Lieberthal, a China scholar at the University There are provisions I would have de- lift, increased sealift, more ammuni- of Michigan and an informal adviser to the leted and others I would have added. tion, more precision guided munitions, Administration. Mr. Lieberthal, who also has traveled to But compromise has been necessary, and such very basic things as trucks China in recent months, said Beijing has re- and the report is a step in the right di- and other transportation equipment, so deployed forces from other parts of the coun- rection. It authorizes an end to the we are giving the troops the equipment try to the coastal areas facing Taiwan and freefall in defense expenditures and in- that they need to do the job. set up new command structures ‘‘for various cludes many necessary policy initia- Mr. Speaker, let me just conclude by kinds of military action against Taiwan.’’ tives. Most important, the report in- saying we did strip out missile defense ‘‘They have done all this in a fashion they cludes a permanent endstrength floor from this bill. We said in our bill that know Taiwan can monitor,’’ he said, ‘‘so as to become credible on the use of force.’’ for personnel levels in each of the re- we would defend the United States ‘‘I believe there has been no decision to use spective services. This provision alone against missile attack and we would military force,’’ he continued, ‘‘and they rec- warrants support from this body. The have that system, that defense system, ognize that it would be a policy failure for endstrength floors are necessary to ready by the year 2003. The President H 794 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 said, ‘‘I object to defending the United 2’s in here which no one knows what to management of Federal information States of America against missile at- do with. technology. tack,’’ and that was his primary reason I could go on and on and on. I think Mr. Speaker, this is a marvelous bill. for a veto. this bill is pathetic, and I hope people It is a tremendous reform of our pro- Mr. Speaker, on this date we should vote ‘‘no.’’ curement system. It is the one thing launch a campaign to overturn the de- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 we can do today that can save more cision by President Clinton to leave minutes to the gentleman from Penn- money than almost anything else we this country defenseless against mis- sylvania [Mr. CLINGER], who is chair- do. sile attack. We live in an age of mis- man of our Committee on Government Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield siles. It is something the President has Reform and Oversight. myself such time as I may consume. resisted. Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from We are going to start the campaign the gentleman very much for yielding Pennsylvania [Mr. CLINGER], the pre- as of this day and, hopefully, at the end time to me. vious speaker, was the cosponsor on of this year we will have a defense au- Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong—in fact, the individual original bill, the acquisi- thorization bill that builds a defense strong support would be too weak a tion bill, and did yeoman’s work in get- against ballistic missiles. term—I rise in fervent support of S. ting it through. He deserves a lot of Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 1124, the Department of Defense au- credit for that. minutes to the distinguished gentle- thorization conference report. I want Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the woman from Colorado [Mrs. SCHROE- to commend the chairman, the gen- gentleman from Virginia [Mr. BATE- DER]. tleman from South Carolina [Mr. MAN], chairman of our Subcommittee Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I SPENCE], and all members of the com- on Readiness. thank the gentleman for yielding the mittee who have labored long and hard Mr. BATEMAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank time to me. I further thank the gen- to achieve what I think is truly a bi- the gentleman for yielding time to me, tleman, Mr. Speaker, because the two partisan work product. and I commend him for his outstanding of us have sat next to each other on During the many weeks of debate work on making sure we brought this this committee for almost 24 years over this legislation, one very impor- work product on the floor. now. I thank him for his friendship and tant issue which was always bipartisan Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support constant leadership on this bill. from the very beginning has been the of this conference report and urge its I must say, I like the gentleman from provisions to significantly reform the adoption. California, but I am rising to say procurement system of the Department This conference report is good for our please vote ‘‘no’’ on this bill. of Defense and the civilian agencies in military personnel and good for their I really do not understand this. The order to make the Federal Government families. favorite thing I have on my schedule a smart shopper, something it has not This measure enhances force readi- today says that between 10 and 4 today been accused of being in my tenure ness. It fully funds the operations and I can go to either room 2340 or 2117, in here or for a long time before that. training accounts and provides addi- each room there is one copy of this The provisions that are in this bill tional resources to other important conference report, where I may go read are consistent with H.R. 1670, the Fed- readiness activities. It also protects it at that point. Mr. Speaker, I do not eral Acquisition Reform Act of 1995, these training and readiness accounts even know what it is we are really which was a joint initiative of the by establishing short-term financing dealing with. I do not know where this Committee on Government Reform and mechanisms to pay for the initial costs is, why we could not see it ahead of Oversight and the Committee on Na- of unfunded contingency operations. time, what is going on. I must say, this tional Security. Those measures passed This measure contains a number of is not the process that I was proud of in the House by a vote of 423 to 0 in Sep- provisions which improve the quality this House. I am very sorry to see that tember of last year. of life for our service personnel and happen. The private sector continues to in- their families. Additionally, this con- Let me go to some of the very sub- crease its productivity and its effec- ference report contains reform meas- stantive issues. Let me move off this tiveness in this whole area because ures to generate efficiencies in order to process. In this summer, this summer they are not bound down by the arcane, maximize limited defense resources. the Pentagon lost $14.5 billion. It could convoluted Rube Goldberg type of pro- Our military personnel put it on the not find it from last year. So what do visions that the Federal Government line daily to provide for this Nation’s we do? For the first time in my 23 has to operate with in its procurement security. They do so willingly and with years, we reward them by giving them system. It is a centrally planned sys- pride. We must keep faith with them even more money than they asked for tem as it exists, expensive to operate, and their families. this time. Can Members think of an- and heavily laden with paperwork re- We owe it to our troops to adopt this other agency of Government where we quirements and bureaucracy. Piece- conference report today. The President would do that if this summer they had meal reforms just have not done the owes it to our troops to sign this meas- not been able to account for $14.5 bil- job. Today’s system forces taxpayers— ure as soon as it reaches his desk. lion? and this is the significant point, Mr. This legislation is needed. Vote So, there would be a committee say- Speaker—forces taxpayers to pay a 20- ‘‘yes’’ on this conference report. ing, ‘‘I will tell you what, the Presi- percent premium on Federal purchases; Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 dent does not want more, the Joint on all Federal purchases, from fighter minutes to the gentleman from Colo- Chiefs do not want more, but we are aircraft to office supplies, we are pay- rado [Mr. HEFLEY], the chairman of our going to give you more anyway. Have a ing a premium of 20 percent, which this Subcommittee on Military Construc- nice day.’’ We have not done that in bill is going to go a long way toward tion. my 23 years, and I cannot believe we correcting. Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in did it this year. This agreement provides reforms strong support of S. 1124, the National There are increases in here for the needed to make DOD and the civilian Defense Authorization Act for fiscal CIA. I have tried very hard many times agencies smart shoppers, as I said. The year 1996. to get that number open so we could at conference agreement promotes afford- Last evening, the President stood at least tell people what we are spending able and commonsense approaches to the rostrum and gave a nice speech. He for the Central Intelligence Agency. meet our budgetary goals by, among talked about the challenges facing the These are the guys who missed Carlos other things, providing for the in- country and he urged us to set aside Salinas in Mexico when we were doing creased use of commercial items, in- our differences and work together for NAFTA, they did not know the Wall creasing the competitiveness of U.S. the best interest of the American peo- was falling down, they have been fall- defense products in international mar- ple. ing all over the place trying to find a kets, eliminating numerous govern- One of those challenges, he said, is mission. Every year they get more ment-unique procedures, and creating a ‘‘to maintain America’s leadership in money, too. That is great. We have B– whole new system for the purchase and the fight for freedom and peace January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 795 throughout the world.’’ We all know defense authorization bill, S. 1124. Sections brace the future while clinging to the that we can only meet this challenge 2836 and 2837 of S. 1124 are identical to the policies of the past.’’ Mr. Speaker, let by providing the Nation with a strong provisions in the earlier bill and my assur- us take a look at this legislation. This defense—a defense that can meet the ances to the gentleman from Illinois remain bill is clearly an improvement over the threats posed by those who would chal- unchanged. one that we worked on before, and I lenge our interests and those of our al- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 commend the conferees for their hard lies or would threaten the liberties of minutes to the gentleman from Califor- work, but the Republicans claim this our people. nia [Mr. DORNAN], the chairman of our bill, like the one before it, embraces Mr. Speaker, speeches and rhetoric Subcommittee on Personnel. the future of the U.S. defense policy. are not enough. I regret that the Presi- (Mr. DORNAN asked and was given But the U.S. defense will not sail dent chose last month to veto the permission to revise and extend his re- smoothly toward the future, because original defense authorization bill. marks.) this bill is anchored by the policies of That veto was unjustified. The original Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, even the past. bill, like the one before us today, was a though critically important language The Republicans speak of the need to bipartisan product. Republicans and on the U.N. or foreign command of U.S. balance budgets, cut fat, make difficult Democrats came together to provide troops and the deployment of this criti- choices, but the Republicans are not the American people with what they cally needed national missile defense making these difficult choices in de- expect—that is, a robust defense that system and contingency funding, all fense. This bill does not make cuts, it could deal with any immediate threat those are out, and Mr. Clinton is going gives the Pentagon $7 billion more and which looks to the future to deal to pay a heavy price during the next than they asked for. The Republicans with the emerging threats of the 21st 286 days for that, I am very proud to speak of the need to strengthen this country’s defense. century. stand up here and defend our chairman The President vetoed the bill prin- and this great authorization bill. b 1430 cipally because he objected to working Among the important personnel pro- The Department of Defense will grow toward a viable national missile de- visions included in the bill that I au- stronger when it is allowed to become fense by 2003 and to providing the thored or fought for as the chairman of leaner, more efficient and equipped for American people with assurances that the Subcommittee on military person- the challenges in a new world order. the placement of American military nel are prohibition against all abor- This bill, however, builds up pro- personnel under the operational con- tions in overseas or U.S. military hos- grams that the Department of Defense trol of the U.N. is in the national secu- pitals, mandatory discharge of all was moving away from, like the B–2, rity interests of the United States. On nondeployable, noncombat trainable the ballistic missile defense, and the these issues, the President is out of AIDS virus carrying drug users, and cuts in the Department of Defense en- step with a bipartisan majority of this others, excellent new guidelines for ac- vironmental cleanup programs. We are House and, more importantly, with the countability of American POW–MIA’s, closing military bases all over the American people. I remain committed finally, a 5.2 percent interest pay raise country, realizing that the Federal to seeing these provisions enacted into in housing allowances, a cost of living Government is one of the biggest pol- law. adjustment, COLA, for military retir- luters, and we are not providing the The President’s veto put a lot at ees, and a pay equity adjustment. money to clean up those sites. risk. As the chairman of the Sub- Among the other provisions I have The Republicans speak of supporting committee on Military Installations championed as a member of the full our men and women in uniform, yet and Facilities, I can assure the House committee or the Committee on Re- this bill requires a discharge of service that we need an authorization bill. search and Development are increased personnel with HIV, and prohibits Over 9,200 military families will benefit funding for Navy upper tier ballistic members of the military from obtain- from housing improvements this bill missile defense, key; increased funding ing abortions in our military facilities would authorize and 68 new barracks for more Army Kiowa OH–58D heli- overseas. Risking the health of our projects would begin this year. In addi- copters and for the Comanche RAH–66 military, and needlessly taking away tion to these significant housing im- Scout helicopter of the future; condi- their careers, will hardly build morale. provements, this bill would provide tions on aid to Nunn-Lugar type money As Americans watch this bloated de- needed child development centers and to Russia, pending a screeching verifi- fense budget pass this Congress, they medical facilities for our personnel. able halt to Russian work on the evil will realize which party is really teth- ered to the past. Hundreds of construction projects in biological weapons; increased funding Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 this bill are designed to enhance the for near-term precision guided weapons minute to the gentleman from New readiness of our forces. We are con- for the B–1 Lancers; increased funding York [Mr. MCHUGH], the chairman of fronting a significant deterioration in for new unmanned aerial vehicles, our MWR panel. military infrastructure. Without an au- UAV’s. I witnessed them in operation Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I thank thorization bill, none of these projects 41⁄2 months ago in the Balkan theater, the gentleman for yielding me this will go forward and the housing privat- flying over Bosnia from Albania. Now time. Let me add my words of apprecia- ization initiative cannot proceed. it is all out in the open press. tion and congratulations to the chair- The military services, the men and Mr. Speaker, I believe those provi- man of the full committee for his very women who serve in them, and the sions that were cut out by Clinton’s de- effective work on this bill. families who support them need this mands, he is playing high-risk. We saw Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Na- bill. It is my hope that the President his last State of the Union last night tional Security Committee’s Special will sign this defense authorization bill because American citizens want this Oversight Panel on Morale, Welfare as soon as it reaches his desk. We beloved homeland of ours to be pro- and Recreation, I rise in strong support should have no further delay. tected from rogue missiles, whether of this bill. Mr. Speaker, as a matter of legislative his- they are packed with nuclear devices, The conference report fully funds im- tory, I want to note the colloquy that I had with biological, or evil chemical warfare. portant military quality of life pro- the gentleman from Illinois, Mr. PORTER, on Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 grams including family support, child December 15, 1995, concerning sections 2836 minutes to my distinguished colleague, care, commissaries, gymnasiums and and 2837 of H.R. 1530, the National Defense the gentleman from Massachusetts other recreational programs and facili- Authorization Act for fiscal year 1996. In our [Mr. MEEHAN]. ties. These programs are critical to en- colloquy concerning those provisions, I gave Mr. MEEHAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank suring that our military personnel are the gentleman from Illinois some clarification my colleague, the gentleman from taken care of, especially considering concerning the application of those provisions California, for yielding time to me. the sacrifices demanded of them in to the Glenview Naval Air Station, Glenview, Mr. Speaker, last night we heard two places. IL. Although the President vetoed that legisla- speeches about priorities and values. The conference report makes a big tion, those sections were unaltered in the sub- The Senate majority leader said, and I contribution to caring for military per- sequent conference with the Senate on the quote, ‘‘The President claims to em- sonnel while on deployments and to the H 796 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 families who must experience the dif- I believe this effort to build a consen- (Mrs. FOWLER asked and was given ficulties associated with this high per- sus between congressional leadership permission to revise and extend her re- sonnel tempo. Also, special efforts were and the administration is sound and marks.) made in this bill to ease the burden on once again merits the support of the Mrs. FOWLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in these programs that resulted from the House. support of the revised DOD authoriza- reduction of forces in Europe. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 tion conference report. These quality of life improvements minutes to the distinguished gen- It is unfortunate, but telling, that are a direct investment in readiness be- tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. the original conference report was ve- toed over requirements that the Presi- cause they aid in retaining quality peo- FRANK]. dent move toward deployment of na- ple in our Armed Forces. This bill rep- Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. tional missile defenses by 2003, provide resents a commitment by the Amer- Speaker, I hope we will vote this bill ican people in return for the sacrifices a national security certification before down. We are going to balance the U.S. forces are placed under U.N. com- we demand of our men and women, in budget. We are going to severely limit uniform each and every day. mand, and seek supplemental funding Federal spending. If you spend military prior to beginning contingency oper- I strongly urge my colleagues to sup- dollars at the rate that this bill calls port this worthy legislation. ations. As a result, this bill has been for, you inevitably will diminish sub- modified. I believe the original provi- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 stantially our ability to clean up the minute to the gentleman from Califor- sions served the interests on the Amer- environment, to provide medical care ican people well—especially with re- nia [Mr. CUNNINGHAM]. for people who need it, to help provide gard to antimissile defenses, which are Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, public safety in our cities, to help deal this authorization conference report nonexistent today. with education for middle-income and Nevertheless, passage of this bill re- was supported by 48 to 3, 48 to 3. To be working class students. There simply is mains vital. Critical military readi- fair, it probably would have been 48 to not enough money to do both what this ness, force modernization, and quality 4, but the gentlewoman from Colorado bill would do and that. of life issues cannot be addressed with- did not think enough to show up to Fortunately, the gentleman from out it. vote, and she calls this bill pathetic. California who heads the minority on In particular, it provides military Maybe if it was that pathetic she would this committee has articulately and members with a full pay raise and in- show up and vote in the report. eloquently over the years, and again creased housing allowances, it in- The President, in his 1993 budget, cut today, pointed that out; and that creases funding for training and main- military COLA’s. In a bipartisan way, leaves me free to focus on one of the tenance, it pursues needed research and this committee restored COLA equity most obnoxious aspects of this bill. I procurement to ensure our military’s for our military. And guess what, Mr. admire the fact that the President sin- modernization, and it reforms penta- Speaker? In the President’s last budg- gled it out when he originally vetoed gon acquisition policies. I also note et, he cuts COLA equities once again, it. I am very disappointed that it sur- that it spells out some very important and this is the last chance to protect vives. changes in DOD maintenance and re- those in this particular bill. That is the legislation that says, if pair policies. Let us talk about HIV. I had two peo- This bill is an excellent one. Chair- you are a young man or woman who ple in my squadron who had HIV. They man SPENCE and the members of the volunteered to serve your country and could not deploy, I could not use them, conference committee have done a you contract a terrible illness, the ill- they had to be tied to the hospital. I good job, and this bill merits our ness of being HIV-positive, your coun- could only tell my executive officer strong support. and the flight surgeon, which meant a try will reward your volunteering and Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 risk for other people in that unit. With your good service by kicking you out. minutes to the distinguished gen- Any service you have accumulated will the limited and cut-back funds, we tleman from Texas [Mr. ORTIZ]. need full up-rounds in our units. count for nothing if you are not eligi- (Mr. ORTIZ asked and was given per- This also doubled the deployment ble for a pension. mission to revise and extend his re- time on shore duty of our military at a Fortunately, the Senate intervened a marks.) time when they are supposed to be little bit to temper the gratuitous cru- Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise in spending it with their families. elty of the House bill to say that you support of the conference report on the Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 should at least get some medical bene- National Defense Authorization Act for minute to the gentleman from North fits. But cruel it remains. Fiscal Year 1996. As the ranking minority member of Carolina [Mr. JONES]. What it says is, if you are someone Mr. JONES. Mr. Speaker, as a sup- who volunteered to serve your country, the House Subcommittee on Military porter of the original conference re- volunteered to join the armed services, Installations and Facilities, I am proud of key elements of this bill which af- port, I would like to express my strong but you become seriously ill with HIV, fect the military construction program support for this new and improved ver- we will treat you as callously and as and focus on improving the quality of sion of the 1996 Department of Defense coldly as it is possible for a society to life for military personnel and their conference report. treat you. Out you will go. Out you will families. This legislation, as my colleagues go. People who said, well, that about their ability to do things. This bill would provide both short- well know, is critical both to the func- and long-term solutions to a critical The military now has the power to tions of the Department, as well as to problem that impacts the retention say, you have reached the point of dis- the men and women in uniform, who and readiness of our Armed Forces. diligently serve this Nation. As has ability, you must leave. This means By focusing on improvements to been stated time and again, this con- that well before that point people who troop and military families, and set- ference report provides a 2.4-percent are HIV-positive will be subjected to ting strict priorities within the mili- pay raise, increases family housing, this incredible, callous cruelty, and it tary construction program, we ensure improves health care for military de- means that there will be no chance that the housing backlog is addressed pendents, and funds overdue COLA eq- that the military now has to reassign and quality of life is improved. uity for military retirees. people, to make use of their talents Furthermore, the bill includes a se- While the original conference report while they are still in a healthy phase. ries of new authorities which would en- garnered the support of both the House The military has a knack for this. It is courage the private sector to develop and Senate, the President vetoed the an example of bigotry that dishonors housing for unaccompanied personnel measure. Chairman SPENCE has this House. and military families at installations brought back to this House a con- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 where there is a certified shortage of ference report that adequately deals minutes to the gentlewoman from quality housing. with the President’s concerns, while Jacksonville, FL [Mrs. FOWLER], a new This initiative has strong bipartisan carefully balancing the priorities of and very valuable member of our com- support, including the support of the this Congress. mittee. Secretary of Defense. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 797

This bill is not perfect, but it is a SPENCE] for his leadership on this bill. through in order to get us where we are good bill that places priority on im- I wanted just to confirm what we have today with a good conference report on proving readiness and the quality of discussed earlier with respect to the a good defense authorization bill, and life programs that impact our person- ballistic missile defense that is so im- one that I understand even the Presi- nel and their families. portant to the national security of our dent is prepared to agree to. I urge my colleagues to join me in country, and that even though we have The gentleman deserves a tremen- support of the bill. obviously lost this opportunity to build dous amount of credit for the contribu- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 11⁄2 that up in this bill, that it is the inten- tion that he has made to our national minutes to the gentleman from Kansas tion of the Committee on National Se- defense effort over all these years and [Mr. TIAHRT]. curity to move forward as one of its in bringing this particular bill to us Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, I thank top priorities to have hearings on a na- today. I compliment the gentleman and the gentleman for yielding me this tional missile defense system and do appreciate our friendship and profes- time. that in the second term of the 104th sional relationship. I would ask the gentleman from Cali- Congress. One of the items in this bill is some- UNTER] to join me in a col- fornia [Mr. H Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, if the thing that most of us have been con- loquy. gentleman will yield, I would like to cerned about, and that is what we refer Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from assure the gentleman that we are going to as COLA equity for retired military North Dakota [Mr. POMEROY] and I are to revisit this question. It is a very im- personnel. We thought we had this among several Members of Congress problem of equity corrected several portant question. The people of this who have been seriously concerned times during the year, but each time country do not realize that we are not about the administration’s proposal to the arrangement fell apart. But Chair- defenders right now against interconti- retire almost one-third of our Nation’s man SPENCE stuck to his guns in this nental ballistic missiles, and when B–52 force. I am pleased that the con- bill, and I would like to announce this they find out, as they have found out, ference report prohibits the Depart- to the 323 of our colleagues who have many of them, that we are not de- ment of Defense from retiring or pre- cosponsored H.R. 2664, to accomplish fended properly, they become very paring to retire any B–52H’s in fiscal COLA equity for our retired military. much concerned and want to know year 1996. The committee directs the This bill does what 2664 intended to do, why. Air Force to retain in an attrition re- and I thank the chairman and ranking We are going to have hearings. At serve status the 28 B–52H bombers that member for including it and insisting some time during this next year, we would otherwise be retired. that it be included in this bill. Hope- I yield to the distinguished chairman are going to point this problem up even fully the President will understand the of the Subcommittee on Military Pro- further, and I assure the gentleman importance of that and will sign this curement again to further explain the that we will go into great detail in pro- bill and let it become law. committee’s intent with regard to the moting this new initiative next year. Again, I appreciate the working rela- number and status of B–52’s to be b 1445 tionship that our two committees have maintained under this bill. Mr. HOKE. I really appreciate that. had, our respective members and staffs Mr. HUNTER. The B–52 is still our As the gentleman knows, I am the au- have had, a good working relationship Nation’s most capable and only dual- thor of H.R. 2483, the Defend America to provide for the security of our Na- role bomber and provides substantial Act. I appreciate the gentleman’s sup- tion, the well-being of those who serve conventional firepower and a strong port on that, and especially in light of us in the uniform of the United States, nuclear deterrent. The committee be- this veiled threat from Chinese offi- and to get the best deal we can for the lieves that maintaining the current in- taxpayer who has to pay for it all. cials. I think it is terribly important ventory of 94 B–52’s is a cost-effective Mr. Speaker, there were very many things I that we move this forward. I thank the investment in our Nation’s defense. found disturbing about President Clinton's first gentleman very much for his leader- Accordingly, the committee report budget enacted in 1993. There were the new ship. directs the Air Force to retain in attri- taxes, the increase in the Social Security earn- Mr. SPENCE. I thank the gentleman tion reserve the 28 B–52’s programmed ings limitation, real cuts in Medicare spending, for his contribution. for retirement in the Department of and the failure of the President to seriously Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the Defense budget request. With the funds address the deficit. However, nothing in that gentleman from Florida [Mr. YOUNG] authorized under the bill, the commit- budget seemed more outrageous than to treat who is chairman of the Subcommittee tee expects the Air Force to keep the 28 our Nation's retired military personnel as sec- on National Security of the Committee attrition reserve aircraft at their cur- ond-class citizens when it came to their retire- on Appropriations, a very valuable rent operational B–52 bases, main- ment pay. Member of this House and a very tained ready to fly and cycled through As one of this Congress' strongest advo- strong supporter of national defense. the active squadrons. cates for those who serve and have served in Mr. TIAHRT. I thank the chairman Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, our Nation's Armed Forces, I found it deplor- for providing his leadership and for this as I rise in support of this conference able that the President and the Congress important clarification. report, I want to say a special word would ask those who have sacrificed so much Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman about the gentleman from South Caro- for this country to bear an unfair burden in ef- from North Dakota [Mr. POMEROY]. lina, Chairman FLOYD SPENCE. Chair- forts to reduce the deficit. In fact, I would Mr. POMEROY. I thank the gen- man SPENCE and the gentleman from argue at length with anyone who suggests we tleman for yielding, and I would like to California, Mr. DELLUMS, and I came to should delay cost-of-living adjustments compliment both the chairman and the the Congress together in the 92d Con- [COLA's] to military retirees as a means to gentleman from Kansas for their ef- gress. We were all assigned to the Com- help balance the budget. But I will fight to the forts to support a long-range bomber mittee on Armed Services and we have bitter end against those who would do so force that meets our mission require- all worked closely together since that while treating other Federal retirees differently. ments, and for this very important op- time in behalf of our Nation’s security Unfortunately, this was exactly what the Presi- portunity to clarify congressional in- and those who provide the Nation’s se- dent's budget did as civilian retirees and mili- tent relative to B–52’s. curity. tary retirees were set on different COLA It is the directive of this authoriza- In the last year since the gentleman schedules all in the name of deficit reduction. tion bill that the full fleet of 94 B–52’s from South Carolina [Mr. SPENCE] and Many of us in this Congress and throughout will be retagged. This is vital because I assumed our respective chairman- our Nation have been engaged in the battle it is our most versatile, cost-effective ships, we have worked together on a for equity between civilian and military retirees and only battle-tested bomber. daily basis, and I think in an unusual since then. Fighting along side national and Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 partnership between authorizers and local veterans and military organizations we minute to the gentleman from Ohio appropriators that does not always began in opposition to the President's 1993 [Mr. HOKE]. happen here. I want to compliment the budget. Then, 2 years ago we fought and suc- Mr. HOKE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman. I know the rigors and the ceeded in eliminating the disparity in 1995 by gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. trials that the gentleman has gone providing funds for an April COLA. H 798 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 Last year, while the President refused to in- They did not request the number of B– well over $200-some odd, and leveled clude language in his budget request repeal- 2’s, they did not request the number of out at $300 billion during the decade of ing the COLA changes, the Congress took its F–22’s. Everyone who studies those is- the 1980’s. So I would remind my col- own action by restoring equality in the 1996 sues knows those are not the aircraft leagues, compared to what? We never Defense authorization bill. Although the Presi- we need in order to deal with the should have been spending $300 billion dent vetoed this bill, the legislation we con- threat that the United States of Amer- a year on the military budget. To now sider today will again ensure that military retir- ica faces today. I am in favor of a spend $275 billion a year in the context ees receive their COLA's in April of this year, strong national defense, the gentleman of the post-cold-war world, when there and in January in 1997 and 1998, the same from California is in favor of a strong is no Soviet Union and when there is dates that civilians will receive their COLA's. national defense, but not a wasteful na- no strategic threat out there to the Since this Congress began more than a tional defense. United States, is an appalling state- year ago, the new leadership of this House Mr. Speaker, there are homeless peo- ment. has made it a priority to end the inequity vis- ple on the streets of our country, hous- I would finally like to conclude with ited upon our Nation's military retirees by that ing residents that came and stood on this on a very personal note. I take 1993 budget. When our efforts to solve this the steps of this Capitol just yesterday, great pride, Mr. Speaker, in not at- problem in November became bogged down whose budget has been cut by $7.5 or $8 tacking Members of Congress on this in the politics of a balanced budget and the billion without a hearing, the same floor. If we want to debate, I am pre- 1996 Defense Authorization bill had stalled, I level of overspending that is occurring pared to debate anybody in the Cham- introduced a free-standing bill, H.R. 2664, to in this bill. Why is it that we have a ber on the substantive issue. That is restore parity between military and civilian country that wants to overspend on na- my job and responsibility. I would sim- COLA's. In 4 legislative days more than 250 tional defense, go beyond what is rec- ply admonish my colleagues that when Members of Congress cosponsored this bill. ommended by the greatest experts in we disagree, as ardently and as emo- Today there are over 320 cosponsors. this country, and yet go ahead and cut tionally as we disagree, we should Mr. Speaker, as press reports indicate that the most vulnerable people in this never call into play the motives of any the Secretary of Defense will recommend the country? We go out and not only cut individual Member or we should never President sign this new defense measure, the housing budget, but we cut the challenge any individual Member of supporting the conference report will be a homeless budget as well. Congress, particularly when they are major step toward restoring fairness to the Mr. Speaker, I submit that it is time not there to defend themselves. I think way we treat both military and civilian retirees. for us to have a country that looks for- we ought to be about our business with I urge every one of my colleagues in the ward and recognizes that by investing a much more dignified fashion. I think House to support the legislation before us in our people we can have a strong na- when we elevate the level of the debate today and help bring a successful conclusion tional defense and a strong society as to substance and policy and priorities, to our efforts to end this inequity once and for well. we are at our highest and best. When all. Let's treat our military retirees with the fair- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 we reduce ourselves to personalities, it ness, dignity, and respect they so rightly de- minute to the gentleman from Mis- seems to me that is when we are not serve. sissippi [Mr. TAYLOR]. reflecting the best face of the most de- Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 Mr. TAYLOR of Mississippi. Mr. liberative body in the world. minutes to my distinguished colleague, Speaker, I hope my friend, the gen- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield the gentleman from Massachusetts tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. KEN- myself the balance of my time. [Mr. KENNEDY]. NEDY], will listen, because the Depart- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. ment of Defense budget is the only tleman from South Carolina is recog- Speaker, as I heard the gentleman from budget out of the entire U.S. budget nized for 11⁄2 minutes. Florida [Mr. YOUNG] talk eloquently that has been cut in real terms by over Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I would about the gentleman from South Caro- 10 percent in the past 5 years. When I like to thank all of the Members on the lina [Mr. SPENCE] and the contribu- first got to Congress, it was $300 billion Committee on National Security and tions that the two of them have made a year. This year it is about $275 bil- all the staff for the hard work they to this bill, I think it is important to lion. have done over a long period of time. also recognize the contributions that There are hundreds of thousands of On both sides of the aisle we have done the gentleman from California [Mr. young men and women who want to our job. DELLUMS], the ranking member on serve their country who have been in- The gentleman from California [Mr. Armed Services, has made to this voluntarily discharged or not had their DELLUMS] and I came to Washington, whole process. The gentleman from contracts renewed because of at the same time, as has been men- California not only served his country downsizing. The point of the matter is tioned a while ago. We come to the in the call to the military, but has the Department of Defense is smaller, table sometimes from different per- served for many, many years on this and they are doing a better job with spectives, but we have gotten along committee and was chairman of this what they have. over the years. Mr. DELLUMS was chair- committee and has very strong dis- I want to compliment the chairman man the last time and I was ranking agreements with the priorities that and ranking member for doing the best member. This time the situation is re- have been set. Yet, nevertheless, as job that we could with the funds that versed. I have always enjoyed our chairman of the Committee on Na- we have. I want to encourage my col- working relationship. I believe very tional Security, there is no one who leagues to vote for this bill. It is our strongly in what the gentleman be- took a bigger hit in his own district job to decide where that money should lieves in, and that is he is to to express than the gentleman did in trying to be spent, and without this bill, the himself and maintain his position. He downsize the military of this country. President will make that decision, not does it very well, better than anybody I think it is interesting, last evening us. I know, as a matter of fact. I respect perhaps the greatest applause line that Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I yield him for that. we heard was in the notion of ending myself the balance of my time. Mr. Speaker, this conference report the Lyndon Johnson big Government The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. started out a good while ago as a bipar- programs. It was not applause that just INGLIS of South Carolina). The gen- tisan effort on our committee. We got came from this side of the aisle; it tleman from California is recognized a good vote out of our committee in came from the Republican side of the for 1 minute. the very beginning. I think by the vote aisle. Yet the first bill that we bring up Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, let me we will have today we will show this when we talk about downsizing Gov- say very quickly to my distinguished will be a bipartisan effort again. ernment, the first bill we bring up, colleague from Mississippi that the $275 But I want to remind my colleagues, adds $7 billion more to the deficit of billion is against the backdrop of $300 as I said earlier, we still revisit two this country than the Joint Chiefs of billion a year that began during the very important questions, national Staff in all of their wisdom requested Reagan era, when this military budget missile defense and the U.N. command of the Congress of the United States. skyrocketed from $173 billion, went up and control of our troops. These things January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 799 will be revisited in the future, and peo- by many communities, but abroad the same testing positive for a virus is a patently inequi- ple will have a chance to express them- rules and sacrifice are not advanced. table action is clearly based on a prejudicial selves at length. We need to reexamine the way we deploy attitude towards HIV. Further, we owe it to the Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition and operate our forces in the world. We need American people to not add fuel to the fire of to the conference report. to define their mission for today and tomorrow hysteria concerning HIV. If otherwise capable This bill is virtually identical to the defense as has been done in the Bosnian operation of performing their duties, our servicemembers authorization the Congress approved last with just a 1-year mission. Our allies must as- deserve the right to continue defending our month. The bill was unacceptable then and re- sist further with the heavy lifting involved with Nation. mains so today. providing them security. Clearly military spend- Second, this conference report denies mili- Like its predecessor, the defense authoriza- ing should not be increasing while other nec- tary personnel or dependents the right to ob- tion before us today calls for spending $7 bil- essary programs are deeply cut. tain safe, legal abortions at overseas U.S. mili- lion more than the amount requested by the This bill authorizes the spending laid out in tary facilities, except in cases of incest, rape, Secretary of Defense. Like the first defense the Defense appropriations bill. While a man- or danger to the life of the mother. I must ar- authorization, this bill contains $493 million to dated antimissile defense system was re- dently protest the denial of a basic constitu- begin procurement of additional B±2 bomb- moved from the bill, the billions of added dol- tional right to the military women who so dili- ersÐa plane the Defense Department insists it lars in spending, dollars that the Pentagon did gently protect our vital national security inter- does not need. not request, remains in the measure. The shift ests by serving overseas. Servicemembers In fairness to the bill's authors, the con- to national missile defense is still contained in deserve the very best we have to offer, in all ference report before us drops the require- this bill. B±2 planes not requested by the Pen- regards. We simply cannot deny them the very ment that the United States deploy a national tagon are authorized, $493 million more than same civil rights we grant every other Amer- ballistic missile defense system by the year was requested. Other new planes and weap- ican, the rights they are sworn to defend with 2003. I applaud this change. There is serious ons systems are also included, contrary to our their lives. Anything less would be to reduce doubt as to whether an effective missile de- needs in the view of the Pentagon. This new military women to the rank of second-class fense system could be ready for deployment spending is not necessary and if we reas- citizens. in 7 short years. Surely it makes more sense sessed our security relationships with our al- The members of the armed services per- to continue our program to develop an effec- lies, if we shared this defense responsibility form a necessary and vital function in defend- tive missile defense system before we pre- more equitably, even more dollars could be ing our national interests and our liberty. Just maturely mandate its deployment. taken from these accounts. But the fact is that as they struggle to protect our Nation, we In addition, deployment of a national system even after the Pentagon has stated its opposi- must endeavor to protect their fundamental would almost certainly violate the Anti-ballistic tion to numerous programs, a small miracle in human rights. Missile Treaty, perhaps with the result of jeop- and of itself, this 104th Congress beats its Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in ardizing continued Russian implementation of chest on budget balancing while lavishing dol- opposition to this conference agreement. The real arms reductions called for by the START lars on pet projects rather than asking the majority conferees may have reached an agreement with the President. In fact they I and START II treaties. tough questions that the tenor of the times eliminated several objectionable proposals like The bottom line is that this defense bill and balancing the budget would demand. spends billions more than necessary on weap- While the spending on weapons systems in- national missile defense, and limitations on the ons we do not need. For this reason, I will creases, important programs do not get ade- President's ability to engage in contingency vote against it. quate funding. The legacy of our struggle in operations. However, these changes are cos- Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, the bill we are the cold war must be addressed. Environ- metic. The overall levels of funding are still considering today does not fit the direction we mental cleanup of military bases, arsenals, higher than last year's levels. The bill still au- thorizes $7.1 billion more than the President's should be taking in the post-cold-war world. and damage from the production of nuclear request. My colleagues on the other side of Excessive spending on weapons systems that weapons need to be carried through. Yet this the aisle will tell you how much this report are not needed is not the path to security. At bill reneges in this measure, providing $280 does for military personnel to improve their the same time as it provides improvements for million less than what is needed to accomplish lives. Well, I rise to tell you what it does to the quality of life for our soldiers, this bill also the job of environmental cleanup. We should military personnel. contains punitive provisions targeting HIV- not leave this problem for future generations, positive personnel. But more importantly this First, this conference report violates the an environmental deficit is equally unaccept- rights of women on military bases around the measure does not provide guidance or proper able. These environmental hazards are real world by forbidding them to exercise their right policy for the mission of our forces today people security problems, where there should to have an abortion they pay for themselves. much less tomorrow. be no question of our mission. Second, this conference report discriminates Our 20,000 troops in Bosnia are there to The legislation before us muddles our de- against people who are HIV-positive, by forc- monitor a peace agreement, to provide for the fense missions. It does not reflect a proper as- ing the military to discharge HIV-positive per- growth of peace. Despite the contrary objec- sessment of what we should and need to do. sonnel within 6 months of confirmation of their tions, our troops in Bosnia are engaged in a Congress can and should do better. Our allies status. clearly defined mission. In this effort our allies need to know that we expect them to accept They would be discharged regardless of are assisting. Some of the most strident critics responsibility for their defense. The cold war is their competence, or current health. of Bosnia voice no objection to the out on over and the ability and role of the United The Department of Defense objects to this sync policy regarding the long time deploy- States has changed but much in this measure policy, as a loss of valuable man-hours. DOD ment and stationing of United States troops reflects business as usual. We can not afford has its own criteria for medical discharge, and and sailors abroad. This bill certainly does not business as usual. I urge my colleagues to will release these people when they cannot address the issue of burden sharing or the vote against this conference report. perform their duty any further. basis for such U.S. commitments. With the Mr. FARR. Mr. Speaker, I would like to take Not only does the bill burden military per- end of the cold war, our role in Europe and this opportunity to express my strong objection sonnel, it also makes it harder to balance the around the world has changed greatly. We no to two specific elements contained in the fiscal budget in future years. For the first time in longer need to fear a massive attack from year 1996 Defense authorization conference decades, we have begun departing from the Communist forces. Yet the troops sent to Eu- agreement. ``full-funding'' principle. In past years, Con- rope during the cold war remain there with no First, I must take strong offense to the sug- gress requested that the total cost of a project significant redefinition of our role, literally gestion that the members of our armed serv- is budgeted in the current fiscal year. In fiscal 100,000 U.S. troops, men and material, de- ices, who have served our country honorably year 1996 we have paid for two destroyers, ployed as if the world has not changed. We through times of war and peace, should be but authorized three. shoulder the burden of defense for other re- discharged merely due to contracting HIV. The $7.1 billion increase above the Presi- gions and countries with the attenuate expen- Military personnel must be judged on their dent's request is a token down payment on sive defense bills, spending on unnecessary ability to perform their assigned duties. Retain- hundreds of billions of dollars shown the road. planes, helicopters, and ships. We urgently ing service members who test positive for HIV Third, the B±2 bomber received an increase need to realistically reassess this situation, but demonstrate no further evidence of illness of $493 million just to keep the production line particularly as cuts are sought in programs should not be revised due to a flagrantly politi- open, even though the plane has yet to meet which help the American people. At home mili- cal agenda. Discharging experienced soldiers, many of its mission requirements in flight test- tary bases are closed, with significant sacrifice sailors, marines, and airmen merely for their ing. To actually purchase the planes would H 800 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 cost us $15 billion if we bought 20 more B± The previous question was ordered. Radanovich Skelton Thurman Regula Smith (NJ) Tiahrt 2's at a rate of 3 per year. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Richardson Smith (TX) Torres We cannot commit to this kind of spending question is on the conference report. Riggs Smith (WA) Traficant and balance the budget. Vote ``no'' on the The question was taken; and the Roberts Solomon Visclosky conference report. Speaker pro tempore announced that Rogers Souder Volkmer Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I Rohrabacher Spence Vucanovich the ayes appeared to have it. Ros-Lehtinen Spratt Waldholtz rise today in support of this conference report, Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I object Roth Stearns Walker although I have serious reservations regarding to the vote on the ground that a Salmon Stenholm Walsh one key provision. I am particularly concerned Sanford Stockman Wamp quorum is not present and make the Sawyer Stump Watts (OK) about the deletion of language from the earlier point of order that a quorum is not Saxton Talent Weldon (FL) conference report limiting the President's abil- present. Scarborough Tanner Weldon (PA) ity to place U.S. troops under operational con- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Schaefer Tate Weller trol of the United Nations [UN] until the Presi- Schiff Tauzin White dently a quorum is not present. Scott Taylor (MS) Whitfield dent certifies to Congress that it is in the na- The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Seastrand Taylor (NC) Wicker tional security of the United States to do so. sent Members. Shadegg Tejeda Wilson It is unfortunate that the President chose to Shaw Thomas Wolf The vote was taken by electronic de- veto the entire defense bill over a common Shuster Thompson Young (FL) vice, and there were—yeas 287, nays Sisisky Thornberry Zeliff sense provision overwhelmingly supported by Skeen Thornton the American people. Later this year, I will be 129, not voting 17, as follows: working with colleagues on separate legisla- [Roll No. 16] NAYS—129 tion to incorporate this provision limiting U.N. YEAS—287 Barrett (WI) Gordon Oberstar Bartlett Gunderson Obey command and control. I hope to see the day Abercrombie Doolittle Kasich Becerra Gutierrez Olver that our soldiers will no longer be put in Ackerman Dornan Kelly Beilenson Gutknecht Owens Allard Dreier Kennedy (RI) Blute Hilliard Pallone harm's way under a flag of a foreign country, Andrews Dunn Kennelly without their support. Bonior Hinchey Payne (NJ) Archer Edwards Kildee Borski Hoekstra Pelosi However, I strongly support the provisions in Armey Ehrlich Kim Brown (CA) Jackson (IL) Peterson (MN) this bill that finally resolves the COLA disparity Bachus Emerson King Brown (OH) Jackson-Lee Petri Baesler English Kingston Camp (TX) Rahall between military retirees and Federal civilian Baker (CA) Everett Knollenberg retirees imposed by the Budget Reconciliation Cardin Jacobs Ramstad Baker (LA) Ewing Kolbe Chabot Johnston Reed Act of 1993. This is great news to thousands Baldacci Fawell LaHood Chrysler Kanjorski Rivers of military Washington retirees who feel the Ballenger Fazio Largent Clay Kaptur Roemer same inflationary pressures as Federal civilian Barcia Fields (LA) Latham Collins (IL) Kennedy (MA) Roukema Barr Fields (TX) LaTourette Collins (MI) Kleczka Roybal-Allard retirees. Barrett (NE) Flanagan Laughlin Condit Klink Royce Mr. TORKILDSEN. Mr. Speaker, as a mem- Barton Foley Lazio Conyers Klug Rush ber of the National Security Committee, I want Bass Forbes Leach Coyne LaFalce Sabo the record to reflect my support for the fiscal Bateman Ford Lewis (CA) DeFazio Lantos Sanders Bentsen Fowler Lewis (KY) Dellums Levin Schroeder year 1996 DOD authorization act. While I do Bereuter Fox Lightfoot Deutsch Lewis (GA) Schumer not support every provision in this conference Bevill Franks (CT) Linder Dingell Lincoln Sensenbrenner report, on balance it moves our military and Bilbray Frelinghuysen Lipinski Dixon LoBiondo Serrano Bilirakis Frisa Livingston our country in the right direction. Doggett Lofgren Shays Bishop Frost Longley Doyle Lowey Skaggs At a time when thousands of American men Bliley Funderburk Lucas Duncan Luther Slaughter and women are deployed abroad in various Boehner Gallegly Manton Durbin Maloney Stark peacekeeping and humanitarian missions, we Bonilla Gekas Manzullo Ehlers Markey Stokes Bono Gephardt Martinez must provide them with the support they need Engel Martini Studds Boucher Geren Mascara Ensign Matsui Stupak and deserve. This authorization includes im- Brewster Gilchrest McCollum Eshoo McCarthy Torricelli provements in basic pay allowances for mili- Browder Gillmor McCrery Evans McDermott Upton tary personnel, and cost of living adjustments Brown (FL) Gilman McDade Farr McInnis Velazquez Brownback Gonzalez McHale for military retirees. It includes family housing Fattah McKinney Vento Bryant (TN) Goodlatte McHugh Filner Meehan Watt (NC) units for Hanscom Air Force Base in Massa- Bunn Goodling McIntosh Flake Menendez Williams chusetts to enhance the quality of life for mili- Bunning Goss McKeon Foglietta Mfume Wise tary personnel and their families. It retains a Burr Graham McNulty Frank (MA) Miller (CA) Woolsey Burton Green Meek Franks (NJ) Minge Wynn commitment to the successful and battle-test- Buyer Greenwood Metcalf Furse Moakley Yates ed F/A±18 program and the Black Hawk heli- Callahan Hall (OH) Meyers Ganske Morella Zimmer copter program. It also contains language I Calvert Hall (TX) Mica Gejdenson Nadler Campbell Hamilton Miller (FL) Gibbons Neumann authored to name a Navy ship after congres- Canady Hancock Mink sional medal of honor recipient Joe Vittori of Castle Hansen Molinari NOT VOTING—17 Beverly, Massachusetts. Chambliss Harman Mollohan Berman Oxley Ward I would like to note, for the record, my oppo- Christensen Hastert Montgomery Boehlert Rangel Waters Clayton Hastings (FL) Moorhead sition to the provision in this bill authorizing Bryant (TX) Rose Waxman Clinger Hastings (WA) Moran Chapman Smith (MI) Wyden additional B±2 bombers, and language to pro- Clyburn Hayes Murtha Chenoweth Torkildsen Young (AK) mote a social agenda within our military. In Coble Hayworth Myers Clement Towns committee, and on the House floor, I opposed Coburn Hefley Myrick Coleman Hefner Neal b 1514 the measure to ban all abortions in military Collins (GA) Heineman Nethercutt hospitals and the proposal to terminate any Combest Herger Ney Ms. RIVERS and Mr. SHAYS changed Defense Department employee who tests Cooley Hilleary Norwood their vote from ‘‘yea’’ to ‘‘nay.’’ Costello Hobson Nussle Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota positive for HIV. The Defense Department is Cox Hoke Ortiz capable of supervising and implementing its Cramer Holden Orton changed his vote from ‘‘nay’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ own personnel policies without unnecessary Crane Horn Packard So the conference report was agreed congressional intervention. Crapo Hostettler Parker to. Cremeans Houghton Pastor The result of the vote was announced I voted for the DOD authorization con- Cubin Hoyer Paxon ference report on December 15, when it Cunningham Hunter Payne (VA) as above recorded. passed the House the first time. I hope this Danner Hutchinson Peterson (FL) A motion to reconsider was laid on important legislation will proceed through Con- Davis Hyde Pickett the table. de la Garza Inglis Pombo f gress as soon as possible and the President Deal Istook Pomeroy will sign it into law. DeLauro Jefferson Porter b 1515 Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield DeLay Johnson (CT) Portman back the balance of my time, and I Diaz-Balart Johnson (SD) Poshard GENERAL LEAVE Dickey Johnson, E. B. Pryce move the previous question on the con- Dicks Johnson, Sam Quillen Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I ask ference report. Dooley Jones Quinn unanimous consent that all Members January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 801 may have 5 legislative days in which to PRIVILEGES OF THE HOUSE—PRO- of privileges of the House. True, the revise and extend their remarks on the TECTING CREDITWORTHINESS OF particulars of this motion concern the conference report just adopted. UNITED STATES, AVOIDING DE- credit worthiness of the United States, The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. FAULT, AND AVERTING AN- something in which every American COMBEST). Is there objection to the re- OTHER GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN has a stake, particularly those with a quest of the gentleman from South Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, I rise to variable mortgage, a car loan, a credit Carolina? a question of the privileges of the card balance, or whoever want to take There was no objection. House and offer a resolution which the out alone. But, Mr. Speaker, what could more f gentleman from Texas [Mr. BENTSEN] and I noticed pursuant to rule IX yes- directly jeopardize the integrity of our REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER terday. proceedings here in the House of Rep- AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 2072 The SPEAKER pro tempore. The resentatives than misconduct, than tampering with the fiscal integrity of Mr. HERGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask Clerk will report the resolution. The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- the United States? unanimous consent that my name be lows: Those who say we can live with fi- removed as a cosponsor of H.R. 2072. nancial anarchy would imperil both the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Whereas the inability of the House to pass an adjustment in the public debt limit un- dignity of this House and the hopes of objection to the request of the gen- burdened by the unrelated political agenda millions of Americans for economic tleman from California? of either party, an adjustment to maintain dignity. Indicative of this threat to the There was no objection. the creditworthiness of the United States integrity of the House is the warning f and to avoid disruption of interest rates and against a politically motivated default the financial markets, brings discredit upon by six former Treasury secretaries, the House; both Republicans and Democrats, who PERSONAL EXPLANATION Whereas the inability of the House to pass have expressed in their words their pro- Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker, I regret a clean resolution to continue normal gov- that I was unable to be present for two ernmental operations so as to end the abuse found concern about the threat of de- fault. recent rollcall votes. Had I about been of American citizens and their hard-earned The very idea that Uncle Sam would present on rollcall vote No. 11, I would dollars, Federal employees, private busi- nesses who perform work for the Federal tell anyone who holds a Treasury bill have voted ‘‘no.’’ On rollcall vote No. government, and those who rely upon Fed- or a Treasury bond, sorry, we do not 12, I would have voted ‘‘yes.’’ eral services as a bargaining tactic to gain want to pay, is not revolutionary, it is f political advantage in the budget negotia- simply lunacy. The full faith and credit tions, brings discredit upon the House; of the United States is not anything to PERSONAL EXPLANATION Whereas previous inaction of the House has already cost the American taxpayer about be trifled with. If there are Members of Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, due to $1.5 billion in wasteful government shutdown this body who are willing to mess up the Chair closing out the vote, a num- costs, reduced the productivity and respon- the credit rating of the United States, ber of Members of the House have not siveness of Federal agencies and caused un- let them mess up their own credit rat- been able to register their vote. Had told human suffering; ing, not that of the American people the Chair not closed it out, I would Whereas the failure of the House of Rep- who they are sworn to serve. resentatives to adjust the Federal debt limit When the Secretary of Treasury, Mr. have voted ‘‘no’’ on the conference re- and keep the Nation from default or to act port on S. 1124. Rubin, assures us that default is upon on legislation to avert another Government us, when he is compelled to undertake f shutdown impairs the dignity of the House, the integrity of its proceedings and the es- extraordinary measures to defer tem- porarily that default and only faces in PERSONAL EXPLANATION teem the public holds for the House: Now, therefore, be it return the threat of impeachment in Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, I was Resolved, That upon the adoption of this this House, the dignity of this House is on the elevator over there and a whole resolution the enrolling clerk of the House of jeopardized. When we hear a declara- group of us that were in the elevator Representatives shall prepare an engross- tion that ‘‘I do not care if we have no were not able to vote because the vote ment of the bill, H.R. 2862, and the joint reso- executive offices and no bonds for 60 lution, H.J. Res. 157. The vote by which this was closed out. days, not this time,’’ the financial in- Had I been here and allowed to vote, resolution is adopted by the House shall be deemed to have been a vote in favor of such tegrity of our country and the integ- I would have voted ‘‘aye’’ on the con- bill and a vote in favor of such joint resolu- rity and esteem with which the public ference report on S. 1124. tion upon final passage in the House of Rep- holds this House is severely jeopard- f resentatives. Upon engrossment of the bill ized. I refer, of course, to the words of and the joint resolution, each shall be the Speaker of the House, NEWT GING- PERSONAL EXPLANATION deemed to have passed the House of Rep- RICH. resentatives and been duly certified and ex- This motion and an ability to take Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, I also amined; the engrossed copies shall be signed up a clean resolution to adjust the debt was on the elevator, detained, did not by the Clerk and transmitted to the Senate limit before we run into financial ruin get to vote. If I had been here, I would for further legislative action; and (upon final later this month would do something have voted ‘‘yes’’ on the conference re- passage by both Houses) the bill and the to undo the damage that has already port on S. 1124. joint resolution shall be signed by the presid- ing officers of both Houses and presented to occurred. f the President for his signature (and other- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Are wise treated for all purposes) in the manner there other Members who wish to be PERSONAL EXPLANATION provided for bills and joint resolutions gen- heard on the question of whether the Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I was on erally. resolution presents a question of privi- the elevator when the elevator was The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the lege? stuck. Of course, if I had been here, I gentleman from Texas [Mr. DOGGETT] Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I move would have voted ‘‘no’’ on the con- wish to be heard on whether the resolu- to lay the motion on the table. ference report on S. 1124. tion presents a question of privilege The SPEAKER pro tempore. The under rule IX? Chair is attempting to ascertain f Mr. DOGGETT. Yes, Mr. Speaker, whether or not the motion is privi- very briefly, I do. I think there are PERSONAL EXPLANATION leged. only one or two other speakers that Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I will Mrs. CHENOWETH. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall would ask to be heard on this. withhold my motion. No. 16, I was unable to cast a timely vote be- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The The SPEAKER pro tempore. The cause I was in traffic en route to the capitol. Chair recognizes the gentleman from Chair is hearing discussion on that at I missed the vote on the Conference Report Texas [Mr. DOGGETT]. this time. on Department of Defense Authorization. Had Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, this Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I with- I been present, I would have voted ``yes.'' motion raises most directly a question draw my motion temporarily. H 802 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 Mr. SPEAKER pro tempore. Are ernment official we represent because dollars in personal checks goes directly there other Members who wish to be they will not be able to obtain financ- to the integrity of this House, how in heard on whether the resolution pre- ing for the services they provide. And the world could we not conclude that sents a question of privilege? our reputation will be harmed with having the U.S. Government for the The Chair recognizes the gentleman every single taxpayer who will have to first time in two centuries bounce bil- from Texas [Mr. BENTSEN]. pay more for Government services. lions of dollars of checks to people to Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I appre- I would submit to the Chair that, whom we owe money, and entities all ciate my colleague from New York under a careful reading of rule IX, No. across this world, an action that would withdrawing his motion. 1, ‘‘questions of privilege,’’ this resolu- undermine the integrity of our credit- Mr. Speaker, I join my colleague tion is a question of privilege because worthiness and our reputation as a na- from Texas, Mr. DOGGETT, in introduc- it addresses a serious matter affecting tion, how can the personal bounced ing this privileged resolution and in the dignity and integrity of this House checks go directly to the integrity of urging its approval so that the U.S. and the reputation of every Member. In the House and not have our Nation’s Government can keep paying its bills addition, I would argue that the Chair bouncing checks go to the integrity of and not default for the first time in its should favorably review this question the House? history. of privilege because, at this time, there I would argue, therefore, Mr. Speak- Rule IX of the rules of the House, is no other plan for this House to con- er, that this resolution clearly deals di- which governs questions of privilege, sider clean debt limit legislation before rectly with the question of protecting states: February 29, 1996, when Treasury Sec- the integrity and the dignity of this Questions of privilege shall be, first, those retary Robert Rubin has told Congress House, and would suggest that to rule affecting the rules of the House collectively, that the Federal Government will go otherwise might be inconsistent with its safety, dignity, and the integrity of its into default. Yet, Congress may recess the arguments we heard from our Re- proceedings; and second, those affecting the without consideration of the vital leg- publican colleagues just a few years rights, reputation, and conduct of members, islation. ago. individually, in their representative capacity The SPEAKER pro tempore. The only. So I would ask you, Mr. Speaker, to carefully read section IX of the House Chair is ready to rule. We offer this privileged resolution rules. It states clearly that— The resolution offered by the gen- because we can think of no issue that Questions of Privilege shall be, first, those tleman from Texas alleges that the reflects more on the dignity and integ- affecting the rights of the House collec- failure of the House to take specified rity of this House and on the reputa- tively, its safety, its dignity, and the integ- legislative actions brings it discredit, tion of every single Member than the rity of its proceedings, and second, those af- impairs its dignity and the integrity of creditworthiness of the United States. fecting the rights, reputation, and conduct of its proceedings, and lowers it in public There is no question in my mind that Members. esteem. On that premise it resolves the dignity and the integrity of this This resolution seeks to protect the that the House be considered to have House and the reputation of every one integrity of the House and the reputa- passed two legislative measures. of us would be irreparably harmed if we tion of its Members by preserving the Under rule IX, questions of the privi- allowed our Government to default. creditworthiness of the United States. leges of the House are those ‘‘affecting And it would be especially irrespon- This is the argument that my col- the rights of the House collectively, its sible for this House to recess and leave league from Texas and I are making. safety, its dignity, [or] the integrity of town with this threat of default hang- This is truly a question of privilege be- its proceedings.’’ But a question of the ing over our Government. cause the reputation of the House and privileges of the House may not be in- The creditworthiness of the United its dignity would be forever harmed if voked to effect a change in the rules of States should not be a pawn in a politi- we fail to act and to honor our obliga- the House or to prescribe a special cal game or a point of leverage to force tions. order of business for the House. This huge cuts in Medicare, Medicaid, and b 1530 principle has been upheld on several education to pay for a tax cut we can’t occasions cited in section 664 of the afford. We must pass a clean bill to in- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ‘‘House Rules and Manual,’’ including crease the debt ceiling and allow the COMBEST). The Chair is ready to rule, March 11, 1987; August 3, 1988; and, in United States to honor its obligations, but would entertain one additional particular, June 27, 1974—where a reso- and we can do that by voting for this comment relative to whether or not lution directing the Committee on resolution today. the resolution presents a question of Rules to consider reporting a special Only the Congress can lift the debt the privileges of the House. order was held not to present a ques- limit and avoid default, and a failure to Does the gentleman from Texas [Mr. tion of privilege. act in a timely manner does threaten EDWARDS] seek to be recognized for The resolution offered by the gen- the integrity of this body and the rep- that purpose? tleman from Texas—like those offered utation of every one of us. If anyone Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Speaker, I would on February 7 and December 22, 1995, doubts that, simply consider the con- like to be recognized to address the and on January 3, 1996—is also aptly sequences of default. issue of the privileged motion. addressed by the precedent of May 6, Government will come to a halt yet The SPEAKER pro tempore. The 1921. On that occasion Speaker Gillett again. Interest rates will rise. Credit Chair recognizes the gentleman from held that a resolution presenting a leg- will become more expensive. Our econ- Texas [Mr. EDWARDS]. islative proposition as a question of omy could very well slip into a reces- Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Speaker, I will constitutional privilege under the 14th sion. And our Nation’s unmatched rep- be brief in my point. I think this reso- amendment did not qualify as a ques- utation in world financial markets lution does deal with the integrity of tion of the privileges of the House. The would be tarnished forever. this House in a very significant way. Chair will quote briefly from the 1921 I hope there is no one in this body Unless I am mistaken, it was not too ruling: who doubts that if we allow these ca- many years ago when colleagues on the [W]here the Constitution orders the House lamities to happen that the integrity Republican side of the aisle of this to do a thing, the Constitution still gives the of this body will not be damaged. House came to this floor and argued House the right to make its own rules and do I also hope there is no doubt that the that we should have privileged resolu- it at such time and in such manner as it may reputation of every one of us will be tions and measures to consider the so- choose. And it is a strained construction harmed as well. Our reputation will be called House bank scandal, because a * * * to say that because the Constitution harmed with every single consumer we number of House Members had purport- gives a mandate that a thing shall be done, represent who has to pay more in high- edly bounced thousands of dollars of it therefore follows that any Member can in- sist that it shall be brought up at some par- er interest rates for home loans, car personal checks. ticular time and in the particular way which loans, student loans, and credit card I would suggest to the Speaker and he chooses. If there is a constitutional man- purchases. Our reputation will be to our colleagues that if having Mem- date, the House ought by its rules to provide harmed with every State and local gov- bers of this House bounce thousands of for the proper enforcement of that, but it is January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 803 still a question for the House how and when Border Patrol agents from Florida and for rapists, murderers, and drug deal- and under what procedure it shall be done moving them to the southwest border ers. The INS decision to cut Florida * * *. of the United States. Clearly I know Border Patrol agents further erodes Speaker Gillett’s ruling is fully re- that we are having extraordinary prob- our already limited resources and corded in Cannon’s Precedents, at vol- lems on the borders of Mexico, but threatens the security of our borders. ume 6, section 48. Florida also is being inundated by ille- In fact, by INS taking eight agents Applying the precedent of 1921 and gal immigrants. out of Florida, they have in fact said the others just cited, the Chair holds What has happened with our Border ‘‘Welcome, one and all. Come to the that the resolution offered by the gen- Patrol has been a diminishing from 85 State, because we are no longer enforc- tleman from Texas does not affect ‘‘the agents in 1988 to half that strength of ing the laws of this land.’’ The action rights of the House collectively, its 42 agents today, after these agents are sends the wrong message to illegal im- safety, dignity, [or] the integrity of its detailed to the southwest border. In my migrants, and it is simply not in the proceedings’’ within the meaning of home district, the Palm Beach Border best interests of the State of Florida clause 1 of rule IX. Rather, it proposes Patrol Office will shrink to just three nor of the United States of America. to effect a special order of business for agents and one supervisor who are re- If, Mr. Speaker, the President is seri- the House—deeming it to have passed sponsible for covering eight counties ous about changing the way Govern- two legislative measures—as an anti- and 120 miles of coastline. At the same ment operates in Washington, if we are dote for the alleged discredit of pre- time, the number of Border Patrol and in fact talking about the State of the vious inaction thereon. The resolution Coast Guard interceptions of Cubans Union of this country, the State of the does not constitute a question of privi- and Haitians for the first 2 months of Union of this country, then one of our lege under rule IX. 1996 fiscal year, 1,248 interceptions, is most important challenges is to pro- To rule that a question of the privi- almost as high as the total number of tect and secure our borders from illegal leges of the House under rule IX may interceptions for the entire 1995 fiscal entry. be raised by allegations of perceived year, which totaled 1,789 intercep- I welcome people to this country. My discredit brought upon the House by tions—1,248 in 2 months, 1,789 during grandmother came from Poland. She legislative action or inaction, would the whole fiscal year of 1995. had a sponsored job waiting and a clean permit any Member to allege an im- Just yesterday Border Patrol agents bill of health. I want people who come pact on the dignity of the House based arrested eight illegals who were work- to this country with a clear indication upon virtually any legislative action or ing at a school construction site in of wanting to support the values we inaction. West Palm Beach, FL. The total num- hold dear. I commend you, Mr. Presi- f ber of criminal alien apprehensions in dent, for your speech. I commend the the Miami sector last year totaled 1,857 enthusiasm by which you lead this THE JOURNAL people, criminal alien apprehensions in country. I urge you and I urge our lead- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- the Miami sector. These statistics ership to sit down and work the details ant to clause 5 of rule I, the pending clearly demonstrate the critical need out of all the problems we face, but if business is the question of agreeing to for a stronger Border Patrol force in we are in fact to have a safe and free the Speaker’s approval of the Journal. Florida, so it amazes me that the INS Nation, we must protect ourselves from The question is on the Speaker’s ap- apparently ignores this data making illegal immigration. proval of the Journal. policy decisions. f Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the jour- I fully support a strong Border Patrol The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a nal stands approved. force for the entire United States, but previous order of the House, the gen- f not by slashing the number of Florida tleman from Florida [Mr. DIAZ- agents. I had a chance to go out with BALART] is recognized for 5 minutes. SPECIAL ORDERS the gentleman from California, Mr. [Mr. DIAZ-BALART addressed the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under GALLEGLY, and others, the gentleman House. His remarks will appear here- the Speaker’s announced policy of May from California, DUKE CUNNINGHAM, after in the Extensions of Remarks.] and survey the border of Mexico. I un- 12, 1995, and under a previous order of f the House, the following Members will derstand their problem. I whole- heartedly support strengthening our The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a be recognized for 5 minutes each. previous order of the House, the gen- f enforcement on the border. However, Florida, much like California, Texas, tleman from Michigan [Mr. SMITH] is The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a and Arizona, has a similar problem. It recognized for 5 minutes. previous order of the House, the gen- is simply insane to remove agents from [Mr. SMITH of Michigan addressed tleman from Maryland [Mr. BARTLETT] a State like Florida which continues to the House. His remarks will appear is recognized for 5 minutes. be strained by illegal immigration, in- hereafter in the Extensions of Re- [Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland ad- sane. marks.] dressed the House. His remarks will ap- Ironically, the day after the an- f pear hereafter in the Extensions of Re- nouncement to detail Florida agents, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a marks.] the Center for Immigration Studies re- previous order of the House, the gen- f leased a new report stating that Flor- tleman from Florida [Mr. GOSS] is rec- ida remains the third largest recipient ognized for 5 minutes. THE BORDER PATROL IN FLORIDA of illegal immigrants, with one of nine [Mr. GOSS addressed the House. His The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a illegal immigrants in the United remarks will appear hereafter in the previous order of the House, the gen- States residing in Florida. In fact, the Extensions of Remarks.] tleman from Florida [Mr. FOLEY] is report suggests that the illegal immi- f recognized for 5 minutes. grant population in our State could be Mr. FOLEY. Mr. Speaker, I want to as high as 450,000 today. The State of DO-NOTHING CONGRESS address the House on a problem we are Florida estimates that in 1993 alone, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a having in Florida and we are having all State and local governments have previous order of the House, the gen- across the Nation. Last evening we had spent around $884 million on undocu- tleman from Missouri [Mr. VOLKMER] is a chance to hear the President deliver mented aliens. recognized for 5 minutes. his speech on the future of America. In addition, there are approximately Mr. VOLKMER. Mr. Speaker, Mem- One of the things he emphasized was on 5,504 criminal aliens in State correc- bers of the House, this morning during changing and enforcing immigration tion facilities on any given day, cost- my 1-minute speech, I chastised the procedures in our country. ing Florida taxpayers on average Speaker of the House, NEWT GINGRICH, It is ironic that this past week the $14,000 per inmate annually, 5,504 for not telling exactly the truth this Immigration and Naturalization Serv- illegals in our State prison system, morning on one of the talk show pro- ice announced that is was taking eight 5,504 beds that could be made available grams when he was being interviewed H 804 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 in regard to President Clinton’s State 2d session of the 103d, the 102d, the whereby we could have somebody who of the Union Message last night, be- 100th, the 99th, the 98th; even with could come out and stand up and raise cause Speaker GINGRICH said, in answer Democrats under Bush we did more these issues. Frankly, since the Berlin to a question as to whether the Presi- than this Congress. This Congress, if Wall has fallen and since Ronald dent was really for welfare reform, that we really want to know, is a do-noth- Reagan has left the White House, nei- the President had vetoed welfare re- ing Congress. ther the administration, the Bush ad- form twice and that one time he had There was a great bit of fanfare a ministration, nor the Clinton adminis- vetoed a bill that had passed the Sen- year ago right here on this floor, and it tration, nor Republican Congresses or ate by 85 votes. started on the 4th of January last year. Democratic Congresses, have done any- Now, when I brought out this morn- It lasted for 100 days, of all of this thing with regard to human rights in ing that that bill, that bill that the great legislation that is going to China and many of the other countries. President vetoed, had only gotten 52 change this country. I remember the Quite frankly, the business of the votes in the Senate, the gentleman Speaker standing down here and clip- Clinton administration is business. It from Florida [Mr. STEARNS] got in the ping those little cards every time a bill is not human rights. They do not care well and said, well that is the same would pass. He would stand here and if Catholic priests are being persecuted bill; that that bill got 87 votes in Sep- clip that little card. and bishops are going to jail. They tember and it got 52 votes in December. Somebody better tell the Speaker don’t care if evangelical ministers are Mr. Speaker, I say to the gentleman and the majority that just because the being put in prison. They don’t care if from Florida [Mr. STEARNS], it is not House passes a bill, it does not do any- Buddhists are being put in prison. the same bill. I think the gentleman thing. It does not become law, it does Mr. Speaker, does the Congress care? should learn legislative procedure. The not make one change. They act like all We know that Clinton does not care. bill that passed the Senate had dif- these changes were taking place. It has We know that Secretary Christopher ferent provisions in it. There were to go through the Senate. And what does not care, because we have seen no changes made in conference. When the happened when those bills got over to action out of the State Department. In bill went to the President, it was the Senate? Well, we can go down the fact, Mr. Speaker, the sound of silence changed vastly from the bill that had history of it and find that the majority that has come from the Clinton admin- passed the Senate with those 87 votes. over in the Senate, who are the same istration on religious persecution is That is why Members who had voted party, said no; they are too radical. No, deafening. Mr. Speaker, to be fair, the for it, even Republican Members who those bills are too extreme. We are not sound of silence coming from the Re- had voted for it in September would going to do that radical approach to publican Congress on this issue is deaf- not vote for it in December, and that is change in the Government. ening. why the President vetoed it. f Now, all one had to do was watch ‘‘60 I will go back, Mr. Speaker. Speaker Minutes’’ Sunday night where they HOLOCAUST: THE CHINA GINGRICH should know the facts. The showed Chinese children tied to beds, facts are that that bill only got 52 PARALLEL mainly female children, and they votes in the Senate; it did not get 85 The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a starved them to death, similar to what votes in the Senate and never did, and previous order of the House, the gen- the Nazis did before World War II. Had it barely passed the Senate because tleman from Virginia [Mr. WOLF] is that happened in the 1980’s, had Ronald there were 47 votes against it. Two Re- recognized for 5 minutes. Reagan been able to see that, had Sen- publicans even voted against it. Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, I spoke ear- ator Jackson of Jackson-Vanick been Now, if we really want welfare re- lier, and I just want to take a little able to see it, leaders who have fought form, we need to sit down and work to- time after the 1-minute to really urge on both sides of the aisle for human gether. We are not that far apart; we Members to get a copy of the Washing- rights, this Congress would have passed should do welfare reform. We need to ton Post piece by Walter Reich called, a resolution on it. This Congress would do a balanced budget. We heard the ‘‘Holocaust: The China Parallel.’’ have debated this issue. But frankly, President last night. He says, there are The writer is a physician, the direc- Mr. Speaker, this Congress, along with a lot of areas, and I agree, there are a tor of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial the Clinton administration, has done lot of areas where both the Democrats, Museum. He points out that what is absolutely nothing. the President and the Republicans taking place in China is parallel to the It would be my hope and prayer that agree that we can make changes and Holocaust that took place in some re- both parties would have a plank in reduce the deficit in future years. He spects in Nazi Germany. Now, this Con- their platform this year for religious said, let us do those. But that is not gress last year was going to do some- freedom from dissidents around the what we heard from this well this thing with regard to China. It passed a world, for persecution of all religious morning. bill with regard to putting some re- beliefs, whether they be Buddhist or The President held out his hand to strictions on China and dealing with Christian or Jews. This issue should be work together. The Republicans have Radio Free China. Frankly, nothing on the forefront of the burner of both thrown it back and said: No, we are not has happened to it. This year the Con- political parties. going to do that. We are going to do it gress I think is obligated on both sides As I again urge my colleagues after our way or no way. of the aisle to do something to deal they read the article in today’s Wash- That is probably what we will have, with the issues of religious persecution ington Post, I will close with what the is no way. That is what is wrong with and what is taking place in China. author said. He said, ‘‘If the Human this Government and this Congress As a couple of examples, and I will Rights Watch report can be verified by today. submit them for the RECORD, Freedom international inspections, the parallels There are many things that need to House has documented 200 Christian between the Chinese orphanages and be done, and little has been done, so Leaders in prison since April 1, 1995. A the Nazi programs that killed disabled little that this congress will go down in Christian ministry in the United children are alarming. These parallels history as the most do-nothing Con- States had delegates recently to visit a remind us that human beings, includ- gress since 1933. house church during a recent visit to ing physicians and other caregivers, Mr. Speaker, it is very interesting China. The leaders in these churches are extraordinarily vulnerable to inhu- that this Congress in its first session have to be itinerant in their own coun- man acts and extraordinarily capable worked for 365 days, had more votes try. They cannot meet with their own for justifying their behavior on what than at any time in the near past Con- families. They have no permanent they see as rational grounds. And they gresses, spent more hours working, but home. Many leaders have been jailed, remind us that countries in which did less. A total of either 88 or 89 bills beaten, fined, tortured, or sent to labor democratic institutions are forcibly actually became law. We have not had or reeducation camps for their reli- forbidden and human rights systemati- that few since 1933, folks. Every Con- gious beliefs. cally quashed are ones in which human gress before this, immediate Con- Quite frankly, I wish that Ronald life becomes, quite simply, expend- gresses, the 1st session of the 103d, the Reagan were back in the White House able.’’ January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 805 This issue is not going to go away. If tians and other religious believers to choose Among other abuses, the measure should the Clinton administration does not between registering their congregations law- specifically call for an end to religious re- deal with it, I hope and pray that at fully, which often exposes their services to pression. In addition, the United Nations intrusive surveillance and official control, or Special Rapporteur on Religious Intolerance least this Republican Congress will continuing to operate underground, thereby should be invited to make a second visit to deal with it. risking fines, arrests, and even prison terms. China early in 1996, following his previous The January 1994 regulations also reiterate visit to Beijing and Tibet in November 1994; CHINA STEPS UP RELIGIOUS REPRESSION China’s ban on proselytizing and other public he should seek to visit those Chinese prov- religious activities by foreigners, depriving inces where the persecution of Christians is DECEMBER 22, 1995.—The Chinese govern- ment is subjecting unauthorized Catholic Chinese believers of their right to associate most severe. Human Rights Watch/Asia urges delegations of parliamentarians and and Protestant groups to intensifying har- with their co-religionists from overseas. Local authorities seeking to suppress un- trade delegations to China to make specific assment and persecution as social tensions authorized church groups have often violated inquiries about cases of religious activists in the country increase, says Human Rights China’s own laws and regulations, acting still in custody and those detained, ill-treat- Watch/Asia in ‘‘China: Religious Persecution even more brutally than the national reli- ed then released. They should call for the im- Persists,’’ released today. gious policy allows. Christians in many rural mediate repeal of all official restrictions on ‘‘During the last two years, the Chinese areas are routinely and often repeatedly har- free expression of religious belief and prac- government broadened its drive to crush all assed through arbitrary detentions, beatings, tice. forms of dissent. In addition to targeting and confiscations of property. Those consid- Copies of the report are available from the prominent dissidents such as Wei Jingsheng, ered ‘‘ringleaders,’’ especially Protestant Publications Department, Human Rights who last week was sentenced to fourteen preachers with a large popular following, are Watch, 485 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017 years in prison, all religious believers, and at risk of arrest and imprisonment. for $6.00 (domestic) and $7.50 (international). especially Christians, are seen as potential In one case, Huang Fangxin, a twenty- HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH/ASIA security risks,’’ said Mickey Spiegel, re- nine-year old seminarian from Yongkang search consultant for Human Rights Watch/ Human Rights Watch is a nongovern- County, Zhejiang Province, was sentenced Asia. mental organization established in 1978 to without trial to three years of ‘‘re-education Chinese authorities have issued new direc- monitor and promote the observance of through labor’’ in April 1994, after organizing tives requiring all congregations to register internationally recognized human rights in a group of young people from the country with religious authorities, stepped up pres- Africa, the Americas, Asia, the Middle East into a ‘‘gospel team’’ to recruit new mem- sure on evangelists, and tightened controls and among the signatories of the Helsinki bers to the local church. Several of his fol- on contact with foreigners and on distribu- accords. It is supported by contributions lowers have since faced further harassment, tion of religious materials. Individuals sus- from private individuals and foundations including mandatory ‘‘study classes’’ at worldwide. It accepts no government funds, pected of linking religion to political activ- which they are lectured, fined, and some- directly or indirectly. The staff includes ity have received the harshest treatment. times physically abused. Kenneth Roth, executive director; Cynthia The extensive crackdown on Protestants and Similar abuses against underground Brown, program director; Holly J. Catholics violates both the Chinese constitu- Protestant groups, including raids on Burkhalter, advocacy director; Robert tion and freedom of religion as guaranteed churches and mass arrests, have been re- Kimzey, publications director; Jeri Laber, by the Universal Declaration of Human ported throughout China, particularly in special advisor; Gara LaMarche, associate di- Rights. Henan and Anhui provinces where the evan- rector; Lotte Leicht, Brussels office director; As Communist ideology has lost public gelical movement is especially strong. Juan Me´ndez, general counsel; Susan Osnos, support, interest in religion, particularly Roman Catholic bishops who maintain ties communications director; Jerera Rone, evangelical Protestantism, has spread rap- to the Vatican have also faced harassment counsel; Joanna Weschler, United Nations idly in China. But since the early 1990s, a and arbitrary detention. representative; and Derrick Wong, finance new development has emerged which the Foreigners suspected of promoting Chris- and administration director. Robert L. Bern- country’s leaders consider even more ‘‘sub- tianity among Chinese citizens have become stein is the chair of the board and Adrian W. versive’’: a growing alliance between under- a major target of the new crackdown, espe- DeWind is vice chair. Its Asia division was ground Christian churches and pro-democ- cially those caught bringing Bibles and other established in 1985 to monitor and promote racy activists, many of whom have converted religious literature into the country ille- the observance of internationally recognized to Christianity in recent years. Dissident gally. During the Fourth World Conference human rights in Asia. Sidney Jones is the groups such as the League for the Protection on Women, held in Beijing in September 1995, executive director; Mike Jendrzejczyk is the of the Rights of Working People (LPRWP), foreign participants were warned to bring in Washington director; Robert Munro is the some of whose members are Protestants, no religious materials other than those for Hong Kong director; Jeannine Guthrie is have been particularly targeted for official personal use. Leaders of Protestant ‘‘house NGO Liaison; Dinah PoKempner is Counsel; repression, with President Jiang Zemin de- churches’’ in Beijing were warned to avoid Patricia Gossman and Zunetta Liddell are scribing the LPRWP as ‘‘the most contact with conference delegates arriving research associates; Joyce Wan and Shu-Ju counterrevolutionary organization in China from overseas, and one Catholic leader. Bish- Ada Cheng are Henry R. Luce Fellows; Diana since 1949.’’ After witnessing the role of the op Jia Zhiguo, was removed from his home Tai-Feng Cheng and Paul Lall are associates; Catholic Church in undermining Communist and detained until the day after the con- Mickey Spiegel is a research consultant. An- power in Eastern Europe, the authorities ference ended. drew J. Nathan is chair of the advisory com- have renewed their determination to eradi- The presence of foreigners was in part re- mittee and Orville Schell is vice chair. cate all autonomous religious activity in sponsible for a mass arrest in Hubei Province f China. on April 18, 1995, in which security officials, For example, Xiao Biguang, a thirty-three- armed with electric batons, broke up a theo- CAMPAIGN REFORM year-old former professor of literature at logical training class for new pastors and ar- Beijing University, was one of the main The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a rested at least sixty-seven Chinese and three previous order of the House, the gentle- drafters of the charter for the LPRWP. He overseas Protestants. The detainees were in- was arrested on April 12, 1994, and put on terrogated, some of them were badly beaten, woman from Colorado [Mrs. SCHROE- trial this past April 1995 on criminal charges and some of the men had their heads shaved. DER] is recognized for 5 minutes. including ‘‘swindling’’ and creating a ‘‘nega- Human Rights Watch calls on the Chinese Mrs. SCHROEDER. Well, Mr. Speak- tive atmosphere’’ among his students at a authorities to lift all official controls on re- er, one of the reasons I ran for this of- theological seminary. As of mid-December ligious activities, including the compulsory fice was I did not really do a great job 1995, he had not been sentenced and was still registration of church groups, and to thor- of housekeeping. When I was a young being held in a Ministry of State Security oughly investigate all reports of illegal mis- housewife many, many years ago, lockup in Beijing. Meanwhile, Xiao’s wife, treatment of religious believers, including housekeeping was supposed to be your Gou Qinghui, has been continually harassed, beatings, ill-treatment, and torture. All subjected to periodic surveillance, and for- those held for participating in religious ac- specialty. We had dust kittens under bidden to continue seminary teaching or to tivities outside the official churches should the bed that probably weighed about 10 meet with co-religionists at home. She has be unconditionally released, including those pounds. But now I must say as I look been detained at least four times in May 1994 convicted of violating state security laws or around this House, we got some house- and May 1995. the laws on counterrevolution. keeping we need to do that actually by The most recent crackdown began in Janu- Human Rights Watch also urges the inter- comparison would make my dust kit- ary 1994, when Premier Li Peng signed new national community to exert pressure on the tens under my bed look small, because regulations tightening the existing require- Chinese government to allow greater reli- ment that all church groups in China reg- gious freedom. The U.S., European Union, there are some big clumps of dirt in ister with the state-controlled Religious Af- Japan, and other governments should spon- this place, and it really all gravitates fairs Bureau. This policy, which violates sor and vigorously promote a resolution cen- around campaign finance reform. international standards on freedom of ex- suring China at the United Nations Human I think that Common Cause on the pression and association, has forced Chris- Rights Commission in Geneva next March. outside has been doing a great job of H 806 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 pointing out how, if we do not move to in, and they do not. So they feel they say the problems are moral rather than do some campaign finance reform, the will never be heard here, and many are they are economic we are facing. They people who ran against Washington not. That is why when you look at your are problems with family and a disinte- have become the Washington they ran priorities you scratch your head and gration of the family. They are prob- against. And we all know how rapidly say, Wait a minute, how did these pri- lems with drugs. They are problems that happens to people. Voters have orities get here? with crime. They are problems with moved from being disillusioned with Well, they got here because of this ri- people not willing to work. They are that to now being flat-out cynical diculous funding process. I think it is problems with people willing to do about it, and they have every right to so important we clean this House of things that if they would think about be. that special interest money. It is more it or if their own moral compass was a When I first ran for office, my aver- important than probably anything else little better set, they would not do at age campaign contribution was $7.50. we do, because that is the only way we all. Now, as an incumbent who has been get to real priorities, the people’s pri- The problems we are facing are around for 23 years, my average cam- orities, and not the fat cat priorities. moral, and the decline is taking place paign contribution, PAC’s and individ- So I encourage every American to there. Yet I am optimistic in looking uals, is $50. There are not many people take some time and think about this, to the future, because I think we are fi- that could say that, but that is exactly and say we want our Government back nally starting to address the fun- what Jefferson had in mind. as we start to close this century out damental problems we have as a soci- Tonight, as we know, there is a huge and this decade out, and ask every ety, the value problems we have, and Republican dinner, one more time, Member to move on this bipartisan bill one does not address them in Congress. where people are paying a gazillion dol- that will clean this House and correct One addresses them in the individual lars for whatever. You know, I hate to this great injustice, I think. Finally we community, in the individual family, tell those people, but in my district will be able to have real priorities and in the individual person and what he you can get a chicken dinner, a really not big money priorities. does. good chicken dinner, for $5 to $10. So f That is how we change the culture, obviously they are not going there for the society of this America. That is TRIBUTE TO DR. AND MRS. BILLY the chicken. They are going there for how we make ourselves better. That is GRAHAM some other reason. how we solve our problems of family. This is one of the very few countries The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. that is how we solve our problems of in the world that pretends someone HUTCHINSON). Under a previous order of crime. That is how we solve our prob- would give you $10,000 because they be- the House, the gentleman from Kansas lems dealing with drugs, problems lieve in good government and did not [Mr. BROWNBACK] is recognized for 5 dealing with welfare. We change our- want anything for it. Having finished minutes. selves and our own values and moral today the Armed Services Committee Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. Speaker, yes- and spiritual outlook. bill and looking at all of the stuff that terday in this House we voted to give Mr. Speaker, I think we need to get got jammed in that bill that the Presi- and grant to two people, well deserv- back to the basics and get back to the dent did not want, the Joint Chiefs did ing, the Congressional gold medal, and basic values, values of family, values of not want, the Pentagon did not want, that was to Dr. Billy and Ruth Gra- work, and recognition of a higher but some special interests wanted that ham, and that motion passed over- moral authority. When we as a society had given people a lot of campaign whelmingly in this House. It is going do that, we will solve many, many of money, and guess what? They got it. to the Senate and hopefully will be our problems. That is what Dr. Graham They got it. They got their B–2’s, they passed by a similar margin there and and his wife Ruth have been about for got their whole laundry list of what- signed by the President of the United a lifetime, is dealing with that, looking ever it was they wanted, although gen- States. at the internal person and what they erals did not want it and the President I just wanted to recognize these two are doing and their personal relation- did not want it, and what does that extraordinary Americans and what ship with a higher moral authority. say? they have done, for their extraordinary So that is why I voted in favor of service they have committed to this that. I was very strongly in support of b 1600 country and the people of this planet. it. And I hope that when Dr. and Mrs. I think that it is so important for Dr. Graham has evangelized to more Graham get this, if it passes the Senate this bipartisan group who has intro- people on this globe, on this effort, and is signed into law by the President, duced the bipartisan Clean Congress than any human in history that he has I hope that he and Mrs. Graham will be Act to get this moving. I hope every witnessed to during the time period of invited to this Chamber to address a American holds Members’ feet to the his service, and it continues. joint session of Congress and address fire to discharge this bill and get it on Many writers, both political and reli- the Nation, calling for moral and spir- the floor. gious, in this country are saying we as itual renewal in America. What are some of the things in this a Nation are entering a period of a f bill? Doing away with political action fourth awakening, a time period of committees, so you go back to individ- moral and spiritual renewal in Amer- GOVERNMENT SHUTDOWN OUT- ual contributions. That is what it is ica, where we look at ourselves and SIDE THE CONSTITUTIONAL supposed to be about, not big, huge say, Are we doing the rights things? FRAMEWORK groups. Are we doing the things that will last, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a It also asks that we collect 60 percent not just for this lifetime, but for a fur- previous order of the House, the gentle- of what we get from the State that we ther period of time on into eternity? woman from the District of Columbia run in. If you are getting 100 percent of They are saying we are entering into [Ms. NORTON] is recognized for 5 min- your money from a State that you are a period of moral and spiritual renewal, utes. not representing, you have got to won- a reassessment of our values as a coun- Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, with the der who is calling the tune and whose try. That is going to do a great deal to talk now about whether we shall have tune the Member is dancing to. solve our true problems in America. clean or, shall we say, dirty CR’s or There are other things in here that Mr. Speaker, as I travel my district debt limit bills, I would like to offer ban tax-funded taxpayer mailings dur- in eastern Kansas and talk to people some views that go to the intent of the ing election years and many other of back home, I ask them, do they think Framers. We need to think through these areas that we really need to the biggest problems we face as a Na- this process, for we are engaged in clean up, too. tion, are they moral or are they eco- something that has never happened in This is what is wrong here. This nomic? Are they the problems associ- 200 years, or more than 200 years of the place looks like a coin-operated legis- ated with the economy or problems as- Constitution, and it looks like we are lative machine. The average American sociated with values? And I will get in headed toward some recidivism in try- feels they do not have the coins to put almost every crowd 8 or 9 to 1 that will ing to attach things to the debt limit January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 807 or to the CR, when it would appear We must not introduce gridlock into the Congress violated the will of the that the tolerance of the American a brilliant system that has its own Framers, Mike knew how to take care people for this gridlock is way down. built-in cloture. Do not blame the of that. What is wrong with the strategy of President for using the veto. The He went to the U.S. Supreme Court. dirty CR’s and dirty debt-limit bills? Framers intended that. Show me where That is what the Constitution said to Besides the fact that you do not want the Framers intended to allow you to do. I remember particularly one piece to stop the Government or put the full shut down the Government? Show me of legislation, I believe it was the faith and credit of the United States in where the Framers intended for you to Gramm-Rudman bill, he went and won. any doubt, one might begin with the allow a game of chicken to be played Do you know how popular it was to fact that it is not working or it has with the debt limit of the United take on a so-called balanced budget long since stopped working. You got States? The were much too brilliant, provision and get it struck down on the President to the table with a 7-year much too thoughtful to leave the sys- legal grounds? Mike did, and won, and balanced budget. If victory had been tem in that state. forced this Congress, of course, to do it declared then we might be somewhere. We must not try to undo their bril- properly. But more seriously, this strategy is liant work. What we must do is what Mike could be a policy wonk, but he outside of the constitutional frame- the originalists, the conservatives, was one of the few people I know that work, and that is why it is stopping up have always insisted upon doing. We combined policy and commitment. He this place. I teach a course at George- have lost our compass. We have lost knew the ins and outs of legislation. He town, where I was a law professor, our way. could get very excited about how the called Lawmaking and Statutory Inter- Let us open the Constitution, try to words were phrased and what this word pretation. This gridlock has made me find the original meaning in the struc- was and how it fit in the context of the think about the course and about what ture of checks and balances, and under- overall passage. we are doing in a deeper fashion. stand that the veto was meant to But he was not just a policy wonk. At What we are doing is outside of the produce civilized responses, and not to the same time he was out there orga- constitutional framework. It is not take the Government out. It is too late nizing people. He was a grassroots or- that it is unconstitutional; it is indeed in the game, and it is too late in the ganizer, one of the best I have ever an abuse of the Constitution, because day, for us to try to upset and wreck a seen; not only organizing people in the grass roots at his district or across the it thwarts the intent of the Framers. brilliant system of Government. His- country, but organizing people in this Now, conservatives pride themselves tory will not forget us or forgive us if Chamber. He always was asking ‘‘What on being what we in academic law call we allow this to happen. can I do to help,’’ and he meant it. originalists. They insist upon going f back to the Framers for everything, Mike was never bitter. He certainly had some setbacks. I remember one and it gets very awkward because very TRIBUTE TO HON. MIKE SYNAR time one of his many causes, one he be- often the Framers did not even think The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a lieved passionately in, as he believed about certain things. But here I think previous order of the House, the gen- passionately in so many things, was it is legitimate task, what did Thomas tleman from West Virginia [Mr. WISE] campaign reform. Jefferson and what did James Madison is recognized for 5 minutes. intend, what did they have in mind? Mr. WISE. Mr. Speaker, as Sandy and b 1615 We have heard the argument on the I joined in that overflow crowd today In order to get a bill passed, a deci- floor here that the Government is shut in the St. John’s Episcopal Church to sion was made by those whom he had down or the debt limit will not rise be- celebrate the life of Mike Synar, I been working with to go with a lesser cause the President did something, the looked around and I realized what an version, and so in the last moments be- President vetoed it. incredibly vital person Mike was, as fore the vote was taken, the message My friends, the veto was not meant every person in that church felt a per- went out, ‘‘Vote for the lesser version by the Framers to produce any counter sonal tie to Mike; someone who was so to try and get something through.’’ In weapon here in this House. Once there full of energy, so full of life, so full of many ways, I guess, that undercut is a veto, three things are possible: A commitment, so full of passion for what Mike was doing. I asked him negotiated solution, let the matter what he did; and how someone in such whether he was bitter, and he just stand, or overrule the veto with a a short life span, a life of only 45 years, smiled and said, ‘‘That is the way the supermajority. could mean so much to so many people, process is and we will try and go get The Framers did not build a system not only in that church, but people the rest later.’’ that did not have cloture. What we are across this country, who felt a personal I have mentioned reform several doing in this body now, 200 years after kinship to Mike. times. I guess change or reform would the Constitution was passed, is creat- One of my early memories of Mike is have to be what characterized Mike ing a system without cloture, where I invited him, when I was a new Mem- Synar. He was always fighting for re- there is point-counterpoint, shutdown ber, to come to our district to our an- form and change. Regardless of the of the Government following a veto. nual senior citizen convention. I re- issue, you could disagree with Mike on The Framers were more brilliant than member Mike grabbing the micro- an issue. He would work with you, and that. They knew that if you could not phone, he would not be contained by he would argue with you and he would bring cloture at some point, the Gov- lecterns and podiums and stages and realize that he would have to go some ernment could not operate. things like that, grabbing that micro- place else, but he would come back and We have, in fact, done that. What we phone and charging into this crowd of work with you on the next issue. have done is to give new meaning to several hundred people. He did not He brought a lot of change and much the word ‘‘gridlock.’’ First, we have know them; it did not matter. They reform to this country. One of his created the word the Framers never in- were people, and he was incredibly em- greatest issues, and he would want me tended. The Framers never intended pathetic, and his infectious enthusiasm to mention it as he dedicated much of that the Government would be para- revved them up as well. his time even after his leaving the Con- lyzed. That enthusiasm characterized gress, was campaign reform. Mike be- Now, the gridlock that was the slo- Mike’s whole life, and certainly his lieved that the strength of this body is gan of the last Congress have come service in this Chamber, because in how we get people here, and that is a back in ways that no one ever dreamed many ways his service in this Chamber battle that still must be fought. My of, and if you think, particularly you was his life, 16 years of service, being hope is that when it is, we recognize on the other side of the aisle, that peo- elected at a very, very early age. the role that Mike Synar had in bring- ple sent you here to make gridlock Courage is another word that de- ing us to this day. worse, I think you got a big surprise scribes Mike. The previous speaker Mr. Speaker, Mike was one of the few coming for you when you go home to spoke eloquently about the Framers of people I know that took no PAC con- your primaries and when you go home the Constitution. Mike was the most tributions and had a very strict limita- in November. ardent defender of those Framers. If tion on individual contributions, and H 808 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 yet through a grassroots effort was that he espoused and was able to trans- and the uncertainty. The Education able to raise the amounts of money late that into action. He will be sorely Department now really does not know that he needed to wage very difficult missed. what kind of schedule or information it campaign battles. BUDGET CUTS IMPACT ON EDUCATION can provide to the colleges and univer- Mike was 45 years only when he died. Mr. Speaker, I came here today be- sities about student loan availability Not many of us who have lived much cause I was concerned about the budget for next year or Pell Grants and other longer could have accomplished what and where we are going in terms of higher education grant availability for he did. education programs in this country. next year. The test, Mike, of someone’s life is Last night during the State of the I think that what the Republican ma- how much you leave in others. You Union address, President Clinton jority is forgetting is that when we leave a lot in a lot of us. We carry on stressed education. He stressed the talk about higher education loans or much better because we know that you need for a properly educated America grant programs, students need to know are behind us and we know the example because of the challenges that we face in advance what kind of funding levels that you have set for us. in the future, particularly with regard are available and what kind of student f to job opportunities, competing in the loans are available. This process of global marketplace. shutting down the Government and not The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Mr. Speaker, I think it is a shame, previous order of the House, the gen- having an appropriations bill, not and he certainly challenged the Con- being able to plan for next September tleman from Connecticut [Mr. SHAYS] gress to do something about it, but it is recognized for 5 minutes. or even next semester is having a ter- is a shame that in the last year in this rible impact on our educational pro- [Mr. SHAYS addressed the House. His House of Representatives the Repub- grams. remarks will appear hereafter in the lican majority has really cut funding Mr. Speaker, we need to wise up and Extensions of Remarks.] for education programs, whether it is prioritize education. That is what f on the secondary school level or the President Clinton said last night, and I higher education level. I think over the TRIBUTE TO MIKE SYNAR hope the Republican leadership gets next few months, unless something the message. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a dramatically changes and the Repub- f previous order of the House, the gen- lican leadership decides that they are The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a tleman from New Jersey [Mr. PALLONE] going to prioritize education as they previous order of the House, the gentle- is recognized for 5 minutes. promised, we are going to see dramatic woman from Connecticut [Ms. Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I want- change in the ability of our schools and DELAURO] is recognized for 5 minutes. ed to follow up in part of my 5 minutes our colleges to provide affordable edu- and also pay tribute to Mike Synar as cational opportunities for the average [Ms. DELAURO addressed the House. my colleague from West Virginia just American. Her remarks will appear hereafter in did. The budget, as many of us know, the Extensions of Remarks.] Mike Synar was the first person, ac- manifests itself in many ways. There f tually, from Washington, or a Con- has not been appropriation for the Edu- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a gressman, if you will, who came down cation Department. The budget that previous order of the House, the gen- when I first ran for election in 1988. He the Republicans passed actually cuts tleman from Texas, Mr. GENE GREEN, is was also a champion of the environ- back significantly on a number of edu- recognized for 5 minutes. ment, and I was largely elected to Con- cation programs. The CR, the continu- [Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas ad- gress back in 1988 because during that ing resolution that we are operating dressed the House. His remarks will ap- summer in New Jersey we had our under now that was proposed by the pear hereafter in the Extensions of Re- beaches closed and huge washups of de- Republican majority, cuts funding or marks.] bris that came ashore and caused us to lets the Department operate its various f education programs at significantly lose billions of dollars in our tourism The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a lower levels than what is necessary to industry. previous order of the House, the gen- keep going with the programs that we Mike came down as a leading envi- tleman from Michigan [Mr. KILDEE] is ronmentalist in Congress and did a have. Already, we are beginning to hear recognized for 5 minutes. press conference with me and met with that some of the Republican sugges- [Mr. KILDEE addressed the House. some of the editorial boards. It was for tions for spending or appropriation lev- His remarks will appear hereafter in the first time I saw him on the train els for next year will also severely im- the Extensions of Remarks.] coming from New York to New Jersey. pact our educational programs. f I never met anybody who was so dy- One of the things I am most con- CUTS IN EDUCATION FUNDING namic and cared so much about the en- cerned about is the GOP proposal to COULD RESULT IN HUMAN DEFI- vironment and about the principles of eliminate $1.9 million in direct student CIT the Democratic Party and the Nation loans. They do not favor the direct stu- as a whole. dent loan program. In the last couple The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a I watched him here. He was sort of a of years, the Democrats put forward previous order of the House, the gen- mentor in a way because he was on the this new program where the loans tleman from Minnesota [Mr. VENTO] is Committee on Commerce, then it was would be coming directly from the col- recognized for 5 minutes. called the Energy and Commerce Com- leges and universities rather than Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, our chil- mittee, which is the committee that I banks and financial institutions. dren’s future is at risk as the Repub- am now on, that deals so much with In my district, at Rutgers Univer- lican Congress is defunding education. environmental issues. He encouraged sity, Rutgers has been able to take ad- I very much agree with my colleague me to become a member of the com- vantage of this program and provide a from New Jersey, Mr. PALLONE, and his mittee and helped me to get on the lot more loans to a lot more students comments about education, especially committee. I often looked to him for than would be available under the ex- higher education. advice. isting institutional student loan pro- The initial 7-year budget plan, in He was almost exactly the same age gram. Officials at Rutgers, and a lot of fact, sliced $10 billion out of the higher that I am, and when I heard about his other colleges in the State, have told education loan and grant programs. illness and when I heard that he had me that if this program is abolished or Now, since then, some of the message actually passed away, I was very sad- limited, as the Republicans propose, to has gotten through and that has not dened because there really were very certain schools and eventually phased persisted in the final version of the few people in the House of Representa- out, that there will be a lot less stu- budget. But, nevertheless, they in fact tives who had the dynamism, who dent loans available. deauthorized the direct lending pro- cared so much about his country, who We have also seen programs with the gram, which will indeed mean that the cared so much about the principles Pell Grants because of the shutdown dollars do not go as far in terms of January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 809 loans and, second, they reduce in es- need the smart research, but we need tions to maintain America's place as a global sence the Pell grants to fewer recipi- the smart children and the workers to leader. We need smart machines, i.e., the ents. Furthermore, there is a cutback run these machines. Who is going to computers, and the smart research and cre- on the work-study programs. operate these fantastic military sys- ative ideas, but all this and more is based Mr. Speaker, I think it is important tems that my colleagues seem hellbent upon smart workers and that comes about be- to recognize for anyone, and for my on spending money on? Who is going to cause of schooling and more broadly edu- colleagues, that Federal higher edu- run this particular equipment? The cation, total education. cation assistance is the total package fact is we need to have a good edu- For these reasons, education is consistently for many students. And with the un- cation program. We are not going to considered a top priority for the Nation and a availability of jobs today, it is not pos- get it, based on the direction that we priority that Congress should take seriously. sible to work and go to school as so are going in this budget. The funding cuts being proposed by the Re- many of us have done to achieve and to The American people, in almost any publican majority do not take this responsibility gain our education. poll that we see, will suggest that edu- seriously, in fact, Republican budget proposals Mr. Speaker, more importantly, of cation is one of their highest priorities. relinquish that responsibility altogether. course, which has not been highlighted, And why? Why does education persist One of the most obvious examples of this are the dramatic cuts that have oc- in being a high priority? Because it abandonment of a reasoned commitment to curred in elementary and secondary deals with a core value of the people of education is the reduction in funds proposed education. Mr. Speaker, it has been 20 this Nation and of families. It deals for elementary and secondary education pro- years since I taught science in Min- with the value and the concept that I grams fundamental to the success of our most neapolis, but I can tell you that the want my kid, I want my grandchild, to vulnerable students. One such program, which problems that science teachers in 1996 do better and to have an opportunity to has been targeted for a 16-percent funding cut face are much more serious than what do better than I had. under the misguided Republican budget plan, I faced in 1976. What is the road to success and what is the title I program. Title I provides additional The fact is that the kids coming into has been the American story and the academic assistance to those students who those classrooms today are much more American chapter? What is the chapter have fallen behind or are at risk of falling be- disadvantaged. They are obviously we have written? I would suggest to my hind academically. These children are also coming from families, sometimes sin- colleagues it is that we have provided part of moderate and low-income families that gle families, families with less income. that opportunity to many, many chil- often lack the network of support and enrich- In fact, of course we know of the chil- dren and to many kids in elementary ment that contributes to successful education dren in our Nation, almost 1 in 4 live and secondary where it counts. In nu- and schooling. below the poverty level. They do not trition, so the kid has the right type of Unfortunately, more and more children in have the resources and the support at growth so that he is not impaired by our Nation are at risk, therefore, the need for home. retardation because of lack of proteins such help is greater than in past years. The The Federal programs in education single parent families, the low levels of income tend to try to eliminate the valleys in terms of sustenance and by lack of means that nearly 1 in 4 children live below that exist in terms of kids that are dollars. In total education, one aspect is the the established poverty level of minimum in- more greatly at risk. The kids at risk, schools, but we must do much more to come. the kids that receive the sort of title I invest in people and that is where we In the Twin Cities, title I funds are used to program, the kids that get the nutri- need to focus our attention. Yes, we provide these students extra time with teach- tion programs, that need the meals. I ers and to promote parental involvement in can tell my colleagues one thing, if need a fiscal budget balance, but we their schools. These funds also support efforts kids do not eat in the morning they do also do not need a human deficit. That to educate homeless children, sending edu- not sit still to listen to someone even is where we are headed with the type of cators to homeless shelters so that these chil- as forceful as I am. The fact is, in fact priorities that we are reflecting in this dren have the opportunity to learn and suc- very often they are not aware and able Congress today. Mr. Speaker, I submit the following ceed. As with many other types of investment, to pay. The title I program goes well beyond for the RECORD: investing early is the key. Providing extra as- this. In fact, what is happening and Mr. Speaker, I rise today to oppose initia- sistance to students before small problems be- what this Congress is proposing, I hope tives proposed by the Republican majority that come big ones is easier and less expensive my colleagues are listening, is a 17-per- would work to drastically reduced our Nation's and ensures that those students are able to cent cut, a 16- to 17-percent cut in title commitment to America's schools, students, get the most out of future school years. I education. And they are not cutting parents, and educators. My colleagues on the Another example is the defunding by the the increase. They are cutting the pro- other side of the aisle have spoken about the Congress this past year of the Safe and Drug gram 17 percent below in 1996 what was importance of investing in America, such as Free Schools Program, assisting nearly every spent in 1995. So, we can eliminate that increasing our savings rate, supporting our school system across the country, is slated for particular argument when we are talk- Nation's infrastructure, and creating jobs that a 57-percent cut by the Republican budget ing about education. are able to support our Nation's working fami- schemeÐincluding under funding of the They are, of course, defunding Goals lies. However, one type of investment that D.A.R.E. Program included in this program. 2000. They are defunding or attempting their budget plans ignore is an investment in This program has become increasingly impor- to cut out the school-to-work pro- our nation's most vital resource, our young tant as drugs and violence are increasingly grams. They are cutting out important children. present among our Nation's youth. We must programs. The President pointed out Previous versions of the Republican 7 yr maintain our commitment to help educators last night the Drug-free and Safe budgets sliced $10 billion from higher edu- keep their hallways free from drugs, gangs Schools Act, a 57-percent cut in a pro- cation loans and other programs some of that and violence and give all students a safe envi- gram of that nature. has been restored. But funding restrictions ronment in which to learn. The safe and drug Now, we all know the problems that persist for direct lending Pell grants and work free school law and funding provides for the our youth are having. The problems in study. Federal support largely makes up the instruction about the negative impacts of these the communities with drugs come into total higher education assistance package for activities early and giving students alternatives the school. Here are the important pro- students. to these types of lifestyles is an important part grams like the D.A.R.E. Program that Without investing in the education and train- of ensuring not only students' academic suc- the President pointed out last night, ing of our citizens, these other investment ini- cess, but their prosperity after graduation as and many, many other programs. Pro- tiatives cannot succeed. People are the driving well. grams, in fact, in which almost every force behind America's success. It is our Na- Funding cuts have also been proposed for school district in our Nation partici- tion's people, through hard work and dedica- programs such as educators professional de- pates are being cut in half by this par- tion, that allows technology and infrastructure velopment, the very successful Head Start ticular budget. So, where are the prior- to enhance our quality of life and maintain our Program, and vocational education which cuts ities? Nation's competitive edge in the global econ- would compound the problems for schools al- Mr. Speaker, I point out frequently omy. And it will be the skills and knowledge of ready trying to do more with less. Similarly, that we need the smart machines, we future generations that will allow those genera- school to work initiatives are short changed by H 810 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 this Republican budget an innovative new ef- I cannot imagine the agony Cheryl’s introduction of this bill for our Pacific fort to empower education and schooling with grandparents, William and Shirley neighbors, and for our brothers and sis- new dynamic programs responsive to the cur- Barnes, are continuing to experience ters of Chamorro heritage in the rent needs of our constituents. School sys- daily or her older sister Sheila Burgess Northern Marianas who share Guam’s tems and educators should not be forced to or many of her friends. Cheryl is one of indigenous identity. choose which students receive the aid they re- those students who is a friend to every- It is important that the Northern quire and which must go without that assist- one. She is a devoutly religious young Marianas be accorded representation in ance. All students must have the opportunity woman who is very active in school and Congress, not just for fair and just rep- to succeed, and it is the responsibility of Con- community activities. They think it resentation of an American community gress to join with localities and States to en- would be totally out of character, ac- whose interests are affected by the ac- sure that each student receives a quality edu- cording to those who know Cheryl, for tions of Congress, but more impor- cation. The budget package proposed by the her to have run away or left volun- tantly for what the people of Northern Republican majority in Congress falls very tarily. That is just not a possibility. In Marianas can contribute to the Nation short of the investment needed to ensure that fact, the last time Cheryl was seen, she through their Delegate. The American relationship with the our students are receiving the help they re- had made one stop about four blocks Northern Marianas began just over 50 quire to succeed and prosper today and to- away from her high school; then she years ago when American forces fought morrow. disappeared. on the beaches of Saipan and Tinian, Again, I am asking that if anyone f and at great human cost, expelled a co- has seen someone resembling Cheryl, 5 The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a lonial power that had acquired these is- feet, 4 inches tall and about 120 pounds previous order of the House, the gentle- lands as part of a Pacific empire. The with brown hair and brown eyes, to woman from California [Ms. WOOLSEY] Americans, in the years to come, estab- please call me or the Sumter County is recognized for 5 minutes. lished the seeds of democracy that sheriff’s department at 904–793–0222. I have resulted in this new American [Ms. WOOLSEY addressed the House. know that the Barnes family has still a commonwealth. This commonwealth, Her remarks will appear hereafter in lot of hope that Cheryl will one day re- whose roots to America are traced to a the Extensions of Remarks.] turn. I hope someone listening today f violent military encounter in World can help make that happen. War II, is the first American soil ac- I also know that the Barnes family DISAPPEARANCE OF CHERYL ANN quired by conquest in this century. would like me to let people know with- BARNES That the people of the Northern Mari- in the Sumter County area how much anas have freely chosen to become a The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a they have appreciated the support that previous order of the House, the gentle- part of the American family is a great they have received, the countless hours credit to the United States; that they woman from Florida [Mrs. THURMAN] is that they have spent in their searches, do not enjoy any participation in the recognized for 5 minutes. and certainly all of law enforcement’s Mrs. THURMAN. Mr. Speaker, I national political process as citizens help in trying to get this done. discredits our commitment to demo- would like to take this opportunity If anybody might have or is asking or today to talk about something that cratic principles. needs any kind of information or a pic- Today the American citizens who live happened earlier this month in Sumter ture or anything, please do not hesi- in the Northern Marianas contribute to County, FL, which is in my district. tate to either call me or, as I said, the the Nation and participate in the life of On January 3, Cheryl Ann Barnes, a Sumter County sheriff’s department at our Nation in all the same ways that 17-year-old high school senior, dis- 904–793–0222 and we will be glad to get every other American citizen does in appeared. Cheryl is a white female, 5- this information. Any businesses that his own community. They pay taxes, foot-4-inches tall, and has brown hair would like to have these pictures, re- serve in the military, and work hard and brown eyes. At the time of her dis- membering this is a nationwide search, for the progress of their communities. appearance, Cheryl was driving to this is not just in the State of Florida, They are part of the fabric of our great school in her 1988, metallic grey Mazda any help that any of you can give us, Nation. 626. The license plate number is we would appreciate it. Participation in this American de- RQP74X. I thank the Speaker for letting me mocracy is not based on a particular Mr. Speaker, I took this time today have this opportunity to get out this citizen’s tax contribution to the Treas- to talk about Cheryl’s disappearance information that is extremely impor- ury and it is not based on a pre- for a number of reasons. First, despite tant to this Nation. ordained size of a community. It is the continuing efforts of law enforce- f based on a community’s commitment ment and the Sumter County commu- to our democratic form of government nity, 21 days have passed since Cheryl INTRODUCTION OF THE NORTHERN MARIANAS DELEGATE ACT and our Nation. Our American citizen- was last seen driving to school. I am ship has as its foundation a promise of hoping that someone watching on C– The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. fair and equal treatment by our Gov- SPAN today may have seen Cheryl’s HUTCHINSON). Under a previous order of ernment and that promise extends to car somewhere recently and will con- the House, the gentleman from Guam Congress where fair and equal treat- tact me or the Sumter County Sheriff’s [Mr. UNDERWOOD] is recognized for 5 ment demands that the Northern Mari- Department. minutes. anas be represented by a Delegate. Second, the problem of missing chil- Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, The bill that I introduced today mir- dren is a national issue. Just recently, today I have introduced the Northern rors the legislation which granted President Clinton issued an Executive Marianas Delegate Act, to provide for a Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands rep- order making it easier for pictures of nonvoting Delegate to the House of resentation in 1972 and the legislation missing children to be posted in Fed- Representatives to represent the Com- which granted American Samoa rep- eral buildings. monwealth of the Northern Mariana Is- resentation in 1980. The Northern Mari- lands. anas will join the ranks of Delegates b 1630 The Commonwealth of the Northern representing these islands, Puerto Rico Getting information out regarding Mariana Islands became the newest and the District of Columbia, and the Cheryl’s disappearance has not been a territory of the United States and an Northern Marianas will add its voice to problem. In fact, the Barnes family and American commonwealth in 1976. This those who represent American citizens the Sumter County sheriff’s depart- commonwealth is comprised of the who do not reside in the 50 States, but ment say they have been very gratified northern islands in the Mariana Island who do reside in a diverse group of by the level of cooperation that they chain, the principal islands being American communities on American have received from all missing chil- Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. Guam is also soil. dren’s organizations. And yet 21 days a part of the Mariana Island chain, and In introducing this bill today I com- have come and gone without any word it is fitting that the people of Guam mend the work of the resident Rep- about Cheryl’s whereabouts. have the honor today to share in the resentative of the Commonwealth of January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 811 the Northern Mariana Islands, Mr. fying worldwide protests against this that Moruroa Atoll has suffered deep Juan N. Babauta, and his staff. I also crime against nature and against the cracks and fissuring from the nuclear commend the unity of purpose in the lives and welfare of some 27 million testing, a confidential French Defense leadership of the Northern Marianas men, women, and children who live in Ministry study directly contradicts expressed by senate joint resolution the Pacific region. them. As reported in today’s Washing- No. 9–6 of the Ninth Northern Marianas In deciding to resume nuclear test- ton Post, Commonwealth Legislature, the ma- ing, the French President Jacques The French Government has been aware, jors of Saipan, Tinian, Rota, and the Chirac promised the international at least since 1979, that Moruroa’s under- Northern Islands, and the municipal community there would be no environ- water basalt foundation is fractured in sev- councils of Saipan, Tinian, Rota in the mental consequences from their nu- eral places. adoption of resolutions requesting the clear tests, as radioactive substances The report described the effects of an acci- U.S. Congress to grant delegate status would not be discharged into the ocean dent in 1979 in which the French detonated a to the resident Representative to the and the surrounding areas. 150-kiloton weapon only 1,300 feet below the Mr. Speaker, despite the intense surface of the lagoon. The blast was supposed United States. I further commend the to occur at 2,600 feet, but the bomb got stuck leadership of the Hon. Jesus R. Sablan, fears of millions of residents in the Pa- cific, France’s nuclear bomb detona- halfway down the test shaft, and the French president of the Senate of the 10th detonated it there rather than risk trying to Commonwealth Legislature and the tions over the past 30 years are laying move it. The explosion blasted loose more Hon. Crispin I. Deleon Guerrero in the foundation for a major environ- than 130 million cubic yards of rock and their support of this bill. I hope that mental tragedy like Chernobyl. The coral, causing a tidal wave that injured sev- the House of Representatives and the French Atomic Energy Agency has re- eral French scientists and guards. The docu- Senate will act on this legislation in peatedly stated that radioactive sub- ment also described underwater avalanches that followed three tests as proof the grow- this session, and I urge my colleagues stances from their nuclear tests are trapped in the ground and there is no ing number of tests was posing serious envi- to cosponsor the Northern Marianas ronmental risks to Mururoa Atoll. Delegate Act. danger of radioactive contamination. Yesterday, France’s big lie was re- Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Speaker, with French President vealed. Chirac expected in Washington next will the gentleman yield? After a Japanese newspaper broke Mr. UNDERWOOD. I yield to the gen- week, I would ask our colleagues to the story yesterday, media reports con- tleman from American Samoa. join me in urging that the French Gov- firm that France now acknowledges Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, ernment stop this madness and imme- that radioactive materials have, in- I want to commend the gentleman diately cease nuclear testing in the deed, leaked into the sea from their re- from Guam for being the chief sponsor South Pacific. cent nuclear tests at Moruroa Atoll. of this important legislation. I think it Mr. Speaker, I’ve said it earlier and Radioactive iodine-131, which is cre- is not only long overdue but, as the I’ll say it again—the French Govern- ated by nuclear explosions and causes ment has already exploded some 177 nu- ranking member of the Subcommittee cancer in humans, was detected by on Native Americans and Insular Af- clear bombs in this atoll in the Pacific, French officials after the tests but was and Prime Minister John Majors of fairs, I think it is most needful that apparently covered up. Only after a the Congress should address this very Great Britain and our own President French nuclear specialist mistakenly have given only lip service to these important issue of true representation revealed the information during a dis- by our fellow American citizens that acts of atrocity against the marine en- armament conference held right here vironment and against the lives of live in the Northern Marianas. I would in Washington last November—that the like to ask the gentleman for just a human beings who live in that part of radioactive leakage was brought to the world. couple of responses to one question light. Mr. Speaker, I include for the that I have. Mr. Speaker, this just confirms what RECORD the following information: I think it is needful that the Amer- we all know. The French Government ican people need to know how impor- cannot be trusted to tell the truth. One RADIOACTIVE LEAK FOUND AT FRANCE’S tant these islands were in World War wonders what other monstrosities they MURUROA II, even at this point in time. The fact have been hiding in the name of na- TOKYO (Reuter)—A Japanese newspaper that this covenant that was signed be- tional interest. said on Tuesday that France had detected a tween the leaders and the people of the Although the French routinely deny toxic radioactive substance near Mururoa Northern Marianas and the United that their nuclear tests threaten the Atoll in the South Pacific after resuming nu- clear testing there last September. States Government still to this day health and safety of Pacific residents holds a very important strategic im- Yomiuri Shimbun, quoting unnamed or endanger the region’s fragile marine sources close to the Geneva Conference on portance to our security interests in environment, documents from France’s Disarmament, said the radioactive substance that part of the world. I would ask the Atomic Energy Commission confirm called ‘‘Iodine 131’’ was detected near gentleman if this is still true. that at least three tests in the past Mururoa Atoll. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Absolutely. As a have also led to radioactive contamina- The sources said a specialist from the matter of fact, Saipan, which is the tion at Moruroa Atoll. Scientific mis- French Nuclear Energy Agency disclosed the principal island, is most identified to sions to Moruroa—although severely radiation leakage at an unofficial meeting in the people of this Nation as a battle- restricted by French authorities in to Washington last November of experts from ground but, of course, their importance their access to test sites, test data and prospective signatories of a Comprehensive continued dramatically even after time for study—have verified the pres- Test Ban Treaty. World War II, serving as a CIA base and The French expert, however, did not make ence of radioactive isotopes such as io- it clear exactly when the radioactive sub- providing military support for a num- dine-131, cesium-134, tritium, krypton- stance was detected. ber of years. 85, and plutonium. The presence of After making the disclosure, the French f these radioactive materials substan- expert asked the other participants to ‘‘for- tiate fears that leakage, venting, and FRENCH NUCLEAR TESTING IS get what they had just heard,’’ saying the accidental dispersal of radioactive ma- data was ‘‘extremely confidential,’’ the LEAKING RADIOACTIVITY INTO terials have occurred at France’s test sources were quoted as saying. SOUTH PACIFIC facilities in the two island atolls in the Quoting one source close to the Washing- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Pacific. ton meeting, Yomiuri said the radiation previous order of the House, the gen- Despite France’s assurances to the level of the substance was so low that it tleman from American Samoa [Mr. contrary, these reports and the events would not harm humans. But when Iodine 131, commonly detected FALEOMAVAEGA] is recognized for 5 of yesterday confirm that France’s un- after frequent nuclear tests, is taken into minutes. derground testing program cannot en- the human body, it could cause cancer, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, sure that radioactive contamination is Yomiuri said. since September of last year, France fully contained. France has defied worldwide protests and has resumed detonating nuclear bombs While France’s Defense Minister and conducted five nuclear weapons tests in the in coral atolls in the South Pacific, de- Foreign Minister denounce accounts South Pacific since last September. H 812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996

CLINTON URGES ACTION ON NUCLEAR TREATY would extend the 1963 Moscow treaty ban- But Alain Barthoux, director of nuclear (By Stephanie Nebehay) ning tests in the atmosphere and under tests at France’s Atomic Energy Commis- water. sion, acknowledged that traces of radio- GENEVA (Reuter)—President Clinton Asked whether a further French under- pressed Tuesday for a quick resolution to active material are usually ‘‘vented’’ into ground blast, due before May, might be talks on an underground nuclear test ban the lagoon when scientists drill down into harmful to the negotiations, Holum replied: treaty so the text could go to the U.N. Gen- the rock to obtain samples after every blast. ‘‘I would think it would be just the opposite. eral Assembly by June but India demanded Barthoux claimed, however, that such ‘‘This is our chance to accomplish a nu- nuclear powers first give assurances to leaks involve ‘‘insignificant amounts’’ of ra- clear CTBT. This window of opportunity may eliminate nuclear weapons, Clinton said. dioactive substances, such as cesium, trit- not stay open forever. But the Group of 21 countries, which in- ium or iodine, that vanish quickly in the en- ‘‘If countries are concerned by those tests, vironment. Quantities of iodine-131, for ex- cludes nuclear ‘‘threshold’’ states India and it seems to me that a CTBT is the answer, Pakistan, criticized the major powers for re- ample, which can cause cancer when ingested not the problem.’’ by humans, shrink by half within eight days fusing to open new negotiations on a nuclear Meanwhile, the Group of 21, in a statement disarmament treaty to eliminate nuclear and disappear entirely within 80 days, he read by Peru, called for immediately estab- said. weapons. lishing a special ad-hoc committee, under The 38-state negotiations, sponsored by the Barthoux denied a report in the Japan’s the conference, to negotiate a nuclear disar- Yomiuri Shimun newspaper that small United Nations, were overshadowed last year mament treaty. by France staging five underground nuclear amounts of radioactive iodine were continu- Pakistani Ambassador Munir Akram, in a ing to leak into the water as a result of the tests in the South Pacific, and two blasts by separate speech, said the Geneva conference China. latest round of nuclear tests. The paper faced a ‘‘moment of truth’’ at a time when quoted sources at the Geneva disarmament ‘‘A Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty there were no confrontations between the (CTBT) is vital to constrain both the spread conference, where the global test-ban treaty nuclear powers. is being negotiated, as saying a French nu- and further development of nuclear weap- ‘‘It is, therefore, most disturbing that clear expert disclosed the radiation leakage ons,’’ Clinton said in a message read by John most of the nuclear weapon states seem to be at a meeting in Washington last November. Holum, director of the U.S. Arms Control unprepared to consider the measures re- The French specialist was quoted as saying and Disarmament Agency. quired to lead to the complete elimination of the information was ‘‘extremely confiden- ‘‘Now, urgent national political decisions nuclear weapons. must complement your painstaking work in ‘‘Some of them, while reducing their nu- tial.’’ Geneva, so that the Conference can forward clear arsenals quantitatively, are upgrading France first acknowledged the release of a completed Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty them qualitatively,’’ Akram added. radioactivity from its nuclear tests when to the U.N. General Assembly by June.’’ oceanographer Jacques Cousteau visited the In New Delhi, Foreign Ministry spokesman [From the Washington Post, Jan. 24, 1996] Mururoa site in 1987 and was allowed to con- duct independent tests of the water in the la- Arif Khan told reporters India’s conditions FRANCE ACKNOWLEDGES RADIOACTIVE goon. He found the presence of radioactive to support the CTBT were unchanged despite LEAKAGE IN SOUTH PACIFIC NUCLEAR TESTS Western pressure. iodine, cesium, cobalt and europium, but in He said India’s stand was clearly stated in (By William Drozdiak) quantities that were not considered dan- Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao’s ad- PARIS.—France acknowledged today that gerous. dress to the recent summit of non-aligned radioactive materials have leaked into the But he warned the Mururoa’s coral crown countries. sea from its nuclear tests in the South Pa- was deeply cracked and could pose a problem India exploded a nuclear device in 1974 but cific but insisted that the quantities were so if testing continued. He said risks grew that says its nuclear program is peaceful. It de- minimal that they posed no threat to the en- higher levels of radioactive residue could clined to sign the Nuclear Non-proliferation vironment. seep into the the lagoon. Treaty last year, saying the pact discrimi- The confirmation that radioactive ele- French Defense Minister Charles Million nated against non-nuclear powers. ments such as iodine-131 have seeped into the denounced reports from last year of widening ‘‘A handful of nations perpetuated their lagoon near the Mururoa test site seemed fissures in the atoll as ‘‘unreliable.’’ Foreign monopoly over the means of mutually as- likely to revive the storm of protests that Minister Herve de Charette told the National sured destruction by the indefinite extension followed President Jacques Chirac’s decision Assembly that ‘‘never have any cracks of of the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty,’’ to conduct a final series of underground nu- any kind been spotted.’’ Rao told the non-aligned summit. clear explosions before signing a global test- But a confidential Defense Ministry report ‘‘They did so without even obtaining an ex- ban treaty. acknowledged the government has been pression of intent to eventually abolish all Japanese Foreign Minister Yukihiko Ikeda aware, at least since 1979, that Mururoa’s un- nuclear weapons as envisaged in that treaty said he will demand a full explanation from derwater basalt foundation is fractured sev- itself.’’ France about the nature of the leaks. Other eral places. India says it wants both the CTBT and a countries in the Pacific region, notably Aus- proposed convention on the cut-off of fissile tralia and New Zealand, are expected to fol- f material for weapons. low suit, French officials said. ‘‘While the aim of both these treaties are Defying international criticism, France b 1645 laudable, and we support them whole- has carried out five nuclear tests since Sep- heartedly, we must ensure that we do not tember to verify a new warhead and to per- UPDATE ON AMERICA’S PEACE- lose yet another opportunity to obtain a fect simulation technology that will be used KEEPING MISSION IN BOSNIA commitment to universal and comprehensive to monitor reliability of its nuclear weapons. nuclear disarmament,’’ Rao said. A final test will take place next month be- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. But Holum told a news briefing in Geneva fore the test site is shut down permanently, HUTCHINSON). Under a previous order of that Clinton’s message ‘‘made clear that this French officials said. the House, the gentleman from Mis- is a very high priority commitment of the But the latest accounts of radioactive souri [Mr. SKELTON] is recognized for 5 United States. We are dedicated to comple- leakage at the Mururoa test site have raised minutes. questions about the credibility of the French tion of the test ban on time. We believe that Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, today I will happen.’’ government’s arguments that the nuclear ex- Holum, noting some states wanted to link plosions present no environmental menace. am giving this second in a series of the CTBT to a timetable for totally elimi- ‘‘There is no way to assess whether their is speeches updating the Congress on the nating nuclear weapons, warned in his a coverup because the French do now allow state of our peacekeeping mission in speech: ‘‘ . . . I must acknowledge that the independent verification,’’ said Tom Coch- Bosnia. Last night in his State of the CTBT is at risk here in Geneva.’’ ran, a nuclear-test specialist at the Natural Union Address the President thanked He said it was imperative to report the Resources Defense Council in Washington. the American troops taking part in the ‘‘What makes people suspicious about wheth- complete text of the CTBT to the General Bosnian peacekeeping mission and the Assembly by June ‘‘at the very latest.’’ er they are hearing the truth is the fact that This would allow governments to examine these tests were really unnecessary in the families that support them in their ef- the text, endorse it at the General Assembly first place.’’ forts. Also, it was good to see the and open it for signature in September. France has already contended that its un- President make a visit to the forces in All five declared nuclear powers: Britain, derground nuclear blasts inflict no damage Hungary and in Bosnia just a few days China, France, Russia and the United States on the fragile ecology of the Mururoa coral ago. The Americans in uniform seemed are taking part in the talks. atoll, 750 miles southeast of Tahiti, which to appreciate this. I am pleased the Holum said the United States continued to serves as its principal test site. Explosive de- President made the trip. Mr. Speaker, believe a moratorium on testing, as observed vices are bored deep within the basalt foun- by Washington, was the most positive way to dation of the atoll, and French scientists say the men and women in our country’s support the negotiations. the intense heat from the blast vitrifies the military deserve the full support of But he also said the latest blasts might rock and traps all radioactivity before it can every Member in this body and the help forge consensus around a CTBT, which escape. American people. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 813 There continue to be causes for con- Bosnia should certify on a regular basis which we were going to move ahead cern regarding our peacekeeping mis- that no such outside Muslim fundamental- and see the Federal Government usurp sion in Bosnia. First, there is the en- ists remain. If any of these groups reappear, control of one-seventh of our economy during presence of Muslim extremists the arming and training effort paid for by with a national health care plan. American tax dollars should cease. in that country. According to news re- This is a basic issue. Such certification Then last night he said that the era ports, most recently in an article in will not only strengthen the outcome of the of Big Government has come to an end, last Sunday’s Washington Post, some peace effort, but will enhance the safety of so I was gratified to see that shift, but Muslim extremists who previously our American forces in that region. If the if one looks at those speeches that aided the Bosnians in their military ef- Administration insists on arming and train- have been delivered from the campaign forts have not left the country. Many ing the Federation through ‘‘soldiers for of 1992 through the governance of the of these groups oppose the presence of hire’’, we must use this effort as a club to en- Clinton administration over the past 3 our troops. Their stated opposition to sure Muslim extremists leave the country. Very truly yours, years to the speech that was delivered our mission poses a serious threat to IKE SKELTON, right behind me here last night, it is the success of our peacekeeping effort Member of Congress. very interesting. and the safety of American troops. Second, Mr. Speaker, there is the One of the things in the speech that On January 18 I sent a letter to concern of mission creep for our forces troubled me greatly was a statement President Clinton asking that the in Bosnia. I addressed this concern in that was made toward the end of his American-led effort to arm and train my January 3 speech. Recently the speech. I would like to share that, be- the Muslim Croat Federation be de- Americans have been urged to provide cause it is something that concerns not layed until groups such as the Iranians security for investigators looking into only all of us from California, but from and Mujaheddin leave Bosnia. I asked Serb atrocities. The commander of the other parts of the country as well. the President to require Bosnia to cer- forces in the region, Adm. Leighton The President said, ‘‘but there are tify on a regular basis that no such Smith, is to be commended for his re- some areas that the Federal Govern- outside extremist Muslim forces re- sistance to deeper American involve- ment’’ must address directly and main. If any of these groups reappear, ment in these investigations. strongly. One of these is the problem of the arming and training effort would Third, there seems to be a serious illegal immigration. ‘‘After years and cease. years of neglect, this administration For several months I have voiced breach of the Dayton peace agreement by the refusal of all three sides to re- has taken a strong stand to stiffen the concern that assisting the Federation protection of our borders.’’ would jeopardize the neutrality of the lease prisoners of war, despite a stipu- The thing that troubles me about U.S. troops. Although the U.S. military lation in the accord that required that is that while it is great that the will not have a direct role in arming doing so by last Friday. This refusal President said it, it is great that the and training, independent contractors, bodes ill for the future prospects of President is proceeding with a focus on including retired U.S. military officers, peace. this issue, but over the past year, since will conduct the operation. But if the These are three ongoing concerns we have seen a new majority come into administration insists on arming and that this body and the American people this Congress, since we have seen the training the Federation through sol- should keep in mind. Our hopes and our fine work of my colleague, the gen- diers for hire, we should use the effort prayers are with the success of the mis- tleman from California, ELTON as a club to make sure Muslim extrem- sion and the safety of the uniformed GALLEGLY, who chairs our task force ists leave the country. Americans in Bosnia. This is a difficult Mr. Speaker, I include for the task, but I remain so very proud of the on illegal immigration, since we have seen the Speaker’s Task Force on Cali- RECORD a copy of the January 18 letter. men and women who wear the Amer- The letter referred to is as follows: ican uniforms. fornia focus on the issue of illegal im- migration as its number one priority, CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, f HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, and thanks to the great work of people Washington, DC, January 18, 1996. PRESIDENT CLINTON’S STATE OF like the gentleman from Kentucky, The PRESIDENT, THE UNION SPEECH AND BOR- HAL ROGERS, and the chairman of the The White House, Washington, DC. DER PROTECTION FOR CALIFOR- Committee on Appropriations, we have DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: It appears the Ad- NIA been able to move ahead with very im- ministration is proceeding with arming and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a portant legislation that, tragically, the training the Muslim-Croat Federation, not President has vetoed. with our military as originally proposed, but previous order of the House, the gen- by independent contractors. It further ap- tleman from California [Mr. DREIER] is I would like to share with my col- pears the contractors are former U.S. mili- recognized for 5 minutes. leagues a letter which I have just sent tary leaders. Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I have today to the President, in which I say, I remain opposed to any arming and train- taken this time to make some brief ‘‘I was greatly encouraged by your de- ing of the Federation, as I believe there ex- comments on the State of the Union cision to include addressing illegal im- ists a military balance between the Federa- Message last night to say first that, as migration as a national priority in tion and the Serbs. Also, this effort still has Tuesday’s State of the Union Address. American fingerprints, with only a short dis- I said earlier today, it was interesting tance between the contractors and our mili- to juxtapose the State of the Union However, in this light, I was dismayed tary. It reinforces the perception that we are Messages of the past to the State of the by your veto record that has killed his- not neutral in the peacekeeping mission. Union Message that we got last night. toric congressional proposals to com- This effort is proceeding, despite the resolu- If we go back to the campaign of 1992, bat illegal immigration and lift the tion that passed the House 287–141 on Dec. 13 we heard a very strong message that burden of illegal immigration from which states ‘‘the United States Government came from candidate Bill Clinton. He States like California.’’ in all respects should be impartial and even- Those include, Mr. Speaker, provid- handed with all parties to the conflict.’’ promised to end welfare as we know it, If the Administration proceeds, I urge you balance the Federal budget, and in ing $500 million to reimburse States for to require the Bosnian government to ensure fact, bring about a reduction of the tax the cost of incarcerating illegal immi- all Muslim fundamentalists, such as Iranians burden on working Americans, that grant felons in State prisons, tripling and mujaheddin, have been expelled before middle class tax cut. Then, in the State prior year funding, and relieving Cali- any arming and training begins. According of the Union Message in 1993, we obvi- fornia taxpayers of a $300 million bur- to news reports, some Muslim extremists ously saw the message that ended up den that clearly is a Federal respon- who previously aided the Bosnians in their being the largest tax increase in Amer- sibility; military efforts have not left the country. Their stated opposition to our mission poses ican history. Then, 2 years ago, we saw Second, increasing funding for INS a threat to the success of the peacekeeping right here in the well of the House a border control efforts by $300 million, effort and the safety of American troops in State of the Union Message in which to add 1,000 Border Patrol agents and the region. the President held up a card, a card in 400 support staff; H 814 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 Third, establishing that illegal immi- these measures, as well as comprehensive The Gingrich Republicans’ sneaky as- grants do not qualify for any Federal immigration reform, enacted this year. sault on education, however, shouldn’t or State welfare programs; Sincerely, come as a surprise to anyone because Fourth, prohibiting illegal immi- DAVID DREIER, the new majority has already passed Chairman. grants from qualifying for taxpayer- some of the most antieducation legisla- provided health care services; f tion I have ever seen. And finally, creating a new $3.5 bil- EDUCATION Just take a look at the education lion Federal fund to assist hospitals budget for 1996 which the House has al- with the cost of emergency health care The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a ready approved. to illegal immigrants, with $1.6 billion previous order of the House, the gentle- This terrible bill cuts: Head Start, of that going to the State of California. woman from California [Ms. WOOLSEY] Chapter One, Safe and Drug-free Mr. Speaker, it was wonderful that is recognized for 5 minutes. Schools, School-to-Work, and voca- the president would stand here and Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Speaker, there’s tional and adult education. talk about this issue, but he has been more than meets the eye when we hear In all, it cuts education by 13 percent given the opportunity to address those the Republicans talking about their in 1 year alone—13 percent. concerns that not only the people in plans to keep the Government running But that’s nothing compared to what that State, where 54 electoral votes are through the rest of the year. they want to do to our education sys- held, but people around the country are Their latest plan is to introduce a tem over the next 7 years. concerned, and when he has been given new temporary spending bill each The new majority’s 7-year budget that opportunity, he has chosen to month to keep the Government run- plan would deny Head Start to 180,000 bring out his veto pen and in fact slap ning. children by 2002. the face of those who have been focus- That plan might not appear too bad It eliminates Goals 2000, which helps ing on this issue. at first to the public but when the schools meet higher national standards He opposed proposition 187 in Califor- American people take a closer look and increase parental involvement. nia, which passed by an overwhelming they’ll quickly see that this month-by- It kills Americorps, which has pro- landslide, people saying that the State month approach will leave our schools vided thousands of Americans with col- of California should not be responsible and teachers with the two main ingre- lege tuition assistance in exchange for for what is clearly a Federal issue. So dients for disaster—too little time and community service. it saddens me that while I am pleased too little money! And, it cuts in half the President’s that the statement was made, that the Right now is the time of year when program aimed at helping schools bring record of President Clinton on the schools—elementary schools, high technology into the classroom. issue of illegal immigration and the schools, and colleges—begin to plan for Under their budget, my State of Cali- record of past congresses in the control the next school year which, in case my fornia alone will lose, among other of his party is that people have chosen friends on the other side of the aisle things, $1 billion for the School Lunch to ignore this. In the past year, we have forgotten, begins in September. Program, and over 181,000 Californians have successfully stepped up to the Schools can’t wait until the new fis- will be denied participation in the cost- plate to deal with it, and unfortu- cal year to hire teachers, buy books effective Direct Student Loan Pro- nately, the President has chosen to and computers, and repair damaged gram. veto it. buildings. My friends, that’s the wrong direc- Mr. Speaker, I include for the If we don’t pass a year-long appro- tion, and that’s not the way we are priation, elementary and secondary RECORD the letter of January 24, 1996, supposed to be taking care of our chil- to which I referred: schools won’t know how many teachers dren. they can afford to hire. They won’t be CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, Mr. Speaker, we can balance the able to plan special programs. Students OFFICE OF THE SPEAKER, budget, but it does not have to be on Washington, DC, January 24, 1996. at postsecondary schools could be hurt the back of our children and their edu- Task Force on California. even more by the Republican strategy. cation. DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I was greatly encour- If Congress does not set the maximum As the President talked about in his aged by your decision to include addressing amount for Pell grants, colleges and speech last night, we can continue to illegal immigration as a national priority in universities won’t be able to figure how Tuesday’s State of the Union Address. How- move this Nation forward without leav- much financial aid their eligible stu- ing those who depend on Government ever, in this light, I was dismayed by your dents will get. veto record that has killed historic congres- the most—our children and their edu- sional proposals to combat illegal immigra- Even worse, students won’t know if cation—behind. tion and lift the burden of illegal immigra- they will receive the financial aid they Let’s stop playing politics with our tion from states like California. These pro- need to go to college. Nation’s schools and students. They posals include: That’s not how we should be treating need time to plan, and they need ade- Providing $500 million to reimburse states our Nation’s students. for the cost of incarcerating illegal immi- quate funding to meet the growing But, on top of robbing our schools needs of our students. grant felons in state prisons, tripling prior and students of crucial planning time, year funding and relieving California tax- I urge my colleagues to pass a clean the new majority month-to-month ap- payers of a $300 million burden; continuing resolution immediately Increasing funding for INS border control proach to governing is going to rob that ensures that our schools can do efforts by $300 million to add 1,000 border pa- them of crucial funding. their jobs, so that our children are pre- trol agents and 400 inspectors; Let me make it clear. If the Gingrich pared for the challenges of the next Establishing that illegal immigrants do Republicans continue to fund edu- century. not qualify for any federal or state welfare cation at the level in the continuing programs; resolution that is set to expire this f Prohibiting illegal immigrants from quali- week, education will be cut by a total b fying for taxpayer-provided health care serv- 1700 of $3.1 billion below last year. ices; and LEARNING FROM OUR HISTORY Creating a new $3.5 billion federal fund to And that, my friends, will be the assist hospitals with the cost of emergency largest cut to education in the history The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a health care to illegal immigrants, with $1.6 of this country. previous order of the House, the gen- billion targeted to California. You have to wonder what they are tleman from California [Mr. DORNAN] is While I was disappointed in 1994 when you thinking on the other side of the aisle. recognized for 60 minutes. chose to oppose California’s Proposition 187, At a time when numerous polls show Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, while my which was overwhelmingly supported by that improving the quality of public good friend from Arkansas is in the California citizens, it has been more dis- heartening to see vetoed the California dele- education is the top priority for Ameri- chair, I plan not to bore you, sir, but to gation’s efforts to implement federal policies cans, the Gingrich Republicans are educate you. You are already pretty to meet the goals of Proposition 187. I look planning to cut funding for education darn educated, and I love your State; forward to working with you to see each of more than it has ever been cut before. and I have told you more than once, January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 815 there are 23 Medal of Honor winners point of the spear, circling into Iraq, vivor of the Holocaust, 14 years of age, from Arkansas, and it is a great State. cutting around Kuwait, and that he survived a hell on Earth, the horror of And it is under a cloud for awhile, but had been allowed to complete his mis- Auschwitz. Clinton couldn’t refer to it is going to be liberated 286 days from sion and he was shocked that he was General McCaffrey and say, he won right now, 285 from when we wake up in not allowed to, as I saw him so state on those honors fighting for his country the morning, to regain its place in the television in a documentary. and fighting for the country of Viet- pantheon of the 50 American States. He could have taken Basra, cut off nam that I helped to turn over to com- Let me take a moment again to do the Republican Guard. Tens of thou- munism and that I am now normalizing what I did in one of the five times I sands of Kurdish men, women, and chil- relations with the Communist killers spoke today, a 1-minute four times on dren would not have been butchered in who tore up General McCaffrey’s arm, the defense bill, and point out again the north. Saddam Hussein would have gave him those three Purple Hearts, the headlines from yesterday, last been captured and executed by his own using Russian equipment and Russian night, or the headlines this morning. officers, 400 of whom he tortured to bullets and AK–47 rifles to tear up this Mr. Speaker, are you aware that last death because we didn’t end that war, young captain’s body. night, because I was on television a like the person that my good and hon- And where was Clinton when Moscow year ago last night on all three net- orable friend George Bush called Hit- was sending those weapons to Hanoi? works, CNN all day long, PBS, because ler. He was in Moscow. Unbelievable. I inadvertently used formal words from So here is Barry McCaffrey, two Now, here are the headlines, Mr. the U.S. Constitution about giving aid stars. He gets a third star. Clinton Speaker. Clinton Embraces GOP and comfort to an enemy. I had not re- comes into office, McCaffrey is coming Themes in Setting the Agenda. alized how archaic this language was. over as Chief of the Joint Chiefs, and Wednesday, today, January 24, 21 years I carry around a Constitution most of he is sitting in the waiting room at the ago today my hero dad died. As I said the time. Here it is. What it says in ar- White House 2 years, 10 months ago, in my 1-minute, he would be tormented ticle III, section 3, in very archaic lan- and a prepubescent puke staffer of by the lack of character and integrity guage, listen to this and why I should Clinton’s walks up to him when he at the top of our Government today. have said sustenance and support to says, good morning, and she comes The era of big government is over, the Communist enemies in Hanoi, re- over to him and leans in his face and Clinton tells the Nation. Here is the ferring to a certain 23-year-old Rhodes says, we don’t talk to people who wear New York Times, America’s so-called scholar who is ditching class to travel the uniform down here at the White mother paper, whose motto is, All the Europe lobbying for a Ho Chi Minh vic- House. News That’s Fit to Print, Clinton of- tory. But here is article III, section 3, Now, Clinton told Gen. Colin Powell, fers challenge to the Nation, the era of and of course I did not mean treason. who was then Chairman of the Joint big government is over. Subtitle, ap- You have to be very smart and diaboli- Chiefs, try and get me an I.D. on this peal to voters, tries to preempt the cal and clever to be engaged in treason. young woman staffer and we will nail GOP message. Article III, section 3, U.S. Constitu- her; and Colin Powell promptly said, I How about this one; that was the tion: Treason against the United am not interested in who it is or find- New York Times. Here is the Washing- States shall consist only in levying war ing out who this one person is. Change ton Times, a better newspaper if you against them, meaning the States, the attitude of your staff toward people are looking for hard-core truth or con- they always wrote that way in our pre- in the military. servative reporting. Clinton concedes Civil War, true Federalist period, or in Well, of course, all of this was picked the end of the big government era, adhering to their, the States’, enemies, up from the top down, from the loath- State of the Union stresses responsibil- giving them aid and comfort; and in some remarks in the letter to one of ity and self-reliance. the original document, they actually Arkansas’s great retirees, Bataan Well, before the media would—before gave a capital letter A to aid and a cap- Death March survivor Col. Eugene the media calls me and says, well, what would you have done as a theme to- ital C to comfort. Holmes, and had the honor 11 months night? I thought back to something No person shall be convicted of trea- ago to have dinner with him and his written 23 years ago by Alistair Cooke. son unless on the testimony of two wit- beautiful Irene, his wife of 55 or 60 Some people may remember the great nesses to the same overt act or on con- years down in their home in Fayette- character Archie Bunker. He called fession in open court. Even then, our ville. This letter still resonates in my original Founding Fathers, the colo- him Alistair DeCooke. head when I look up at Mr. Clinton Alistair Cooke was one of those rare nialists, British citizens, tell the Con- standing there at that roster where people who kept his British homeland cord Bridge and Lexington Green gun- Winston Churchill has stood more than citizenship and became an American fights, they were very strict about once, Douglas MacArthur has stood, all citizen. He came here in 1938 right be- what treason is. So, of course, I meant the great and not-so-great leaders of fore World War II as one of the young nothing about treason. the world of late, and I look when he reporters for the BBC. He stayed on to I had my words taken down, and I re- talks about families. be the immediate prior host of Master- fused to apologize because the essence And I look at my own stickers and piece Theater. He loved the United of my remarks was true and is true bumper stickers and signs that I have States, loved our mother country, bril- now, that when Mr. Clinton puts in the used all during this Presidential quest liantly reported for Vogue. And my col- gallery Barry McCaffrey, I didn’t have and it says, Faith, Family and Free- leagues who may be listening, I am time in my 1-minute to really explain dom, the motto of all of my congres- joined on the floor by my pal, SONNY that General McCaffrey is one of our sional campaigns, and I hear this reso- BONO of California. SONNY, I want you combat CINC’s. He is the Commander nate in Clinton’s remarks last night. to listen to this for your kids. in Chief of Southern Command, sta- Faith, family, and he talks about this Mr. Speaker, listen to Alistair Cooke tioned in Panama. He is an outstanding noble Gen. Barry McCaffrey fighting in a birthday present for our 200th bi- man, and when I met him in Desert for freedom and for his country. centennial, written 4 years in advance Storm as the two-star major general As I pointed out this morning, Clin- in 1972, published by Knopf & Company division commander of the 24th Mecha- ton could not gag out of his throat the in 1973, run on television in 13 wonder- nized Infantry Division, not knowing word Vietnam. He talked about fully produced 1-hour presentations, 13 then, unless he had the battle plan, McCaffrey’s Silver Stars, two of them; documentaries, called Alistair Cooke’s that Schwarzkopf, General most people die earning that highest America, rerun 3 years later in our Schwarzkopf would pick him to be the decoration. It is No. 3 after Medal of exact bicentennial year. point of the spear and to be the main Honor, Distinguished Service Cross. He Here is his present, and imagine if trusted armored force, backed up by said he had three Purple Hearts, as my Clinton had said words like this. Now, the 101st Airborne in the Harbor Divi- dad did in World War I, but he could remember, this is written 24 years ago sion like the 101st that is now in not tell us, sitting next to his beautiful this spring and summer. Bosnia coming down from Europe, bri- daughter Chelsea and then Mrs. Clin- What is fiercely in dispute, Mr. gades thereof, that he would be the ton and on this side the great hero sur- Cooke says, between the Communist H 816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 and non-Communist nations today is quoting from original Roman 2,000 siveness, this seems to me a disastrous the quality and staying power of Amer- years old, nothing could reconcile the sentimentality, which, whatever lib- ican civilization. Who uses that term minds of the barbarians to peace unless erties it sets loose, loosens also the ce- more than any of us, ‘‘American civili- they experienced in their own country ment that alone can bind any society zation’’? Why, our Speaker, NEWT the calamities of war. into a stable compound. GINGRICH. Maybe NEWT is on to some- And who used that immoral Roman A code of obeyed taboos. That means thing. policy on the Vietnamese, the Lao- taboos on child abuse, homosexuality, Every other country scorns American tians, and the Cambodians? Robert adultery, all the taboos that are writ- materialism while striving in every big Strange, his mother’s maiden name, I ten into Mosaic law and written about and little way to match it; envy obvi- guess, McNamara. That criminal, powerfully and poetically in the Old ously has something to do with it. But McNamara, who has poured salt into Testament, the Bible of the Hebrew there is a true basis for this debate, the raw wounds of all of the MIA fami- people. and it is whether America is in its as- lies across this country with his I can only recall the saying of a wise cendance or its decline. groveling Council of Foreign Relations- Frenchman that ‘‘Liberty is the luxury Cooke continues, and I used to have organized trip to Hanoi and his appear- of self-discipline.’’ this memorized, the next three para- ance on talk shows across this country Self-discipline. What does Clinton graphs, probably could still recite it with some sort of gutless apology for say last night? He stresses responsibil- without looking at the page, but I want what he did not only to our young men ity and self-reliance. Self-discipline. it to be precisely correct. I traveled to and our eight nurses whose names are What a source for those virtues. Historically, those peoples that did all 50 of our States on child pornog- on the Vietnam memorial wall, but not discipline themselves had dis- raphy, all of 1973, 1974, 1975, and what he did to millions of South Viet- cipline thrust upon them from the out- intermixed with my campaigning in namese and North Vietnamese, and side. Usually, Mr. Speaker, in a bloody my first congressional victory in 1976, eventually created the failed pattern revolution. Or in a bloody revolution. opening my speeches all over America, by a gutless President LBJ to turn all That is why, Cooke continues, the nor- including Arkansas, Mr. Speaker, with of Southeast Asia over to communism. mal cycle of life and death of great na- these words: I myself, Alistair Cooke, b 1715 tions has been first a powerful tyranny, think I recognize here in America sev- broken by a revolt, the enjoyment of eral of the symptoms that Edward Gib- So it is McNamara that he is talking liberty, then the abuse of liberty, and bon maintained were signs of the de- about here in 1973, even though he re- back to tyranny again. As I see it in cline of Rome and which arose not signed 5 years before, but McNamara this country, America, a land of the from external enemies, but from inside was still in his 5th of 13 years at the most persistent idealism and the the country itself. World Bank, drawing about, in now blandest cynicism, and this is where it Then I would take a footnote and dollars, $800,000 to $900,000 a year tax ended my memory of these paragraphs, quote Abraham Lincoln when he was free for 13 years since he walked off the the race is on between its decadence about 38 years of age where he said this battlefield in Vietnam, McNamara, and and its vitality. country would never be conquered from only did it come to an end in Reagan’s first year of 1981. The race is on, 24 years ago. And outside, no despot would ever take a what a race it has been these last two- drink of water from the Ohio River; Back to Alistair Cooke’s TV series and the book that grew from it, and-a-half decades. How did anybody that if we collapsed, it would be suicide ever believe that somebody with such ‘‘America.’’ from our own decadence. disrespect for the Presidency, the of- There is too, Cooke says, the general Alistair Cooke continues, the signs of fice of the Presidency, would come to desire to live off the state, whether it Rome: a mounting love of show and us as a perpetual Governor in a one- is a junkie on welfare or an airline sub- luxury, a widening gap between the party State, changed by the gentleman sidized by the Government. very rich and the very poor, our liberal in the chair and a vibrant growing Re- We did end that during my tenure colleagues could agree with that one, publican Party in Arkansas, that a per- here. an obsession with sex. son would come to the Democratic pri- In a notion that Washington, big Think of modern American television mary process with so much baggage daddy, will provide, and most disturb- today: prime time, afternoon soap op- that we are still reading in our papers ing of all, a developing moral numb- eras, slime-ball talk shows. They are about grand juries and suicides and is ness to vulgarity, to violence, and to still on, all claiming they will reform it a murder and Whitewater and one the assault on the simplest of human within the next 6 months, still running horrible $100,000 bribe hidden by cattle ads backing, trying to seek broken and decencies. futures; Jennifer Flower’s name rico- dysfunctional families to come on and This is written 24 years ago. Quo cheting around, Paula Corbin Jones, make fools of themselves, an obsession vadis, whither goest thou? What have Marilyn Jo Jenkins, Sally Perdue. And with sex. we done since then? Yet the original I am lectured to? In the week my Get this next line, Mr. Speaker, and institutions of this country still have grandchild is born, that I must cherish think how many debates we have had great vitality. The republic can be the children? And I must be a good in the last decade; this is written 24 kept, but only if we care to keep it. family man? years ago: Freakishness in the arts There Alistair Cooke is paraphrasing Look at these quotes that I wrote masquerading as originality, and en- the great Benjamin Franklin some 200 down last night. I did not want to be thusiasm pretending to creativeness, years earlier. disrespectful to the office, so I did not these symptoms are shared by Western Much of the social turmoil in Amer- sit in this Chamber. Here is the first Europe, though they seem to be milder ica springs from the energy of people note I took down. The era of big gov- there, only because America has a who are trying to apply those institu- ernment is over. livelier tradition of self-criticism. tions to forgotten memories and who That is what I said when I ran for Thank heavens for our self-criticism. have awakened after a long sleep. Congress in 1976. Citizens must not be In the past decade, that would be 1963 I thought Republicans, conservatives, left to fend for themselves. What does to 1973, America has demonstrated the because the other power was decaying that mean? Is that what Alistair Cooke Roman folly of exercising military and were devoid of ideas, I thought we was talking about, big daddy, let Wash- might in places remote from the cen- would take that power in the late sev- ington do it? What has that got to do ters of power. He is referring to Viet- enties, and because of Watergate, and with self-reliance and responsibility? nam. Could that also mean Somalia, again corruption at the top, my party Is it the command of Mother Teresa, Haiti, or Bosnia in the Balkan winter? was to wander for 40 years in the politi- who shook my hand on December 8 and Cooke continues, And in finding her- cal desert. said, ‘‘When you are President, a spe- self, America, so frustrated by the Back to Cooke: As to the rage to be- cial love for the poor and vulnerable.’’ stamina of primitive peoples on their lieve that we found the secret of lib- But she means all those little infants own ground as to fall back to the erty, in general permissiveness from in their mother’s wombs. Yes, she com- Roman conclusion that, and he is the cradle on, that is liberal permis- mands us and every rich nation in the January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 817 world to love the poor. But I do not And I repeated what got me my words tary Personnel, Mr. Speaker, you bet- think that is exactly what we were taken down last year about claiming ter believe I will be having hearings on talking about last night, because any that there is no Russian missiles point- that. time either one of the Clintons meets ed at us. What got me a little exorcised So there is the two bad things about with Mother Theresa, they give her a year ago this week was he said we the defense bill today. Why we had to great lip service, and then disregard ev- won the cold war. take out U.N. command and control erything she says the minute when she That brought to mind the joke I beats me, but is that going to be a key leaves their country. The same with heard as a kid when Tonto and the Presidential issue of the next 286 days? Pope John Paul II, Billy Graham, or Lone Ranger were surrounded. He says And I have been on that trail without the head of the Southern Baptist Con- ‘‘What are we going to do, Tonto?’’ And much money, back in the track, let me vention. says ‘‘What do you mean we, Kemo tell you without refutation, Mr. Speak- Self-reliance, teamwork, we must Sabe?’’ No we. Clinton had nothing to er, the surest standing ovation in Re- have both. That is what we are devel- do with winning the cold war. Never publican primaries, whether it is Bu- oping on this side of the aisle, team- lifted a pinkie. As a matter of fact, he chanan or Keyes or Lamar Alexander work. He talks about a new, smaller was helping the other side, because it or our leader in the other body, BOB Government, finally, when we have $5 was an undeclared war. Again, there DOLE, the minute one of us says to U.S. trillion of debt and we are heading for are people I call traitors. He is not one men and women under foreign or U.N. $6 trillion, before we begin to even turn of them, not some misguided 23-year- control, instant standing ovation, Mr. around that debt. old student ditching class at Oxford Speaker, pounding standing ovation, I was in the well the day before yes- and traveling through all the Scan- long. And Clinton wants to take that terday with Molly Christine Oona Dor- dinavian capitals who were on the one on and demanded that we take our nan, Molly O. Dornan, not 10 days old wrong sides of that conflict for freedom language out of the bill. when I had her here, and look at the against Barry McCaffrey and his quest Here are a few notes on that. In debt that we have already put on all of to rid Vietnam of oppression, as my vetoing the defense bill, in part due to my 10 grandchildren. Although like I dad helped rid France of oppression at the provisions on U.N. and foreign com- am seventh or eighth here in the the beginning of this century. mand the control, Clinton dem- House, I am like a piker compared to No, we have got one heck of a battle onstrated once again he is more inter- JIM BUNNING who is sitting here with 28 before us. And let me give some good ested in furthering the multilateral grandchildren, or HENRY GONZALEZ, news here on the defense authorization agenda of the United Nations than in with 31 or 32 and a couple of great- bill that we just won with 287 votes to looking out for the welfare of U.S. grandchildren, or RON PACKARD, one of 129. Now, just some simple arithmetic troops. my colleagues from Orange County, for young students who may be follow- This is all from Mr. SPENCE’s team, who has 32 grandchildren, I think. ing the course of events here on the these talking points. The provision in What a debt we have put on all of floor. Mr. Speaker. To override a Presi- question would have required by law these kids. When I talk about our pos- dent’s veto in this House you need two- that before placing U.S. troops under terity or our children around here, I thirds. Two-thirds of 435 is 290. So if the operation and control of the United am thinking of names and faces. I have you are looking up at the lights at ei- Nations, or any other foreign entity, a got five and five now, five grandsons ther end of the Chamber and you see who are going to be told you can do President would have to certify that it that they hit 145, you know that the anything with a woman you want, and would be in the national security inter- President is going to be supported in a have high school kids say to me. And est to do so. It would not have prohib- veto. They hit 129. on my other side, I have five grand- ited a President from placing U.S. We did not have to hit 290, although forces under the U.N. control. It would daughters. Every single one of these I saw three Republicans running who shows I turn on now is all T&A, and in have merely required that he formally missed the vote, who were all going to justify such action in writing to this the trade they know what that means. vote with me, so we would have hit 290. Mr. Clinton says last night he wants Congress, thereby to our American peo- Now, if he vetoes this defense author- to meet with the executives of the tele- ple. Rather than weaken our provision, ization bill because of Dornan language vision industry. SONNY BONO is trying the conference agreement drops this in it to cut off abortions, to put out of to do a terrific job to try to talk com- provision. Again, no deal is better than mon sense to these people. That was the military, respectfully, gently, over a bad deal. one of the best real lines in the speech. 6 months, with full military hospital This action represents a continued Produce things you want your children service and an honorable discharge, commitment to the principle that only to look at. That does not means a people who stuck a filthy needle in qualified U.S. commanders, like Barry tough version of Shakespeare or vio- their arm, rolled up their white, khaki, McCaffrey, should command U.S. lence where it is necessary when you or blue sleeve to stick a needle in their troops in battle. are doing a cocaine story in South arms and get infected with the HIV In contrast, the Clinton administra- America or something. But this mind- virus, and we are going to give them an tion continues to insist, I call this the less violence, even by some conserv- honorable discharge. If they go to a Strobe Talbot factor, the Clintons had ative producers, and Sylvester men’s room and have unsafe sex with a dinner with him again on New Year’s Stallone’s name comes to mind, and stranger, anal sex, we are going to give Eve or New Year’s Day while our other people, Arnold Schwarzenegger, them an honorable discharge in 6 troops, and I, were in Germany at the who are supposed to be associated with months. If they go to a house of pros- railheads, trying not to mash their fin- the Republican side of events and is- titution and have sex, against orders of gers in ice rings, lashing all that heavy sues. This worship of violence, egre- their commander, do not go to that armored equipment to trains that go gious, promiscuous sex, and a sneaky house of prostitution, it is off limits, through disgusting railheads in Hun- little message that drugs are OK, I do every prostitute is infected with AID’s, gary where, there were no toilet facili- not know how we are going to get it and they break the law, dishonorably, ties or anything, and there is Clinton done under this Presidency, over the and go, they get a 6-month time to ad- golfing at Hilton Head at South Caro- next 286 days, any more than we did just their affairs, FIIGMO, FIIGMO lina with Strobe Talbot. under Mr. Nixon. means, let me get a softer version, But the Strobe Talbot factor is to Here was the plea last night. Strong- ‘‘forget it, I got my orders.’’ They will place U.S. troops under the operational er families, a stronger America. There not be productive for 6 months. And command of U.N. commanders during it is, faith, family and freedom. I guess then they get an honorable discharge, so-called peacekeeping or peace en- we can thank God for small favors, while Michael New, who would not put forcement operations, this in spite of that he did not say he was the new and on the U.N. beanie or wear the U.N. the U.N. having repeatedly dem- everlasting covenant again. That is patch on his military uniform, which is onstrated in Bosnia and Somalia, and I Jesus Christ, the Son of God. in the regs that he should not have to, have left out Haiti, a nightmare wait- He still does not get the second today he got a bad conduct discharge ing to explode, the incompetence of the amendment straight. That was wrong. in Germany. As the chairman of Mili- U.N., their negligence in attempting to H 818 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 carry out the most rudimentary of The acceleration of key theater mis- choose what school their children went military operations. sile defense systems, that is where we to. b 1730 protect our men overseas and women, I was not going to come down here, and the allies who are with us, which is but I heard Congresswoman WOOLSEY The Army officer friend of mine just fine, should be done and a moral thing talk about education. First of all, our back from Haiti said the whorehouses to do. But what about the wives and budget increases education. It does not in Haiti are thriving with U.N. person- husbands and children and families decrease. So, where or why she has con- nel on a revolving-door visit policy, back in the good old U.S.A.? cluded that it is a decrease is simply just as they went to the houses of pros- We have provisions which will pre- not the facts. titution like Sonia’s Kontiki in Bosnia vent Clinton from implementing any It is so frustrating to come to this where some of the women being held agreement with Russia on theater mis- body and listen to talk or rhetoric or there were slaves under the control of sile defense demarcation, quote-un- whatever you want to call it, and hear renegade Serbian Bosnians. quote, unless certain conditions are people just say whatever they want to Accordingly, we conservatives re- met. We House Republicans remain say and it has nothing to do with the main committed to limiting the ability committed as ever to pursuing an ag- truth. I guess that is why I ran for of- of any administration to place U.S. gressive policy to protect the American fice. forces at risk on behalf of the United people from ballistic missile defense. Last night, the President talked Nations and will aggressively pursue Our fight will continue on several about education. He revered education. our policy in any number of legislative fronts, including the fiscal year 1997 Education is a wonderful thing, and as vehicles during the upcoming session of budget cycle, which begins any day I said, we have increased funding for Congress, and we are well into it. now, where we start our housekeeping education. But he left out, I guess, kin- Now, national missile defense. This with 13 appropriations spending bills. dergarten to elementary because in el- one blows my mind. In the week that The gentleman from California, Mr. ementary schools now, they have one of my heroes, Danny Graham, BONO from the gorgeous lower desert of barbed wire along the fences right now. three-star general, West Point grad- California, Palm Springs and that area, I would love to send my children to a uate, son of an Army sergeant major, it was a year ago tonight, give or take public school, but I would not dare. Danny Graham was buried at Arlington a few days, that the gentleman regaled Mr. DORNAN. Not to keep people in, this week. In the week that General the glitterati, the cognoscenti, the but to keep thugs and drug pushers Graham is buried, the father of high Washington press corps, and told them out. frontier. The main civilian, albeit re- that his introduction to the rough and Mr. BONO. I would love to send them tired military, proponent of strategic tumble in the House was BOB DORNAN to a public school so they would have defense, the strategic defense initia- in the well with a 1-minute critiquing that kind of exposure to total life, but tive. One of the men, that great genius, Clinton, and he thought I was going to I would fear for their lives. Dr. Edward Teller brought the idea to eat the lectern that he is now leaning I remember when I was a little boy, Ronald Reagan. on. the President was saying how rosy Danny Graham died too young a Mr. BONO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the things are now, but I remember when I man. He was 75, and Danny was buried gentleman from California [Mr. DOR- was a little boy, 5 years old or 6, I with full military honors, because he is NAN]. I did, approximately a year ago, could walk to school. I guarantee you a former head of DIA, a No. 2 man at joke with him and that is the way he if your child walked to school now at CIA. A three-star general’s funeral at took it. But I just want to say about that age, he would get kidnaped and Arlington is something that will not Congressman DORNAN that he is not to molested and probably killed. So to say leave any dry eye with any patriot in be taken lightly. He is a fighter, if I things are so much rosier and better the audience. The week he is buried, have ever seen a fighter. He is a man now is simply not true. Our public edu- this Paul Revere, as I used to call him that lives, breathes, and sleeps what he cation system at that level is horrible. when I would introduce him. I worked believes. It is dastardly. for him during the 2 years I was out of There is not a hypocritical bone in If you send your child to elementary this House when I had to move from his body. There is no hypocrisy in the school now, the chances of him or her West Los Angeles to Orange County to man whatsoever. And so I am proud to getting an education are impossible. It continue my congressional career. be his friend. When I listen to him cannot happen. Fortunately, I have a In that week, Clinton vetoes, jerks sometimes, the determination that he few dollars. I can send my kids to a pri- out of our bill with his veto power, Na- pursues a fight to bring America where vate school. tional Missile Defense. Clinton’s veto it should be, and continues, whether Mr. DORNAN. You mean like Sidwell of the original defense bill further the the odds are a million to one or 1 to 1, School, like where beautiful Chelsea differences between the Congress, and I know this, until his dying breath, goes? which supports the deployment of a na- he will never quit. Mr. BONO. Exactly. Exactly. Which tional defense way in the majority here So, I am proud to call him my friend again is very interesting, because and in the Senate, and Clinton who has and I am proud that he is on our side. schools are so safe and so wonderful, now demonstrated his opposition to de- I am proud that he is working so hard but our very own President sends his fending the American people at home for this country, and I thank him. child to a private school. I never could in America from ballistic missile at- BOB, did I hear the President say he figure out the justification for that. tack. wanted charter school systems last Mr. DORNAN. SONNY, reclaiming my Rather than compromise on an issue night? time. Let me read one of those opening of principle, the national missile de- Mr. DORNAN. Yes, you sure did. paragraphs. fense language opposed by Clinton was Mr. BONO. I find that fascinating, be- Mr. Speaker, how much time do we removed from the bill we passed today. cause in California, we had Proposition have left? To modify it to meet the White House’s 174. I think you recall that. The Demo- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. objections would have weakened to the crats were vehement against Propo- HUTCHINSON). The gentleman has 20 point of making it meaningless. sition 174, which simply said we should minutes remaining. The fight goes on, Mr. Speaker. On a have the right to school choice. Last Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, listen to matter of principle, no deal is better night I heard the President say we this. This is the paragraph after the than a bad deal. Other ballistic missile should have the right to school choice. ‘‘thank you’’ to the Speaker and Mr. defense related provisions have been That is baffling me, Mr. Speaker. Vice President and Members of the retained, particularly the one I cham- I think he even mentioned vouchers, 104th Congress, and other pleasantries. pioned, Navy high-tier, upper-tier mis- did he not, BOB? ‘‘I want to begin by saying to our men sile defense. We kept in the additional Mr. DORNAN. He sure did. and women in uniform around the $450 million for the establishment, just Mr. BONO. Mr. Speaker, we again world.’’ That is great. He is always transferring it to a core theater missile said we want vouchers, not for the rich, with them taking photo opportunities, defense, TMD. but for everybody so that they could but we wonder still why he cannot gag January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 819 out the word Vietnam, although he did I get so fed up when I hear the other than you thought? Is your energy and slip once last night in introducing an- side come down here in this well and your optimism level still at high pitch? other hero from the Oklahoma City just say whatever they feel like saying. Mr. BONO. I follow your example. I bombing. He slipped and said he had And when Congresswoman WOOLSEY am very impressed by the amount of been a Vietnam veteran. That is the took off on education, education energy that you put into this job and first time I ever heard him say the stinks. I cannot say it another way. It not necessarily deal with the con- word. He did not say that in the order stinks. sequences. I happily go in that path of to sending our men to Bosnia. He men- We spend more money than anybody whatever the—I am dedicated to saving tioned Northern Ireland and every war and have the worst results. So now the this country. So my energy will always we have been in, but he forgot to men- solution to that is to spend even more be 110 percent. tion Vietnam. Interesting. And all the money and still have it not achieve Mr. DORNAN. We only have about 6 Vietnam senior sergeants and officers anything? No, that is not the truth. months. We are going to vote tomor- noticed it. Now he says the state of our No, that is not what we should do. We row, Wednesday, Thursday next week, Union is strong, but your kids cannot should really look at our educational then no votes until after the Iowa cau- walk to school. system and find out what we are doing cuses and the primary at the end of ‘‘We have created nearly 8 million wrong, which is staggering, and make February, February 20 in New Hamp- new American jobs.’’ That is still way an attempt to start doing things right shire. Because BOB DOLE is the leader below what Ronald Reagan created, so that all children, like when I was a and wants to be in those States, there and he created it by cutting taxes. If little boy, can go back to public school will not be any votes in the Senate, Clinton had not created the largest tax again, which is almost impossible in none. So then we have March, April, increase in the history of any nation this day. May, June, and July, that is 5 months, and all of civilization, because we can- Public schools do not teach. They are out for August. We come back for a not codify what the Egyptians got out not safe. They have become political. wild September, hoping to get our 13 of slave labor, this is the biggest tax They do not stand for what they are spending appropriations bills, our increase in history. supposed to stand for any longer. housekeeping work here finished by But here is a part germane to what So, to paint that rosy picture about September 30. We will be out in the the gentleman is talking about. He education just disturbed me so much first few days of October to have 1 says, ‘‘Our leadership in the world is because I wanted so badly for my two month to campaign. So we are talking strong.’’ We are the last superpower be- little children to go to public school about 6 months. cause of what Reagan and Cap Wein- and experience that, but I cannot. I What I am building up to is, do you berger and George Bush did, not be- would not dare do that to them. appreciate how the American people in cause of him; not the way we are chop- Now, I am telling you the truth, and their own enlightened self-interest ping back the military. I guess the other side finds the truth should give the Republicans for the He says, ‘‘We are gaining ground and third time in 66 years more than one of restoring our fundamental values.’’ Not unpleasant and, therefore, they prefer to not tell reality. Reality, when they 2-year berths. If we are defeated and according to what the gentleman just lose this on November 5 of this year, said. He said, ‘‘The crime rate is say how mean we are. Well, when we talk about Medicare, all we are trying that means in 66 years, since 1930, be- down.’’ That is a misrepresentation. fore I was born, we have had three 2- The baby-boomers are aging out of to do when we talk about Medicare is year berths. their high-testosterone-lending-itself- instead of ending it in 7 years, which is what will happen now if we continue on What I am going to recommend the to-violence period. But at the bottom. rest of this year is give us a 100-percent The violence among young people is this rosy path that supposedly exists, it will end in 7 years. disabled charging war hero, if DOLE worse than ever. prevails, and I am trying to overtake He says, ‘‘Welfare rates are down.’’ b 1745 him but I need some money to do it, if They are not. ‘‘The food stamp rolls We have extended it to 5 years. So we DOLE prevails, put DOLE in the White are down.’’ They are not. That is a mis- are telling you the truth. It is so hard House, a man who put his blood into representation. And then he says, ‘‘The to tell you that truth because it is so the soil of your native land, Italy, in teenage pregnancy rate is down.’’ That much easier to hear, do not worry drove our Whip, the gentleman from Europe and TRENT LOTT is a leader in about anything. There is plenty of the Senate and NEWT GINGRICH reinvig- Texas, TOM DELAY, up the wall. What money here and we will give it all to country is he looking at? Because I saw orated, listening more to his true con- you. That is a lie. We do not have plen- servative friends in this House than the the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. TRAFI- ty of money. We owe $5 trillion and we person who says he embraced him as he CANT] take him on, and I saw our one are starting to work on 6, and that is Independent, the gentleman from Ver- sobbed uncontrollably, so this person going to accumulate fast and that rub- mont [Mr. SANDERS], cheering, ‘‘That is says, and then this farm State Con- right.’’ It is not that rosy. berband is going to break very soon. gressman leaked all of that to NEWT’s We do have problems with our I think that all my colleagues, in- enemies at the Washington Post for a workforce. And then he says, ‘‘We live cluding Mr. DORNAN, I give them credit front page story last week. I know who in an Age of Possibility.’’ That sounds for being brave because what we are that dairy farm State Congressman like Jack Kemp and NEWT and the Op- trying to convey to you is not nec- was. NEWT better pay attention to his portunity Society and all the upbeat essarily popular and it can hurt our friends in this House, his friends who stuff that we Republicans are getting polls. It can hurt our public relations. believe in family and faith and freedom BOB DOLE to talk about, and that is It is so much easier to say rosy things, and espouse it in their life styles. what is giving Steve Forbes the shot, but to not tell you the truth, to not let If he comes back to home base and is with his inherited millions, in the you really confront the future as it is inspired by TRENT LOTT and we have a number 2 spot. going to exist in reality but paint a Republican in the White House, we are But, back to Mr. BONO and a reality rosy picture is a lie. going to need not just the next 6 check on how rosy things are. I did not come here to lie. I came months but the 105th Congress, two ex- Mr. BONO. Thank you for pointing here because I think we are at the citing sessions, to try and bring us, as out exactly what I am talking about. edge. We are right at the cliff. If we do you put it, on the edge of the lectern, You know, I chose to be a Republican not grab this country and bring it back from the brink or as Alistair because the symbol of Republicans is back, it will dissipate and explode and Cooke said, we are at a crossroads. We responsibility. Selling the message of we will not have it anymore. are almost schizophrenic, tearing our- be a victim is an easy message to sell. Mr. DORNAN. Let me ask Mr. BONO, selves in half. We better make the It is probably 200-to-1 to sell, a message a freshman, as well known as any of right decisions. of ‘‘Be responsible.’’ But this man has the freshmen in that exciting group of Let me read something to you, where been talking for half an hour about 73 people, was this first year for you Mr. Clinton last night said, here are that we have to become responsible. more difficult than you imagined it the seven challenges. First, cherish our Well, we must become responsible. would be? Did we accomplish more children and strengthen the American H 820 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 family. This weekend I went to Mem- comes from South America through give $2,000. I will cash the check, 2,000 phis, SONNY, and I stayed with two the Panama Canal, through the Carib- bucks cash for whoever will get me families, the Langstons and the Fer- bean area. He is going to be a great back my 1964, I call it my POW El Do- gusons. They had both been to Promise general in command of a war against rado because I got it the month the Keepers, the big event in Dallas, tens this poison of narcotics. first POW as shot down. I was going to of thousands of fathers swearing to not Mr. BONO. Would you consider it a give it to a POW, I fantasized, at the commit adultery on their wives, swear- war when a family accidentally drives end of that war, get back my fire mist ing to be loyal to their children and down the wrong street and is blown to red, and that license plate, this histori- their brides. And who attacks them? oblivion because they simply acciden- cal vehicle, HV295, D for DORNAN, NOW. Patricia Ireland, chief spear car- tally made a wrong turn? Can crime HV295, D for DORNAN. This is what I rier for the lesbian movement in Amer- prevention help that or is that war? will give, 2,000 bucks cash to get my El ica. She is yelling at Promise Keepers Mr. DORNAN. I was in Los Angeles Dorado back. because men are standing up and say- the night that story broke on the news. By the way, that is my fourth auto- ing they want to be loyal to their fami- We had not recovered from the trav- mobile stolen in Los Angeles in 20 lies. Unbelievable. esty of justice that O.J. Simpson got years, three of them in the last 10. I He asked the broadcast industry to away with, slitting two throats to the have only gotten back one. It was in rate the programming, as the movie in- spine and stabbing an innocent young Tijuana sitting on a hill with the tires dustry does. I do not know where we man 17 times. The whole city is still in off it, but I got that back and I still are going to go with that. the throes of that, all these divisions. own that red Bronco. Second, provide Americans with edu- And here comes this unbelievable Mr. BONO. Mr. Speaker, I just want- cational opportunities. You are on the story, throwing ashcans. I do not know ed to say that, do not ever take Con- right committees. Listen to this. He the ethnic background of anybody in gressman DORNAN lightly. One thing wants to lash every classroom to the that story. I never saw enough pic- you can be sure of, as certain as these information highway by 2000. What is tures. are chairs, that he will always tell you going to be on that highway? He says I did see one crying uncle, trying to the truth. And whether it is pleasant or schools and communities must adopt make a statement to the press, but it unpleasant, he will tell you the truth. national standards. What is that, was a little 4-year-old girl that took a And that is why I am a Republican. So dumbing down to the lowest common bullet in the head as the father tried to you are an inspiration to me. denominator. drive out of a cul-de-sac where he had For that reason, of which I am very Then under challenge 3, this is the gotten off the freeway and took a proud of you, and I hope that I can al- one that caught your attention among wrong turn. A gang decided to take ways follow in your footsteps in that I several items, he said help every Amer- him on. will always, whenever I speak to the ican achieve economic security, create Let me tell you something, SONNY. I public, tell them the truth. a $2,600 voucher for the unemployed or only have one classic car I am trying With that, I thank the gentleman for underemployed to use for their edu- to rebuild. giving me the time in the well. cation and training. How about vouch- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, I have ers for all of our children? That will be HUTCHINSON). Members are reminded to got one final valuable contribution to stopped by the liberal dominant wing refer to other Members by their last offer here. of his permissively liberal party. name and State. Turning back to my Constitution, Then he says, fourth, take back our Mr. DORNAN. Mr. BONO, last week a printed by the bicentennial committee streets from crime, gangs, and drugs. car that I was restoring—just spent that I have been carrying for years That is what I have been trying to do about $3 to $4,000 on it last year—a 31- here, as far as the President’s Com- as a father and since I have come here year-old classic 1964 fire mist red El mander in Chief responsibilities, I a grandfather all my life. It is liberal Dorado automobile, was towed by a quoted article III, section 3 earlier, permissiveness and liberal fascination, tow truck out of my son’s carport on here is article II, section 2; III.3 is on not with the victims of crime but with Church Lane in west Los Angeles, a few aid and comfort to the enemy. II.2 says the perpetrators of crime, trying to fig- blocks from OJ’s Rockingham house— this, 16 words: The President shall be ure out how to help them work their but an apartment building. They came the Commander in Chief of the Army way through the legal system and get at noon on a slight rainy, drizzly day and Navy of the United States. Bingo. back out on the streets more quickly. last week, hooked it up to a tow truck, Sixteen more words on militia, and of He says keep the crime bill of 1994 on because the battery is not hooked up, the militia of the several States, 13 the books. You could have lost because the gearbox is not finished. I am re- then, when called into the actual serv- of that crime bill. And because 11 Re- storing the car that I bought 31 years ice of the United States. There was no publicans went down to the White ago used. National Guard then. So that is 18 House and gave him what he wanted, I got it with some residuals from the more words, if you strip away all the we lost 10 to 20 Republican seats. We series ‘‘Twelve O’clock High.’’ It is the’s and the and’s, and the Army and should be at 256, if it were not for the gone now to some shop down some- the Navy and the in chief and all of political garbage and waste of billions where in Los Angeles. The people that this, it says President, Commander in in that phony crime bill of 1994. stole the car were sitting in it 3 days Chief. That is it. That is it. There is Mr. BONO. I would like to ask the before. My son was back here with me, nothing else in the Constitution. gentleman a question, since you are got snowed in with that blizzard. Who says that our Presidents, and making these points on crime and Neighbors saw them. They said, would this is my disagreement with one of crime prevention. Are we not at war? he sell this car, the owner? No way, our great leaders on the other side, Mr. DORNAN. It is a war. they are restoring it. Cut the Club off who says the President of the United Mr. BONO. Is it crime prevention the wheel. Police were called by my States can send people to Somalia, to anymore or is it full blown war? son’s neighbors. They came and said Bosnia, to Haiti, or to Lebanon with- Mr. DORNAN. SONNY, you may not somebody has to call the owner. They out getting the approval of this Con- know Gen. Barry McCaffrey personally. forgot who. gress? That is why I argued with my Nothing is all dark in life. Clinton’s ap- They said this car is going to be sto- friend Dick Cheney, Secretary of De- pointment to the FBI, Louis Freeh, fa- len. Two or three days later at noon, by fense, and the Navy combat attack ther of five kids, great guy, tough tow truck. My 31-year-old classic is pilot, carrier pilot George Bush. You judge, tough agent in the street, Barry towed away. cannot go to the gulf in a serious major McCaffrey and the southern, the CINC, I heard somebody asking for help to conflict. I do not care if you have 28 na- Commander in Chief of Southern Com- bring down a child molester. Let me be tions banded together. mand down there in Panama. He came creative, SONNY, since this well goes b to the Heritage Foundation recently into homes all over America, maybe 1800 and gave this startling statistic: 100 1,300,000 people. I do not want to get They are all getting the permissions percent of the cocaine in the world too wild with the reward, but I will of their Dumas and their congresses January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 821 and their Knessets and their various these countries would not interfere with Congress to authorize ‘‘measures of offense legislatures. You must come here. Dick American merchantmen. Over a period of ten also.’’ Jefferson gave Congress all the docu- Cheney used to tell me ‘‘We will lose.’’ years, Washington and Adams paid nearly ments and communications it needed so that $10,000,000 in tributes. the legislative branch, ‘‘in the exercise of I said ‘‘You will not lose. You will lose In his capacity as Secretary of State in this important function confided by the Con- the liberal leadership in the Senate and 1790, Jefferson had identified for Congress a stitution to the Legislature exclusively,’’ the House, and if we lost every one of number of options in dealing with the Bar- could consider the situation and act in the them, but you win enough Democrats, bary powers. In each case it was up to Con- manner it considered most appropriate. A we will have a big victory.’’ The vic- gress to establish national policy and the ex- Compilation of the Messages and Papers of tory was 180 saying no, we cannot free ecutive branch to implement it: the Presidents 315 (James D. Richardson ed. Kuwait and protect world oil sources Upon the whole, it rests with Congress to 1897–1925) (hereafter ‘‘Richardson’’). decide between war, tribute, and ransom, as Alexander Hamilton, writing under the and stop Saddam Hussein from getting the means of reestablishing our Mediterra- pseudonym ‘‘Lucius Crassus,’’ issued a biological, chemical, and nuclear war- nean commerce. If war, they will consider strong critique of Jefferson’s message to fare terror capability, and on the win- how far our own resources shall be called Congress. Hamilton believed that Jefferson ning side, how could I forget the win- forth, and how far they will enable the Exec- had defined executive power with insuffi- ning side and remember the losing side, utive to engage, in the forms of the constitu- cient scope, deferring too much to Congress. 253 to 180, a great vote. tion, the co-operation of other Powers. If But even Hamilton, pushing the edge of exec- utive power, never argued that the President Now, we have a scholar at the Li- tribute or ransom, it will rest with them to limit and provide the amount; and with the had full power to make war on other nations. brary of Congress, Lewis Fisher. Executive, observing the same constitu- Hamilton merely argued that when a foreign Mr. Speaker, I will include for the tional forms, to make arrangements for em- nation declares war on the United States, RECORD Lewis Fisher’s scholarly trea- ploying it to the best advantage. 1 American the President may respond to that fact with- tise on the Barbary wars, with more to State Papers: Foreign Relations 105 (Walter out waiting for congressional authority: come on why the President does not Lowrie & Matthew St. Clair Clarke, eds. The first thing in [the President’s mes- have the constitutional authorities to 1832). sage], which excites our surprise, is the very On March 3, 1801, one day before Jefferson extraordinary position, that though Tripoli send young men and women all around took office as President, Congress passed leg- had declared war in form against the United the world at his whim. islation to provide for a ‘‘naval peace estab- States, and had enforced it by actual hos- The material referred to is as follows: lishment.’’ 2 Stat. 110, § 2 (1801). On May 15, tility, yet that there was not power, for want THE BARBARY WARS: LEGAL PRECEDENT FOR Jefferson’s Cabinet debated the President’s of the sanction of Congress, to capture and INVADING HAITI? authority to use force against the Barbary detain her cruisers with their crews. . . . [The Constitution] has only provided (By Louis Fisher) powers. The Cabinet agreed that American vessels could repel an attack, but some de- affirmatively, that, ‘‘The Congress shall SUMMARY partmental heads insisted on a larger defini- have power to declare War;’’ the plain mean- The claim that President Clinton has con- tion of executive power. For example, Albert ing of which is, that it is the peculiar and ex- stitutional authority to invade Haiti with- Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury, re- clusive province of Congress, when the na- out first obtaining congressional authority marked: ‘‘The Executive can not put us in a tion is at peace to change that state into a is often linked to early presidential actions. state of war, but if we be put into that state state of war; whether from calculations of Supporters of broad executive power argue either by the decree of Congress or of the policy, or from provocations, or injuries re- that a President may deploy troops on his other nation, the command and direction of ceived: in other words, it belongs to Congress own authority and that Congress can re- the public force then belongs to the Execu- only, to go to War. But when a foreign na- strain him only after he acts. As support for tive.’’ Other departmental heads expressed tion declares, or openly and avowedly makes this position, the Barbary Wars during the different views. Franklin B. Sawvel, ed., The war upon the United States, they are then by time of Presidents Jefferson and Madison are Complete Anas of Thomas Jefferson 213 the very fact already at war, and any dec- often cited. However, the historical record (1903). laration of the part of Congress is nugatory; demonstrates that these military operations After hearing these opinions from his Cabi- it is at least unnecessary.’’ The Works of Al- received advance authority from Congress. net, Jefferson chose to rely on statutory au- exander Hamilton 745–747 (John C. Hamilton To the extent that presidential initiatives thority rather than theories of inherent ed.). were taken before congressional action, they presidential power. Citing the statute of Congress responded to Jefferson’s message by authorizing him to equip armed vessels to were defensive in nature and not offensive March 3, the State Department issued a di- protect commerce and seamen in the Atlan- (as contemplated for Haiti). rective on May 20 to Captain Richard Dale of tic, the Mediterranean, and adjoining seas. the U.S. Navy, stating that under ‘‘this BACKGROUND The statute authorized American ships to [statutory] authority’’ Jefferson had di- During the presidencies of George Wash- seize vessels belonging to the Bey of Tripoli, rected that a squadron be sent to the Medi- ington and John Adams, U.S. military action with the captured property distributed to terranean. If the Barbary powers declared conformed to the framers’ expectation that those who brought the vessels into port. 2 war on the United States, American vessels the decision to go to war or to mount mili- Stat. 129 (1802). Legislators had no doubt were ordered to ‘‘protect our commerce & tary operations was reserved to Congress and about their constitutional authority and du- chastise their insolence—by sinking, burning required advance authorization. For exam- ties. ‘‘The simple question now,’’ said Cong. ple, President Washington’s military actions or destroying their ships & Vessels wherever William Eustis, ‘‘is whether [the President] against Indian tribes were initially author- you shall find them.’’ 1 Naval Documents Re- shall be empowered to take offensive steps.’’ ized by Congress. Stat. 96, § 5 (1789); Stat. 121, lating to the United States Wars With the Cong. Samuel Smith added: ‘‘By the pre- § 16 (1790); Stat. 222 (1791). Consistent with Barbary Powers 467 (1939). Having issued that scriptions of the law, the President deemed these statutes, military operations were con- order, based on congressional authority, Jef- himself bound.’’ Annals of Cong., 7th Cong., fined to defensive measures. Offensive action ferson also wrote that it was up to Congress 1st Sess. 328–329 (1801). required authority from Congress. The to decide what policy to pursue in the Medi- Congress continued to pass legislation au- Writings of George Washington (John C. terranean: ‘‘The real alternative before us is thorizing military action against the Bar- Fitzpatrick ed. 1939). whether to abandon the Mediterranean or to bary powers. Legislation in 1803 provided ad- Similarly, when President Washington keep up a cruise in it, perhaps in rotation ditional armament for the protection of sea- used military force in the Whiskey Rebellion with other powers who would join us as soon men and U.S. commerce. 2 Stat. 106. Legisla- of 1794, he acted on the basis of statutory au- as there is peace. But this Congress must de- tion the next year gave explicit support for thority. Stat. 264, § 1 (1792). President John cide.’’ The Writings of Thomas Jefferson 63– ‘‘warlike operations against the regency of Adams engaged in the ‘‘quasi-war’’ with 64 (Ford ed. 1897). Tripoli, or any other of the Barbary powers.’’ Insisting on a larger tribute, the Pasha of France from 1798 to 1800. Although Congress 2 Stat. 291. Duties on foreign goods were Tripoli declared war on the United States. did not declare war, military activities were placed in a ‘‘Mediterranean Fund’’ to finance Jefferson did not interpret this action as au- fully authorized by more than two dozen these operations. Id. at 292, § 2. Further legis- thority for the President to engage in unlim- statutes in 1798. Stat. 547–611. lation on the Barbary powers appeared in ited military activities. He informed Con- 1806, 1807, 1808, 1809, 1811, 1812, and 1813. 2 ACTIONS BY JEFFERSON AND MADISON gress on December 8, 1801, about the demands Stat. 391 (1806); 2 Stat. 436 (1807); 2 Stat. 456 Elected President in 1800, Thomas Jeffer- of the Pasha. Unless the United States paid (1808); 2 Stat. 511 (1809); 2 Stat. 616 (1811); 2 son inherited the pattern established during tribute, the Pasha threatened to seize Amer- Stat. 675 (1812); 2 Stat. 809 (1813). the Washington and Adams administrations: ican ships and citizens. Jefferson had sent a Jefferson often distinguished between de- Congress had to authorize offensive military small squadron of frigates to the Mediterra- fensive and offensive military operations, actions in advance. One of the first issues nean to protect against the attack. He then permitting presidential initiatives for the awaiting Jefferson was the practice of pay- asked Congress for further guidance, stating former but not for the latter. In 1805, he noti- ing annual bribes (‘‘tributes’’) to four states that he was ‘‘[u]nauthorized by the Constitu- fied Congress about a conflict with the Span- of North Africa: Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, and tion, without the sanction of Congress, to go ish along the eastern boundary of the Louisi- Tripoli. Regular payments were made so that beyond the line of defense. . . .’’ It was up to ana Territory (West Florida). After detailing H 822 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 the problem he noted: ‘‘Considering that However, whenever federal laws were op- TRIBUTE TO THE LATE HON. Congress alone is constitutionally invested posed and their execution obstructed in any BARBARA JORDAN with the power of changing our condition state, ‘‘by combinations too powerful to be from peace to war, I have thought it my duty suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under to await their authority for using force in proceedings, or by the powers vested in the the Speaker’s announced policy of May any degree which could be avoided.’’ 1 Rich- marshals by this act,’’ the President would 12, 1995, the gentlewoman from Texas ardson 377. have to be first notified of that fact by an [Ms. JACKSON-LEE] is recognized for 60 Military conflicts in the Mediterranean Associate Justice of the Supreme Court or minutes as the designee of the minor- continued after Jefferson left office. The Dey by a federal district judge. Only after that ity leader. of Algiers made war against U.S. citizens notice could the President call forth the mi- Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. trading in that region and kept some in cap- litia of the state to suppress the insurrec- Speaker, many fear the future, many tivity. With the conclusion of the War of 1812 tion. Id., § 2. are distrustful of their leaders, and be- with England, President Madison rec- ommended to Congress in 1815 that it declare In the legislation authorizing the Quasi- lieve that their voices are never heard. war on Algiers: ‘‘I recommend to Congress War of 1798, Congress placed limits on what Many seek only to satisfy their private the expediency of an act declaring the exist- President Adams could and could not do. One work wants and to satisfy their private ence of a state of war between the United statute authorized him to seize vessels sail- interests. But this is the great danger States and the Dey and Regency of Algiers, ing to French ports. He acted beyond the America faces, that we will cease to be and of such provisions as may be requisite terms of this statute by issuing an order di- one Nation and become, instead, a col- recting American ships to capture vessels for a vigorous prosecution of it to a success- lection of interest groups, city against ful issue.’’ 2 Richardson 539. Instead of a dec- sailing to or from French ports. A naval cap- tain followed his order by seizing a Danish suburb, region against region, individ- laration of war, Congress passed legislation ual against individual, each seeking to ‘‘for the protection of the commerce of the ship sailing from a French port. He was sued United States against the Algerine cruisers.’’ for damages and the case came to the Su- satisfy private wants. The first line of the statute read: ‘‘Whereas preme Court. Chief Justice John Marshall Mr. Speaker, if that happens, who the Dey of Algiers, on the coast of Barbary, ruled for a unanimous Court that President then will speak for America? Who then has commenced a predatory warfare against Adams had exceeded his statutory authority. will speak for America? What are those the United States. . . .’’ Congress gave Madi- Little v. Barreme, 6 U.S. (2 Cr.) 169 (1804). of us who are elected public officials son authority to use armed vessels for the The Neutrality Act of 1794 led to numerous supposed to do? I will tell you this, we purpose of protecting the commerce of U.S. cases before the federal courts. In one of the as public servants must set an example seamen on the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, significant cases defining the power of Con- for the rest of the Nation. It is hypo- and adjoining seas. U.S. vessels (both govern- gress to restrict presidential war actions, a critical for the public official to ad- mental and private) could ‘‘subdue, seize, circuit court in 1806 reviewed the indictment monish and exhort the people to uphold and make prize of all vessels, goods and ef- of an individual who claimed that his mili- fects of or belonging to the Dey of Algiers.’’ tary enterprise against Spain ‘‘was begun, the common good if we are derelict in 3 Stat. 230 (1815). prepared, and set on foot with the knowledge upholding the common good. More is An American flotilla set sail for Algiers, and approbation of the executive department required of public officials than slogans where it captured two of the Dey’s ships and of the government.’’ United States v. Smith, and handshakes and press releases. forced him to stop the piracy, release all 27 Fed. Cas. 1192, 1229 (C.C.N.Y. 1806) (No. More is required. We must hold our- captives, and renounce the practice of an- 16,342). The court repudiated his claim that a selves strictly accountable. We must nual tribute payments. Similar treaties were President could authorize military adven- provide the people with a vision of the obtained from Tunis and Tripoli. By the end tures that violated congressional policy. Ex- future. of 1815, Madison could report to Congress on ecutive officials were not at liberty to waive the successful termination of the war with statutory provisions: ‘‘if a private individ- Mr. Speaker, that was from Barbara Algiers. ual, even with the knowledge and approba- Jordan, 1976, at the Democrat Conven- LEGISLATIVE CONTROLS ON PROSPECTIVE tion of this high and preeminent officer of tion. ACTIONS our government [the President], should set Mr. Speaker, last week we lost an Can Congress only authorize and declare on foot such a military expedition, how can American hero. Barbara Jordan died war, or may it also establish limits on pro- be expect to be exonerated from the obliga- last week on Wednesday, January 17, spective presidential actions? The statutes tion of the law?’’ The court said that the 1996, a friend to many, a mentor, and authorizing President Washington to ‘‘pro- President ‘‘cannot control the statute, nor an icon. The late honorable Congress- tect the inhabitants’’ of the frontiers ‘‘from dispense with its execution, and still less can woman, Barbara Jordan, who not only hostile incursions of the Indians’’ were inter- he authorize a person to do what the law for- bids. If he could, it would render the execu- represented the 18th Congressional Dis- preted by the Washington administration as trict of Texas that I am now privileged authority for defensive, not offensive, ac- tion of the laws dependent on his will and tions. 1 Stat. 96, § 5 (1789); 1 Stat. 121, § 16 pleasure; which is a doctrine that has not to serve, was one of the first two Afri- (1790); 1 Stat. 222 (1791). Secretary of War been set up, and will not meet with any sup- can-Americans from the South to be Henry Knox wrote to Governor Blount on Oc- porters in our government. In this particu- elected to this august body since recon- tober 9, 1792: ‘‘The Congress which possess lar, the law is paramount.’’ The President struction. She was a renaissance the powers of declaring War will assemble on could not direct a citizen to conduct a war woman, eloquent, fearless, and peerless the 5th of next Month—Until their judg- ‘‘against a nation with whom the United in her pursuit of justice and equality. ments shall be made known it seems essen- States are at peace.’’ Id. at 1230. The court asked: ‘‘Does [the President] possess the She exhorted all of us to strive for ex- tial to confine all your operations to defen- cellence, stand fast for justice and fair- sive measures.’’ 4 The Territorial Papers of power of making war? That power is exclu- the United States 196 (Clarence Edwin Carter sively vested in congress. . . . it is the exclu- ness, and yield to no one in the matter ed. 1936). President Washington consistently sive province of Congress to change a state of defending this Constitution and up- held to this policy. Writing in 1793, he said of peace in a state of war. Id. holding the most sacred principles of a that any offensive operations against the democratic government. To Barbara Creek Nation must await congressional ac- f Jordan, the Constitution was a very tion: ‘‘The Constitution vests the power of profound document, one to be upheld. declaring war with Congress; therefore no of- The lady, Barbara Jordan, the first fensive expedition of importance can be un- REPORT ON RESOLUTION WAIVING REQUIREMENT OF CLAUSE 4(b) black woman elected to the Texas Sen- dertaken until after they have deliberated ate, was born February 21, 1936, the upon the subject, and authorized such a OF RULE XI WITH RESPECT TO measure.’’ 33 The Writings of George Wash- SAME CONSIDERATION OF CER- daughter of Benjamin and Arlene Jor- ington 73. TAIN RESOLUTIONS dan. The youngest daughter of a Bap- The statute in 1792, upon which President tist minister, she lived with her two Washington relied for his actions in the Mr. MCINNIS, from the Committee sisters in the Lyons Avenue area of Whiskey Rebellion, conditioned the use of on Rule, submitted a privilege report Houston’s Fifth Ward. The church military force by the President upon an un- (Rept. No. 104–453) on the resolution (H. played an important role in her life. usual judicial check. The legislation said Res. 342) waiving a requirement of She joined the Good Hope Baptist that whenever the United States ‘‘shall be clause 4(b) of rule XI with respect to Church on August 15, 1953, under the invaded, or be in imminent danger of inva- sion from any foreign nation or Indian consideration of certain resolution re- leadership of Rev. A.A. Lucas, graduat- tribe,’’ the President may call forth the ported from the Committee on Rules, ing with honors from Houston’s Phyllis state militias to repel such invasions and to which was referred to the House Cal- Wheatley High School in the Houston suppress insurrections.’’ 1 Stat. 264, § 1 (1792). endar and ordered to be printed. Independent School District. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 823 Ms. Jordan went on to Texas South- the fears of most Americans, saying cratic Party. She served as a keynote ern University, where she majored in that if she was there with her faith in speaker at the 1976 and 1992 Democratic government and history. While at this Constitution, albeit that she had National Conventions, and constantly Texas Southern University, Barbara not been included in this Constitution challenged the Democratic Party to be Jordan was an active student and a as an African-American when it was a catalyst for progress and make the member of the debate team for 4 years, written, then they knew that all might American dream a reality for all Amer- and a member of Delta Sigma Theta be well. icans. Sorority. She got her tutelage under We realize that Barbara Jordan was a After retiring from Congress, Con- Dr. Thomas Freeman, who gave her the tremendous moral force and was call- gresswoman Jordan was appointed a inspiration and certainly the training ing upon all of us to account to our distinguished professor at the Lyndon to formulate both her words and her conscience as a Nation. Her untimely B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at tone, and to make her one of this death leaves a great void in our na- the University of Texas at Austin. This world’s greatest orators. tional leadership, and she will be sorely position enabled her to have a major It was her involvement with the de- missed as we grapple with the great influence on the next generation of bate team that began for her a series of moral issues of the day. public officials. She impressed her stu- firsts that will become the hallmark of Barbara Jordan was a lawyer, legisla- dents with her intellect and ability to her professional life. Ms. Jordan was a tor, scholar, author, and presidential inspire them to achieve excellence in member of the first debate team from a adviser. She was immensely gifted, and the classroom, and to be committed to black university to compete in the fo- used every bit of her talent and skill to public service. rensic tournament held annually at address, improve, and dignify the con- Mr. Speaker, Barbara Jordan was Baylor College University in Texas. On ditions of human life. In the tradition buried on January 20, 1996. She was that occasion, she won first place in of Frederick Douglass, Martin Luther buried at the Texas National Cemetery. junior oratory, one of many first place King, and Thurgood Marshall, she chal- She was the first African-American in trophies in a career as a debater. We lenged the Federal Government and the the history of the national State ceme- American people to uphold the prin- must remember at those times there tery to be buried there, in her death a ciples set forth in the American Con- were not many black debate teams first, but making a statement that she stitution. was laid to rest among Texas heroes. from across the Nation competing in Congresswoman Jordan began her They benefited because an American integrated tournaments. This was a public career as a Texas State Senator. first. Ms. Jordan was outstanding. Might I say to you, she was a first hero was laid to rest with them. After graduating magna cum laude As I stood on the burial ground and then, for there had never been an Afri- from Texas Southern University in participated in that ceremony, it was can-American in the Texas Senate, and 1956, she received her law degree from an overwhelming feeling, for it came to she stood tall and proud. Her voice, al- Boston University in 1959. This Con- though eloquent and resonating me that we lost her too early. This was stitution became part of Barbara Jor- throughout the halls, was full of pas- reinforced when one of her students dan’s life, and she carried it every- sion, and she felt compelled to rep- came up to me, stood next to me and where she went. We already knew Bar- resent those, the least of her sisters said ‘‘I know you.’’ And I said ‘‘Yes? bara Jordan before the 1974 impeach- and brothers, individuals who might And who are you?’’ ‘‘I’m a student. I ment hearings, but her undaunted never have gone outside of the realm of was taught by the honorable professor courage on that somber occasion their neighborhood, who might not be Barbara Jordan.’’ etched her name in our memories for- able to read or write, did not have a I said ‘‘How interesting. You have a ever. job. She has spoken on behalf of small great experience to cherish.’’ She said, Those of us who have been honored businesses. She was very concerned ‘‘Yes, and in her classroom, she talked by having the public place its trust in about civil rights, employment dis- a lot about you.’’ Both of us, touched us know the onerous burden and the crimination, equality and justice, even very much at that time, just stood and weight of passing a vote destined to in the Texas Senate. She served her embraced, for this was a woman who alter our history forever. We know country with great distinction as a was not afraid of sharing herself and what it took for Barbara Jordan to say Member of Congress and chairwoman of others, and she was not afraid of young ‘‘yea, aye’’ when the House Committee the U.S. Commission on Immigration people. She loved them. She wanted to on the Judiciary roll was called on Reform. Her extraordinary impact on give to them, and in them, she saw the July 30, 1974, and we are still admiring our country will be felt for many gen- opportunity for love and caring and the her for it. That was the day we realized erations. future. that she was much more than the gild- She gained national prominence in Congresswoman Barbara Jordan ed, persuasive voice that always held the 1970’s as a member of the House leaves the American people, particu- sway when she spoke. Committee on the Judiciary during the larly Members of Congress, a powerful I remember her talking about this impeachment hearings of President legacy of commitment to freedom, in- momentous day and her participation Richard Nixon. Again, her eloquent tegrity, government, and belief in in the Watergate hearings. This young statement regarding her faith in the human progress. She also leaves and is woman, newly elected to Congress, Constitution helped the Nation to survived by her mother, Arlene Jordan, took these responsibilities extremely focus on the principle that all elected her sisters, Bennie Jordan Chriswell, seriously. She was concerned that peo- officials, including the President of the Rosemary McGowan, brother-in-law, ple across the country felt that this United States, must abide by the man- John Wesley McGowan, aunt and uncle, Government was being undermined, dates of the Constitution. Mamie Reed Lee and Wilmer James that we were in the throes of a poten- During her tenure in Congress, Con- Lee, close friends, Nancy Earle, Angie tial revolution, that all would be lost. gresswoman Barbara Jordan was a Taylor Morton, Muriel and Lee Dudley, Barbara Jordan, concerned about the leader on issues relating to voting Evelyn and Walter Harrison, Lonnie moment, the history, the impact, seri- rights, consumer protection, energy, and Mary Elizabeth York, Robert and ously studied all of the Watergate and the environment. Might I add that Norma Jones, Anna, Lois, and Carl T. hearings in review, listened atten- she was particularly forceful in includ- Taylor, Billy Brown and Betty Thom- tively, and indicated to all of us that ing language minorities in the Voting as, Patsy Hurd, Jerry Earl, and Willie she viewed this Constitution as a seri- Rights Act of 1965, which then covered Calhoun. ous document and would not view it Texas, and also allowed for Hispanics I would simply say to you that she and see it be diminished. She took this and others to be included so that they leaves throngs of others, hoping that role seriously, and she was concerned would have equal justice under the law her words will continue on in our that she speak in measured words and as right, and have full participation in hearts, but most importantly, in our tone, so those who might be looking this Nation, and a full part of this Con- actions. She stated: would still have faith in the Constitu- stitution. America’s mission was, and still is, to take tion and in this Government. It was the Additionally, Congresswoman Jordan diversity and mold it into a cohesive and co- honorable Barbara Jordan that calmed played an active role in the Demo- herent whole that would espouse virtues and H 824 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 values essential to the maintenance of civil woman elected to Congress from the Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, first of order. There is nothing easy about that mis- South. all, I would like to commend the gen- sion, but it is not Mission Impossible. In many ways, Mr. Speaker, she tlewoman from Texas, as well as her The Honorable Barbara Jordan. paved the way for me and for other Af- colleagues. I think if Barbara Jordan Nothing was too hard for her to accept rican-American women. It is also, in were here, she would be proud of the as a challenge, and nothing was too many ways, ironic that Barbara Jor- words spoken on her behalf by all of hard for her to overcome; a great dan’s political interest was first my colleagues, and I commend that. American. We lost her, but not her sparked by reflection on the deeds of Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. words and her message. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Speaker, reclaiming my time, it gives I am delighted today to be joined by Today’s Republican Party often dis- me great honor to be able to yield time the gentlewoman from North Carolina, cusses its efforts in terms of revolution to the Honorable LOUIS STOKES, who I the Honorable EVA CLAYTON, who has and makes comparisons and contrasts know that the Congresswoman enjoyed come from the great State of North with the New Deal days of Roosevelt. It many good years of service with. I Carolina, in fact knows of the great is ironic because, it is said that, Bar- know of his commitment, but also his works of the Honorable Barbara Jor- bara Jordan’s grandfather never began friendship, and I know how much the dan, and is likewise an African-Amer- a meal without thanking God, ‘‘for family appreciates him being here ican woman serving in the U.S. Con- FDR and the Home Finance Adminis- today to honor the Honorable Barbara gress. tration, which made this house pos- Jordan, the senior member of the Com- I yield to the gentlewoman from sible.’’ mittee on Appropriations, the Honor- North Carolina. Perhaps that early lesson gave her able LOUIS STOKES. Mrs. CLAYTON. I want to thank the the clear vision that, indeed, govern- Mr. STOKES, Mr. Speaker, I thank gentlewoman from Texas for arranging ment has a role in our lives. She left the gentlewoman for yielding to me. I this special order, Mr. Speaker, and al- Congress in 1978, to assume a teaching want to express our appreciation on be- lowing us to participate in it, and to position at the University of Texas—of half of all of us for her taking out this give honor to it. course, she was teaching all along. We special order this evening so that all of Mr. Speaker, when I speak of free- shall never forget the stirring keynote us might pay tribute to this very great dom, fairness, justice, and equality— addresses she gave at Democratic Con- American lady. words that compose the very founda- ventions 16 years apart, in 1976, and Mr. Speaker, we gather tonight to tion of this democracy—I often quote again in 1992. What was remarkable pay tribute to the late Barbara Jordan, Barbara Jordan. was that neither time, nor space, nor an extraordinary individual and former Barbara Jordan was more than a distance had tarnished her devotion to Member of the House. On January 17, leading figure, a great stateswoman, America’s fundamentals. ‘‘Won ’em 1996, the Nation mourned the passing of and an oratorical genius. She was the both,’’ she said. this political giant and gifted orator. essence of leadership, the epitome of The Watergate hearings may have During her lifetime, she served this Na- statesmanship, and the embodiment of thrust Barbara Jordan across the na- tion with honor and dignity. We join family members, friends and others oratory. tional landscape. But, it was an unwav- She believed in America, and the ering spirit, a daring dedication and an throughout the Nation in sorrow at her passing. Barbara Jordan was a remark- principles underlying the creation of unmatched commitment to this Nation able American who will never be for- this Nation. More importantly, she was that made Barbara Jordan who she gotten. not afraid to fight for those principles was. It is because Barbara Jordan be- lieved that there is a place for all in Some of us who are gathered here and to stand up for her beliefs. Perhaps today are fortunate to have served in a speech she delivered in 1974, best cap- America—young and old; black and white; male and female; rich and poor. Congress with this great lady. And, as tured her firmness and her fight. In dis- I stand here today, I have many fond cussing the meaning of the Constitu- And, it is because Barbara Jordan has died that each of us must never stop in- special memories of my personal tion, she stated, ‘‘We, the people.’’ ‘‘It friendship with her in this Chamber. is a very eloquent beginning.’’ ‘‘But sisting upon that place. That is our challenge. She frequently served in the capacity when that document was completed on The Statue of Liberty was closed dur- of speaker, pro tempore during that pe- the 17th of September, in 1787, I was ing the Government shutdowns—an in- riod. Whenever she was in the Chair, not included in that ‘We the people.’ ’’ auspicious symbol of today’s America. the Manner in which she presided over Barbara Jordan continued, ‘‘I felt But, to the end, Barbara Jordan stood the entire House was a beauty to be- somehow for many years that George fighting for fundamentals. As chair of hold. Her dignity and elegance was in Washington and Alexander Hamilton, the U.S. Commission on Immigration full bloom at those times. just left me out by mistake. But Reform, her most recent public service Those of us who served with Barbara through the process of amendment, in- post, she stated, ‘‘It was immigration Jordan came to love, admire and re- terpretation, and court decision, I have that taught us, it does not matter spect her greatly. Not only was she a finally been included in, ‘We the peo- where you came from, or who your par- knowledgeable legislator, but she was ple.’ ’’ ents were. What counts is who you also someone who was sincere and com- All of us can imagine the penetrating are.’’ I shall continue to quote Barbara passionate. Whatever she did or said, way she said those words. With a dis- Jordan. she did or said with fervor. She also tinctive style, a commanding voice, in The pearls of wisdom she shared with had a great sense of time. She re- clear, crisp language—there was only us in life, live on through death. Free- spected the time of others, and she de- one Barbara Jordan. When she spoke— dom, fairness, justice, and equality— manded that you respect her time. we listened—the world listened. We are far closer, today, than ever be- Barbara Jordan set a standard of ex- And, few interpreted the meaning of fore, to those words which, too often, cellence and integrity which will re- the Constitution like Barbara Jordan. are mere platitudes. And, we will con- main as a legacy forever. She was a It is for that reason that we acknowl- tinue to be closer, because the spirit of tireless advocate for those who had no edge the deep and wide abyss that has Barbara Jordan lives. voice in the congressional delibera- been left by a death, too soon, at age tions. She was also a champion of jus- b 50, on January 17. 1815 tice and a staunch defender of the Con- Her career of public service began in Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. stitution. service. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman A graduate of Boston University Law Never reluctant to do her part, in from North Carolina. I applaud and School, Barbara Jordan was one of 1960, she addressed envelopes for the agree with her words that only because American politics’ pioneer black Kennedy campaign. of her words and actions are we closer women. She began her political rise in Her special talents, however, were to freedom. 1966, when she was to the Texas State soon recognized, and she was elected as Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 seconds to my Senate, becoming the first African- the first black woman in the Texas good friend, the gentleman from Colo- American elected to that legislative State Legislature, and the first black rado [Mr. MCINNIS]. body. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 825 In 1972, Barbara Jordan again made already been said. And the House just Constitution. And as oft cited, re- history when she and Andy Young be- burst out with deep appreciation. But ported, she would say that even those came the first African-Americans from then he added, but not everyone has that knew that people like she were the South to be elected to Congress said it. treated as chattel and property when since reconstruction. Congress found in I think when we talk about a great the Constitution was written, she Barbara Jordan, a lawmaker of the person and personality like Barbara would dismiss it and say, it was a mis- highest caliber and integrity. Jordan, that once again we find our- take and she is there to correct it. Mr. Speaker, we recall the eloquence selves in the position that most things But, Congresswoman LEE, the thing of Barbara Jordan in 1974, as Congress have already been said. So I thought has to remain now that she is gone and debated the possible impeachment of what could I add, and then that made invested her time, her energy, her elo- the President of the United States. me think more about Barbara. We sat quence in protecting that Constitution, During the Judiciary Committee delib- together on that Committee on the Ju- will the United States of America and erations, she stirred the national con- diciary, as the gentleman from Ohio those who loved and cherished her science when she declared, ‘‘My faith in [Mr. STOKES] pointed out, side by side allow that Constitution to be broad the Constitution is whole, it is com- for the many weeks and months to de- enough now to give the protection for plete, it is total, and I am not going to termine and to deliberate whether or the people that she loved the most, the sit here and be an idle spectator to the not the acts of the President of the people from the poverty-stricken rural diminution, the subversion, and the de- United States, then President Nixon, areas where she came from that cannot struction of the Constitution.’’ had warranted us on the Committee on rise to her height in physical, intellec- Barbara Jordan was also held in high the Judiciary in voting for articles of tual, or oracle skills? esteem by the leaders in the White impeachment, which, as everyone Would those that pay tribute to her House. On two occasions, in 1976, and knows, means that it amounted to an be prepared to say that she never ac- again in 1992, she was selected to de- indictment and a trial would later be cused them of racism, she never wore liver keynote speeches at party con- had in the Senate. her sex or her race on her sleeve. She ventions. And, in 1994, we applauded as Barbara was always more than ade- said, this country was rich enough, Barbara Jordan received the Nation’s quately prepared to hear the testi- broad enough, cared enough that she highest honor, the Presidential Medal mony, to ask the appropriate question, did not have to say those things, it of Freedom, from President Clinton. It and you would think that she was chief would work its way out. represented a fitting tribute to a dis- counsel of the committee if it was de- At the funeral, so many said that tinguished American. pendent on the quality of her prepara- Barbara is not gone, that she lives with Mr. Speaker, Barbara Jordan was a tion. But while some of us, especially us, and this means what she stood for giant in the legal profession and one of those of us who have been former pros- lives with us. America’s greatest constitutional au- ecutors, were framing the question in If that is so, why does this Chamber thorities. Her eloquent voice, impec- terms of trying to get the answers that look more like a Congressional Black cable integrity, and legal scholarship, we were probing for, I noticed that Caucus meeting than a lady who con- elevated her to the top of the legal and most of her questions were not to de- cerned herself about the Congress only political profession. She will be greatly termine whether or not President because it was part of the Constitu- missed. I and others in this Chamber Nixon had committed any wrongdoing, tion? When the President of the United bid her fair farewell with gratitude for but whether or not the Members of the States and the leader of the free world the opportunity to have known her House were prepared to distort that goes to Texas to pay tribute, is that during her distinguished lifetime. I Constitution in order to achieve a po- not a sign that everybody, especially thank the gentlewoman for yielding to litical goal, as some may think is going those in Texas, white or black, Mexi- me. on now in the Senate. can or nutmeg Jew, Gentile, Catholic, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I thank Protestant, should be there, because b 1830 the honorable Congressperson LOU Barbara was not making mischief, she STOKES, for his eloquence and his rec- Some have said that Barbara was not was making history to say that you do ognition that this Congresswoman, one to take fools lightly. And sitting not have to make mischief to achieve? Barbara Jordan, was good at her work. next to her, I certainly did not intend And she proved that it could be done, She was a good legislator. She was a to joke with her about the serious task and she did in fact do it. legal scholar, and she took her work that she had taken on. But as we had I do hope that when Barbara is re- very seriously. In so doing, she made us seen so many people tear apart the law membered, that she is not thrown into proud and she upheld the Constitution. as we would know it, she was there to the category of mischiefmakers, be- I thank my colleague for sharing with defend the system to make certain it cause they have a way of saying you us and, of course, for being her friend. would be there for someone who needed pushed a little too hard, you were not It gives me great pleasure now to the protection and the cloak of inno- sensitive to our political problems, or yield to her colleague who served with cence of our Constitution. that sooner or later you would get all her in that momentous time as a mem- But most of the time that I raised of the things that you are entitled to ber of the House Committee on the Ju- these questions to her, she would dis- under the Constitution, because Bar- diciary in 1974. He remains a stellar miss me, having already made up her bara did not take issue with that. She Member of this body. He is, in fact, a mind, by saying, ‘‘There you go, knew it would work out. senior member of Ways and Means, and Charles, up to mischief again.’’ I say in tribute to Barbara Jordan, I personally could see the anguish in And so why would I be any different this great American, why can everyone his face as we funeralized this great tonight when I loved Barbara then and who loved her not take a page out of lady. I welcome to the well the gen- love her now and miss her now? And if that book, and whether they come tleman from New York [Mr. RANGEL]. there was anything that I would want from Texas, they are a politician, a Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, let me her to say to me, it would be, ‘‘There Member of Congress, whether they are first thank the gentlewoman for taking you go again, Charles,’’ with a smile on black, whether they are a woman, re- the time out to give us a chance to pay her face, ‘‘up to mischief again.’’ member that she gave everything she honor to this great lady, a lady indeed And I would be up to mischief to- had to protect that parchment, and she of America and the world. My col- night to say that this gracious lady did not just protect it for those people leagues may not have known Mo Udall, will always be remembered in this who look like her. She was protecting but Mo was a beloved Member of this country as a great American, as she it for everybody in this country, even House, and before he left, once in the should be. former President Richard Nixon. middle of the night, when the House She also will be remembered as one If she could care that much to give was crowded and everyone wanted to who wore the flag and the Constitution up political objectives in order to pro- go home, Mo came to the well of this so close to her heart as if to say that tect this paper, why can every Amer- House of Representatives and said, all she will take the stones and the ar- ican who expects that paper to be there that has to be said about this bill has rows, but do not touch her precious for them and their grandchildren not H 826 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 do a little something that Barbara er, an advocate for equal rights and Similarly, Barbara Jordan was not would want them to do? Be less politi- equal justice, a legal scholar herself some bold, big-talking black woman cal, less partisan, less mean-spirited, and now the honorable Delegate from who brought us a message of equality. and be more American, be more caring, the District of Columbia. But as we all She was that and she was so much be more what the forefathers wanted, applaud and believe, equal under the more than that. and, that is, to work together, to live law, and we are advocating that for her her Watergate remarks are, of together, to make this a better coun- constituents and we applaud her work course, most remembered, the famous try, more productive, and spend our en- on their behalf, and she has come now lines ‘‘We the people,’’ ‘‘My faith in the ergy and time in getting rid of poverty to honor Barbara Jordan, the Honor- Constitution is whole, it is complete, it and disease instead of building up ha- able ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON of the is total.’’ Those are not lines often spo- tred and causing confrontations. District of Columbia. ken by many African-Americans. I tell the Congresswoman, in my Ms. NORTON. I thank the gentle- And she spoke them not just because humble opinion, she liked people to woman from Texas for her kind re- she believed she lived in a perfect de- make mischief, but she did not believe marks, and I thank her even more for mocracy. She believed just the oppo- that everyone had to do it the same her leadership in taking out this spe- site. In that very speech, she began by way. cial order. saying, words to the effect, ‘‘I guess we So why do we not pay tribute to her May I say to the gentlewoman that I can say We The People because now and do it Barbara’s way, and, that is, think that Members of this body would they have included me in We The Peo- to make certain that no matter where agree with me that even as a freshman, ple. They certainly didn’t mean me we come from, if we find someone that she is proving herself a worthy succes- when we started out.’’ looks like Barbara, that may not be sor of Barbara Jordan. Then she said, ‘‘By virtue of amend- able to walk like Barbara, that may Barbara Jordan was a great Amer- ment, I too am now part of We The not be able to speak like Barbara, may ican. I intend for my few minutes to be People.’’ And in effect what she was not be able to command the presence devoted to proving that proposition. saying was it took this Constitution a Her presence was so awesome that that Barbara had for all of us, to re- long time to get around to including she is likely to be remembered more member she, too, he, too, they deserve me in We The People, I feel a special for her voice and her style than for her the protection of this great document obligation to protect the Constitution, that she died with, held closely to her substance. That would be just too bad. For in this world it is not how you and I am not about to let it be sub- bosom. verted by the actions of even a Presi- That is the tribute that I think that say what you have to say, it is indeed what you have to say. And if you have dent of the United States like Richard you pay to an American. And that is Nixon. the tribute that we should have all nothing to say, the most resonant over America, not just in Houston, not voice should do you no good. b 1845 Why is it that when Barbara Jordan just in Austin, not just here, not just Her faith in the Constitution was spoke, everybody listened? Was it real- with the Congressional Black Caucus, total, because she had seen the evo- ly a matter of style? I submit that it not just with the President of the Unit- lution to include people like herself, was a matter of substance. To be sure, ed States but with every child in every and thus she believed that the country amplified by a very original and very valley regardless of complexion or reli- would reach its highest ideals and de- forceful style. But I hope that we lis- gion to say, what a great person and voted much of her life talking in that tened to what Barbara Jordan had to how wonderful it was that America had idealistic fashion. say, for here was a woman who had such a wonderful defender. Of course, Barbara Jordan was an ad- I thank the gentlewoman from Texas. something to say. We are inclined to look at our leaders vocate for the downtrodden in the tra- Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I thank dition of the Congressional Black Cau- the gentleman. If he would just for a in surface ways, especially in the age of television and demonstrations. I think cus. The gentleman from New York moment, you have raised a very solemn will be the first to tell you, she was challenge. And for fear of anyone per- of King and Malcolm. King is remem- bered today, for example, as the mili- there on all of those principles. But, as ceiving politics being involved, let me he said, people go at it in different add that Barbara would always tell us tant leader for equality and God knows he was that and perhaps that first and ways, and she had her own special way. in Texas that she did not fear being What I will most remember about called a politician. She just wanted to foremost. But if we look deeper into his life, there are parts of his life that have Barbara Jordan is fearless leadership. be a good politician. And because we This sense of integrity made her rise are where we are today, am I under- fallen back, because we look at the sur- above the political moment and made standing the gentleman from New York face, we remember the obvious. We do her whatever the political lashes on to suggest that we in this great body not remember King the intellectual, the shores might have been, made her today, in this era, in 1996, in the midst King the advocate of racial harmony, true to whatever were her principles. of our own discussions, might take a King the pacifist, King the man who Here is a woman that deeply believed page from the life of this legacy, this was extremely modest and self-effac- in equality across all racial lines and American hero, about bringing inter- ing. We remember the marches, we re- believed she ought to speak to her own ests together, diverse interests, about member the speeches. It is important people who were black and beyond. working for the common good, about to remember a person’s whole life. Now, many African-Americans do not the understanding that the Constitu- I want us to remember Barbara Jor- believe they should speak beyond, be- tion and the whole American people dan’s whole life, not just her presence. cause it is very hard for them to get are more important than the singular? In the same way, I chuckle at the Am I understanding the gentleman way people remember Malcolm X. Be- beyond. Life has been very difficult. So almost instructing through her life cause I think most Americans remem- then, perhaps even more now, people that we might take that page, or 10 ber Malcolm X as a militant black na- speak out of their own experience and pages, out of that book and maybe in tionalist. I believe Malcolm would do not speak to the larger American weeks and months to come, we would want you to remember him as he was experience. see our way clear to follow a cohesive at the end of his life, when he had re- Here is a woman that knew she had pattern to work for all of America? nounced black racism along with white the capacity to do it, and felt it her ob- Mr. RANGEL. Dear gentlewoman, racism, when he had renounced anti- ligation to do it. This capacity to lead you have well described our Barbara Semitism, and frankly almost all of his is very important, because it means Jordan and in doing so you described prior life, when he went to Mecca and you can say difficult things. People our Constitution and our great Repub- came back and said, ‘‘I believe in the will listen to you and they will be ac- lic. brotherhood’’—and sisterhood, I think cepted. Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I thank he would have had it. What I find awe- About the easiest thing for me to say the gentleman. some about Malcolm is his capacity to in my district, and I think it would Let me also appreciate my colleague grow and change and learn and lead probably be the case in the district of and certainly in her own right a fight- even if it meant his life. the gentlewoman from Texas now and January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 827 then, would be to talk about equality point of Watergate that they could in- You talk about what an extraor- and to talk about the things that, deed reach to the ideals that her coun- dinary leader. I consider her an ex- frankly, I love to talk about. I love to try had yet to reach. traordinary teacher. I remember her in talk about how black is beautiful and I Her remarks at the Watergate hear- my early days, watching her as a new love to talk about black pride. But ings, by far her most memorable, will, Member, and I was astounded by this there are more difficult things to talk I think, be remembered by history pre- woman. about then and now which really relate cisely because of the skillful blend of Now, I know the gentlewoman from to the lines that are being drawn so criticism and idealism. They were both Texas is from Texas, but people from that we increasingly live in isolated in that speech. Texas are different than anywhere else. worlds. Barbara Jordan was both a pioneer Finding this black Texan talking, I was Look, we can do that. We can do and a political mentor to thousands of not first sure if she was a Texan first, that. But if we do that enough, we are women. She encouraged by example to or someone speaking for the black courting danger. engage in politics at every level. community first, or just someone When I looked at her words, I see a Through her commanding presence, she speaking as a true American. constant theme running through every- taught women, especially black I resolved my question mark. She thing she said and everything she women, that they could take charge. was just a true American patriot who wrote. It was that here is this black Active until the end of her productive wanted to teach this American commu- woman, over and over again she said and fruitful life, Barbara Jordan never nity a lot, and in the process she we are all one people. Do not succumb stopped leading. She never stopped taught herself a lot. We learned so to balkanization and polarization. It is serving. We will not stop remembering. much from seeing her life. Her death is the worst, not the best in America. We I thank the gentlewoman. a tremendous loss. have helped America find their way out Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I thank I just would conclude by saying to of this. Do not do it. the gentlewoman from the District of you, sometimes people say who would She was speaking against the grain Columbia. Might I just say something, you have most liked to meet? Who of the time, and she continued to speak as I indicated to the gentleman from would you most like to sit down with to that theme to the end of her life. On New York: You taught, as many of us and just have a wonderful conversa- National Public Radio I heard her are aware. The last years of the con- tion? words most recently spoken in which gresswoman’s life was spent as a pro- They are not actors, and I thought she said she was astonished at racial fessor. Many asked me many times as I they are really not politicians. I re- separation, segregation, polarization. traveled around the country, ‘‘How is member a few people I would have Much of it she said was self-imposed. Barbara? Where is she?’’ liked to have had a discussion with. Here was Barbara Jordan speaking at She was fine. She was absolutely en- And when I learned that Barbara Jor- the end of her life in ways that almost joying what she was doing, which was dan had passed away, I thought that no black Americans are speaking being able to create in reality for stu- was the woman, that was the person, I today. dents, young people, what the Con- should have answered, because, boy, I I pulled out her remarks from the stitution meant. Many of her friends would have loved to have sat down Democratic Convention in 1992, and let remember her fondly as B.J., and some with her, like many of you have for me read a few sentences. Here is Bar- of the students, more brave than oth- many discussions, and just had that bara Jordan. Here is how she will be re- ers, called her that as well. precious opportunity to talk with a membered by her country. But you are so right about what she great, great, great American. We are one. We are Americans, and we re- meant to us, how she stood. In her first I thank you for letting me partici- ject any intruder who seeks to divide us by congressional campaign she said pate in this. I have been listening, and race or class. We honor cultural identity. However, separatism is not allowed. Separat- ‘‘Many blacks are militant in their I have been captivated by what you all ism is not the American way, and we should guts, but they act it out in different have been saying. CHARLIE, you always not permit ideas like political correctness to ways.’’ She was that kind of person. I get me. So thank you for letting me become some fad that could reverse our hard will not say woman or African-Amer- participate and express my tremendous won achievements in civil rights and human ican. admiration for this great American. rights. She clearly frustrated a lot of the Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. You are The fact is Barbara Jordan had the groups, women, minorities, African- very kind for your words. Clearly, you moral authority to say that, without Americans, liberals. And I remember might have been asking me the ques- appearing to be any less committed to that voice saying, ‘‘I do not want to be tion of what was the intonation or the equality and to the beauty of black- a symbol for anything.’’ Harsh? I think accent that the Congresswoman ness. She had the capacity to be a not. It was simply what the gentle- seemed to exhibit. teacher, and she insisted upon teach- woman said. She had a view of this I will tell you she was most proud of ing, she insisted upon leading, she country, and if there was something the fact that she debated the Harvard would not simply go with the crowd. right to do, B.J. would be there doing debate team and brought them to a That is the kind of leadership we need it rightly under the Constitution. draw. I think maybe she might have today in a country where we see less I think we can be so gratified that brought a bit of that tone from Boston and less of the sense of community, that kind of person lived, and in fact University, but she was most proud she more and more of the sense of I have that she was true to her values to the put Harvard in a draw, and she said got mine, you ought to get out there very end. ‘‘That is a win.’’ Maybe that is when and get yours, less and less of a sense I see the gentleman from Connecti- she adopted that intonation from the that we are all one big insurance pol- cut, and I would be happy to yield a New England States. icy. An insurance policy is a vehicle moment to my friend from Connecti- Clearly she was a person who had a where we are all in it and some of us cut, Mr. SHAYS. sense of humor. She had a deep belly need it sometimes and some of us never Mr. SHAYS. It would be just a mo- laugh, as many said at the memorial need it. If we are not that kind of com- ment. I found myself walking through service at Texas Southern University munity, if we are not that kind of fed- this Chamber and being captivated by on Sunday. She clearly had a purpose. eration, then we are not living in the your discussion of an extraordinarily I am glad to hear you offer your admi- tradition of Barbara Jordan. great woman. I have found the most ration for her. Yes, I feel a special debt to Barbara patriotic people in our black churches, I will add one point, as I bring the Jordan as an American black woman in and it always amazed me how the Afri- chairman of the Black Caucus to also political life. But her debtors are far can-American community could be so commemorate and honor her, she said greater. She was a political pioneer patriotic, given the heritage that something quite humorous. We were in who never stopped changing our coun- brought them to this magnificent the midst, Congressman RANGEL, of try for the better. She was never cyni- country. And Barbara Jordan gave me waiting on the Supreme Court’s deter- cal about her country, and she inspired more pride in our country than I think mination about these redistricts or dis- those who were to reach above the low almost anyone else. tricting. One of those seats happens to H 828 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 be one that the Senator Barbara Jor- I will never forget Barbara Jordan. She did drum majorette of justice and equality, the dan drew. It is the 18th Congressional everything with unlimited passion and commit- Black Rose of Texas, Barbara Jordan. District. She was proud to say that she ment and was one of the most thoughtful A young girl lying on her death bed wrote a knew the law and she drew it within Members of Congress I have ever worked testimonial to her mother. She said, ``Try as the law; and she drew it not to exclude, with. She touched the lives of thousands of we may, we cannot number our days. The but to include. Americans, and was a wonderful source of best that we all can do as children of God is I would think if we just carried that strength to everyone that met her. do our part to fill our days with things that message forward, we would settle all Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay tribute count.'' Barbara, in that short interval between these lawsuits, because no one could to my dear departed friend and former col- birth and death, filled those days with things deny anyone being included. She did it league, the Honorable Barbara Jordan. that counted. with the aplomb and the humor, but as Barbara will be remembered as a vibrant, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. well the points that you have offered as dynamic force for good who touched our lives Speaker, I am honored now to be able points of admiration. in a special way. Her sense of common de- to yield to the distinguished gentleman So I think she is a national hero for cency and search for simple justice was heard from New Jersey, someone who in his all of us, no matter what walk of life everywhere she went and felt by the millions own political career certainly has ex- we came from, no matter if we were in she met. Her overpowering self consumed our uded the principles of the late Barbara the suburbs or urban centers. She also minds, our inner thoughts, and our con- Jordan, and that is the chairperson of deflected anyone saying she was from a sciences, and indeed inspired us onward and the Black Caucus, DONALD PAYNE. black ghetto. She said, ‘‘When we grew upward. Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. I thank up, we did not know we were poor and Many who did not know Barbara, as some the gentlewoman for yielding. Let me we didn’t act like it.’’ That is a chal- of us in Congress, will say that the world will commend the gentlewoman from Texas lenge for our young people today in never be the same without her. But I must ad- for bringing this special order tonight, this country. monish them that the world is not the same and also to say that your leadership So I appreciate you being here. because of Barbara. She truly was a person here in your year in the House is, I Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in who did make a difference. think, something in the tradition of honor of Barbara Jordan, our distinguished The Congressional Black Caucus honored Barbara Jordan. I know those are big colleague who recently passed. I had the privi- Barbara Jordan for her devoted service in shoes to fill, but you have brought a lege to serve with her in this body, and on the 1978. I had the privilege of paying tribute to great deal of dignity and self-respect, a Judiciary and Government Operations Com- her at the CBC Eighth Annual Awards Dinner. great deal of knowledge into our mittees. The 6 years we served together gave In my salute, I said: House, and you should be commended me the fortunate opportunity to work with a Tonight the Congressional Black Caucus for that. true leader. I also want to thank the distin- presents its Special Awards to two outstand- Mr. Speaker, as chairman of the Con- guished gentlewoman from Texas, Ms. SHEILA ing members of our organization. My privi- gressional Black Caucus, I am very lege, indeed my honor, is to acknowledge the JACKSON-LEE, for calling this important special contributions of one of them, Barbara Jor- pleased to participate in this special order. dan. Barbara Jordan has been to the Con- order, to join in this tribute to a very Barbara Jordan was one of the few Mem- gressional Black Caucus what Hubert Hum- extraordinary American, whose service bers of Congress whose influence was felt phrey was to the Democratic Farmer’s Labor here in the U.S. House of Representa- from the moment she arrived. Her powerful in- Party in Minnesota, what Susan B. Anthony tives earned her a national reputation, tellect and her logical approach to the legisla- was to the suffrage movement, what Jackie the Honorable Barbara Jordan. tive process made her formidable throughout Robinson was to baseball, what Sojourner b 1900 her career. It is easy for me to remember that Truth was to early freedom fighters. She has she influenced my decisions more frequently been our guiding light, our trailblazer. A graduate of Boston University’s Barbara is what the E.F. Hutton commer- school of law, Ms. Jordan served as ad- than I hers. I know many of my colleagues cial says—when she speaks, people listen. here tonight would agree with that statement. They listen not only in the halls of Congress ministrative assistant to Harris Coun- In addition to her incredible gift of oratory, and the inner sanctums of the Oval Office, ty Judge Bill Elliot in the early 1960’s. she carefully reasoned her way through the but also in the towns and hamlets of Amer- In 1966, she made history through her end to what Government policy might best be ica. They listen in the cities and the urban election as the first African-American for our country. Barbara dedicated her career areas. They listen in the corporate board since 1883 to serve in the Texas Senate to fighting for those who couldn't fight for rooms and the living rooms. But even more and did an outstanding, credible job themselves. As the first African-American important, they listen in the school rooms there. After winning reelection to that and the pool rooms. And what they hear is a office, she achieved another historical woman elected from the South in the 20th beautiful black woman with pathos and pas- century, she worked hard to continue the Fed- sion, brilliantly articulating the omens of first for the State of Texas in 1972, eral protection of civil rights. She worked to ill-fated clouds which hang so ominously when she captured the seat to serve in improve the Voting Rights Act of 1965 by ex- over Western culture. They hear a voice so the 18th District of Texas in the U.S. tending its merits to Hispanic-Americans, na- powerful, so awesome, so imposing that it House of Representatives. tive Americans, and Asian-Americans. She cannot not be ignored and will never be si- Although she was a newcomer, a was also the author of the Consumer Goods lenced. What they hear is a voice verbalizing freshman, a Member of the House of Pricing Act of 1975. the hopes, frustrations, aspirations of mil- Representatives during the tumultuous Many will remember Barbara Jordan from lions who have no way themselves to effec- 93d Congress when the Watergate scan- tively communicate with those who dictate her role in the Watergate hearings. Barbara's the social, political and economic order. dal unfolded, as you heard earlier, she remarkable oratory, her passion for the Con- Barbara Jordan is Barbara Jordan because gained national reputation and respect stitution and public service, and her commit- she refused to let modesty prevail over through her eloquent performance dur- ment to the democratic processes helped truth, because she has refused to accept this ing the House Committee on the Judi- guide the Nation during some of our most nation as it is, because she has demanded it ciary impeachment hearings, which troubling and soul-searching days. She was a become what it ought to be. was chaired by my predecessor, Peter critical figure at a pivotal time for our Nation In the words of Marvin Gaye, Barbara is Rodino. devoted to an idea of ‘‘saving the children and for the House. She helped us see the way and saving a world destined to die.’’ In the Peter Rodino used to talk many through a turbulent time. words of Gladys Knight, Barbara is the ‘‘best hours about the Watergate investiga- We cannot forget that Barbara Jordan was thing that ever happened’’ to the Black Cau- tion, but any time he would lecture the first African-American and the first woman cus. In the words of the Commodores, Bar- about Watergate. He is currently a pro- to serve as a keynote speaker at a Demo- bara is ‘‘once, twice, three times a lady.’’ fessor at the Seton Hall School of Jus- cratic National Convention when she spoke in Tonight, we, the members of the CBC, tice, the law school in Newark that is 1976. She served as a keynote speaker again proudly recognize a person who carved a named after him, the Peter Rodino niche in the hearts of the American public School of Social Justice. in New York at the 1992 Democratic Conven- by her probing, penetrating questions during tion. Her words helped remind us, both times, the impeachment hearings, a person who lift- He would talk about Barbara Jordan why we were Democrats and what we needed ed the hearts of those Americans with her and her interpretation of the Constitu- to do to fulfill our commitment to working sterling oratory at the Democratic National tion, her eloquence, the way when she Americans. Convention. Tonight, we pay homage to the spoke everyone listened, and I felt that January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 829 I knew Barbara personally because of Jordan for all the fine work she did, As a matter of fact, 3 years ago Con- Congressman Rodino and his experi- not just on behalf of the constituents gressman GREG LAUGHLIN, then a Dem- ence there with her. that she represented in Texas, but for ocrat, and I formed the FSU American Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. people all over this country who had Energy Caucus. The purpose of this Speaker, I know that my time is end- the highest respect for her leadership caucus is to foster improved relations ing, and I am interested in the gen- in this Congress and after she left this in our Congress, we well as in the Rus- tleman having the opportunity to con- Congress. sian Duma, to support joint venture clude his remarks, and I would ask the Mr. Speaker, my special order this agreements with American energy gentleman from Pennsylvania, Mr. evening is going to focus on a recent companies wanting to do business in WELDON, my dear friend, as his hour be- trip that I took last week to the former the former Soviet States. gins, might he yield a few minutes for Soviet Union, to Russia, to talk about Over the past 3 years, we have Chairman PAYNE to conclude and for events that unfolded there; some spe- worked with the major energy corpora- me to conclude with one or two sen- cial initiatives that I was able to con- tions and have helped complete agree- tences? vey to the new speaker of the Russian ments on both Sakhalin I and Sakhalin f Duma, and to an assessment of what is II, the two largest energy deals in the happening politically inside of Russia. history of the world that are currently RECENT VISIT TO RUSSIA Mr. Speaker, earlier today I was on underway in the area around Sakhalin The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the House floor in a very emotional Island in Eastern Siberia in Russia. the Speaker’s announced policy of May speech discussing the recent efforts by Those two projects, along with 12, 1995, the gentleman from Penn- the Committee on National Security to Sakhalin III which is now under nego- sylvania [Mr. WELDON] is recognized for remove National Missile Defense con- tiations, will see between 50 and 70 bil- 60 minutes as the designee of the ma- siderations from our defense authoriza- lion dollars worth of western invest- jority leader. tion bill. As the chairman of the re- ment go into Russia to help them de- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. search and development subcommittee, velop the one resource that they have Speaker, I am happy to yield such time I fought hard to include language in significant amounts of, and that is as our friend may consume for the pur- that bill originally, that was vetoed by their energy resources. pose of continuing his remarks. President Clinton, that would have al- Mr. Speaker, these deals are not just TRIBUTE TO BARBARA JORDAN lowed this country to move forward in good for Russia in helping them bring Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Thank terms of developing an allowable mis- in the hard currency they need and cre- you very much, and I will be brief. sile defense capability similar to that ate jobs they need and helps them sta- Representative Jordan’s passion for a the Russians already had under the bilize their economy, but it is also good more just world was unsurpassed. She ABM treaty. Unfortunately, and I for America. It reduces our dependency confirmed her vision in support of civil think largely because of misinforma- on Middle Eastern crude and allows us rights laws that would make our soci- tion, we were never able to accomplish to create joint ventures to obtain new ety a more equitable society. In June that, and had to pull that section from sources of energy that we can use in of 1975, when the House was extending the bill. this Nation. the Voting Rights Act of 1965 for 10 ad- In my discussions, I talked about The energy caucus has also allowed ditional years, she sponsored that leg- some of the problems that exist be- us to form direct ties with elected islation that broadened the group that tween our country and Russia. With members of the Russian Duma as well would include Hispanic-Americans, that in mind, I rise tonight, Mr. Speak- as elected parliamentarians in the Asian-Americans, and native Ameri- er, to talk about a recent trip and the other energy-rich republics, namely cans. In 1976 she was the first woman broader efforts that I have undertaken Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan and and the first African-American to de- to build a base, a foundation, if you Tajikistan and some of the other re- liver a keynote address at the Demo- will, between the people of Russia, be- publics where there are valuable en- cratic national convention. tween members of the Duma and the ergy resources. She left the Congress to pursue her Federation Counsel in Russia and Two years ago, in an effort to reach teaching career as a professor at the Members of this Congress. out to the Russians on another issue, I Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Mr. Speaker, my interest in Russia joined the GLOBE, Global Legislators Affairs at the University of Texas in goes back to my college days where my for a Balanced Environment to focus Austin to teach and to work with stu- undergraduate degree is in Russian on energy initiatives with the elected dents, young people whom she loved. studies. Twenty years ago, I spoke the leaders inside of Russia to show that Barbara Jordan will be remembered language fluently and studied the cul- we can work together for common en- as a tower of strength whose ture, the people, the history, the gov- vironmental problems. unshakable strength saw us through a ernment, and all the various aspects of In fact, we have focused particularly national crisis. She will forever remain Russian society. My language skills are on our concerns relative to the practice a shining example of integrity, of cour- not so competent today, but I can still of the Russians over the past 30 years age in public service. communicate fairly well with Russian of dumping their nuclear wastes in the I know that my colleagues join me in leaders. Arctic ocean, the sea of Japan, the Ber- extending our condolences to her fam- Over the past 20 years, I have been ing Sea, and other coastal waters that ily and her friends. No doubt it is some able to host a number of visiting Rus- border various parts of Russia and the comfort to know that future genera- sians on trips to this country, and I former Soviet States. tions will continue to draw on the in- have had the opportunity to travel to To that end, Mr. Speaker, GLOBE spiration from her remarkable life and the former Soviet Union, and Russia in has established a working group, which work. particular, on six or seven occasions. I chair, on the oceans involving legisla- Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. During my tenure in Congress, Mr. tors from the Russian Duma, the Japa- Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Speaker, as a member of the Commit- nese Diet, and the European Par- allow Members to have 5 days to revise tee on National Security, I would char- liament. We meet on average twice a and extend, and I thank the gentleman acterize myself as a hard-liner when it year and look to find ways that we can from Pennsylvania [Mr. WELDON] for comes to military and foreign policy work together, again, on environ- allowing us to honor this great Amer- relations with the former Soviet mental issues, but again bringing elect- ican and great lady. Union, now Russia. However, I take ed parliamentarians together so that Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. great pride in the efforts to reach out we can establish a base of understand- Speaker, I was very happy to yield to and establish a solid base of under- ing and cooperation that can help us our good friends in continuing the spe- standing and a cooperative effort at deal with some of the more difficult is- cial order in honor of one of the Na- working with the Russians to achieve sues that confront our two nations. tion’s great leaders. I join with them, the common objective of stability for Just last spring, a group of Russian as a Member of the Republican Party, the people of Russia and the surround- Duma members visited Washington in paying tribute to the late Barbara ing former Soviet republics. who belonged to the Duma defense H 830 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 committee and along with my chair- new direct computer linkage between ing their waste in the oceans and to man, the gentleman from South Caro- Members of the American Congress and stop the uncontrolled pollution, espe- lina, Mr. SPENCE, and my colleagues, Members of the Russian Duma, ulti- cially from their nuclear waste that the gentleman from California, DUNCAN mately elected parliamentarians has occurred for the past three decades. HUNTER, and the gentleman from Lou- around the world, so that we have ac- While there were a lot of technical isiana, BOB LIVINGSTON. cess through a worldwide web of com- sessions that were held during the We met behind closed doors for about munication instantly to knock down three-day conference, the end result 2 hours to discuss relations with Rus- some of the misconceptions, some of was that we received some limited as- sian Duma members who are involved the half-truths, and some of the prob- surances from the Russians that for the in defense and foreign policy issues lems that occur from time to time time being they will in fact abide by with members of our defense and for- when misinformation gets into our the London convention. They did not eign policy concerns. We had very hands and perhaps when misinforma- say they would actually sign the Lon- frank and candid discussions about ev- tion gets into the hands of the Russian don convention, which would allow erything from the ABM Treaty to the elected officials. them to take a formal step to acknowl- START II Treaty to conventional Those were the suggestions that were edge they would no longer dump, but weapons to NATO expansion, missile contained in your letter that I deliv- they agreed to as much as possible hold treaty issues and anything you could ered on your behalf, and I can tell you, off on dumping of nuclear waste. think of in that realm. They were very Mr. Speaker, the response that I got in worthwhile discussions. Moscow last week was extremely posi- Also at the conference, Mr. Speaker, I proposed at that time that we es- tive to both of the suggestions. Hope- we outlined steps that we are taking in tablish a formal process that Members fully, very quickly, we can work to this country, through the cooperative of Congress meet regularly with mem- turn those into reality. threat reduction program, to assist the bers of the Russian Duma defense com- But let me backtrack a minute, Mr. Russians in disposing of their nuclear mittees. Mr. Speaker, there were three Speaker, and talk about the first part waste. They do not have the tech- areas that we focused on in an effort to of the trip and what we set out to ac- nology. They do not have the re- build a stable working relationship complish. Arriving in St. Petersburg on sources. And part of what we have done with members of the Russian par- Sunday, the small group that was trav- through the Navy over the past 3 years liament, the Duma. eling with me, which included Air is that we have provided approximately Especially with the elections just oc- Force liaison Steve Bull, Colonel Bull, $30 million that we have controlled curring in December, it was all the and full committee staff member Dave that has allowed the Russians to assess more reason why we in this Congress Trachtenberg. We were to become par- the impact that the disposal of that have to work to better understand ticipants in the conference sponsored nuclear waste has caused on the seas, where Russia is going and the mind-set by the ACPS organization. ACPS is the both in the northern area where the of the Russian people and its leader- Advisory Council on the Protection of northern fleet is headquartered and out ship. the Seas. in the eastern part of Siberia in the With those thoughts in mind, Mr. This assemblage of approximately 175 Sea of Japan. Speaker, I approached you back in De- leaders from most of the nations that The leverage that we were able to ob- cember of last year and suggested that border the seas of the world was de- tain by putting that relatively small you take a leadership role and write to signed to provide a particular focus on amount of money up to help deal with the new speaker of the Russian Duma, the problem of Arctic nuclear waste a very serious world problem has now who would be elected in January of dumping. As the Vice President of seen the Japanese and the South Kore- this year, offering to establish a formal ACPS for the United States, my job ans come forward with money that is Russian Duma to Congress study group was to represent our country and to allowing them to help finance a similar modeled after our Congress-Bundestag convey the message that we in this solution for Russia’s nuclear waste out study group that works so closely with Congress not only wanted to work with on the Pacific fleet and in the area of the German Bundestag. our colleagues and other nations in- Vladivostok. And the Pacific fleet it- The purpose of this effort would be to volved with ACPS, but that we felt it self. So the good news coming out of have the Speaker to our Congress and of the highest urgency that Russia deal the ACOPS conference was that we the Speaker of the Russian Duma agree with this issue of disposing of their nu- have a working relationship with Rus- that it would be in the interests of clear waste in a safe manner. sia that we can build on, that the lead- both countries to have our elected par- Mr. Speaker, we are all aware of the ership of the Russian Duma, that the liamentarians work together in a very Yablakov report. It was developed writ- leadership of the Russian military un- close way on a number of issues, name- ten and released by Alexi Yablakov, a derstands that it is in both of our in- ly, energy, the environment, business friend of mine and perhaps one of the terests to work together to find com- issues, defense issues, foreign policy is- most outspoken Russian activist on en- mon ways of preventing additional sues, but even going beyond that to is- vironmental issues in the country. He dumping of this raw material into the sues involving perhaps domestic policy has been a member of President seas of the world. considerations. Not only can we discuss Yeltsin’s National Security Council Why is this so important to America? particular issues and try to find com- and a key advisor to Yeltsin on envi- mon solutions, but work to develop re- Obviously for those who live in Alaska ronmental issues and prior to that was and Hawaii, the potential threat from lationships that can allow us to under- an advisor to Gorbachev. stand each other and also to deal with polluted materials and polluted marine It was under President Yeltsin’s lead- environment from coming into the wa- these tough issues where we, in fact, ership that Yablakov was able to docu- are going to disagree: Some of the trea- ters off Alaska is real and it is signifi- ment for the first time the worst fears cant. That is why over the past several ty issues for instance, that we dis- about what Russia and the former So- years Senator TED STEVENS and Con- cussed on the House floor earlier today. viet Union had been doing in terms of gressman DON YOUNG and Senator With that in mind, Mr. Speaker, you dumping its nuclear waste into the FRANK MURKOWSKI have been out- drafted a letter that I was able to hand open seas. deliver to Moscow as a part of my trip spoken leaders in both houses of this b last week. I will document the process 1915 Congress on the issue of working with that we went through to deliver what I The conference in St. Petersburg, Mr. the Russians to help deal with this think is one of the most innovative ini- Speaker, allowed us to focus in a posi- problem of nuclear waste disposal. tiatives that has come out of this Con- tive way with the Russians. Two-thirds So all in all, our efforts in St. Peters- gress in terms of working to stabilize of the attendees there were Russian burg, I think, were worthwhile and will relations with the elected officials in- leaders, including leadership of the lead to further efforts to assist the side of Russia. Russian Navy, to focus on a common Russians in acknowledging the past We also, in that letter, carried your solution working together to allow us practices that have caused worldwide suggstion, Mr. Speaker, to establish a to convince the Russians to stop dump- environmental problems and to keep January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 831 their feet to the fire in terms of help- While we were in Moscow, I was able Mr. Speaker, we met with ing them find solutions that will pre- to meet with leaders of the four major Zhirinovsky’s top aide, Mr. Mitrofanov, vent these kinds of shortsighted ac- parties who were successful in the De- who is a member of the Russian Duma tions taking place in the future. cember elections. As we all know, Mr. and in fact is now chairing the party While in St. Petersburg, Mr. Speaker, Speaker, the Russian State Duma has dealing with worldwide issues. We had we visited the Baltic shipyard. The 450 elected officials. Control of that en- a very frank and candid discussion Baltic Shipyard is the largest shipyard tire Duma was up in the December with him. And I can tell you, Mr. in St. Petersburg, currently employing elections. And even though Boris Speaker, the response that he brought about 8,000 workers. It is the shipyard Yeltsin made a very impassioned plea to us from Zhirinovsky’s party was ex- where much of the construction of the to maintain the control of the Duma tremely supportive, wanting to reach Soviet Navy took place. In fact, it is with that party most aligned with his out and work in a positive way with where all of the Kirov-class warships position on key issues, that in fact was both of the suggestions that were con- were built. not the case. It was not the outcome of tained in your letter. While we were there, we were able to the elections. The suggestion about the permanent go up and stand next to and see the lat- In fact, Mr. Speaker, as we all know, Duma to Congress forum and the sug- est warship built by the Russians, the the Communist Party, making a resur- gestion about the worldwide internet Peter the Great, which is a nuclear gence in Moscow, dominated the local we would establish starting off with powered cruiser, very capable ship that elections and, in fact, were able to our Congress and their Duma. is the newest ship in the Russian fleet, elect 158 members to the new Duma, The second meeting with Mr. just launched this past year, and which far and away more than any other fac- Averchev, Vladimir Averchev, who is a has just completed its first sea trials. tion politically in Russia. Coming in member of the Yablakov party, a close We had some very frank discussions second was the Liberal Democratic associate of Mr. Lukin. And Mr. with the management of the Baltic Party, that party headed by Vladimir Averchev was very enthusiastic about Shipyard about their capabilities. We Zhirinovsky, someone with whom the the suggestion you made and offered were given a comprehensive tour of West has got to interact and under- his personal support to help build the that shipyard, both inside and out, pro- stand because of some of the radical coalition of members of the Duma from peller shop, inside construction facili- positions that he has taken in the past. the various political factions to turn ties, to see firsthand what is taking Zhirinovsky’s party, Mr. Speaker, did your suggestions into reality. place there. not do as well as he had hoped and cer- And on the following day of our visit In addition to those visits, in a meet- tainly that is good news for us, but in to Moscow, I had a chance to meet with ing that we held with the leadership of fact did garner 51 seats in the new Aleksey Arbatov, a leader on the Duma the Baltic Shipyard on Tuesday, we de- Duma. defense establishment. He, too, was ex- In addition, another major party win- livered a report that was the result of tremely excited about the possibility ning significant support in the Duma an effort a year earlier where Members of implementing both of your sugges- was the Our Home is Russia Party, of this Congress went to Russia with tions. the idea of helping to find a way to which is the party of Viktor I also had a chance to visit the Krem- Chernomyrdin and the party most convert that shipyard away from build- lin and to meet with President closely aligned with Yeltsin. That ing warships and into the field of envi- Yeltsin’s key advisors on defense is- party was only able to secure a total of ronmental decontamination so that the sues, particularly treaty issues, ABM, Russians could take all of their surplus 54 votes in the Duma elections. And finally, the fourth major party START II. And each of those key advi- navy vessels that are heavily contami- getting a significant seat in terms of sors, in particular, Mr. Kortunov, were nated with PCB’s, with ozone-depleting the Duma and in terms of the factional extremely excited about the initiative gases, with carcinogenic paints, with interests was the Yablakov Party, that you have put forth. sludge material on the bottom of their headed by Grigory Yavlinsky. That So, Mr. Speaker, I can tell you today hulls, to show their workers, who used party is also more of a mainstream and report back to you and to our col- to build these ships, that we could em- party, and they only achieved 45 seats leagues in this body and to the people ploy them or they could be employed in in the Duma. of America that you have, I think, cre- new technologies to clean them up. Following those four key parties, a ated a landmark effort, very early on Then once the ships were clean, that number of smaller parties, the Agrar- in this new Russian Duma, to reach out the scrap value of those ships would ian Party, the Women of Russia Party in a clear way to establish a working allow them to be taken apart in Rus- received lesser votes, but because of relationship that will help us establish sian shipyards, perhaps the Baltic ship- the requirement in the Russian con- a base of operation and understanding yard itself or in shipyards in America stitution that for full recognition a between our parliamentarians but, that have been hurting for work. party had to achieve 5 percent of the more importantly, to be able to deal We delivered the report to the Rus- electorate in the Duma elections, none with the difficult issues where we will sian leadership and with it came the of them were able to make that cutoff. not be in such agreement, and some of recommendations for the next step in So while they have Members in the those were discussed on the floor of the helping to move that project forward. I Duma, they do not have the status that House today relative to our defense am optimistic, Mr. Speaker, that we the four major parties that I just men- bill. can work with the Russians to help tioned have. So the ball is now in the Russians’ continue to convert that Baltic ship- In fact, the Independents, with 77 court. We anticipate a response from yard into more nondefense uses, espe- members, are a very large bloc but the new speaker in a matter of weeks cially in the environmental decon- they are not organized and they are not and, Mr. Speaker, we hope that that re- tamination area. recognized because they represent var- sponse will be very positive. Leaving St. Petersburg, Mr. Speaker, ious independent factions. A word about the new speaker. While dealing with environmental issues, we The point is, Mr. Speaker, that with we were in Moscow, we had a difficult traveled to Moscow and the second part your effort in mind, with the two-page time delivering your letter, Mr. Speak- of our trip focused on relations with letter that you gave me to hand deliver er, because it was not until Thursday the new Russian Duma members and to to members of the Russian Duma, I was evening that the Duma could, in fact, assess the situation as the Duma met able to meet with each of the various agree on who the new speaker should in fact on that Monday that we arrived political factions to discuss with them be. As you know, Mr. Rybkin has been there for the first time ever. your ideas and the notion that I put to the past speaker in the Russian Duma. Mr. Speaker, the election results in you back in December about establish- Mr. Rybkin represents more of the tra- terms of who won the Duma were quite ing this new interactive network be- ditional political groups that have sup- interesting and certainly point up the tween members of the Russian Duma ported President Yeltsin’s policies. fact that we in this Congress need to and the major political factions and In the first vote, Mr. Rybkin only understand which parties in fact are in Members of our Congress, both Demo- achieved a total of 116 votes. Mr. control right now in Russia. crats and Republicans. Seleznyov, who was the candidate for H 832 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 the Communist Party, Gennadi meetings was on that very subject with foreign policy, and each of these other Seleznyov received a total of 216 votes, Mr. Lukin’s top aide, to try to clarify relationships. and the third party candidate, Mr. some of the adoption laws for those But we also, Mr. Speaker, have a Lukin, from the Yablokov Party, re- Americans who want to adopt Russian common agenda that says we cannot ceived 56 votes. native children but who are prevented overlook the reality of what is happen- No one achieved the required number right now because of the laws in their ing with those leaders in the Russian of 226 votes to be named Speaker of the country; working on issues involving military who, in many cases, were new Russian Duma. Therefore, it was education, issues where we can find there when it was the Soviet military, impossible on Wednesday to deliver common ground, not necessarily to and whether it comes to treaty compli- your letter. reach full agreement but, in the end, to ance or whether it comes to nuclear On Thursday evening, after a lot of build better understanding and a better weapons or whether it comes to con- political give and take and a lot of foundation. ventional arms sales, we need to under- horse trading in terms of committee Mr. Speaker, I had some other meet- stand the mindset of what is occurring leadership assignments, the various ings I want to briefly highlight while in that country. factions were able to come together we were there. In terms of the energy To that end, Mr. Speaker, I had some and in fact elected a new Speaker for caucus, we did meet with the major en- very serious discussions with both the the Russian Duma. By a vote of 231 for ergy companies who have a presence in think-tank experts, the policy people the Speaker of the Russian Duma, Moscow. I spoke to them at our break- from the USAK Institute, as well as Gennadi Seleznyov is in October the fast meeting. They are very excited Yeltsin’s key advisors. I related to new Speaker, someone to whom your about the production-sharing agree- them the concern in this Congress, in letter was delivered and whom I hope ment that was just approved by the this country, that Russian right now you will have an ongoing relationship Russian Duma in December that is al- has a distinct advantage. Under the with. lowing us to move forward with joint ABM Treaty, each country is allowed Now, it scares many in this country ventures. to have one missile defense system, and that the new Speaker of the Russian The only thing I would say is that as they reiterated to me, Russia has Parliament is a Communist. And it cer- the Russians have to understand that the world’s only operational ABM sys- tainly is something that we have to they cannot keep changing the rules of tem. Even though we are allowed to look at. But the word that I got from the road while these deals are being de- have one under that treaty, we do not those who know him and from those veloped. In face, Mr. Speaker, I will have one. They have one that protects around him is that he is someone that submit a chart for the RECORD showing 80 percent of the population of Russia. we can deal with. I think it is going to that much of the efforts that we have That treaty is operational, it has be very difficult for him to revert back put forward to establish these joint ini- been upgraded three times, and in fact, to the pre-Russia days and the days of tiatives have been hampered by the I tried to visit one of the ABM sites. I the former Soviet bloc status, but he is Russian legislature changing the rules was told if I stayed over a second week in power. He represents the largest along the way, resulting in significant they would take me to one of the ABM party faction, and we need to make increases in taxes that have caused sites, but could not fit it into their sure that we work with him and, as we some of our American companies to schedule the week that I was there. I have done on your behalf, Mr. Speaker, have second thoughts about this West- also tried to meet with General Sergev, reach out to him in a hand of friend- ern investment of private sector dol- who was the chief of strategic rocket ship to say, let us work together. lars. forces, who heads up their missile capa- Coming in second in that vote again We also had a chance to meet with bility. I also could not get a meeting was Mr. Rybkin with 150 votes and in Ambassador Pickering to discuss a with him, but I will return to Russia at third place again was Mr. Lukin with wide range of issues involving our joint some point in time, and I will meet 50 votes. As a matter of fact, I was with relations. Then I had a chance to meet with him. He is the equivalent to our Mr. Lukin as he went down to cast his with the leading defense experts and Mal O’Neill, General O’Neill who heads vote. He knew he would lose. But in think-tank leaders in Russia to talk our BMDO. working a deal, the Yablakov Party about issues involving the ABM Trea- The point is, Mr. Speaker, that I con- was able to preserve two of the most ty, START II, and Russian-American veyed to the Russians that I am not powerful committee assignments in the relations. about sticking it in their eye, that I Russian Duma. Along that line, as I mentioned, I want to work with them to convince met with 3 of Yeltsin’s top advisors on them that missile defense is as much in b 1930 defense and foreign policy issues, head- their best interests as is ours, because Mr. Speaker, they were able to keep ed up by Mr. Kortunov, who, in fact, is the threat of attack from a rogue na- control of the Committee on Inter- going to be the executive secretary of a tion is probably more against them national Relations, and they were also new 20-member panel that Mr. Yeltsin than it is us because of who borders able to keep control of the Committee is convening to review all the nuances their country. on the Budget. So it was, in fact, a bro- of the ABM Treaty for the Russian They expressed a desire that we can- kered election. Mr. Seleznyov is, in side. not get away from the theory of mutu- fact, the new speaker. In fact, I wished In fact, Mr. Speaker, I would suggest ally assured destruction, and I con- him well and gave him your letter, and that we ask President Clinton, along vinced them that we have, in fact, the we now await his response. with you and Senator DOLE, to convene capability, under the existing treaty, Mr. Speaker, as I mentioned, the re- a similar 20-person panel to look at our to build a system, just like they have sponse from the Duma members that I concerns with the ABM Treaty and to in Moscow. The American people do met with was extremely positive. I had interact with this effort that is going not even realize that. When you ask a chance to travel the halls of their to be headed up from the standpoint of the American people if we are allowed Duma, much like our halls around our actual operation by Mr. Kortunov. to have a system to protect us against Congress, to interact with members Let me get into a couple of issues in- a launch of an incoming missile, they and their staffs, to see firsthand the volving the treaty. Mr. Speaker, I have would think we did, and frequently I early days of the Duma organization. I given you all of this documentation have to tell them no, we do not have implore you, Mr. Speaker, as soon as about relations because I want our col- any such system, because our leader- we get the official nod, to allow us to leagues to know that we are not about ship, primarily our liberal leadership begin this process of aggressive inter- sticking it in the eye of the Russian in this Congress and in the White action. leaders and people. In fact, we are House right now, will not allow us to Mr. Speaker, what I envision are a doing more to reach out to the Rus- implement what Russia already has, series of subgroups focused on energy sians and the members of their Duma which I cannot understand, Mr. Speak- issues, on environmental issues, on de- than any other Congress has done in re- er. I cannot understand that notion. fense and foreign policy issues, on is- cent history in the area of the environ- Again, I say, this as not someone who sues involving adoption. One of our ment, in the area of energy, defense, is attempting to tweak the Russians, January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 833 but as someone who devotes a good decision about what the threat is. As a the Russians. They respect that. In all part of his time to building strong rela- matter of fact, Mr. Speaker, while I of my dealings with Russia over the tionships with the Russian people, with was in Russia, while I met with the em- past 20 years, in hosting over 100 Mem- their leadership and their Duma. bassy staff in Moscow and then had a bers of the Duma in my office last I would tell you this, Mr. Speaker, private meeting with Ambassador year, the one thing Russians respect, despite the rhetoric we heard coming Pickering for an hour and then met including my good friends over there, out of the White House this week, the with the leading advisors to President is when you are honest with them. leaders that I have met with in terms Yeltsin, I asked them about an inci- That is why they, in the end, liked of the Russian think-tanks and the ad- dent that occurred in early December Ronald Reagan. They always knew visors to Yeltsin were more concerned of last year. where he was coming from. from a START II standpoint, with The Jordanians, Mr. Speaker, as doc- But if, in fact, they see that our pol- President Clinton’s goal of expanding umented by the Washington Post on icy is set first and then we sanitize all NATO, than they were with the pros- December 15, confiscated the most ad- of the information we get so it does not pect of America developing a treaty- vanced telemetry equipment that undermine the policy, that is not some- compliant missile defense system much would only be used in a long-range thing they will respect. It is not some- like they have around Moscow, but you ICBM, intercontinental ballistic mis- thing that is going to be in our best in- never hear President Clinton talk sile. These accelerometers and gyro- terests. about that. scopes only could be used in a long- Mr. Speaker, unfortunately, I sense Mr. Speaker, he only talks about range missile. They were from Russia that is beginning to happen now. It what we want to do in the Congress of and they were heading to Iraq. The scares me. In the hearings that we will a date certain system as being some- Jordanian and Israeli intelligence con- hold this year, we will look at that thing that could jeopardize START II. fiscated them. We now have in our pos- issue. We will look at the intelligence I think that is a red herring. I do not session some of these items that have relative to Russian command and con- think that is the case. We are going to been photographed by the Washington trol. make that case this year politically, as Post. Let us get back to the issue of the Mr. Clinton attempts to prevent us I asked everyone I met within Mos- technology being transferred. Is it not from moving forward with what I think cow, ‘‘How do you explain, if there is strange, Mr. Speaker, that no one we need, and that is the capability stability here, how do you explain the would even tell me that we had ques- much like the Russians have today. most advanced technology that can tioned the Russians on how this mate- Mr. Speaker, besides the issue of the help the Iraqis develop a long-range rial was being transferred? I think I existing ABM system in Moscow and missile that could threaten any Amer- know why, Mr. Speaker: Because when the treaty, I raised the notion with the ican city, how do you explain that we expose the facts and when we get on Russians that I understand the impor- leaving Russia?’’ Because either answer the record that Russia has, either di- tance of the ABM treaty politically to is a problem for us: If the Russians say rectly or indirectly, legally or ille- them, but that we now have a respon- they know nothing about it, that is a gally, transferred this advanced equip- sibility in a world that is no longer bi- problem, because it means they do not ment to Iraq, it is going to be a viola- polar of protecting our people against a have control of their technology base; tion of the missile control technology rogue attack. This is extremely impor- and if they say it was a legitimate sale, regime, which Russia just entered this tant, Mr. Speaker. Some in our Con- that is a problem, because it means past fall. Guess what, Mr. Speaker? gress, particularly on the Democrat they are exporting technology that, When Russia is in fact in violation of side, the more liberal Members, would down the road, in Saddam’s hands will the MTCR, this country must take ac- say that, ‘‘The intelligence community threaten American interests. tions. Those actions could lead to sanc- says there is no threat in the next 15 Mr. Speaker, we are not talking tions. years.’’ about pie-in-the-sky ideas. We are Is this administration so naive that I wrote to Gen. Mal O’Neill today to talking about reality. Mr. Speaker, it would ignore what the Russians are get his views on the most recent intel- what bothered me most was when I doing, so we do not have to impose ligence estimate, which I had a classi- talked to the Russians who advise sanctions or even discuss it, so we do fied briefing on about a month ago. I Yeltsin. One, by the way, is a good not talk about this? Mr. Speaker, I am think I was the first Member to have friend of mine. I have been on three or not going to let that happen. that. I walked out of the briefing, be- four delegations with him over the past I raised this issue with the Russians cause it was so poor. 10 years. I was active with him when he directly at the same time I talked Mr. Speaker, our intelligence com- was a member of the Young Com- about helping them with their energy, munity, in the most politicized effort I munist League, the Comsomol; he is a with their environment, with their de- have seen in my 10 years here, has said member. He just wrote a book on mis- fense, with adoption and all the other that Russia has not changed in 5 years. sile proliferation. issues I talked about. But I am not Despite cutoffs of power to their stra- When I asked him, ‘‘How do you ex- going to ignore reality when it comes tegic nuclear force headquarters, de- plain this incident,’’ he said to me, to what people in the Russian military spite no housing for the military, de- ‘‘We don’t know anything about it.’’ may be doing on their own. spite military personnel not being paid That was reported in the Washington We have got to understand that, Mr. for months, despite tremendous morale Post. I would invite any Member of Speaker, because this administration problems, and despite the leakage of this Congress to request a classified does not want to confront reality. They technology, both deliberately and acci- briefing they can receive as a Member are so bent on bolstering up Yeltsin, dentally, out of Russia, our intel- of this body on the evidence that we whom I support and whom I hope suc- ligence agency comes forward and says have in our hands on this advanced ceeds. Even though the most recent that nothing has changed. That to me technology going to Iraq for a long- polling data in Russia shows he only is unbelievable. In the first quarter of range ICBM, not just one delivery, but has 8 percent support in the entire Rus- this year, Mr. Speaker, I will chair evidence of other deliveries coming out sian electorate, I want to see Yeltsin hearings in the R&D committee, and of Russia. succeed. I want to see democracy suc- we will expose what I think is a con- Mr. Speaker, the ABM Treaty does ceed. I want to see economic reform sistent pattern of sanitizing intel- not protect us against Iraq having a succeed. But I do not want to do it in ligence data. long-range missile. It does not protect a vacuum, and not protect the people This, to me, is outrageous. As some- us against China’s CSS–II. It does not of this country. one who spends the bulk of his time protect us against North Korea’s No I also proposed the question to those working on building and improving Dong or Taepo Dong–II missile, which that I debated from the think-tanks Russian-American relations, I find it now has ranges close to Hawaii and and from Yeltsin’s key advisory group unconscionable that anyone would at- Alaska. on defense and foreign policy issues, tempt to sanitize information that Mr. Speaker, we have to address how they would explain to me their would allow us to make an objective these issues up front and candidly with concern with any treaty without them H 834 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996 understanding our mindset, and our not as an alarmist, but as somebody pulled by a tractor, basically pulling mindset is very important, that they who delivered your letter to the new the back of a truck, can reach any city have to understand as well as we un- speaker of the Russian Duma, Mr. in America, one SS–25; and the Rus- derstand theirs. Seleznyov, who met with the Duma sians have probably 500 SS–25 launch- I related a story to them, Mr. Speak- leadership, who met with Zhirinovsky’s ers. One SS–25 removed from Russia er, of my first session in this Congress, party, who met with the Yablakov and taken to a Third World nation pre- in 1987. My first amendment on the party, the Russia Is Our Home party, sents an immediate threat to this floor of the House was an amendment and the Communists, to convince them county. That is a possibility, Mr. offered on the defense authorization that we want to work with them, but Speaker. bill that was very simple. It was of- we cannot do that in a vacuum. In hearings that I chaired last year, fered at the time that the liberals were Mr. Speaker, we cannot allow the in- the CIA said on the record it would be telling then-President Reagan that we telligence community of this country possible to take one battery out with- should adhere to the strictest possible to be sanitized by anyone in the White out us knowing it. I am not talking interpretation of the ABM Treaty. House. I am not just talking about the about a nuclear weapon being on the My amendment was very simple and President; I am talking about key pol- tip of that missile. I am talking about said, ‘‘The Russians,’’ at that time the icy advisers or anyone else who may a conventional weapon. It could be a Soviet Union, ‘‘had violated the ABM have an ultimate objective and who chemical or biological weapon, or it Treaty by the installation of the says we can’t allow anything to get in could be just the threat itself. Krasnoyarsk radar system where it was the way of that objective. That is not Mr. Speaker, these are the threats installed.’’ My amendment passed the the purpose of the intelligence commu- that are there. This is reality. And for House in a recorded vote 418 to 0. No nity. us to have a lasting relationship with Member disagreed with me. But the lib- We who are the elected representa- the Russians that works in both of our erals said, ‘‘It is not an important vio- tives of the people of this country need interests to build trust and under- lation. It is a trivial violation.’’ data based on fact, and we are going to standing, and help them economically b 1945 get that data. and socially, we must base our discus- It really bothers me that as the sions on factual information and we That radar is really being used for chairman of the Committee on Na- trust be willing to share the bad sto- space-tracking purposes. It is not for tional Security, Subcommittee on Re- ries. missile defense, and it is not for a na- search and Development, that I have to When I was in St. Petersburg speak- tional missile defense system. I argued go out and establish an ad hoc advisory ing at the ACOPS conference, talking and many of our colleagues argued group made up of former intelligence about the Russian dumping of nuclear that, in fact, it was deliberate, and it officials, and Russian experts and So- waste, I started off by saying, you was being placed there so that Russia viet experts to advise me, because I know, we come from America and we could eventually have the option of questioned some of the data I am get- are quick to criticize you for problems breaking out of the ABM Treaty. ting and the lack of answers I am get- that we think only you have. Mr. Speaker, last year I read the ting from our own intelligence commu- I remember a hearing that I called Russian media every day as a student nity. Mr. Speaker, that is outrageous. for in the last session of Congress when of Russian relations. Last year I read Is it not outrageous that we have an I was the ranking member of the the Journal of Russian Military His- incident that we cannot even get de- Oceanography Subcommittee, and I tory, and an article in it written by tailed response from what the Rus- was listening to a Navy official testify General Voitinsev. General Voitinsev sians’ position is on transferring so- about the problems of the Komsvolez, a for 18 years was the leader of the Rus- phisticated technology and equipment Russian submarine that went down off sian Air and Space Command effort, to Iraq? Is it because we do not want to the coast of Norway, that is sitting on the top guy. General Voitinsev in his jeopardize their membership in the the bottom of the sea, that has nuclear article, his memoirs, on the record pub- MTCR? That is outrageous, Mr. Speak- missiles and also has a nuclear rector licly said he was ordered to leave er. on board. Krasnoyarsk radar where it was, know- I again invite every Member of this And I said to that Navy official when ing full well it was a deliberate viola- body to ask for the classified briefing he was done, I am concerned about the tion of the ABM Treaty, knowing full that is available today on what hap- Komsvolez, but let me ask you a ques- well its ultimate purpose was for a pened in December and what the re- tion. Can you tell me about the Thresh- tracking system to develop a capabil- sults of the evidence that we have are er and the Scorpion, the two American ity to break out of the ABM Treaty. in terms of this material being trans- submarines that are on the bottom of Now, this is not a Republican con- ferred to Iraq and the implications that the ocean, nuclear power with nuclear servative saying this, this is not some has for Iraq’s capabilities of developing weapons. think tank expert in America; this is one long-range missile. He said to me, Congressman, we can- the Russian general responsible at the Furthermore, I also, Mr. Speaker, not discuss that in an open session. time for overseeing the placement of had a chance to meet with a Russian I said, you expect us to be critical of the Krasnoyarsk radar system. company, Rosvoorouzhenie. We talk the Russians for accidents they have He went on to further state, and I about arms sales. This is the new com- had, but not to be critical of ourselves will provide this to any Member of this pany that has been formed in Russia; for accidents that perhaps we have had. body who wants the detailed wording this is their slick marketing brochure. Mr. Speaker, in this era of a new dia- from the article, he further said he was They gave me all of their copies of log with members of the Russian ordered to place the radar there by them, of anything I wanted. I met with Duma, above all, we have got to be can- General Ogarkov, General Ogarkov was the leadership of this company that did. When we have problems, we have being ordered by the Politburo, and has as its total purpose the marketing to acknowledge them, and when they told Voitinsev that if you do not place of arms all over the world, and where have problems, we have to confront it where we tell you, which is the basically we can buy anything and ev- them. To do anything less is a disserv- Krasnoyarsk, in direct violation of the erything that the Russians are making ice to our country and to the people of ABM Treaty, you will be removed from today. Russia. your post. What concerned me most is not their Mr. Speaker, Russia has changed a I confronted the Russians with that, ability to sell their helicopters and lot. The Duma is in place now; the Fed- and they did not deny it, because they their guns and these other armaments, erations Council largely appointed by know it is true. But the important because companies do that in this Yeltsin is in power. Yeltsin is having a point is, Mr. Speaker, that both sides country, even though we can limit terrible problem right now as he is ap- have to approach these issues in a that. It is the fact, where does it stop, pointing a lot of reactionary leaders, frank, open and candid manner. Nei- Mr. Speaker? Kremkov to replace the most recent ther side should bury their head in the One SS–25 with a range of 10,000 kilo- foreign minister. He is changing and sand and ignore reality. And I say that meters on a mobile launch system checking up his cabinet to try to get January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 835 back support from the nationalists who I would make the case, Mr. Speaker, that we will be trying to form these won the election in December. But, Mr. that Russia today militarily is more focus areas once we get the word from Speaker, in the end, for us to maintain destabilized than it ever was under the Russian Duma that they are ready solid relations, we have to be candid Communist leadership. Central com- to proceed with this exciting new op- with one another. mand is not what it was. During our portunity. The Russian military is still led by hearings in the first quarter, we are I thank my colleagues for bearing some of the same leaders who were in going to look at the central command, with me as I provide this report on the the leadership positions when it was we are going to look at the command trip and our relations with Russia. the Soviet military. I read a series of structure; we are going to look at the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, articles recently by one of the com- potential for a breakdown in the con- OFFICE OF THE SPEAKER, Washington, DC, January 17, 1996. manders of one of the major Russian trol of that nuclear arsenal, and we are Hon. GENNADY SELEZNYOV, fleets. I believe it was the North Fleet, going to confront it in an intelligent where he talked about Russia being in- Speaker, State Duma, Russian Federation. manner. DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I am writing to seek volved in world war III. This is just a It really galled me last night to see your assistance and support for a project recent article that appeared 3 weeks President Clinton stand up right be- that I feel will have long-term benefits for ago. I will be happy to provide it for hind us, right behind me in this po- both Russia and America and our respective any of our colleagues. dium, and tell the American people for legislatures. I propose that we establish a This Russian admiral, who is now in the second time that he can say no standing Duma-Congress Study Group com- a key position of the Russian Navy, posed of members of the Russian Duma and longer are Russian missiles pointed at U.S. Congress to develop an ongoing rela- talked about Russia already being in- American children. That is the most volved in world war III with the West, tionship between our legislatures. outrageous statement this President I have asked Congressman Curt Weldon, that it was not the traditional war, it has made, among many outrageous who first brought this proposal to my atten- was a velvet war where America was statements. tion, to personally deliver this letter to you attempting to undermine Russia, and Any expert who knows anything and brief you in greater detail on the Study that the only way Russia was going to about missiles, including the Russian Group. Congressman Weldon has focused eventually succeed was to eventually much of his work in the Congress on a range military expert who controls those of Russian-American issues, including en- have the use and capability of its nu- missiles, as he said on ‘‘60 Minutes’’ clear arsenal. As much as we want to ergy development, the environment, and when he was interviewed, those mis- arms control. brush away those kinds of statements siles can be retargeted in a matter of These are just a few of the many important and those kinds of positions, we have seconds and minutes, and that is ex- issues that confront our two nations, and I to confront them head on, Mr. Speaker. actly what can occur. And to the am convinced that an effective way to de- We have to confront the elected offi- velop greater understanding between our two American people some kind of false cials in Russia head on. nations and make real progress on these is- sense that all is well and there are no If they have problems with us and sues is to establish a mechanism for a long- what we have done, then they should be problems is the absolutely worst thing term dialogue between our two legislatures. able to confront us and we should open- that this administration could be Many formal linkages already exist between our two Presidents and executive branches, ly discuss it and debate it. But we doing. We in the Congress are not going to but no formal organization exists to facili- should never allow anyone in Russia to let that happen. We are going to be tate communication between our legislators. give us false information or, worse yet, vigilant, we are going to be aggressive; I believe such a legislature-to-legislature or- to give us no information about prob- we are going to pursue issues that we ganization would complement, rather than lems and concerns that we have with hamper, the bilateral activities of our execu- want answers to like the transfer of events that are unfolding in terms of tive branches. defense policy and foreign relations in this technology to Iraq and why it oc- The Study Group, as I envision it, would particular. curred and how it occurred. We are consist of eight to ten members from each of I think the Russians will ultimately going to pursue questions about the our legislatures who would meet for three to sale of sophisticated weaponry, the five days two times each year, once in Russia respect us for that position, and hope- and once in the United States, to discuss a fully, this process that we have estab- leakage of nuclear materials, the breakdown of command and control in range of key Russian-American issues that lished will allow us, through your good would be agreed upon in advance. The goal efforts, Mr. Speaker, to have an ongo- the Russian military, but we are going would be to make the sessions somewhat in- ing relationship, and open dialog will to do it openly and honestly; and we formal so as to develop the sort of personal occur in both countries. That is the are also going to work with the Rus- relationships that lead to frank and candid only way that, down the road, irregard- sians to stabilize their economy, to discussions. less of who the President of either help them environmentally with their In a related area, I am very enthusiastic about a larger project to link legislators country is, that we can build long-term energy issues and every other area where they have common concerns. In around the world via a computer network. trust and understanding. This effort, called the 21st Century Inter- We have key concerns. We have a that regard, Mr. Speaker, we can national Legislator’s Project, under the di- need to protect our people, and we achieve ultimate success. rectorship of General Charles Boyd (USAF ought to be able to address those issues I applaud you for the leadership role Ret.), will produce information transfer directly with the Russian leaders. The that you have taken in this new initia- among legislators around the globe at an un- Russians have concerns with perhaps tive with the speaker of the Russian precedented rate. Participation by Duma where we are going. They may think Duma. For those who would be critical members will be important to the success of that our purpose in trying to get rid of of you, I would say, here is another ex- this project, and I will provide for you by separate communication the details of this the ABM Treaty is just to gain an ad- ample where you have created a new ef- fort in the Congress and in Washington historic effort to share with your fellow vantage with them, when in fact our members as the initiation date nears. major purpose is to protect us from an- to achieve a new level of relationship I would appreciate your careful consider- other rogue launch; not necessarily an with Russia that we have never had be- ation of the proposal to establish a Congress- all-out attack from Russia, it is from fore. I am optimistic it will be success- Duma Study Group. If you agree that such the peril of an Iraq getting a long- ful, and I am optimistic that in the an organization should be established, I range missile, or from China, or North end, we can in fact peacefully coexist if would ask that you appoint a member of the Korea or from some other rogue na- we are both honest and candid, one Duma to serve as a point of contact for Con- gressman Weldon to work with in developing tion. The ABM Treaty does nothing to with the other. I would ask unanimous consent, Mr. the Study Group. protect us from those instances. Sincerely, With the Russians offering to sell the Speaker, to insert support documenta- NEWT GINGRICH, SS–25 as a space launch platform or tion of my trip in the RECORD, as well Speaker of the House. from a variation of that, with the Rus- as the letter itself from you to Speaker f sian marketing efforts underway to Seleznyov, and would invite my col- market their missile systems around leagues to follow up on this issue if LEAVE OF ABSENCE the world, we need to be more vigilant they have particular issue areas they By unanimous consent, leave of ab- than ever. want to focus on, to let them know sence was granted to: H 836 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE January 24, 1996

Ms. WATERS (at the request of Mr. Mr. PALLONE. 1965. A letter from the Director, Office of GEPHARDT), for today and the balance Mr. FAZIO. Management and Budget, transmitting a re- of the week. Mr. BILBRAY. port on the activities of Federal agencies in implementing the Computer Matching and f Mr. UNDERWOOD. Privacy Protection Act for calendar years Mrs. SMITH of Washington. SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED 1992 and 1993, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552a(r); to f the Committee on Government Reform and By unanimous consent, permission to Oversight. address the House, following the legis- BILLS PRESENTED TO THE 1966. A letter from the Chairman, U.S. Pa- lative program and any special orders PRESIDENT role Commission, transmitting a copy of the heretofore entered, was granted to: Mr. THOMAS, from the Committee annual report in compliance with the Gov- (The following Members (at the re- ernment in the Sunshine Act during the cal- on House Oversight, reported that that endar year 1995, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552b(j); quest of Mr. DOGGETT) to revise and ex- committee did on the following day tend their remarks and include extra- to the Committee on Government Reform present to the President, for his ap- and Oversight. neous material:) proval, bills of the House of the follow- 1967. A letter from the Deputy Assistant Mr. SKELTON, for 5 minutes, today. ing titles: Secretary for Water and Science, Depart- Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, for 5 minutes, On January 23: ment of the Interior, transmitting the High today. H.R. 1606. An act to designate the United Plains States Groundwater Demonstration Mr. UNDERWOOD, for 5 minutes, today. States Post Office building located at 24 Program 1995 interim report, pursuant to 43 Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes, today. Corliss Street, Providence, Rhode Island, as U.S.C. 390g-2(c)(2); to the Committee on Re- Mr. VOLKMER, for 5 minutes, today. the ‘‘Harry Kizirian Post Office Building.’’ sources. Mrs. SCHROEDER, for 5 minutes, H.R. 2061. An act to designate the Federal 1968. A letter from the Secretary of the In- today. building located at 1550 Dewey Avenue, terior, transmitting a copy of the annual re- port for fiscal year 1994 covering the Outer Mr. WISE, for 5 minutes, today. Baker City, Oregon, as the ‘‘David J. Wheel- er Federal Building.’’ Continental Shelf [OCS] Natural Gas and Oil Mr. PALLONE, for 5 minutes, today. Leasing and Production Program, pursuant Ms. DELAURO, for 5 minutes, today. f to 43 U.S.C. 1343; to the Committee on Re- Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas, for 5 min- sources. utes, today. ADJOURNMENT 1969. A letter from the Secretary of Health Mr. KILDEE, for 5 minutes, today. Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I move and Human Services, transmitting the De- Mr. VENTO, for 5 minutes, today. that the House do now adjourn. partment’s report entitled, ‘‘Medicare Alz- heimer’s Disease Demonstration Evalua- Ms. WOOLSEY, for 5 minutes, today. The motion was agreed to; accord- tion,’’ pursuant to section 9342 of the Omni- Mrs. THURMAN, for 5 minutes, today. ingly (at 8 o’clock p.m.), the House ad- bus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986, as (The following Members (at the re- journed until tomorrow, Thursday, amended: jointly, to the Committee on Com- quest of Mr. NETHERCUTT) to revise and January 25, 1996, at 10 a.m.). merce and Ways and Means. extend their remarks and include ex- f f traneous material:) Mr. GOSS, for 5 minutes, today and EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON January 25. ETC. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Mr. WOLF, for 5 minutes, today. Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu- Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of Mr. BROWNBACK, for 5 minutes, today. tive communications were taken from committees were delivered to the Clerk Mr. SHAYS, for 5 minutes, today. the Speaker’s table and referred as fol- for printing and reference to the proper f lows: calendar, as follows: EXTENSION OF REMARKS 1959. A letter from the Director, Office of Mr. YOUNG of Alaska: Committee on Re- Management and Budget, transmitting OMB sources. H.R. 2100. A bill to direct the Sec- By unanimous consent, permission to estimate of the amount of change in outlays retary of the Interior to make technical cor- revise and extend remarks was granted or receipts, as the case may be, in each fiscal rections to maps relating to the coastal bar- to: year through fiscal year 2000 resulting from rier resources system, with an amendment (The following Members (at the re- passage of H.R. 1655 and H.R. 2627, pursuant (Rept. 104–452). Referred to the Committee of quest of Mr. DOGGETT) and to include to Public Law 101–508, section 13101(a) (104 the Whole House on the State of the Union. extraneous matter:) Stat. 1388–582); to the Committee on the Mr. MCINNIS: Committee on Rules. House Budget. Resolution 342. Resolution waiving a require- Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. 1960. A letter from the Director, Office of ment of clause 4(b) of rule XI with respect to Mr. CLAY. Management and Budget, transmitting consideration of certain resolutions reported Mr. WARD. OMB’s estimate of the amount of discre- from the Committee on Rules (Rept. 104–453). Mrs. SCHROEDER. tionary new budget authority and outlays Referred to the House Calendar. Mr. TORRICELLI. for the current year—if any—and the budget f Mrs. MEEK of Florida in two in- year provided by H.R. 1643, H.R. 1358, and stances. House Joint Resolution 134, pursuant to Pub- PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Mrs. MALONEY. lic Law 101–508, section 13101(a) (104 Stat. Under clause 5 of rule X and clause 4 1388–578); to the Committee on the Budget. Mr. ENGEL. of rule XXII, public bills and resolu- 1961. A letter from the Secretary of En- Mr. VENTO in two instances. ergy, transmitting a copy of the annual re- tions were introduced and severally re- Ms. WOOLSEY. port on the Coke Oven Emission Control Pro- ferred as follows: Ms. LOFGREN in four instances. gram for fiscal year 1995, pursuant to Public By Mr. DEAL of Georgia: Mr. PAYNE of New Jersey. Law 101–549, section 301 (104 Stat. 2559); to H.R. 2872. A bill to authorize substitution (The following Members (at the re- the Committee on Commerce. for drawback purposes of certain types of fi- quest of Mr. NETHERCUTT) and to in- 1962. A letter from the Secretary of Com- bers and yarns for use in the manufacture of clude extraneous matter:) merce, transmitting the 1996 annual report carpets and rugs; to the Committee on Ways to the Congress on foreign policy export con- and Means. Mr. GEKAS in two instances. trols, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. app. 2413; to the By Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts: Mr. SHAW. Committee on International Relations. H.R. 2873. A bill to amend title 10, United Mr. TORKILDSEN. 1963. A letter from the Assistant Secretary States Code, to limit the collection and use Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut in two for Legislative Affairs, Department of State, by the Department of Defense of individual instances. transmitting a report concerning the unau- genetic identifying information to the pur- Mr. RADANOVICH. thorized transfer of U.S.-origin defense arti- pose of identification of remains, other than (The following Members (at the re- cles, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2753(e); to the when the consent of the individual concerned quest of Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania) Committee on International Relations. is obtained; to the Committee on National and to include extraneous matter:) 1964. A letter from the Comptroller Gen- Security. eral, General Accounting Office, transmit- H.R. 2874. A bill to require the Secretary of Mr. WILSON. ting the Comptroller General’s 1995 annual Defense to take the necessary steps to nego- Mr. REED. report, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 719(a); to the tiate with the members of NATO to ensure Mr. SOLOMON. Committee on Government Reform and that the European members of NATO assume Mr. HILLIARD. Oversight. the costs of supporting U.S. participation in January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H 837

the NATO Implementation Force [IFOR]; to Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin H.R. 2566: Mr. SANFORD. the Committee on International Relations, Delta Estuary; jointly, to the Committees on H.R. 2579: Mr. LATOURETTE, Mr. FILNER, and in addition to the Committee on Na- Transportation and Infrastructure and Re- Mr. LARGENT, Mr. DURBIN, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. tional Security, for a period to be subse- sources. PAYNE of Virginia, Mr. SPRATT, Mr. BORSKI, quently determined by the Speaker, in each f Mr. HAYES, Mr. FLANAGAN, Mr. MORAN, Mr. case for consideration of such provisions as WALSH, Mr. GILLMOR, Mr. LAHOOD, Mr. fall within the jurisdiction of the committee PRIVATE BILLS AND QUINN, Mr. POSHARD, Mr. EMERSON, Mr. SAN- concerned. RESOLUTIONS FORD, and Mr. LAFALCE. By Mr. KING: Under clause 1 of rule XXII: H.R. 2598: Mr. BALLENGER and Mrs. H.R. 2875. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- SEASTRAND. enue Code of 1986 to establish and provide a Mr. HOKE introduced a bill (H.R. 2878) to H.R. 2607: Mr. ENGEL. checkoff for a breast and prostate cancer re- authorize the Secretary of Transportation to H.R. 2608: Mrs. CLAYTON and Mr. JOHNSTON search fund, and for other purposes; to the issue a certificate of documentation with ap- of Florida. Committee on Ways and Means, and in addi- propriate endorsement for employment in H.R. 2610: Mr. MINGE. tion to the Committee on Commerce, for a the coastwise trade and on the Great Lakes H.R. 2625: Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota. period to be subsequently determined by the and their tributary and connecting waters in H.R. 2639: Mr. LUTHER. Speaker, in each case for consideration of trade with Canada for the vessel Morgan; H.R. 2646: Mr. EHLERS. such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- which was referred to the Committee on H.R. 2654: Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. GEJDENSON, tion of the committee concerned. Transportation and Infrastructure. Mr. MATSUI, Mr. FRAZER, Mr. MANTON, Mr. By Mr. UNDERWOOD (for himself, Mr. f FROST, Mr. FATTAH, and Ms. ESHOO. FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. FRAZER, Ms. H.R. 2674: Mr. GALLEGLY. NORTON, Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO, Mrs. ADDITIONAL SPONSORS H.R. 2682: Mr. WALSH, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors TOWNS, and Mr. FORBES. and Ms. PELOSI): were added to public bills and resolu- H.R. 2707: Mr. PARKER. H.R. 2876. A bill to provide for a nonvoting tions as follows: H.R. 2740: Mr. DELAY. delegate to the House of Representatives to H.R. 2748: Ms. ESHOO, Mr. SMITH of New represent the Commonwealth of the North- H.R. 38: Mr. LANTOS, Mr. BAKER of Louisi- Jersey, Mr. STARK, and Mr. HASTINGS of ern Mariana Islands; to the Committee on ana, Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Mr. STEN- Florida. Resources. HOLM, Mr. COOLEY, Mr. WELDON of Penn- H.R. 2779: Mr. LIPINSKI. By Mr. MCHALE: sylvania, and Mr. WELLER. H.R. 2785: Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas, Mr. H.R. 2877. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- H.R. 138: Mr. BARTON of Texas. MINGE, Mr. WILLIAMS, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. enue Code of 1986 to allow a deduction for the H.R. 143: Mr. BARTON of Texas. DEUTSCH, and Mr. GUNDERSON. payment of tuition for higher education and H.R. 218: Mr. BARCIA of Michigan. H.R. 2789: Mr. JACOBS. interest on student loans; to the Committee H.R. 359: Mrs. WALDHOLTZ. H.R. 2795: Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, Mr. GOSS, Mr. on Ways and Means. H.R. 761: Ms. JACKSON-LEE. FOLEY, and Mrs. MEEK of Florida. By Mr. HOKE: H.R. 957: Mr. MASCARA. H.R. 2823: Mr. FARR, Mr. WALSH, and Mr. H. Res. 341. Resolution amending the rules H.R. 1023: Mr. COX and Mr. PALLONE. KASICH. of the House of Representatives to require H.R. 1078: Mr. MORAN. H.R. 2867: Mr. DOOLITTLE, Mr. SOUDER, Mrs. that no object or activity for which Federal H.R. 1496: Mr. OBERSTAR. SEASTRAND, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Mr. SALMON, money is provided shall be named for a living H.R. 1619: Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. BAKER of California, Mr. STOCKMAN, and individual who is or, within the last five H.R. 1620: Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin and Mr. HASTERT. Congresses, has been a Member of Congress; Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. H.J. Res. 121: Mr. SMITH of Texas. to the Committee on Rules. H.R. 1706: Mr. BARTON of Texas. H. Con. Res. 51: Mr. CRANE. H.R. 1711: Mr. ARCHER, Mr. PAXON, and Mr. f H. Con. Res. 63: Mr. MARTINI. ALLARD. H. Res. 49: Mr. MFUME, Mr. PAYNE of New MEMORIALS H.R. 1776: Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois, Mr. BLI- Jersey, and Mr. ZIMMER. LEY, Mr. HORN, Mr. KINGSTON, Mr. NADLER, Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memori- H. Res. 285: Mr. WAXMAN, Mrs. LOWEY, Mr. Ms. FURSE, Mr. CHABOT, and Mr. SCOTT. JACOBS, and Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. als were presented and referred as fol- H.R. 1889: Mr. GUTIERREZ. lows: H.R. 1933: Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. SABO, Mr. f 195. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the BEILENSON, and Mr. CLYBURN. General Assembly of the State of California, H.R. 1948: Ms. JACKSON-LEE. DELETIONS OF SPONSORS FROM relative to Americans captured or missing H.R. 2044: Mrs. LOWEY. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS during the Korean War; to the Committee on H.R. 2065: Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin and International Relations. Ms. PELOSI. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors 196. Also, memorial of the Senate of the H.R. 2092: Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina, were deleted from public bills and reso- State of Louisiana, relative to memorializ- Mr. MCKEON, Mr. ZIMMER, Mr. BISHOP, Mr. lutions as follows: RAFICANT ILCHREST ing the Congress of the United States to pro- T , and Mr. G . H.R. 2072: Mr. HERGER. pose an amendment to the Constitution of H.R. 2184: Mr. EHLERS, Mr. LEWIS of Geor- the United States to prohibit the Federal gia, Mr. SISISKY, Mr. FRANK of Massachu- f courts from ordering any State or political setts, and Mr. OLVER. subdivision thereof to levy or increase taxes; H.R. 2202: Mr. COOLEY. PETITIONS, ETC. to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 2245: Mr. THOMPSON. 197. Also, memorial of the House of Rep- H.R. 2276: Mr. MCCOLLUM. Under clause 1 of rule XXII. resentatives of the State of Maine, relative H.R. 2281: Mr. DOOLEY, Mr. MCHALE, Mr. 52. The SPEAKER presented a petition of to memorializing the Congress of the United PAYNE of New Jersey, Mr. HEFNER, and Mr. the city of Inkster, MI, relative to request- States to repeal Federal laws and rules link- WYDEN. ing the Federal Government to provide the ing food stamp eligibility with heating as- H.R. 2374: Mr. BARCIA of Michigan. city of Inkster all of the necessary financial sistance; jointly, to the Committees on Agri- H.R. 2429: Mr. BOEHLERT. resources in order to meet its federally man- culture and Commerce. H.R. 2480: Mr. SOLOMON and Mr. BURR. dated obligations under the current NPDES 198. Also, memorial of the General Assem- H.R. 2508: Mr. FIELDS of Texas. permits; which was referred to the Commit- bly of the State of California, relative to San H.R. 2540: Mr. COX, Mr. NEY, and Mr. CAMP. tee on Transportation and Infrastructure. E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 104 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION

Vol. 142 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 24, 1996 No. 9 Senate The Senate met at 5 p.m., and was rollcall votes during today’s session. challenge was appropriate. Indeed, our called to order by the President pro The Senate may consider any legisla- country expects us to meet the chal- tempore [Mr. THURMOND]. tive items that can be cleared for ac- lenges of education, a stronger econ- tion by unanimous consent. All Sen- omy, the need for health care reform, PRAYER ators should be reminded the con- and a whole range of issues that the tinuing resolution expires Friday of The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John President addressed so ably and this week. It is therefore expected the Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: articulately last night. Give to the Lord the glory due His Senate will consider a new continuing name, bring an offering, and come before resolution when one becomes available Most importantly perhaps, he re- Him. Oh, worship the Lord in the beauty from the House. The Senate may also minded us that the effort over the last of holiness!—I Chronicles 16:29. consider the Department of Defense au- several weeks to achieve meaningful Sovereign God, gracious Father, thorization conference report as well as deficit reduction has indeed, to at least blessed Redeemer, inspiring Spirit, we the START II Treaty. a certain extent, succeeded. The fact is, I yield the floor, Mr. President. worship You for Your faithfulness, lov- as the President indicated last night, if ing kindness, justice, and mercy. The f you take the lesser of the amounts offering we bring to our worship of You RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY agreed to on either side in the most re- is ourselves. Nothing in our hands we LEADER cent offers by both the Republicans and bring; simply to Your grace we cling. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The the Democrats, we could achieve def- We worship You in awe and wonder, joy able minority leader is recognized. and gladness, delight and dependence. icit reduction totaling more than $700 Mr. DASCHLE. I thank the Presi- billion. The blessing of belonging to You is the dent. only beauty of holiness we have to f Mr. President, that is a very signifi- offer. All that we have and are belongs cant achievement. He challenged us to You. The Nation that You have THE PRESIDENT’S STATE OF THE last night, to continue the effort to UNION ADDRESS called us to lead is Your Nation. Our find common ground, to reach out greatness in the past is because of Your Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I want across the aisle to establish a meaning- goodness; our triumph in the future is to compliment the President of the ful dialog, to continue to build on what assured only as we trust in You. United States on his State of the Union we have already achieved, and to con- May all of life express our worship of Message last night. I think the reac- You. We seek to express our worship of tion today is certainly an indication of tinue to find ways in which to make You in our work, our relationships, our the degree to which the President suc- the common ground more meaningful. responsibilities. We commit ourselves ceeded in articulating his message last In so doing we can realize a balanced to practice Your presence in the sub- night. He discussed, as he can so ably, Federal budget in 7 years using the lime and in the simple, with people of his record for the last 3 years, remind- Congressional Budget Office figures. great and of no reputation, in duties ing us that the economy is much In that regard, Mr. President, I was that bring us recognition and those stronger than it was when he took of- extremely pleased with the announce- fice, reminding us that we have re- only You can see. To God be the glory. ment this morning by the Speaker that Amen. duced the Federal work force by 200,000 he, too, felt that common ground ef- f personnel, reminding us that the growth in the economy itself is as forts ought to be sought, and that we RECOGNITION OF THE ACTING strong as it has been in the past 30 ought to continue to find ways in MAJORITY LEADER years, and recognizing that we have which to build upon the common agree- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The made substantial progress in reducing ment that we have reached thus far in able acting majority leader, Senator the deficit. achieving a meaningful balanced budg- LOTT, is recognized. So, indeed, from the perspective of et. Mr. LOTT. Thank you, Mr. President. the Government, as well as from the In my view, that is a breakthrough. f point of view of the economy, America is strong and the State of the Union re- When you have the President of the SCHEDULE flects that strength, as he reminded us United States and the Speaker of the Mr. LOTT. This afternoon, the Sen- last night. House, the most prominent Democrat ate will be in session for a period of He also sought to challenge us in and one of the most prominent Repub- morning business. There will be no seven very specific ways. I think his licans, agreeing in public that indeed

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S331

.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S332 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 there is a real possibility of achieving CONSIDERING THE DEPARTMENT record in 1990 and 1989 and 1987, back to meaningful progress in this effort to OF DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION 1984, and found that in most years debt reach common agreement on a bal- CONFERENCE REPORT ceilings did, in fact, have riders on anced budget, that is a breakthrough. Mr. LOTT. First, Mr. President, if I them. Those were put on by a Demo- This is no time to abolish or to aban- might expand just a bit on the opening cratic-controlled Congress when we had don our goal of attempting to reach a announcement. I understand now that a Republican President, so it would not balanced budget. A piecemeal ap- we are in the process of receiving the be anything out of the ordinary if it proach, Mr. President, is unnecessary. House-passed Department of Defense worked the other way this time. We can do it now. We can take that authorization conference report that I must say, as a Senator who has $711 billion in mutually agreed to sav- passed overwhelmingly, I believe some- voted in the Senate and in the House ings and find the kind of long-term res- thing like 287 to 129, something of that both ways on debt ceiling—sometimes for them, sometimes against them, and olution to this balanced budget chal- magnitude. So we hope that we will be not just when there was a Republican lenge that we have now faced for many able to get an agreement to get the De- President, sometimes Democratic months. fense Department authorization con- Presidents—sometimes my vote has ference report up shortly, tomorrow or So it is our opportunity. Apparently been influenced by the riders. Quite the Speaker now agrees that achieving Friday. I know the chairman is very anxious often, they are agreed-to things, things that in a meaningful way is possible, that need to be done. I hope that we using the common ground approach. for us to get that done tomorrow if at all possible. We will be working to see will wait and see exactly what will be Let us not abandon that goal. Let us the best way to proceed on that, keep- if we can come to an agreement on not take anything less than a balanced ing in mind the House will act on it, that. We have worked across the aisle budget over that 7-year period. Let us and we will certainly be commu- with the distinguished chairman from do it now. nicating with them. I think it is very important that we South Carolina and the distinguished I have said publicly that I think we also recognize that to do it in the con- ranking member from Georgia, Senator should do that, and I fully expect that text of either a debt limit or a con- NUNN. I believe he would like to see us we will. The timing, of course, will be tinuing resolution is not practical. We get that done as soon as possible, and determined by a whole series of meet- recognize that by encumbering and per- we will continue to work in that effort. ings that will be underway. I assure the haps endangering either the continuing f Senator from South Dakota that we resolution or the debt limit resolution BALANCED BUDGET AND DEBT are going to be very busy during the we may again find ourselves in a com- CEILING LIMIT next few days and weeks, and we have plex series of difficulties and crises a lot of work to do. We have to begin Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, in response that neither side wants. on the next fiscal year. Hearings must to the comments from the distin- begin soon on budgets and appropria- We need a clean continuing resolu- guished Democratic leader, certainly tions bills and even authorizations. We tion. We need a clean resolution on the we should continue to find a way to debt limit. And we can work simulta- certainly intend to begin that process. move toward a balanced budget agree- With that, Mr. President, I yield the neously in continuing our negotiations ment. The President said last night he to find a clean budget agreement that floor for others who might have com- wanted to do that, and even though he ments. achieves the meaningful deficit reduc- vetoed the balanced budget when we tion that we want using the common Mr. HEFLIN addressed the Chair. sent it to him, that should not deter The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ground proposals that both the Speak- our efforts. ator from Alabama is recognized. er and the President have now accept- I believe from what I saw last night f ed. that the majority leader, Senator Mr. President, I think the last crit- DOLE, indicated we are, in fact, going BALANCED BUDGET AND THE ical issue to recognize is the impor- to continue to pursue this, and he in- STATE OF AGRICULTURE tance of the next several weeks. It is tends for us to send balanced budget Mr. HEFLIN. Mr. President, I feel very important that we not let this op- legislation to the President. like we ought to start negotiations portunity slip, that we not wait until So we need to think about how we do again in regard to the budget. I think the last moment to resolve these that. The Senator from South Dakota there is an opportunity to get a bal- issues. We cannot afford to wait until mentioned, even though we want to anced budget now and in the imme- the 27th or 28th or 29th of February. We avoid, if we can, a protracted, cum- diate future. I think if we have a long cannot wait until that very crisis mo- bersome process, perhaps we can have recess that we will stand a chance of ment to resolve all these issues relat- an agreement that would allow us to losing what momentum there is, and it ing to the debt limit. avoid that. But we will continue to may well be that in the near future, we Let us use the 28th and 29th and 30th have that as our goal. We are going to can narrow the issues by adopting of January. Let us use the first few work to give the President an oppor- some of the various issues that have weeks of February to resolve these tunity to, in fact, sign bills along the been agreed upon. issues. Let us, in other words, stay here lines of what he said he wanted to sign Mr. President, for the first time in and do our work. Let us not take the last night. over 40 years, farm programs have been chance that we will not be able to solve I know that the House, where con- allowed to expire. As of December 31, these problems at the end of February tinuing resolutions must begin, is in with a few exceptions, the authority when the crisis truly looms. the process of developing a continuing for farm programs has run out. It is the responsibility of this Con- So let us stay here, let us do what we resolution, or a balanced budget down- gress, to pass a farm bill every 5 years must, let us recognize the opportunity payment is the way I think it should be or so, and create stability and cer- that is before us, let us accept the chal- appropriately described. They will be tainty in rural America. Instead, with lenges the President has now laid out acting on that, I believe, on Thursday, the failure of passing a farm bill, there so articulately and so clearly last and then we will have that legislation is uncertainty, frustration and confu- night. Let us do that, recognizing that before us. I certainly hope and expect sion in the agriculture producing areas there are common goals and much it is going to be legislation that the of the country. Congress has failed in common ground upon which to base Senate will be able to pass and that its responsibility to rural America and our progress. With that, I yield the will go to the President. With regard to the debt ceiling exten- we must, therefore, act now to resolve floor. sion, there, again, I believe the history this situation. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who of that has been the House will act What can be done at this late date, seeks recognition? first. I know the House is thinking what are our options? As I see it, we Mr. LOTT addressed the Chair. about that and is working on it. have three options: First, we can do The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. With regard to it being a clean debt nothing and allow the Secretary of Ag- BROWN). The Senator from Mississippi. ceiling, I went back and checked the riculture to implement the Agriculture

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S333 Act of 1949, second, we can pass a mittee, and virtually none by the full tables than they do Congress’ con- stand-alone farm bill, as we should Senate. Therefore, I recommend that tinuing resolutions. However, despite have done in the first session, or third, we return to committee and discuss the the failure to pass a farm bill, farmers we can pass an extension of the 1990 farm bill as we always have in the past. must continue to prepare for the up- farm bill, thus providing rural America We would then be able to bring a bill to coming planting season. Farmers, with much needed certainty and allow the floor that addresses all of our needs bankers, and other support industry Congress more time to write a farm bill and concerns, and pass a bill that such as fertilizer and seed suppliers, this year. serves our agricultural producers, rural farm implement dealers, and proc- If Congress does not act, then the America, and consumers alike. essors must have some certainty as to Secretary of Agriculture will have to The budget reconciliation bill con- the laws that they will be farming exercise his responsibility to imple- tained agriculture provisions. However, under. ment the Agriculture Act of 1949. Cur- the provisions contained in the rec- In the event that we are not allowed rently, market prices for wheat, corn, onciliation bill were never debated in to consider and implement a farm bill feed grains, and cotton are at all-time committee, were not passed as part of this year, and time is quickly running highs. However, under the 1949 act, the the Senate reconciliation bill, but in- out, I then support the third course of Secretary will be forced to implement stead were approved in conference. action that Congress has before it: a 1- parity prices for wheat, corn, and feed Furthermore, the provisions known as year extension of current farm policy. grains. For instance, wheat prices freedom to farm, that ultimately ended Extending farm programs for a period which are currently trading at $4.92 per up in the reconciliation bill, were de- of 1 year will give rural America the bushel, the support price would jump feated in the House Agriculture Com- much needed certainty that it deserves to $7.82 a bushel. For corn, which is mittee. and allow time for Congress to act re- trading at $3.60 per bushel, the parity I believe that the provisions of the sponsibly and write a farm bill this price could go as high as $5.30 per bush- so-called freedom to farm bill are seri- year. It is the responsibility of this el. ously flawed. The freedom to farm bill Congress to let America’s agriculture Alabama’s primary crops do not in- makes guaranteed payments to farmers producers know what the program is clude wheat or corn. However, if parity whether they produce a crop or not. for 1996, and we must not delay action. prices are implemented, Alabama and The freedom to farm bill offers pro- Cotton and peanut producers in my the whole Nation will also be greatly ducers a bonus check in times of high State of Alabama can take comfort in effected. Alabama is one of the leading market prices, and then is not suffi- knowing that they will not be held hos- States in poultry and catfish produc- cient in times of low market prices. It tage to the ongoing budget negotia- tion. With corn and feed grain prices is unconscionable to make payments to tions and Government shutdowns. The potentially rising as high as they are producers in times of high market cotton and peanut programs were ex- projected, it will have the effect of prices, such as we are currently experi- tended for the 1996 and 1997 crops. sending livestock feed prices through encing, when at the same time, we are While I support some fine-tuning of the roof. Also at stake in Alabama are reducing school lunches and other es- these programs, these commodity pro- dairy, beef cattle, and hog producers sential nutrition programs. Essen- grams will work essentially the same who will be forced to pay higher prices tially, the freedom to farm bill as a as they have over the past 5 years. This for their feed. This increasing cost of phase-out of farm programs. By repeal- is certainty that producers can take to production does not stop with the pro- ing the permanent authority for farm the bank. Now, all producers should ducers. Consumers will shortly feel the programs, the freedom to farm bill quickly be given the same measure of effect of the failure to pass a farm bill ends all farm programs after 7 years. certainty. in the form of much higher beef, poul- I strongly believe that the core com- f try, pork, and fish prices at the super- ponent of sound farm policy should be market. These examples do not even an adequate and certain safety net, one THE FARM BILL address the effects that the 1949 act that provides support when market Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, I and parity prices will have on the Fed- prices are low, and one that does not want to visit about the agricultural eral Treasury. As a result, I do not sup- need to make payments when the mar- issue, but I have two friends from agri- port this course of action, despite its ket is up. This is how current farm pro- cultural States and members of the Ag- very real possibility given Secretary of grams are structured, and they work. riculture Committee on the other side Agriculture hands being tied. For evidence of this, we need look no of the aisle. I am not here to counter- The second option that we have be- further than the recent CBO adjust- act anything they have said. I want to fore us, is to pass a stand-alone farm ment of its agriculture baseline. The make that very clear. I want to make bill. I am still puzzled as to why we did CBO, after analyzing what they believe it clear, though, that while there is not pursue this course of action this to be the future trend in agriculture from the other side of the aisle admoni- time last year, rather than allowing prices, has determined that they expect tions of what we ought to do to solve farm policy to become embroiled in the commodity prices to remain high for at the agricultural bill problem that we budget reconciliation bill. I, along with the least the next few years. As a re- have before us, there are other ap- my Democratic colleagues have sent a sult, the CBO has adjusted its baseline proaches that ought to be used. letter to the majority leader, Senator downward by $8 billion. I believe that I am here to advocate a position that DOLE, requesting that farm policy this is evidence that farm programs is not favored on the other side of the come to the floor and be debated on its work as they are designed to: provide aisle. I will also bring to the attention own merits so that we can pass a farm support at times of need, and no sup- of the agricultural community, who is bill without getting caught in the web port when it is not warranted. concerned about this issue, that yester- of budget politics. I have long stated Therefore, while there may be an ef- day the majority party of the U.S. Sen- that I believe that the current struc- fort to resurrect the freedom to farm ate offered a unanimous-consent mo- ture of farm programs have served bill, I believe the policy contained tion to bring up the very provisions rural America, and consumers every- within is inherently flawed. However, a that were in the Balanced Budget Act where, extremely well. Therefore, it is full and open debate on farm policy of 1995, which the President vetoed, and my belief that farm programs should will allow us to debate, consider and if he had not vetoed that, we would not only be fined tuned. I do recognize that resolve these outstanding issues per- have any commodity policy problems some of my less fortunate regional col- taining to the farm bill. This is the for this Congress to settle for the next leagues feel that farm programs that course of action that I strongly sup- 7 years. We would not be here today effect their States need greater port. talking about what ought to be done changes than those that effect the To this point in time, however, we for the 1996 crop year as we get up to South. The ability to resolve these dif- have not been allowed to debate farm the very planting deadlines that are so ferences is the purpose of debate on policy. Yet, farmers do not stop when close and are probably already in place farm programs, which to this point the Government shuts down; they rely in the State of Alabama and other there has been very little in com- more heavily on Mother Nature’s time- areas of the South.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S334 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 Every farmer of the United States the United States supports what was in farm program and we do not have one. would know what the policy for the that bill. Yet there are some who Some might say, ‘‘Well, you do not next 7 years would be if the President would take the view that at this last have one because you would not swal- had not vetoed that bill. Every farmer minute that is not good enough for low what we tried to shove down some- would know the amount of money that them. Or in some cases, ironically, it body’s throat.’’ I heard from others would be spent on agriculture from the might be too much. But what is ironic yesterday, ‘‘Well, gee, nobody tried to U.S. Treasury over the next 7 years— about that, some of the very same peo- shove anything down anybody’s that would be $43.5 billion—with $6 bil- ple said in past years we were not throat.’’ lion being spent in 1996. Without this doing enough for agriculture. The Senator from Alabama is on the legislation this money will not be I will yield the floor, although I hope committee. There was not a markup in spent and if the proposals from the we can have some more discussion on which there was full discussion. We other side of the aisle were adopted, this if the people want to discuss it. I should have all reasoned together in a there would not be $6 million going think it is such an important issue bipartisan way the way we have always into agriculture in 1996. So the cer- that we have to proceed and we have to done it on a 5-year farm bill. There was tainty of the money going there, it reach an agreement on this. none of that. seems to me, ought to be pretty entic- f There was not a bipartisan approach ing to everybody on the other side of to a farm bill. It was, ‘‘Here it is, swal- the aisle to back our proposal, plus the SUMMARY OF EVENTS low it or leave it. And, by the way, we fact that there would be certainty in Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I lis- will put it into the budget reconcili- agriculture policy for the next 7 years. tened with interest to my colleague ation bill for the first time in history.’’ Somewhat unrelated to the imme- from Iowa and I want to make a couple We have never done that before. The diate problem we have before us but di- of rejoinders and a couple of other ad- strategy was, ‘‘That is where we will rectly related to the fact that the ditional comments. put it and we know the President will other side is, in a sense, rejecting $6 I was on the floor yesterday, as a veto the bill. Then after he vetoes it we billion going into agriculture in 1996 matter of fact. So, I well understand will feign surprise that we do not have and rejecting the proposal of this side what happened yesterday. The Senator a farm policy.’’ of the certainty of $43.5 billion going from Idaho brought a bill to the floor I am puzzled. We must on every day into agriculture over the next 7 years by unanimous consent to take the so- in every way decide to give farmers an is the fact that—this may not apply to called Freedom To Farm Act out of the answer. What will the policy be? We my three friends who are sitting over budget reconciliation bill and deem it must find a way to agree on common there from agriculture states, there are passed by itself on the floor. I objected elements. I think there are areas where some prominent people on the other to that. we have common agreement. We agree side of the aisle who have voted against I then offered a unanimous-consent with substantial flexibility. We agree past farm bills because they did not request on the floor to take the piece on that. There are a number of areas put enough money into agriculture. I of legislation I had introduced extend- we agree. Forgiveness on some of the am speaking specifically of the 1990 ing the current farm program for 1 advance deficiencies. farm bill and the 1985 farm bill. year. It would also provide enormous Farmers do not have the luxury of How ironic that those very same peo- planting flexibility so farmers can saying, ‘‘It is spring. The sun is shin- ple are going to oppose what we are plant any crop within their base acres, ing. We have just had some rain but I trying to do because somehow it puts and provide some forgiveness of the ad- decided to defer my planting until too much money into agriculture this vance deficiency agreement. And, the July.’’ crop year. Is that not ironic. People on majority party objected to that. Congress ought not have the luxury the other side of the aisle who voted Then the majority party, by the Sen- of deciding it can wait until Friday, against the 1990 farm bill, the 1985 farm ator from Idaho, offered a unanimous- the next Friday, or the next spring to bill because it did not put enough consent request to abolish the 1949 Per- decide what the farm policy ought to money into agriculture, are objecting manent Farm Act. I do not understand be. If farmers do not have the luxury to Republican efforts that has a farm why the majority party would put not to plant or harvest, we ought not bill that would put $6 billion into agri- itself in a position of coming to the have the luxury to decide not to give culture and a certainty of $43.5 billion floor of the Senate to say ‘‘We would farmers an answer of what the farm over the next 7 years. And $43.5 billion like to go on record saying we want no policy ought to be in this country. might sound like a lot of money. But it farm policy.’’ I puzzled over that last We have a responsibility to pass a 5- is less than half what has been spent on evening, wondering why would the ma- year farm plan. It has not been done. agriculture in recent years. The farm jority party be out here with that mes- Somebody said, ‘‘Well, but we did it.’’ bill is about the only program in the sage? Why would they say, ‘‘If we can- Yes, it was stuck into a reconciliation Balanced Budget Act of 1995 that actu- not get the Freedom To Farm Act, we bill. But, the fact is it did not get ally was cut. Most of the other pro- want nothing. We want to abolish the passed. Everybody knew it would not grams in that Balanced Budget Act 1949 act.’’ get signed by the President and so we were slowing the rate of growth. Then I offered a second unanimous- are left with nothing. I want to move on and say it would consent request in which I said, ‘‘Well, It seems to me we have a responsi- have also given—what we proposed to if you do not agree with extending the bility now to make something out of do yesterday, and the very same thing program for one year with the other this mess. All of us from farm country that the President vetoed in December provisions I included, then would you need to come together here. This is not would have set a policy that every at least agree with forgiving the ad- a joke or a laughing matter or amusing farmer in America would have the op- vance deficiency payments, because to any farmer in this country. They portunity to plant according to the you said you agreed with that. I will want to know under what conditions marketplace, not according to policy make a unanimous-consent request will they plant this spring. decisions made in Washington. Fur- that we bring that up and deem that to Farmers face twin risks of planting a thermore, every acre would be planted. have passed.’’ The majority party ob- seed, not knowing whether it will grow, I think that is a sound agricultural jected to that. So that is what hap- and then, if it grows, not knowing policy, and it was rejected by the other pened yesterday. whether there will be a price at the side yesterday. This is not just a chapter. This is a marketplace. Family size farms wash When we are up to these planting novel. One has to read all the chapters away when international prices go deadlines you may not get exactly to understand the story line of this down and stay down. That is why we what you want, I may not get exactly novel. This is not, however, entertain- have a safety net. That safety net is what I want, but let me say this: Every ment reading for farmers in our coun- what we should be debating here in this major farm organization in the United try. Congress. Farmers deserve an answer, States supports the Freedom To Farm We are at the end of January. Con- and we are going to keep pushing day Act. Every major commodity group in gress has a responsibility to have a after day to give them an answer.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S335 Let me comment on the $6 billion my The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who On top of that, under the Freedom To colleague mentioned. It is simply not seeks recognition? The distinguished Farm Act, there is a welfare payment the case that people over here say we Senator from Nebraska. that goes to corn farmers. I think, do not want to spend enough on agri- Mr. EXON. Mr. President, we are in when all the corn farmers found out culture. That is not the case. My col- morning business as I understand it? about this, and especially when the league knows that is not the case. The The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning public found out about it, there would fact is, we are not debating the base- business expired at 5:30, but the Sen- be a revolution, and the Freedom To line for the 7-year period on agri- ator may request to proceed under Farm Act would fall by the wayside, culture. If we were debating that, the morning business. because, in the example that I have debate on the baseline is that the ma- Mr. EXON. Has time been limited for just given, a farmer would receive a jority party’s budget cut far more than Senators in morning business when we check from the Federal Government twice as much from the baseline than were in morning business? for 1996 of $16,200 on top of the $186,000 the budget cuts that we had offered. If The PRESIDING OFFICER. We had gross that he got from his crop. we are going to debate baselines, that been under a 5-minute guideline. That might not be so bad. You might is what we ought to debate. And I Mr. EXON. Mr. President, I ask I may argue that is still a good thing, at $3.10 would be glad to do that, but I also be allowed to proceed under the same a bushel for corn. But most people in want to go on to another brief subject. rules for 5 minutes. and outside the business recognize that The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without $3.10 a bushel for corn is a pretty good f objection, it is so ordered. price and one we can be satisfied with. The point is, if it were $5 a bushel or $7 A WAY TO BALANCE THE BUDGET f a bushel, which I do not think it will Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I was THE FARM BILL ever go to, but whatever the price of very heartened a few minutes ago by Mr. EXON. Mr. President, there are corn would be under the Freedom To the discussion of the Senator from Mis- two things I want to talk about. First, Farm Act, this typical farmer, and sissippi, Senator LOTT, in which he I have heard some of the discussion every farmer who is in a similar situa- talked about something that a number with regard to farm policy by some of tion, which is typical, would receive a of us had advocated and the President my closest friends and colleagues on check from the Government regardless advocated last evening. both sides of the aisle today. It is a of the price of corn in the marketplace. In fact, Senator EXON and I were in a pretty sad situation when I see that That is welfare. That is an excessive press conference about a week or so the usual farm coalition between amount of money. ago. At that time we said one idea Democrats and Republicans is obvi- I am for freedom-to-farm principles, about resolving the budget issue is to ously breaking down. I think it is a giving them the decisions they can package up each side’s offer, take the tragedy of major proportions. make out there on the farm. I am for lower spending cut on each of the of- I would simply say, there are those of simplifying. But I simply say there is a fers. When you add all that up you us who feel we should stay in session fault here in the Freedom To Farm Act reach $711 billion in spending cuts and for lots of reasons, not the least of that is a giveaway. you reach savings sufficient so you can which is to pass a farm bill. If we can- f balance the budget. Why do we not do not come to some kind of an agree- DO NOT RECESS THE SENATE that? ment, I hope the majority leader will The President came to the floor of simply call up the farm bill for discus- Mr. EXON. Mr. President, I wanted to the Chamber of the House last evening sion, debate it on the floor of the U.S. make just a few comments, if I might, and said let us do that. Let us at least Senate, pass something, and send it to with regard to what I consider to be a do that. We can just take the lower of the President and see if he will sign it. very ill-advised move, and that is the the two offers from the Republicans The President, I might add, has been consideration that maybe, after Fri- and the Democrats. We can take the very supportive of the position for day, we are going to recess the U.S. lower in each spending category of the funding of agriculture that this Sen- Senate, right in the middle of very im- portant negotiations. I would simply two offers of saving money in every ator, as the lead Democrat on the say, Mr. President, we should stay category. Then you have $711 billion, Budget Committee, has been for a long, here, work on the farm bill, work on which is sufficient to balance the budg- long time. We have a profarm advocate the debt ceiling, work on the budget, et. sitting at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, and come up with a compromise. Cer- What I heard this morning is that the the President of the United States of tainly I, too, was pleased with the Speaker of the House suggested that America. We should continue to build President’s address last night and the might be a good thing. Senator LOTT and work with him. acceptance, generally, as I understand indicated that makes a lot of sense. If The various moves that have been it, of Speaker GINGRICH and leading Re- we are moving in that direction, I am made with regard to the Freedom To publicans in the U.S. Senate that says enormously heartened by that. It is a Farm Act that I do not agree with I to take this $711 billion and balance way to move towards a balanced budg- will not vote for. I will simply correct the budget in 7 years, with CBO scor- et, do it with the right priorities and something I thought I heard, that all ing, which we have all been for. do it in the right way. major farm organizations have sup- We cannot do those things, we cannot If we can do that, we can solve the ported the Freedom To Farm Act. The solve the crisis in the debt ceiling, by problems of the CR, the debt limit. We Farmers Union is a major farm organi- leaving here and not coming back until can have a clean appropriations exten- zation in the State of Nebraska. The 2 or 3 days before we would have de- sion, pass a clean debt limit and agree Farmers Union is not only against the fault. I hope, and I appeal, for both the on taking $711 billion of savings. As a Freedom To Farm Act, it thinks it is House and the Senate to remain in ses- result we can balance this Federal folly. sion and do our work, especially at this budget. Then we will have done some- I would say to all of my colleagues, critical time with regard to the farm thing, I think, of substantial good for this Senator yesterday had printed in bill and the other important matters this country. the RECORD some true facts with regard that we have on our plate. So I would just say that I feel heart- to how far down the welfare road we I thank the Chair and I yield the ened by at least the little snippets I are going under the Freedom To Farm floor. have heard today, first on television Act. In summarizing what I put in the f this morning by the Speaker, and next RECORD yesterday on page S 321 under in a discussion by Senator LOTT. Maybe Exhibit 1, for a 500-acre farm, 120 bush- REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL there is a formula here for breaking els to the acre in corn yield, the BODY ON NORTHERN IRELAND this gridlock and actually reaching re- present cash price is in the vicinity of Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, last sults with respect to a 7-year balanced $3.10. That would be $186,000 gross—not November, the British and Irish Gov- budget plan. net, gross—that the farmer would re- ernments acted jointly to create an in- I yield the floor. ceive. novative three-member committee,

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S336 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 called the International Body, to assess such arms to work constructively to achieve devalued. It is a significant factor which an extremely difficult issue that had that. must be given due weight in assessing the become a serious obstacle to the peace ‘‘8. It will be for the International Body to commitment of the paramilitaries to ‘‘work process in Northern Ireland—how to re- determine its own procedures. The two Gov- constructively to achieve’’ full and verifiable ernments expect it to consult widely, to in- decommissioning. move all arms from Irish politics. vite relevant parties to submit their analysis 12. Since the cease-fires, the political de- Our former colleague, Senator of matters relevant to the decommissioning bate has focused largely on the differences George Mitchell, agreed to serve as issue and, in reaching its conclusions within that have prevented the commencement of chairman of the International Body, its remit, to consider such evidence on its all-party negotiations intended to achieve an and he was joined by two other distin- merits.’’ agreed political settlement. This cir- guished international leaders, Gen. 4. We are that Body. This is our report. We cumstance has obscured the widespread John de Chastelain of Canada and have no stake in Northern Ireland other than agreement that exists—so widespread that it former Prime Minister Harri Holkeri of an interest in seeing an end of the conflict tends to be taken for granted. In fact, mem- and in the ability of its people to live in bers of both traditions may be less far apart Finland. peace. Our role is to bring an independent on the resolution of their differences than The International Body issued its re- perspective to the issue. We are motivated they believe. port earlier today, and I welcome it as solely by our wish to help. This assessment 13. No one should underestimate the value a reasonable way forward for all sides represents our best and our independent of the consensus for peace, and the fact that in Northern Ireland. I hope all sides judgement. We are unanimous in our views. no significant group is actively seeking to will make the fair and modest conces- There are no differences of opinion among end it. ´ sions needed to enable the peace proc- us. 14. In paragraph five of the Communique we were asked ‘‘to provide an independent ess to move ahead. 5. To provide us with sufficient informa- tion to meet our remit, we held two series of assessment of the decommissioning issue.’’ It I commend Senator Mitchell, General meetings in Belfast, Dublin and London: the is a serious issue. It is also a symptom of a de Chastelain, and Prime Minister first, 15 through 18 December 1995; the sec- larger problem; the absence of trust. Com- Holkeri for their sensible approach to ond, 11 through 22 January 1996. In addition, mon to many of our meetings were argu- the difficult problem of decommis- we held an organisational meeting in New ments, steeped in history, as to why the sioning weapons. The International York on 9 December 1995. other side cannot be trusted. As a con- Body did its work well. Reasonable 6. In the course of our meetings we heard sequence, even well-intentioned acts are orally and in writing from dozens of govern- often viewed with suspicion and hostility. people who genuinely want peace have 15. But a resolution of the decommis- a priceless opportunity now to make ment officials, political leaders, church offi- cials and representatives of other organiza- sioning issue—or any other issue—will not be the kind of progress needed to end the tions and institutions. We received hundreds found if the parties resort to their vast in- current impasse. It is time for all-party of letters and telephone calls from members ventories of historical recrimination. Or, as talks to begin. of the public and met with many others. We it was put to us several times, what is really I believe that all of us in Congress thank all for their submissions. Contribu- needed is the decommissioning of mind-sets concerned about Northern Ireland will tions from those who suffered losses during in Northern Ireland. find this report of great interest, and I the time of troubles but are strongly com- 16. We have asked ourselves how those who have suffered during the many years of inter- ask unanimous consent that it be mitted to the peace process were especially moving. All the submissions have been care- nal strife can accept the fact that the estab- printed in the RECORD. fully reviewed and considered. lishment of a lasting peace will call for rec- There being no objection, the report onciliation with those they hold responsible II. DISCUSSION was ordered to be printed in the for their loss and pain. Surely the continued RECORD, as follows: 7. Our examination of the issues and of the suffering and bereavement of individuals and facts, and the perspectives brought to us by REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL BODY, of families should never be forgotten. But if those who briefed us or who made written JANUARY 22, 1996 the focus remains on the past, the past will representations to us, convince us that while become the future, and that is something no (By George J. Mitchell, Chairman, John de there is no simple solution to the conflict in one can desire. Chastelain, and Harri Holkeri) Northern Ireland, the factors on which a 17. Everyone with whom we spoke agrees in I. INTRODUCTION process for peace must be based are already principle with the need to decommission. 1. On 28 November 1995, the British and known. We can indicate the way we believe There are differences on the timing and con- Irish Governments issued a Communique´ these factors should be addressed so that de- text—indeed, those differences led to the cre- which announced the launching in Northern commissioning of arms and all-party nego- ation of this Body—but they should not ob- Ireland of a ‘‘ ‘twin track’ process to make tiations can proceed, but only resolute ac- scure the nearly universal support which ex- progress in parallel on the decommissioning tion by the parties themselves will produce ists for the total and verifiable disarmament issue and on all-party negotiations.’’ progress. of all paramilitary organizations. That must 2. One track was ‘‘to invite the parties to 8. That noted, we are aware of the enor- continue to be a principal objective. intensive preparatory talks with a remit to mous contribution already made by individ- 18. However the issue of decommissioning reach widespread agreement on the basis, uals and groups in advancing the process of is resolved, that alone will not lead directly participation, structure, format and agenda peace in Northern Ireland to its current to all-party negotiations. Much work re- to bring all parties together for substantive stage. The tireless and courageous efforts of mains on the many issues involved in the po- negotiations aimed at a political settlement Prime Minister John Major and Taoiseach litical track. The parties should address based on consent.’’ This has become known John Bruton (and before him Albert Rey- those issues with urgency. as the political track. nolds) have been essential to the peace proc- III. RECOMMENDATIONS: PRINCIPLES OF 3. The other track concerned the decom- ess. They have been joined by other political DEMOCRACY AND NON-VIOLENCE missioning of arms and was set forth as fol- leaders, institutions, organisations and indi- 19. To reach an agreed political settlement lows in the Communique´: viduals in the promotion of peace. and to take the gun out of Irish politics, ‘‘5. In parallel, the two Governments have 9. We consider our task in the light of our there must be commitment and adherence to agreed to establish an International Body to responsibility to all of the people of North- fundamental principles of democracy and provide an independent assessment of the de- ern Ireland; the need for the people to be re- non-violence. Participants in all-party nego- commissioning issue. assured that their democratic and moral ex- tiations should affirm their commitment to ‘‘6. Recognising the widely expressed desire pectations can be realised; and in the spirit such principles. to see all arms removed from Irish politics, of serious efforts made by the British and 20. Accordingly, we recommend that the the two Governments will ask the Inter- Irish Governments to advance the peace parties to such negotiations affirm their national Body to report on the arrangements process. total and absolute commitment: necessary for the removal from the political 10. For nearly a year and a half, the guns a. To democratic and exclusively peaceful equation of arms silenced by virtue of the have been silent in Northern Ireland. The means of resolving political issues; welcome decisions taken last Summer and people want that silence to continue. They b. To the total disarmament of all para- Autumn by those organisations that pre- want lasting peace in a just society in which military organizations; viously supported the use of arms for polit- paramilitary violence plays no part. That c. To agree that such disarmament must be ical purposes. was the dominant theme expressed in the verifiable to the satisfaction of an inde- ‘‘7. In particular, the two Governments many letters and calls we received from pendent commission; will ask the Body to: those in the North and South, Unionist and d. To renounce for themselves, and to op- —identify and advise on a suitable and ac- Nationalist, Catholic and Protestant, Loy- pose any effort by others, to use force, or ceptable method for full and verifiable de- alist and Republican. threaten to use force, to influence the course commissioning; and 11. Notwithstanding reprehensible ‘‘punish- or the outcome of all-party negotiations; —report whether there is a clear commit- ment’’ killings and beatings, the sustained e. To agree to abide by the terms of any ment on the part of those in possession of observance of the cease-fires should not be agreement reached in all-party negotiations

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S337 and to resort to democratic and exclusively party negotiations was not requested before tails of decommissioning, including sup- peaceful methods in trying to alter any as- the announcement of the cease-fires, and porting confidence-building measures, tim- pect of that outcome with which they may that had it been, there would have been no ing and sequencing, have to be determined disagree; and cease-fires; that those who entered into by the parties themselves. f. To urge that ‘‘punishment’’ killings and cease-fires did so in the belief they would The decommissioning process should sug- beatings stop and to take effective steps to lead immediately to all-party negotiations; gest neither victory nor defeat. prevent such actions. and that the request for prior decommis- 39. The cease-fires and the peace process 21. We join the Governments, religious sioning, seriously pursued for the first time are products not of surrender but rather of a leaders and many others in condemning months after the cease-fires were declared, is willingness to address differences through ‘‘punishment’’ killings and beatings. They merely a tactic to delay or deny such nego- political means. This essential fact should be contribute to the fear that those who have tiations. In this view, the cease-fires having reflected clearly in the modalities of the de- used violence to pursue political objectives been maintained for nearly a year and a half, commissioning process, which should not re- in the past will do so again in the future. all-party negotiations should begin imme- quire that any party be seen to surrender. Such actions have no place in a lawful soci- diately with no further requirements. The decommissioning process should take ety. 29. We believe that each side of this argu- place to the satisfaction of an independent 22. Those who demand decommissioning ment reflects a core of reasonable concern commission. prior to all-party negotiations do so out of which deserves to be understood and ad- 40. The decommissioning process should concern that the paramilitaries will use dressed by the other side. take place to the satisfaction of an inde- force, or threaten to use force, to influence 30. Those who insist on prior decommis- pendent commission acceptable to all par- the negotiations, or to change any aspect of sioning need to be reassured that the com- ties. The commission would be appointed by the outcome of negotiations with which they mitment to peaceful and democratic means the British and Irish Governments on the disagree. Given the history of Northern Ire- by those formerly supportive of politically basis of consultations with the other parties land, this is not an unreasonable concern. motivated violence is genuine and irrevers- to the negotiating process. The principles we recommend address those ible, and that the threat or use of such vio- 41. The commission should be able to oper- concerns directly. lence will not be invoked to influence the ate independently in both jurisdictions, and 23. These commitments, when made and process of negotiations or to change any should enjoy appropriate legal status and honoured, would remove the threat of force agreed settlement. immunity. before, during and after all-party negotia- 31. Those who have been persuaded to 42. In addition to having available to it tions. They would focus all concerned on abandon violence for the peaceful political independent sources of legal and technical what is ultimately essential if the gun is to path need to be reassured that a meaningful advice and adequate field resources to re- be taken out of Irish politics: an agreed po- and inclusive process of negotiation is genu- ceive and audit armaments and to observe litical settlement and the total and inely being offered to address the legitimate and verify the decommissioning process, the verifiable disarmament of all paramilitary concerns of their traditions and the need for commission should be able to call upon the organisations. That should encourage the be- new political arrangements with which all resources and the relevant technical exper- lief that the peace process will truly be an can identify. tise of the British and Irish Armies, when it 32. Clearly, new approaches must be ex- exercise in democracy, not one influenced by is appropriate. plored to overcome this impasse. That is the the threat of violence. The decommissioning process should result purpose of the six principles we recommend. IV. COMMITMENT TO DECOMMISSIONING in the complete destruction of armaments in They invoke a comprehensive commitment 24. The second of the specific questions in a manner that contributes to public safety. to democracy and non-violence that is in- paragraph seven of the Communique´ asks us 43. The decommissioning process should re- tended to reassure all parties to the negotia- ‘‘to report whether there is a clear commit- sult in the complete destruction of the arma- tions. ment on the part of those in possession of ments. Procedures for destruction would in- such arms to work constructively to V. DECOMMISSIONING DURING ALL-PARTY clude the cutting up or chipping of small achieve’’ full and verifiable decommis- NEGOTIATIONS arms and other weapons, the controlled ex- sioning. 33. One side has insisted that some decom- plosion of ammunition and explosives, and 25. We have concluded that there is a clear missioning of arms must take place before other forms of conventional munitions dis- commitment on the part of those in posses- all-party negotiations can begin. The other posal. sion of such arms to work constructively to side has insisted that no decommissioning 44. The decommissioning process could en- achieve full and verifiable decommissioning can take place until the end of the process, compass a variety of methods, subject to ne- as part of the process of all-party negotia- after an agreed settlement has been reached. gotiation, including: tions; but that commitment does not include This has resulted in the current impasse. The transfer of armaments to the commis- decommissioning prior to such negotiations. 34. The parties should consider an approach sion or to the designated representatives of 26. After careful consideration, on the basis under which some decommissioning would either Government, for subsequent destruc- of intensive discussions with the Govern- take place during the process of all-party ne- tion; ments, the political parties, religious lead- gotiations, rather than before or after as the The provision of information to the com- ers, the security forces, and many others, we parties now urge. Such an approach rep- mission or to designated representatives of have concluded that the paramilitary resents a compromise. If the peace process is either Government, leading to the discovery organisations will not decommission any to move forward, the current impasse must of armaments for subsequent destruction; arms prior to all-party negotiations. That be overcome. While both sides have been ada- and, was the unanimous and emphatically ex- mant in their positions, both have repeat- The depositing of armaments for collection pressed view of the representatives of the po- edly expressed the desire to move forward. and subsequent destruction, by the commis- litical parties close to paramilitary This approach provides them that oppor- sion or by representatives of either Govern- organisations on both sides. It was also the tunity. ment. view of the vast majority of the 35. In addition, it offers the parties an op- Parties should also have the option of de- organisations and individuals who made oral portunity to use the process of decommis- stroying their weapons themselves. and written submissions. It is not that they sioning to build confidence one step at a 45. Priority should be accorded throughout are all opposed to prior decommissioning. To time during negotiations. As progress is to ensuring that armaments are safely han- the contrary, many favour it. But they are made on political issues, even modest mu- dled and stored, and are not misappro- convinced that it will not happen. That is tual steps on decommissioning could help priated. the reality with which all concerned must create the atmosphere needed for further The decommissioning process should be fully deal. steps in a progressive pattern of mounting verifiable. 27. Competing views were advanced on trust and confidence. 46. Whatever the options chosen for the de- prior decommissioning. One was that decom- VI. RECOMMENDATIONS: GUIDELINES ON THE struction of armaments, including the de- missioning of arms must occur prior to all- MODALITIES OF DECOMMISSIONING struction of weapons by the parties them- party negotiations. We were told that the 36. The first of the specific questions in selves, verification must occur to the satis- clearest demonstration of adherence to paragraph seven of the Communique asks us faction of the commission. democratic principles, and of a permanent ‘‘to identify and advise on a suitable and ac- 47. The commission would record informa- end to the use of violence, is the safe re- ceptable method for full and verifiable de- tion required to monitor the process effec- moval and disposal of paramilitary arms, commissioning.’’ tively. The commission should have avail- and that at this time only a start to decom- 37. We recommend the following guidelines able to it the relevant data of the Garda missioning will provide the confidence nec- on the modalities of decommissioning. These Siochana and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. essary for all-party negotiations to com- recommendations are realistic in light of the It would report periodically to relevant par- mence. In this view, all parties were aware of nature and scale of the arsenals in question, ties on progress achieved in the decommis- the need for prior decommissioning before estimates of which were provided to us by sioning process. the cease-fires were announced and should the Governments and their security forces. The decommissioning process should not ex- not now be able to avoid that requirement. We believe these estimates to be accurate. pose individuals to prosecution. 28. In the competing view we were told 38. Decommissioning should receive a high 48. Individuals involved in the decommis- that decommissioning of arms prior to all- priority in all-party negotiations. The de- sioning process should not be prosecuted for

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S338 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 the possession of those armaments; amnes- 57. Finally, the importance of further As was the case with the missile ties should be established in law in both ju- progress in the social and economic develop- tests, this recent report can be seen as risdictions. Armaments made available for ment of Northern Ireland and its commu- a blatant attempt to influence the out- decommissioning, whether directly or indi- nities was emphasised time and again in our come of the upcoming Presidential rectly, should be exempt under law from fo- meetings, in the context of building con- elections in Taiwan. There could be rensic examination, and information ob- fidence and establishing a lasting peace. more to this story. I believe this is an tained as a result of the decommissioning VIII. CONCLUDING REMARKS process should be inadmissible as evidence in attempt to intimidate the Clinton ad- 58. Last week we stood in Belfast and ministration and test our Nation’s re- courts of law in either jurisdiction. looked at a thirty foot high wall and at bar- 49. Groups in possession of illegal arma- riers topped with iron and barbed wire. The solve in the Taiwan Straits. The fact ments should be free to organise their par- wall, which has ironically come to be known that the PRC has advanced a limited ticipation in the decommissioning process as as the ‘‘peace line,’’ is a tangible symbol of but sustained missile attack plan indi- they judge appropriate, e.g. groups may des- the division of the people of Northern Ireland cates that it believes the Clinton ad- ignate particular individuals to deposit ar- into two hostile communities. To the out- ministration may do nothing to maments on their behalf. sider both are warm and generous. Between strengthen Taiwan’s defenses or come The decommissioning process should be mu- themselves they are fearful and antagonistic. tual. to its aid in the event of an attack. 59. Yet, it is now clear beyond doubt that It is not hard to understand why the 50. Decommissioning would take place on the vast majority of the people of both tradi- the basis of the mutual commitment and PRC has come to this conclusion. The tions want to turn away from the bitter past. Clinton administration’s policy with participation of the paramilitary There is a powerful desire for peace in North- organisations. This offers the parties an- ern Ireland. It is that desire which creates respect to the Taiwan-Mainland China other opportunity to use the process of de- the present opportunity. issue is nothing short of confusing. The commissioning to build confidence one step 60. This is critical time in the history of administration claims to be advancing at a time during negotiations. Northern Ireland. The peace process will a policy of deliberate ambiguity. For VII. FURTHER CONFIDENCE-BUILDING move forward or this society could slip back example, high level administration of- 51. It is important for all participants to to the horror of the past quarter century. ficials recently have been asked if the take steps to build confidence throughout 61. Rigid adherence by the parties to their United States would come to Taiwan’s the peace process. In the course of our dis- past positions will simply continue the stale- defense in the event of an attack from cussions, many urged that certain actions mate which has already lasted too long. In a the PRC. Their responses were consist- society as deeply divided as Northern Ire- other than decommissioning be taken to ently and ominously vague. build confidence. We make no recommenda- land, reaching across the ‘‘peace line’’ re- quires a willingness to take risks for peace. The administration seems to believe tions on them since they are outside our that this ambiguity will be enough to remit, but we believe it appropriate to com- 62. The risk may seem high but the reward ment on some since success in the peace is great: a future of peace, equality and pros- deter Beijing. Today’s report indicates process cannot be achieved solely by ref- perity for all the people of Northern Ireland. that the exact opposite has occurred. I erence to the decommissioning of arms. f believe this policy of strategic ambi- 52. Support for the use of violence is in- guity is wrong and has failed. It is not CHINA—TAIWAN DEVELOPMENTS compatible with participation in the demo- just dangerous for the people of Tai- cratic process. The early termination of Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. President, I wan, it is potentially destabilizing for paramilitary activities, including surveil- urge my colleagues to take a moment the entire East Asia region. It is an ap- lance and targeting, would demonstrate a to read a story in today’s New York proach that clearly advances the PRC’s commitment to peaceful methods and so Times on proposed military actions by interests and not our own. The admin- build trust among other parties and alleviate the People’s Republic of China [PRC] the fears and anxieties of the general popu- istration’s ambiguity policy has fueled lation. So, too, would the provision of infor- against the Republic of China on Tai- the belief within the PRC that the mation on the status of missing persons, and wan. I ask unanimous consent that this United States will look the other way the return of those who have been forced to article appear in the RECORD at the if PRC missiles are launched. Because leave their communities under threat. conclusion of my remarks. of our ambiguity, the PRC believes 53. Continued action by the Governments The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without that it can achieve its policy goals at on prisoners would bolster trust. So would objection, it is so ordered. the very least through intimidation early implementation of the proposed review (See exhibit 1.) and military posturing. Even if the of emergency legislation, consistent with the Mr. PRESSLER. According to the PRC privately has no intention for a evolving security situation. story, the People’s Republic of China 54. Different views were expressed as to the direct military confrontation against weapons to be decommissioned. In the has finished plans for a limited missile Taiwan, our ambiguity gives the PRC’s Communique´, the Governments made clear attack on Taiwan—an attack that military maneuvers greater credibility. their view that our remit is limited to those could come following Taiwan’s first It sends a signal of weakness. It fosters weapons held by paramilitary organisations. Presidential election, which is sched- a belief that we can be pushed around We accept and share that view. There is no uled for March 23. by the PRC. It is a belief shared by equivalence between such weapons and those This revelation is the latest in a se- many in Taiwan as well. Indeed, this held by security forces. However, in the con- ries of intimidating tactics that work ambiguity has troubled other Asian de- text of building mutual confidence, we wel- to threaten Taiwan and destabilize mocracies in the region, compelling come the commitment of the Governments, East Asia. Between July 21 and July 26, as stated in paragraph nine of the many—from Japan to the Philippines— Communique´, ‘‘to continue to take respon- the PRC conducted a series of ballistic to increase their defense budgets. sive measures, advised by their respective se- missile test firings 85 miles off the Mr. President, as I said last August, curity authorities, as the threat reduces.’’ coast of Taiwan. All the missiles were in response to the PRC’s first ballistic 55. We share the hope, expressed by many modern, mobile and nuclear capable. missile exercise, the United States is on all sides, that policing in Northern Ire- No country ever has held this level of faced with three choices: First, we can land can be normalised as soon as the secu- field tests for nuclear capable missiles do nothing, which appears to be the rity situation permits. A review of the situa- before. present course. I believe that is not in tion with respect to legally registered weap- The results of that action were pre- the national security interest of the ons and the use of plastic bullets, and con- tinued progress toward more balanced rep- dictable—the stock market and the United States. We must not allow resentation in the police force would con- local currency in Taiwan plunged. Asia—a region of many thriving free tribute to the building of trust. These ballistic missile exercises re- market, democratic societies—to be 56. Several oral and written submissions sumed on August 15, and continued dominated by an aggressive, nondemo- raised the idea of an elected body. We note through the fall leading up to last De- cratic power. the reference in paragraph three of the cember’s elections in Taiwan for the Second, at the other extreme, we Communique´ to ‘‘whether and how an elect- 164-seat Legislature. could intervene should the moment of ed body could play a part.’’ Elections held in Now comes word that the PRC has conflict become imminent by inter- accordance with democratic principles ex- done more than just test its military press and reflect the popular will. If it were posing the United States Pacific fleet broadly acceptable, with an appropriate capability. It has matched its hardware in the Taiwan straits. President Tru- mandate, and within the three-strand struc- testing with military planning—a plan man did so in 1950. This, again, is an ture, an elective process could contribute to that calls for one ballistic missile to be extreme course and thus, should only the building of confidence. launched each day for 30 days. be

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S339 considered as a last resort. It is a goals, the Clinton Administration has ‘‘They can fire missiles, but Taiwan has course that could result in a direct to recognize that its current policy of some teeth of its own,’’ the official said. military confrontation with the Peo- strategic ambiguity has failed. The ‘‘And does China want to risk that and the international effects?’’ ple’s Republic of China. United States needs to maintain a posi- The most pointed of the Chinese warnings Finally, we can take what I believe is tive, constructive relationship with was conveyed recently through a former As- the wisest course, which is a clear and both the People’s Republic of China sistant Secretary of Defense, Chas. W. Free- unambiguous demonstration of polit- and Taiwan. It is time we recognize man Jr., who traveled to China this winter ical and military support so that Asian that this triangular relationship can for discussions with senior Chinese officials. democracies, including Taiwan can re- only be furthered if all sides of this tri- On Jan. 4, after returning to Washington, sist aggression. In short, a clear state- angle understood United States policy Mr. Freeman informed President Clinton’s ment of U.S. policy goals and condi- goals in the region. national security adviser, Anthony Lake, It is time this Nation make very that the People’s Liberation Army had pre- tions in the region will promote peace pared plans for a missile attack against Tai- and stability far better than the ad- clear that we will not ignore direct or wan consisting of one conventional missile ministration’s deliberate vagueness. indirect intimidation against an Asian strike a day for 30 days. Both houses of Congress have come to democracy. It is time that the adminis- This warning followed similar statements this conclusion as well. Both the House tration not engage in any sales of ad- relayed to Administration officials by John and Senate versions of the State De- vanced telecommunications technology W. Lewis, a Stanford University political sci- that could be used to further the Peo- entist who meets frequently with senior Chi- partment authorization bill contain nese military figures here. identical language that would amend ple’s Republic of China’s military capa- These warnings do not mean that an at- the Taiwan Relations Act [TRA] to su- bility. It is time that the administra- tack on Taiwan is certain or imminent. In- persede restrictions on United States tion came to the conclusion that any stead, a number of China specialists say that arm sales to Taiwan. These restrictions military attack by the People’s Repub- China, through ‘‘credible preparations’’ for were imposed in a August 1982 lic of China against any Asian democ- an attack, hopes to intimidate the Tai- communique´ between the People’s Re- racy directly threatens the crucial re- wanese and to influence American policy to- ward Taiwan. The goal, these experts say, is public of China and the United States. gional and national security interests of the United States. It is time that we to force Taiwan to abandon the campaign The amendments to the TRA represent initiated by President Lee, including his ef- a clear statement by Congress that the reassert that any reunification of Tai- fort to have Taiwan seated at the United Na- TRA requires the United States to pro- wan with the mainland must not be tions, and to end high-profile visits by Presi- vide Taiwan with the appropriate done through military aggression. dent Lee to the United States and to other means to defend itself. Mr. President, when Congress returns countries. This latter course achieves a number next month, it is my hope that Con- If the threats fail to rein in Mr. Lee, how- ever, a number of experts now express the of important policy goals. First, it gress will take the opportunity to take a step toward a clear definition of view that China could resort to force, despite demonstrates to all democracies in the enormous consequences for its economy Asia that the United States intends to United States policy in the region, and and for political stability in Asia. work with them to ensure peace and demonstrate its clear support for the Since last summer, when the White House stability in the region. Second, it dem- democratic process underway in Tai- allowed Mr. Lee to visit the United States, onstrates support for the continued po- wan. Given the strong support for the Chinese leadership has escalated its at- litical liberalization in Taiwan. Third, amending the Taiwan Relations Act, tacks on the Taiwan leader, accusing him of we may want to consider making these seeking to ‘‘split the motherland’’ and un- it sends a clear signal to the People’s dermine the ‘‘one China’’ policy that had Republic of China that the United changes through legislation inde- been the bedrock of relations between Bei- States will not accept the reunification pendent of the State Department au- jing and its estranged province since 1949. of Taiwan with the mainland by force. thorization bill, and to pass this legis- A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeman, This latter point is important. Since lation before the upcoming March 23 asked to comment on reports that the Chi- President Nixon’s overtures to Com- elections. That’s one possible option. nese military has prepared plans for military munist China, this Nation has taken a Wherever democracy may emerge, the action against Taiwan, said he was awaiting United States should demonstrate its a response from his superiors. Last month, a one China policy. The advent of that senior ministry official said privately that policy, coupled with the passage of the support for such efforts. I believe we China’s obvious preparations for military ac- TRA, was designed to foster a strong should do so, hopefully with the admin- tion have been intended to head off an un- diplomatic and economic relationship istration’s cooperation, but if nec- wanted conflict. with the People’s Republic of China, essary, without it. ‘‘We have been trying to do all we can to while sending a clear signal that our EXHIBIT 1 avoid a scenario in which we are confronted [From the New York Times, Jan. 24, 1996] in the end with no other option but a mili- Nation would defend against any forced tary one,’’ the official said. He said that if reunification of Taiwan by the People’s AS CHINA THREATENS TAIWAN, IT MAKES SURE China does not succeed in changing Taiwan’s Republic of China. Reunification, if it U.S. LISTENS course, ‘‘then I am afraid there is going to be is to occur, must be done through dip- (By Patrick E. Tyler) a war.’’ lomatic means. BEIJING, January 23.—The Chinese leader- Mr. Freeman described the most recent I have said before on the Senate floor ship has sent unusually explicit warnings to warning during a meeting Mr. Lake had that our relationship with Taiwan is the Clinton Administration that China has called with nongovernmental China special- one of the ironies of history. Taiwan is completed plans for a limited attack on Tai- ists. wan that could be mounted in the weeks Participants said that Mr. Freeman’s pres- a democracy and a growing economic after Taiwan’s President, Lee Tenghui, wins entation was arresting as he described being power. The United States is Taiwan’s the first democratic balloting for the presi- told by a Chinese official of the advanced primary foreign investor and trader. dency in March. state of military planning. Preparations for About 25 percent of Taiwan’s exports The purpose of this saber-rattling is appar- a missile attack on Taiwan, he said, and the go to United States markets. Many of ently to prod the United States to rein in target selection to carry it out, have been Taiwan’s business, academic and cul- Taiwan and President Lee, whose push for completed and await a final decision by the tural leaders have studied in the greater international recognition for the is- Politburo in Beijing. One of the most dramatic moments came United States. Yet, we do not have dip- land of 21 million people, has been con- demned here as a drive for independence. when Mr. Freeman quoted a Chinese official lomatic ties with Taipei. While no one familiar with the threats as asserting that China could act militarily We must not add tragedy to this thinks China is on the verge of risking a cat- against Taiwan without fear of intervention irony. In the midst of all its posturing, astrophic war against Taiwan, some China by the United States because American lead- the People’s Republic of China’s real experts fear that the Taiwan issue has be- ers ‘‘care more about Los Angeles than they intentions are not clear. Most experts come such a test of national pride for Chi- do about Taiwan,’’ a statement that Mr. are divided on the question of whether nese leaders that the danger of war should be Freeman characterized as an indirect threat or not the People’s Republic of China taken seriously. by China to use nuclear weapons against the A senior American official said the Admin- United States. actually will put its military plans istration has ‘‘no independent confirmation An account of the White House meeting into action. We must leave nothing to or even credible evidence’’ that the Chinese was provided by some of the participants. chance. Regardless of the People’s Re- are contemplating an attack, and spoke al- Mr. Freeman, reached by telephone, con- public of China’s intentions or its most dismissively of the prospect. firmed the gist of his remarks, reiterating

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S340 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 that he believes that while ‘‘Beijing clearly deter Beijing through a posture of what the Governor Garrahy delivered a heart- prefers negotiation to combat,’’ there is a Pentagon calls ‘‘strategic ambiguity.’’ felt eulogy that I would like to share new sense of urgency in Beijing to end Tai- Some members of Congress assert that the with my colleagues. I ask unanimous wan’s quest for ‘‘independent international Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 includes an im- consent that his remarks and obitu- status.’’ plicit pledge to defend Taiwan if attacked, Mr. Freeman said that President’s Lee’s but Administration officials say that, in the aries from the Providence, RI, Journal behavior ‘‘in the weeks following his re-elec- end, the decision would depend on the tim- and the Woonsocket, RI, Call be print- tion will determine’’ whether Beijing’s Com- ing, pretext and nature of Chinese aggres- ed in the RECORD as if read. munist Party leaders feel they must act ‘‘by sion. There being no objection, the mate- direct military means’’ to change his behav- f rial was ordered to be printed in the ior. RECORD, as follows: In recent months, Mr. Freeman said he has THE BAD DEBT BOXSCORE REMARKS BY FORMER RHODE ISLAND GOV. J. relayed a number of warnings to United Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, the Fed- JOSEPH GARRAHY States Government officials. ‘‘I have quoted senior Chinese who told me’’ that China eral Government is, as the saying goes, Mary Brennan—say her name and you are ‘‘would sacrifice ‘millions of men’ and ‘entire living on borrowed time, not to men- guaranteed to smile. That’s because her cities’ to assure the unity of China and who tion borrowed money—nearly $5 tril- warmth, her care, her enthusiastic approach opined that the United States would not lion of it. As of the close of business to life was contagious. She touched us all. make comparable sacrifices.’’ yesterday, Tuesday, January 23, the I can think of no higher honor than to have He also asserted that ‘‘some in Beijing may Federal debt stood at been asked to speak about my friend, our be prepared to engage in nuclear blackmail friend, Mary. My single regret is that I have $4,987,963,203,048.04. On a per capita to do this so soon, so early. against the U.S. to insure that Americans do basis, every man, woman, and child in not obstruct’’ efforts by the People’s Libera- Like all of you, I have a special place in tion Army ‘‘to defend the principles of Chi- America owes $18,932.74 as his or her my heart reserved for Mary. She caught my nese sovereignty over Taiwan and Chinese share of the Federal debt. attention 30 years ago and will forever hold national unity.’’ f it. Some specialists at the meeting wondered To know Mary was to know all the Bren- if Mr. Freeman’s presentation was too MARY BRENNAN’S PUBLIC nans an the Partingtons, because special alarmist and suggested that parliamentary SERVICE above everyone was her family. She came elections on Taiwan in December had re- Mr. PELL. Mr. President, I rise to from such solid stock—Bumpsie and Mumsie. sulted in losses for the ruling Nationalist At the wonderful age of 91, it was Mumsie share with my colleagues the wonder- who cared for the daughter who loved her so. Party and that President Lee appeared to be ful example of Mary P. Brennan, an ex- moderating his behavior to avoid a crisis. And boy if there were ever two peas in a pod, ‘‘I am not alarmist at this point,’’ said one traordinary woman who combined the it was Mary and Mumsy. We admire your specialist, who would not comment on the best qualities of politics and public strength Mumsy and your faith. A faith that substance of the White House meeting. ‘‘I service. Mary carried with her throughout her life. don’t think the evidence is developing in Mary Brennan, who retired last And Mary had a special sisterly bond with that direction.’’ month as marketing director for Green her brothers Bill and John. She would defend Other participants in the White House State Airport after an extraordinary and care for them and they for her. Her pride and joy were her two sons—Brian meeting, who said they would not violate the career in politics and public service, confidentiality pledge of the private session, and Sean. She used to say how much like separately expressed their concern that a po- lost her battle with breast cancer ear- John, Brian was. And boy was she beaming tential military crisis is building in the Tai- lier this month. last April at his and Sally’s wedding. Sean wan Strait. In a time when politicians and public was with her every step of the way—she was ‘‘I think there is evidence to suggest that servants are the targets of unusually so proud of his work in Alaska and Hawaii the Chinese are creating at least the option harsh criticism, Mary was a sterling and encouraged him to follow his dream. to apply military pressure to Taiwan if they example of how some people were cre- Typical Mary—always selfless. feel that Taiwan is effectively moving out of They were blessed to have her. And, we ated to ennoble both politics and public were all blessed because Mary made us part China’s orbit politically,’’ said Kenneth service. Lieberthal, a China scholar at the University of her extended family. She adopted each of of Michigan and an informal adviser to the If you knew Mary, you felt special. It us and we were better for it. A special thanks Administration. did not matter if your station were to Little Lynne who adopted Mary and was a Mr. Lieberthal, who also has traveled to high or low, you received the warmth great comfort in her final days. China in recent months, said Beijing has re- of her charm, the depth of her compas- All of us could easily be overwhelmed by deployed forces from other parts of the coun- sion and the inspiration of her ‘‘can grief of our great loss. Or we can proceed as try to the coastal areas facing Taiwan and do’’ spirit. Mary would have us—remembering our spe- cial times together and understanding what set up new command structures ‘‘for various When she retired after 11 years as kinds of military action against Taiwan.’’ a special woman she was. ‘‘They have done all this in a fashion they marketing director at Green State Air- Mary has affected more lives than any know Taiwan can monitor,’’ he said, ‘‘so as port, it was noted that often she would newspaper report can ever catalogue. Each of to become credible on the use of force.’’ take 30 minutes to make her way us carries memories and stories of how Mary ‘‘I believe there has been no decision to use across the airport terminal because she affected us. Every one of my days as Gov- military force’’ he continued, ‘‘and they rec- would bump into so many people she ernor could be footnoted with a Mary Bren- ognize that it would be a policy failure for knew. nan story. Whether is was the difficult days them to have to resort to force; but they All who knew her, whether in her of the oil crisis or celebrating RI’s true eth- nic diversity at one heritage celebration or have set up the option, they have commu- earlier job as executive aide to former nicated that in the most credible fashion another, or planning a President’s visit, wel- and, I believe, the danger is that they would Gov. J. Joseph Garrahy or her most re- coming the most needy citizen in the State exercise it in certain circumstances.’’ cent job as marketing director, knew Room or working hour after hour during the Several experts cited their concern that that she would put in 150 percent ef- Blizzard to get food and heat to the stranded, actions by Congress in the aftermath of fort. Mary was always there. She could even con- President Lee’s expected election could be a When asked why she worked so hard vince a group of angry voters that I was critical factor contributing to a military for so many people, Mary replied: ‘‘If good, even if I wasn’t right! confrontation. If President Lee perceives you care about people, you want to And I am convinced that were it not for that he has a strong base of support in the Mary’s wise counsel to Lynne Ryan—she and United States Congress and presses forward service them to the utmost. You start Michael would not be raising a family today. with his campaign to raise Taiwan’s status, something right, you finish it right.’’ I can hear her words of advice, ‘‘Lynne, be the risk of a military crisis is greater, they She was loyal to public service and patient. He’s Irish!’’ said. A chief concern is that Congress would she valued loyalty above all other vir- Service to others was Mary’s hallmark. An seek to invite the Taiwan leader back to the tues. ‘‘When you make a commitment honorable devoted, and selfless public serv- United States as a gesture of American sup- to someone,’’ she said, ‘‘you keep it.’’ ant. From her early days running her own port. A Chinese military leader warned in Mr. President, we will miss Mary tre- travel agency to the Heritage years and November that such a step could have ‘‘ex- mendously in Rhode Island. I will nearly a decade in the Governor’s Office to plosive’’ results. her airport, travel and tourism time, Mary In recent months, American statements on think of her when I fly into Rhode Is- continuously served others. She would say whether United States forces would come to land. It also is easy to hark back to an ‘‘if you care about people, you want to serv- the defense of Taiwan if it came under at- earlier decade and picture her hard at ice them to the utmost.’’ We all have a story tack have been deliberately vague so as to work in the Rhode Island State House. of how Mary extended herself to each of us.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S341 It didn’t matter who you were, if you need- columnist. ‘‘There was never a time limit to Active in health and charity concerns, ed help, she was there. Her generosity knew the hours she would put in.’’ Mrs. Brennan led the Catholic Charity Fund no bounds. Mike Ryan, who served Garrahy as press Appeal for the state in 1988 and held mem- All of us here today are a testimony to her secretary, said Mrs. Brennan always put in berships in numerous groups, including the life. Mary was as at ease with Governors, 150 percent of effort. Muscular Dystrophy Association, Leukemia Bishops and Generals as she was with the When asked why she worked so hard for so Society, Rhode Island Cancer Coalition, regular folk. Individually, each of us rep- many years, she said, ‘‘If you care about peo- Rhode Island Lung Association and Rhode Is- resents a part of her life. ple, you want to service them to the ut- land Blood Center. Well Mary, you have made our lives rich- most.’’ She said also that if ‘‘you start some- She was a member of the parish council at er—serving as a teacher of how to treat peo- thing right, you finish it right.’’ St. Patrick Church and past president of its ple and have a passion for life. You made the She said she valued loyalty above all other Women’s Club. She was a member of the world better because you have passed virtues. ‘‘When you make a commitment to Cumberland Crime Stoppers, Greater Provi- through it. someone, you keep it,’’ she said. dence Chamber of Commerce and the Girl Although most didn’t have a chance to say Garrahy said her loyalty was to public Scouts of Rhode Island fundraising program. goodbye, every time you left Mary, your service, and people came to depend upon her Mrs. Brennan’s wide-ranging efforts were heart was a little warmer because you left for that. ‘‘She was a public servant,’’ the recognized with many awards. In 1983 she re- with a piece of her heart. former governor said. ceived the Cumberland Business Associa- As we help Mary to her rest today—close Mrs. Brennan was appointed to the Greater tion’s Person of the Year award, the Italian your eyes and think of how good Mary al- Providence-Warwick Convention & Visitors Historical Society’s Citizen award and the ways made you feel about yourself. Bureau, but her tenure there fell prey to pol- City of Newport’s Civitas award. Think of how Mary made you feel as if no itics in November when both Mayor Vincent The Papal Medal of the Cross was con- one else in the world mattered but you. A. Cianci Jr. of Providence and Governor Al- ferred on her in 1989, and the YWCA of Rhode Think of how Mary helped to make us mond sought her vote to break a tie in a Island deemed her its Outstanding Woman of work harder and be better than we ever struggle over whether Cianci or Almond 1995. She also has been cited by the Muscular thought we could be. would control the panel. Dystrophy Association, Leukemia Society, Mrs. Brennan was a state employee, but Close your eyes and think of how many American Association of Retired Persons and her brother, John J. Partington, was director times Mary got you to do the right thing— the National Federation of the Blind. of public safety for Cianci. She resolved the even when you didn’t want to do it—and then She also is survived by two sons, Brian matter by resigning. made you believe it was your idea all along. Brennan of Warwick and Sean Brennan of She also leaves another brother, Bill How fortunate are we, each one of us, to Cumberland; and two brothers, Providence Partington, also of Cumberland, and two have been a part of Mary Brennan’s life. We Commissioner of Public Safety and former sons, Brian Brennan of Warwick and Sean always felt safe with Mary. We knew that if Cumberland Police Chief John J. Partington anything went wrong Mary was there to fix Brennan of Cumberland. The J.J. Duffy Funeral Home, 757 Mendon and Willard F. ‘‘Bill’’ Partington, both of it—to insure that things worked smoothly. Rd., Cumberland, is handling funeral ar- Cumberland. Now we are on our own. Sadness fills us rangements, which were incomplete last A Mass will be celebrated tomorrow at 11 today. But we are better because of Mary. night. a.m. at the Cathedral of SS, Peter and Paul, We have smiled more because of Mary. And Cathedral Square, Providence. Burial will be we will carry forward because that’s what [From the Woonsocket, RI, Call, Jan. 12, in Resurrection Cemetery. Arrangements are Mary would want. 1996] under the direction of the J.J. Duffy Funeral And we can be happy for Mary that she is Home, 757 Mendon Road. reunited with her Johnny. John Brennan MARY P. BRENNAN; LEADER IN STATE, f who Mary so cherished. CHARITY CONCERNS Mike Ryan and I visited with Mary last CUMBERLAND.—Mrs. Mary P. (Partington) ORPHANAGES IN CHINA Friday and she recalled the last book that Brennan, 62, of 75 Hewes St., an executive in John was working on before he passed away. state positions for 25 years, died yesterday in Mr. PELL. Mr. President, our atten- She said she had to finish it to make the col- Rhode Island Hospital, Providence. She was tion should be drawn to a horrifying re- lection complete. Some of you may know the wife of the late John P. Brennan. port issued this month by the respected that during my years as Governor, John Born Sept. 24, 1933, in Cumberland, a human rights organization, Human Brennan painstakingly cut and catalogued a daughter of Mary C. (Hogan) Partington of Rights Watch/Asia, titled ‘‘Death by Cumberland and the late Willard F. newspaper history of my terms of office. Default: A Policy of Fatal Neglect in Well John’s been hard at work; cutting and Partington, she was a lifelong town resident. She graduated from St. Xavier’s Academy, China’s State Orphanages.’’ The allega- cataloguing Mary’s good deeds, her kindness, tions raised in ‘‘Death by Default’’ are her courage and her love for her family. And Providence, in 1951 and the Ward Finishing John will make certain that St. Peter reads School, Worcester, in 1954. more than a little disturbing; they are every single volume. Mrs. Brennan was the marketing director shocking. Mr. President, I ask that the We love you Mary and we thank God for for 11 years for the Rhode Island Airport report’s ‘‘Summary and Recommenda- giving you to us. Corp. at T.F. Green State Airport, Warwick, tions’’ be submitted for the RECORD. retiring last month. Before that she was a station manager for The report paints a grim picture of [From the Providence Journal, Jan. 12, 1996] Mohawk-Allegheny (USAir)—the first the lives of China’s youngest, least for- MARY P. BRENNAN, FORMER DIRECTOR OF woman to hold that position in the country— tunate citizens. With well-documented AIRPORT MARKETING, DIES AT 62 at Logan Airport, Boston, from 1954 to 1960; details from one institution—the CUMBERLAND.—Mary P. Brennan, 62, who owner of the Tradewinds Travel Agency, Shanghai Children’s Welfare Insti- retired last month as marketing director for Providence, from 1960 to 1963; state coordi- tute—and publicly available statistics Green State Airport, died yesterday in nator of the Bicentennial celebration from for orphanages nationwide provided by Rhode Island Hospital. 1971 to 1976; and an executive aide to Gov. J. China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Mrs. Brennan, who lived at 2 Hewes St., Joseph Garrahy until 1984. had been suffering from breast cancer. Mrs. Brennan recently was chairwoman of report indicates that orphans in most She was the wife of the late John P. Bren- the Rhode Island Infrastructure Committee of China’s state-run institutions are nan and the daughter of Mae Partington of of the White House Conference on Travel/ living in horrible conditions with little Cumberland and the late Willard Partington. Tourism. She had served as chairwoman of hope for survival. Statistics provided Eugene Tansey, director of the state Air- the Governor’s Advisory Council on Tourism, by the Ministry allow Human Rights port Corporation, recalled on the occasion of Discover New England and the Foundation Watch to conservatively estimate a na- Mrs. Brennan’s retirement that it often for the Promotion of State Cultural Herit- tional death rate in China’s orphanages would take her 30 minutes to make her way age; vice chairwoman of the Rhode Island across the terminal because she would bump Heritage Commission; vice president of New of 25 percent. Critics of the report into so many people she knew. England USA Travel and Tourism; and a charge that terrible conditions and ‘‘She knows everybody,’’ Tansey remarked. member of several other tourism organiza- high death rates are to be expected in ‘‘You can hear people yelling across the tions and commissions. She received the a developing country because of a lack floor, ‘Mary, Mary!’’’ Governor’s Award on Tourism in 1987. of adequate funding, but ‘‘Death by De- Linda Fischer worked with Mrs. Brennan She also contributed her time and experi- fault’’ again uses official documents to when the two were executive aides to Gov. J. ence to the Rhode Island 350th Celebration, show otherwise. The report shows, for Joseph Garrahy. She recalled Mrs. Brennan Tall Ships Task Force, America’s Cup Task example, that from 1989 to 1992 employ- as a stickler for detail. Force, National and New England Governors ‘‘You’d always turn to her and you knew conferences, Rhode Island Historical Soci- ees’ salaries at state-run orphanages exactly what you asked would be done,’’ ety, Save the Bay and the January 1995 Inau- nationally increased at close to twice Fischer said in an interview last month with gural Committee. She was president of the the rate of expenditures for the chil- M. Charles Bakst, Journal-Bulletin political Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame. dren. The question does not seem to be

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S342 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 one of having funding, but one of how political tradition, China’s leaders assert Unlike their Romanian counterparts, the that funding is used. that economic well-being forms the basis for management and staff of China’s orphanages This report relies heavily on docu- the enjoyment of all other rights, and that cannot claim that their shortcomings result ments and pictures taken by a former the protection of economic rights can there- from a lack of funding or from inadequately doctor and a former inmate at the fore justify restrictions on civil liberties. paid employees. Dispelling a misconception In some important respects, China’s record reflected in nearly all Western media cov- Shanghai Children’s Welfare Institute in protecting social and economic rights erage of the issue to date, Human Rights for its most harrowing sections. It pro- may serve as a model for the rest of the de- Watch/Asia’s research confirms that many vides pictures of emaciated children veloping world. Levels of well-being, as Chinese orphanages, including some record- and children tied to their beds, and sto- measured by social indicators such as lit- ing death rates among the worst in the coun- ries of medical neglect, dying rooms, eracy and life expectancy, are considerably try, appear to enjoy more than sufficient beatings and rapes by orphanage offi- higher in China than in other countries at budgets, including adequate wages, bonuses, comparable stages of development, and in and other personnel-related costs. Expenses cials, and children carrying the corpses some cases higher than those in much of other children to the orphanage’s for children’s food, clothing, and other neces- wealthier nations. sities, however, are extremely low in institu- morgue. These nightmarish allegations But China’s claim to guarantee the ‘‘right tions throughout the country. are made worse by documented ac- to subsistence’’ conceals a secret world of The crisis, both nationwide and in Shang- counts of how the doctor and others starvation, disease, and unnatural death—a hai, is known to the top leadership of China’s tried in vain to raise the issue of condi- world into which thousands of Chinese citi- Ministry of Civil Affairs. Conditions at the tions at the orphanage with city gov- zens disappear each year. The victims are Shanghai orphanage are well known to the neither the political activists nor the reli- ernment officials. An investigation local political elite and by members of the gious dissidents who dominate the inter- Politburo. But the government reaction has into the situation was apparently national debate over human rights in the stonewalled and later stopped com- been to maintain a facade of normalcy, to People’s Republic; they are orphans and punish dissenters who have sought to expose pletely by senior officials. The report abandoned children in custodial institutions abuses and, in certain crucial cases, to pro- notes that conditions at the Shanghai run by China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs. This mote those responsible for the abuses. Children’s Welfare Institute have since report documents the pattern of cruelty, abuse, and malign neglect which has domi- A Nationwide Crisis improved remarkably and it is now Abandonment of children surged in China open to visitors, even foreigners. But nated child welfare work in China since the early 1950s, and which now constitutes one of during the 1980’s, in part due to the one-child the report strongly indicates that the the country’s gravest human rights prob- population control policy and in part due to Shanghai No. 2 Social Welfare Insti- lems. policies restricting adoption by Chinese cou- tute, which is not open to the public, Human Rights Watch/Asia has now pieced ples who are not childless. The national sta- may be carrying on many of these together at least a fragmentary picture of tistics on mortality cited in this report do same abuses. conditions for abandoned children through- not contain a gender breakdown, but anec- Mr. President, I have not visited ei- out China, including staggering mortality dotal and journalistic reporting on orphan- ther of these institutes in China and rates for infants in state institutions and the ages nationwide reveals that the vast major- ity of children in orphanages are, and con- cannot personally vouch for the accu- persistent failure of official statistics to track the vast majority of orphans, whose sistently have been during the past decade, racy of ‘‘Death by Default.’’ But I can whereabouts and status are unknown. healthy infant girls; that is, children with- say that the evidence it presents to The evidence—largely official documents out serious disabilities who are abandoned support its allegations is compelling cited in detail below—indicates that the because of traditional attitudes that value enough for me to join Human Rights likelihood of survival beyond one year, for a boy children more highly. The financial and Watch/Asia in calling on government newly admitted orphan in China’s welfare in- social problems that these children are per- officials in Beijing to reopen the inves- stitutions nationwide, was less than 50 per- ceived to constitute are made more acute by tigation into the Shanghai Children’s cent in 1989. The documents also show that the fact that Chinese couples are not per- overall annual mortality at many of China’s mitted to adopt them, for the most part. Welfare Institute and to review condi- orphanages is far higher than that docu- Reports of inhumane conditions in Chinese tions at state-run institutions nation- mented in any other country. In Romania in orphanages have attracted growing inter- ally. I also urge the U.S. Embassy in December 1989, for example, when foreigners national concern in recent years, prompted Beijing to raise the issue of child wel- first visited the grim state orphanages hous- chiefly by the country’s greater openness to fare with Chinese Government officials ing abandoned and handicapped children and foreign press coverage and charitable work at the highest levels. The U.S. Govern- were outraged by what they found there, a financed from abroad, as well as a dramatic ment cannot credibly claim to cham- representative of the France-based humani- increase in overseas adoptions from the Peo- ´ pion human rights issues globally if it tarian group Medecins du Monde stated that ple’s Republic. Although some scattered alle- the 1989 death rate from infectious disease gations have succeeded in bringing to light ignores the brutal treatment of young and neglect was 40 percent, in one home that grave abuses against China’s orphans, there children documented by this report. was particularly abusive. In the Chinese has been virtually no effort to place these This is not the first public report on provinces of Fujian, Shaanxi, Guangxi and charges in context through systematic re- the state of China’s orphanages. The Henan, overall annual mortality among in- search on the country’s institutional welfare British Broadcasting Corporation and stitutionalized orphans that year ranged system. other media organizations have looked from 59.2 percent to 72.5 percent. The Chinese government’s own statistics at conditions in them before. But I When sustained over an extended period, reveal a situation worse than even the most want to commend Human Rights moreover, any of the above annual rates alarming Western media reports have sug- means far higher actual mortality. We esti- gested. In 1989, the most recent year for Watch/Asia for again bringing this seri- mate that in China’s best-known and most which nationwide figures are available, the ous matter to public attention with prestigious orphanage, the Shanghai Chil- majority of abandoned children admitted to such a carefully researched document. dren’s Welfare Institute, total mortality in China’s orphanages were dying in institu- I hope it is widely read and its rec- the late 1980s and early 1990s was probably tional care. Many institutions, including ommendations taken in Beijing. running as high as 90 percent; even official some in major cities, appeared to be oper- There being no objection, the report figures put the annual deaths-to-admissions ating as little more than assembly lines for was ordered to be printed in the ratio at an appalling 77.6 percent in 1991, and the elimination of unwanted orphans, with RECORD, as follows: partial figures indicate an increase in 1992. an annual turnover of admissions and deaths Neither institutional welfare policy nor the far exceeding the number of beds available. DEATH BY DEFAULT: A POLICY OF FATAL size of the orphanage system have changed In any case, the majority of abandoned NEGLECT IN CHINA’S STATE ORPHANAGES notably since then, while the crisis of aban- children in China never reach the dubious se- I. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS doned children continues unabated, due in curity of a state-run orphanage. Many are China’s Orphans and Human Rights part to China’s one-child policy. In the case sent instead to general-purpose state institu- In response to widespread criticism of its of Shanghai, there have been cosmetic im- tions, where they are confined indiscrimi- human rights record, the Chinese govern- provements at the orphanage itself since nately with retarded, disabled, elderly, and ment has frequently argued that the inter- 1993, designed to encourage foreign adoption, mentally disturbed adults. Although the sta- national community places too much empha- but there is evidence that many disabled in- tistical evidence is unclear, the limited eye- sis on civil and political rights, while ne- fants and children are now simply trans- witness information available suggests that glecting the more basic rights to food, shel- ferred to a facility outside the city, where death rates among children held in these fa- ter, and subsistence—rights which China access for outsiders is extremely rare and cilities may be even higher than in China’s claims to have secured for its citizens more where, according to numerous reports re- specialized orphanages. effectively than some democratic countries. ceived by Human Rights Watch/Asia, the In addition, Chinese official records fail to In accordance with the country’s post-1949 children are grossly mistreated. account for most of the country’s abandoned

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S343 infants and children, only a small proportion fully informed of the abuses occurring at the abandoned children are physically or men- of whom are in any form of acknowledged Children’s Welfare Institute, but took no ac- tally handicapped. Worse, the Shanghai or- state care. The most recent figure provided tion to halt them or to punish those respon- phanage’s medical staff then used these sup- by the government for the country’s orphan sible, acting instead to shield senior manage- posed disabilities as a justification for elimi- population, 100,000 seems implausibly low for ment at the orphanage and to prevent news nating unwanted infants through starvation a country with a total population of 1.2 bil- of the abuses from reaching the public. and medical neglect. Such unconscionable lion. Even if it were accurate, however, the Meanwhile, Wu Bangguo and Huang Ju have behavior by doctors in China’s most ad- whereabouts of the great majority of China’s risen to positions of national prominence in vanced and cosmopolitan city points to an orphans would still be a complete mystery, China’s ruling Politburo. ethical crisis of immense proportions in the leaving crucial questions about the country’s The cosmetic changes at the Shanghai or- country’s medical profession. child welfare system unanswered and sug- phanage since 1993 have been engineered by This corruption of medical ethics reflects gesting that the real scope of the catas- Han Weicheng, its former director. Although broader trends in Chinese law and health pol- trophe that has befallen China’s unwanted he was a major perpetrator of abuses there, icy, including recent debates in the National children may be far larger than the evidence Han was promoted to an even more senior People’s Congress, the country’s nominal in this report documents. position within the municipal welfare bu- legislature, on legalizing euthanasia for the incapacitated elderly. Official press reports Evidence From Shanghai reaucracy. At about the same time, the or- phanage was opened to visitors and large indicate that the Chinese government may In addition to nationwide statistics on the also have given serious consideration to al- condition of China’s institutionalized chil- numbers of children from the city’s orphan- age began to be transferred to another custo- lowing euthanasia for handicapped children, dren, Human Rights Watch/Asia has recently but has declined to do so for fear of the obtained a large quality of internal docu- dial institution, the Shanghai No. 2 Social Welfare Institute. Located on Chongming Is- international repercussions. The medical mentation from one of the most prominent evidence suggests, however, that just such specialized orphanages in the country, the land, a remote rural area north of Shanghai, the No. 2 Social Welfare Institute, which is pseudo-eugenic practices may have been car- Shanghai Children’s Welfare Institute. Based ried out at the Shanghai Children’s Welfare on these documents, which include medical ostensibly a home for severely retarded adults, has been transformed since 1993 into Institute. At the very least, the city’s aban- records and other official files recording the doned infants, even when not genuinely dis- deaths of hundreds of children, and on the a virtual dumping ground for abandoned in- fants delivered to the orphanage. While the abled, became the victims of a policy of de- testimony of direct witnesses who left China liberate and fatal neglect resulting in their in 1995, Human Rights Watch/Asia has con- city government has aggressively promoted the adoption of healthy or mildly disabled wholesale death by default. cluded that conditions at the Shanghai or- Reports from the Shanghai orphanage also orphans by visiting foreigners, reports from phanage before 1993 were comparable to indicate that medical staff there misused visitors to the orphanage in 1995 indicate those at some of the worst children’s institu- their authority in other ways. In several that infants with more serious handicaps are tions in China, several of which have already cases, children who were accused of mis- generally diverted to the Chongming Island been exposed in journalistic accounts in the behavior or were in a position to expose institution within weeks or months of their West. Since 1993, a program of cosmetic ‘‘re- abuses at the orphanage were falsely diag- arrival. Human Rights Watch/Asia has not forms’’ has transformed the Shanghai Chil- nosed as ‘‘mentally ill’’ and transferred to dren’s Welfare Institute into an inter- been able to ascertain the mortality rates of psychiatric hospitals against their will; in national showcase for China’s social policies, children at the No. 2 Social Welfare Insti- one case, a teenage girl named Chou Hui was while an administrative reorganization of tute, but has collected credible reports of se- imprisoned for four months to prevent her the city’s welfare system has largely con- vere mistreatment and of staff impunity. Ex- from testifying that she had been raped by cealed the continuing abuse of infants and treme secrecy surrounds the functioning of orphanage director Han Weicheng. Many children. the Chongming Island institution, raising se- other children were given powerful drugs Ironically, the Chinese government has rious suspicions and fears as to the likely without any apparent medical justification, praised Shanghai’s municipal orphanage ex- fate of children transferred there. in order to control their behavior. Human tensively as a national model for the care of Perversion of Medical Ethics Rights Watch/Asia calls on the leaders of the abandoned and disabled children. In addition Some Western observers have charged that Chinese medical profession to denounce to frequent flattering coverage in China’s of- the phenomenally high death rates among these gross ethical violations and to take ur- ficial media, the Shanghai Children’s Wel- China’s abandoned children result from ne- gent steps to improve standards of medical fare Institute receives considerable financial glect and lack of medical training on the ethics in China. support from Chinese and international char- part of orphanage employees. Anecdotal evi- The Need For A Worldwide Response ities and hosts a steady stream of private dence from foreign charity workers and The enormous loss of life occurring in Chi- and official visitors. Behind the institution’s adoptive parents has painted a grim picture na’s orphanages and other children’s institu- glossy official image, however, lies a pattern of decrepit and poorly financed institutions tions calls for immediate action by the of horrifying abuse. The brutal treatment of run by demoralized and unskilled nursing international community. The United Na- orphans in Shanghai, which included delib- staff. tions and its specialized agencies must take erate starvation, torture, and sexual assault, However, medical records and testimony the lead in investigating conditions in Chi- continued over a period of many years and obtained by Human Rights Watch/Asia show na’s child welfare system and in bringing led to the unnatural deaths of well over 1,000 that deaths at the Shanghai orphanage were these abuses to an end. Governments children between 1986 and 1992 alone. This in many cases deliberate and cruel. Child- throughout the world must make the treat- campaign of elimination could be kept secret care workers reportedly selected unwanted ment of China’s abandoned children one of through the complicity of both higher- and infants and children for death by intentional their highest priorities as they continue to lower-level staff, and because the city’s Bu- deprivation of food and water—a process press for improvements in the country’s reau of Civil Affairs, responsible for the or- known among the workers as the ‘‘summary human rights record. phanage, also runs the crematoria, where resolution’’ of childrens’ alleged medical The People’s Republic of China ratified the starved children’s corpses were disposed of problems. When an orphan chosen in this United Nations Convention on the Rights of with minimum oversight, often even before a manner was visibly on the point of death the Child in December 1991, and submitted death certificate has been filled out by the from starvation or medical neglect, orphan- its first implementation report to the U.N. attending physician. In addition, officials of age doctors were than asked to perform med- Committee on the Rights of the Child in 1994. various Shanghai municipal agencies know- ical ‘‘consultations’’ which served as a ritual The Chinese government has thus submitted ingly suppressed evidence of child abuse at marking the child for subsequent termi- itself voluntarily to international moni- the orphanage, persistently ignored the in- nation of care, nutrition, and other life-sav- toring on the treatment of its minor citi- stitute’s high monthly death figures, and in ing intervention. Deaths from acute mal- zens. Nevertheless, the evidence compiled in 1992, quashed an investigation into orphan- nutrition were then, in many cases, falsely this report shows that China’s policies to- age practices. recorded as having resulted from other wards abandoned infants and children are in Conditions in the Shanghai orphanage causes, often entirely spurious or irrelevant clear violation of many articles of the con- came close to being publicly exposed in the conditions such as ‘‘mental deficiency’’ and vention. Human Rights Watch/Asia urges the early 1990s as a result of pressure by con- ‘‘cleft palate.’’ Committee on the Rights of the Child to cerned orphanage employees, local journal- The vast majority of children’s recorded at place conditions in the Chinese child welfare ists and sympathetic Shanghai officials. By the Shanghai orphanage thus resulted not system at the top of its agenda for the com- 1993, however, virtually all the critical staff from lack of access to medical care but from ing year. Specialized agencies working on members were forced out of their positions something far more sinister: an apparently children’s issues in China, such as the United and silenced. The orphanage leadership was systematic program of child elimination in Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the assisted in its efforts to cover up the truth which senior medical staff played a central World Health Organization, should also by three of the city’s top leaders: Wu role. By making unfounded diagnoses of make a thorough reform of the country’s or- Bangguo, Shanghai’s Communist Party sec- mental retardation and other disorders, phanage system their highest priority. We retary; Huang Ju, the city’s mayor; and Xie these doctors have helped to disseminate the further call for an immediate investigation Lijuan, deputy mayor for health, education, widespread belief—which appears to be quite into abuses against institutionalized chil- and social welfare. Wu, Huang, and Xie were inaccurate—that virtually all of China’s dren in China by the Special Rapporteur on

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 Extrajudicial Executions, who investigates Xu Shanzhen, certified as a ‘‘model worker’’ in Shanghai which helped to conceal mis- patterns of deliberate state action resulting in early 1995 despite her brutal abuse of a re- conduct within the Civil Affairs Bureau, in in death. tarded child, to the former Communist Party the process implicating their own officials in Action by the United Nations and its agen- secretary of Shanghai, Wu Bangguo, who re- possible criminal acts. At a minimum, these cies must be accompanied by a strong re- portedly ordered media coverage of the scan- include: sponse from national governments. Bilateral dal suppressed and has since been appointed The Shanghai Public Security Bureau, for pressure on China to ensure the rights of vice-premier of China. allowing the Children’s Welfare Institute to abandoned infants and children should be However, these obstacles make it all the disobey regulations governing the reporting give at least as high a priority as demands to more imperative that swift action be taken of unnatural deaths; for unlawfully detaining free political and religious detainees or to at the most senior levels to break the cycle and intimidating Chou Hui, the plaintiff in a end torture and ill-treatment in the coun- of impunity. Human Rights Watch/Asia rape case against the then-director of the or- try’s prisons. Protecting the lives of China’s urges the Chinese authorities to take the fol- phanage, Han Weicheng; and for failing to in- orphans must remain at the top of the agen- lowing immediate steps: vestigate the orphanage employees accused da in any future human rights dialogue with (1) The highest government and Com- of assaulting Chen Dongxian, a driver at the the Chinese authorities. munist Party officials in the country should Shanghai orphanage; Despite the Chinese government’s gen- publicly state their determination to inves- The Shanghai Public Health Bureau, for erally hostile attitude towards Western tigate unnatural deaths and abuse of chil- failing to investigate the extremely high human right organizations, Human Rights dren in welfare institutions run by the monthly death figures reported from the Watch/Asia believes that many government Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau. Children’s Welfare Institute over a period of and Communist Party officials will recognize To demonstrate this commitment, the au- years; the need for immediate action to resolve this thorities should immediately reopen the 1991 The Shanghai Supervision Bureau, for sup- humanitarian crisis. Other branches of the inquiry into conditions at the Shanghai Chil- pressing evidence obtained during an eight- Chinese government must hold the Ministry dren’s Welfare Institute. The leadership of month-long inquiry that it carried out into of Civil Affairs and its officials fully ac- the new investigation should be entirely conditions at the children’s Welfare Institute countable for the atrocities being committed independent of both the Shanghai municipal in 1991 and 1992. against China’s orphans. Human Rights government and the Ministry of Civil Af- (5) The investigation should urgently ex- Watch/Asia calls on the authorities to take fairs. Such an inquiry could be led by a spe- amine the present situation at the Shanghai immediate steps to bring an end to these cially appointed committee of delegates to No. 2 Social Welfare Institute, including evi- abuses and offers its full cooperation to the the National People’s Congress or the Chi- dence of unlawful practices such as the de- Chinese authorities in formulating the nec- nese People’s Political Consultative Con- tention of mentally normal adults against essary reforms. A list of the organization’s ference. Members of the committee should their will, and, the use of disciplinary meas- recommendations follows. include medical and legal professionals and ures constituting torture or ill-treatment. Ending Impunity in Shanghai should be drawn from throughout the coun- Special attention should also be paid to con- try. ditions for infants and young children se- Most Chinese citizens familiar only with Pending the outcome of the investigation, cretly transferred to the Chongming Island official media reports on the Shanghai Chil- all management personnel at the institution institute since 1993, and should seek to deter- dren’s Welfare Institute accept the authori- should be suspended from their positions and mine whether the killing of infants through ties’ claim that conditions for the city’s or- replaced by an independent leadership group, ‘‘summary resolution’’ or other similar phans are exemplary. This report shows that preferably including a number of qualified methods is presently occurring there. A the fate of most abandoned children in medical doctors, which would aid the au- criminal investigation should be opened into Shanghai is, in fact, much the same as else- thorities in gathering evidence about condi- the alleged rape and murder of a twenty- where in China. Until 1993, the majority of tions at the orphanage. Administrative au- nine-year-old woman, named Guang Zi, at infants brought to the institute died there thority over the city’s custodial welfare sys- the facility in August 1991. within a few months of arrival, and the mi- tem should be temporarily transferred from (6) The municipal Propaganda Department nority who survived to older childhood were the Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau to another should lift its present ban on critical cov- subject to brutal abuse and neglect. government department, possibly the Shang- erage of events at the Children’s Welfare In- Indeed, the only genuinely unique feature hai Public Health Bureau. stitute, and invite journalists familiar with of the Shanghai orphanage appears to be its (2) The authorities should emphasize that conditions at the orphanage to publish any success since 1993 at generating revenue for institute staff members implicated in crimi- information which might assist the authori- the municipal Civil Affairs Bureau. The nal offenses against children, including mur- ties in their investigation. The progress of city’s newly reorganized child welfare sys- der, rape, assault, sexual abuse, and financial the official inquiry, including any resulting tem now presents the municipal orphanage corruption, will be tried and punished ac- criminal prosecutions, should be publicized as its acceptable public face, serving as an cording to Chinese law. Criminal penalties without restraint by local and national advertisement for both charitable giving and should be applied as well to those responsible media. profitable foreign adoptions, and a ban on for administrative violations, such as fal- negative media coverage of the Children’s sification of medical records and unlawful Public Accountability Welfare Institute has been in force since 1992. disposal of corpses, which constitute, among Despite the urgent need to resolve these Human Rights Watch/Asia believes that others, the crime of ‘‘dereliction of duty’’ outstanding problems in Shanghai, the above the spectacular financial success of the (duzhi zui) under China’s Criminal Code. measures represent only the first stage of Shanghai policies is the real motive behind In reopening the investigation, the au- what should be a nationwide campaign to official praise of the city’s child welfare sys- thorities should place particular emphasis on improve conditions for children in China’s tem as a national model. We fear that efforts the practices of ‘‘summary resolution’’ be- welfare institutes. A critical factor in the to duplicate the Shanghai experience else- fore 1993, whereby children were inten- success of any such effort will be the Chinese where in China are likely to further worsen tionally killed through deprivation of food government’s willingness to expose these in- conditions for the country’s abandoned chil- and medical care. Public statements by sen- stitutions to intensive public scrutiny, not dren, and to strengthen the vested interest ior officials should stress that all such inci- only from concerned foreigners but, even of the Ministry of Civil Affairs in obstruct- dents, where they can be verified, will be more importantly, from China’s own citi- ing genuine reforms. prosecuted to the full extent under Chinese zens. The deceptive policy of ‘‘openness’’ in- Any attempt to improve the treatment of law. troduced by the Shanghai Children’s Welfare Chinese orphans must therefore begin by re- (3) The scope of the investigation should be Institute in 1993 must be replaced by genuine opening the official investigation into mis- extended beyond the original terms of the in- transparency in order to prevent future conduct within the Shanghai Civil Affairs quiry launched in 1991, and should examine abuses from going undetected. Bureau, launched in 1991 and abruptly termi- evidence of complicity by senior Shanghai Human Rights Watch/Asia believes the fol- nated the following year. Above all, such an officials in shielding the management of the lowing measures are likely to produce imme- inquiry would seek the widest possible pub- Children’s Welfare Institute. Criminal diate and substantial improvements in the licity for any evidence of wrongdoing uncov- charges of ‘‘dereliction of duty’’ should be quality of care for children in state custody, ered and would pursue appropriate legal brought against present and former city offi- even without fundamental reforms in man- sanctions against bureau employees found cials who appear to have knowingly sup- agement and law: responsible for abusing children and causing pressed evidence of child abuse at the or- (1) The Ministry of Civil Affairs should im- avoidable deaths. phanage. Among the officials so implicated, mediately publish comprehensive statistics Such an inquiry will confront the fact that in official documents cited in this report, are on the scale of China’s child abandonment a number of people associated directly or in- Wu Bangguo, the former Communist Party problem. These should given detailed figures directly with abuses at the Shanghai orphan- secretary of Shanghai; Huang Ju, Shanghai’s on the number of abandoned infants and chil- age continue to hold positions of authority, former mayor; Xie Lijuan, the city’s deputy dren discovered in each Chinese province in and many have since been promoted or oth- mayor, and Sun Jinfu, director of the Shang- recent years, as well as the number of such erwise risen in status. The beneficiaries of hai Civil Affairs Bureau. children offered up for legal adoption, fos- this apparent impunity range from ordinary (4) The investigation should also examine tered with private families, and placed in in- staff members such as the child-care worker the legal culpability of other official bodies stitutional care.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S345 The ministry should also publish a list of child mortality rates appear to be higher edy, at least in the short term. Rural pov- all custodial institutions in China which than expected, given normal levels of care, erty, prejudice against the disabled, tradi- care for unsupported minors, including spe- should be subject to investigation and dis- tional attitudes towards female children, and cialized orphanages, urban ‘‘social welfare missed if mismanagement is shown to be a the pressures generated by the country’s institutes,’’ and collectively run ‘‘respecting- contributing factor. stringent population policy all contribute to the-aged homes’’ in rural areas. The list The Ministry of Civil Affairs should imme- the problem. It must be stressed, however, should include the location of each institu- diately begin reorganizing its custodial wel- that whatever the reasons for the tion and its population on a specified date, fare system to ensure that minors and adults orphanhood or abandonment, once such chil- as well as all available statistics on child in- are kept in separate institutions. The use of dren are accepted into state care, the gov- take and mortality rates in recent years. In all-purpose ‘‘social welfare institutes’’ to ernment has an unshirkable duty to provide future, such basic population statistics for warehouse orphans and other incapacitated them with adequate care and protection. each institution should be published on an persons should be ended as soon as prac- For the foreseeable future, China will need annual basis. tically possible. to maintain a system of state-run foster care Since most abandoned infants and children (3) The Ministry of Civil Affairs should co- for some orphans, particularly the severely in China are delivered to the civil affairs au- operate with the Ministry of Public Health disabled. However, Human Rights Watch/ thorities by local police departments and and the Ministry of Public Security to en- Asia believes that relatively minor legisla- hospitals, the Ministry of Public Security sure that staff of welfare institutions strict- tive changes would enable most children now and the Ministry of Public Health should ly follow all rules and other legal require- living in welfare institutions to be placed for begin compiling and publishing regular sta- ments regarding the reporting of inmates’ adoption with Chinese families. An effective tistics on child abandonment, including the deaths. All deaths of minors in institutional domestic adoption program would eliminate sex and estimated age of each child discov- care should be treated as potentially unnatu- the need for institutional care for virtually ered. This will provide an independent check ral, and hence subject to reporting, inves- all of China’s abandoned children. on the accuracy of intake figures submitted tigation and documentation requirements of Human Rights Watch/Asia urges the Chi- to the Ministry of Civil Affairs by individual the Public Security Bureau, as well as inde- nese authorities to take the following steps: institutions, and will prevent the under-re- pendent autopsies by qualified medical per- (1) China’s ‘‘Adoption Law’’ and its imple- porting of intakes which allegedly took sonnel affiliated with the Bureau of Public menting regulations should be amended to place in Shanghai during the 1980s. Health. Local health bureaus which are noti- abolish the legal distinction between ‘‘or- (2) The Ministry of Civil Affairs should fied of a significant number of children’s phans’’ and ‘‘abandoned infants.’’ The provi- make public its policy on ‘‘fostering’’ or- deaths in welfare institutions within their sions of the adoption law which prohibit phans and abandoned children in private jurisdiction should immediately call for an adults under age thirty-five and couples with family care, including details of the screen- investigation by local authorities. children from adopting abandoned infants ing process, if any, for prospective foster par- (4) The Ministry of Civil Affairs should pro- without handicaps, and which prohibit foster ents, and of monitoring procedures aimed at mulgate strict rules prohibiting the abuse of parents from adopting more than one aban- ensuring that fostered children are treated children in welfare institutions, such as ex- doned child, should be repealed. humanely. cessive corporal punishment, tying of chil- (2) The State Commission for Family Plan- (3) The propaganda organs of the Com- dren’s limbs, medically unjustified use of ning should issue instructions to local fam- munist Party should publicize the severe drugs to control children’s behavior, and all ily planning authorities, expressly prohib- problems in Shanghai’s child welfare system, forms of paid or unpaid child labor. The min- iting any interference in the adopting of and instruct the state-controlled media istry should also promulgate a formal dis- children from welfare institutions. throughout China to investigate conditions ciplinary policy to be applied by institute (3) The propaganda organs of the Com- for children in welfare institutions within management in cases of misconduct by jun- munist Party should publicize changes in the their own area of coverage. The Ministry of ior staff. country’s adoption policy through the offi- Civil Affairs should ensure that journalists (5) All staff at custodial welfare institutes cial media. Both the media and the State participating in these investigations receive should undertake a period of formal training, Commission for Family Planning should ac- full cooperation from institute staff, includ- aimed at impressing on newly assigned em- tively promote the adoption of orphans as an ing unrestricted access to all children in ployees that the protection of inmates’ well- alternative for couples seeking larger fami- each institution. Any abusive or negligent being is of paramount importance. Ordinary lies than China’s population policies allow. conditions uncovered during the course of child-care workers should be trained in basic f journalists’ inquiries should be publicly ex- first-aid techniques, particularly to respond MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT posed and promptly remedied. Objective re- to cases of choking and accidental injuries, porting on conditions in China’s child wel- and in appropriate feeding methods for in- Messages from the President of the fare system should remain a priority indefi- fants and small children, especially those United States were communicated to nitely. with disabilities. the Senate by Mr. Thomas, one of his Welfare institutes should permit unsched- (6) Welfare institutes should be staffed secretaries. uled visits by local residents, including both with, or (where personnel shortages cannot Chinese and foreign nationals. Local civil af- be resolved) be provided with full and regular f fairs authorities should encourage public in- outside consultancy services by, an adequate EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED volvement in the care of orphans, particu- number of fully qualified medical profes- larly by qualified medical personnel. sionals, including specialists in pediatrics. As in executive session the Presiding The United Nations Children’s Fund Doctors whose medical educations were in- Officer laid before the Senate messages (UNICEF) and established private children’s terrupted, for example during the Cultural from the President of the United charities from overseas should be granted ac- Revolution, should not be employed as insti- States submitting five withdrawals and cess on a regular basis to all welfare institu- tute medical staff unless they have com- sundry nominations which were re- tions holding minors. pleted the necessary remedial coursework. ferred to the appropriate committees. Management Reforms (7) The surgical repair of harelips, cleft (The nominations received today are palates and other correctable birth defects Although the steps outlined above are like- printed at the end of the Senate pro- should be one of the highest medical prior- ly to bring about a sharp reduction of some ceedings.) ities for welfare institutes and cooperating of the worst abuses within the child welfare local hospitals. Abandoned infants requiring f system, basic changes in institutional man- these relatively inexpensive procedures agement are equally important in order to MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE should receive them as soon as medically ad- guarantee that these initial improvements visable, and should be given individual at- At 5:02 p.m., a message from the last. These include administrative measures tention in the meantime to ensure that they House of Representatives, delivered by to strengthen the outside monitoring of chil- remain adequately nourished. dren’s treatment, as well as improvements in Mr. Hays, one of its reading clerks, an- (8) Infants and small children should not be the selection, training and discipline of in- nounced that the House agrees to the classified as ‘‘mentally retarded’’ until they stitute staff. Human Rights Watch/Asia rec- report of the committee of conference are old enough to undergo appropriate psy- ommends that the Chinese authorities un- on the disagreeing votes of the two chological tests. Training programs for dertake the following reforms: Houses on the amendments of the child-care workers should emphasize the im- The leadership of the Ministry of Civil Af- portance of individual care, attention and House to the bill (S. 1124) to authorize fairs should publicly state its commitment stimulation for infants’ normal mental de- appropriations for fiscal year 1996 for to improving conditions for institutionalized velopment. military activities of the Department children, and should emphasize that the di- rectors of welfare institutes and other man- Legislative Reforms of Defense, to prescribe personnel agement-level staff will be evaluated pri- The phenomenon of child abandonment is strengths for such fiscal year for the marily on their success in reducing chil- not unique to China, and many of the factors Armed Forces, and for other purposes. dren’s death rates to an absolute minimum. which lead parents to abandon their children The message also announced that the The directors of welfare institutes where are beyond the government’s power to rem- House has passed the following bills, in

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S346 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 which it requests the concurrence of fort, and reduced lung function in non- of the 2-hour smoking ban, Congress the Senate: smoking adults. While these symptoms expanded the ban to include nearly all H.R. 2567. An act to amend the Federal may seem minor in nature, their ef- domestic flights. Water Pollution Control Act relating to fects on individuals can have perma- Mr. President, this legislation would standards for constructed water convey- nent health and financial con- extend the protection now enjoyed by ances. sequences. It is estimated that flight domestic passengers and flight attend- H.R. 2657. An act to award a congressional attendants lose about $10,000 per year ants to those who fly into and out of gold medal to Ruth and Billy Graham. in salary if they are unable to work on this country. I wish other countries H.R. 2726. An act to make certain technical international flights on which smoking would enter into multilateral smoking- corrections in law relating to Native Ameri- ban agreements on their own so this cans, and for other purposes. is still allowed. Mr. President, in September 1992, the bill would be unnecessary. However, f International Civil Aviation Organiza- that does not seem likely. Therefore, MEASURES REFERRED tion [ICAO] passed a nonbinding resolu- this bill is needed to demonstrate the U.S. Congress’ resolve and continued The following bill was read the first tion urging governments to take the necessary steps to ban smoking on all leadership on this issue. The bill would and second times by unanimous con- create a level competitive playing field sent and referred as indicated: international flights as a safety and health measure. The resolution calls for carriers utilizing our market. And, H.R. 2567. An act to amend the Federal for the ban to be in place no later than most importantly, it would protect the Water Pollution Control Act relating to health and safety of all those who fly standards for constructed water convey- July 1, 1996. I am hopeful, but not con- fident, that the ICAO resolution will be internationally. ances; to the Committee on Environment I urge my colleagues to support this and Public Works. successful. legislation. f This past summer, ICAO released a working paper on the progress being f INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND made toward the implementation of its ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS JOINT RESOLUTIONS international smoking ban resolution. S. 877 While developing the working paper, The following bills and joint resolu- At the request of Mrs. HUTCHISON, the tions were introduced, read the first ICAO asked its more than 300 members name of the Senator from Alaska [Mr. and second time by unanimous con- to indicate their intentions with re- STEVENS] was added as a cosponsor of sent, and referred as indicated: spect to implementation of the smok- S. 877, a bill to amend section 353 of the By Mr. LAUTENBERG (for himself and ing ban. Of the 67 replies, 34 countries Public Health Service Act to exempt Mr. HARKIN): gave either no indication of their in- physician office laboratories from the S. 1524. A bill to amend title 49, United tentions or indicated they were going clinical laboratories requirements of States Code, to prohibit smoking on any to delay implementation. Another 10 that section. scheduled airline flight segment in intra- countries indicated implementation S. 1028 state, interstate, or foreign air transpor- plans were under study. Only 24 coun- At the request of Mrs. KASSEBAUM, tation; to the Committee on Commerce, tries stated that they would implement Science, and Transportation. the name of the Senator from Wis- the smoking ban. Based upon replies to consin [Mr. KOHL] was added as a co- f this questionnaire, some have esti- sponsor of S. 1028, a bill to provide in- STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED mated that just 13 percent of all ICAO creased access to health care benefits, BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS members will take the steps necessary to provide increased portability of to ban smoking on international By Mr. LAUTENBERG (for him- health care benefits, to provide in- flights. creased security of health care bene- self and Mr. HARKIN): Mr. President, from the perspective S. 1524. A bill to amend title 49, fits, to increase the purchasing power of the United States, the potentially of individuals and small employers, United States Code, to prohibit smok- low rate of participation of other coun- and for other purposes. ing on any scheduled airline flight seg- tries in an international smoking ban S. 1295 ment intrastate, interstate, or foreign should be unacceptable. The United air transportation. At the request of Mr. HELMS, the States and its carriers have repeatedly name of the Senator from Tennessee THE AIRLINER CABIN AIR QUALITY ACT OF 1996 demonstrated their support for an [Mr. THOMPSON] was added as a cospon- Mr. LAUTENBERG. Mr. President, I international smoking ban. As the re- sor of S. 1295, a bill to prohibit the reg- am introducing the Airliner Cabin Air sult of an agreement between the ulation of any tobacco products, or to- Quality Act of 1996, which would pro- United States, Canada, and Australia, bacco sponsored advertising, used or hibit smoking on international flights passengers traveling between these purchased by the National Association to and from the United States by do- countries need not suffer through a of Stock Car Automobile Racing, its mestic and foreign carriers. smoke-filled flight. agents or affiliates, or any other pro- Mr. President, more than 50,000 stud- About a year ago, the Department of fessional motor sports association by ies have established the scientific evi- Transportation provided eight U.S. car- the Secretary of Health and Human dence incriminating cigarette smoking riers with an antitrust waiver so they Services or any other instrumentality as a direct cause of death and dis- could discuss implementing a vol- of the Federal Government, and for ability. Volumes of evidence also docu- untary transatlantic smoking ban. De- other purposes. ment similar health effects as a result spite their unanimous resolve to move S. 1418 of exposure to environmental tobacco toward a smoke-free environment, the At the request of Mr. PRESSLER, the smoke. For example, in 1991, the Na- participating carriers were unable to name of the Senator from Tennessee tional Institute for Occupational Safe- reach an agreement. Many were unwill- [Mr. FRIST] was added as a cosponsor of ty and Health placed environmental to- ing to ban smoking because of percep- S. 1418, a bill to provide for the more bacco smoke in its most significant tions about competitive pressures from effective implementation of the prohi- category of human carcinogens. foreign carriers who are unwilling to bition against the payment to pris- The Environmental Protection Agen- voluntarily ban smoking. oners of supplemental security income cy estimates that environmental to- Mr. President, I have been active for benefits under title XVI of the Social bacco smoke causes some 3,000 lung many years in efforts to ensure clean Security Act or monthly benefits under cancer deaths and 12,000 other cancer cabin air for airline passengers. In 1988, title II of such Act, and to deny such deaths each year. In addition, the EPA I sponsored legislation that banned supplemental security income benefits believes that 70 percent of the lung smoking on domestic flights of 2 hours for 10 years to a person found to have cancer deaths attributable to environ- or less. This law protected approxi- fraudulently obtained such benefits mental tobacco smoke are due to expo- mately 80 percent of all domestic pas- while in prison. sures outside of the home. sengers from the documented effects of S. 1421 Environmental tobacco smoke expo- environmental tobacco smoke. In 1989, At the request of Mr. SIMON, the sure leads to coughing, chest discom- based upon the success and popularity name of the Senator from Illinois [Ms.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S347 MOSELEY-BRAUN] was added as a co- (C) by adding at the end the following new ‘‘(4) RECORDS MANAGEMENT.—Each public sponsor of S. 1421, A bill to amend the paragraph: housing agency shall establish and imple- Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to treat ‘‘(2) for national or regional organizations ment a system of records management that or consortia, including Habitat for Humanity as a zone business an otherwise quali- ensures that any criminal record received by International, that have experience in pro- the public housing agency is— fied business dissected by a census viding or facilitating self-help housing home- ‘‘(A) maintained confidentially; tract boundary line of a designated em- ownership opportunities.’’; ‘‘(B) not misused or improperly dissemi- powerment zone or enterprise commu- (2) in subsection (b)— nated; and nity. (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at ‘‘(C) destroyed, once the purpose for which the end; the record was requested has been accom- S. 1519 (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para- plished. At the request of Mr. DOLE, the graph (4); and ‘‘(5) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this sub- names of the Senator from Idaho [Mr. (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol- section, the term ‘adult’ means a person who CRAIG] and the Senator from North lowing: is 18 years of age or older, or who has been ‘‘(3) innovative homeownership opportuni- Carolina [Mr. FAIRCLOTH] were added convicted of a crime as an adult under any ties for the acquisition and rehabilitation of as cosponsors of S. 1519, a bill to pro- Federal, State, or tribal law. single family housing through the provision ‘‘(r) EVICTION FOR DRUG-RELATED ACTIV- hibit United States voluntary and as- of self-help housing, under which the home- ITY.—Any tenant evicted from housing as- sessed contributions to the United Na- owner contributes a significant amount of sisted under this title by reason of drug-re- tions if the United Nations imposes sweat equity toward the construction of the lated criminal activity (as that term is de- any tax or fee on United States persons new dwelling; and’’; and fined in section 8(f)(5)) shall not be eligible or continues to develop or promote pro- (3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting for housing assistance under this title during the following: the 3-year period beginning on the date of posals for such taxes or fees. ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized such eviction, unless the evicted tenant suc- S. 1520 to be appropriated to carry out this section cessfully completes a rehabilitation program $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, of which At the request of Mr. HELMS, the approved by the public housing agency $25,000,000 shall be made available to Habitat names of the Senator from Kansas [Mr. (which shall include a waiver of this sub- for Humanity International for activities DOLE], the Senator from Iowa [Mr. section if the circumstances leading to evic- under this section.’’. GRASSLEY], the Senator from Georgia tion no longer exist).’’. SEC. 8. THE NATIONAL CITIES IN SCHOOLS COM- (c) LIMITATION ON OCCUPANCY IN ELDERLY [Mr. COVERDELL], and the Senator from MUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. AND DISABLED HOUSING.— Illinois [Mr. SIMON] were added as co- Section 930(c) of the Housing and Commu- (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 7 of the United sponsors of S. 1520, a bill to award a nity Development Act of 1992 (Public Law States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437e) is 102–550, 106 Stat. 3887) is amended to read as congressional gold medal to Ruth and amended by adding at the end the following follows: Billy Graham. new subsection: ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized ‘‘(h) LIMITATION ON OCCUPANCY IN DES- SENATE RESOLUTION 85 to be appropriated to carry out this section IGNATED PROJECTS.— At the request of Mr. CHAFEE, the $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.’’. ‘‘(1) OCCUPANCY LIMITATION.—Notwith- name of the Senator from Wyoming SEC. 9. AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES standing any other provision of law, a dwell- [Mr. SIMPSON] was added as a cosponsor HOUSING ACT OF 1937 FOR SAFETY ing unit in a public housing project (or por- of Senate Resolution 85, a resolution to AND SECURITY IN PUBLIC AND AS- SISTED HOUSING. tion of a project) that is designated under express the sense of the Senate that ob- (a) CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND REQUIRE- subsection (a) shall not be occupied by any stetrician-gynecologists should be in- MENTS.—Section 6 of the United States Hous- person whose illegal use (or pattern of illegal cluded in Federal laws relating to the ing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437d) is amended— use) of a controlled substance or abuse (or provision of health care. (1) in subsection (k), by striking ‘‘on or pattern of abuse) of alcohol provides reason- near such premises’’ and inserting ‘‘on or off able cause for the public housing agency to f such premises’’; and believe that such occupancy could interfere AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED (2) in subsection (l)(5), by striking ‘‘on or with the health, safety, or right to peaceful near such premises’’ and inserting ‘‘on or off enjoyment of the premises by the tenants of such premises’’. the public housing project. THE HOUSING OPPORTUNITY (b) AVAILABILITY OF CRIMINAL RECORDS FOR ‘‘(2) REQUIRED STATEMENT.—A public hous- PROGRAM EXTENSION ACT OF 1995 SCREENING AND EVICTION; EVICTION FOR ing agency may not make a dwelling unit in DRUG-RELATED ACTIVITY.—Section 6 of the a public housing project (or portion of a United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. project) designated under subsection (a) 1437d) is amended by adding at the end the available for occupancy to any family, un- D’AMATO (AND OTHERS) following new subsections: less the application for occupancy by that AMENDMENT NO. 3118 ‘‘(q) AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS.— family is accompanied by a signed statement ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— Mr. LOTT (for Mr. D’AMATO, for him- that no person who will be occupying the ‘‘(A) PROVISION OF INFORMATION.—Notwith- unit illegally uses a controlled substance, or self, Mr. MACK, and Mr. BOND) proposed standing any other provision of law, except an amendment to the bill (S. 1494) to abuses alcohol, in a manner that would as provided in subparagraph (B), the Na- interfere with the health, safety, or right to provide an extension for fiscal year 1996 tional Crime Information Center, police de- peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the for certain programs administered by partments, and other law enforcement agen- tenants of the public housing project.’’. the Secretary of Housing and Urban cies shall, upon request, provide information (2) LEASE PROVISIONS.—Section 6(l) of the Development and the Secretary of Ag- to public housing agencies regarding the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. riculture, and for other purposes; as criminal conviction records of adult appli- 1437d(l)) is amended— cants for, or tenants of, public housing for follows: (A) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at purposes of applicant screening, lease en- the end; On page 2, line 5, strike ‘‘During fiscal year forcement, and eviction. (B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as para- 1996’’ and insert the following: ‘‘To the ex- ‘‘(B) EXCEPTION.—Except as provided under graph (7); and tent that amounts are made available in ad- any provision of State, tribal, or local law, (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the fol- vance in any appropriations act for contract no law enforcement agency described in sub- lowing new paragraph: renewals under section 8 of the United States paragraph (A) shall provide information ‘‘(6) provide that any occupancy in viola- Housing Act of 1937 for fiscal year 1996’’. under this paragraph relating to any crimi- tion of section 7(h)(1) or the furnishing of On page 2, line 11, insert ‘‘project-based’’ nal conviction if the date of that conviction any false or misleading information pursu- after ‘‘for’’. occurred 5 or more years prior to the date on ant to section 7(h)(2) shall be cause for ter- On page 5, between lines 7 and 8, insert the which the request for the information is mination of tenancy; and’’. following new sections: made. (d) INELIGIBILITY OF ILLEGAL DRUG USERS SEC. 7. CAPACITY BUILDING FOR COMMUNITY ‘‘(2) OPPORTUNITY TO DISPUTE.—Before an AND ALCOHOL ABUSERS FOR ASSISTED HOUS- DEVELOPMENT AND AFFORDABLE adverse action is taken with regard to assist- ING.—Section 16 of the United States Hous- HOUSING. ance under this title on the basis of a crimi- ing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437n) is amended Section 4 of the HUD Demonstration Act of nal record, the public housing agency shall by adding at the end the following new sub- 1993 (42 U.S.C. 9816 note) is amended— provide the tenant or applicant with a copy section: (1) in subsection (a)— of the criminal record and an opportunity to ‘‘(e) INELIGIBILITY OF ILLEGAL DRUG USERS (A) by striking ‘‘Initiative to develop’’ and dispute the accuracy and relevance of that AND ALCOHOL ABUSERS.— inserting the following: ‘‘Initiative— record. ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any ‘‘(1) to develop’’; ‘‘(3) FEE.—A public housing agency may be other provision of law, a public housing (B) by striking the period at the end and charged a reasonable fee for information pro- agency shall establish standards for occu- inserting ‘‘; and’’; and vided under paragraph (1). pancy in public housing dwelling units—

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S348 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 ‘‘(A) that prohibit occupancy in any such toring the Future Survey show that mari- port for saying ‘no,’ Children were being unit by any person— juana use among teenagers was up again last taught resistance skills—in short, there was ‘‘(i) who the public housing agency deter- year. Where is the public outrage over this progress.’’ mines is illegally using a controlled sub- finding? When will this country realize that Now there is silence—and not without con- stance; or as long as we don’t wake up and adopt a zero sequence. In 1994, twice the number of ‘‘(ii) if the public housing agency deter- tolerance for drug use, we are heading down eighth-graders were experimenting with mines that it has reasonable cause to believe a path of no return? Most we lose another marijuana as did in 1991, and daily use of that such person’s illegal use (or pattern of generation of children to the horrors of marijuana by high school seniors in 1994 was illegal use) of a controlled substance, or crack addiction? Must the statistics soar to up by half from 1993. The 1995 Monitoring the abuse (or pattern of abuse) of alcohol, could all-time highs before we bother to take no- Future Survey shows that daily use has interfere with the health, safety, or right to tice? made another jump. peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the Last March I was invited to testify before We should all, as citizens of this great na- tenants of the public housing project; and a congressional committee, at which time I tion, be frightened by the latest drug statis- ‘‘(B) that allow the public housing agency said: ‘‘I am not here to criticize or place tics. We should all question what they mean to terminate the tenancy in any public hous- blame, but after the great strides that we to our futures and those of our children. We ing unit of any person— made just a few years back, I’m worried that should all resolve not to be silent any longer. ‘‘(i) if the public housing agency deter- this nation is forgetting how endangered our By the latest drug statistics and the renewed mines that such person is illegally using a children are by drugs. I’m worried that for calls for legalization of marijuana, it is pain- controlled substance; or the first time in many years, tolerance for fully obvious that our ‘‘letting up’’ is going ‘‘(ii) whose illegal use of a controlled sub- drugs and the mistaken perception that ‘ev- to let down the young people of this country. stance, or whose abuse of alcohol, is deter- eryone is doing it’ is creeping back into our It’s time to just say ‘‘Whoa!’’∑ national mentality. And I am worried that mined by the public housing agency to inter- f fere with the health, safety, or right to the psychological momentum we had against peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the drug use has been lost. STUDENT LOANS AND CORPORATE tenants of the public housing project. ‘‘[Y]et it’s more than worry,’’ I pleaded. WELFARE ‘‘(2) INAPPLICABILITY TO INDIAN HOUSING.— ‘‘This weakening vigilance against the drug threat can have a tragic effect on this coun- ∑ Mr. SIMON. Mr. President, in his This subsection does not apply to any dwell- State of the Union Address, President ing unit assisted by an Indian housing au- try for many years to come. . . . How could thority.’’. we have forgotten so quickly? Why is it we Clinton made a reference to the suc- no longer hear the drumbeat of condemna- SEC. 10. ELIGIBLE HOME EQUITY CONVERSION cessful effort to streamline the college MORTGAGES. tion against drugs coming from our leaders student loan process and make repay- and our culture? Is it any wonder drug use Section 255(d)(3) of the National Housing ment easier. has started climbing again, and dramatically Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z–20(d)(3)) is amended to Some of my colleagues may be sur- so?’’ read as follows: Regarding the drug use survey, NBC News prised to learn that much of the credit ‘‘(3) be secured by a dwelling that is de- reported: ‘‘ ‘Just Say No’ was an effective for these improvements should go to a signed principally for a 1- to 4-family resi- message in the ’80s . . . in the ’90s much conservative Republican from Wis- dence in which the mortgagor occupies 1 of more will be needed.’’ Denver drug counselor consin, Representative TOM PETRI. He the units;’’. Bob Cota emphasized, ‘‘Kids have to be developed one of the earliest models for On page 5, strike line 8, and insert the fol- shown why they need to learn it early, in the lowing: a direct loan program and for income- third and fourth grades—and it has to be re- contingent repayment, and he has been SEC. 11. APPLICABILITY. peated often.’’ a consistent proponent over the years. f Repeated often—like in the ’80s when the national leadership was vigilant and visible. Earlier this month, Congressman ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS And yes, we do need even more now. In re- PETRI appealed to fellow conservatives sponse to the 1994 Monitoring the Future to help save the direct loan program, Survey, Joseph Califano Jr., chairman and which has come under attack by banks WAR ON DRUGS president of the Center on Addiction and and agencies that do not want to lose ∑ Mr. DOLE. Mr. President, last night, Substance Abuse at Columbia University their Government-guaranteed income. (CASA), warned: ‘‘If historical trends con- I urge my colleagues to read Mr. President Clinton announced his inten- tinue, the jump in marijuana use among tion to reenlist in the war against America’s children (age 12–18) from 1992 to PETRI’s article which appeared in the drugs. It is an announcement that is 1994 signals that 820,000 more of these chil- Washington Times on January 9. I ask long overdue. dren will try cocaine in their lifetime. Of that the article be printed in the For 3 years, the Clinton administra- that number, about 58,000 will become reg- RECORD. tion has failed to provide any leader- ular cocaine users and addicts.’’ In a 1995 The article follows: ship in this battle. And one of the re- survey by CASA, adolescents said that drugs STUDENT LOANS: DIRECT LENDING VS. SPECIAL were their ‘‘number one’’ problem. Our chil- sults has been a dramatic increase in PLEAS dren are crying out for help. drug use among America’s youth. While drug use is on the rise, the perceived (By Thomas E. Petri) One of the most eloquent and effec- risk of drug use is on decline. The two go How’s this for a switch? The Clinton ad- tive soldiers in the war against drugs is hand in hand. Only a few short years ago, the ministration stands firm for private enter- former First Lady Nancy Reagan. constant message to young people—in the prise and competition, against Republican Throughout the 1980’s Mrs. Reagan de- media, in their classrooms, and in their attempts to stomp out a successful compet- voted her tremendous energy to lead- homes—was that drugs lead to destruction. itor and perpetuate an inefficient monopoly. ing the ‘‘Just Say No’’ campaign—a But where are those messages today? Those That’s exactly what’s occurring in the on- going student loan debate. Administration campaign that is credited with dra- messages, those lessons, are what change perceptions, change attitudes, change lives. officials accuse congressional Republicans of matically lowering this Nation’s toler- Each of us has a responsibility to bring back caving in to loan-industry lobbyists by evis- ance and use of illegal drugs. those messages—loud and clear. cerating the Direct Student Loan program. Like countless other concerned citi- Before the drug-use increases of the past And on this issue, the administration actu- zens, Mrs. Reagan is concerned with three years, we really had seen marked ally occupies the conservative high ground. the recent increase in drug use. And a progress. As I told the members of the com- The loan industry (banks, secondary mar- column she wrote in yesterday’s Wall mittee: ‘‘A decade of effort was beginning to kets and guaranty agencies) wants to protect Street Journal should be required read- pay off. Attitudes were being changed. I its lucrative, fraud-infested, no-risk student don’t mean to sit here and say that we had loan program from any meaningful competi- ing for all Americans. won the battle against drugs. I think it’s tion. It’s losing in the marketplace; so it I salute Mrs. Reagan for her commit- plain we had not.’’ However, between 1985 mounted a multi-million-dollar lobbying ment to this most important issue, and and 1992, monthly cocaine use declined 78%, campaign this year to persuade Congress to I ask that her column be printed in the or to an annual rate of 3.1% from its peak of eliminate direct student loans. RECORD. 13.1% in 1985. It’s the same story with other By casting the debate in simple, ideolog- The column follows: numbers: Annual use of any illicit drug by ical terms, the loan lobbyists have won some high school seniors dropped to 27.1% in 1992 allies. they’ve equated the Department of JUST SAY ‘‘WHOA’’ from 54.2% in 1979. ‘‘The battle was going for- Education’s Direct Student Loan (DSL) pro- (By Nancy Reagan) ward one child at a time,’’ I said in March. gram with Big Government—and they’ve Statistics released last fall from the an- ‘‘There was momentum, unity, intolerance of successfully portrayed it as a Clinton initia- nual Household Survey of Drug Use and, the exaggeration and glorification of drug tive. That guarantees enmity from conserv- more recently, from the 21st annual Moni- use by the media—we were building peer sup- ative Republicans.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S349 Unfortunately, it’s a hoax. One creator of In general, it’s inconceivable that a sim- tance for individuals suffering from a the DSL program was a Republican with pler program based on competitive bidding mental illness or disability. Through solid fiscal conservative credentials—me. It could be more expensive than a vastly more my efforts in this area, I have become was developed not by the reviled liberal Clin- complex one based on politically negotiated ton, but by the Bush administration. entitlements. Especially when the complex familiar with the vast spectrum of And there is far more free enterprise in one actually encourages defaults—because these disorders, and I have found that DSL—and less bureaucracy—than in the guaranty agencies get to keep 27 cents of we as a society have much to learn bloated Guaranteed Student Loan (GSL) pro- every dollar they collect after a default and about both the causes and cures for gram. I dislike the term ‘‘corporate welfare,’’ their costs for those collections average only these illnesses. Knowledge of the med- but if any program deserves that title, it’s 13 cents on the dollar. ical conditions underpinning these dis- guaranteed student loans. Some Republicans believe that if President Here are conservative principles I believe Clinton supports a program, that program orders has only recently begun to make in: substituting market forces for political must be opposed. Right now, Mr. Clinton is progress by leaps and bounds, and I forces; simplifying programs and cutting bu- telling the American people that the GOP fear that public awareness and knowl- reaucracy; saving taxpayers money. Congress is trying to shut down a conserv- edge has not grown in step. Because so- On all counts, killing the DSL program ative reform effort, which is good for both ciety is still unfamiliar with these ad- goes in the wrong direction. students and schools, in order to keep the vances, an aura of fear and suspicion All major functions under DSL are run gravy flowing to powerful special interests. through private sector services under com- In this case, the president is right.∑ persists with regard to any one of the illnesses or disorders which afflict so petitively bid contracts. This competition is f bringing down the cost of those contracts via many Americans. It is because of this market forces. DAPCEP widespread lack of knowledge and un- Under the guaranteed student loan pro- ∑ Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, the De- derstanding that I add my support in gram, all payment levels are determined po- troit Area Pre-College Engineering recognition of the National Autism So- litically by Congress—not by the free mar- ciety’s designation of January as ‘‘Na- ket. Here’s just one example of the resulting Program, Inc. [DAPCEP], is cele- built-in profits: While the student is in brating its 20th anniversary in this tional Autism Awareness Month.’’ school or during the six-month grace period year. The organization was founded in Autism is a neurological disorder following school (a period averaging 2.5 years 1976 with a grant from the Alfred P. that interrupts the brain’s ability to for each loan), the lender does nothing but Sloan Foundation. DAPCEP’s mission process and understand information. collect interest directly from the govern- is ‘‘to increase the number of minority Nearly 400,000 Americans suffer from ment at 2.5 percent above the Treasury-bill students who are motivated and aca- this disorder, making it more prevalent rate on paper that’s as good as a Treasury demically prepared to choose careers in than Down’s syndrome or muscular bill. It’s a system of political entitlements, science, engineering and technical and any conservative ought to prefer the dystrophy. competitive bidding system under direct fields.’’ Autism is a complex, spectrum dis- loans. In its first year, 245 students took order that manifests itself in many The Education Department says it can DAPCEP enrichment courses offered ways. Symptoms and characteristics manage all direct loans with only 400 em- through 1 high school and 2 univer- present themselves in a variety of com- ployees. All important business functions— sities. Today, the organization serves binations, and no two children or loan origination, servicing, debt collection— more than 5,000 sixth through twelfth adults are affected in the same way. are handled by private firms, with Education graders each year, through a collabora- Autism is not curable, but it is treat- Department supervision. tion with 8 universities, 64 Detroit pub- But overseeing 7,100 guaranteed bank lend- able. Many types of treatments have ers takes 525 Education Department employ- lic middle schools and high schools, 30 proven effective in combating this dis- ees and another 5,000 employees in 41 feder- local corporations, and an active par- order, and improvements are being dis- ally subsidized guaranty agencies. It’s a bu- ent group. DAPCEP also receives fund- covered every day. reaucratic nightmare. ing from the National Science Founda- A generation ago, nearly 90 percent Congress can easily oversee the direct pro- tion, the State of Michigan, and the of those suffering from autism were gram because it involves relatively few con- city of Detroit. Current DAPCEP pro- tractors, all of whom have have incentives to placed in an institution. Today, group grams include an in-school component homes, assisted living arrangements, do a good job in order to win additional con- with hands-on research, experiments tracts. and home care are much more com- But there’s little supervision of the guar- and science fairs; Saturday morning mon. Thanks to the Individuals With anteed program’s guaranty agencies. Con- classes; and summer enrichment pro- Disabilities Education Act, many chil- gress isn’t looking over their shoulders be- grams. DAPCEP also offers mentoring, dren with autism receive appropriate cause they’re not federal entities. State leg- tutoring, summer jobs, scholarships, education and go on to become contrib- islatures aren’t interested because the guar- and teacher training. uting members of the work force. anty agencies aren’t state-funded. And they DAPCEP was featured on the NBC In April 1995, in response to direction have no stockholders to answer to. ‘‘Nightly News’’ in April 1995 in a story from Congress, the National Institutes Unsurprisingly, the result is abuse. highlighting successful extracurricular In one case, a guaranty agency’s chief ex- of Health [NIH] held a State-of-the- enrichment programs. DAPCEP stu- ecutive officer earns $700,000 a year plus un- Sciences Conference on Autism. Con- told benefits. Some 15 other employees in the dents captured 62 percent of the top awards given at the 1995 Metropolitan ference participants included sci- same agency earn more than the U.S. sec- entists, clinicians, and parents. The retary of education. In another, board mem- Detroit Science and Engineering Fair, bers set up a for-profit corporation to pro- one of the largest and most successful conference highlighted how far we have vide services to the guaranty agency that fairs in the Nation. Recognized nation- come in diagnosing and treating au- they controlled. More taxpayer money goes ally as a model for pre-college pro- tism, but also illuminated how far we largely unchecked in these agencies for plat- grams, DAPCEP was named by Crain’s have yet to go. National Autism Month inum parachutes, perks, lavish pensions, ex- Detroit Business as the 1995 Best-Man- is designed to bring attention to these ecutive cadillacs and dining rooms and re- aged Nonprofit for nonprofits having issues, and seeks to further the Na- treats at posh resorts. tion’s understanding of this com- Little wonder the lending moguls want to budgets larger than $2.5 million. kill direct lending. Their cause is helped by Through working to further the plicated and debilitating disorder. I various scoring errors (including some they study of science and engineering for fully support the National Autism So- lobbied for) that make direct lending look all, DAPCEP has made a great con- ciety’s designation of January as ‘‘Na- more expensive than guaranteed. The worse tribution to our local community and tional Autism Awareness Month,’’ I is the assumption of a high long-term inter- our country as a whole. I know that my share their goal of teaching America est rate as the cost of the federal funds used Senate colleagues join me in congratu- more about this disorder, and I wel- to make the direct loan. That would be ap- lating the Detroit Area Pre-College En- come my colleagues’ support as well.∑ propriate if the interest rate that student gineering Program on its 20th anniver- borrowers paid were fixed, but it’s not. It’s f sary.∑ variable, based on 91-day Treasury bills; so ORDER OF BUSINESS these loans do not carry the kind of interest- f Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, I rate risk that a long-term rate discounts. In- AUTISM AWARENESS MONTH deed, no private bank treats variable-rate suggest the absence of a quorum. loans the way the Congressional Budget Of- ∑ Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I have The PRESIDING OFFICER. The fice treats direct student loans. long been active in issues of impor- clerk will call the roll.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S350 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 The assistant legislative clerk pro- tunity to develop a dialog and result- ments, and only in the United States. I ceeded to call the roll. ing meaningful policy that will pre- urge HUD to develop flexible require- Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- serve this valuable housing resource as ments for Habitat for Humanity’s par- imous consent that the order for the low-income housing at a reasonable ticipation in NCDI with deference to quorum call be rescinded. cost to the Federal Government. the underlying vision of homeowner The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Second, the legislation would extend contribution to the construction of objection, it is so ordered. the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage their home. f Program through fiscal year 1996, in- This manager’s amendment also creasing the maximum number of units would provide clear statutory guidance HOUSING OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM eligible for insurance from 25,000 to to empower PHAs and assisted prop- EXTENSION ACT OF 1995 30,000. This program is designed to erty owners with the tools to screen Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- allow the elderly to tap the accumu- out and evict from public and assisted imous consent that the Banking Com- lated equity in their homes for needed housing persons who illegally use drugs mittee be immediately discharged from expenses without the risk of losing the or whose abuse of alcohol is a risk to further consideration of S. 1494, and housing as a principal residence. This other tenants. I cannot emphasize that the Senate proceed to its imme- is a successful program that is growing enough the need to take the bull by the diate consideration. in popularity among the elderly popu- horns and provide real solutions to the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without lation as an option to assist in pro- problems created by alcohol abuse and objection, it is so ordered. viding continuing independence, both illegal drug use in federally assisted The clerk will report. financially and through the continuing housing. The assistant legislative clerk read use of their homes as a principal resi- Mr. President, this legislation is bi- as follows: dent. partisan, simple, straightforward and A bill (S. 1494) to provide an extension for Third, the legislation would extend necessary. I strongly urge my col- fiscal year 1996 for certain programs admin- the home ownership program under the leagues to support this legislation. istered by the Secretary of Housing and CDBG Program as a continuing eligible AMENDMENT NO. 3118 Urban Development and the Secretary of Ag- activity through fiscal year 1996. This riculture, and for other purposes. (Purpose: To make a series of amendments) program is widely supported by a num- Mr. LOTT. I understand that there is There being no objection, the Senate ber of communities throughout the Na- a managers’ amendment at the desk in proceeded to consider the bill. tion which use the program as an addi- behalf of Senators D’AMATO, MACK, and Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I urge sup- tional resource to expand homeowner- BAUCUS. port for the Housing Opportunity Pro- ship opportunities. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The gram Extenders Act of 1995. This legis- Finally, the bill would extend the clerk will report. lation is designed to provide HUD and FmHA’s section 515 rural multifamily The assistant legislative clerk read Farmers Home with authority to con- program for fiscal year 1996. Currently, as follows: tinue certain housing programs which the fiscal year 1996 Agriculture appro- The Senator from Mississippi [Mr. LOTT] are strongly supported by the Amer- priations has limited the section 515 for Mr. D’AMATO, for himself, Mr. MACK, and ican public. funding for fiscal year 1996 to rehabili- Mr. BAUCUS, proposes an amendment num- Most importantly, similar to the VA/ tation. However, there is a significant bered 3118. HUD fiscal year 1996 appropriations number of section 515 projects in the Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- bill, this bill would require HUD to development pipeline. Section 515 imous consent that the reading of the renew expiring section 8 project-based projects are, in many cases, the only amendment be dispensed with. contracts for fiscal year 1996 for 1 year available and affordable low-income The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without at current rents. There are some 900,000 housing in rural areas. While there has objection, it is so ordered. FHA-insured units with section 8 been substantial criticism leveled at The amendment is as follows: project-based assistance expiring over abuses in the section 515 program, On page 2, line 5, strike ‘‘During fiscal year the next 10 years. Many of these sec- FmHA has addressed a number of the 1996’’ and insert the following: ‘‘To the ex- tion 8 contracts are oversubsidized failings in the program and the Bank- tent that amounts are made available in ad- under existing contracts and fiscal re- ing Committee has pledged to review vance in any appropriations act for contract sponsibility requires that Congress closely the section 515 program and ad- renewals under section 8 of the United States contain the spiraling costs associated dress any concerns as part of a major Housing Act of 1937 for fiscal year 1996’’. with this inventory. Moreover, under a On page 2, line 11, insert ‘‘project-based’’ housing and community development after ‘‘for’’. recent HUD legal opinion, HUD may overhaul and reform bill. On page 5, between lines 7 and 8, insert the renew these expiring section 8 project- In addition, a manager’s amendment following new sections: based contracts at the market rent to this bill legislation would incor- SEC. 7. CAPACITY BUILDING FOR COMMUNITY with some exceptions for contract porate Habitat for Humanity as an eli- DEVELOPMENT AND AFFORDABLE rents up to 120 percent of the market gible organization under the National HOUSING. rents; this means that these section 8 Community Development Initiative Section 4 of the HUD Demonstration Act of projects will begin to default and face 1993 (42 U.S.C. 9816 note) is amended— [NCDI]. Habitat for Humanity is one of (1) in subsection (a)— foreclosure by HUD during fiscal year the best models in this country for the (A) by striking ‘‘Initiative to develop’’ and 1996. development of affordable low-income inserting the following: ‘‘Initiative— I believe it is critical that Congress housing. The foundation of this pro- ‘‘(1) to develop’’; reform and adjust the costs, including gram is sweat equity, where a potential (B) by striking the period at the end and section 8 costs, of this assisted housing homeowner must contribute their own inserting ‘‘; and’’; and to the existing market rents. However, labor and hard work to the construc- (C) by adding at the end the following new in doing so, we must balance the cost tion of their home and the homes of paragraph: of the expiring section 8 contracts with ‘‘(2) for national or regional organizations others. In this way, participating fami- or consortia, including Habitat for Humanity the cost of foreclosure of these projects lies develop a tangible bond with their International, that have experience in pro- to the FHA insurance fund, as well as homes combined with a strong interest viding or facilitating self-help housing home- the significant social policy of the pos- in maintaining them. Since 1976, Habi- ownership opportunities.’’; sible displacement of low-income hous- tat has constructed over 40,000 homes (2) in subsection (b)— ing residents and the disinvestment by worldwide, in every U.S. State and in (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at project owners in these projects which 45 other countries. As a consequence, the end; could result in significant deteriora- some 250,000 people are living in decent, (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para- tion of this valuable housing stock. graph (4); and safe and affordable housing. (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol- Like the VA/HUD fiscal year 1996 ap- Under this program, Habitat for Hu- lowing: propriations bill, renewing these sec- manity would receive a $25 million au- ‘‘(3) innovative homeownership opportuni- tion 8 contracts for 1 year will provide thorization to assist in the acquisition ties for the acquisition and rehabilitation of the Banking Committee with an oppor- of land or infrastructure improve- single family housing through the provision

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S351

of self-help housing, under which the home- ‘‘(r) EVICTION FOR DRUG-RELATED ACTIV- ‘‘(B) that allow the public housing agency owner contributes a significant amount of ITY.—Any tenant evicted from housing as- to terminate the tenancy in any public hous- sweat equity toward the construction of the sisted under this title by reason of drug-re- ing unit of any person— new dwelling; and’’; and lated criminal activity (as that term is de- ‘‘(i) if the public housing agency deter- (3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting fined in section 8(f)(5)) shall not be eligible mines that such person is illegally using a the following: for housing assistance under this title during controlled substance; or ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized the 3-year period beginning on the date of ‘‘(ii) whose illegal use of a controlled sub- to be appropriated to carry out this section such eviction, unless the evicted tenant suc- stance, or whose abuse of alcohol, is deter- $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, of which cessfully completes a rehabilitation program mined by the public housing agency to inter- $25,000,000 shall be made available to Habitat approved by the public housing agency fere with the health, safety, or right to for Humanity International for activities (which shall include a waiver of this sub- peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the under this section.’’. section if the circumstances leading to evic- tenants of the public housing project. SEC. 8. THE NATIONAL CITIES IN SCHOOLS COM- tion no longer exist).’’. ‘‘(2) INAPPLICABILITY TO INDIAN HOUSING.— MUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. This subsection does not apply to any dwell- Section 930(c) of the Housing and Commu- (c) LIMITATION ON OCCUPANCY IN ELDERLY AND DISABLED HOUSING.— ing unit assisted by an Indian housing au- nity Development Act of 1992 (Public Law thority.’’. 102–550, 106 Stat. 3887) is amended to read as (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 7 of the United follows: States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437e) is SEC. 10. ELIGIBLE HOME EQUITY CONVERSION MORTGAGES. ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized amended by adding at the end the following Section 255(d)(3) of the National Housing to be appropriated to carry out this section new subsection: $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.’’. Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z–20(d)(3)) is amended to ‘‘(h) LIMITATION ON OCCUPANCY IN DES- read as follows: SEC. 9. AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES IGNATED PROJECTS.— HOUSING ACT OF 1937 FOR SAFETY ‘‘(3) be secured by a dwelling that is de- ‘‘(1) OCCUPANCY LIMITATION.—Notwith- signed principally for a 1- to 4-family resi- AND SECURITY IN PUBLIC AND AS- standing any other provision of law, a dwell- SISTED HOUSING. dence in which the mortgagor occupies 1 of ing unit in a public housing project (or por- (a) CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND REQUIRE- the units;’’. tion of a project) that is designated under MENTS.—Section 6 of the United States Hous- On page 5, strike line 8, and insert the fol- ing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437d) is amended— subsection (a) shall not be occupied by any lowing: (1) in subsection (k), by striking ‘‘on or person whose illegal use (or pattern of illegal SEC. 11. APPLICABILITY. near such premises’’ and inserting ‘‘on or off use) of a controlled substance or abuse (or pattern of abuse) of alcohol provides reason- Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- such premises’’; and imous consent that the amendment be (2) in subsection (l)(5), by striking ‘‘on or able cause for the public housing agency to near such premises’’ and inserting ‘‘on or off believe that such occupancy could interfere agreed to, the bill be deemed read for a such premises’’. with the health, safety, or right to peaceful third time and passed, the motion to (b) AVAILABILITY OF CRIMINAL RECORDS FOR enjoyment of the premises by the tenants of reconsider be laid upon the table, and SCREENING AND EVICTION; EVICTION FOR the public housing project. that any statements relating to the DRUG-RELATED ACTIVITY.—Section 6 of the ‘‘(2) REQUIRED STATEMENT.—A public hous- bill be placed at the appropriate place ing agency may not make a dwelling unit in United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. in the RECORD. a public housing project (or portion of a 1437d) is amended by adding at the end the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without following new subsections: project) designated under subsection (a) ‘‘(q) AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS.— available for occupancy to any family, un- objection, it is so ordered. ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— less the application for occupancy by that The amendment (No. 3118) was agreed ‘‘(A) PROVISION OF INFORMATION.—Notwith- family is accompanied by a signed statement to. standing any other provision of law, except that no person who will be occupying the The bill (S. 1494), as amended, was as provided in subparagraph (B), the Na- unit illegally uses a controlled substance, or deemed read a third time, and passed, tional Crime Information Center, police de- abuses alcohol, in a manner that would as follows: partments, and other law enforcement agen- interfere with the health, safety, or right to S. 1494 cies shall, upon request, provide information peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the Be it enacted by the Senate and House of to public housing agencies regarding the tenants of the public housing project.’’. Representatives of the United States of America criminal conviction records of adult appli- (2) LEASE PROVISIONS.—Section 6(l) of the in Congress assembled, cants for, or tenants of, public housing for United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. purposes of applicant screening, lease en- 1437d(l)) is amended— SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; DEFINITION. forcement, and eviction. (A) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as ‘‘(B) EXCEPTION.—Except as provided under the end; the ‘‘Housing Opportunity Program Exten- any provision of State, tribal, or local law, (B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as para- sion Act of 1995’’. (b) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this Act, no law enforcement agency described in sub- graph (7); and the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary paragraph (A) shall provide information (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the fol- of Housing and Urban Development. under this paragraph relating to any crimi- lowing new paragraph: nal conviction if the date of that conviction ‘‘(6) provide that any occupancy in viola- SEC. 2. SECTION 8 CONTRACT RENEWALS. occurred 5 or more years prior to the date on tion of section 7(h)(1) or the furnishing of (a) IN GENERAL.—To the extent that which the request for the information is any false or misleading information pursu- amounts are made available in advance in made. ant to section 7(h)(2) shall be cause for ter- any appropriations Act for contract renewals ‘‘(2) OPPORTUNITY TO DISPUTE.—Before an mination of tenancy; and’’. under section 8 of the United States Housing adverse action is taken with regard to assist- Act of 1937 for fiscal year 1996, with respect ance under this title on the basis of a crimi- (d) INELIGIBILITY OF ILLEGAL DRUG USERS to any project that is determined by the Sec- nal record, the public housing agency shall AND ALCOHOL ABUSERS FOR ASSISTED HOUS- retary to meet housing quality standards provide the tenant or applicant with a copy ING.—Section 16 of the United States Hous- under the United States Housing Act of 1937 of the criminal record and an opportunity to ing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437n) is amended and to be otherwise in compliance with that dispute the accuracy and relevance of that by adding at the end the following new sub- Act, at the request of the owner of the record. section: project, the Secretary shall renew, for a pe- ‘‘(3) FEE.—A public housing agency may be ‘‘(e) INELIGIBILITY OF ILLEGAL DRUG USERS riod of 1 year, any contract for project-based charged a reasonable fee for information pro- AND ALCOHOL ABUSERS.— assistance under section 8 of the United vided under paragraph (1). ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any States Housing Act of 1937 that expires or ‘‘(4) RECORDS MANAGEMENT.—Each public other provision of law, a public housing terminates during fiscal year 1996, at current housing agency shall establish and imple- agency shall establish standards for occu- rent levels under the expiring or terminating ment a system of records management that pancy in public housing dwelling units— contract. ensures that any criminal record received by ‘‘(A) that prohibit occupancy in any such (b) AMENDMENTS TO THE NATIONAL HOUSING the public housing agency is— unit by any person— ACT.—Section 236(f) of the National Housing ‘‘(A) maintained confidentially; ‘‘(i) who the public housing agency deter- Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z–1(f)) is amended— ‘‘(B) not misused or improperly dissemi- mines is illegally using a controlled sub- (1) in paragraph (1), by striking the second nated; and stance; or sentence and inserting the following: ‘‘The ‘‘(C) destroyed, once the purpose for which ‘‘(ii) if the public housing agency deter- rental charge for each dwelling unit shall be the record was requested has been accom- mines that it has reasonable cause to believe at the basic rental charge, or such greater plished. that such person’s illegal use (or pattern of amount, not to exceed the lesser of (i) the ‘‘(5) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this sub- illegal use) of a controlled substance, or fair market rental charge determined pursu- section, the term ‘adult’ means a person who abuse (or pattern of abuse) of alcohol, could ant to this paragraph, or (ii) the fair market is 18 years of age or older, or who has been interfere with the health, safety, or right to rental established under section 8(c) of the convicted of a crime as an adult under any peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the United States Housing Act of 1937 for exist- Federal, State, or tribal law. tenants of the public housing project; and ing housing in the market area in which the

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S352 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996 housing is located, as represents 30 percent (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as para- ‘‘(C) destroyed, once the purpose for which of the tenant’s adjusted income.’’; and graph (4); and the record was requested has been accom- (2) by striking paragraph (6). (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the fol- plished. SEC. 3. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK lowing: ‘‘(5) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this sub- GRANT ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES. ‘‘(3) innovative homeownership opportuni- section, the term ‘adult’ means a person who Notwithstanding the amendments made by ties for the acquisition and rehabilitation of is 18 years of age or older, or who has been section 907(b)(2) of the Cranston-Gonzalez single family housing through the provision convicted of a crime as an adult under any National Affordable Housing Act, section of self-help housing, under which the home- Federal, State, or tribal law. 105(a)(25) of the Housing and Community De- owner contributes a significant amount of ‘‘(r) EVICTION FOR DRUG-RELATED ACTIV- velopment Act of 1974, as in existence on sweat equity toward the construction of the ITY.—Any tenant evicted from housing as- September 30, 1995, shall apply to the use of new dwelling; and’’; and sisted under this title by reason of drug-re- assistance made available under title I of the (3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting lated criminal activity (as that term is de- Housing and Community Development Act of the following: fined in section 8(f)(5)) shall not be eligible 1974 during fiscal year 1996. ‘‘(e) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized for housing assistance under this title during the 3-year period beginning on the date of SEC. 4. EXTENSION OF RURAL HOUSING PRO- to be appropriated to carry out this section GRAMS. $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, of which such eviction, unless the evicted tenant suc- cessfully completes a rehabilitation program (a) UNDERSERVED AREAS SET-ASIDE.—Sec- $25,000,000 shall be made available to Habitat tion 509(f)(4)(A) of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 for Humanity International for activities approved by the public housing agency U.S.C. 1479(f)(4)(A)) is amended— under this section.’’. (which shall include a waiver of this sub- (1) in the first sentence, by striking ‘‘fiscal SEC. 8. THE NATIONAL CITIES IN SCHOOLS COM- section if the circumstances leading to evic- tion no longer exist).’’. years 1993 and 1994’’ and inserting ‘‘fiscal MUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM. (c) LIMITATION ON OCCUPANCY IN ELDERLY year 1996’’; and Section 930(c) of the Housing and Commu- AND DISABLED HOUSING.— (2) in the second sentence, by striking nity Development Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–550, 106 Stat. 3887) is amended to read as (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 7 of the United ‘‘each’’. States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437e) is (b) RURAL MULTIFAMILY RENTAL HOUSING.— follows: ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized amended by adding at the end the following Section 515(b)(4) of the Housing Act of 1949 to be appropriated to carry out this section new subsection: (42 U.S.C. 1485(b)(4)) is amended by striking $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.’’. ‘‘(h) LIMITATION ON OCCUPANCY IN DES- ‘‘September 30, 1994’’ and inserting ‘‘Sep- IGNATED PROJECTS.— tember 30, 1996’’. SEC. 9. AMENDMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES HOUSING ACT OF 1937 FOR SAFETY ‘‘(1) OCCUPANCY LIMITATION.—Notwith- (c) RURAL RENTAL HOUSING FUNDS FOR AND SECURITY IN PUBLIC AND AS- standing any other provision of law, a dwell- NONPROFIT ENTITIES.—The first sentence of SISTED HOUSING. ing unit in a public housing project (or por- section 515(w)(1) of the Housing Act of 1949 (a) CONTRACT PROVISIONS AND REQUIRE- tion of a project) that is designated under (42 U.S.C. 1485(w)(1)) is amended by striking MENTS.—Section 6 of the United States Hous- subsection (a) shall not be occupied by any ‘‘fiscal years 1993 and 1994’’ and inserting ing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437d) is amended— person whose illegal use (or pattern of illegal ‘‘fiscal year 1996’’. (1) in subsection (k), by striking ‘‘on or use) of a controlled substance or abuse (or SEC. 5. EXTENSION OF FHA MORTGAGE INSUR- near such premises’’ and inserting ‘‘on or off pattern of abuse) of alcohol provides reason- ANCE PROGRAM FOR HOME EQUITY such premises’’; and able cause for the public housing agency to CONVERSION MORTGAGES. (2) in subsection (l)(5), by striking ‘‘on or believe that such occupancy could interfere (a) EXTENSION OF PROGRAM.—The first sen- near such premises’’ and inserting ‘‘on or off with the health, safety, or right to peaceful tence of section 255(g) of the National Hous- such premises’’. enjoyment of the premises by the tenants of ing Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z–20(g)) is amended by (b) AVAILABILITY OF CRIMINAL RECORDS FOR the public housing project. striking ‘‘September 30, 1995’’ and inserting SCREENING AND EVICTION; EVICTION FOR ‘‘(2) REQUIRED STATEMENT.—A public hous- ‘‘September 30, 1996’’. DRUG-RELATED ACTIVITY.—Section 6 of the ing agency may not make a dwelling unit in (b) LIMITATION ON NUMBER OF MORT- United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. a public housing project (or portion of a GAGES.—The second sentence of section 1437d) is amended by adding at the end the project) designated under subsection (a) 255(g) of the National Housing Act (12 U.S.C. following new subsections: available for occupancy to any family, un- 1715z–20(g)) is amended by striking ‘‘25,000’’ ‘‘(q) AVAILABILITY OF RECORDS.— less the application for occupancy by that and inserting ‘‘30,000’’. ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.— family is accompanied by a signed statement SEC. 6. EXTENSION OF MULTIFAMILY HOUSING ‘‘(A) PROVISION OF INFORMATION.—Notwith- that no person who will be occupying the FINANCE PROGRAMS. standing any other provision of law, except unit illegally uses a controlled substance, or (a) RISK-SHARING PILOT PROGRAM.—The as provided in subparagraph (B), the Na- abuses alcohol, in a manner that would first sentence of section 542(b)(5) of the Hous- tional Crime Information Center, police de- interfere with the health, safety, or right to ing and Community Development Act of 1992 partments, and other law enforcement agen- peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the (12 U.S.C. 1707 note) is amended by striking cies shall, upon request, provide information tenants of the public housing project.’’. ‘‘on not more than 15,000 units over fiscal to public housing agencies regarding the (2) LEASE PROVISIONS.—Section 6(l) of the years 1993 and 1994’’ and inserting ‘‘on not criminal conviction records of adult appli- United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. more than 7,500 units during fiscal year cants for, or tenants of, public housing for 1437d(l)) is amended— 1996’’. purposes of applicant screening, lease en- (A) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘and’’ at (b) HOUSING FINANCE AGENCY PILOT PRO- forcement, and eviction. the end; GRAM.—The first sentence of section 542(c)(4) ‘‘(B) EXCEPTION.—Except as provided under (B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as para- of the Housing and Community Development any provision of State, tribal, or local law, graph (7); and Act of 1992 (12 U.S.C. 1707 note) is amended no law enforcement agency described in sub- (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the fol- by striking ‘‘on not to exceed 30,000 units paragraph (A) shall provide information lowing new paragraph: over fiscal years 1993, 1994, and 1995’’ and in- under this paragraph relating to any crimi- ‘‘(6) provide that any occupancy in viola- serting ‘‘on not more than 10,000 units during nal conviction if the date of that conviction tion of section 7(h)(1) or the furnishing of fiscal year 1996’’. occurred 5 or more years prior to the date on any false or misleading information pursu- SEC. 7. CAPACITY BUILDING FOR COMMUNITY which the request for the information is ant to section 7(h)(2) shall be cause for ter- DEVELOPMENT AND AFFORDABLE made. mination of tenancy; and’’. HOUSING. ‘‘(2) OPPORTUNITY TO DISPUTE.—Before an (d) INELIGIBILITY OF ILLEGAL DRUG USERS Section 4 of the HUD Demonstration Act of adverse action is taken with regard to assist- AND ALCOHOL ABUSERS FOR ASSISTED HOUS- 1993 (42 U.S.C. 9816 note) is amended— ance under this title on the basis of a crimi- ING.—Section 16 of the United States Hous- (1) in subsection (a)— nal record, the public housing agency shall ing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437n) is amended (A) by striking ‘‘Initiative to develop’’ and provide the tenant or applicant with a copy by adding at the end the following new sub- inserting the following: ‘‘Initiative— of the criminal record and an opportunity to section: ‘‘(1) to develop’’; dispute the accuracy and relevance of that ‘‘(e) INELIGIBILITY OF ILLEGAL DRUG USERS (B) by striking the period at the end and record. AND ALCOHOL ABUSERS.— inserting ‘‘; and’’; and ‘‘(3) FEE.—A public housing agency may be ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any (C) by adding at the end the following new charged a reasonable fee for information pro- other provision of law, a public housing paragraph: vided under paragraph (1). agency shall establish standards for occu- ‘‘(2) for national or regional organizations ‘‘(4) RECORDS MANAGEMENT.—Each public pancy in public housing dwelling units— or consortia, including Habitat for Humanity housing agency shall establish and imple- ‘‘(A) that prohibit occupancy in any such International, that have experience in pro- ment a system of records management that unit by any person— viding or facilitating self-help housing home- ensures that any criminal record received by ‘‘(i) who the public housing agency deter- ownership opportunities.’’; the public housing agency is— mines is illegally using a controlled sub- (2) in subsection (b)— ‘‘(A) maintained confidentially; stance; or (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at ‘‘(B) not misused or improperly dissemi- ‘‘(ii) if the public housing agency deter- the end; nated; and mines that it has reasonable cause to believe

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S353 that such person’s illegal use (or pattern of row’s session. The Senate will then ad- THE DEPUTY JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL OF THE illegal use) of a controlled substance, or journ over until noon on Friday. Dur- U.S. AIR FORCE abuse (or pattern of abuse) of alcohol, could ing Friday’s session, rollcall votes To be major general interfere with the health, safety, or right to could occur on a continuing resolution, BRIG. GEN. ANDREW M. EGELAND, JR., 000–00–0000. peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the tenants of the public housing project; and the Department of Defense authoriza- THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT tion conference report or the START II TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL WHILE AS- ‘‘(B) that allow the public housing agency SIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND RESPONSI- to terminate the tenancy in any public hous- Treaty. All Members will be notified of BILITY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION ing unit of any person— any scheduled rollcall votes during Fri- 601: ‘‘(i) if the public housing agency deter- day’s session, if there are to be any, as To be lieutenant general mines that such person is illegally using a soon as possible. MAJ. GEN. PHILLIP J. FORD, 000–00–0000, U.S. AIR FORCE. controlled substance; or THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR REAPPOINT- ‘‘(ii) whose illegal use of a controlled sub- f MENT TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL WHILE stance, or whose abuse of alcohol, is deter- ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND RESPON- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL TOMORROW SIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SEC- mined by the public housing agency to inter- TION 601: fere with the health, safety, or right to Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, if there be To be lieutenant general peaceful enjoyment of the premises by the no further business to come before the tenants of the public housing project. LT. GEN. KENNETH A. MINIHAN, 000–00–0000, U.S. AIR Senate, I move then that the Senate FORCE. ‘‘(2) INAPPLICABILITY TO INDIAN HOUSING.— adjourn under the previous order. This subsection does not apply to any dwell- THE FOLLOWING OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE The motion was agreed to, and the RESERVE OF THE AIR FORCE, TO THE GRADE INDICATED, ing unit assisted by an Indian housing au- Senate, at 6 p.m., adjourned until UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE 10, UNITED STATES thority.’’. CODE, SECTIONS 8373, 12004, AND 12203: Thursday, January 25, 1996, at 12 noon. SEC. 10. ELIGIBLE HOME EQUITY CONVERSION To be major general MORTGAGES. f BRIG. GEN. BOYD L. ASHCRAFT, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- Section 255(d)(3) of the National Housing SERVE. Act (12 U.S.C. 1715z–20(d)(3)) is amended to NOMINATIONS BRIG. GEN. JIM L. FOLSOM, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- SERVE. read as follows: Executive nominations received by BRIG. GEN. JAMES E. HAIGHT, JR., 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE ‘‘(3) be secured by a dwelling that is de- the Senate January 24, 1996: RESERVE. signed principally for a 1- to 4-family resi- BRIG. GEN. JOSEPH A. MC NEIL, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- DEPARTMENT OF STATE SERVE. dence in which the mortgagor occupies 1 of BRIG. GEN. ROBERT E. PFISTER, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE the units;’’. LAWRENCE NEAL BENEDICT, OF CALIFORNIA, A CA- RESERVE. REER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, BRIG. GEN. DONALD B. STOKES, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- SEC. 11. APPLICABILITY. CLASS OF COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAOR- SERVE. This Act and the amendments made by DINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES To be brigadier general this Act shall be construed to have become OF AMERICA TO THE REPUBLIC OF CAPE VERDE. effective on October 1, 1995. DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD COL. JOHN L. BALDWIN, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. COL. JAMES D. BANKERS, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- f JOSEPH J. DI NUNNO, OF MARYLAND, TO BE A MEMBER SERVE. OF THE DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD COL. RALPH S. CLEM, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. FOR A TERM EXPIRING OCTOBER 18, 2000. (REAPPOINT- COL. LARRY L. ENYART, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. ORDERS FOR JANUARY 25 AND MENT) COL. JON S. GINGERICH, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. JANUARY 26, 1996 COL. CHARLES H. KING, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE COL. RALPH J. LUCIANI, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I ask unan- HUMANITIES COL. RICHARD M. MC GILL, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- SERVE. imous consent that when the Senate RONNIE FEUERSTEIN HEYMAN, OF NEW YORK, TO BE A COL. DAVID R. MYERS, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. completes its business today it stand in MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL COUNSEL ON THE ARTS FOR COL. JAMES SANDERS, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. A TERM EXPIRING SEPTEMBER 3, 2000, VICE JOCELYN COL. SANFORD SCHLITT, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. adjournment until the hour of 12 noon LEVI STRAUS, TERM EXPIRED. COL. DAVID E. TANZI, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RESERVE. on Thursday, January 25; further, that EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT COL. JOHN L. WILKINSON, 000–00–0000, AIR FORCE RE- SERVE. immediately following the prayer the BARRY R. MC CAFFREY, OF WASHINGTON, TO BE DIREC- IN THE ARMY Journal of proceedings be deemed ap- TOR OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY, VICE LEE proved to date, no resolutions come PATRICK BROWN, RESIGNED. THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL IN THE under over under the rule, the call of UNITED STATES ARMY WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION the calendar be dispensed with, and the SERVICE OF IMPORTANCE AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION 601(A): morning hour be deemed to have ex- ROBERT B. ROGERS, OF MISSOURI, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION FOR To be lieutenant general pired, and that the time for the two NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE FOR A TERM OF 3 leaders be reserved for their use later YEARS. (NEW POSITION) MAJ. GEN. JOHN M. KEANE, 000–00–0000, U.S. ARMY. in the day; that there then be a period NATIONAL COUNCIL ON DISABILITY THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER TO BE PLACED ON THE RETIRED LIST OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY IN of morning business not to extend be- SHIRLEY W. RYAN, OF ILLINOIS, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER SECTION 1370 OF TITLE 10, THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON DISABILITY FOR A TERM EX- UNITED STATES CODE: yond the hour of 4 p.m. equally divided PIRING SEPTEMBER 17, 1997. (REAPPOINTMENT) between the majority and the minor- To be lieutenant general IN THE AIR FORCE ity; and, that immediately following LT. GEN. HOWARD D. GRAVES, 000–00–0000, U.S. ARMY. THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT the conclusion or yielding back of that TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL ON THE RE- THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT time the Senate immediately adjourn TIRED LIST PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE 10, TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL IN THE U.S. UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION 1370: ARMY WHILE ASSIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE over until the hour of 12 noon on Fri- AND RESPONSIBILITY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES day, January 26, and further that the To be lieutenant general CODE, SECTION 601(A): Journal of proceedings be deemed ap- LT. GEN. STEPHEN B. CROKER, 000–00–0000, U.S. AIR FORCE. To be lieutenant general proved to date, no resolutions come THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT MAJ. GEN. PATRICK M. HUGHES, 000–00–0000, U.S. ARMY. TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL ON THE RE- IN THE NAVY over under the rule, the call of the cal- TIRED LIST PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE 10, endar be dispensed with, the morning UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION 1370: THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS FOR PROMOTION IN THE NAVAL RESERVE OF THE UNITED STATES TO THE hour be deemed expired, the time for To be lieutenant general GRADE INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES the two leaders be reserved for their LT. GEN. ARLEN D. JAMESON, 000–00–0000, U.S. AIR FORCE. CODE, SECTION 5912: use later in the day, and that there THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT UNRESTRICTED LINE then be a period for morning business TO THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL WHILE AS- To be rear admiral SIGNED TO A POSITION OF IMPORTANCE AND RESPONSI- with Senators permitted to speak for BILITY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION REAR ADM. (1H) JAMES WAYNE EASTWOOD, 000–00–0000, up to 5 minutes. 601: U.S. NAVAL RESERVE. REAR ADM. (1H) JOHN EDWIN KERR, 000–00–0000, U.S. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without To be lieutenant general NAVAL RESERVE. REAR ADM. (1H) JOHN BENJAMIN TOTUSHEK, 000–00–0000, objection, it is so ordered. MAJ. GEN. MICHAEL D. MC GINTY, 000–00–0000, U.S. AIR U.S. NAVAL RESERVE. FORCE. f UNRESTRICTED LINE THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT PROGRAM IN THE REGULAR AIR FORCE OF THE UNITED STATES TO To be rear admiral THE POSITIONS AND GRADE INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, REAR ADM. (1H) ROBERT HULBURT WEIDMAN, JR., 000–00– UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION 8037: Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, for the in- 0000, U.S. NAVAL RESERVE. formation of all Senators, we will re- THE JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL OF THE U.S. AIR STAFF CORPS FORCE convene then tomorrow at noon for a To be rear admiral period of morning business. Rollcall To be major general REAR ADM. (1H) M. EUGENE FUSSELL, 000–00–0000, U.S. votes are not expected during tomor- BRIG. GEN. BRYAN G. HAWLEY, 000–00–0000. NAVAL RESERVE.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS S354 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 24, 1996

THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER TO BE PLACED ON NATIONAL SECURITY EDUCATION BOARD THE RETIRED LIST OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY IN THE 24, 1996, withdrawing from further Sen- GRADE INDICATED UNDER SECTION 1370 OF TITLE 10, ate consideration the following nomi- STANLEY K. SHEINBAUM, OF CALIFORNIA, TO BE A UNITED STATES CODE: nation: MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY EDUCATION To be vice admiral BOARD FOR A TERM OF 4 YEARS, VICE JOHN P. ROCHE, RESIGNED, WHICH WAS SENT TO THE SENATE ON JANU- VICE ADM. JOHN B. LA PLANTE, 000–00–0000. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL ARY 5, 1995. INSTITUTIONS FUND THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER TO BE PLACED ON CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY THE RETIRED LIST OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY IN THE KIRSTEN S. MOY, OF NEW YORK, TO BE ADMINIS- GRADE INDICATED UNDER SECTION 1370 OF TITLE 10, TRATOR OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL SERVICE UNITED STATES CODE: INSTITUTIONS FUND (NEW POSITION), WHICH WAS SENT CHRISTINE HERNANDEZ, OF TEXAS, TO BE A MEMBER TO THE SENATE ON FEBRUARY 24, 1995. To be vice admiral OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION VICE ADM. JOHN M. MC CONNELL, 000–00–0000. FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE FOR A TERM CIVIL LIBERTIES PUBLIC EDUCATION FUND OF 2 YEARS (NEW POSITION), WHICH WAS SENT TO THE f CHERRY T. KINOSHITA, OF WASHINGTON, TO BE A MEM- SENATE ON JUNE 6, 1995. CHRIS EVERT, OF FLORIDA, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE WITHDRAWAL BER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CIVIL LIB- ERTIES PUBLIC EDUCATION FUND FOR A TERM OF 2 BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION FOR NA- Executive message transmitted by YEARS (NEW POSITION), WHICH WAS SENT TO THE SEN- TIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE FOR A TERM OF 3 ATE ON JANUARY 5, 1995. YEARS (NEW POSITION), WHICH WAS SENT TO THE SEN- the President to the Senate on January ATE ON JUNE 6, 1995.

VerDate Aug 31 2005 04:24 Jun 20, 2008 Jkt 041999 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 9801 J:\ODA16\1996_F~1\S24JA6.REC S24JA6 mmaher on MIKETEMP with SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 67 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

OBSERVING THE HISTORIC elected not as Arafat condidates but as inde- Mr. President, your actions speak louder PALESTINIAN ELECTIONS pendents, deserve our praise and congratula- than words; and words alone will not solve our tions. Tremendous duties have been bestowed problem. This lack of attention has a human HON. NICK J. RAHALL II by the people and they now embark upon a cost. Last year at San Diego's border with OF WEST VIRGINIA new journey as the freely elected representa- Mexico, a Border Partol agent fell to his death IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tives of Palestine. while chasing illegal immigrants. Last week, a Our presence demonstrated clearly to the man trying to evade U.S. Border Partol agents Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Palestinians that America and the world are plunged to his death, and five other men were Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, the Arab-Amer- strongly with them in their quest for demo- injured when they ran off a 120-foot cliff near ican Institute [AAI] January 23, 1996 delega- cratic development and in their quest to quash Otay Lakes Dam. tion, which I had the high honor to chair, trav- disruption by extremists from all sides. Words are hollow if they are not backed up eled to Palestine to witness the first ever, The Israeli Government and Prime Minister with actions. Our hope in the California dele- historymaking free national elections in that Peres deserve commemdation for their sup- gation is that President Clinton joins us with country. port as well as of this electoral process and, the force of his actions, as we address these I was accompanied by Dr. James Zogby, with a few exceptions, allowed Palestinians to difficult immigration problems. president of AAI, and by former Members of conduct themselves freely. Congress Mary Rose Oakar (D-OH), Toby From revolutionary to Ra'eesÐArabic for f Moffett (D±CT), and by Ruth Joseph, mayor PresidentÐmany in our delegation, like Rep- and State representative of Waterville, ME, resentative Mary Rose Oakar and Toby EXTRADITION OF INDICTED WAR Thomas Lazieh, former mayor Central Falls, Moffett, and Jim Zogby, have personally stood CRIMINALS RI, Teresa Isaac, vice mayor, Lexington, KY. by President Arafat for a portion of his long, Also present during the observation were long, long journey to this point in history. HON. CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH Kenneth Handel, partner at Arnold and Porter From the bowels of Beirut in 1980 and 1982 OF NEW JERSEY law firm of New York with previous inter- to the palace of the President in Gaza last Fri- national electoral experience, and Dr. Najat day, where the lights flickered from lack of suf- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Arafat Khelil, co-coordinator of the Palestinian ficient power, we have conversed with, we Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Jewish Women's Dialogue Group. have pleaded with, we have sought dialog, we The delegation was coordinated by Zogby have agonized with and we now celebrate a Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I and Washington businessman Hani Masri with new-era President Arafat and the Palestinian rise this afternoon to express my solid support assistance from Hady Amr, a political consult- people. He fully recognizes that with new legit- for language contained in H.R. 1530, the Na- ant with electoral monitoring experience in imacy from the people comes new responsibil- tional Defense Authorization Act, providing for South Africa. My special thanks and that of ities. the extradition of indicted war criminals from the delegation goes to Jim Zogby for making Israel Prime Minister Peres will now allow all the United States to the International Tribunal it possible, and to Hani Masri for all of his PNC members to meet in Palestine so as to for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda in the unstinting support that helped lead to this his- conduct the people's business and properly Hague. This legislation provides the legal toric occasion and who shared his electoral amend the PNC charters per the Oslo ac- basis for the surrender of such persons and monitoring skills with us during this important cords. closes a technical loophole which could under- observance. As both men enter final status negotiations mine efforts to prosecute those responsible for Thanks goes also to Mr. Said Hamad, dep- this coming May 4, may they enter with a the commission of war crimes. Adoption of this uty director of the PLO office in Washington greater strength within themselves and greater provision should serve as an example to other who did an excellent job of coordinating faith in each other, and a greater resolve to countries to undertake similar action consist- events on the ground in Palestine and enhance and spread his peace of the brave ent with our obligations to cooperate fully with smoothing our way there. among their people and among all mankindÐ the important work of the Tribunal. To date We witnessed a professional, politically pro- two states, two peoples living side by side in more than 50 individuals from the former gressive, patriotic, and proud Palestine people peaceÐIsrael and Palestine forever. Yugoslavia have been indicted, including the parade to the polls for their historic first na- f Bosnian Serb leaders Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic. Last November, I had an oppor- tional elections. STATE OF THE UNION An excitement and enthusiasm permeated tunity to meet with Chief Prosecutor Richard the air and ran in the veins of a people tasting HON. BRIAN P. BILBRAY Goldstone to discuss his on-going investiga- and thirsting for freedom. tions. He stressed that those responsible for OF CALIFORNIA Nothing can detract from the success of a war crimes must be held personally account- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES people determined to regain control of their able, regardless of their relationship to peace destinyÐover their dreams and aspirations for Wednesday, January 24, 1996 negotiations. their children. Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, last night Presi- As Chairman of the Helsinki Commission, I We witnessed Palestinians traveling to the dent Clinton delivered a good speech. Our urge my colleagues to demonstrate their firm polls via cars, trucks, buses, tractors, donkeys, hope is that he follows his words with his commitment to the pursuit of justice in the horses, carts, hobbling on canes, and once ar- deeds. President Clinton acknowledged in his former Yugoslavia and Rwanda by passing riving having to wait hours in long lines due to address last night the need to pay special at- this implementing legislation and ensuring that huge voter turnouts. But to many who have tention to our problems with illegal immigra- the Tribunal receives the resources it needs to waited a lifetime to vote freelyÐa couple more tion. accomplish the vital tasks it has been given. hours' wait was very little. However, President Clinton forgot to men- Mr. Speaker, I ask that the text of a letter to The International Community of Observers tion to the American people that he vetoed a the President on this matter be included in the and former President Carter were encouraged bill which would have provided Californians RECORD. and impressed and gave the Palestinians very $1.6 billion in reimbursement funds over the COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND CO- OPERATION IN EUROPE, next 5 years for the costs of providing health high marks. Washington, DC, February 8, 1995. The bottom lineÐthese elections were free; care to illegal immigrants. He also vetoed the The PRESIDENT, these elections were fair. They were con- 1996 Commerce-State-Justice Appropriations The White House, Washington, DC. ducted in a highly professional manner. Act, thus denying Californians more than $300 DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: As members of the The President-elect, Yasir Arafat and his million as reimbursement for the cost of incar- Commission on Security and Cooperation in elected leadership team, many of whom were cerating alien felons. Europe, we have been following with great

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. E 68 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 concern all aspects of the former Yugo- menting legislation for over a year. We urge ple’’ in Coconut Grove, St. Agnes Baptist slavia’s violent disintegration. In this re- you to communicate to the Department of Church. At that time blacks and whites wor- gard, our Commission held a hearing on Jan- Justice the high degree of urgency that you, shipped together at Union Chapel. As one el- uary 31, at which we received compelling tes- as President, attach to the tasks of bringing derly pioneer related the story, the ‘‘colored timony from the Bosnian Prime Minister, war criminals to justice and of taking con- folks’’ were not use to the type of quiet serv- Haris Silajdzic. Although the Prime Minister crete legislative measures to that end. To ice being held, and whites could not under- raised a number of issues regarding the cri- follow up on the Commission’s inquiry of stand the blacks’ reactions of shouting, clap- sis, we would like to focus on one issue in April 1994, we would like to know when the ping of hands and the stumping/stamping of particular: the International Criminal Tribu- administration anticipates presenting such feet. After a gift of property on Thomas Ave- nal for the Former Yugoslavia. legislation to Congress. nue from Count Jean Hodonville, a young After overcoming considerable barriers to Finally, we again call for the appointment French man, to Rev. Sampson and the black its establishment and staffing, the Tribunal of a CSCE (OSCE) Special Reapporteur on pioneers, St. Agnes was built in 1895, and issued its first indictment in early Novem- the War Crimes, Tribunal, a Commission pro- thus, henceforth, was the beginning. ber, is proceeding with investigations and is posal that was endorsed at the 1994 meeting In the early part of 1896 Rev. Butler and expected to bring cases to trial later this of the CSCE Parliamentary Assembly. A twelve members withdrew from the newly or- year. We understand that the Tribunal’s UN Special Rapporteur would be tasked with ganized St. Agnes, and founded and orga- budget will be under review during the sec- monitoring the participating States’ re- nized Saint Paul AME Church on Evangelist ond half of this month and that officials quired cooperation with the Tribunal and re- Street. Evangelist Street was purchased, and from the Tribunal have requested a $28 mil- porting back to the decision-making bodies on November 21, 1896 when it was recorded. A lion budget for the coming year to proceed of the OSCE for further action in cases of small church was built at that time to ac- with the work they have begun. willful noncompliance. commodate a small membership. Trustee Non-governmental experts have already We understand that the U.S. delegation to whose names appeared on the abstract title suggested that this figure may be too low the 1994 CSCE (OSCE) Budapest Conference were J.H. Butler, J.P. Brookins, Walter Bur- given the costs of gathering testimony from included this proposal in a package of ideas rows. In 1897 the names of Murray Burrows, the thousands of victims of, and witnesses addressing the many urgent crises in the J.W. Gibson, Williams Counts, Theodore to, war crimes and in light of the on-site in- former Yugoslavia but that, regrettably, this Blackshear, D.C. Williams and Hiram vestigations that the effective prosecution of package was not adopted. We urge the Unit- McLeod were added. At that time the popu- war criminals will require. Nevertheless, it ed States to pursue the adoption of this pro- lation of Coconut Grove was less than 300. appears that securing even these funds may posal as a priority matter at the on-going By the year 1900 it was decided there were be an uphill battle with the UN bureaucracy. OSCE meetings in Vienna, where negotia- enough ‘‘colored’’ children to warrant a We urge you to instruct the U.S. delega- tions on Bosnia-related questions continue. school, and henceforth the first school in tion to the United Nations to press vigor- Mr. President, we cannot sufficiently un- Dade County was held at the St. Paul AME ously at these upcoming budget meetings to derscore our conviction that holding war ensure adequate funding for the Tribunal. Church. The school, with only twelve chil- criminals accountable for the heinous crimes The establishment of this body, in spite of dren, was taught by the late Dr. John Davis. they have committed in this conflict will be In the year 1902 the first choir, the Mozart considerable political resistance and tech- an essential element for any long-term reso- Choir, was organized with the late J.P. nical complications, is a credit to strong lution of this tragedy. To this end, we look Brookins as president and choir director. U.S. leadership. But, without proper funding, forward to hearing from you on these mat- Since the membership was so small the larg- the Tribunal will never be able to execute ters. the historic tasks that have been set for it. er children were placed in the choir to re- We also support an additional voluntary Sincerely, place the adults when death or some other contribution to the Tribunal by the United CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, reasons occurred. In 1910 the first corner- States of an amount not less than the $3 mil- Chairman. stone was laid by the pastor at that time, lion cash contribution provided last year. ALFONSE D’AMATO, the late Reverend Thomas Henry. Two more Monetary, as well as personnel or other in- Co-Chairman. men were added to the Steward Board, which kind donations, enhance the ability of the STENY H. HOYER, had been organized earlier, consisting of the United States to foster the effectiveness of Member of Congress. men of the church. Men also comprised the the Tribunal by strengthening specific as- f trustee board and the ushers. pects of its work. In addition, this would en- In 1914 the late Mrs. Agnes Armbrister or- able the United States to play a leadership GREATER SAINT PAUL AFRICAN ganized Armbrister’s Quartet, which was role in urging other UN member states to EPISCOPAL CHURCH CENTEN- comprised of her four oldest children. She make similar contributions. If the United NIAL ANNIVERSARY also organized other singing groups. States, at this juncture, inexplicably reduces In 1915 the first Stewardess Board was or- the level of financial support it has provided ganized with the late Mesdames Aramintha to the Tribunal, it might send a regrettable HON. CARRIE P. MEEK W. Roberts, Mary Sands, Agnes Armbrister, signal of weakening U.S. resolve to see war OF FLORIDA McCleod, Elsa Gibson and Estella Counts as criminals held truly accountable. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES members. Their first project was to purchase We would also like to take this oppor- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 individual communion glasses. Communion tunity to raise the issue of implementing bread was made by the late Mrs. Sands and legislation. UN member states are already Mrs. MEEK of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise Mrs. McCleod. bound as a matter of international law to de- today to inform my colleagues of an important In 1915 the parsonage was built. Property liver to the Hague persons indicted by the benchmark for a religious lighthouse in the was purchased at 3352 Charles Avenue, and Tribunal. But most countries—including the Metropolitan Dade County community. April the house which presently stands was used. United States—will require the passage of In early 1920’s people were still migrating 14, 1996 will mark Greater Saint Paul African from other parts of Florida, Georgia and Ala- implementing legislation to ensure that a Episcopal Church's centennial anniversary. It national legal basis exists for doing so; with- bama. out such legislation, a technical loophole is with great pleasure that I recognize and During the 1926 hurricane quite a bit of would exist in most countries that would thank the congregation for their vision and damage was done to the church. A steeple give indicted persons the legal grounds to years of continual service to the Miami com- was completely damaged. In the same year challenge jurisdiction and avoid trial. munity. an organ was purchased. Convinced of the importance of this issue, I urge Members to read the church history In 1932 under the administration of the late Rev. M.P. Chappelle a new church was built a bipartisan U.S. delegation to the 1994 CSCE I am inserting into the RECORD. Parliamentary Assembly achieved agree- to facilitate a growing membership. Bro. GREATER SAINT PAUL AFRICAN EPISCOPAL ment to review, at future meetings of the As- A.G. Lattimore gave the first $200 toward the CHURCH sembly, steps that the CSCE (now OSCE) purchase of the property on the present site. participating States have taken to ensure (By Mrs. Esther M. Armbrister) The church was built with all of the member- that they are able to comply with the orders During the 1880’s the first Negro settlers ship working as one to accomplish their of the Tribunal. As Members of Congress, we arrived in small numbers from the Bahama dream. feel a special responsibility to ensure that Islands by way of Key West, Florida. Be- Wood and other materials were salvaged the necessary implementing legislation is tween 1885 and 1889 Negroes from West and from the church on the hill, and used in the passed. It is possible that some countries— North Florida began to migrate to Coconut construction of the new church. The states likely to find themselves with war Grove, which was called at the time the last salvaged materials were guarded by Mrs. criminals in their territories—will need frontier to be settled. One of those settlers Aramintha W. Roberts and her children. international prodding if they are to cooper- was the late Jeremiah A. Butler, who was to In 1932 Rev. Chappelle organized the Su- ate with the Tribunal. Passage of U.S. imple- be the minister founder and organizer of the preme Usher’s Board (#2 Usher Board). The menting legislation will enable our country first African Methodist Episcopal Church in White Rose Usher Board (#1 Usher Board) to foster compliance by others. Dade County, Saint Paul AME Church. had been organized between 1918 and 1920. We understand that the Department of The late Rev. Samuel Sampson was the Rev. Chappelle also organized the Gospel Justice has been working on draft imple- founder of the first church for ‘‘colored peo- Choir (Choir #2). January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 69 In 1943 the existing parsonage was built Rev. Cooper is quite supportive of the court judge that Judge Penzien has encour- under the pastorate of the late Rev. F.A. church’s programs. aged people to meet in chambers to reach Roundtree. Greater Saint Paul AW Church witnessed amicable agreement in a quick and less oner- In 1945 the late Rev. R.A. Jackson, the pas- the building of a new church, and will cele- tor, organized the first Women’s Day below brate its centennial anniversary and dedica- ous fashion than a protracted court fight which the Mason Dixie Line, which was held in the tion on April 14, 1996. may ultimately be no better than the settle- present church. The last Mrs. Myrtle f ment. McCleod Davis served as Chairperson. His membership in numerous professional In 1947 Rev. I.D. Hinson, pastor at that TRIBUTE TO CAPT. PATRICK L. organizations, including the Prosecuting Attor- time, started construction of the Edu- HIGGINS ON HIS RETIREMENT neys Association of Michigan and its coordi- cational Building, now known as the Annex. nating council, as well as his chairmanship of Improvements were made by Rev. R.E. Lamb and the late Rev. J.A. Robertsl, and it was HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON the Bay County Law Enforcement Council only completed by the Rev. T.C. Kelley. Rev. OF CONNECTICUT begin to describe his civil commitment. He has Kelley also organized the Male Chorus, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been involved with the American Cancer Soci- Busy Bee Club and the Willing Workers. ety Bay County Chapter, the Bay Area Child The previous mortgage had been burned by Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Guidance Clinic, the Bay City Kiwanis Club, the late Rev. A.F. Little. Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak- the Bay County Mental Health Society, the Under the pastorate of the late Rev. T.E. er, it is with pride and great respect that I rise Bay City YMCA, and the First United Meth- Wright the name of the church was changed to recognize the retirement of Capt. Patrick L. to Greater Saint Paul AME Church. He saw odist Church. a need to serve the community of Coconut Higgins from the Thompsonville fire district in He has provided an admirable role model to Grove with a Day Care Center, which accom- Enfield, CT, after 30 years of unparalleled and the people of Bay County. He has done so modated at least 45 working mothers. Nec- dedicated service. Throughout his exceptional with the support of his wonderful wife Mary, essary repairs were made to the church and career he has been active in his community, his children Karla and Douglas, and his step- the annex during his administration. He had not only through his role in public safety, but children Stephen Chick and Caroline Arnold. an undying loyalty to the Youth Church also with his membership in such organiza- And now his grandchildren Jessica Richards which he referred to as the ‘‘church of to- tions as the VFW. and Kimberly Penzien, and his grandchild morrow’’. Under the leadership of Mesdames In 1969, early in his career with the fire de- Elizabeth Espy, Ruth Seal Bullard, Hattie Daishelle Richards, can learn more about Johnson, Carlee Daniels, Esther M. partment, Captain Higgins traveled to Wiscon- what justice is supposed to be from a man Ambrister and Cliffonia Ross, the Junior sin to pick up and deliver Thompsonville's first who has worked a lifetime to provide it. Church was one of the best in the South firefighting foam unit. Later, although not Mr. Speaker, I urge you and all of our col- Florida Conference. known for being foam unit specialists, Captain leagues to join me in thanking Bay County Cir- The Missionary Choir was organized with Higgins led his department to victory in com- cuit Court Judge Eugene C. Penzien for his Mrs. Catherine Morgan as the directress, and petitions at Westover Air Force Base, defeat- years of service, and in wishing him the very the late Mrs. Miriam Sands Massey as the pi- ing the renowned Westover department in best for the challenges that lie ahead. anist. Mrs. Massey served the church well for 38 years, her sister the late Ms. Ernestine foam unit firefighting. f Captain Higgins was born and raised in Sands, served the church for 12 years, and THE PHILLIPS AMBULATORY CARE their father, the late Nathan Sands, served Thompsonville and is married, with two chil- as director of the Mozart Choir for 45 years. dren. Today we pay tribute to his years of val- CENTER The service of the Sands family was unlim- iant service and outstanding contributions and ited. wish him well in all his future endeavors. HON. CAROLYN B. MALONEY From 1972 and during the pastorate of Rev. f OF NEW YORK F.A. Allen, major renovations and repairs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were made to the exterior and interior of the JUDGE PENZIEN: GUILTY AS church and the annex. He organized the F.A. CHARGED Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Allen Gospel Choir and the Singing Angels, our youth choir. In 1972 Hauley Wiggins Mrs. MALONEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today Choir was organized, consisting of the young HON. JAMES A. BARCIA to bring to the attention of my colleagues Beth adults of the church. OF MICHIGAN Israel Medical Center's Phillips Ambulatory According to church records four ministers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Care Center, which is opening its doors today were ordained into the ministry and now in New York's 14th Congressional District. pastor their own churches. Under Rev. Wednesday, January 24, 1996 The Phillips Ambulatory Care Center is an Wright’s pastorate, Rev. John Bodison was Mr. BARCIA. Mr. Speaker, in our system of extraordinary new health care facility that is ordained, along with Rev. Theodore Barnett government where legislatures pass laws, ex- designed to provide a single standard of am- and Rev. Eugene Wilson. Rev. Michael Bouie was ordained under the pastorate of Rev. ecutives sign them, and courts interpret and bulatory care to all patients, regardless of Allen. apply them, we need to be very appreciative health insurance status. The development of During the Annual Conference of 1984 Rev. of the dedicated jurists who take the task of new ambulatory care facilities such as this one O.W. Burroughs was appointed as pastor, and judging disputes between society and individ- is particularly important at a time when health interestingly enough he had been ordained in uals, or simply between individuals. The peo- insurance plans are increasingly emphasizing St. Paul 1949, having come from another dis- ple of Bay County, MI, my home county, have out-of-hospital service. trict, Rev. Burroughs served the church well, had the good fortune to be served by a very Phillips proposes to provide each patient liquidating the church of debt before his un- timely demise in 1987. Regrettably he was dedicated man, Bay County Circuit Judge Eu- medical services at a designated patient care unable to physically witness the burning of gene C. Penzien, who is retiring after nearly module that is small, patient-friendly, and the mortgage, however, spiritually his pres- 40 years of effort in a stellar legal career. modeled after the most modern and com- ence was felt. Judge Penzien began private general prac- fortable private physician office. During the annual conference Rev. James tice in 1958 with former prosecuting attorney As a state-of-the-art ambulatory care center, H. Davis was given the charge to shepherd and district and circuit court judge, Ira this new facility incorporates many techno- the flock of St. Paul, to uplift their morale Butterfield, as well as David Skinner. After 11 logical innovations into its design and oper- and give them insight into the future of a years, he became the first full-time Bay Coun- ation. For example, the Phillips Ambulatory new Greater Saint Paul. The church took on a new outlook with a vision in mind, which ty prosecuting attorney until 1978. He first be- Care Center has the Nation's first digitized was to build a new edifice, one of which we came circuit judge in 1979 and also served as filmless radiology service. can be proud. Property was purchased on chief judge between 1979 and 1982. Filmless radiography will allow physicians to Thomas Avenue across the street, which is During his tenure, he became a personally view radiographic images promptly at conven- now being used for parking. Property was important individual to literally thousands of ient locations within the facility and will make purchased on Williams Avenue, behind the Bay County residents. Having rendered over it possible to consult with a radiologist mo- church, which holds a set of duplexes, which 22,000 decisions from the bench, there is no ments after the studies are done. are self supportive. The assistant pastor, Rev. Phillip Cooper, doubt that this fine jurist has left his mark on Another technological innovation at the Phil- having been inherited from the Allen admin- Bay County. But while some people think that lips Ambulatory Care Center is a computer- istration, is working diligently alongside our the courtroom is always as dramatic as tele- based, paperless medical records system. pastor. He serves the church spiritually, vision portrays, many are quite appreciative of With this system, physicians and other clinical musically, educationally and financially. the fact that throughout his time as a circuit staff will have immediate access to a patient's E 70 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 most up-to-date medical records. This state-of- organization of this church was significant [FGM]. In fact today Senator Dorothy Rupert, the-art medical records system will strengthen in South Florida’s history because it was the who sponsored the bill along with Senator Bill the continuum of care for patients. For exam- first Black church on the South Florida Thiebaut and Representative Glenda Swanson mainland to be organized by Blacks. On ple, notes made in a patient's chart during a Lyle, is among lawmakers who are conducting April 15, 1993, Macedonia’s name was placed morning visit to the Phillips Ambulatory Care on one of Coconut Grove’s Historical Mark- hearings on the bill back in Denver. Center will be accessible to emergency room ers. This marker was placed next to the Their bill is similar to mine, H.R. 941, in that staff at the Petrie Division of Beth Israel Hos- church on Charles Avenue. it has criminal and education components. It pital the same day, should the patient need 1835–1939: Rev. S.A. Sampson was the orga- would make it a crime of child abuse to muti- emergency care. nizer and founder of Macedonia Missionary late a child's genitalia, or allow it to be done, Located in Zeckendorf Towers, the Phillips Baptist Church of Miami, Incorporated. Suc- and would require the public health depart- Ambulatory Care Center will play an important ceeding Rev. Sampson were Reverends Wat- ment to carry out education among commu- son, Yates, Guilford, Nicholson, Sneed, Driv- role in revitalizing the Union Square area. nities that traditionally practice FGM, using pri- er, and Whitaker. vate funds, grants, gifts, or donations. Early this summer, Beth Israel Hospital will 1939–1970: Rev. Finlayson pastored Macedo- The education is essential, but so is the open a comprehensive cancer center and a nia Baptist Church for thirty-one years and six-unit ambulatory surgery center in the same left a strong church organization that was criminalization of this brutal act, which is done building that houses the Phillips Ambulatory spiritually sound and financially secure. in the name of custom. As the Congressional Care Center. The combined facilities are ex- During his tenure, the present edifice was Research Service has pointed out: pected to bring additional visitors into the area built; the parsonage on Charles Avenue was While most states have laws which pro- and to add to its economic vitality. built, property on Williams Avenue was ac- hibit endangering the welfare of a child or quired for future expansion. creating a substantial risk to the health of a Mr. Speaker, Beth Israel Medical Center has 1971–1975: Rev. Philip Cooper, a gifted mu- child, it is not clear whether these laws a reputation for innovation and care. The Phil- sician and educator, served as an interim would necessarily be interpreted to prohibit lips Ambulatory Care Center should prove to pastor. During his tenure, the thirteen dea- female genital mutilation in all cases. be another fine example of the extraordinary con concept as ward leaders was organized; So, we need explicit legislation, both on a work done by this institution. I ask my col- the use of collection plates to ascertain of- State and Federal level. leagues to join me in wishing the Phillips Am- ferings and tithes, was initiated; the prelude before worship was instituted; and the finan- Senator Rupert tells me that she knows bulatory Care Center all the best as it begins FGM is being practiced in Colorado because its work in our community. cial department organized. 1976–1981: Rev. Arthur Jordan was the she gets anecdotal reports of it. And this has f youngest minister to ever pastor Macedonia. really been the problem with legislation such Under his administration—the church was as thisÐbecause FGM takes place so covertly MACEDONIA MISSIONARY BAPTIST redecorated and refurbished; the fellowship and the evidence of it is largely anecdotal, CHURCH OF MIAMI, INC., OLDEST hall was air-conditioned. Rev. Jordan, with some people still don't want to believe it hap- BLACK CHURCH IN DADE COUN- keen insight, began a financial drive to buy pens in this country. But if it doesn't, then why TY a church van. have Colorado, Minnesota, New Jersey, New 1981–1983: From June 1981 to April 1983 York, and North Dakota introduced or passed Macedonia was void of a pastor. Deacon HON. CARRIE P. MEEK Charlie Sinkler, Chairperson of the Deacon their own legislation against it? And why do I OF FLORIDA Board and Sister Arlene Broxton, Chair- get regular inquiries from other States that are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES person of the Board of Directors, were in- interested? It's because it's happening here. strumental in keeping the church in unity. It's high time we took our heads out of the Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Under their leadership, the church was spir- sand and did something about it. Mrs. MEEK of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise itually filled and financially secure, the par- f today to pay tribute to a cherished house of sonage was refurbished; and a financial drive was begun to raise funds for a decorative se- ENFIELD, CT, FIRE DEPARTMENT worship, Macedonia Missionary Baptist curity fence for the church. Church, located in Miami, FL. In October CELEBRATES 100 YEARS OF 1983–: Rev. Rudolph Daniels, a gifted gospel SERVICE TO COMMUNITY 1995, Macedonia Missionary Baptist Church singer and educator, was called for his first celebrated its 100th year as a spiritual beacon pastorate at Macedonia on April 20, 1983. for the Miami community. Since 1983, the fifteen passenger van and the HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON I urge the Members to read the church his- decorative ornamental fence have been real- OF CONNECTICUT tory which I'm inserting into the RECORD. ized; an elevator has been installed. During IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hurricane Andrew, Macedonia sustained ex- THE OLDEST BLACK CHURCH IN DADE COUNTY tensive damage but has since restored to her Wednesday, January 24, 1996 The Macedonia Missionary Baptist Church original beauty both inside and outside. Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak- of Miami, Incorporated lineage began at Macedonia’s roots are like those of a red- er, it is with great pride and admiration that I Union Chapel (Plymouth Church) in 1891. Be- wood tree, intertwined throughout Dade rise to pay tribute to the men and women, cause the Black worshipers at Union Chapel County. However, the future of the church is past and present, of the Enfield, CT, Fire De- were not accustomed to the style of worship assured because its rich heritage is being services, they organized their own church in transferred to its youth through the revived partment as they celebrate 100 years of serv- 1895. Rev. S.A. Sampson and fifty-six other Christ emphasis. Its heritage reflects the ice and dedication to the citizens of Enfield, black members of Union Chapel were suc- real struggles of Christianity throughout the CT. cessful in organizing a church in the home of world, but its philosophy remains: ‘‘With Volunteers comprise the majority of mem- Mrs. Edith Albury. This church was called Christ all things are possible.’’ bers of the Enfield Fire Department, a further the Fifty-Six Baptist Church. The Fifty-Six The roots of this great church are firmly testament to the department's commitment to Baptist Church was later blessed with a gift planted in the whole armor of Jesus Christ Enfield and its surrounding communities. For of land on which to build a church. The land and shall not be moved. the past century the members of the Enfield was donated to the Fifty-Six Baptist Church f by the Count Jean D’Hedouville and it was Fire Department have selflessly contributed located on Thomas Avenue. After the church countless hours to ensure the safety of their COLORADO JOINS STATES neighbors and protect them from danger. was erected, the name was changed from LEGISLATING AGAINST FGM Fifty-Six Baptist Church to St. Agnes. These men and women are, indeed, a rare In 1903, St. Agnes Church was moved from breed. Courageously, they put their lives on Thomas Avenue to Charles Avenue where an- HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER the line each dayÐoften in situations where other edifice was erected. Deacons Washing- OF COLORADO they are keenly aware of the realities of per- ton and Bumey played the primary role in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sonal injury. The Enfield Fire Department and changing the name from St. Agnes to Mac- others across America deserve our thanks, as edonia Missionary Baptist Church on May 25, Wednesday, January 24, 1996 1922. In June 1948 Macedonia Missionary Bap- it is their meritorious deeds that have saved tist Church was again moved to its present Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I'm happy many lives each year. Accordingly, I would like site. It was incorporated in 1976 and the to report that Colorado has joined the growing to thank the Enfield Fire Department, on this name was changed to Macedonia Missionary ranks of States that are drawing up their own their 100th anniversary, for their service, and Baptist Church of Miami, Incorporated. The legislation to ban female genital mutilation let them know they are not forgotten. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 71 AMERICA AT WAR nation’s flag trampled and their homeland in which I would like to write. Maybe I can ruins. Perhaps that is why our flag, their write a few and not have to meet a deadline. flag, is so important to them. That is why I don’t really enjoy having to do that. HON. GEORGE P. RADANOVICH they deeply appreciate our Constitution and One of the things which Jess asked me to OF CALIFORNIA the institutions which serve under that doc- write about is vacation spots where people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ument. can go and be outdoors and camp without it ‘‘They have paid a dear price so that all costing them an arm and a leg. Since I own Wednesday, January 24, 1996 these things could endure. On these, the final a little recreation type land in northeast Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, although days of the 50th commemoration of their California, I could write a few of those al- some of us did not live World War II, we all war, we must remind ourselves that we owe ready. But I would need to go to those places are aware of its meaning. As a young boy, I them a debt which can never be repaid.’’ and take some pictures to be printed along How could anyone say it better? When I with the articles. So, you may see some remember my father, a World War II combat read those words, I knew I had to pass them more of my writing in this paper following veteran himself, telling our family about the on to you. I don’t know if Commander Spera the last of these articles. conflict and what it stood for. is a veteran of WWII or not, but I like what Anyway, before I close, I must say that I Now, in the Chowchilla News, a paper in my he said. am proud to have been able to fly and fight district, Jim Dumas, my constituent, has bril- My generation suffered the greatest cas- with the great Flying Tigers, even though I liantly told his recollection of World War II, as ualties of any one generation which has was only attached to them for training. It 1996 marks the 50th anniversary of this critical fought in our many wars. I just hope future was a great organization and a fine group of generations will not allow historians to sani- event in our Nation's history. men to be with. tize the history of WWII to suit their present It is an honor to have been around such It is my pleasure to share his article with my day thinking. men as Tex Hill, Ed Rector, Charley Bond, colleagues. That is why we need more veterans to Joe Rosbert and Bill Bartling, to name a few. AMERICA AT WAR write what it was really like so the school When I first met them, I thought they were (By Jim Dumas) children of today and tomorrow will know all ‘‘Supermen,’’ which they were, but when the real truth of the entire war period. the 14th Air Force took over from the AVG, This year marks the 50th anniversary of With this episode, the ‘‘America At War’’ the ending of the most expensive, deadly and we had some ‘‘Supermen’’ among us. Men series comes to a close. My friend, John like Charles DuBois, Mortimer Dog Marks, devastating conflict the world has ever seen. Wolfshorndl, recently made a 17-day visit to When the war ended in Europe, Hitler and Patrick H. Daniels III, Johnny Alison and China. He brought back many pictures and others. his people could look at the ruins of Ger- has agreed to lend them to me and this news- many and see the results of their wish to Most of all, I’m proud I got to know per- paper so you may see what that nation is sonally the man most responsible for the dominate all the world’s people. When it like today. ended in the Pacific, Japan lay in the ashes success of both organizations, General Claire Many of his pictures show it much the Lee Chennault. It was a pleasure serving of two atom bombs which were dropped on same as when I was there in 1942–43. Some Nagasaki and Hiroshima. under him. I was honored to have been asked changes for the better have taken place. He to be one of his honor guard at his home- People all over the world celebrated the went to many places I did not get to see, surrender of the Axis nations, and those coming in New Orleans. such as the Great Wall. Now I’d like to quote from another veter- Americans who were serving overseas soon He did bring some pictures of Kweilin an’s magazine, The American Legion, Sep- started home for a reunion with their loved (Guilin) and Kunming where I was stationed tember 1995. There was no byline or I would ones and friends. during WWII. He has some good pictures of give credit to the writer. It is called ‘‘The This was the most expensive war in people the very unusual mountains around Kweilin and material lost and used in which our na- Road to Victory.’’ of which I have written before. The editor ‘‘America’s triumph in WWII was so much tion has been involved. The total cost of the has promised me two half-pages so we may more than a military victory. It was a vic- nearly five years of fighting had cost the show you these pictures. tory that energized democracies around the world almost two trillion dollars, and the My heart is heavy as I bring this series to world, primed the economy at home and se- lives of nearly 800 million people. a close. I really don’t know why, but as I cured the continuation of the American way The United States alone lost over 400 thou- type this, I find it impossible to keep back of life. There are no words that can bestow sand men and women during this great con- the tears. Perhaps no one else will under- enough honor upon those who served, but flagration. These figures tell a sad story of stand it either. Writing this series of articles WWII veterans know how important their almost five years of war. The cost was very has been like reliving it all over again. contribution has been and continues to be. high when measured by any standard, but it This isn’t the first time tears have come to We must be sure that future generations brought almost a half century of peace and my eyes as I wrote them. I’ve heard all my never forget their bravery, sacrifice and prosperity to most of the world. life that ‘‘There is no fool like an old fool.’’ service to our country. WWII veterans have Paul A. Spera, National Commander-in- Maybe an old sentimental fool is even worse. earned our eternal gratitude.’’ Amen. Chief, Veterans of Foreign Wars, writing in I am a sentimentalist, and some may say I Finally, I’d like to thank the Chowchilla the California Veteran, December 1995, wrote am all of the above. News, the owners and Jess Chambers, editor, these words, ‘‘Because of the sacrifices of the So many of you have asked if I was writing for their confidence in me, and for publishing more than 12 million Americans who served these articles for a diary. The answer is no. these articles. They were the first. And my overseas and another four million who wore I did not keep a diary while in China because thanks to all who telephoned, wrote me, and the uniform stateside, would-be dictators I never even thought about writing about my told me personally that you enjoyed them. recognized that free men and women will experiences while I was there. You have no idea how much that has fight and prevail when their freedoms are at These have been written from memory. meant to me. You may not believe this, but stake. Because of their sacrifices, Americans Again, many of you have asked how in the I have never received a derogatory remark were never forced to defend their own homes. world I could remember all this stuff. I don’t about them from anyone. Not one. There ‘‘As we enter our sixth decade of freedom know. I have just written it as I remember must be some who didn’t like them enough and prosperity in America, it’s important it. I’m sure there are some who might take to read them, and to them I would like to that we recall the pain and sacrifice of those exception to some of the things I’ve written. say, thanks for not telling me. who served to ensure that freedom . . . for No two people see things exactly the same. I I close wishing all of you good health each American soldier, sailor, Marine and guess these things have been deeply embed- throughout 1996, and may it be the best year airman who perished, there is an entire fam- ded into the wrinkles of my brain or I ever for each and every one of you. ily whose lives were forever changed. And for couldn’t have remembered them. f each one that perished, there are thousands The editor, Jess Chambers, has asked me who returned from war, and whose lives have to continue writing for him on several sub- DR. PHILIP BUCHANAN HONORED never been the same. jects. I plan to do that as long as people like FOR VOLUNTARISM ‘‘When you see an elderly veteran, there’s and read what I write. I love writing and a good chance he or she served in World War wish I had gone to journalism school right II. If you are fortunate enough to hear them after I retired. HON. ZOE LOFGREN speak about what America means to them, There are many things about which I have OF CALIFORNIA please pay close attention. They have a per- very strong opinions and could write about. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spective few of us share. They are rightfully I travel a lot and could write about those proud of their service and the glory of their trips and the interesting places my wife and Wednesday, January 24, 1996 victory. However, they share a deeper and I visit. That would not be controversial, Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to more profound perspective. whereas, my opinions about other things ‘‘You see, they know how it feels to face could be. recognize a man whose record of community the reality of losing everything they had But first, I think I would like to take a lit- service spans more than two decades. Dr. ever hoped for. They have dealt with the tle rest. However, I see things everyday in Philip Buchanan will receive the Firman B. prospect of seeing their loved ones die, their various newspapers and magazines about Voorhies Volunteer of the Year Award from E 72 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 the Gilroy Chamber of Commerce at the the RECORD detailing his years of public serv- Center underground to the federal courts for chamber's 43d Annual Meeting and Awards ice. their trial. All were found guilty and will be Dinner on February 2, 1996, in Gilroy, CA. It The suspects he has escorted have been sentenced in January. some of the most famous and notorious this ‘‘I think they will all spend the rest of is an honor to join with the chamber in ac- their natural lives in jail,’’ Imundi said. knowledging Dr. Buchanan's many contribu- century, Sheik Omar Abdel-RahmanÐfound They were not subject to the death pen- tions. guilty of plotting the bombing of national alty. Imundi has witnessed one execution, Dr. Buchanan is best known for starting monuments such as the Statue of LibertyÐ the electrocution of murderer Elmer ‘‘Trig- Gilroy's Christmas street ornament program and those accused of plotting the World Trade ger’’ Burke in Sing Sing Correctional Facil- over 20 years ago; a program that provides for Center bombing. Not a single one of his cli- ity 40 years ago. the purchase, maintenance, and installation of ents has been injured or harmed in any way For 13 years, Imundi’s office has been re- the street pole decorations each year. Over during his protection, to say nothing of all the sponsible for the security of 80 federal innocent lives he has helped to save during judges, 200 U.S. attorney, 80 security officers, the years, Dr. Buchanan has used the pro- 100 marshals and inspectors and dozens of gram to get residents involved in civic pride, the course of his impeccable career. The southern district of New York is losing crime suspects. enlisting participation from the Boy Scouts, for He never had a client injured or killed in instance, to help youth to take an active inter- a marshal greatly respected by all people. He all that time, although junk-bond king est in their city. brought to his post, his 32 years of experience Milken fainted after Judge Kimba Wood sen- A two-term Gilroy City planning commis- in the New York Police Force and 8 years as tenced him to 10 years in prison. sioner, Dr. Buchanan now serves as chair of an investigator for the U.S. Veterans Adminis- Former Miss America Myerson, charged the Citizens Committee, working on bike trails tration. He was first appointed Federal mar- with a tax violation, was close to fainting shal by President Ronald Reagan and served when she was in a cell and was told she had and sound wall planning. He has cochaired to be fingerprinted. the Grants Committee of the Gilroy Founda- under Presidents George Bush and Bill Clin- ton, giving him the distinction of being the ‘‘I put a hand on her shoulder and steadied tion and played an active role in making the her,’’ he said. world famous Gilroy Garlic Festival a success longest-serving Federal marshal this century. Helmsley, who served three years in prison year after year. His record in public office has been an inspira- on a tax charge, was one of his most difficult Mr. Speaker, I would like to congratulate Dr. tion to his colleagues as well as the commu- cases. Philip Buchanan as he is honored and invite nity as a whole. ‘‘She was so disliked that many people Mr. Imundi's well-deserved retirement will my colleagues in the U.S. House of Rep- stood on the courthouse steps and screamed sadden all those who gained so much from his obscenities at her every day of the trial,’’ he resentatives to join me in saluting Dr. Bu- time in office: not just the citizens of New York said. chanan for his efforts. but all the people of the United States. On ‘‘The terrorist trial was clearly the trial of f January 30, 1996, there will be an event hon- the century, not that thing in Los Angeles,’’ he said. ‘‘Millions of lives were at stake here PERSONAL EXPLANATION oring Mr. Imundi's years of service and dedi- when these guys plotted their violence. cation to law enforcement and justice. Mr. Judge Michael B. Mukasey really did a great HON. MIKE WARD Speaker, I know you will join me in wishing job of handling that. He had to deal daily Mr. Imundi well and the best of luck in his re- with 15 lawyers and kept * * *.’’ OF KENTUCKY tirement. Imundi, who handled the suspects in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES GLADIATOR RETIRES AFTER HALF-CENTURY OF World Trade Center bombing case, said that Wednesday, January 24, 1996 SERVICE crime really frightened him. ‘‘Few people know this, but if that bomb Mr. WARD. Mr. Speaker, on January 23, Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson may have been the most famous federal marshals. was planted two stories higher and not in the 1996, I was unavoidably detained due to Romolo J. Imundi may be the most photo- garage, that entire building would have gone changes in my air travel, which were out of my graphed. down,’’ he said. ‘‘It would have dwarfed the control, and missed three rollcall votes. I ‘‘I’m also the longest-serving federal mar- bombing at Oklahoma City and thousands would like the record to show that had I been shal in this century,’’ Imundi said. upon thousands of lives would have been present for rollcall vote No. 13, on H.R. 2657, He retired Oct. 15 from his job as U.S. mar- lost.’’ the Ruth & Billy Graham Congressional Gold shal for the Southern District in New York Now, the care and feeding of so many sus- after 13 years in the post. He was appointed pects has been turned over to a new mar- Medal bill, I would have voted ``yes.'' On roll- by President Reagan in 1982. shal—Martin Burke, a bodyguard for former call vote No. 14, S. 1341, the Saddleback At 75, Imundi completed 53 years of gov- Gov. Mario Cuomo. MountainÐArizona Settlement bill, I would ernment service, including 32 years as a New ‘‘Now, I’ll just take it easy for a while, do have voted ``yes.'' And on rollcall vote No. 15, York City police officer and detective, eight some painting, work around the house, tend H.R. 2726, Technical Corrections to Native years as an investigator for the U.S. veter- to my garden, and enjoy our family,’’ Imundi American Laws, I would have voted ``yes.'' ans Administration and the past 13 as a fed- said. f eral marshal in the Manhattan office. Few public servants have done as much to Imundi and his wife of 48 years, Rosemarie, earn a quiet, peaceful retirement as Imundi TRIBUTE TO U.S. FEDERAL who have four grown children and eight has. Few have had a half-century of such ad- MARSHAL ROMOLO J. IMUNDI grandchildren, have lived in the Crestwood ventures. section of Yonkers the past eight years. f ‘‘This job is a presidential appointment,’’ HON. ELIOT L. ENGEL Imundi said. ‘‘George Washington appointed PRESERVING AMERICA’S MIDDLE the first federal marshal in New York City in OF NEW YORK CLASS 1789. He was the chief lawman for the area. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I’m a conservative Republican. I was ap- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 pointed by Reagan and reappointed by HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELLI George Bush. When Bill Clinton came in, I OF NEW JERSEY Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to was asked to stay on the job.’’ honor Federal Marshal Romolo J. Imundi. At Imundi, nicknamed the ‘‘Roman glad- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the age of 75, Marshal Imundi has completed iator,’’ often was seen in newspaper photo- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 53 consecutive years of Government service graphs and on television as he escorted such Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, I am insert- and retired from his post as U.S. marshal for suspects as Leona Helmsley, Bess Myerson, ing for the RECORD an opinion piece I wrote the southern district in New York on October mobster ‘‘Fat Tony’’ Salerno, Michael concerning the need to take action to preserve 15, 1995. Milken, Mafia boss Paul Castellano and Imelda Marcos into federal court. the American middle class: Mr. Imundi was a highly respected marshal His last case was completed earlier this PRESERVING AMERICA’S MIDDLE CLASS in New York and has received numerous month when Sheik Omar Abdel-Rahman was (By Congressman Robert Torricelli) awards and plaques during his long and distin- convicted of plotting the bombing of the Lin- guished career in law enforcement. For 13 coln Tunnel, the United Nations, the Holland Some 50 years ago president Harry Truman years, Mr. Imundi's office has been respon- Tunnel and the Statue of Liberty. asked his assembled economic advisors for their interpretation of his economic policies. sible for the security of 80 Federal judges, 200 ‘‘Imagine what would have happened if they blew up a tunnel, and you had water The economy was faltering, and he needed U.S. attorneys, 80 security officers, 100 mar- cascading all over Manhattan,’’ he said. ‘‘It answers. They told him on the one hand shals and inspectors, and dozens of crime is too horrible to even think about.’’ what was right, and on the other hand what suspects. In recognition of his unfailing dedi- The sheik and his followers were moved was wrong. Harry Truman said that what he cation to his work, I am inserting an article into each day from the Metropolitan Corrections needed was more one-handed economists. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 73 The massive layoffs at AT&T reminded us And we in the government have a respon- Gilroy residents throughout the years. She again this week that indeed, the American sibility to adapt our tax incentives and edu- was the first woman to become president of economy is in two very different and often cational culture in order to succeed in the the Gilroy Hispanic Chamber of Commerce. contradictory hands. We are, on the one 21st century. That means making innovative hand, an extraordinary innovative people. changes to our tax code and making edu- She is president of the Salvation Army Council We have the world’s most productive work- cation and training programs more acces- and a regular volunteer for the Special Olym- ers. Our stock market is booming. We have sible. Here’s what government can do: pics. In addition, Eleanor has lent her skills to captured the technological edge in vital and Establish Individual Training Accounts, volunteer efforts such as the Toys for Tots lucrative fields. We are the world’s largest where employees in good times can save Campaign, the Gilroy Garlic Festival, the Ex- exporter. In many ways, the United States is money tax free so they have the resources change Club, Gilroy 2000, the Hispanic Cul- the marvel of the international economy. available to receive retraining and continu- tural Festival and too many others to include But there is another side to our rapidly ing education to keep up with technological in these remarks. changing economy. In the last decade there advances. Maintaining competitive skills is has been a loss of 20 million jobs due to cor- as important to individuals now as it is to So very significant among Eleanor's con- porate downsizing. One half of all Fortune corporations. tributions is her continuing work with the Odd 500 companies have seen dramatic changes in Give preferential corporate tax treatment Fellow-Rebekah Children's Home where she their employment. In the 1980s, 50 percent of for worker training. Ninety percent of all successfully organized a multi-million dollar those who lost their jobs and found new em- training of employees in America today is campaign to fund a 20,000 square foot expan- ployment, did so at reduced wages. Twenty being done by only one percent of our cor- sion of facilities. The new facilities allow this percent found themselves out of the porations. We need to create incentives to dedicated agency to better meet the demands workforce permanently. And a million of make training American workers a rational of the troubled youths it serves in a more these newly unemployed found themselves business decision again. without health care benefits or pensions. Change the way we asses corporate taxes. home-like setting. A slow motion downsizing is taking place Our current tax code treats equally: exces- Mr. Speaker, on February 2, 1996, the in many corporations across America which sive executive bonuses; excessive compensa- Gilroy Chamber of Commerce will honor Elea- never makes the headlines. Middle class tion; and expenses like compensation for nor Villarreal at its 43d annual meeting and America hangs by a very thin and precious workers and retraining of employees. How- awards dinner. I would like to invite my col- thread. Few of our families are more than a ever, these expenses are not of equal value to leagues in the U.S. House of Representatives serious illness, a technological break- society, they are not of equal value to the fu- to join with me in expressing gratitude and ap- through, or a corporate downsizing away ture of this country, and they should not be preciation to Eleanor for her efforts. from losing a standard of life that took gen- treated equally by our tax code. erations to earn. Reduce capital gains taxes, to ensure that f We are becoming a nation of smaller, lean- the middle class can invest and save, to fi- IN HONOR OF LORI JEAN er, and much more competitive corporations. nally get some security by accumulated sav- The layoffs at AT&T are the most dramatic ings. Only family savings will afford the MACHARA expression of a growing phenomenon of cor- American workforce the financial security it porate restructuring. But unlike General needs to change jobs. HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS Motors or I.B.M. who were in serious finan- Increase the availability of federally- OF PENNSYLVANIA cial crisis, AT&T is strong and profitable. backed student loans, and broaden them to Yet, AT&T has made a prospective decision apply to retraining, vocational, and continu- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about a problem it might or might not face ing education programs. Universities must Wednesday, January 24, 1996 in future years. become more open to all generations who The impact in New Jersey of the loss of will need re-education, and their classes Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, it is with great 7,000 jobs will be exacerbated by the loss of must become more relevant to the local pleasure that I pay tribute to this year's recipi- work for hundreds of contractors in the com- economy. ent of the J. Robert Ladd Community Service munity that depend on the health of the Ensure that workers’ pensions and health Award, Lori Jean Machara of Mount Gretna. company. These layoffs will impact families, care plans are portable. Losing a job must She is a shining example of the volunteer spir- communities, and state and local govern- not mean losing the security of a pension ments. it that so exemplifies central Pennsylvania. and health care coverage. Workers should be In addition to her tireless efforts as the man- The question is not whether we can adapt able to carry their pensions to other compa- to the changing economy, but whether we nies throughout their careers. ager of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Department can do so fairly, while protecting our fami- We are all in this new economy together. of the Good Samaritan Hospital, Lori has been lies, and remaining consistent with our sense These are neither good times nor bad times. active in the hospital auxiliary and been in- of community. To do so, we must re-examine They are different times. And if we are like volved with the Cornwall Children's Center. our responsibilities as corporate citizens, in- all Americans that came before us, we can She is a member of the board of directors of dividuals, and government. make them work for our families, our com- Every corporation has the right and the re- the American Heart Association and coordi- munity, and our country. Together we must nates several activities for the Junior Women's sponsibility to control costs, maximize re- develop good ideas and make sound decisions turns to its investors, to survive and to pros- that help our people deal with rapid eco- Club. per. But, corporate responsibility was never nomic change. We must not allow the mod- I congratulate Lori Jean Machara on a life- to its sources of capital alone, but also to its ernization of America to become the time of success and accomplishment. The employees, its suppliers, and to its commu- downsizing of America. Lebanon area is profoundly richer because of nity. Today’s laid off workers are having a f her work. hard time understanding why their compa- nies allow their chief executive to collect 200 ANNOUNCING THE 1995 RECIPIENT OF THE SERV- ELEANOR VILLARREAL NAMED ICE TO MANKIND AWARD: LORI JEAN times what their average employee makes WOMAN OF THE YEAR per year. And community leaders are having MACHARA a hard time understanding why they pro- As the oldest of 4 children growing up in vided lucrative tax breaks to corporations to HON. ZOE LOFGREN Natrona Heights, PA, it seemed that Lori move into their areas, only to see their OF CALIFORNIA was born into a leadership role. In the words of Lori’s mother, ‘‘she was and still is a per- neighbors thrown out of work with little jus- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tification. fect child’’. Lori’s formative years reads very There had always been a sense of balance Wednesday, January 24, 1996 similar to her present life and included ac- tivities such as class officer in grade school, among these interests. Today’s CEOs, how- Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ever, have lost sight of that importance bal- high school class vice president, active par- ance, and their responsibility to maintain it. salute Eleanor Villarreal, named ``Woman of ticipation in church youth group and Girl In order to succeed in this new economy, cor- the Year'' by the Gilroy Chamber of Com- Scouts, and president of junior achievement. porations must correct the dangerous imbal- merce in Gilroy, CA. I know Eleanor and have She was also an intricate part of a school ance between the interests of financial cap- had the pleasure of working with her over the newspaper and yearbook staff. Duquesne ital and human capital. years on matters important to the district I rep- University was Lori’s home for the next 5 For individual workers, it is increasingly resent in this 104th Congress. Eleanor is years, as she received a B.A. degree in Nurs- unlikely that the corporation they join early being honored for her contributions to our ing, a profession she chose to pursue to a in life will be the same one they end their ca- post graduate level through Penn State Uni- reers with. The age of freelance workers is community as a prolific volunteer and strong versity. upon us. People must now identify less with advocate for children. Lori and her husband, Lou, were married a corporation and more with their skills. It Eleanor Villarreal is well known in Gilroy, shortly after she received her undergraduate means constant re-eduction, flexibility, and having served on numerous local boards and degree and at that time, the Machara family mobility. It means greater self-reliance. for spearheading community events benefiting as a result of Lou’s job, established residency E 74 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 at Mt. Hope Estates, where they lived for ap- ing home environment. Of all of the func- Father Murphy administers to the elderly, proximately 7 years. Through her work as a tions that Lori has served, that which she the sick, and the needy of our community. He nurse, Lori has lived her philosophy that en- does best is provide an excellent role model holds luncheons for the elderly on Tuesdays, compasses a strong work ethic and char- for her daughter. acter, contributing back to society that Although Lebanon County may not be likes to visit the homebound, holds engage- which she has been blessed with throughout aware of her presence, Lori has touched the ment encounters, visits Mt. Sinai, and the her life. Lori served The Good Samaritan lives of many individuals through her active Miami Heart Institute and serves as the chap- Hospital with her skills and talents as a participation in her community. It is with lain of the Miami Beach Police Department. medical/surgical nurse prior to her associa- great pride that the Lebanon Valley Sertoma Father Murphy's parishioners think he is a tion with the Cardiac Rehabilitation depart- Club honors Lori Jean Machara as the 1995 terrific pastor. He has said the pain his move ment. Historically, the cardiac rehabilita- recipient of the J. Robert Ladd Community is causing his parishioners is the hardest part tion program consisted of a patient room Service Award for Service to Mankind. May for him and reminds him of the French song converted to an exercise facility housing 3 her example of selflessness emulate through- pieces of equipment. Presently, Lori is man- out the community and continue to touch Plaisir D'Amour, which he remembers from his ager of Cardiac Rehab, and through her lead- the lives of our fellow citizens. childhood in Ireland. ``The joys of love are but ership abilities, the department has grown to f a moment long. The pain endures the whole an extent that it is now housed in the ground life through.'' floor of the Cardiac Cath Lab, serving over AWARDING CONGRESSIONAL GOLD St. Patrick's and the town of Miami Beach 1,000 community patients providing them MEDAL TO RUTH AND BILLY are losing not only a wonderful pastor but a with 21 pieces of equipment plus a universal GRAHAM good friend. Father Murphy will surely be weight set, nutrition education, and an exer- cise program to rehabilitate those who have missed for the outstanding contributions he experienced cardiac disease. The center bene- HON. W.G. (BILL) HEFNER has made to his parish and community. Our fits GSH employees as well, with fitness OF NORTH CAROLINA Lady of Lakes will count their blessings when evaluations and personalized exercise pro- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES they see what a wonderful addition their parish gramming. At a recent Pennsylvania work- is getting. site health promotion conference held in Wednesday, January 24, 1996 f Harrisburg, PA, which hosted 275 attendees, Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to The Good Samaritan Hospital’s employee take this opportunity to commend this body for BUSINESS HONORED FOR health program was rated among the top 4 in COMMUNITY SPIRIT its content which includes educational and its passage of H.R. 2657 to award a congres- incentive aspects. In addition to her full sional gold medal to Ruth and Billy Graham. time employment through The Good Samari- In a time when society is torn by the con- HON. ZOE LOFGREN tan Hospital, Lori and Lou maintain a fam- flicting messages it receives, it is appropriate OF CALIFORNIA ily business at the Renaissance Faire. that we honor a couple whose decency and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Branching out from her responsibilities moral character is exemplified in everything Wednesday, January 24, 1996 through Hospital employment, Lori also they do. From their involvement with the flood serves as secretary for the Hospital auxil- Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to iary. Upon her initiative, the Fair has a victims of India to championing the cause of Hearty Fare Booth which provides low-fat children through the Ruth and Billy Graham salute a business in California's 16th District and low-cholesterol foods. As Lori strives to Children's Center, the commitment that these that has been honored for its generous sup- promote intellectual development as well as two have to others is unfailing. port of local nonprofit organizations. South physical development, she has been involved No matter where the Lord has called them Valley Disposal and Recycling, Inc., of Gilroy, with the Cornwall Children’s Center since its to go, they have been there, overcoming chal- CA, was selected as Business of the Year by conception, in capacities ranging from a lenges which would have impeded the aver- the Gilroy Chamber of Commerce because of child’s mom to a board member. its contributions to the community. Through Lori who is a member of the age person. But then these are no two aver- board of directors of the American Heart As- age people. Citizens the world over could South Valley Disposal and Recycling, Inc., sociation, a Heart At Work program was co- learn a lesson or two from Ruth and Billy. I, has been involved in many efforts to help the ordinated. She is chairperson for both the for one, am very proud to count them among needy in Gilroy and Santa Clara County. Its Lebanon County Heart At Work task force my fellow North Carolinians. management and employees have success- and the Worksite task force for the Penn- f fully promoted the biannual food drive for the sylvania affiliates. She was nominated for Second Harvest Food Bank as well as chari- volunteer of the year in 1994, and attained TRIBUTE TO FATHER JAMES PAUL table drives by the Salvation Army and Toys awards for The Good Samaritan Hospital, in- MURPHY for Tots Programs. Their support has helped cluding Most Creative Activity for the Leb- anon division and Heart At Work Company the nonprofit Odd Fellow-Rebekah Children's of the year. As the Heart Association Na- HON. E. CLAY SHAW, JR. Home provide care and health services to chil- tional Representative, Lori has provided lec- OF FLORIDA dren in crisis. tures in several states. Cornwall Lebanon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Additionally, South Valley Disposal and Re- School District attributes the success of cycling, Inc., is working to keep our environ- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 their smoke free program to Lori Machara. ment clean by promoting recycling opportuni- Amazingly, Lori is as active with the Jun- Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to rec- ties, taking a proactive role through public ior Women’s Club as she has been with every ognize a man who has brought 15 years of joy education. organization with which she becomes in- to his parishioners at St. Patrick Church in volved. Annually, she volunteers at the Mt. Mr. Speaker, it is my pleasure to express Gretna Art Show, chairs a kick-off buffet for Miami Beach, FL. Unfortunately, his arch- gratitude and appreciation to South Valley Dis- over 80 people, coordinates the children’s bishop has decided that his talents are more posal and Recycling, Inc., as it is recognized Halloween and Christmas parties, and in- needed elsewhere. by the Gilroy Chamber of Commerce. stills family values and cohesiveness by or- I speak of Father James Paul Murphy, origi- f ganizing monthly activities, including edu- nally of Cork, Ireland. Last year Father Murphy cational trips, ski outings, Easter egg hunts, celebrated 25 years in the priesthood, the past A FOND FAREWELL TO AN EDUCA- and Mother/Daughter banquets. Lori was 15 of which have been spent at St. Patrick TOR OF MORE THAN 40 YEARS previously a board member for the Junior Church. Coincidentally, Father Murphy came Women’s Club. The Albert A. Alley Devel- opmental and Disability Services facility re- to St. Patrick's the same year that I came to HON. JACK KINGSTON cently benefitted by $15,000 due to the efforts Congress. This parish holds a particularly spe- OF GEORGIA of Lori in chairing an annual American Girl cial place in my heart, as I was baptized there. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fashion show, an enormous project requiring Before coming to St. Patrick Church, Father a mailing list of 25,000 people. Murphy was the director of the youth office at Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Most importantly, Lori contributes most the chancellory of the Archdiocese of Miami. Mr. KINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, in Richmond of her energies to creating family unity. She Since Father Murphy joined St. Patrick's he Hill, GA, there was not much room to stand in and Lou are very involved in their daughter, Jessica’s, activities both in her education has continued his work with the youth in the the multipurpose room of the Richmond Hill and gymnastic and dance studies. Lou has community and is well liked by the children in Primary School as hundreds gathered to chosen one word to describe Lori and that is school. He has formed a program for the honor the woman that has had the most im- ‘‘stability’’. Through her caring, giving and youth in the parish, as well as a child care pact on this growing coastal community just enduring disposition, Lori has created a lov- center. south of Savannah. Frances Meeks has taught January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 75 and served as a school administrator to thou- NEW BEDFORD HONORS LEON the information it needs if it is to deal honestly sands in this bustling community, and their ad- DASH with its gravest problems. Leon Dash does miration showed in the huge turnout and many this with excellence and commitment. gifts that were presented in her honor during HON. BARNEY FRANK f a retirement ceremony this past November. OF MASSACHUSETTS PERSONAL EXPLANATION At the ceremony honored guests, col- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leagues, and friends spoke about the many Wednesday, January 24, 1996 HON. JIM LIGHTFOOT special memories they had of her. Appro- Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, OF IOWA priately, Meeks was presented with a portrait on Martin Luther King Day I was very pleased IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Anne of Green Gables, whom a Canadian to be able to attend a breakfast organized by Wednesday, January 24, 1996 educator made famous in a series of novels. the Black Professional Association of New Mr. LIGHTFOOT. Mr. Speaker, I would like Bedford, MA. She was also presented with a U.S. flag flown the RECORD to show that I was unavoidable at the Capitol and a letter of congratulations The event was attended by hundreds of detained for rollcall votes 13, 14, and 15. Had people, and was an impressive tribute to Dr. from U.S. Congressman JACK KINGSTON (R- I been present I would have voted ``yes'' on GA). Among other items that she received King. The main speaker at the breakfast was, H.R. 2657, S. 1341, and H.R. 2726. Thank very appropriately, Leon Dash, now an award were: A scrapbook with newspaper clippings, you. winning reporter for the Washington Post, and a State flag and a proclamation from the f a native of New Bedford Georgia Legislature, and a special gift from Mr. Dash's speech was an extraordinarily RECOGNIZING U.S. FIGURE SKAT- the teachers and staff of Richmond Hill Pri- thoughtful and informative discussion of the ING CHAMPION RUDY GALINDO mary School. Media specialist Bob Fennel pre- problems of teenage pregnancy. It reflected sented Meeks with a plaque rededicating the the painstaking and creative investigative work HON. ZOE LOFGREN library at the school in her name. Also a schol- he has done on this subject, and indeed Mr. OF CALIFORNIA arship was announced by the Bryan Bank and Dash's work represents one of the major con- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Trust in her name that will benefit aspiring tributions that anyone has made to our under- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 teachers. standing of this important problem. Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to A 1953 graduate of the University of Geor- The quality of the speech Mr. Dash gave is an indication of the high quality of the work he recognize the outstanding achievement of my gia with a degree in home economics, she has done as a journalist and sociologist over constituent, Rudy Galindo whoÐas of Satur- began her teaching career in Richmond Hill as the past several decades. After graduating day, January 20, in his native city of San a home economics instructor in 1954. She from Howard University in 1968, he worked as Jose, CaliforniaÐbecame the reigning U.S. was certified in elementary education at Geor- a reporter at the Washington Post, and then figure skating champion. gia Southern College in 1956. By 1975, and joined the Peace Corps serving as a volunteer While that accomplishment alone is worthy several teaching positions later, Meeks re- teaching in a rural high school in Kenya from of accolades and admiration, it is even more ceived her masters in elementary education 1969 to 1970. In 1971 he returned to the Post, praiseworthy when one considers the personal from nearby Armstrong State College in Sa- serving from 1979 to 1984 as West Africa's tragedy and professional obstacles Rudy had vannah. bureau chief. At that point he joined the news- to overcome to capture the gold medal at this paper's investigative desk where he continues year's national championship. Throughout her life, Meeks has taught at dif- Rudy first rose to national prominence in the to work and where he does enormously impor- ferent grade levels at several schools. It was skating world when he and Olympic gold med- not until 1976 that she shifted gears and tant journalism. His book on teenage pregnancy, ``When alist Kristi Yamaguchi combined their talents began serving at the administration level. Children Want Children: The Urban Crisis in to win the 1989 and 1990 pairs competition. Following their success, both skaters em- Since that time, she served as assistant prin- Teenage Childbearing'' was published in 1989, barked on solo careers. But Rudy had much cipal for 5 years and principal for 14. All of and he has also coauthored ``The Shame of more to contend with than the adversaries he those who have worked with Meeks share an the Prisons'' which was published in 1972. would face on the ice. equal admiration for her innovative approach Last year, along with Washington Post photog- to working with children. She was always open Personal tragedy struck the Galindo family rapher Lucian Perkins, Mr. Dash won the Pul- in 1993 when his father suffered a fatal heart to new ideas and had an open door policy itzer Prize for Explanatory Journalism. He also attack and his brother died from symptoms re- with her colleagues. in that year won first prize for print journalism lated to AIDS that same year. Rudy had al- Among the groups that Meeks is, or was, a from the Robert F. Kennedy Book and Jour- ready lost his coach, Jim Hulick, to cancer in part of are: PAGE [Professional Association of nalism awards. And in 1990 his book received 1989. If that were not enough, another of Georgia Educators], Delta Kappa Gamma So- a PEN/Martha Albrand special citation for Rudy's coaches, Rick Inglesi, died of AIDS in ciety International, Epsilon Sigma Alpha Inter- nonfiction work. He has also won the Wash- 1995. ington Independent Writers President's Award national, PTSO, SACS Initial Accreditation Despite his personal loss and professional for excellence in urban affairs reporting, first Team and the Georgia Association of Elemen- setbacks, Rudy persevered, even though the prizeÐPublic Service from the Washington- odds were often not in his favor. tary Schools. She has served as a Sunday Baltimore Newspaper Guild, the international school teacher, organized the Richmond Hill To win the national championship, he had to reporting awards of Africare and the Capitol best a field of nationally recognized skaters, Garden Club, organized the annual Richmond Press Club, and the George Polk Award of the including two former national champions. Hill Fourth of July celebration and organized Overseas Press Club. Mr. Dash has won a Unlike many of his competitors, Rudy could the Richmond Hill unit of the American Heart number of other awards as well, and they re- not afford some of the advantages available to Association. flect the extremely high quality of his work, other skaters who had secured the financial It is difficult to sum up the impact that and his dedication to helping provide our soci- backing of sponsors and skating organizations Meeks has had on this growing southeast ety with the information we need if we are to to subsidize their training costs. Georgia community, but not too many people deal seriously with the problems that confront Rudy paid for his own choreographer, his can claim such a gala event at their retirement us. own costumes, and his own music, and got Racism is the unhappiest legacy of our Na- ceremony. The many items presented to his sister, Laura Galindo, to serve as his tion's history. We have struggled hard with this coach. To cover the costs of his career, Rudy Meeks reflect the deep rooted feelings of terrible legacy over the past decades, and we taught skating to children in his spare time. He those whom she has touched throughout her have made significant progress in lessening its lived with his mother and rode his bike to life. She will most definitely be missed in the terrible affects. But much remains to be done, work. education field of Georgia. She will now be and our ability to continue this work in the In spite of the obstacles he encountered, able to spend some quality time with her spirit of Dr. Martin Luther King, is enormously San Jose's Rudy GalindoÐbolstered by the grandchildren and enjoy the good life. Assum- enhanced by the kind of serious, thoughtful highly charged cheers of a hometown audi- ing the role as principal of the Richmond Hill and intellectually honest work that Leon Dash enceÐskated into the history books last Satur- Primary School will be Dahlia Davis. She will does. There is no greater service that some- day night, becoming the first Mexican-Amer- no doubt have some tough shoes to fill. one can perform than to give to a democracy ican to win the national championship. E 76 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 With the athleticism of a Michael Jordan and helping his community. He was known to must meet. Through its 85 years, this program the grace of a Mikhail Baryshnikov, Rudy skat- many and was a dear and close personal has honed and enhanced the leadership skills ed his way to the national crown, completing friend of mine. He was like a second father to and commitment to public service of many eight triple jumps while gliding to the music of me. outstanding Americans. Swan Lake. His artistic and physical talents Please join me as I express my regret at the It is my sincere belief that these young men earned him the only two perfect scores hand- loss of Fay Patterson, and my profoundest will continue their public service, and, in so ed out by the judges at the competition. condolences to his two sons, Ray and Fay, doing, will further distinguish themselves and Rudy disappointed only his competitors and Jr., and his two grandsons, of whom he was better their communities. the odds-makers who had labeled him a long extremely proud. shot. f f But Rudy beat the odds, and in doing so he has joined the ranks of other great skaters YOUNG MEN ATTAIN RANK OF TRIBUTE TO THE LATE MRS. from the Bay Area, most notably Peggy Flem- EAGLE SCOUT ISABEL GREENWALD ing, Kristi Yamaguchi, Brian Boitano, and Debi Thomas. HON. JACK REED HON. PETER DEUTSCH OF RHODE ISLAND On and off the ice, Rudy Galindo has dem- OF FLORIDA onstrated the courage and perseverance of a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES national champion. Wednesday, January 24, 1996 f Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to sa- TRIBUTE TO FAY PATTERSON lute a distinguished group of young men from Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, it is with deep Rhode Island who have attained the rank of regret and great sadness that I announce the HON. SAM FARR Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America. death of Mrs. Isabel Greenwald on January The young men recognized for their note- 23, 1996. I join the members of the Greenwald OF CALIFORNIA family, Isabel's many friends, and the greater IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES worthy achievement include: Dennis L. Arnold, Steven Bailey, John James Joseph Banks, J. south Florida community in mourning her loss. Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Nicholas Betley, Roger Alan Bonin, Brian T. The passing of this dedicated individual brings Mr. FARR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Breguet, Benjamin T. Brillat, Jeremy S. Brown, to a close a life committed to serving others. honor the memory and exceptional life of Mr. James Adrian Butler, Benjamin Caito, Frank I rise in order to share with my colleagues Fay Patterson, a dear friend, active member in Caliri, Christopher J. Cardillo, Christopher J. some information regarding this distinguished the community, and veteran of three wars, Cawley, Joseph A. Chappelle, Kenneth C. individual. who passed away January 8, 1996, at the age Collins, Edward A. Darragh, Frank A. Denette Isabel was born in New York at the turn of of 80. IV, Christopher Joseph DiMase, Daniel J. the century. As an early signal of her commit- Mr. Patterson was born in South Carolina Dorson, Erik Fields, Todd Michael Fisher, Vin- ment and drive to the community, she became on June 15, 1915. He served this Nation in cent A. Fusaro, Michael Alfred Henry, Michael one of the first female members of the New the Army during World War II in both France J. Hogan, Scott E. Hopkins, Vincenzo R. York State Bar Association. As an attorney in and Germany. He was also a veteran of the Iacobucci, Douglas Everett Jameson, Peter Eli New York, she focused on protecting the Korean war and the Vietnam war. He was Jetty, Michael R. Kachanis, Kevin A. rights of the family and preserving social jus- awarded the Bronze Star. Kazlauskas, Kurt J. Kazlauskas, Patrick Keen- tice. From 1944 to 1953, living in Savannah, GA, an, Brian Lafaille, David W. Lowell, Chris- Mr. Speaker, upon moving to south Florida, Mr. Patterson continued to serve the American topher Mark Lundsten, Frederick William Isabel immediately undertook a leadership role people as a police officer. In 1959, he began Lumb, Luke A. Magnus, Anthony Mangiarelli, in her new community. In response to her 37 years of active residency in Seaside where Nicholas Marsella, Andrew Paul McGuirl, Ste- neighborhood's need, she became president he served as provost marshall at Forth Ord ven Barry Mendall Jr., Nathan E. Moreau, Eric of the Sunrise Lakes Phase III Condominium until he retired. He then worked as an airport Oldford, Keith E. Piehler, John H. Potvin, An- Association. For 21 years, her immense dedi- police officer for the Monterey Peninsula Air- drew Qualls, Kent D. Rutter, Kevin cation and hard work paid off and she was port District until 1977. Schwendiman, Mark N. Schwendiman, Craig able to successfully lead one of largest con- He was interested in not only providing for E. Scorpio, Colin M. Segovis, Guy Scott dominium associations in Fort Lauderdale the welfare of the Nation through his service Shaffer, Kevin A. Silva, Jeremy P. Skaling, through the rapidly changing south Florida en- in the Army, but also as an active member of James M.R. Sloan, Stanley Sosnowski, Jason vironment. She became the person everyone the community. During the Christmas season, E. Soules, Russell Wallis, Jonathan went to when they were seeking advice on a Mr. Patterson was especially generous in giv- Watterson, Aaron Michael Wilbur, Robert Allen troubling issue. ing his time to help the needy and promote Wilcox, Mark S. Wong, and Rory W. Wood. Upon her retirement as an attorney, Isabel activities for the young. Not every young American who joins the undertook one of her greatest challenges by Mr. Patterson was an active member of the Boy Scouts earns the prestigious Eagle Scout focusing her insatiable amounts of energy to NAACP, having served as chairman of the Award. In fact, only 2.5 percent of all Boy helping out the neediest in her community. registration committee and as a board mem- Scouts receive this honor. To earn the award, She began an organization of retired attorneys ber of the local NAACP chapter. His participa- a Boy Scout must fulfill requirements in the that provided pro bono legal services to the tion in the American Legion, Kiwanis, Friend- areas of leadership, service, and outdoor community and she lobbied Congress to pass ship Baptist Church, the Monterey County skills. He must earn 21 merit badges, 11 of legislation that would provide affordable hous- Sheriff's Department Advisory Committee and which must be from areas such as citizenship ing for the elderly. This untiring effort just re- the Monterey County Board of Parol was in the community, citizenship in the Nation, cently came to fruition as the Housing for strongly felt and will be sorely missed in his citizenship in the world, safety, environmental Older Persons Act of 1995 was recently en- absence. science, and first aid. acted into law. In all of these endeavors, she While serving as an assemblyman in the As he progresses through the Boy Scout approached her goals with the highest level of California State Legislature, I was privileged to ranks, a Scout must participate in increasingly commitment and dedication. present a resolution honoring Mr. Patterson for more responsible service projects. He must During her lifetime, Isabel Greenwald his dedicated service to the community. In also demonstrate leadership skills by holding earned the respect and admiration of her col- conjunction with the resolution, the Monterey one or more specific youth leadership posi- leagues and others throughout the community. County Board of Supervisors presented a res- tions in his patrol and/or troop. The young She was a social activist whose stature rests olution for faithful service and a certificate for men now earning the rank of Eagle Scout upon a lifetime of commitment to service, so- outstanding volunteer service. The city of Sea- have distinguished themselves in accordance cial justice, equality, and opportunity for all side also honored him with a proclamation for with these criteria. people. Those of us who knew her loved her outstanding service. In 1985, the board of su- Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my colleagues deeply. She was a woman of intellect and dig- pervisors recognized his efforts to register to join me in saluting thee Eagle Scouts. In nity, a guiding light of the community, and she thousands of voters. turn, we must duly recognize the Boy Scouts was very special to all who knew her. She will As you can see, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Patterson of America for establishing the Eagle Scout be impossible to replace and we will miss her spent his entire life serving this country and Award and the strenuous criteria its aspirants very much. January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 77 PERSONAL EXPLANATION begin by thanking the chairman and the rank- we pass this bill and have the President sign ing member of the National Security Commit- it into law. HON. MAXINE WATERS tee who worked hard to bridge their dif- ferences and produce a bill that the President f OF CALIFORNIA will sign into law. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I would like to point out that I voted against IN PRAISE OF THE PBS AND MR. Wednesday, January 24, 1996 this conference report back in December be- GEORGE COVINGTON Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, due to pressing cause of the objectionable language governing personal business, I was unable to vote on the national missile defense policy and the restric- HON. CHARLES WILSON conference report on S. 1124, the Department tions on the President's constitutional preroga- OF TEXAS tives to make foreign policy. My vote against of Defense Authorization bill. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Although this conference report did make the initial conference report was the first time Wednesday, January 24, 1996 important changes from the version which was in my congressional career that I cast a ``no'' vetoed by President Clinton, there remain seri- vote on a defense bill, be it authorization or Mr. WILSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ous policy issues such as the proposed re- appropriations. Moreover, the reservations and congratulate a friend and fellow Texan, Mr. strictions of overseas abortion and the lan- the objections to the original conference report George Covington, on his upcoming appear- guage requiring the discharge of HIV-positive by the respected Senator from Georgia, Mr. ance on the Public Television series ``People NUNN, cast serious doubt on the wisdom of personnel, about which I continue to have se- in Motion.'' enacting such restrictive and potentially harm- rious concerns. As such, had I been present, George has spent the past 20 years estab- ful language. I would have voted ``no''. lishing himself as one of this country's most As President Clinton said it last night, ``since vocal advocates for the millions of Americans f the dawn of the nuclear age, there is not a with disabilities. He worked for and has been single Russian missile pointed at the United GILROY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE a member of the President's Committee on States and North Korea has frozen its dan- HONORS MAN OF THE YEAR TOM Employment of People with Disabilities. He gerous nuclear weapons program.'' We have CARR served on the staff of former Speaker Jim accomplished that because both Democratic Wright as the speaker's disability specialist and Republican administrations have worked and for Vice President Dan Quayle, as Special HON. ZOE LOFGREN tirelessly to ratify the START Treaty which sig- Assistant for Disability Policy. With my office, OF CALIFORNIA nificantly reduced the nuclear stockpile be- he designed and implemented the first fully IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tween the former Soviet Union and the United accessible mapping of Capitol Hill and the States. And now we are on the verge of fur- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 monuments. This project, the Tactile Capital, ther reducing weapons of mass destruction by Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to embracing START II. provided hand-held braille and table-top scale join the Gilroy Chamber of Commerce in hon- We cannot and should not do anything to maps of Washington, DC, that brought our Na- oring Mr. Tom Carr of Gilroy, CA, for his ex- endanger the prospects for ratification of tion's capital into focus for the first time for traordinary volunteer efforts. Mr. Carr has START II. I voted against the conference re- millions of visitors with low or no vision. been named ``Man of the Year'' after also re- port in December precisely because it amount- He is an internationally recognized speaker ceiving ``Volunteer of the Year'' recognition ed to an anticipatory breach of the Anti-Ballis- on universal design, disability rights, and pho- from the city of Gilroy and the ``Elk's Distin- tic Missile Treaty. Further, the language con- tography. That last entry is particularly note- guished Citizenship Award.'' tained in the bill would have had a significant worthy, because George has been legally What is so noteworthy about Mr. Carr is the impact on Russian consideration of the blind since birth and now has only 5 percent pride that he takes in his community and his START II Treaty which will reduce Russian usable vision. His career has spanned the dedication toward keeping his city safe and nuclear weapons by 25 percent. fields of law, journalism, education, govern- beautiful. I am aware that Mr. Carr spends on I am pleased to see that the language re- ment, and disability civil rights. But he is the average several hours each day eradicating garding the deployment of a national missile first to tell you point blank that he does not graffiti from throughout the city. His work defense system was struck from the bill as want the burden of being ``inspirational'' to sends a signal, loud and clear, that we will not well as the language restricting the President's able-bodied peopleÐand add that this is the allow taggers to take over our neighborhoods. ability to utilize U.S. troops for peacekeeping wish of most people with disabilities. That is important, because fighting graffiti is a missions. It is clear by now that for all of the It is for this reason that George's appear- vital step toward keeping our streets safe. dire predictions and the harsh rhetoric aimed ance is so very appropriate and important to Likewise, Mr. Carr has been a staunch sup- at the President's proposal to send troops to a series like ``People in Motion.'' He has spent porter of our local police department by help- enforce the peace in Bosnia, the President's most of his life fighting negative images, ing to raise funds for special projects that en- plan has largely been a success thus far. We myths, and stereotypes about people with dis- able the department to better serve the public. have stopped the bloodshed and have ush- abilities. Mr. Speaker, on February 2, 1996, at the ered in new hope for the future of all Serbs, Last year PBS broadcast the first install- Gilroy Chamber of Commerce's Annual Meet- Muslims, and Croatians. ments of this unique series. In April, PBS sta- ing and Awards Dinner, Mr. Carr will formally While I applaud the compromise that was tions around the country will air three new epi- receive his award. At this time, I would like to made with respect to this conference report, I sodes of ``People in Motion.'' Like the premier invite my colleagues in the U.S. House of am dismayed that the conference committee episodes, these seek to break through the Representatives to join me in saluting this fine neglected to delete the abortion language and standard media representation of people with community volunteer. the language that discharges those HIV-posi- disabilities, and will help change forever the f tive service members. way most of us see those with a disability. I think it is important for the Congress to With a census estimate of 49 million Ameri- DOD AUTHORIZATION take note that this was the first time in dec- cans falling into this constituency, I suggest CONFERENCE REPORT ades, a defense appropriations bill was en- that it is important for us to learn more about acted without an authorization bill being en- these fellow citizens. HON. VIC FAZIO acted first. I want to commend PBS for its commitment OF CALIFORNIA I support the compromise version of the to ``People in Motion'' as well as recognize the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES conference report knowing that this bill author- important contribution of local public television izes more money than I would personally pre- stations planning to air this series. I urge you Wednesday, January 24, 1996 fer. But given the realities of our current mis- to watch this outstanding series, so that we Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, I rise reluctantly in sion in Bosnia, the need to maintain military may all applaud the work of people like support of the fiscal year 1996 Defense au- readiness and move forward with defense George Covington and the foresight of PBS thorization conference report. I would like to conversion efforts, I believe it is important that programming. E 78 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 ROGER ERICKSON’S DEPARTURE Erickson will continue to participate in ship lasted until 1992, when Boone cut back FROM THE WCCO GOOD MORNING prerecorded ‘‘Good Morning’’ features, such his hours. They reigned supreme in the SHOW as the ‘‘Minnesota Hospital’’ spoofs. He’ll mornings for almost three decades, chal- still do personalized plugs for certain adver- lenged only by the Knapp and Donuts team tisers and work on Saturdays with Charlie on KSTP–FM in the ’80s and finally edged HON. BRUCE F. VENTO Boone. But he’s handing over the helm of the out in, the ’90s by Tom Barnard’s morning OF MINNESOTA weekday show to Dave Lee, who has been crew on KORS–FM. The ‘‘Good Morning IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES part of it for the past four years. Show’’ remains one of WCCO’s strengths. Erickson dropped out of Monday mornings Wednesday, January 24, 1996 I’ll still be around the station four or five days a week,’’ Erickson said Wednesday. ‘‘I last fall, a move designed to lighten his Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, today I want to may even do some live stuff occasionally. workload and give heir apparent Lee an op- pay tribute to Roger Erickson, one of Min- ‘‘I won’t be doing school closings, my one portunity to flex some different muscles. claim to fame,’’ he added. ‘‘I feel very comfortable leaving now,’’ nesota's special radio personalities, as he Erickson said. ‘‘It’s in good hands.’’ steps down from hosting WCCO Radio's Good Erickson said he had been talking with general manager Jim Gustafson for some f Morning Show. Although Roger Erickson is not time about cutting back. ‘‘Roger actually retiring, as of February 1, 1996, after 35 years wanted to make this change sooner, but he ENDING COLA INEQUITY on the WCCO Station Good Morning Show, graciously agreed to wait until now,’’ Gus- he will hand over control of the program to his tafson said. HON. SAM FARR new on-air partner, Dave Lee. Erickson lists his age at 47, but that’s in OF CALIFORNIA Just a few years ago, Charlie Boone, a Jack Benny years. He’s actually closer to 67, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and he concedes that his wife, Margaret, has long-time cohost, stepped out of this special Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Good Morning program and, in a way, been after him for years to make some ad- justments that would allow him to stay up a Erickson's departure marks the end of an era. Mr. FARR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to dis- little later than his usual 7:30 or 8 p.m. cuss an issue of great importance to our Na- I have no doubt, based on the good talent of Erickson said he has never seen ‘‘ER,’’ let Dave Lee and the format, Good Morning will tion's military retirees: COLA equity. alone ‘‘Late Show with David Letterman.’’ The thousands of veterans and military retir- remain a Minnesota early morning tradition. ‘‘I hear there are people who eat dinner as ees in my district have repeatedly asked that But the warm surround sound of Roger late as 6 o’clock,’’ he said. ‘‘Is that true?’’ the inequity in COLA's for military and Federal Erickson's dulcet tone crooning ``Good Morn- ‘‘You really don’t have a life at night,’’ he civilians be endedÐmost recently during a ing'' or school announcements will be missed. continued, more seriously. ‘‘I know I’m not veterans' town hall meeting I held last week. Over the past three and a half decades, the only one. I know there are a whole lot of people doing a variety of jobs who have those This House has been unprecedented in Roger Erickson has become a preeminent kind of hours, so I’m not going to sit here dedicating itself toward ending the problem of voice in Minnesota morning radio. Roger has and complain. I’ve had just a great run. I’ve inequity in military cost of living adjustments relayed the news with insight and compassion loved doing that morning show.’’ for military retirees. Early last year, legislation and entertained us with stories and humorous Erickson, born and raised in Winthrop, was introduced by my colleague, Mr. JIM sketches. His school closing announcements Minn., studied theater at the University of Minnesota. MORAN, to end COLA inequity. The House have become a Minnesota institution: Genera- also included a provision ending the disparity tions of children have listened breathlessly to He gushes about the great early training he got doing radio drama for campus station in COLA's in the budget reconciliation billÐa Roger on cold winter mornings hoping to hear KUOM–AM. provision which, unfortunately, was removed their school called. Roger's warmth, spontane- Erickson left a Stillwater radio station in by the Senate. In response, my Republican ity, and imagination have earned him thou- 1959 to take his first job in Minneapolis, colleague, Mr. BILL YOUNG, introduced a new, sands of loyal listeners. Some conjecture has which wasn’t as one would guess, at the Good fast-track bill to accomplish the same task. I it that in his youth he was a character in a Neighbor of the North—or even on radio. am proud to have cosponsored both Mr. Charlie Brown comic strip. ‘‘I auditioned at WCCO about 2,000 times,’’ Erickson recalled. ‘‘I knew it was where I YOUNG's and Mr. MORAN's bills, and I applaud Roger Erickson's radio shows have been the tenacity with which the House leadership popular not only because he is a gifted broad- wanted to be, but I’m sure that, like most radio stations, they listened to the tape and has pursued this important matter. caster, but because he truly understands Min- then they put it aside. So I never got a call. A provision to end the COLA inequity prob- nesota and the culture of subtle Scandinavian And then the Bozo opportunity came up.’’ lem was included in the conference report of humor. Roger was raised on a farm in Win- The Bozo opportunity? the Department of Defense authorization bill, throp and studied speech and theater at the Erickson said the original Bozo the Clown, which the House approved today. While I University of Minnesota. He was determined to Chicago broadcaster Larry Harmon, syn- strongly supported the provision, I could not work for WCCO Radio and, in 1959, took a dicated his show’s format to TV stations support the entire bill, a bill which mandated a around the country, which had only to hire a job as Bozo the Clown on WCCO-TV in Min- $7 million increase in defense spending over neapolis to get his foot in the door at the sta- live clown to talk to kids and introduce the provided cartoons. the President's original budget. tion. Within 2 months he was offered a WCCO ‘‘I thought, ‘This is the opportunity I’m This spending increase comes at a time Radio job, and he has continued there ever looking for. I’m going to go into [radio] when other Federal programsÐespecially pro- since, enthralling local audiences with spoofs through the back door. I’m going to go in grams serving veteransÐare suffering from like ``Minnesota Hospital,'' ``Charlie's Cafe Me- through television.’’’ serious budget cuts. For example, last year's diocre,'' ``Air Lutefiska,'' and, most recently, Erickson auditioned to be Bozo at WCCO– Veterans Affairs budget, which provides for fishing stories from two characters, Gill and TV, Channel 4, and got the job. Two months medical care for millions of veterans and mili- Finn. later, the radio station offered him a job as tary retirees and the construction and improve- WCCO Radio prides itself on its Good well. After a couple of years of night work, ment of VA medical facilities, was cut by near- Neighbor approach to broadcasting and Roger WCCO teamed Erickson with Maynard ly $1 billion from 1994. At the very least, we Erickson exemplifies the very best of the Good Speece (‘‘a great storyteller who regularly cannot speak about mutual sacrifice in ending Neighbor tradition. Although we will miss hear- challenged the parameters of Minnesota the deficit at the same time that we actually in- ing Roger's voice every day on the Good taste’’) on the 5 to 7 a.m. shift and with crease spending in defense. Morning Show, we are pleased he is continu- Charlie Boone in the afternoons. I will continue to support the House's legis- ing his work at WCCO in other capacities and ‘‘I would run over [to Channel 4] between 7 lative efforts to remove the COLA inequity wish him the very best in all his endeavors. and 9 and put on the [Bozo] makeup and the once and for all. Our Nation's military retirees costume and do some live spots for maybe [From the Minneapolis Star-Tribune, Jan. 4, deserve no less. Hostess Twinkies, take the makeup off, run 1996] back,’’ Erickson said, ‘‘Charlie and I would f NO MORE SCHOOL CLOSINGS FOR ERICKSON AS start working on our afternoon show, work OUR 2 CENTS’ WORTH HE LEAVES COHOST ROLE AT WCCO up to 1 o’clock, go on the air 1 to 3. About (By Noel Holston) 3:30, I go back over to television, prepare the Shouldn’t there be an honorary school Bozo show, which went from 4:30 to 5. And at HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. closing or something? least once or twice a week, I’d visit a store OF MICHIGAN WCCO Radio’s Roger Erickson says he has as Bozo the Clown, with about a thousand IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES had enough of the early-to-bed, early-to-rise kids lined up. And I wouldn’t have had it any Wednesday, January 24, 1996 lifestyle that’s been his for almost 35 years. other way. It was fantastic.’’ He plans to give up his cohost role on ’CCO’s Boone and Erickson eventually became the Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday ‘‘Good Morning Show’’ on Feb. 1. morning team, and their weekday partner- marked the first day workplace and civil rights January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 79 laws have been applied to this body. Now laws, members of Congress should be man (or proved even though the filing rate for civil Congress is required to play by the same woman) enough to live up to that require- cases increased dramatically. rules as everyone else. ment. Before Tom DeLay votes for trimming On December 18, 1990, Judge Blake was But there is still at least one special excep- Medicare, he should whittle down his own elected as president judge. During his term of Government-financed health insurance. If he tion the Congressional Accountability Act did expects Federal workers to show up for free, office as president judge, the criminal section not eliminate: Congress gets paid during Fed- so should he. of the trial division of the Court of Common eral shutdowns while other Federal employees Until then, he can forget our helping to Pleas was finally relocated to the newly com- do not. pay his salary. Come April 15, our joint tax pleted Criminal Justice Center. This was a We can clear up this matter by passing H.R. return will be 2 cents short. That ought to long-term project which was conceived, and 2658, a bill I introduced which would suspend send a message: keeping Congress in line is a nurtured due primarily to the efforts of Judge Member's salaries during Federal shutdowns hard job, but somebody has to do it. Blake. and furloughs. It is only fair that Congress be f Judge Blake's accomplishments, as a dedi- treated like every other Federal employee. If COMMENDATION FOR THE cated officer in the Army and a distinguished we are serious about playing by the same HONORABLE EDWARD J. BLAKE judge in the courtroom, has earned him re- rules that govern everyone else, we need to spect and praise from his peers. I join his fam- pass this now. ily and friends in wishing him an enjoyable re- On January 3, 1996, Carol Ann Rinzler and HON. ROBERT A. BORSKI tirement. Perry Luntz wrote an excellent and eloquent OF PENNSYLVANIA f article for the New York Times which accu- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HONORING THE 85TH BIRTHDAY OF rately describes this problem. I have enclosed Wednesday, January 24, 1996 it below so all of my colleagues can better un- WILLARD MUNGER derstand the magnitude of this issue: Mr. BORSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to [From the New York Times, Jan. 3, 1996] pay tribute to the Honorable Edward J. Blake, HON. BRUCE F. VENTO who is retiring from the Court of Common OUR 2 CENTS’ WORTH OF MINNESOTA Pleas on January 31, 1996. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (By Carol Ann Rinzler and Perry Luntz) Judge Blake was born in Philadelphia on Almost exactly a year ago, Congress passed May 18, 1926, to Philip and Agnes Blake, and Wednesday, January 24, 1996 the Congressional Accountability Act, a much ballyhooed measure that requires the he was graduated from Saint Joseph's Pre- Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, today I want to House and Senate to abide by the workplace paratory High School in June 1944. From Au- honor Minnesota State Representative, Willard and civil rights laws they enact for the rest gust 1944, to January 1946, he attended the Munger, who is 85 years young and marking of us. Alas, like so many things in life, this Pennsylvania Maritime Academy, and was his 40th year as a member of the Minnesota long-overdue legislation turns out to be less thereafter commissioned as an Ensign in the Legislature. Willard is a Minnesota originalÐa than meets the eye. U.S. Naval Reserve. In September 1946, Minnesota natural resourceÐwhose work hon- In an effort to minimize the effects of the Judge Blake entered the prestigious Saint Jo- ors his family, the State of Minnesota, and our Government shutdown on their constituents, seph's College and earned a bachelor of Republicans in the House proposed last week Nation. that furloughed Federal employees go back science degree upon his graduation in May Willard Munger represents the best of the to work without being paid, surely a new 1950. Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party's tradition of idea in free-market, conservative economics. Following his graduation, Judge Blake vol- service to the State of Minnesota. He is cur- Afterward, someone asked Representative unteered for active military service during the rently tied with former Representative Day as Tom DeLay of Texas, the House majority Korean war. As a damage control officer on the longest-serving member of the House and whip, whether he would consider giving up the U.S.S. Sutherland, he participated in the he has no intention of retiring now. The his own salary during the crisis. No way, said Inchon invasion in September 1950. Judge Munger vision and tenacity have shaped our Mr. DeLay, explaining that, like every other Blake was honorably discharged from active member of Congress, he isn’t a Federal em- State and generations of lawmakers. I'm proud ployee—he is a ‘‘constitutional officer.’’ duty in 1951, but he remained a member of of the 6 years I served in the Minnesota Well, we’ve reread our copy of the Con- the Reserve fleet and eventually attained the House of Representatives with Willard stitution, and frankly the distinction seems high rank of lieutenant commander before his Munger. Willard Munger, as a sage and chair- a bit arcane to us. discharge from the reserves in 1972. man, introduced me to the task and role of en- True, members of Congress are specifically Judge Blake's legal career was just as dis- vironmental lawmaker. What a teacher and mentioned in the Constitution, Article I, tinguished as his military achievements. Judge what a friend Willard Munger was to me and Section 6 says that ‘‘Senators and Rep- Blake attended the University of Pennsylvania past, present, and future generations of law- resentatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law and Law School where he was to become class makers. paid out of the Treasury of the United president. After graduating with honors, Judge Willard Munger reminds us again and again States.’’ Cabinet members and Federal Blake was appointed chief law clerk to the of our stewardship responsibilities. He estab- judges also get a mention, later on, but other Court of Common Pleas No. 2, a position he lished a pragmatic proactive progressive pub- workers—curators at the Smithsonian, say— held until 1962. From 1962 until 1964, he lic service tradition and standard of public in- do not. served as chief deputy court administrator of terest decisions that are sustained by sound But every Federal paycheck originates in the court, and court administrator from 1964 scienceÐboth political and natural science. an appropriation requiring money from the until 1974. Willard first was the conscience speaking out Treasury, whose funds come, in large part, from income taxes. That should give every- In 1966, during his tenure as court adminis- courageously against powerful interests and fi- one of us the inalienable right to put in our trator, the Court of Common Pleas entered the nally a fiery new chairman. Today his advo- 2 cents. Or to take it out. electronic age with the implementation of a cacy remains constant. He is not complacent, Members of the House and Senate earn a computer system. As a direct consequence of but is rightfully viewed as mainstream by the base salary of $133,600 a year (those in leader- his efforts, the court's ability to manage its careful work on law and policy that he has ship positions get more.) And don’t forget caseload substantially improved, and the re- written and helped enact and will continue to the generous benefit package: life insurance, sults were published in Computer Streamlines advance. health insurance, per diem travel and a nifty Caseload at Philadelphia Common Pleas Willard was one of the first people to raise pension. Mr. DeLay’s base salary alone costs each of America’s more than 115 million in- Court, which Judge Blake coauthored. questions about the use of pesticides, PCBs, dividual taxpayers 1.2 cents a year. Gov. Milton J. Schapp appointed Judge and mercury. He began addressing issues like As conscientious citizens, we have always Blake to the bench of the Common Pleas in recycling, energy conservation, nuclear power, paid our taxes, regardless of our political 1971, and he was elected in full term on No- wetlands, soil erosion, environmentally safe gripes. Even though one of us was tear- vember 6, 1973. In 1983 and 1993, Judge mining practices, and hazardous waste long gassed in 1971 by an overzealous guard at the Blake was retained by the voters of Penn- before these policy matters became politically Nixon White House, protecting it from sylvania for succeeding terms in office. popular. throngs of balding, middle-aged Vietnam The Pennsylvania Supreme Court appointed Willard Munger's environmental vision has War protesters and their children, the Inter- nal Revenue Service got paid the following Judge Blake as administrative judge of the helped make Minnesota a natural leader in the year anyway. trial division of the Court of Common Pleas of areas of natural resource conservation and This time, however, we plan to draw a line Philadelphia County on April 11, 1986, and protection. Among his achievements are the in the sand. Having voted to obey its own during his tenure, the disposition of cases im- enactment of the Minnesota Environmental E 80 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 Policy Act, the Resource Recovery Act, the of the cold war has forced all nations to A more realistic policy toward Russia would Critical Areas Act, the Power Plant Siting Act, rethink their security arrangements. Both of involve several things: First, we must stop the the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, the Waste these historic developments are leading the mindless policy of giving foreign aid to Russia, Management Act, Reinvest in Minnesota, the United States and India to seek greater co- especially its government. At this very mo- Solid Waste Reduction and Recycling Act, and operation and partnership on many fronts. ment, the Clinton administration and the IMF the 1991 Wetlands Conservation Act. I was Many Members of this body were greatly im- are preparing a $9 billion infusion into the very privileged to work on some of these very pressed by the Prime Minister's address to Russian treasury. In addition to fostering com- measures in Gov. Wendell Anderson's ``Min- this Chamber in 1994 in which he addressed placency among economic policymakers in nesota Golden Years,'' 1971±1976. Willard many of these same points. The appointment Russia, our aid, especially multilateral loans was also instrumental in establishing the of a statesman with the stature and experi- and Nunn-Lugar, has been subsidizing the Western Lake Superior Sanitary District in the ence of S.S. RayÐwith his years of service as dangerous activities listed above. 1960's, which provided wastewater treatment an attorney, Member of Parliament, Cabinet Second, we should give immediate and con- along the St. Louis River and ended a major Minister, and top posts at the state level- crete assurances to qualifying countries in source of pollution in Lake Superior. shows the degree of importance that the Gov- central Europe that they will become full mem- The tireless efforts of Willard Munger on ernment of India attaches to its relations with bers of NATO in the nearest possible future. natural resource policy over the past 40 years the United States. With Primakov as Foreign Minister, there can have rightfully earned him the title ``the envi- Mr. Speaker, we will also miss the Ambas- be no doubt that Russia will attempt at least ronmental conscience of the Minnesota Legis- sador's extraordinary wife, Mrs. Maya Ray. to ``Finlandize'' the former Warsaw Pact coun- lature.'' I was pleased to participate in a joint Prior to their service in Washington, both Mr. tries. It is silly to oppose NATO expansion with Minnesota House of Representatives and Sen- and Mrs. Ray enjoyed distinguished legal ca- talk of drawing lines in Europe. There already ate program organized by former Minnesota reers as barristers, as well as Members of is a line, and because of it, stability has been Gov. Elmer L. Anderson, January 18, 1996. It Parliament. Mrs. Ray's contributions to her fostered in those countries west of it. Quite is fitting that Minnesota has declared January husband's work in Washington will indeed be frankly, the farther east that line is, the better. 18 ``Willard Munger Day.'' He has made and remembered with fondness and appreciation. Furthermore, the virtual military reabsorption continues to make a difference. On behalf of In my capacity as cochairman of the biparti- of Belarus by Russia has resulted in the sta- today's and tomorrow's generations I thank san Congressional Caucus on India and In- tioning of Russian border troops on the Polish Willard for standing up for what is right and dian-Americans, I look forward to working with border. They have already moved the lineÐto wish him the best in the coming years. Ambassador Ray's successor during this pe- the west. f riod of strengthened partnership between our Third, it is high time we start to resist Rus- two great nations, building on Ambassador sian policy in the near abroad and the Third TRIBUTE TO AMBASSADOR S.S. Ray's excellent work. World. For over 2 years, Russia has been me- RAY OF INDIA In closing, Mr. Speaker, I want to express thodically sapping the sovereignty of its neigh- my good wishes and those of my colleagues bors, and is clearly moving toward reestablish- HON. FRANK PALLONE, JR. to Siddhartha and Maya Ray as they enter the ing some sort of Russian-dominated union. OF NEW JERSEY next phase of their careers back home in Using classic Soviet-style divide and rule tac- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES India. Their many friends in the Congress and tics, Russia has helped topple the democratic Wednesday, January 24, 1996 throughout our Nation hope they will return to government of Azerbaijan, brought Georgia to visit frequently. heel, and pushed Armenia to allow Russian Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, it is with great f bases on its soil. Russia continues its illegal pleasure that I rise to pay tribute to a superb occupation of Moldova, routinely violates Lith- diplomat who has done a great deal to im- AMERICA NEEDS A NEW RUSSIAN uanian territory, and has threatened annex- prove relations between the world's two larg- POLICY ation of the Baltic States. This uncivilized be- est democracies, the United States and India. havior is not only outrageous, it is potentially Ambassador Siddhartha Shankar Ray, India's HON. GERALD B.H. SOLOMON highly destabilizing to Europe. The same can envoy to the United States since 1992, will be OF NEW YORK be said about Russia's renewed affinity for leaving Washington on February 20 and re- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES some of the world's worst rogue regimes, such turning to domestic politics in his country. Wednesday, January 24, 1996 as Iran, Cuba, Syria, and Iraq. We must make While many of our colleagues are sad to see it plain to the Russians that their membership Ambassador Ray finish his tour in Washing- Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, the depar- in Western organizations is directly linked to ton, we all gratefully acknowledge his many tures of Andrei Kozyrev, Anatoly Chubais, and their international behavior. Right now, they contributions to the improved climate in Indo- Sergei Filatov from the Yeltsin administration don't make the grade. U.S. relations. and the appointment of a Brezhnev-era hard- Fourth, we must extricate ourselves from Ambassador Ray's appointment to Washing- liner to be foreign minister should be the final our slavish devotion to arms control. To the ton with the status of a Federal Cabinet Min- wake-up call for the Clinton administration. Clinton administration, what this means is that ister is indicative of the great confidence his These reformers have been all but power- any agreement is a good agreement, Russian Government has in his abilities. That con- less for a long time, but their presence has al- violations of existing agreements are to be fidence was well-placed. During Ambassador lowed the administration to claim that Russia hushed up, and protecting American citizens Ray's years in Washington, he was tireless in is on the right track and that any criticism of from ballistic missiles is bad. Thus, recent and his promotion of India, not only as the world's Russian policy would embolden the hard-lin- clear Russian violations of the Biological largest secular democratic nation, but as a ers. We see now that the hard-liners were Weapons Convention, CFE and START I and major emerging market for United States emboldened long ago and are now in com- many others, have been excused. The admin- consumer products and business investment. plete control. istration's only response has been a rash drive The last 4 years have been trying times in For over 2 years, Russia has been engaged to ratify the flawed START II and a stubborn South Asia. Sharing a long border with China in a myriad of activities that range from the insistence on unilateral adherence to the ridic- and facing an insurgency in Kashmir sup- legal to the illegal to the morally repugnant, ulous ABM treaty, from which we can walk ported by outside forces, India has had its but all of which are contrary to United States away legally anytime. share of challenges. Throughout these years, national interests. These include Chechnya, Mr. Speaker, the key issue is not whether my colleagues and I could always rely on Am- nuclear dealings with Iran and Cuba, intimida- Russia has 3,500 or 10,000 nuclear warheads. bassador Ray to articulate India's concerns tion and subversion of nearly every former So- What is in our interest and what will ensure with eloquence and precision. viet State, violations of numerous arms-control the security of our European friends is a Rus- But, Mr. Speaker, these past 4 years have agreements, and strategic nuclear moderniza- sia that behaves in civilized fashion inter- also been extremely exiciting times. India, tion, among many others. nationally. So far, not a thing the Clinton ad- under the leadership of Prime Minister P.V. All of this has been met by the Clinton ad- ministration has done has goaded Russia in Narosimha Rao, has embarked upon a historic ministration with silence, arms control conces- this direction. Indeed, the administration has economic reform policy that has opened up sions, and a steady flow of U.S. taxpayer dol- tolerated and even condoned, as in Chechnya, unprecedented opportunities for United States lars. In other words, appeasement. True to its uncivilized and dangerous Russian behavior. companies, large and small, as well as for In- unvarnished record in history, appeasement The past 3 years of behaving as though we dian entrepreneurs. At the same time, the end has failed again. It is time for a new approach. feel guilty that we won the cold war have January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E 81 yielded us a Russia that thinks and acts much the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Is- like the old Soviet Union. Unfortunately, we Islands. lands, Mr. Juan N. Babauta, and his staff. I can have little hope that the Clinton adminis- The Commonwealth of the Northern Mari- also commend the unity of purpose in the tration will meet this challenge with a reorien- ana Islands became the newest territory of the leadership of the Northern Marianas ex- tation of its Russia policy because this would United States and an American common- pressed by Senate Joint Resolution No. 9±6 of be to admit that Ronald Reagan got it right on wealth in 1976. This commonwealth is com- the Ninth Northern Marianas Commonwealth the cold war. After all, Strobe Talbott wrote in prised of the northern islands in the Mariana Legislature, the Majors of Saipan, Tinian, 1990 that the cold war doves were right all Island chain, the principal islands being Rota, and the Northern Islands, and the Mu- along, and he has been trying to prove this bi- Saipan, Tinian, and Rota. Guam is also a part nicipal Councils of Saipan, Tinian, and Rota in zarre conclusion ever since. of the Mariana Island chain, and it is fitting the adoption of resolutions requesting the Some of these naive policies can be over- that the people of Guam have the honor today United States Congress to grant Delegate sta- turned by us in Congress, Mr. Speaker, and I to share in the introduction of this bill for our tus to the Resident Representative to the Unit- am hopeful we will. For instance, we can cut Pacific neighbors, and for our brothers and ed States. I further commend the leadership of off aid, and I would urge support for my legis- sisters of Chamorro heritage in the Northern the Honorable Diego T. Benavente, Speaker lation, H.R. 519, that would do exactly that. Marianas who share Guam's indigenous iden- of the House of Representatives and the Hon- We can back-burner START II, and I would tity. orable Jesus R. Sablan, President of the Sen- urge the Senate to do that. And we can force It is important that the Northern Marianas be ate of the 10th Commonwealth Legislature, as the President to withdraw from the ABM Trea- accorded representation in Congress, not just well as the Honorable Crispin I. Deleon Guer- ty, and I would urge everyone to cosponsor for fair and just representation of an American rero, in their support of this bill. I hope that the our colleague MARTIN HOKE's excellent bill, community whose interests are affected by the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Sen- H.R. 2483, which would do exactly that. actions of Congress, but more importantly for ate will act on this legislation in this session, The rest, alas, will have to wait for January what the people of Northern Marianas can and I urge my colleagues to cosponsor the 1997, when, hopefully, we will have a more contribute to the Nation through their Dele- Northern Marianas Delegate Act. clear-eyed team in the White House. gate. f f The American relationship with the Northern Marianas began just over 50 years ago when TRIBUTE TO A.G. GASTON RESTORE COLA EQUITY FOR American forces fought on the beaches of MILITARY RETIREES Saipan and Tinian, and at great human cost HON. EARL F. HILLIARD expelled a colonial power that had acquired OF ALABAMA HON. LINDA SMITH these islands as part of a Pacific empire. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF WASHINGTON Americans, in the years to come, established Wednesday, January 24, 1996 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the seeds of democracy that have resulted in Mr. HILLIARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in this new American commonwealth. This com- Wednesday, January 24, 1996 tribute of Dr. A.G. Gaston, a leader among monwealth, whose roots to America are traced men, who recently died in Birmingham at the Mrs. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, to a violent military encounter in World War II, age of 103. today the House of Representatives passed is the first American soil acquired by conquest Dr. Gaston was a pioneer, who developed legislation that is of utmost importance to the in this century. That the people of the North- businesses in Alabama in an age when blacks veterans who have honorably served our ern Marianas have freely chosen to become a simply did not do such things. Dr. Gaston was country. I'm speaking of the fiscal year 1996 part of the American family is a great credit to a pioneer in the area of building a business Defense authorization bill that restores COLA the United States; that they do not enjoy full empire which propelled him to become Ala- equity between military and civilian retirees. participation in the political process as citizens bama's first black millionaire. Historically, Congress treated Federal civil- should be a matter of great concern to all of Dr. Gaston's life reads much like a literary ian and military pensioners the same under us. rags-to-riches story. He was born on July 4, the law. However, the Omnibus Budget Rec- Today the American citizens who live in the 1892, in Demopolis, AL, the grandson of onciliation Act of 1993 contained a provision Northern Marianas contribute to the Nation slaves. Early in his life he moved to Bir- delaying Federal civilian retirees' COLAs until and participate in the life of our Nation in all mingham and began working a variety of jobs April for fiscal years 1994±96. In contrast, mili- the same ways that every other American citi- before serving in the U.S. Army during World tary retirees were delayed until April of 1994 zen does in his own community. They pay War I. and until October for fiscal year 1995±98. I taxes, serve in the military and work hard for When the war was over, Dr. Gaston and his found this to be a flawed policy. Inflation does the progress of their communities. They are mother got the idea of starting their own busi- not discriminate and neither should the U.S. part of the fabric of our great Nation. ness by preparing box lunches, and the rest is Congress. Participation in this American democracy is history. The bill we approved today restores COLA not based on a particular citizen's tax contribu- From a meager beginning, Dr. Gaston even- equity for military and civilian retirees. While tion to the Treasury and it is not based on a tually started a funeral business, from the fu- the House approved this measure on Decem- preordained size of a community. It is based neral business emerged the Booker T. Wash- ber 15, it was vetoed by the President. We on a community's commitment to our demo- ington Insurance Business in 1923, and from should not play politics with COLA's. A system cratic form of government and our Nation. Our the insurance company came nine corpora- which puts COLA's on different schedules for American citizenship has as its foundation a tions with combined assets of more than $35 different groups is bad public policy. It is also promise of fair and equal treatment by our million. Among Dr. Gaston's other corporate a disservice to dedicated Americans who Government and that promise extends to Con- ventures were: Vulcan Realty & Investment served this country, often in harm's way. gress where fair and equal treatment demands Corp.; Citizen's Federal Savings & Loan; Zion I urge the President to quickly sign this leg- that the Northern Marianas be represented by Memorial Cemetery; Smith & Gaston Funeral islation. The veterans in Washington State de- a Delegate. Homes; Wenn & Wagg Radio Stations; A.G. serve nothing less. The bill that I have introduced today mirrors Gaston Senior Citizens Home; Booker T. f the legislation which granted Guam and the Washington Business College, and A.G. Gas- United States Virgin Islands representation in ton Motel & LoungeÐnow A.G. Gaston Gar- NORTHERN MARIANAS DELEGATE 1972 and the legislation which granted Amer- dens. ACT ican Samoa representation in 1980. The Dr. Gaston's interests were not limited to Northern Marianas will join the ranks of Dele- just his business ventures. Dr. Gaston is also HON. ROBERT A. UNDERWOOD gates representing these islands, Puerto Rico, well known as a trailblazer in the area of civil OF GUAM and the District of Columbia, and the Northern rights and equal justice for all men and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Marianas will add its voice to those who rep- women. resent American citizens who do not reside in When Dr. King was in Birmingham, he Wednesday, January 24, 1996 the 50 states, but who do reside in a diverse stayed at the A.G. Gaston Hotel and when Dr. Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, today I group of American communities on American King was arrested and put in jail for marching have introduced the Northern Marianas Dele- soil. for equality by Police Commissioner Bull gate Act, to provide for a nonvoting Delegate In introducing this bill today I commend the Conner, it was Dr. Gaston who bailed him out, to the House of Representatives to represent work of the Resident Representative of the so he could continue his fight for freedom. E 82 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks January 24, 1996 However, his kindnesses to Dr. King were created the A.G. Gaston Boys & Girls Club to America needs more men and women like not accomplished without personal cost, his help give our youth direction and purpose. Dr. A.G. Gaston. He will be missed by all of home was firebombed and his hotel was He recognized, earlier than most, that our us who share his love of youth, his zest for burned, yet still he continued, for A.G. Gaston youth are the key to either the success or fail- life, and his deep concern for his fellow man. never was a quitter. He was a visionary, a pio- ure of our Nation. Unlike most people, who neer, and a role model for our youth. merely ``amen'' an idea, Dr. Gaston put his Dr. Gaston will be sorely missed. Dr. Gaston had a deep and abiding love for own money into the Boys and Girls Clubs, as the future of our community, our youth. He well as numerous universities and colleges. Wednesday, January 24, 1996 Daily Digest Senate Kirsten S. Moy, of New York, to be Adminis- Chamber Action trator of the Community Development Financial In- Routine Proceedings, pages S331–S354 stitutions Fund, which was sent to the Senate on Measures Introduced: One bill was introduced, as February 24, 1995. follows: S. 1524. Page S346 Cherry T. Kinoshita, of Washington, to be a Measures Passed: Member of the Board of Directors of the Civil Lib- Housing Opportunity Program Extension Act: erties Public Education Fund, which was sent to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Senate on January 5, 1995. was discharged from further consideration of S. Stanley K. Sheinbaum, of California, to be a 1494, to provide an extension for fiscal year 1996 for Member of the National Security Education Board, certain programs administered by the Secretary of which was sent to the Senate on January 5, 1995. Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary Page S354 of Agriculture, and the bill was then passed, after Messages from the President: Senate received the agreeing to the following amendment proposed following message from the President of the United thereto: Pages S350±53 States: Lott (for D’Amato/Mack/Bond) Amendment No. Received on Tuesday, January 23, 1996: 3118, to make a series of amendments. Pages S350±51 A message from the President of the United States Nominations Received: Senate received the follow- transmitting the report of the State of the Union ing nominations: Address; ordered to lie on the table. (PM–111). Lawrence Neal Benedict, of California, to be Am- Pages S309±13 bassador to the Republic of Cape Verde. Messages From the President: Pages S309±13, S345 Joseph J. DiNunno, of Maryland, to be a Member Messages From the House: Pages S345±46 of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board. Measures Referred: Page S346 Ronnie Feuerstein Heyman, of New York, to be Member of the National Council on the Arts. Statements on Introduced Bills: Page S346 Barry R. McCaffrey, of Washington, to be Direc- Additional Cosponsors: Pages S346±47 tor of National Drug Control Policy. Amendments Submitted: Pages S347±48 Robert B. Rogers, of Missouri, to be a Member of Additional Statements: Pages S348±49 the Board of Directors of the Corporation for Na- tional and Community Service. Adjournment: Senate convened at 5 p.m., and ad- Shirley W. Ryan, of Illinois, to be a Member of journed at 6 p.m., until 12 noon on Thursday, Janu- the National Council on Disability. ary 25, 1996. (For Senate’s program, see the remarks 26 Air Force nominations in the rank of general. of the Acting Majority Leader in today’s Record on 3 Army nominations in the rank of general. page S353.) 6 Navy nominations in the rank of admiral. Pages S353±54 Committee Meetings Nominations Withdrawn: Senate received notifica- tion of the withdrawal of the following nominations: (Committees not listed did not meet) Chris Evert, of Florida, to be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Corporation for National AFRICA and Community Service, which was sent to the Sen- Committee on Foreign Relations: Subcommittee on Afri- ate on June 6, 1995. can Affairs met in closed session to receive a briefing Christine Hernandez, of Texas, to be a Member of on Ambassador Albright’s recent trip to Africa from the Board of Directors of the Corporation for Na- Madeleine K. Albright, United States Permanent tional and Community Service, which was sent to Representative to the United Nations. the Senate on June 6, 1995. Subcommittee recessed subject to call.

D 31 D 32 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST January 24, 1996 House of Representatives Testimony was heard from the following former offi- Chamber Action cials of the White House Travel Office; Billy R. Bills Introduced: 6 public bills, H.R. 2872–2877 Dale, Director; Gary D. Wright, Assistant Director; 1 private bill, H.R. 2878; and 1 resolution, and H. Barnaby L. Brasseux, Assistant to the Director; John Res. 341 were introduced. Pages H836±37 P. Dreylinger, Assistant to the Director; Robert T. Reports Filed: Reports were filed as follows: Maughan, Communications Officer; John P. H.R. 2100, to direct the Secretary of the Interior McSweeney, Assistant to the Director; and Robert S. to make technical corrections to maps relating to the Van Eimeren, Assistant to the Director. Coastal Barrier Resources System, amended (H. Rept. 104–452); and LANDMINE THREAT IN BOSNIA H. Res. 342, waiving a requirement of clause 4(b) Committee on National Security: Subcommittee on Re- of rule XI with respect to consideration of certain search and Development and the Subcommittee on resolutions reported from the Committee on Rules Military Procurement held a joint hearing on the re- (H. Rept. 104–453). Page H836 search and development response to the landmine Speaker Pro Tempore: Read a letter from the threat in Bosnia. Testimony was heard from the fol- Speaker wherein he designates Representative Hob- lowing officials of the Department of Defense: Capt. son to act as Speaker pro tempore for today. Joseph Mazzafro, USN, Joint Staff (J–2); Maj. Gen. Page H775 Clair F. Gill, USA, Commanding General, U.S. Defense Authorizations: By a yea-and-nay vote of Army Engineer Central/School and Fort Leonard 287 yeas to 129 nays, Roll No. 16, the House Wood; Thomas Reeder, Intelligence Analyst, Na- agreed to the conference report on S. 1124, to au- tional Ground Intelligence Center; Col. Dennis Bar- thorize appropriations for fiscal year 1996 for mili- low, USA, Director, Policy and Plans, Humanitarian tary activities of the Department of Defense, and to and Refugee Affairs, Office of the Assistant Sec- prescribe personnel strengths for such fiscal year for retary, Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict; the Armed Forces—clearing the measure for Senate John M. Bachkosky, Deputy Under Secretary, Ad- action. Pages H789±H800 vanced Technology; George T. Singley, III, Deputy H. Res. 3340, the rule which waived points of Director, Defense Research and Engineering; A. order against the conference report, was agreed to Fenner Milton, Deputy Assistant Secretary, Science earlier by a voice vote. Pages H782±89 and Technology, Department of the Army; Brig. Quorum Calls—Votes: One yea-and-nay vote de- Gen. Roy E. Beauchamp, USA, Deputy Chief of veloped during the proceedings of the House today Staff, Research and Development and Engineering, and appears on page H800. There were no quorum U.S. Army Materiel Command; John Reingruber, calls. Assistant for Science and Technology, Office of the Assistant Secretary, Special Operations/Low Intensity Adjournment: Met at noon and adjourned at 8:00 Conflict; and Claude Manley, Deputy Director, Navy p.m. Joint Explosives Ordnance Technology Division, U.S. Navy Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Di- Committee Meetings vision; and a public witness. TRAVEL AND TOURISM PARTNERSHIP ACT PROVIDING EXPEDITED PROCEDURES Committee on Commerce: Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Hazardous Materials and the Subcommit- Committee on Rules: Ordered reported, by voice vote, tee on International Economic Policy and Trade of a resolution waiving clause 4(b) of rule XI (requiring the Committee on International Relations held a a 2⁄3 vote to consider a rule on the same day it is joint hearing on H.R. 2579, Travel and Tourism reported by the Committee on Rules) against certain Partnership Act of 1995. Testimony was heard from resolutions reported by the Rules Committee before Greg Farmer, Under Secretary, Department of Com- March 16, 1996. The waiver applies to special rules merce; Judd Buchanan, Chairman, Tourism Commis- providing for consideration or disposition of any sion, Canada; and public witnesses. measures, amendments, thereto, conference reports thereon, or amendments reported in disagreement WHITE HOUSE TRAVEL OFFICE from a conference that: (1) make general appropria- Committee on Government Reform and Oversight: Contin- tions for the fiscal year 1996; (2) include provisions ued hearings on the White House Travel Office. making further continuing appropriations for fiscal January 24, 1996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D 33 year 1996; or (3) include provisions increasing or amine certain issues relative to the Whitewater Develop- waiving the public debt limit. ment Corporation, 10 a.m., SH–216. COMMITTEE BUSINESS House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct: Met in ex- Committee on Commerce, Subcommittee on Health and ecutive session to appoint members to investigative Environment, hearing on title VI of the Clean Air Act subcommittees concerning the Preliminary Inquiry and the impact of the Seventh Meeting of the Parties to voted on Representative Barbara-Rose Collins and the Montreal Protocol, 11 a.m., 2123 Rayburn. the Preliminary Inquiry voted on Representative Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Crime, Newt Gingrich. hearing regarding the rise of international organized f crime, 9:30 a.m., 2237 Rayburn. Committee on National Security, Subcommittee on Mili- COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR THURSDAY, tary Research and Development, the Subcommittee on JANUARY 25, 1996 Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science and the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife and Oceans (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) of the Committee on Resources, joint hearing on Senate leveraging national oceanographic capabilities, 10 a.m., Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Subcommittee 2318 Rayburn. on Forests and Public Land Management, to hold over- Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, executive, to sight hearings on the management of the National For- consider pending businesses, 1 p.m., HT–2M Capitol. ests, 9:30 a.m., SD–366. Committee on Governmental Affairs, Subcommittee on Joint Meetings Post Office and Civil Service, to hold joint hearings with Joint Hearing: Senate Committee on Governmental Af- the House Committee on Government Reform and Over- fairs, Subcommittee on Post Office and Civil Service, to sight’s Subcommittee on Postal Service to examine pro- hold joint hearings with the House Committee on Gov- posals to reform the United States Postal Service, focusing ernment Reform and Oversight’s Subcommittee on Postal on international postal operations, 9:30 a.m., SD–342. Service to examine proposals to reform the United States Special Committee To Investigate Whitewater Development Postal Service, focusing on international postal operations, Corporation and Related Matters, to resume hearings to ex- 9:30 a.m., SD–342. D 34 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST January 24, 1996

Next Meeting of the SENATE Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 12 noon, Thursday, January 25 10 a.m., Thursday, January 25

Senate Chamber House Chamber Program for Thursday: After the transaction of any Program for Thursday: Consideration of H.J. Res. , morning business (not to extend beyond 4 p.m.), Senate Balanced Budget Downpayment. may consider conference reports, if available, and any cleared legislative and executive business.

Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue

HOUSE Hefner, W.G. (Bill), N.C., E74 Schroeder, Patricia, Colo., E70 Hilliard, Earl F., Ala., E81 Shaw, E. Clay, Jr., Fla., E74 Barcia, James A., Mich., E69 Johnson, Nancy L., Conn., E69, E70 Smith, Christopher H., N.J., E67 Bilbray, Brian P., Calif., E67 Kingston, Jack, Ga., E74 Smith, Linda, Wash., E81 Borski, Robert A., Pa., E79 Lightfoot, Jim, Iowa, E75 Solomon, Gerald B.H., N.Y., E80 Conyers, John, Jr., Mich., E78 Lofgren, Zoe, Calif., E71, E73, E74, E75, E77 Torricelli, Robert G., N.J., E72 Deutsch, Peter, Fla., E76 Maloney, Carolyn B., N.Y., E69 Underwood, Robert A., Guam, E81 Engel, Eliot L., N.Y., E72 Meek, Carrie P., Fla., E68, E70 Vento, Bruce F., Minn., E78, E79 Farr, Sam, Calif., E76, E78 Pallone, Frank, Jr., N.J., E80 Ward, Mike, Ky., E72 Fazio, Vic, Calif., E77 Radanovich, George P., Calif., E71 Waters, Maxine, Calif., E77 Frank, Barney, Mass., E75 Rahall, Nick J., II, W. Va., E67 Wilson, Charles, Tex., E77 Gekas, George W., Pa., E73 Reed, Jack, R.I., E76

E PL UR UM IB N U U S The public proceedings of each House of Congress, as reported by the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to directions Congressional Record of the Joint Committee on Printing as authorized by appropriate provisions of Title 44, United States Code, and published for each day that one or both Houses are in session, excepting very infrequent instances when two or more unusually small consecutive issues are printed at one time. ¶ Public access to the Congressional Record is available online through GPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office, free of charge to the user. The online database is updated each day the Congressional Record is published. The database includes both text and graphics from the beginning of the 103d Congress, 2d session (January 1994) forward. It is available on the Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) through the Internet and via asynchronous dial-in. Internet users can access the database by using the World Wide Web; the Superintendent of Documents home page address is http://www.access.gpo.gov/suldocs, by using local WAIS client software or by telnet to swais.access.gpo.gov, then login as guest (no password required). Dial-in users should use communications software and modem to call (202) 512–1661; type swais, then login as guest (no password required). For general information about GPO Access, contact the GPO Access User Support Team by sending Internet e-mail to [email protected], or a fax to (202) 512–1262; or by calling (202) 512–1530 between 7 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern time, Monday through Friday, except for Federal holidays. ¶ The Congressional Record paper and 24x microfiche will be furnished by mail to subscribers, free of postage, at the following prices: paper edition, $112.50 for six months, $225 per year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue, payable in advance; microfiche edition, $118 per year, or purchased for $1.50 per issue payable in advance. The semimonthly Congressional Record Index may be purchased for the same per issue prices. Remit check or money order, made payable to the Superintendent of Documents, directly to the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. ¶ Following each session of Congress, the daily Congressional Record is revised, printed, permanently bound and sold by the Superintendent of Documents in individual parts or by sets. ¶ With the exception of copyrighted articles, there are no restrictions on the republication of material from the Congressional Record.