LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

°C degree Celsius AC alternating current  gamma ACC Air Combat Command (USAF)  lambda ACCESS advanced cosmic-ray composition experiment for space station µ micron ACHR acetylcholine receptor µA microampere ACIPS advanced collective integrated µF microfarad protection system µJ microjoule ACM attitude control module µJ/cm microjoules per square centimeter ACT active control technology µm micrometer ACT/FHS active control technology/flying µsec microsecond helicopter simulator  ohm ACTD advanced concept technology 1–D one-dimensional demonstration 2–D two-dimensional ACTIVE advanced control technologies for integrated vehicles 3–D three-dimensional ACTS Advanced Communication 3P prefragmented, programmable, Technologies and Services proximity ACVs air cushion vehicles AD air defense A ampere AdAPT Adaptive Aircraft Performance Å angstrom Technology A&EM armaments and energetic materials ADN ammonium dinitramide A/D analog to digital ADN ammonium dinitrimide A/O acoustic/optic ADP adenosine diphosphate A/sec amperes per second ADS advanced distributed system AAAV advanced amphibious assault ADS air defense suppression vehicle ADSRC Advanced Distributed Simulation AAN Army After Next Research Consortium ABA American Bankers Association ADTS asynchronous digital transmission ABATE ACTS Broadband Aeronautical system Terminal and Experiment AEDC Arnold Engineering Development ABCS Army Battle Command System Center ABE autonomous Benthic explorer AEOS advanced electro-optical system ABEC Annular Bearing Engineers AES advanced encryption standard Committee AES all-electric ship ABIS Advanced Battlespace Information AES auger electron microscope System AETWG Armaments and Energetic ABL airborne laser Materials Technology Working ABS antilock braking system Group

ACR-1 AEW aircraft early warning AIAA American Institute of Aeronautics AFATDS Advanced Field Artillery Tactical and Astronautics, Inc. Data System AICPA American Institute of Certified AFB Air Force Base Public Accountant AFBMA Anti-Friction Bearing AIM Advanced INFOSE Machine Manufacturers Association AIM Air Intercept Missile AFC alkaline fuel cell AIM™ Advanced INFOSEC Machine AFIS Automatic Fingerprint AIN aluminum indium nitride Identification System AIP air-independent power AFIT Air Force Institute of Technology AIP air-independent propulsion AFM atomic force microscopy AISI American Iron and Steel Institute AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific AIST Agency of Industrial Science and Research Technology (Japan) AFOSR/EOARD Air Force Office of Scientific AIWS advanced interdiction weapon Research/European Office of system Aerospace Research and Development AJ anti-jam AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory AL Albania AFRL/PR Air Force Research Al-Li aluminum-lithium Laboratory/Propulsion Directorate ALPS assembly-line processing system AFS atomic frequency standard ALU arithmetic logic unit AFSAB Air Force Science Advisory Board AM antimaterial AFSOC Air Force Special Operations Am americium Command AM amplitude modulation AFSPC Air Force Space Command AMB active magnetic bearings AFV armored fighting vehicle AM0 air mass zero AG Australia Group AM1.5 air mass 1.5 Ag silver AMC Army Materiel Command AGARD Advisory Group for Aerospace AMC Air Mobility Command (USAF) Research and Development AMCOM U.S. Army Aviation and Missile AGB advanced gun barrel Command AgGaSe2 silver gallium selenide AMD antimissile defense AGL above ground level AMGS advanced material gun system AGMA American Gear Manufacturers AMMO azidomethylmethyloxetane Association AMP adenosine mono-phosphate AGR advanced gas reactor AMR amorphous magnetoresistive AGT aboveground test AMRAAM advanced medium-range air-to-air AGT advanced gun technology missile Ah ampere-hour AMRL Aeronautical and Maritime AHRS attitude and heading reference Research Laboratory (Australia) system AMR amorphous magnetoresistive AHS automated highway system AMTEC alkali metal thermal-to-electric AI artificial intelligence converter AMTI airborne moving target indication

ACR-2 amu atomic mass unit ARTEMIS Advanced Relay and Technology AN ammonium nitrate Mission Satellite ANL Argonne National Laboratory As arsenide ANMO azidonitratomethyloxetane A-S antispoofing ANN artificial neural network AS4/T-500 carbon filter designations ANNG Anti-Navire Nouvelle Génération ASARS Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems ANSI American National Standards Institute ASC Accredited Standard Committee ANTEC alkali-metal thermal-to-electrical ASCM advanced spaceborne computer converter modular AOC air operations center ASCM antiship cruise missile AP access point ASDL Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory (Georgia Institute of AP ammonium perchlorate Technology) AP antipersonnel ASDL asymmetrical digital subscriber AP armor piercing line APAM antipersonnel/antimaterial ASE amplified spontaneous emission APB antimatter particle beam a-Si amorphous silicon APC armored personnel carrier ASIC application-specific integrated APDU Application Protocol Data Units circuit APFSDS armor piercing, fin-stabilized, AS-15s Russian cruise missile discarding sabot ASMD antiship missile defense APG Aberdeen Proving Ground ASRI Australian Space Research (Maryland) Institute APG automated password generator ASRP Adaptive Spectral Reconnaissance APGM autonomous precision-guided Program munition ASTAMIDS airborne stand-off minefields API application program interface detection system APOD aerial port of debarkation ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials APPN IBM’s Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking® ASTMP Army Science and Technology Master Plan APS active protection system ASTWG Aeronautics Systems Technology APS advanced photon source Working Group APS American Physical Society ASUW antisurface warfare AR Argentina ASW antisubmarine warfare Ar argon AT antitank ARDEC Army Research, Development, and AT Austria Engineering Center ATA Advanced Technology Attachment ArF argon fluoride ATAC Advance Technology Aircraft ARL Army Research Laboratory ATACMS Army Tactical Missile System ARO Army Research Office ATACS advanced tank cannon system ARPA Advanced Research Project Agency ATAR Advanced Technology Assessment Report ATC air traffic control

ACR-3 ATCC American type culture collection BASS bulk avalanche semiconductor ATD advanced technology switch demonstration BAT brilliant antitank ATD Advanced Technology BATES Battlefield Artillery Target Development Engagement System ATE automatic test equipment BCIS battlefield combat identification ATF automatic terrain following system ATGW antitank guided weapon BCMO bischloromethyloxetane ATIC advanced thin ionization BDA battle damage assessment calorimeter BDNPA bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal and ATIP Asia Technical Information acetal Program BDNPF bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal ATIRCM advanced tactical infrared BDU battle dress uniform countermeasures BE Belgium ATL advanced tactical laser BEAMTAP Broadband and Efficient Adaptive ATM asynchronous transfer mode Method for TTD Array Processing ATM automated teller machine BEC Bose-Einstein condensates ATP adenosine triphosphate BER bit error rate ATR air turbo ramjet BFV Bradley fighting vehicle ATR automatic target recognition BG Bulgaria AU Australia BGO bismuth germanate Au gold BHEGA bis-2-hydroxyethylglycolamide AUTODIN Automatic Digital Network BHP brake horsepower AUV autonomous underwater vehicle BICMOS bipolar complementary metal AUV autonomous unmanned vehicle oxide semiconductor AVIRIS airborne visible/infrared imaging BIDS biological integrated detection spectrometer system AVLIS atomic vapor laser isotope BIFF battlefield identification friend or separation system foe AVS automated vapor sampling BIT broadband information technology AW advanced weapons systems BIT bismuth titanate AWACS Airborne Warning and Control BITA butylene imine trimesamide System (polyfunctional aziridine amides with isophthalic, trimesic) BITE built-in-test-equipment B magnetic induction BITS binary digits B/C biological and chemical BITWG Biological Technology Working Ba barium Group BACT best available control technology BJT bipolar junction transistor BAMO bis(azidomethyl)oxetane BL biosafety level BAPO phosphine oxide BLOS beyond line of sight bar 0.987 atmospheres BLSR bidirectional line-switched ring BASE beta alumni solid electrolyte BLU 80/B Bigeye Weapon BMD Ballistic Missile Defense

ACR-4 BMDO Ballistic Missile Defense C3 command, control, and communi- Organization (now MDA) cations BN boron nitride C3CM command, control, and communi- BNCP cis-bis(5-nitrotetrazolato) penta- cations countermeasures amminecobalt (iii) perchlorate C3I command, control, communica- BNMO bis(nitratomethyl)oxetane tions, and intelligence BNO butadienitrileoxide C4 command, control, communica- tions, and computation BOBBA 8 bis(2-methyl aziridinyl)-2-(2- hydroxypropanoxy)propylamino C4I command, control, communica- phosphine oxide tions, computers, and intelligence BOL beginning of life C4I2 command, control, communica- tions, computing, intelligence, and BOOM binocular omnidirectional-oriented information systems monitor C4IFTW C4I for the warrior BOSS bistable optically controlled semiconductor switch C4ISR C4I, surveillance, and reconnaissance BP black powder CA Canada bps bits per second CA Certification Authority BR bacteriorhodopsin CAA Clean Air Act BR Brazil CAA Concepts Analysis Agency (Army) BRDF bidirectional reflectance distribution function CAC common access card BRM biological response modifier CAD chemical agent detector BRWL bistatic radar for weapon location CAD computer-aided design BSC biological safety cabinet CAE common application environment BTJ buried triple junction CAE computer-aided engineering BTTN butanetrioltrinitrate CAEP China Academy of Engineering Physics BTU British thermal unit 2 CAEPE Centre d’Achèvement et d’Essais BTU/ft BTU per square foot des Propulseurs et Engins BuNENA butyl-2-nitratoethyl nitramine CAG carrier aircraft group BV battlefield visualization CAI computer-aided inspection BVP blood volume pressure cal calorie BVR beyond visual range cal/cm2 calories per square centimeter BW biological weapon(s) cal/cm2-sec calories per square centimeter BWB blended wing/body second BWC Biological Weapons Convention CAM chemical agent monitor BWO backward wave oscillator CAM computer-aided manufacturing BWR boiling water reactor CANDU Canadian deuterium uranium (reactor) C Celsius temperature; centigrade CAP combat air patrol C/A course acquisition CAPI cryptographic application interface C2 command and control CARC chemical agent resistant coating C2I command, control, and intelligence CASA Construcciones Aeronauticas S.A. (Spain)

ACR-5 CAS Chemical Abstract Service CCS common channeling signaling CAS close air support CCTV closed-circuit television CAS computer-aided servicing CCW counter-clockwise CAS/M computer-aided servicing/ Cd cadmium maintenance CD compact disk CAT computer-aided testing CD Compton diode CAT computerized axial tomography CD critical diameter CATOX catalytic oxidation CD critical dimension CATT controlled avalanche transit-time CDC Centers for Disease Control and triode Prevention CATTB Component Advanced Technology CdHgTe cadmium mercury telluride Test Bed CDISS Centre for Defence and CAV common aero vehicle International Security Studies CAVE computer automatic virtual CDL chemical double layer environment CDMA code division multiple access CB coherent bremsstrahlung CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data CB chemical and biological CD–ROM compact-disc read-only memory CBC cipher block chaining CDs Compton diodes CBDCOM Chemical Biological Defense Command (Army) CDT critical developing technology CBEFF Common Biometric Exchange File CdTe cadmium telluride Format CDU control and display unit CBM conventional ballistic missile CdZnTe cadmium zinc telluride c-BN cubic boron nitride CE chemical energy CBPS chemically and biologically CE computing element protected shelter CEA Commissariat à l'Énergie CBRIF Chemical Biological Incident Atomique (The French Atomic Response Force Energy Commission) CBRN Chemical, biological, nuclear and CEC California Energy Commission radiological weapons CEC Cooperative Engagement CBW chemical and biological warfare Capability CC combinatorial chemistry CECOM Communications-Electronics c c cubic centimeters Command (Army) C–C carbon-carbon CEM computational electromagnetics CCD charge-coupled device CEP circular error probable; circle of equal probability CCD closed-cycle diesel CEPT Conference of Postal and CCITT International Consultative Telecommunications Committee for Telephone and Administration Telegraph CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental CCL Commerce Control List Response, Compensation, and CCM computer-controlled machines Liability Act CCM counter-countermeasures CEREM Le Centre d’Études et de CCMS Committee on the Challenges of Recherches sur les Matériaux Modern Society (NATO)

ACR-6 CERT Computer Emergency Response CIS copper indium diselenide Team CISC complex instruction set computing CFB cipher feedback CIWG Combat Identification Working CFC chlorofluorocarbon Group CFD computational fluid dynamics CJ commodity jurisdiction CFHAT composite fire hazard analysis tool CJCSI Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff CFIT controlled flight into terrain Instruction CFL coupled ferrite lines CKEM compact kinetic energy missile CFRP carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic CL Chile CGA column grid array CL–14 5,7-diamino-4,6-dinitrobenzo- furazane-1-oxide CGA computer-generated actor CL–20 hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane CH Switzerland CL–20/HNIW hexanitro-hexaazaisowurtzitane CHEMEX chemical exchange process CLC cholesteric liqiud crystal CHER catalytic heat exchanger/reactor CLO counter low observable CHESS Cornell High-Energy Synchrotron Source CLOS command-line-of-sight CHIPS Clearing House Interbank CLT critical layer thickness Payments System CM configuration management CHPS Combat Hybrid Power Systems CM countermeasures CHSSI Common High Performance Com- cm centimeter puting Software Support Initiative CMC ceramic matrix composite CHTWG Chemical Technology Working CMIP common management information Group protocol CIAC Computer Incident Advisory CMIS Center for Mathematical and Capability Information Sciences (Australia) CIAM Central Institute of Aviation CMISE common management information Motors (Russia) service element CIC combat information center CMM coordinate measuring machine CICA Canadian Institute of Chartered CMOL CMIP over logical link control Accountants CMOS complementary metal oxide semi- CID charge injection device conductor CID combat identification CMOT common management information CIDDS combat identification dismounted service over TCP/IP soldier CMOT complementary metal oxide CIF3 chlorine trifluoride technology CINO Office of the Chief Inspector of CMP chemical mechanical planarization Naval Ordnance (United CMST common management information Kingdom) services over TCP/IP CIP cold isostatic pressing CMU Carnegie Mellon University CIP cold isostatic press CMVP Cryptographic Module Validation CIP carbonyl iron powder Program CIRSC Computer Security Incident cmW centimeter wave Response Capability CMW centimeter wave CIRST Computer Incident Response Team CN China

ACR-7 CNA Center for Naval Analyses CPCI Computer program configuration CNC computer numeric(al) control item CNE Centre National d’Études Spatiales CPE customer premises equipment (Frence Space Agency) CPS Certificate Policy Statement CNM customer network management CPU central processing unit CNO Chief of Naval Operations CR channeling radiation CNRM Centre National de Recherches CR Czech Republic Météorologiques CRAD contract research and development CNRS Centre National de Recherche CRDA commercial research and Scientifique development agreement CNS central nervous system CREATIS Centre de Recherche et d'Applica- CNT carbon nanotube tions en Traitement de l'Image et CNT Counterspace du Signal (Center for Research and Applications in Image and Signal CNTD controlled nucleation thermal Processing) decomposition CREB cyclic AMP response element CO carbon monoxide binding CO central office CRÈME cosmic ray effects on micro- CO Colombia elecronics CO commanding officer CRL Communications Research Laboratory (Japan) CO2 carbon dioxide Co-60 Cobalt-60 CRM corrosion-related magnetic COBRA collection of broadcasts from CRT cathode-ray tube remote assets CRW Canard Rotor Wing COC combat operations center CRYPTO cryptographic COCOM Coordinating Committee for CS Czechoslovakia Multilateral Strategic Export CSE Communications Security Controls Establishment COI Communities of interest CSERIAC Crew System Ergonomics COIL chemical oxygen iodine lasers Information Analysis Center COLEX column exchange CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and COM/SATCOM communications/satellite Industrial Research Organization communications (Australia) COMINT communication intelligence CSIS Center for Secure Information Systems (George Mason COMM communication University) COMSEC communications security CSNSM Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire CONUS Continental United States et de Spectrométrie de Masse CO–OP Consortium for Optical and CSP chip-scale packaging Optoelectronic Technologies in CSU channel service unit Computing CT computerized tomography COP common operational picture CT Computed Tomography COTS commercial off-the-shelf CTA column and grid array CP 2-(5-cyanotetrazolato) penta- ammine-cobalt (iii) perchlorate CTBT Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty CPB charged particle beam CTE coefficient of thermal expansion

ACR-8 CTIS central tire inflation system DCE distributed computing environment CTP common tactical picture DCID Director Central Intelligence CTP composite theoretical performance Directive CTP computer theoretical performance DCN data communication networks CTPB carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene DCOR deterministic combat model code CTWS case telescoped weapon system DCS digital cross-connect systems Cu copper DD/DT deuterium deuterium/deuterium tritium CU Cuba DDL data description language CURV cable-controlled underwater recovery vehicle DDOS distributed denial of service CVD chemical vapor deposition DDR&E Director of Defense Research & Engineering CVDS continuous variable dynamic system DDT deflagration to detonation transition CW chemical warfare DDUS Deep Depth UNDEX Simulator CW chemical weapon(s) DE directed energy CW clockwise DE discrete event CW continuous wave DE Germany (ISO) CWC Chemical Weapons Convention DE ATAC Directed Energy Advanced CXRD coaxial X-ray diode Technology Aircraft CZ convergence zone DEA data encryption algorithm DECADE DNA X-ray simulator program D deuterium DECON decontamination D* spectral detectivity DEDS discrete event dynamic system D/A digital to analog deg/hr degrees/hour

D2O deuterium oxide (heavy water) DEMO demonstration DAB-P digital audio baseband processor DEMP dispersed electromagnetic pulse DAC digital to analog converter DERA Defence Evaluation and Research DAF diaminofarazan Agency (United Kingdom) DARO Defense Airborne Reconnaissance DERA Defence Evaluation and Research Office Agency (UK) DARPA Defense Advanced Research DES data encryption standard Projects Agency DES distributed energy store DAS defensive aid suite DET distributed explosive DATB diaminotrinitrobenzene DEW directed energy weapon d B decibel DF deuterium fluoride DBC direct bonded copper DF difluor: methyl phosphonyl DBD delayed breakdown device difluoride dBm decibel referred to 1 milliwatt DFAD digital feature analysis data DBR distributed Bragg reflectance DFE diferrocenylethane DBRN data-based referenced navigation DFE direction-finding equipment DC direct current DGA Direction Générale de l’Armement (French Defense Procurement DCC digital cross-connect system Agency)

ACR-9 DGNSS differential global navigation DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide satellite system DN bearing bore in mm multiplied by DGPS differential Global Positioning speed in rpm System DNA Defense Nuclear Agency (now part DGZ designated ground zero of DTRA) DH Diffie-Hellman DNA deoxyribonucleic acid DHG oxalohydroxamic acid DNGU dinitroglycoluril DHHS Department of Health and Human DNHR dynamic nonhierarchical routing Services DNS Doppler Navigation System DHV Demonstrateur Hyper Veloce DNS Domain Name System (Aerospatiale missile) DNSS Defense Navigation Satellite DIA Defense Information Agency System DIAL differential absorption LIDAR DOB depth of burst DIC dispositif d’identification au DOC Department of Commerce combat DoD Department of Defense DIMES Delft Institute of Microelectronics and Submicron Technology DODD Department of Defense Directive (Netherlands) DoDI Department of Defense Instruction DINGU dinitroglycoluril DOE Department of Energy DIPAM diaminohexanitrobiphenyl DOF depth of focus DIRCM defensive infrared DOJ Department of Justice countermeasures DOS Denial of Service [attack] DIS distributed interactive simulation DOS Department of State DISA Defense Information Systems DOT Department of Transportation Agency DQ detection quotient DIVX digital video express DRAM dynamic random access memory DIW detection, identification, warning DRBG Deterministic random bit generator DK Denmark DRDO Defence Research and DKTWG Directed Energy and Kinetic Development Organisation (India) Energy Technology Working Group DRE Defence Research Establishment DL Discrete logarithm DREAM directed radio-frequency energy- assessment model DLC diamond-like carbon DRES Defense Research Establishment DLC digital loop carrier Suffield (Canada) DLC drop loop carrier DREV Defence Research Establishment DLL dynamic link library Valcartier (Canada) DLR Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für DRM dead-reckoning module Luft und Raumfahrt (German DRM Digital Rights Management Aerospace Center) ds digital signature DLR German Aerospace Center DS digital signals DME distance-measuring equipment DS directionally solidified DML data modification language DS–0 digital signal level 0 DMS Defense Messaging System DSA digital signature algorithm DMS diluted magnetic semiconductors

ACR-10 DSA/DH Digital Signature Algorithm – E/O electro/optical Diffie-Hellman EA electronic attack DS–I digital signal level 1 EAA Export Administration Act DSL digital subscriber line EADS European Aeronautic Defense and DSMAC digital scene matching area Space Company correlation EAL evaluation assurance level DSMP Defense Meteorological Satellite EAR Export Administration Regulations Program EB electron beam DS–N digital signal hierarchy EBDW electron-beam direct writer DSP Defense Support Program e-beam electron beam DSP digital signal processor (processing) EBPVD electron-beam physical vapor deposition DSRO Defense Science Research Organization (India) EBR-II Experimental Breeder Reactor II DSS Digital Signature Standard EC electronics and countermeasures DSTL Developing Science and EC European Commission Technologies List ECAAM electrochemically assisted arc DSTO Defense Science and Technology machine Organization (Australia) ECAE equal channel angular extension DSU data service unit E-Cash electronic cash DSV deep submersible vehicle ECB Electronic Codebook DT deuterium tritium ECC elliptic curve cryptography DTAP Defense Technology Area Plan ECCM electronic counter-counter DTE data terminal equipment measures DTED digital terrain elevation data ECCN Export Control Classification Number DTG dry-tuned gyroscope ECD Eurocopter Deutschland DTG dynamically tuned gyroscope ECDSA elliptic curve digital signature DTIC Defense Technical Information algorithm Center ECM electronic countermeasure DTO Defense Technology Objective ECMWF European Centre for Medium- DTR data transfer rate Range Weather Forecasts DTRA Defense Threat Reduction Agency ECR electron cyclotron resonance DU depleted uranium ECS electrostatic chucks DU digitized unit ED electric drive DUV deep ultraviolet EDFA erbium doped/fiber amplifier DVD digital video disk EDM electrical discharge machines DZ Algeria EDO extended data out EDP electric dipole potential E energy EDP electric dipole-produced n C S e D  1 T EEC European Economic Community limit of E1 n U as n approaches EEG electroencephalogram infinity EELV evolved expendable launch vehicle e.b.b equivalent blackbody

ACR-11 EEPROM electrically erasable programmable EMS Energy-Management System read-only memory EMK electromagnetic weapon EES Escrowed Encryption Standard ENA energetic neutral atom EFF Electronic Frontier Foundation ENTWG Energy Systems Technology EFP explosively formed penetrator Working Group EFPI extrinsic Fabry-Perot EO electro-optical interferometer Eo sublimation energy EG Egypt EO-1 Earth Orbiter-1 EGI embedded Global Positioning EO-2 Earth Orbiter-2 System inertial EOCCM electro-optical counter-counter- EGM Earth gravitational model measures EGNOS European Geostationary EOCM electro-optical countermeasures Navigation Overlay Service EOD explosive ordnance disposal EHF extremely high frequency EOL end-of-life EIA Electronic Industries Association EOS equation of state EID electromagnetic induction detection EP electronic protection ELAPS equivalent laminated plate solution EPA Environmental Protection Agency ELEX electro-exchange EPC electronic power conditioner ELF extremely low frequency EPLRS enhanced position location reporting system ELFE extremely low-frequency electro- magnetic EPR electron paramagnetic resonance ELFE extremely low-frequency emission EPRI Electric Power Research Institute ELINT electronic intelligence EPROM erasable programmable read-only memory ELPRS enhanced position location reporting system EPS environmental protection system ELTWG Electronics Technology Working ER electro-rheological Group ERA explosive reactive armor EM electromagnetic ERC Energy Research Corporation EMC electromagnetic compatibility ERCIM European Research Consortium for EMCDB elastomer modified-cost double- Information and Mathematics based propellants ERINT Extended Range Interceptor EMD engineering and manufacturing EROS Earth Resources Observation development Systems EMHD explosive magnetohydrodynamic ERP effective radiated power EMHDG explosive magnetohydrodynamic ERS electrically reconfigurable ship generator ERS–1 Earth Research Satellite EMI electromagnetic induction ES electronic suppression EMI electromagnetic interface ESA electronic safe and arm EMI electromagnetic interference ESA European Space Agency EMIS electromagnetic isotope separation ESD electrostatic discharge EMK electromagnetic ESF energy storage flywheel EML electromagnetic launch ESG electrostatically supported EMP electromagnetic pulse gyroscope

ACR-12 ESL equivalent series inductance F3I form, fit, function, and ESM extended scattering mode interchangeable ESM electronic support measure FA functional areas ESO European Southern Observatory FAA Federal Aviation Administration ESPRIT European Strategic Program on FAC fast-acting closure Research in Information FAC forward air controller Technology FACE Futur Avion de Combat Européen ESR equivalent series resistance (French aircraft) ESRP European Supersonic Research FACETS flywheel attitude, control, energy Program transmission, and storage ESSM Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile FADEC full authority digital electronic ET electrothermal engine controls ETC electrothermal-chemical FADS flush air data aystem ETDL Electronic Technology and FAE fuel-air explosives Devices Laboratory FALCON fuel-air line charge ordnance ETH Eidgenössisches Technische neutralizer Hochschule FAR false acceptance rate ETK electrothermal gun FAR false-alarm rate ETNO European Telecommunications FAST field-adaptable systems technology Network Operators FBCB2 Force XXI Battle Command ETS Engineering Test Satellite Brigade-and-Below ETS engineering test stand FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation ETSI European Telecommunications FBL fly-by-light Standards Institute FBL/PBW fly-by-light/power-by-wire EU Eötvös unit FBM fleet ballistic missile EU European Union FBW fly-by-wire EUCLIDES Extreme UV Concept Lithography FCC Federal Communications Development System Commission EURESCOM European Institute for Research FCG flux-compression generator and Strategic Studies in Telecommunications FCS flight control system EUT end user terminal FCV future combat vehicle EUV extreme ultraviolet FDA Food and Drug Administration EUVL extreme ultraviolet lithography FDDI fast digital data interconnect eV electron volt FDIR fault detection, isolation, and recovery EV electronic vehicle FDM frequency division multiplexing EVA extravehicular activity FDTD finite difference time domain EVM environmental vapor monitor FEA finite element analysis EW electronic warfare FEBA forward edge of the battle area FEFO bis-2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethylformal F Fahrenheit FEL free electron laser F farad FEMA Federal Emergency Management f/max maximum frequency Agency f/min minimum frequency

ACR-13 FET field effect transistor FPKI Federal Public Key Infrastructure FFI Forsvarets Forsknings Institutt fps feet per second FFRDC Federally Funded Research and FR France Development Center FRP Federal Radionavigation Plan FFT fast Fourier transform FRP fiber-reinforced plastic FGAN Forschungsgesellschaft für FRR false-rejection rate Angewandte Naturwissenschaften e.V. FSAP full-spectrum attack protection FHA Federal Highway Administration fsec femtosecond FHS flying helicopter simulator FSCS Future Scout and Cavalry System FI Finland FSS frequency selective surface FIB focused ion beam FSU Former Soviet Union FID flame ionization detector FTA Foreign Technology Assessment FIFV future infantry fighting vehicle FTIR Fourier transform infrared FIPS Federal Information Processing FTIT fan turbine inlet temperature Standard ft-lb foot-pound FIR far infrared FTW for the warrior FIS field ion spectrometry FVTD finite volume time domain FIV future infantry vehicle FWHM full width at half maximum FLAR forward-looking automotive radar FXR flash X ray FL field LADAR FY Fiscal Year FLC ferroelectric liquid crystal FLIR forward-looking infrared radar g gram FLS forward-looking sonar g measure of acceleration of gravity 2 2 FM field manual [32 feet per second (9.8 m/second )] FM frequency modulation G agents nerve agents FMM Fast Multi-pole Method G&G geodetic and geophysical fMRI functional magnetic resonance G–7 group of seven industrial nations imaging G–8 G–7 nations plus Russia FMS foreign military sales Ga gallium FMS force modeling and simulation GA tabun (nerve agent) FOC final operating capability GaAs gallium arsenide FOG fiber-optic gyroscope GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid FOGM fiber-optic guided missile Gal Galileo FOPEN foliage penetration GAM GPS-aided munition FORTÉ fast on-orbit recording of transient GaN gallium nitride events GAO General Accounting Office FOV field of view GAP glycidylazide polymer FPA focal plane array GAUSS Global Augmentation for Satellite FPD flame photometric detector Systems FPD flat panel display GB sarin (nerve agent) FPE fluoropolyester Gbits/s gigabits per second FPGA field programmable gate-array GBL ground-based laser

ACR-14 GBq gigabecquerel GR Greece GC gas chromatography GRACE Gravity Recovery and Climate GCCS global command and control Experiment system GRC John H. Glenn Research Center at GCHQ Government Communications Lewis Field [NASA (formerly the Headquarters, UK Lewis Research Center)] GD soman (nerve agent) GRMS gravity root mean square GDP gross domestic product GRP glass-reinforced plastic GDSS group decision support system GS ground systems Ge germanium GSA General Services Administration GE Germany GSAC gas seal auxiliary closure GEO geosynchronous Earth orbit GSC-IS Government Smart Card- Interoperability Specification GeV giga electron volts GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center GF Galis Field GSI Gesellschaft für Schwerionen- GFE government-furnished equipment forschung mbH 9 GFLOPS giga (10 ) floating point operations GSLV geosynchronous satellite launch per second vehicle 9 GHz gigahertz (10 hertz) GSM global system for mobile GHz/sec gigahertz per second communication GIG global information grid GSR galvanic skin response GIS Geographic Information System GST glutathione S-transferase GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation GSTAMIDS ground standoff mine detection Satellite System (Russian) system GLONASST GLONASS system time GSTS Ground Station Tailoring System GM Geodetic Mission (GEOSAT) GSTWG Ground Systems Technology gm gram Working Group GMCC ground mobile command center GTD geometric theory of diffraction GMP good manufacturing practices GTE gas turbine engines GMR giant magnetoresistive GTN General Technology Note GMTI ground moving-target indication GTO gate turn-off GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GTO geosynchronous transfer orbit GOPS giga (billion) operations per GUI graphical user interface second GVC ground combat vehicle GOST Gosudarstvennyi Standard GW gigawatt GP genetic polymorphism Gy Gray (gy) is a unit of absorbed GPa gigapascals dose of ionizing radiation equal to 1 joule per kilogram of absorber GPA one megabar GPC general-purpose computer H hour GPIC general-purpose integrated circuit HA hemagglutinin GPR ground-penetrating radar HAB high-altitude burst GPS Global Positioning System HAN hydroxylamine nitrate GPtS Global Positioning and Time System HAN hydroxylammonium nitrate

ACR-15 HAP hazardous air pollutant HHS Health and Human Services HAP hydroxylammonium perchlorate HIIS heavy ions in space HARV high alpha research vehicle HIL hardware-in-the-loop HAWK homing all the way killer HIP hot isostatic pressing HAZMAT hazardous materials HIP hot isostatic press HBIW hexabenzyl-hexaazaisowurtzitane HIPER-KIDS high-performance kiosk and HBO hyperbaric oxygen desktop system HBT hetero-bipolar transistors HIPPI high-performance peripheral interface HCI human computer interface HITL hardware-in-the-loop HDDR high-density digital recording HISTEC high-stability engine-control HDL high-level development language (Boeing program) HDO singly deuterated water HK Hong Kong HDTV high-definition television HLA high-level architecture HE high explosive HLA major histo compatibility HE human engineering HLOS horizontal line of sight HEAP Human Effects Advisory Panel HMAC hashing for message authentication HEAT high explosive antitank HMD helmet-mounted display HEDM high-energy density material HMMWV high-mobility multipurpose HEL high-energy laser wheeled vehicle HEMP high electromagnetic pulse HMO health maintenance organization HEMP high-altitude electromagnetic pulse HMX cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine HEMT high electron mobility transistor HMX Octogen HEO highly elliptical orbit HNF hydrazinium nitroformate HEPA high-efficiency particulate air HNDT holographic nondestructive testing HERF high-energy radio frequency HNIW hexanitro-hexaazaisowurtzitane

HEST High-Explosive Simulation HNO3 nitric acid Technique HNS hexanitrostilbene HET horizontal emplacement test HOB height of burst HEU highly enriched uranium HOE holographic optical element HEV hybrid-electric vehicles hp horsepower Hf Hafnium (isomer) HPC high-performance computing HF high frequency HPC high-pressure compressor HF hydrogen fluoride HPCMO High Performance Computer HF hydrofluoric acid Modernization Office HFCG helical flux compression generator HPCN high-performance computing and HFET heterostructure field-effect networking transistor HPE high-power electronics

HfF4 hafnium fluoride HPG homopolar generator HFIP hexafluoroisoproxanol HPI high-power impulse HFSW high-frequency sky wave HPL high-power laser Hg mercury HPM high-power microwave HgCdTe mercury cadmium telluride

ACR-16 HPSLT High-Power Semiconductor Laser HYPR Hypersonic Propulsion Technology Program Technology Program (Japan) HPVI hypervelocity impact HySET Hydrocarbon Scramjet Engine HRG hemispherical resonator gyroscope Technology HRR high-range resolution HYSWAS high-yield small waterplane area ship HRR-GMTI high-range resolution ground moving- target indication Hz hertz HR-SEM high-resolution scanning electron microscope I/O input/output circuit HSCT high-speed civil transport I2 image intensifier HSD high strength to density I2L integrated injection logic HSDB high-speed data bus I2 image intensification HSE high-speed encryption I2R power HSI human systems integration IA Information Age HSI human systems interface IA information assurance HSI hyperspectral imagery IAB Internet Activities Board HSP heat shock protein IACR International Association for HSR High-Speed Research Program Cryptographic Research (NASA) IADS integrated air defense system HST Hubble Space Telescope IAEA International Atomic Energy HST hypersonic transport Agency HSTAMIDS hand-held standoff mine detection IAEL International Atomic Energy List system IAG International Association of HTGR high-temperature gas-cooled Geodesy reactor IAI Israeli Aircraft Industries HTL host technical liaison IALA International Association of HTML hypertext markup language Lighthouse Authorities HTO singly tritiated water IBIA International Biometric Industry Association HTPB hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene IBM International Business Machines HTS high-temperature superconducting IC Iceland [IS - (ISO)] HTS high-temperature synthesis IC integrated circuit HTT horizontal tunnel test IC intelligence community HTU handheld terminal unit IC2–SIP International Command and HU Hungary Control Systems Interoperability HUD head-up display Project HVAC heating, ventilation, and air ICAO International Civil Aviation conditioning Organization HVI hypervelocity impact ICBM intercontinental ballistic missile HVOF high-velocity oxy-fuel ICD interface control document HVWS Hypervelocity Weapon System ICE integrated command environment HWR heavy water reactor ICO Intelligent Combat Outpost HY high yield ICR intercooled recuperated ICRGT intercooled recuperated gas turbine

ACR-17 ICS intercommunications system IM&C information system management ICT (Fraunhofer) Institute for Chemical and control Technology (Germany) IMEC Industrial Microelectronics Center ICt incapacitating concentration time IMETS Integrated Meteorological System ID identification IMF intelligent minefield ID incapacitating dose IMINT Imagery Intelligence ID Indonesia IMPATT impact avalanche transit-time IDE integrated drive electronics triode IDEA International Data Encryption IMS ion mobility spectrometry Algorithm IMT industrial materials and technology IDL interactive data language IMU inertial measurement unit IDS Intrusion detection system in. inch IE Ireland IN India IEEE Institute of Electrical and In indium Electronic Engineers INAV integrated navigation IEMP internal EMP INCITS International Committee for IETF Internet Engineering Task Force Information Technology Standards IF intermediate frequency IND improvised nuclear device IFF identification friend or foe INFO COM information communications IFOV instantaneous field of view INFO EXCH information exchange IFS indirect fire system INFOSEC information security IFSAR interferometric synthetic aperture INFOSEC TWG Information Security Technology radar Working Group IFV infantry fighting vehicle INFOWAR information warfare IGEB Interagency GPS Executive Board InGaAs indium gallium arsenide IGBT insulated gate bipolar transit INMARSAT International Marine/Maritime IGBT isolated gate bipolar transistor Satellite IHAS integrated helmet assembly INMS integrated network management subsystem systems IHCE Institute of High Current InP indium phosphorus Electronics (Russia) INPASS INS Passenger Accelerated Service IHE insensitive high explosive System IHPRPT Integrated High Payoff Rocket INS Immigration and Nationalization Propulsion Technology Service IHPTET Integrated High Performance INS inertial navigation system Turbine Engine Technology InSb indium antimonide IIL International Industrial List Internet international computer network IL Industrial List INU inertial navigation unit ILL Institut Max von Laue–Paul IO information operations Langevin IOM Institute of Medicine ILS instrument landing system Ip impulse IM insensitive munitions IP Information processing IM instant messaging IP internet protocol

ACR-18 IP isostatic pressing ISS International Space Station IPC intermediate-pressure compressor ISSMO International Society of Structural IPFN integrated pulse-forming network and Multidisciplinary Optimization IPN Institut de Physique Nucléaire ISU inertial sensor unit IPR impulse response IT information technologies IPS integrated power system IT Italy IQ Iraq It total impulse IR infrared ITAG inertial terrain-aided guidance IR Iran ITAR International Traffic in Arms Regulations IR&D independent research and development ITL NIST’s Information Technology Laboratory IRA impulse radiating antenna ITRF International Terrestrial Reference IRAD independent research and Frame development ITS Intelligent Transport System IRCM infrared countermeasures ITSEC Information Technology Security IRCOM Institut de Recherche en Evaluation Criteria Communications Optiques et Microondes ITTWG Information Technology Technology Working Group IRE Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics (Russia) ITU International Telecommunications Union IRFPA infrared focal plane array IV Initialization Vector IRIG Interrange Instrumentation Group IW information warfare IRSS Infrared Search System IWG Interagency Working Group IRST infrared search and track IXC interexchange carrier IRU inertial reference unit IS Iceland J joule IS information system J/cc joules per cubic centimeter ISA Industry Standard Architecture J/gm joules/gram ISA inertial sensor assembly J/kg joules per kilogram ISAR inverse synthetic aperture radar J/pulse joules per pulse ISAS Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (Japan) JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff ISDN integrated services digital network JDA Japan Defense Agency ISIT Fraunhofer Institute for Silicon JDAM Joint direct attack munition Technology JDIS Joint Distributed Information ISL France-German Research Institute System of Saint Louis JEM Japanese Experiment Module ISO International Standards JFCC Japan Fine Ceramics Center Organization JHU/APL Johns Hopkins University/Applied ISP Internet Service Provider Physics Laboratory

Isp specific impulse JINR Joint Institute of Nuclear Research ISR intelligence, surveillance, and JMA Japan Meteorological Agency reconnaissance JMAT Joint Service Medium-Caliber ISS integrated sensor suite Automatic Gun Technology Group

ACR-19 JNLWP Joint Nonlethal Weapons Program kcal kilocalorie JP Japan kD kilodaltons JP jet propulsion KDN potassium dinitramide JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group KE kinetic energy JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory KEM kinetic energy missile JPO Joint Program Office Keto-RDX 2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazacyclo- JSB Japan storage battery hexanone JSF Joint Strike Fighter keV kilo electron volt JSFWC Joint Staff Future Warfighting KEW kinetic energy weapon Capability kG kilogauss JSLIST Joint Service lightweight kg kilogram integrated suit technology kg/dm3 kilograms per cubic decimeter JSOW Joint standoff weapon kg/kW kilogram per kilowatt JSRIM Joint Services Requirement for kg/N kilogram/Newton Insensitive Munitions KGD known good die JSTARS Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System kHz kilohertz JSW Joint standoff weapon kJ kilojoule JT joule-thomson KKV kinetic kill vehicle JTIDS Joint Tactical Distribution KLEXT K-mixing, low-energy, X-ray Information System triggering JTMD Joint Theater Missile Defense km kilometer JTR Joint Tactical Radio km/sec kilometers per second JTRS Joint Tactical Radio System kN kilonewton JUXOCO Joint Unexploded Ordnance KOH potassium hydroxide Coordination Office KP North Korea JV Joint Vision kPa kilopascal (0.00987 atmospheres) JWSTP Joint Warfighting Science and Kr krypton Technology Plan KR South Korea krad(Si) kilorads (in silicon) k magnetomechanical coupling+ KrF krypton-fluoride factor KRS key recovery system K Kelvin temperature KSHV Kaposi Sarcoma HV K thousand (kilo) ksi thousand pounds per square inch K–6 2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazacyclo- hexanone kt kiloton (yield) kA kiloamperes kT kiloton kA/cm2 kiloamperes per cm2 KTA potassium titanyl arsenate kA/ns kiloampere per nanosecond ktap one thousand dyne centimeters per second KAIST Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KTP potassium titanyl phosphate kbar kilobar kV kilovolt kbit kilobit kV/cm kilovolts per centimeter kbps kilobits per second kV/m kilovolts per meter

ACR-20 kV/mil kilovolts per mil LED light-emitting diode kV/mm kilovolts per millimeter LEED low-energy electron diffraction kV/ns kilovolts per nanosecond LEL low-energy laser KW Kuwait LEMP lightning electromagnetic pulse kW kilowatt LEO low-Earth orbit kWe kilowatt (electric) LETI Laboratoire d’Electronique, de kWh/kg kilowatt-hours per kilogram Technologie de l’Information (The Electronics and Information Technology Laboratory) l liter LEU low enriched uranium L water beam attenuation length LFC laminar flow control l/d length-to-diameter LGG light gas gun L/D lift/drag LH2 liquid hydrogen LAAS local area augmentation system Li lithium LADAR laser detection and ranging Li-ion lithium-ion LADAR laser radar LICA 12 neopentyl(dially)oxy-tri(dioctyl) LAER lowest achievable emission phosphato titanate reductions LIDAR light detection and ranging LAN local area network LIHE laser-initiated high explosive LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory LIS laser isotope separation LANS local area network system LLI Liebheer Aerospace Lindenberg LASER light amplification by stimulated LLL low light level emission of radiation LLLTV low light level TV LASERCOM laser communications LLNL Lawrence Livermore National LAV light armored vehicle Laboratory lb/hp-hr pounds per horsepower-hour LLRC low repetition rate capacitors lb/kW pounds per kilowatt LLS laser line scanner LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National LMDS local multi-channel distribution Laboratory service LB/TS large blast/thermal simulator LMFBR liquid metal fast breeder reactor LC liquid crystal LMR liquid metal reactor LCAC landing craft, air cushion LMRS long-term mine reconnaissance LCD liquid crystal display system LCI load commutated inverter LMS least mean square LCP liquid crystal polymer LMT large mmW telescope LCS laser cross section LNA low-noise amplifier LCt lethal concentration time LNG liquefied natural gas LD lethal dose LO low observable LDCs lesser developed countries LOCAAS Low-Cost Antiarmor System LE low explosive LOCAAS Low-Cost Autonomous Attack LEAF law enforcement access field System LEC local exchange carrier LORAN long-range aid to navigation LED laser-emitting diode LOS line of sight

ACR-21 LOSAT line-of-sight antitank m2 square meter LOTWG Lasers and Optics Technology m3 cubic meter Working Group MA mega-ampere LOVA low-vulnerability ammunition mA milliampere LOX liquid oxygen MA mobile assistant LP liquid propellant mA/cm2 milliamps per square centimeter LPCVD low-pressure chemical vapor MAb monoclonal antibody deposition MABS military application of blast LPD low probability of detection simulation LPG liquefied petroleum gas MAC message authentication code LPI low probability of intercept MAC modified auxiliary closure LPI/LPD low probability of intercept/low MAE medium altitude endurance probability of detection MAFET Microwave and Analog Front-End LPT low power transceiver Technology LPTF Laboratoire Primaire du Temps et MAGIC Multimission Advanced Ground des Fréquences Intelligent Control LRC inductor, resistor, capacitor MAGLEV magnetic levitated LRERI Lviv Radio Engineering Research MAGT MOS-assisted gate thyristor Institute (Ukraine) MAJCOM Major Command (U.S. Air Force) LRF laser range finder MALDI matrix-assisted laser desorption LRR lower reposition rate ionization LRU line replaceable unit MAN metropolitan area network LSTAT life support for trauma and MANPADS Man-Portable Air Defense System transport MAP Microwave Anisotropy Probe LTBT limited test ban treaty MAPO tris-1-(2-methyl)aziridinyl LTE local thermal equilibrium phosphine oxide LTS low-temperature superconductivity MAPS Millimeter Wave Analysis of LU Luxembourg Passive Signature LUCE Laser Utilizing Communications MASER Microwave Amplification by Equipment Stimulated Emission of Radiation LVIS launch vibration isolation system MASINT Measurement and Signature LWIM low-power wireless microsensors Intelligence LWIR long-wave infrared MAV micro air vehicle LWIR long wavelength infrared MAXRD impedance matched X-ray diode LWR laser warning receiver Mb Mega bits LY Libya MB Mega bytes MBB Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm (Germany) m meter MBBAY a specific X-ray blowoff code m milli (10–3) MBCS Meteor Burst Communications M million; as prefix, Mega System M&C management and control MBE molecular beam epitaxy M&S modeling and simulation MBG multiband gap m/sec; m/s meters per second Mbit/sec megabits/second

ACR-22 Mbps megabytes per second MEDEVAC medical evacuation MBT main battle tank megarad(Si) million rads (in silicon) Mbytes megabytes MEL medium-energy laser MC molten carbonate MEL-ARI Microelectronics Advanced MC-1 chemical bomb Research Initiative MCA multi-chip assembly MEM microelectromechanical MCAGCC Marine Corps Air Ground Combat MEMS microelectromechanical systems Center MEO medium-Earth Orbit MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell MEO middle Earth orbit MCG magnetocumulative generator MEOMS micro-electrooptical-mechanical MCH methylcyclohexane systems MCH methylcyclohexane MER message error rate MCM mine countermeasure MESA microsystems and engineering science applications MCM multichip module MESMA Module d’Energie Sous-Marin MCM–C multichip modules–ceramic Autonome MCM–C/D multichip modules–ceramic/ Met meteorology deposited MET molecular electronic technology MCM–D multichip modules–deposited Methyl bis(2-methylazi- MCM–L multichip modules–laminated ridinyl)methylamino MCM–L/D multichip modules–laminated/ METI Ministry of Economic Trade and deposited Industry (Japan) MCNC Microelectronic Center of North METWG Biomedical Technology Working Carolina (University) Group MCP massively concurrent processing MeV million electron volts MCS modular charge system MFC magnetic field compression MCT mercury cadmium telluride MFCG magnetic flux compression MCT Militarily Critical Technologies generator MCT MOS-controlled thyristor MFL multiple-folded laser MCTL Militarily Critical Technologies MFR Multi-Function Radar List MFSW medium-frequency sky wave MCTP Militarily Critical Technologies MFS3 multifunction staring sensor suite Program MFTWG Manufacturing and Fabrication MCXO microcomputer-compensated Technology Working Group oscillator Mg magnesium MDA Missile Defense Agency mg milligram MDP multidisciplinary design optimization mg/cc milligrams per cubic centimeter 2 MDS magneto-dynamic storage mg/cm milligrams per square centimeter MEA More Electric Aircraft MHD magnetohydrodynamic MEADS Medium Extended Air Defense MHD-EMP magnetohydrodynamic electro- System magnetic pulse MED magneto-electric dynamic MHPCC Maui High Performance Computing Center MEDAL Mine Warfare Environmental Decision Aids Library MHz megahertz

ACR-23 MIB management information base MMIC microwave/millimeter-wave MIC microwave integrated circuit monolithic integrated circuit MICLIC mine clearing line charge MMIC miniaturized monolithic integrated circuit MICOM U. S. Army Missile Command MMIC monolithic microwave integrated MICV mechanized infantry combat circuit vehicle mmIC millimeter-wave IC MIEM Master Information Exchange MOU (U.S.–UK) MMM Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology (Division of NCAR) MIJ meaconing, intrusion, jamming, and interception MMMW monolithic microwave millimeter wave mil one one-thousandth of an inch MMST Microelectronics Manufacturing MILO magnetic insulated line oscillator Science and Technology MILSATCOM Military Satellite Communications MMT Methods of Manufacturing MILSPEC military specification Technologies MILSTAR military, strategic, tactical, and mmw millimeter wave relay (satellite) MMW multi-megawatt MIL-STD Military Standard MMWTIS millimeter wave targeting and MIMP Mesoscale Interface Mapping imaging system Project MN mega-newton min minutes MNS mine neutralization system MIPS million instructions per second MOCVD metallo organic chemical vapor MIPS multimission image processing deposition subsystem MOCVD metal oxide chemical vapor MIR mid infrared deposition MIS management information system MoD Ministry of Defence (United MIT Massachusetts Institute of Kingdom) Technology MOD means of delivery (of WMD) MJ megajoule Modem modulator/demodulator mJ millijoule MOE micro-optical element ml milliliter MOEMS micro-optics-electromechanical ML Munitions List (Wassenaar system Arrangement) MOLLE modular lightweight load-carrying MLC Military Load Class equipment MLI midlife improvement MOM method of moment MLIS molecular laser isotope separation MOO MUD, object-oriented MLRS multiple launch rocket system MOOTW military operations other than war MLS microwave landing system MOPP mission-oriented protective posture mm millimeter MOPS million operations per second mm2 square millimeter MOS metal-oxide semiconductor MMC metal matrix composite MOSFET metal-oxide semiconductor field- effect transistor MMD mass medium diameter MOTS micro-optical table systems MMH monomethyl hydrazine Mots modified off-the-shelf MOU Memorandum of Understanding

ACR-24 MOUT military operations in urban terrain MSTAR moving and stationary target MOVPE metal organic vapor phase epitaxy acquisition radar MPa megapascals MSTWG Marine Systems Technology Working Group MPEG Moving Pictures Expert Group MSX midcourse space experiment MPF multipurpose fuze Mt megaton mph miles per hour MT metric ton MPI mean point of impact MTBF mean time between failures MPM microwave power modules MTBOH mean time between overhaul MPNTP Master Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Plan MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime MPQS multi polynomial quadratic sieve MTF modulation transfer function MPT Ministry of Posts and Tele- communications (Japan) MTI moving target indication MPTB microelectronics and photonics MTO Microsystems Technology Office testbed (DARPA) MPTWG Materials and Processing Mtops million theoretical operations per Technology Working Group second MPU microprocessor unit MTSAT multifunctional transport satellite MR magnetoresistive MTTF mean time to failure mrad milliradians MUD multiple user dimensions Mrad(Si) million rads (in silicon) MURAT Munitions à Risques Atenues mrem millirem MV megavolt MRI magnetic resonance imaging MV muzzle velocity MRL multiple rocket launcher MV/cm megavolts per centimeter MRMS Millimeter Wave Reflectivity MV/ns megavolts per nanosecond Measurement System MVA megavolt-amperes mRNA messenger ribonucleic acid MVRS muzzle velocity radar system MRTD Machine-readable travel MVS Multiple Virtual System documents MW megawatt MS marine systems mW milliwatt MS mass spectrometry mW/cm2 milliwatts per centimeter squared ms millisecond MWCG multiwave Cerenkov generator MSCM military systems, components, and MWh/kg megawatt hours per kilogram materials MWIR medium wavelength infrared MSE mobile subscriber equipment MWIR midwave infrared msec (ms) millisecond MX Mexico MSFC Marshall Space Flight Center (NASA) MSIMD multiple single instruction multiple n nano data N newton MSIS Multi-Sensor Integration System N D n-dimensional MSSS Maui Space Surveillance Site N.B. nota bene (Air Force) N/m2 newtons per square meter

ACR-25 NA numerical aperture NCP network control point Na sodium NCTR non-cooperative target recognition NACA National Advisory Committee on NCW network-centric warfare Aeronautics Nd neodymium NACC North Atlantic Cooperation Nd:YAG neodymium:yttrium aluminum Council garnet NAD Navy Area TBMD NDE nondestructive evaluation NAE National Academy of Engineering NDGPS National Differential Global NAI® Network Associates, Incorporated Positioning System NAL National Aerospace Laboratory NDI nondestructive inspection (Japan) NDRE Norwegian Defense Research NAMRU Naval Medical Research Unit Establishment NAS National Academy of Sciences NDT nondestructive test NAS network attached storage NDT&E nondestructive test and evaluation NASA National Aeronautics and Space NDU non-digitized unit Administration NDUL Nuclear Dual-Use List (NSG) NASDA National Space and Development NE network element Agency (Japan) NE northeast NAT Network address translation NEDO New Energy and Industrial NATIBO North American Technology and Technology Development Industrial Base Organization Organization NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NELS Northern European LORAN NAV navigation System NAVSAT navigation satellite NEM nanoelectromechanical NAVSEA Naval Sea Systems Command NEMO Naval EarthMap Observer NAWC Naval Air Warfare Center NEMP nuclear electromagnetic pulse NB narrow band NEMS nanoelectromechanical systems NBC nuclear, biological, and chemical NEP noise equivalent power N/cm2 newtons per square centimeter NEPE nitrate ester plasticized polyether NC numerically controlled NETD noise-equivalent temperature NCA national command authorities difference NCAC National Crash Analysis Center NF New Forum (George Washington University) NFS Network File System NCAR National Center for Atmospheric NFS number field sieve Research NG nitroglycerin NCARAI Navy Center for Applied Research NGA National Geospatial-Intelligence in Artificial Intelligence Agency NCES Net Centric Enterprise Services NGIC National Ground Intelligence NCIC National Center for Intelligent Center Computing NGL next-generation lithography NCIS National Clinical Information nH/A nanohenries per ampere System nHz nanohertz NCMS National Center for Manufacturing Science Ni nickel

ACR-26 NIC network interface card NOCINCO China North Chemical Industries NIH National Institutes of Health Corporation NIIRS National Imagery Interpretability NOEL Nonlinear Electronics Laboratory Rating Scale NOL Naval Ordnance Laboratory NIJ National Institute of Justice NONA nonanitroterphenyl NIMA National Imagery and Mapping NOS network operations centers Agency NOSC Naval Ocean Systems Center NIMH nickel metal hydride NOx oxides of nitrogen NIMIC NATO Insensitive Munitions NOx nitrogen oxide Information Center NP neutral particle NIR near infrared NP nonproliferation NIRIM National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials NPB neutral particle beam NIS Network Information Services NPT Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty NIST National Institute of Standards and NQ nitroguanidine Technology NQR nuclear quadrupole resonance NJIT New Jersey Institute of NRAC Naval Research Advisory Technology Committee nK nanokelvin NRC National Research Council NL Netherlands NRC National Response Center NLO nonlinear optical NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NLR National Aerospace Laboratory NRDEC Natick Research, Development and (Netherlands) Engineering Center NLW nonlethal weapon NRL Naval Research Laboratory nm nanometer NRO National Reconnaissance Office NM network management NRT near real time NMD National Missile Defense NS nuclear systems nmi nautical mile NS&E nanoscale science and engineering NMIH nickel metal hydride NSA National Security Agency NMMO 3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane NSAN nonstabilized ammonium nitrate NMP New Millenium Program NSC Natick Soldier Center (U.S. Army) nmph nautical miles per hour nsec (ns) nanosecond NMR nuclear magnetic resonance NSF National Science Foundation NMRCI National Microelectronics NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group Research Centre, Ireland NSIAD National Security and International NMRS Near-Term Mine Reconnaissance Affairs Division System NSLS National Synchrotron Light Source NNI National Nanotechnology Initiative NSOM nearfield optical scanning NNWS non-nuclear weapons states microscopy NO Naval Operations NSRC Naval Surface Research Center NO Norway NSTC National Science and Technology NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Council Administration NSTWG Nuclear Systems Technology NOC network operations center Working Group

ACR-27 NSWC Naval Surface Warfare Center OCR organic cooled reactor nT nanotesla Octal aluminum octadecanoate NTA Netwrok Address Translation Octal HMX/TNT mixtures NTI/O nontraditional input/output ODP oxygen depleting potential NTL Nuclear Trigger List (supplement OE opto-electronics of NSG) OEIC optoelectric integrated circuit NTO nitrogen tetroxide OFHC oxygen-free high conductivity NTO 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one OI optical interconnection NTRS National Technology Roadmap for OICETS Optical Inter-orbit Communica- Semiconductors tions Engineering Test Satellite NTT Nippon Telephone and Telegraph OJT on-the-job training Corporation OLAP on-line analytical processing NTTC National Technology Transfer Center (NASA) OLE object linking and embedding NTW Navy Theater Wide OLETC Office of Law Enforcement Technology Commercialization NUDET nuclear denotation OLTP on-line transaction processing NUST National University of Sciences and Technology (China) OMV orbit maneuvering vehicles NUWC Naval Undersea Warfare Center ONERA Office National d’Études et de Recherches Aerospatiale NV night vision ONR Office of Naval Research NVG night vision goggles ONTA 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one NVLAP National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program OODA observe-orient-decide-act NVS night vision system OOT object-oriented technologies NWC Naval Weapons Center OOTW operations other than war NWE nuclear weapons effects OPC optical proximity correction NWES nuclear weapons effects simulation OPO optical parametric oscillator NWS nuclear weapons state OPR Office of Primary Responsibility NZ New Zealand OPSEC operations security ORASIS Optical Real-Time Adaptive Signature Identification System O&M operation and maintenance ORD operational requirements document O&S operation and support ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory O2–I oxygen iodine ORU operational resource unit OASDSOLIC Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations O/S Operating System and Low-Intensity Conflict OSD Office of the Secretary of Defense OAV organic air vehicle OSCE Organization for Security and OC optical carrier Cooperation in Europe OCAR Office of Crash Avoidance OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Research Administration OCCM optical counter-countermeasures OSI open systems interconnetion OCM optical countermeasures OSL optically stimulated luminescence OCR Optical character reader OSP Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program OTH over the horizon

ACR-28 OTM on the move PD photo detectors OTS off the shelf PDA Personal data assistant OTV orbital transfer vehicle PDA pulsed disk alternator PDE pulse-detonation engine P phosphide PDL Page Description Language P2P Peer-to-peer PDMS polydimethylsiloxane Pa pascal PE piezoelectric PA phosphoric acid PEBB power electronic building block Pa/s pascals per second PEFC polymer electrolyte fuel cell PAC-3 Patriot Advanced Capability-3 PEFC proton exchange fuel cell polymer PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cell electrolyte fuel cell PAHO Pan-American Health PEIP programmable embeddable Organization INFOSEC product PAI pathogenicity island PEK polyether ketone PALs permissive action links PEM proton exchange membrane PAM penetration-augmented munition PEMFC proton exchange membrane fuel cell PAR precision approach radar PEMS pico-electromechanical systems Patriot Phased Array Tracking Intercept on Target PET positron emission tomography PB particle beam PET pulsed electrothermal PBAA polybutadiene-acrylic acid PETN pentaerythritol tetranitrate PBAN polybutadiene-acrylic acid- PEX paste extrudable explosive acrylonitrile PFN pulse-forming network PbS lead sulphide PFPAE perfluorinated polyalkyl ether PbSe lead selenide PGM An end-user program PbSnTe lead tin telluride PGM precision-guided munition PBV post-boost vehicle PGN polyglycidylnitrate PBW power by wire PGP Pretty Good Privacy PBX plastic-bonded explosive PGU power-generation unit PC personal computer PH Philippines PCB printed circuit board PHLASH Phone Home Link for Autonomous PCN polycrystalline cubic boron nitride Spacecraft Handling PCDE polycyanodifluoroamino- PHM Prognostics and Health ethyleneoxide Management PCL passive coherent location PIN personal identification number pCLC polymeric cholesteric liquid crystal PIN positive-intrinsic-negative diode PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card PIO pilot-induced oscillation International Association PIR passive infrared PCR polymerase chain reaction PIV Particle-Imaging Velocimetry PCRC photochemical reaction system PK Pakistan PCS personal communications system PKI public key infrastructure PCSS photoconductive solid-state PL Poland switching

ACR-29 PLGR Precision Lightweight GPS PSAM phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate Receiver PSD power spectral density PM permanent magnet psf pounds per square foot PM phase modulation psi pounds per square inch PM photomultiplier psia pounds per square inch absolute PM Program Manager psig pounds per square inch gauge PMC polymer matrix composite PSM phase-shifting masks PMT photomultiplier tube PSO peace support operation PNT positioning, navigation, and time PSP plasma separation process PNTP precision network time protocol PSVN public switched voice networks PNTWG Positioning, Navigation, and Time PT Portugal Technology Working Group PTD physical theory of diffraction POE point of entry PT&F precise time and frequency POF plastic optical fibers PTI precision targeting identification poly-GLYN poly(nitatromethyloxirane) PTR photo-thermo-refractive POS/NAV position/navigation PtSi platinum silicide POSITIME position and time PTT postal, telephone, and telegraph POSTECH Pohang University of Science and Technology (South Korea) PTTI precise time and time intervals POTS plain ordinary telephone system Pu plutonium ppb parts per billion PUREX plutonium uranium recovery by extraction ppm parts per million PV photovoltaic PPM proton precession magnetometer PV/W pressure-volume/weight PPS precise positioning service PVC polyvinyl chloride (H2CCHCI)x pps pulses per second PVD physical vapor deposition ppt parts per trillion PVF2 polyvinylidine fluoride PPT pulsed plasma thruster PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone PRBG pseudo-random bit generator PW penetrating weapon PRC People’s Republic of China PWM pulse width modulation PRC photochemical reaction center PWR pressurized water reactor PRCS photochemical reaction center synthesis/structure PWSC preferred weapon system concept PRD pinch reflex diode PYX picrylaminodinitropyridine PRF pulse repetition frequency PZT lead zicronate titanate PRNG Pseudo-random number generator PROM programmable read-only memory Q a figure of merit for a resonant circuit PRPB Propulsion Directorate/Battery Branch Q&A question and answer PRS plasma radiation source QA/QC quality assurance/quality control ps picosecond QAM quadrature amplitude modulation PSA pressure swing absorption QC quality control PSAC performance-seeking aircraft QD quantum dot control QED quantum electrodynamics

ACR-30 QIP quantum information processing RCM reciprocating chemical muscle QIPC quantum information processing/ RCRA Resource Conservation and communication Recovery Act QKD Quantum key distribution RCS radar cross section QNOS quantum nano-optics of RD&E research, development, and semiconductors engineering QW quantum well RDA representational difference QWIP quantum well infrared analyses photodetector RDC relative dielectric constant RDEC Research, Development, and R range Engineering Center R&D research and development RDF Rapid Deployment Force R/W read/write RDG relativistic diffraction generator RA Registration Authority RDT&E research, development, test, and evaluation rad hard radiation hardened RDX cyclotri-methylenetrinitramine rad(Si) radiation absorbed dose (in silicon) RESTORE Reconfigurable Systems for rad(Si)/sec rads (si) per second Tailless Fighter Aircraft RADAR radio detecting and ranging RET resolution enhancement techniques rads radiation absorbed dose REVCON Revolutionary Concepts (NASA RADX cyclotri-methylenetrinitramine project) RAID random array of independent RF, r f radio frequency devices rf/mmW Radio Frequency/Millimeter Wave RAID rapid assessment and initial (Facility) detection RFC request for comments RAID redundant array of independent RFI radio frequency interference disks RFID radio-frequency identification RaLa radioactive lanthanum RFP Request for Proposal RAM radar absorbing materials RFQ radio frequency quadruple RAM random access memory RHA rolled homogeneous armor RAMICS rapid airborne mine clearance system RIAA Recording Industry Association of American RAP rocket-assisted projectile RIE reactive ion etching RAS Russian Academy of Sciences RIMMP radar instrument for measurement RAS radar-absorbing structure of land vehicle movement RASER Research and Seeker Emulation parameters Radar RISC reduced instruction set computers RBG random bit generation RKA relativistic klystron amplifier RBLOS regional beyond-line-of-sight RKA Russian Space Agency RBMK (Russian) high-power pressure- RLG ring laser gyroscope tube reactor RLV reusable launch vehicle RC resistance-capacitance RMP reprogrammable microprocessor RC Ron’s Code RMS remote minehunting system RCA Radar for Collision Avoidance rms root mean square

ACR-31 RNA ribonucleic acid s second RNG Random number generator S siemen (unit of electrical RO reverse osmosis conductivity) RO Romania S&H survivability and hardening ROC receiver operating characteristic S&R search and rescue ROC Taiwan – Republic of China S&T science and technology ROE rules of engagement S&TW surveillance and threat warning ROIC readout integrated circuit S/A selective availability ROM read-only memory S/cm siemens per centimeter ROV remotely operated vehicles S-HTTP Secure HTTP RPC Remote procedure call S/m siemens per meter RPG rocket-propelled grenade S/N signal to noise (ratio) RPM rapid prototype manufacturing SA Saudi Arabia RPM, rpm revolutions per minute SA situational awareness RPV remotely piloted vehicle SA/CID situational awareness/combat identification RSA Rivest, Shamir, Adelman SAA South Atlantaic Anomaly RSC Rocket Space Corporation (Russia) SABER situational awareness beacon with RSCAAL remote sensing chemical agent reply alarm SABRE shallow water assault breaching RSMD radar sensor for maintaining the distance SACLOS semi-automatic command to line of sight RSST rapid synthesis and simulation tool SACMA Suppliers of Advanced Composite RSTA reconnaissance, surveillance, and Materials Association target acquisition SADARM sense and destroy armor RSVP reduced ship’s crew by virtual presence SADL FAC situational awareness data link forward air controller RTD resonant tunneling diodes SAE Society of Automotive Engineers RTG radioistope thermoelectric generators SAF safing, arming, and fuzing RTI run-time infrastructure SAFER secure and fast encryption routine RTK real-time kinematic SAFF safing, arming, fuzing, and firing RTTY radio teletype SAFOR semi-automated forces RU Russia SAM self-assembling membrane RV reentry vehicle SAM surface-to-air missile RV remote vehicles SAMPEX Solar Anomalous and Magneto- spheric Particle Explorer RW Rabin-Williams SAN storage area network RW rotary wing SAR search and rescue RWC real-world computing SAR synthetic aperture radar SAS Survivable Adaptive System SATCOM communication satellite SAW surface acoustic wave Sb antimony (stibium)

ACR-32 SBEON space-based electro-optical SE static electric network SE Sweden SBIR Small Business Innovation SEE single event effect Research SE&I systems engineering and SBIR small business innovative research integration SBIRS Space-Based Infrared System SEA statistical energy analysis SBL space-based laser sec second SBR space-based radar SECOMS satellite EHF communications for SBU Sensitive, but UNCLASSIFIED mobile multimedia services SBV space-based visible SEFI single-event fault-interrupt SC single crystal SELEX systemic evolution of ligands by SCADA supervisory control and data exponential enrichment acquisition system SELT sheet-explosive loading technique SCALPEL scattering with angular limitation SEM scanning electronic microscope projection electron-beam SEMI Semiconductor Equipment and lithography Materials International SCDE simplified collective detection SEP Société Européenne de Propulsion equipment SEP spherical error probable SCGT simple-cycle gas turbine Sep system enhancement package SCI Sensitive Compartmented Information SES surface effect ships SCM scanning capacitance microscopy SET single electron tunneling SCM systems, components, and SET single event transients materials SET synchronizing enabling SCO split cavity oscillator technologies SCPE simplified collective protection SEU single-event upset equipment SEV surface-effect vehicles SCPS Space Communication Protocol SF superfluorescence Standard SFAP space-frequency adaptive SCR silicon controlled rectifier processor Scramjet supersonic combustion ramjet SFC specific fuel consumption SCSI small computer system interface SFODB Spaceborne Fiber-Optic Data Bus SCSI Society for Computer Simulation SG Singapore International SGC Security Classification Guide SCTWG Signature Control Technology SGEMP system-generated electromagnetic Working Group pulse SCUBA self-contained underwater SGML Standard Graphics Markup breathing apparatus Language SCUD western name for early Soviet SHA-1 secure hashing algorithm missile system SHF super-high frequency SDH synchronous digital hierarchy SHORAD Short-Range Air Defence SDN software defined network SHPL super high power laser SDO State Design Office (Ukraine) Si silicon SDT spin-dependent tunneling SE spontaneous emission

ACR-33 SI Système Internationale d’Unités SMA shape memory alloy (The International System of SMART Smart Materials Actuated Rotor Units) Technology SIA Semiconductor Industry SMC Space and Missile Systems Center Association (U.S. Air Force) SiC silicon carbide SMC/T&E Space and Missile Systems Center SiGe silicon germanium Test and Evaluation Directorate SiGeB silicon-germanium boron SMI structure of management SiGeC silicon-germanium carbon information SIGINT signals intelligence SMNP simple management network protocol SILEX Semiconductor Laser Intersatellite Link Experiment SMP shape memory polymer SIM Subscriber identity module SMP symmetrical multiprocessor SIMD single instruction, multiple data SMPT Simple Mail Transport Protocol SIMOX separation by the implantation of SMR specialized mobile radio oxygen SMS system management system SiN silicon nitride SN sensors and navigation SINCGARS single-channel ground and SNL Sandia National Laboratory airborne radio system SNM special nuclear material SINS ships inertial navigation systems SNMP simple network management SiO2 silicon dioxide protocol SiOC silicon oxycarbide SNPE Société Nationale des Poudres et SIP SINCGARS Improvement Explosifs Program SNR signal-to-noise ratio SIPE soldier integrated protective SO solid oxide ensemble SOA safe operating area SIPRNET Secret Internet Protocol Router SOF Special Operations Force Network SOFC solid oxide fuel cell SIS signal in space SOFRADIR Société Française de Détecteurs SIT silicon intensified target Infrarouge SK Slovakia SOHO small office/home office SKIPPER a specific lagrangian ground SOI silicon on insulator motion code SONET synchronous optical network SLAC Stanford Linear Accelerator SOS Secure operating system SLAM selectable lightweight attack munition SOS silicon-on-sapphire SLAM standoff land attack missile SOTV solar orbit transfer vehicle SLAR side-looking airborne radar SP self propelled SLM spatial light modulator SP solid propellant SLOC sea line of communication SP Special Publication SLR satellite laser ranging SP Spain [ES - (ISO)] SLS side-looking sonar SPA Software Publishers Association SLUFAE surface-launched fuel air explosive SPAWAR Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command SLV space-launch vehicle

ACR-34 SPD severe plastic deformation SSDC Space and Strategic Defense SPDT single point diamond turning Command (U.S. Army) SPE synchronous payload envelope SSG conventional-powered guided missile submarine SPECT single photon emission computerized tomography SSGN nuclear-powered guided missile submarine SPEEDES synchronous parallel environment for emulation and discrete-event SSK conventional-powered attack simulation submarine SPES synchronous payload envelopes SSL Secure Sockets Layer SPF/DB superplastic forming/diffusion SSM semi-solid metalworking bonding SSME Space Shuttle Manned Explorer SPFC solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell SSN submarine, nuclear attack SpG specific gravity SSNS solid-state navigation system SPH smoothed particle hydrodynamics SSOP shrink small outline package SPLAT spray lead at target SSR secondary surveillance radar SPM scanning probe microscopy SST supersonic transport SPO System Program Office SSTO single-stage-to-orbit SPOD seaport of debarkation SSTWG Space Systems Technology SPOT Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Working Group Terre STANAG standardization agreement SPP security practices policy STAP space-time adaptive processor; SPS Standard Positioning Service space-time adaptive processing SQC statistical quality control STFD spatial time-frequency distribution SQUID superconductive quantum STIO Space Technology Integration interference device Office SR Slovak Republic STM scanning tunneling microscope SR-12 ammonium dinitraminide STM synchronous transport module SRA shop-replaceable assembly STO science and technology objective SRAM short-range attack missile STO scientific technology objective SRAM static random access memory STOL short takeoff and landing SRBM short-range ballistic missile STOM ship-to-objective maneuver SREMP source region electromagnetic STOW synthetic theater of war pulse STP solar thermal propulsion SRS stimulated Raman scattering STP standard temperature and pressure SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission STRICOM U.S. Army Stimulation, Training, SS signaling system and Instrumentation Command SS space system STS Satellite Tracking System SSA Ship Support Agency STS stockpile-to-target sequence SSA solid-state amplifier STS synchronous transport signal SSB conventional-powered ballistic STTR small business technology transfer missile submarine program SSB single sideband STW Surveillance and Threat Warning SSBN submarine ballistic missile nuclear SUNY State University of New York

ACR-35 SURTASS surveillance towed array sensor TATB triaminotrinitrobenzene (high- systems temperature explosive) SUSOPS sustained operations TAV transatmospheric vehicle SWAS small water plane area ship TB tuberculosis SWATH small waterplane area twin hull TBC thermal barrier coating SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank TBM theater ballistic missile Financial Telecommunications TBMD theater ballistic missile defense SWIR short wavelength infrared TBN tactical ballistic missile SwRI Southwest Research Institute TBP tri-n-butyl-phosphate SWS subwavelength structured Tc critical temperature SY Syria Tc superconducting temperature (high Tc = 77 K, low Tc = 4 K) T tesla Tc transition temperatures t ton Tc transmit clock/telemetry combiner T tritium TCM trajectory correctable munition T&E test and evaluation TCP/IP transmission control protocol/ T, P, and I test, production, and inspection internet protocol T/P TOPEX/POSEIDON TCSEC trusted computer system evaluation criteria T/R transmit and receive TCT time-critical targeting T/S Teraflops per second TCXO temperature-compensated crystal T/T transceiver oscillator T/W thrust-to-weight (ratio) TDA time to double amplitude TacMedCS Tactical Medical Coordination TDD target detection device System TDEA triple data encryption algorithm TACMS Tactical Missile System TDES Triple Data Encryption Standard TACOM Tank-Automotive and Armaments Command (U.S. Army) TDI time delay and integration TADIL tactical data information link TDM time division multiplexing TADMUS tactical decision-making under TDMA time division multiple access stress TDOA time difference of arrival TAGN triaminoguanidinenitrate TDRI Technical Research and TAIW tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaiso- Development Institute (Japan) wurtzitane TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite TAPS tunnel and pipe seal System TARDEC Tank Automotive Research, Te telluride Development, and Engineering TE thermoelectric Command TE transverse electric TARFS three axis of rotation flight TEGDN triethyleneglycoldinitrate simulator TEL transporter/erector launcher TAS thallium arsenic selenide TEM transmission electron microscopy TASER Tom A. Swift's Electric Rifle TEM transverse electromagnetic TAT 1,3,5,7-tetraacetyl-1,3,5,7-tetra- azacyclooctane TEMPEST transient electromagnetic pulse emanations standard

ACR-36 TEPAN tetraethylenepentamine- TNAD 1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetra- acrylonitrile azadecalin TEPANOL tetraethylenepentamine- TNAZ 1,1,3-trinitroazetidine acrylonitrileglycidol TNEOC polynitroorthocarbonate TE–PVD thermal evaporation—physical TNGU tetranitroglycoluril vapor deposition TNO Nederlandse Organisatie Voor TERCOM terrain contour matching Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk TERM–KE tank extended range munition- Onderzoek (The Netherlands kinetic energy Organization for Applied TERPROM terrain profile matchup Scientific Research) TES Tactical Exploitation System TNO-PML The Netherlands Organization for Science and Technology–Prins Tetryl trinitro-phenylmethylnitramine Maurits Laboratory TEU technical escort unit TNPDU tetranitropropanediurea TeV tera electron volt TNT trinitrotoluene TFC transverse field compensation TOC tactical operations center TFT thin-film transistor TOPS total object processing system Tg glass transition temperature Torr pressure equivalent of 1 millimeter TGSM terminally guided submunition of mercury TH Thailand TOW tube-launched, optically tracked, THAAD Theater High-Altitude Area wire-guided (antitank missile) Defense TPB triphenyl bismuth ThAD tetranitrotetraaradecalin TPL towed pinger locator THEL tactical high-energylaser TPP theoretical peak performance THz terahertz TPV thermophotovoltaics TI target identification TR target recognition TI thermal imaging TR transition radiation Ti titanium TR Turkey TID total incident dose TRACER Tactical Reconnaissance TIR total indicated reading Armoured Combat Equipment Requirement TIS total integrated scattering TRADOC U.S. Army Training and Doctrine TIS trusted information system Command TLD thermoluminescent dosimetry TRANET Transit Network (U.S. Navy) TLE target location error TRANSEC transmission security TLGC transfer line gas chromatography TRAPATT trapped plasma avalanche transit- TM transverse magnetic time triode TMD Theater Missile Defense TREE transient radiation effects on TMN telecommunication management electronics network TRIGAT Tri-lateral Antitank Guided TMP trimethylol propane Weapon TMS thermomechanical shock TRI–TAC Tri-Services-Tactical Communications TN thermonuclear TRMA traceability, reliability, TN Tunisia maintainability, and availability

ACR-37 TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring UFPA Universidade Federal do Pará Mission (NASA satellite) (Brazil) TRP Technology Reinvestment UGS unattended ground sensors Program UGS unattended ground systems TSA temperature swing adsorption UGT underground testing TsAGI Russian Central Aero- and UGV unmanned ground vehicle Hydrodynamic Institute UGWET underground nuclear weapons TSOP thin small outline package effects test TSR thermostructural response UGWET underground weapons evaluation TSS telecommunications system sector and testing TT&C telemetry tracking and controls UHCA ultrahigh-capacity airliner TTO Technology Transition Office UHF ultrahigh frequency TTP tactics, techniques, and procedures UHV ultrahigh vacuum TTP trusted third party UK United Kingdom TUGV tactical unmanned ground vehicle ULSI ultra-large-scale integration Tupolev ANTK A.N. Tupolev Scientific and UN United Nations Technological Aviation Complex UNDEX underwater explosion TV television uPa/g micropascal per gram TVC thrust vector control UPC unit processing code TVOPA (tris vinoxypropane adduct) 1,2,3- UPS uninterruptible or uninterrupted tris(1,2-bis(difluoro-amonio) power supply ethoxy)propane UPS uninterruptible power system TVSS toroidal volume search sonar URL Uniform Resource Locator TW Taiwan USA U.S. Army TW terawatt USAF U.S. Air Force TW throw weight USAMRIID United States Army Medical TW toxin weapon Research Institute of Infectious TWG Technology Working Group Diseases TWT traveling wave tube USARTTC U.S. Army Redstone Technical Test Center USASMDC United States Army Space and U uranium Missile Command UA Ukraine USB Universal Serial Bus UAV unmanned aerial vehicle USCG U.S. Coast Guard UAV unmanned air vehicle USD (AT&L) Under Secretary of Defense for UCAR University Corporation for Acquisition, Technology, and Atmospheric Research Logistics UCAV uninhabited combat air vehicle USG United States Government UDMH unsymmetrical dimethyl lydrazine USMC United States Marine Corps UDP user datagram protocol USML United States Munition List UEP underwater electric potential USN U.S. Navy

UF6 uranium hexafluoride USNO United States Naval Observatory UFCV ultra-fast closing valve USSPACECOM United States Space Command

ACR-38 USSR Union of Soviet Socialist VMS vehicle management system Republics VN Vietnam USW undersea warfare VNL Virtual National Laboratory UTC coordinated universal time VOC volatile organic compounds UTD uniform theory of diffraction VOR very-high-frequency omni- UTS ultimate tensile strength directional range UUV unmanned underwater vehicle VPB vacuum power booster UV ultraviolet VPI vertical plane imaging UWB ultra-wideband VPN virtual private network UXGA ultra extended graphics array VR virtual reality UXO unexploded ordnance VSAT very-small-aperture terminal VSHORAD Very Short-Range Air Defence V Agents nerve agents VTOL vertical takeoff and landing V volt VTR video tape recorder V&V verification and validation VUV vacuum ultraviolet V/m volts per meter VVA verification, validation, and V/sec volts per second authentication V–A volt-ampere VWF variable message format VBAD Vehicle Blinde d’Appui VX chemical nerve agent VCEI Virtual Card Edge Interface VCN voice communications network W watt 2 VCR videocassette recorder W/cm watts per square centimeter VCSEL vertical cavity surface emitting W/in watts per inch laser W/kg watts per kilogram VDD voltage drain drain W/L watt per liter VE Venezuela W/s watts per second VEMASID vehicle magnetic signature WA Cat Wassenaar Arrangement—Dual- duplicators Use List Category VETRONICS vehicle electronics WA ML Wassenaar Arrangement— VHF very high frequency Munitions List VHN Vickers hardness WA Wassenaar Arrangement VHSIC very high-speed integrated circuit WAAS wide-area augmentation system VIS visible WAM wide-area mine VLCI vehicle limiting cone index WANS wide-area network system VLCT very large commercial transport WAS wide-area search VLF very low frequency WB wide band VLSI very large-scale integrated WCS wearable computer system VLSI very large-scale integration WDDI wire-distributed data interface VLWIR very long-wave infrared WDM wavelength division multiplexing VM Virtual Machine We/kg watts (electric) per kilogram VMF variable message format WET weapons effects test VMS Multiple Virtual System

ACR-39 WETWG Weapons Effects and Counter- Z atomic number measures Technology Working ZA South Africa Group ZCS zero current switching WGS World Geodetic System ZGP zinc germanium phosphide w-h/kg watt-hour per kilogram Zn zinc WHO World Health Organization ZNP zero-knowledge proofs Whr/kg watt-hour per kilogram ZnS zinc sulfide Whr/L watt-hour per liter ZnSe zinc selenide WII world information infrastructure ZrF4 zirconium fluoride Wi-Fi Wireless fidelity ZVS zero voltage switching WLAN Wireless Local Area Network WMD weapons of mass destruction WORM write once/read many WP white phosphorus WPAFB Wright-Patterson Air Force Base WRA weapon replacement assembly WSMR White Sands Missile Range WSQ wavelet scalar quantization WTC Worldwide Technology Capability WTEC World Technology Evaluation Center WWAN Wireless Wide Area Network WWI World War I WWMCCS Worldwide Military Command and Control System WWW Worldwide Web

X9 ANSI Financial Service X9F1 ANSI Financial Service, Cryptographic Standards and Tools Working Group XCBF XML Common Biometric Format XML Extensible Markup Language XO crystal oscillator XOR Exclusive-OR XPS photoelectron spectroscopy XTE X-ray Timing Explorer

YAG yttrium/aluminum garnet YBCO yttrium barium copper oxide YSGG yttrium scandium gallium garnet

ACR-40