0 Glossary, Collection of 10.000 Abbreviations 0 collected & edited by +Roger Wolf, Dd.-Ing., iur., Munich, DE 0 Last edit 13.11.2008; if you can provide your collection write me 0 Software for managing double entries would be interesting 1001 Acetylen 1002 Atemluft, Luft verdichtet 1072 Sauerstoff 1202 Diesel 1202 Diesel, Dieselkraftstoff 1203 Benzin, Otto-Kraftstoff 1219 Scheibenklar, Isopropanol 1263 Farbe 1268 Petroleum 1950 Farbspray, Druckgaspackung 1965 Propan, Kohlenwasserstoffgas, verflüssigt, n.a.g .tau.-Code TAU: Triangular, Adaptive, Upwind (FVM-Variante) 2B1Q 2 Binary 1 Quaternity 2c4y two crazy for you 2D Two-Dimensional 2DEG Two-Dimensional Electron Gas 2G Second Generation (Telekommunikation) 2nite to night 2R Receive, Reshape (optische Telekommunikation) 2WR Two Way Radio 3D Three-Dimensional 3DCRT 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy 3G Third Generation (Telekommunikation) 3G.IP 3G Mobile Internet (Telekommunikation) 3G3P Third Generation Patents Platform Partnership (Telekommunikation) 3GL Third Generation Language 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project 3GPP Drittes Generation Partnerschafts-Projekt (Telekommunikation) 3R Retime, Reshape and Regenerate (or: Reshaping, Retiming, Reamplification) 3R Reamplification,(optische Datenübertragung) Reshaping, and Retiming 4B5B 4 Bit / 5 Bit (line code) 4G Fourth Generation 4G Fourth Generation Telecommunication System 8B10B 8 Bit / 10 Bit 8PSK 8 Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) A A Atomar A Aerea A Adenin (DNA-Base) A.D. Anno Dominum a.k.a. also known as A/A Air to Air A/C Aircraft A/C Aircraft A/G Air to Ground A/O All Optical (optische Telekommunikation) AA Atomic Absorption AA Automatic (or: Automated) Attendant [Facility] (Telekommunikation) AA Automobile Association (UK) AAA Anti Aircraft Artillery AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (server) AAA Aerospace Auxiliary Equipment AAA Akademisches Auslandsamt AAA Austrian Acoustics Association AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (Telekommunikation) AAAA Alps-Adria Acoustic Association (since Sept. 2002) AAAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting and Auditing (Telekommunikation) AAAF [französische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] AAAI American Association for Artificial Intelligence AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science AAC Advanced Audio Coding AACG American Association for Crystal Growth AAE American Association of Engineers AAES American Association of Engineering Societies AAF Army Air Field AAFS Afrikanisch-Asiatische Studentenförderung e.V. (Göttingen) AAH Advanced Attack Helicopter AAID American Academy of Implant Dentisty AAL ATM Adaptation Layer AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer5 AAM Air to Air Missile AAM Average Annual Aircrew Pay aaO am Angegebenen Ort AAP Air to Air Refueling AAP Associated Access Point AAPA Applicant's Admitted Prior Art AAPM American Association of Physicists in Medicine AAPOS American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmogoly and Strabismus (Medical) AAPPS Association of Asia Pacific Physical Societies AAPT American Association of Physics Teachers AAR Altitude Attitude Retention System AARS Anti-Air Warfare AAS Advanced Automation System AAS American Astronautical Society AAS American Astronomical Society AAS Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Atom-Absorptions-Spektrometrie AATSR Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ENVISAT) AAV adeno-assoziierte Viren AAW Air Base AB Abvanced Blade Concept AB Allowable Bandwidth ABB Asea Brown Boveri AG (Mannheim) ABC ABDR Aircraft Battle Damage Repair ABC Atanasoff-Berry Computer (Iowa State College, 1938-1942) ABC Atomary Biologically Chemically ABDO Allgemeine Bestimmungen für Diplomprüfungsordnungen ABDR Aircraft Based Infrared Detection ABE Amtliche Betriebserlaubnis (Typprüfung Kfz) ABET Accrediting Board of Engineering and Technology (USA) ABIRD Aerodrome Beacon ABM Advanced Buffer Material ABM Anti-Ballistic Missile ABN Air Conditioner ABR Available Bit Rate ABRIXAS A Broad-Band Imaging X-Ray All-Sky Survey (Satellit 1999, gescheitert) ABS Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol ABS Alternate Billing Service ABS Antiblockiersystem; Anti-Lock Braking System (Kfz) ABS Associated Base Station ABT Ausschuss für Begutachtertraining (DAR, Normungsarbeit) ABU Asia(-Pacific) Broadcasting Union AC Alternating Current AC All Composite Aircraft Programme AC Admission Control (Telekommunikation) AC Alternating Current (Wechselstrom) AC Access Controler AC Associated Controller AC Autokorrelation ACA Academic Cooperation Association (europäische Organisation) ACA American Crystallographic Association ACAP Active Cyclic Controller A-CBC Akkreditierungsagentur für die Studiengänge Chemie, Biochemie und ACC AreaChemieingenieurwesen Conrol Center an Universitäten und Fachhochschulen ACC Active Cyclic and Collective Controllers ACCC Allied Command Europe ACCU Advisory Committee of CERN Users ACD Advanced Chemistry Development ACD Automatic Call Distribution ACE Aft Cabin Floor ACE Advanced Computing Environment ACE American Council on Exercise ACE Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ACE Application Creation Environment (Telekommunikation) ACE Atmospheric Compensation Experiment (adaptive Optik) ACE Community Action for Cooperation in the Field of Economics (EU) ACELP Adaptive Code-Excited Linear Prediction ACES Optimal Acoustic Equivalent Source Descriptors for Automotive Noise ACES AtlanticModelling Coral Ecosystem Study ACESA Advanced Composites with Embedded Sensors and Actuators ACF Aircraft Configuration List ACIA Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter ACK Acknowledege(ment) (Datentransfer) ACK Acknowledge ACL Additional Crewmember ACL Access Control List (Telekommunikation) ACL Agent Communication Languages ACL Asynchronous Connectionless Link (Telekommunikation) ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio (Telekommunikation) ACM Adress Complete Message (Telecommunication) ACM Airborne Command Post ACM Association for Computing Machinery ACMP American College of Medical Physics ACP Air Cycle System ACP Advanced Computing Project (Fermilab, etwa 1980) ACP American Center of Physics (College Park, MD) ACPS Advection-Dominated Accretion Flow (Astrophysik) ACRV Assured Crew Return Vehicle (Raumfahrt) ACS Active Control System ACS Active Control Technology ACS American Chemical Society ACSI Atari Computer System Interface ACSR Active Control of Structural Response ACT Air Combat Training ACT Air Cushion Vehicle ACT Active Control Technology (Flugzeug) ACTH Adrenocorticotropes Hormon ACTS Advanced Communication Technologies and Services (EC) ACV Air Data Converter AD Army Digital Avionics System AD Administration Module AD ante dominum ADANO Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Audiologen und Neurootologen ADAS Air Data Computer ADC Air Data Converter ADC Advance Drawing Change Notice ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter ADC Automatic Development Chamber ADC Automotive Distance Control ADCN Advanced Diagnostic Engine Monitoring Systems ADEA Age Discrimination in Employment Act (USA) ADEHS Air Defense Exercise Area ADEXA Automatic Direction Finder ADF Attitude Direction Indicator ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADI Air Defense Identification Zone ADIZ Advanced Development Objective AdL Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften (DDR) ADL All-Digital Loop (Telekommunikation) ADLC Adaptive Liquid-Crystal Lens ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) ADM Area Dimensional Model (Lärmbewertung) ADN Ammoniumdinitramid (Sprengstoff) ADO Advanced Digital Optical Control System ADOCS Automatic Data Processing (Information System) ADOCS Advanced Digital Optical Control System (Flugzeug) ADONIS Acoustic Daylight Ocean Noise Imaging System ADP Adenosindiphosphat ADP Ammoniumdihydrogenphosphat ADP Avalanche Photodiode ADP(IS) Advanced Document Revision Notice ADPA American Defense Preparedness Association ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation ADR Adress ADR Adverse Drug Reaction (Phrama) ADR Accumulated Doppler Range (Satellitenortungsverfahren) ADRC Adaptic Dynamic Range Coding ADRCS Automatic Data Recording and Control System ADRN Air Data System ADS Active Dipping Sonar ADS Air Distribution System ADS Air Defense Suppression ADS Accessory Drive System ADSB Auto Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (Flugverkehr) ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ADSL Asymmetric(al) Digital Subscriber Loop (or: Line) ADSR Attack Decay Sustain Release (stages of Envelope of a sound) ADTM [Fraunhofer-]Arbeitsgruppe für Drahtlose Kommunikations- und ADTV AdvancedMultimediatechnik Definition (Erlangen) Television ADU Air Data Unit ADUC Arbeitsgemeinschaft deutscher Universitätsprofessoren für Chemie AdW Akademie der Wissenschaften (DDR) AE Acoustic Emission AE Astronomische Einheit (Entfernung Erde-Sonne = 1,49 × 10^11 m) AEC Architecture/Engineering/Construction (Industry) AEC Atomic Energy Commission (USA) AECL Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd. AEE Office of Environment and Energy (FAA) AEF Normenausschuss Einheiten und Formelzeichen AEG Aircraft Engine Group AEG Allgemeine Elektrizitätsgesellschaft AEI Automatic Equipment Identification AEL Accessible Emission Limit AEM Area Equivalent Method (Lärmbewertung) AEMT (Fraunhofer-)Arbeitsgruppe für Elektronische Medientechnologie AEO All Engines Operating AEP Akustisch evozierte Potentiale AEPI Atmospheric Emissions Photometric Imaging AES Advanced Encryption Standard AES Application Environment Services AES Associate Executive Secretary AES Audio Engineering Society AES Auger-Elektronen-Spektroskopie / Auger Electron Spectroscopy AESS Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society AEV FhAZ für Entsorgungs- und Verkehrslogistik (Wildau, Brandenburg) AEW Airborne Early Warning AEWA [Afrikanisch-Eurasisches Regionalabkommen zur Erhaltung der Wasservögel] AF Application Function AF Assured Forwarding AF Assured Forwarding (Datentransfer) AF Air Field AF Audio Frequency AFAL Air Force Astronautics Laboratory AFAS Abteilung für Angewandte Systemanalyse (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe) AFB Air Force Base (USA) AFC Aramidfibre composite AFC Alkali Fuel Cell AFC Automatic Frequenz Control AFC(S) Automatic Flight Control (System) AFCC Automatic Flight Control Computer AFCENT Allied Forces Central Europe AFD Anticipatory Failure Determination AFE Analog Front End (Telekommunikation) AFFDL Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, AFFF AqueousUSA Film Forming Foam AFIS Aerodrom Flight Information Service AFLS Approach Flashlighting System AFM Atomic Force Microscope AFNM Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fachdidaktik der Naturwissenschaften und der AFO AuftragsforschungMathematik [und -entwicklung] Ost (BMFT) AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USA) AFOTEC US Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center AFRPL Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory (Edwards Air Force Base, CA, USA) AFS Advanced Freephone Service AFS Aluminum Foam Sandwich AFTE Automated Functinal Test Equipment AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network Ag Argentum (Silver) AG Aktiengesellschaft AG Arbeitsgruppe AG Astronomische Gesellschaft e.V. AGA Aerodrome Ground Aids AGA Automatic Gain Amplifier AGARD Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development AGARD Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development, North Atlantic AGASA AkenoTreaty OrganizationGiant Air Shower Array (Japan, zum Nachweis kosmischer Strahlung) AGASP Arctic Gas and Aerosol Sampling Program AGB Accessory Gear Box AGB Asymptotic Giant Branch (Astronomie) AGB Automatische Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung (Kfz) AG-BL Arbeitsgemeinschaft Forschungseinrichtungen Blaue Liste AGC Automatic Gain Control AGC [Fraunhofer-] Anwendungszentrum für Computergraphik in Chemie und AGC AutomaticPharmazie Gain Controller AGE Aircraft Ground Equipment AGEG Arbeitsgemeinschaft Europäischer Grenzregionen AGF Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Großforschungseinrichtungen AGIC Acitve Gearbox Interface Control AGIL Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internet und Linguistik (Göttingen) AGKr Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kristallographie AGL Above Ground Level AGM Air to Ground Missile AGN Active Galactic Nuclei A-GPS Assisted Global Positioning System AGS Alternating Gradient Synchrotron AGTY Agility AGU American Geophysical Union AGV Automatic Guided Vehicle AGW Access Gateway (Telekommunikation) AH Attack Helicopter AH Artifical Horizon AH Adaptive Hypermedien AHAM Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (USA) AHDI Atari Hard Disk Interface AHG Ad-hoc Group AHG Auro Heli Goldstyne AHIH Higher Authorities In Heaven AHIP Army Helicopter Improvement Programme AHRS Attidude and Heading Reference System AHS American Helicopter Society AHS Alfred Herrhausen Stiftung AHSUM Adaptable High-Speed Undersea Munition AHU Air Handling Unit (HVAC) AI Altitude Indicator AI [IASTED International Conference on] Applied Informatics AI Articulation Index (Psychoakustik) AI Artificial Intelligence AIAA American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics AIAE [Spanische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] AIC Aeronautical Information Circular AICB Association internationale contre le bruit AICD automatische implantierte Cardio-Defibrillatoren AID Aktiver Informationsdienst (EU) AIDAA [Italienische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] AIDC Automotive Industry Developing Center (Südafrika, mit FhG-Unterstützung) AIDS Aircraft Integrated Data System AIDS Accident Investigation Data System AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIE Abbreviation in Engineering AIEE American Institute of Electrical Engineers AIEM Admiral of the IEM AiF Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen ,,Otto von AIF (Dateinamenerweiterung:Guericke'' e.V. (Köln) Video-Datei) AILU Association of Industrial Laser Users (UK) AIM Advanced Informatics in Medicine AIM Advanced Interface Module (Telekommunikation) AIMD Additive Increase, Multiplicative Decrease (Telekommunikation) AIML Astronomical Instrument Markup Language AIMS Aircraft Integrated Monitoring System AIN Advanced Intelligent Network AIP Airman's Information Publication AIP Aeronautical Information Publication AIP The American Institute of Physics AIP Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam AIR Automatic Image Refinement (Canon-Laserdrucker) AIRAC Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control AIRSAR Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar AIRTO Association of Independent Research and Technology Organisations (GB) AIS Aeronautical Information Service AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale AIS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Autonome Intelligente Systeme (St. Augustin, früher GMD) AISG Antenna Interface Standards Group AITRAM Advanced Integrated Training in Aeronautics Maintenance AIV Assembly, Integration and Validation AIZ Ausschuss für internationale Zusammenarbeit (DAR, Normungsarbeit) AK Alaska (US-Staat) AKE Arbeitskreis Energie (DPG) AKF Arbeitskreis Festkörperphysik (DPG) AKO Arbeitskreis ,,Optionen für die Zukunft'' (DPG) AKS Akademische Software Kooperation AKU Auxiliary Keyboard Unit AKW Atomkraftwerk AL Alabama (US-Staat) AL Artificial Life AL Astronautics Laboratory (formerly: AFRPL) ALADIN Algorithm for Learning and Architecture Determination ALC Automatic Level Control ALCM Air-Launched Cruise Missile ALF Antenna Lenght Factor ALF Außerirdische Lebens-Formen ALFA alternative faserfreie Schallabsorber ALFA América-Latina - Formación Académica (EU) ALG Application Level Gateway (Firewall) ALG Application Layer Gateway ALGOL Algorithmic Language ALI ATM Link Interconnect ALI Autofahrer-Leit- und Informationssystem ALICE A Large Ion Collision Experiment (CERN) ALK automatisierte Liegenschaftskarte ALLEA All European Academies ALMA Atacama Large Millimeter Array (Radioteleskop, geplant für 2011) ALMA Atacama Large Millimeter Array ALP Acoustic Localization Plot ALS Approach Light System ALS Advanced Light Source (LBNL) ALT Alternative ALT Altitude ALT Alternator ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit AM Amplitude Modulation AM Acquire Mode AM Amplitudenmodulation, Amplitude Modulation AM Availability Manager A-MAN ATM Metropolitan Area Network (Telekommunikation) AMANDA Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector (or: Detection) Array AMC Aircraft Management Computer AMC Avionics Management Computer AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding AMCD Annular Momentum Control Device AMCM Avionics Management Computer (Master) AMCS Avionics Management Computer (Slave) AMD Advanced Micro Devices (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) AMD Age Related Macula Degeneration (Sehschwäche) AMD Altersbedingte Makula-Degeneration (Medical) AMDB Aircraft Management Date Bus AMEL Active Matrix Electroluminescence (Display) AMG Access Media Gateway AMHS Automated Material Handling System AMI American Megatrends Inc. AMI Alternate Mark Inversion AMLCD Active-Matrix Liquid Crystal Display AMOP Arbeitskreis ,,Atome, Moleküle, Quantenoptik und Plasmen'' (DPG) AMOP Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics AMP Adenosinmonophosphat AMP FhAZ für Metallpulvererzeugung (Clausthal) AMPD Atomic and Molecular Physics Division AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System (Telekommunikation) AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Services AMPTE Artificial Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Experiment AMR Adaptive Multirate (Telekommunikation) AMS Aeronautical Material Specificatio AMS Aircraft Management System AMS Aircraft Management Subsystem AMS Accelerator Mass Spectrometry AMS American Mathematical Society AMS ATM Main Switch AMSCP Aircraft Management System Control Panel AMSE Aircraft Maintenance Support Equipment AMSS Aricraft Management System Software AMST Association for Maximum Service Television, Inc. (USA) AMSU Aircraft Motion Sensor AN Access Node (Rechnernetz) AN/AS Airforce-Navy-Aeronautical-Standards ANBR Acrylo-Nitrile Styrene-Butadiene Rubber ANC Active Noise Control ANC Antenna Networks (Telekommunikation) ANCF Active Noise Control Fan (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH, ANDF Architecture-NeutralUSA) Distribution Format ANFO Ammonium Nitrate plus Fuel Oil (Sprengstoff) ANGIS Australian National Genomic Information Service ANI Automatic Number Identification (Datennetz) ANKA Angströmquelle Karlsruhe ANM Answer Message (Telecommunication) ANN Artificial Neural Network ANORS Anticipated Mot Operationally Ready Supply ANORS Alert Not Operational Ready for Spares ANOVA Analysis of Variance (statistischer Test) α-NPD bis[(N-naphtyl)-N-phenyl]benzidine (hole transport layer) ANRU Antenna Receiver for UMTS (Telekommunikation) ANS Advanced Neutron Source (Oak Ridge) ANS American Nuclear Society ANSI American National Standards Institute ANT ADSL Network Termination (Telekommunikation) ANTS Airborne Night Television System ANU Australian National University (Canberra) ANX American Network Exchange AO Arctic Oscillation (athmosphärische Zirkulation) AOA Angle of Attack AOA Angle of Arrival AOBS Accurate Output Bit Stream AOC Advanced Operational Capability AOCS Altitude and Orbit Control System AOD Aerosol Optical Depth AODI Always On/Dynamic ISDN AOF Authority on the Fly AOG Aircraft on Ground AOI Automatic (or: Automated) Optical Inspection AOL America Online (Internet Provider) AOLS All-Optical Label Swapping (optische Telekommunikation) AON All Optical Network (optische Telekommunikation) AOP Aircraft Operationg Procedures AOV Angle-of-View (liquid crystal displays) AOWC All-Optical Wavelength Converter (optische Telekommunikation) AP Autopilot AP Armor-Piercing AP Alternating Projection (Algorithmus) APA Administrative Procedure Act (Congress, USA) APA American Psychological Association APAC Asia Pacific (Region) APC Adaptive Predictive Coding APC Advanced Process Control APCI Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation APCM Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation APCVD Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition AP-CVD Atmospheric Pressure CVD APD Avalanche Photodiode (or: Photo Detector) APDU Application Protocol Data Units APE Advanced Production Engineering APEC Applied Power Electronics Conference [and Exposition] APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (asiatischer Handelsblock) APF Adaptive Prediction Filter APG Alkylpolyglycosid APHV Allgemeiner Postwertzeichen-Händlerverband (seit 8.3.1949) API Air Position Indicator API Application Program(ming) Interface APIAN Advanced Propulsion Installation Aerodynamics and Noise (EU- APIS ApplicationForschungsprojekt) Interface Programm Server APLD Approach, Landing APM Attached Pressurized Module (Raumfahrt) APN Access Point Name APO Arbeitsplatzorientierte Weiterbildung APO außerparlamentarische Opposition APOLT APON Line Termination APON ATM Passive Optical Network APONT APON Network Termination APP Approach Control Office APP Approach APP A Priori Probability APS Active Pixel Sensors (Bildwandler) APS Advanced Photon Source (Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA) APS Air Traffic Planning System (DLR) APS The American Physical Society APS Automatic Protection Switching APS/PCC Apartment (US Mail) APT Auto-Protection Switching/Protection Control Channel APT Asia Pacific Telecommunity APTP Asia-Pacific Technology Program APU Auxiliary Power Unit APXS Alpha-Proton-Röntgenstrahlenspektrometer AQAP Allied Quality Assurance Publications AQF Adaptive Quantization with Forward estimation AR Autorotation AR Arkansas (US-Staat) AR Augmented Reality AR Autoregressive (Filter) ARA Advanced Rotor Aeroeleasticity ARA Airborne Radar Approach ARA Ausfall-Raten-Analyse ARAC African Aquacultural Center (Port Hartcourt, Nigeria) ARAGO Advanced Robotic Agile Observatory (Astrophysik) ARC Archive, (Dateinamenerweiterung: Archivdatei mit komprimierten Inhalten) ARC Anti Reflective Coating ARD Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Rundfunkanstalten Deutschlands ARDS Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (medicine) ARDU Aircraft Research and Development Unit (Australien) ARES Actively Reacting Flexible Structure (DLR) ARF Autoregressive Filter ARGOS Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite ARGS Anti-Radar Guidance Sensors ARH Aerial Reconnaissance Helicopter ARI Autofahrer-Rundfunk-Informationssystem ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Business (Japan) ARIMA Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (Modelling) ARINC Aeronautical Radio Incorporated ARIS Aggregate Route-Based IP Switching (Telekommunikation) ARIS Augmented Reality Image Synthesis ARL Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung (Hannover) ARL Applied Research Laboratory (Pennstate) ARL Association of Research Libraries (USA) ARLO Acoustic Research Letters Online (JASA) ARM Acess Resource Manager ARM Anti Radar Missile ARM or (RAM) Availability, Reliability, Maintainability ARMA Autoregressive Moving Average (Filter) ARMAX ARMA process with Auxiliary Input ARMD Age-Related Macular Degeneration ARO Army Research Office (USA) ARP Aerodrom Refernce Point ARP Address Resolution Protocol (Telekommunikation) ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) ARPANET ARPA Network (Vorgänger des Internet) ARPES Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy ARPU Average Revenue per User (Telekommunikation) ARQ Automatic Repeat Request (Datenübertragung) ARRS Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Service ARS Advanced Rescue System ART Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission ART Allgemeine Relativitätstheorie ARTEMIS Automatic Retrieval of Text from Europe's Multinational Information Service ARU Aft Remote Unit AS Access Stratum AS Anti Surface AS Alarm Surveillance (Telekommunikation) AS American Samoa (US Mail) AS Application Server (Telekommunikation) AS Autonomous System AS Availability Server AS Application Server ASA The Acoustical Society of America ASA Air Services Australia ASA American Standards Association ASAC Active Structural Acoustic Control ASAM Advanced Services Access Manager (Telekommunikation) ASAM ATM Subscriber Access Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) ASANCA Advanced Study for Active Noise Control in Aircraft (CEC) ASAP As Soon As Possible ASAP Alarm Severity Assignment Profile ASAP as soon as possible ASAR Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar ASC Automatic Stop Distance Available ASC Aeroacoustics Specialists' Committee (in CEAS) ASC American Society for Composites (seit 1985) ASC American Superconductor Corporation ASCA Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (Japan 1993) ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASCI Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (DoE, USA) ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASDEX Axial-Symmetric Divertor Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Garching) ASDL Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line ASDS Air Self Defense System ASE Automatic Stabilization Equipment ASE Aircraft Survivability Equipment ASE Amplified Spontaneous Emission (Röntgenlaser) ASE ATM Switching Element ASE siehe ESA ASEAN (Südostasiatische regionale Zusammenarbeit) ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEE American Society of Enginering Education ASEM (asiatisch-europäisches Gipfeltreffen) ASEPS-O Astronomical Studies of Extrasolar Planetary Systems (Mount Palomar, CA, ASF AdvancedUSA) Systems Format ASHA American Speech-Language-Hearing Association ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers ASI Airspeed Indicator ASI Aircraft-Sensor Interface ASI Agenza Spaziale Italiane ASI Amorph-Silizium-Glasmodule (Photovoltaik) ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface (Telekommunikation) ASIC Anwender-(Anwendungs-)spezifischer IC, Application-Specific Integrated ASIM ArbeitsgemeinschaftCircuit Simulation in der Gesellschaft für Informatik ASJ Acoustical Society of Japan ASK Akademische Software Kooperation (Universität Karlsruhe) ASK Amplitude Shift Keying (Digitales Modulationsverfahren) ASL Above Sea Level ASL American Sign Language (Taubstummen-Gebärdensprache) ASM Anti Ship Missile ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASMW Amt für Standardisierung, Messwesen und Warenprüfung (DDR) ASN Airborne Special Type Navigational Aids ASN ATM Switching Network ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation 1 ASNAP as soon as possible ASNE American Society of Naval Engineers ASOC Air Support Operations Center ASP Adaptive Signal Processing ASP Application Service Provider (Telekommunikation) ASP application server processes ASPEC Audio Spectral Perceptual Entropic Coding ASQC American Society for Quality Control ASR Air Staff Requirement ASR Airport Suveillance Radar ASR Antischlupfregelung (Kfz) ASR Automatic (or: Advanced) Speech Recognition ASRAAM Advanced Short Range Air to Air Missile ASROC Anti-Submarine Rocket ASS Acetylsalicylsäure ASSI Akkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften und ASSP Acoustics,der Informatik Speech, and Signal Processing (IEEE) ASSP Application Specific Standard Products ASST Anti-Ship Surveillance and Targeting ASSW Anti-Surface Ship Warfare AST Air Staff Target AST FhAZ für Systemtechnik (Illmenau, Thüringen) AStA Allgemeiner Studentenausschuss ASTAR Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (Erd- ASTIA ArmedFernerkundung) Services Technical Informations Agency (USA) ASTM American Society for Testing Materials ASTM American Society of Testing Materials ASTRID Aarhus Storage Ring, Denmark ASTV Aeroassisted Space Transfer Vehicle (Raumfahrt) ASU Abgas-Sonder-Untersuchung ASU ATM Service Unit ASURA Advanced Speech Understanding and Rendering System of ATR (Japan) ASUW Anti-Surface Unit Warfare ASVP Application Specific Standard Products ASW Anti-Submarine Warfare AT Austria (im Internet und Patentwesen) AT Accelerated Time AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph Company ATA Actual Time of Arrival ATA Air Transport Association ATA Allen Telescope Array ATAP Authorized to Transport Additional Passengers ATAS Air to Air Self Defense Armament System ATB Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim (Potsdam-Bornim) ATC Air Traffic Control ATC Advanced Technology Component ATC Abstract Test Case (Telekommunikation) ATC Adiabatic Toroidal Compressor (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) ATC Air Traffic Control (Luftverkehrssteuerung) ATC American Television and Communications Corporation ATC ATM Transfer Capabilities (Telekommunikation) ATD Actual Time of Departure ATDMA Advanced TDMA ATE Automatic Test Equipment ATF Accelerator Test Facility ATF Advanced Tactical Fighter (USA, Flugzeug) ATI Above-Threshold Ionization ATI Automatic Telephony Interpretation (CAIR, Korea) ATIP Asian Technology Information Program (US organization) ATKIS Amtliches Topographisch-Kartographisches Informations-System ATLAS A Toroidal LHC Apparatus (CERN) ATLAS Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science ATM Anti-Tank Missile ATM Air Traffic Management ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode (Datennetz) ATM Attached Pressurized Module (Raumfahrt) ATM Automated Teller Machine (Bankwesen) ATMF ATM Forum ATMF ATM user connected via optical Fiber ATMOS Air Traffic Management and Operations Simulator (DLR) ATMT [Fraunhofer-] Arbeitsgruppe für Telekommunikation und Multimediatechik ATOC Allied Tactical Operation Center ATP Allied Tactical Publication ATP Adenosintriphosphat ATP Advanced Technology Program (USA, Department of Commerce) ATP Advanced Turbo-Prop (Flugzeug) ATR Attenuated Total Reflection (chem. Analyse-Verfahren) ATS Air Traffic Services ATS Abstract Test Suite (Telekommunikation) ATS Automated Tuner System ATSC Advanced Television Systems Committee ATSE Antenna Technology Shuttle Experiment (NASA) ATST Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (geplant) ATT Advanced Transport Telematics ATTA Atom Trap Trace Analysis ATTAS Advanced Technology Testing Aircraft System (DLR) ATTC Advanced Television Test Center, Inc. (USA) ATTHeS Advanced Technology Testing Helicopter System (DLR) ATU Access Termination Unit (Telekommunikation) ATU ADSL Terminal Unit ATV Automatisches Transfervehikel (Raumfahrt) ATVEF Advanced Television Enhancement Forum Au Aurum AU Australia (im Internet) AUG Augmentation AURA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (USA) AUT Association of University Teachers (GB) AUW All Up Weight AV Air Vehicle AV Audio- und Video-(Anschluss) AVA Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (Göttingen, 1907) AVE Avenue (US Mail) AvH Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (Fernerkundung) AVI Akkreditierungsverbund für Ingenieurstudiengänge e.V. AVI Automatic Vehicle Identification AVI (Dateinamenerweiterung: Videodatei) AVIM Aviation Intermidiate Maintenance AVK FhAZ für Verkehrslogistik und Kommunikationstechnik (Nürnberg) A-VLAN Authenticated VLAN (Telekommunikation) AVO Astronomical Virtual Observatory (Europe) AVRADA Avionics Research and Development Activity AVRODCON Army Aviation Research and Development Command AVS Audio Video System AVS Advanced Visual Systems AVS American Vacuum Society AVS Anti-Viren-Software AVSAR(II) Avionic System Architecture (Investigation) AVV FhAZ für Verarbeitungsmaschinen und Verpackungstechnik (Dresden) AW/FC Air Worthiness and Flight Characteristics AWACS Airborne Warning and Control System AW-CDM Adaptive Weighted CDM AWE Arbeitsplatz-Wiedergabe-Einheit (digitales Sprachübertragungssystem) AWG American Wire Gauge AWG Arrayed Waveguide Grating (Filter, Photonik) AWI Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung (Bremerhaven) AWO Arbeiterwohlfahrt AWO Auftragsforschung-West-Ost (BMFT) AXAF Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (Satellit, USA) AZ Arizona (US-Staat) Azipod Azimuthing Electric Podded Propulsion (Schiffsantrieb) B B Bacteriological B Blue = 4,4'-bis(2,2'-diphenyl vinyl)biphenyl (blue color) B. IEM Bachelor of IEM B.A.U.M. Bundesdeutscher Arbeitskreis für umweltbewusstes Management e.V. B.Sc. Bachelor of Science b.w. bitte wenden (engl.: p.t.o.) B/C Biological/Chemical B/U Back Up B2B Business-to-Business B2C Business-to-Consumer B3G beyond third generation mobile network B6ZS Bipolar with 6 Zero Substitution B8ZS Bipolar with 8 Zero Substitution BA Bleed Air BACODINE Batse Coordinates Distribution Network (Astrophysik) BACS Bleed Air Cycle System BAe British Aerospace BAföG Bundesausbildungsförderungsgesetz BAGMO Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft Motorrad BAH Bundesverband der Arzeimittelhersteller (Pharma) BAI Beratender Ausschuss der Industriephysiker (in der DPG) BAK Backup, (Dateinamenerweiterung: Sicherungskopie) BAL Balance, Balanced, Symmetrical BALK Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft leitender Krankenpflegepersonen e.V. BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (Berlin) BAME Bayerische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mikroelektronik BAMI Bipolar-Alternate Mark Inversion BAN Body Area Network BAPT Bundesamt für Post und Telekommunikation BARC Bottom Anti-reflective Coating (semiconductor) BARC Bay Area Research Center (Microsoft-Forschungszentrum) BARN Bayer-Alzheimer Research Network BAS Broadband Access Server BAS Broadband Access Server (Telekommunikation) BASF Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik BASIC Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BASYS Baltic Sea System Study BAT Battery BAT Bandwidth Allocation Threshold (Datennetz) BAT Biologische Arbeitsstofftoleranz(werte) BAT Bonquet Association Table BAT British Antarctic Territory BAT Bundesangestelltentarif BAT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Batchdatei) BATSE Burst and Transient Source Experiment (GRO) BB Bandwidth Broker BB Baseband (Telekommunikation) BB Broadband BBAW Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften BBC Brritih Broadcasting Company BBC Broadband Coupler (Datennetz) BBE Broadband Entertainment BBGW Broadband Gateway BBiG Berufsbildungsgesetz BBM Back Beam Mode BBN Bolt, Beranek & Newman (USA) BBP Base Band Part BBRAN Broadband Remote Access Network (or: Node) BBRAS Broadband Remote Access Server BBS Behavioral and Brain Science (Zeitschrift) BBS Bulletin Board System (Internet) BBS Base Band Stage BBS Base Band Signal BBS Bulletin Board Service (Internet) BBS Base Band Signals BBSO Big Bear Solar Observatory (Big Bear Lake, CA, USA) BBW Bundesverband der Brand- und Wasserschadenbeseitiger e.V. BC Bus Controller BC Before Christ BC Balanced Coding ("1" and "0" are equally present) BCAR British Civiel Airworthines Regulations bcc blind carbon copy (Durchschlag, ohne Nachricht an andere Adressaten) BCC Buffer Congestion Control (Telekommunikation) BCD Binary Coded Decimal BCE Beacon BCGF Breakout Gateway Control Function BCIS Biodiversity Conservation Information System BC-MS Broadcast/Multicast Service Center BCP Burst Control Packet BCP Bidirectional Communication Protocol (see UCP) BCR Bureau Communautaire de Référence BCRU British Committee on Radiation Units and Measurement BCS Back up Control System BCS Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (Supraleitungstheorie) BCSD Business Council for Sustainable Development BD Binary Decimal BD Business Division BD Blue Ray Disk BD Binary data BD Block Diagram BDA Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände BDC Binary Decimal Code BDI Belief, Desire, Intent BDI Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie e.V. (Köln) BDNF Brain-Derived Nerve Growth Factor BDRM/P Battle Damage Repair Manual/Plan BDSL Boundary-Scan-Description Language BDVD Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus BEC Backward Error Correction (Datenübertragung) BEC Bose-Einstein Condensation BED Basic Engineering Development BED Back End Decoder BEEM Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy BEF Best Effort Forwarding (Telekommunikation) BEHD Best Estimate Hard Decision BEIR Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation Bellcore Bell Communications Research BEM Big Emerging Market (Welthandel) BEM Boundary element method BEO Biologie, Energie, Ökologie (KfK Jülich, Projektträger) BEPC Beijing Electron Positron Collider BER Bit Error Rate BER Binary Encoding Rule (ASN.1) BER Bit Error Ratio BERP British Experimental Rotor (System) Programme BES Beijing Spectrometer BESSY Berliner Elektronen-Speicherring für Synchrotronstrahlung BEW Basic Empty Weight BfA Bundesanstalt für Arbeit BfArM Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (Bonn) bFGF Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (basischer Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor) BFH Bundesfinanzhof BFIO Büro für Führungskräfte zu internationalen Organisationen (Frankfurt/M) BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator BFP Blue Fluorescent Protein BG Border Gateway (Telekommunikation) BG Berry Goon BGA Ball Grid Array, Kugelgitteranordnung (Chipgehäuse) BGA Ball Grid Array BGB Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch BGO Bismuth Germinate (Gammastrahlen-Detektor) BGP Border Gateway Protocol (Telekommunikation) BGVV Bundesanstalt für gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin BH Buried Heterostructure (Laser) BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt (Telekommunikation) BHI Bearing and Heading Indicator BHKW Blockheizkraftwerk BHKW Blockkraftwerk BIAS Bremer Institut für Angewandte Strahltechnik BIBB Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (Bonn) BICC Bearer Independent Call Control (Telekommunikation) BICI Broadband Inter-Carrier Interface (Datennetz) BiCMOS bipolar CMOS BIDS Biological Integrated Detection System BIE Boundary Integral Equation BIE Boundary integral equation BIEM Brotherhood of the IEM BIFS Binary Format for Scenes (Digitals Fernsehen) BIM Blade Indicator Method BImschG Bundes-Immissions-Schutzgesetz BIOS Basic Input/Output System BIP Bruttoinlandsprodukt BIPM Bureau International des Poids et Mésures (Sèvres, Paris) Bi-SAR Bistatic SAR B-ISDN Broadband ISDN BIST Built In Test (Equipment) BIT Binary Digit BIT(E) Build-in Self Test BITNET Because It's Time Network Bixel two dimensional bit Pixel (= Bi-xel) BJU Bus Junction Unit BKA Bundeskriminalamt BKS Bohr-Kramers-Slater (-Theorie) (1924) BL Butt Line BL Blaue Liste (Deutsche Forschungsinstitute) BLC Back Light Compensation (Video-Kamera: Gegenlicht-Blendenvergrößerung) BLDC Brushless d.c. (Elektromotor) BLER Block Error Rate (Telekommunikation) BLER Block Error Rate BLK Bund-Länder-Kommission für Bildungsplanung und Forschungsförderung BLOS Beyond Line of Sight BLOS Below Line of Sight BLS Bucerius Law School (Hamburg) BLSR Bidirectional Line Switching Ring BLTP Bogoljubow Laboratory of Theoretical Physics (VIK, Dubna, Russland) BLVD Boulevard (US Mail) BM Broadband Manager BM Bilderberger Meeting BM Bit Mapping BMB Baltic Marine Biologists BMBF Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie BMBW Bundesministerium für Bildung und Wissenschaft BMBWFT Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie BMC Benchmarking Center (am IIS, Außenstelle Nürnberg) BMC Broadcast/Multicast Control (Telekommunikation) BMC Burst Mode Controller (Datennetz) BME Basic Mass Empty BMFT Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie BMG Bundesministerium für Gesundheit BMGS Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und Soziale Sicherung BMI Body Mass Index (siehe KMI) BMLG Binaural Masking Level Difference BMP Bone Morphogenetic Protein BMP Bitmap (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) BMR Ballistic Magnetoresistance BMS Business Management System BM-SC Broadcast Multicast Service Center BM-SC Broadcast/Multicast Service Center (Telekommunikation) BMU Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit BMV Bundesministerium für Verkehr BmVg Bundesministerium der Verteidigung BMW Bavarian Motor Works (automotive manufacturer) BMWi Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft BMZ Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung BNC Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation BNI Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin (Hamburg) BNL Brookhaven National Laboratory BNP Brain Natriuretic Peptide BNSC British National Space Centre BNV Belgische Natuurkundige Vereniging BoD Bandwidth on Demand (Telekommunikation) BODS Binary Output Data Stream BOM Bill of Material BOM Bill of Materials BONT Broadband Optical Network Termination BOOMERANG Balloon Observations of Millimetric Extragalactic Radiation and Geomagnetics BOOTP Boot Program BOS Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben BOST Basic Open Sea Training BOT Bottle BOT Build, Operate and Transfer (Telekommunikation) BPF Blade Pass Frequency (Propeller) BPM Beats per Minutes BPM Beam propagation Method BPON Broadband Passive Optical Network (optische Telekommunikation) BPR Bypass Rotation BPR Business Process Reengineering BPS The Bulgarian Physical Society BPSG Boron Phosphat Silicate Glass BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying (Modulation, Binäre Phasenumtastung) BPSR Bidirectional Path Switched Ring (Telekommunikation) BPTI Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor BPX Burning Plasma Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) BQB Bluetooth Qualification Body (Telekommunikation) BQTF Bluetooth Qualification Test Facility bR Bacteriorhodopsin BR Basic Research (ESPRIT) BR Biosphärenreservat (Naturschutz) BR Border Router BR Bayrischer Rundfunk Br. Brother BRA Basic Rate Access (ISDN) BRAHMS Broad Range Hadron Spectrometer (RHIC) BRAN Broadband Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server (Telekommunikation) BRE Bistatic Radar Equation BRG Bearing Between Waypoint Pair BRH Bearingless Rotor Hub BRIM Broadband Resource Interface Management (System) BRITE Basic Research in Industrial Technologies for Europe BRK Breaker BRS Buried Ridge Stripe (Telekommunikation) BRSL Bomb Release Safety Lock BRT Bruttoregistertonne BS Billing System BS Base Station (Telekommunikation) BS British Standard BS Broadcast Satellite (Digital broadcast) BSB 2,5-bis[4-[N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-phenylamino]]styrylbenzene-1,4- BSC Basedicarbonitrile Station Controller(red color) (Telekommunikation) BSCCO Barium-Strontium-Calcium-Copper Oxide, Barium-Strontium-Calcium-Kupfer- Oxid (HTSL) BSDL Boundary-Scan Description Language BSE Bonn European School of Economics e.V. BSE Best Symbol Estimate BSE Bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSF Bootstraping(Rinderwahnsinn) Server Function BSF Back Surface Field (Solarzellen) BSG Bundessozialgericht BSH (Medikament zur Tumorbehandlung mit Neutroneneinfangtherapie) BSI British Standard Institute BSI British Standards Institute BSML Biosequence Markup Language BSNR Blurred Signal-to-Noise Ratio (Bildunschärfe) BSP Bruttosozialprodukt BSR Board of Standards Review (USA) BSR Bottom Simulating Reflector (Ozeanologie) BSR Baseline Surface Radiation Network BSRN bootstrap routine, Startroutine, (to bootstrap, aus dem Sumpf ziehen) BSS Base Station Subsystem (Telekommunikation) BSS Broadcasting Satellite Service BST Band Segmented Transmission (Digital broadcast) BT Business Telecommunications (TC im ETSI) BT Bluetooth BTA Broadcasting Technical Association (Japan) BTag Bundestag BTC Block Truncation Coding B-TID Bootstraping Transaction Identifier BTPG Boundary-Scan-Test-Program Generation BTS Base Transceiver Station BTS (Base Transceiver Station) BTS Base Transceiver Station (Telekommunikation) BTS Broadcast Television Systems GmbH (Darmstadt) BTSV Best Transmit Symbol Vector BTV Broadcast Television BTW by the way Btx Bildschirmtext BU Branching (or: Business) Unit (Rechnernetze) (Telekommunikation) BUCS Backup-Instruments BUF Band Utilization Factor BUI Buffer zone Bull. P&I T.I.T. Bulletin of Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of BUND BundTechnology für Umwelt (Yokohama, und Naturschutz Japan) Deutschland e.V. BuxWV Buxdehude Werkeverzeichnis BVP Boundary Value Problem BVPN Broadband Virtual Private Network BVW Betriebliches Vorschlagswesen BWA Broadband Wireless Access B-WiN Breitband-Wissenschaftsnetz (Datennetz, bis 155 Mbit/s) BWL Beriebswirtschaftslehre BWV Bach Werke Verzeichnis BZ Baro Altimeter BZ Brennstoffzelle (= FC) C C Chemical C Cytosin (DNA-Base) C&D Control and Display System C&F Cost and Freight (Handelsverkehr) C.B.R. Chemical/Biological/Radiological C.I.F. Cost, Insurance, Freight (Handelsverkehr) C.L.E. Club zur ländlichen Elektrifizierung C/L Center Line C/N Carrier-to-Noise [Ratio] C/O(G) Certification/Qualification (Group) C3 Command, Control and Communication (System) C3 Cleaved-Coupled Cavity (Laser) C3I Command, Control, Communications, Intelligence (Militärisch) C6 Alq3 mixed with 1 vol% of Coumarin6 (green color) CA Conditional Access CA Call Agent CA Calling Agent CA Calibrated Airspeed CA California (US-Staat) CA Call Agent (Telekommunikation) CA Canada (im Internet) CA Cancer (Krebs) CA Cellular Automata CA Code Acquisition CA Computer Algebra CA Computer-Animation CA Conditional Access (Telekommunikation) CA Cryptographic Algorithm CAA Civil Aviation Authority CAA Civil Aviation Authority (UK) CAAT Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (Johns Hopkins University, CABS CarrierBaltimore, Access MD, BillingUSA) System CAC Call Admision Control CAC Chanel Access Client CAC Call Acceptance (or: Admission) Control (Telekommunikation) CACSD Computer Aided Control System Design CAD Computer Aided Design CAD (AM) Computer Aided Design (and Manufacturing) CADE Computer Algebra and Differential Equations (Programm bei der GMD) CAE Computer Aided Engineering CAESAR Center for Advanced European Studies and Research (Bonn) CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (or: Economy) CAG Computer Aided Gage (or: Gaging) (computerunterstützte Kfz-Schaltung) CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CAI Computer-Aided (or: Assisted) Instruction CAIB Columbia Accident Investigation Board CAIR Center for Artificial Intelligence Research (Korea) CAL Calibration CAL Computer-Aided (or: Assisted) Learning CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing CAM Career Asset Manager (IEEE) CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing CAM Crew Assistand System for Military Aircraft CAMA Code Adjustification Mechanism CAMEL Customized Application for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic CAMEL Cellular Automata Environment for Systems Modelling CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic CAMEO Computer(Telekommunikation) Aided Mechanistic Evaluation of Organic Reactions CAMP Channel Amplifier cAMP cyclisches Adenosintriphosphat CAN Control Area Network CAN Customer Access Network Cand. Dr.-Ing. Candidatus Doctorem ingenium CANIF Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Forest Soils CAO Computer Aided Optimization CAP CAMEL Application Part CAP Combat Air Parol CAP Camel Applications Part (Telekommunikation) CAP Canadian Association of Physics CAP Carrierless Amplitude Phase (Modulation) CAP Committee on Applied Physics (APS) CAP Computer Aided Painting (Lackier-Roboter) CAP Council of the American Physical Society CAPE Computer Assisted Process Engineering CAPEX Captial Expenditure CAPEX Capital Expenditure CAPRA Concept to Amplify Plutonium Reduction in Advanced Fast Reactors (CEA) CAPS Call Attempts per Second (Telekommunikation) CARAT Computer Aided Radio and Television CARE Comprehensive Approach for Recycling of Electronics CARIS Combat Active Passive Radar CARL Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries CARMA Combined Array for Research in Millimeter Astronomy (Kalifornien, USA) CARPET Cellular Programming Environment CARROUSO Creating, Assessing and Rendering in Real Time of High Quality Audio-Visual CARS CoherentEnvironments Anti-Stokes (3D-Klangverfahren) Raman Spectroscopy (or: Scattering) CAS Condition Access System CAS Chiefs of Air Staffs CAS Close Air Support CAS Control Augmentation System CAS Collision Avoidance System CAS Commandable Active Sonobuoys CAS Calibrated Air Speed CAS Calorimetric Absorption Spectroscopy CAS Channel Associated Signaling CAS Chemical Abstracts Service (Datenbank) CAS Committee on Assurance of Supply CAS Complex Adaptive Systems CAS Conditional Access System (Digital broadcast) CAS Controlled Access Service CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering CASI Canadian Aeronautic and Space Institute CASIPS Close to Application Study in Polymer Science (IAP-Förderprogramm) CASP Competitive Access Service Provider (Telekommunikation) CAST Cardiac Arrythmia Suppression Trial CAST [Competence] Center for Applied Security Technology CAT Collaborative Access Team (beim APS, Argonne) CAT Computer-Aided Teaching CAT Computerized Axial Tomography CAT Conditional Access Table (Telekommunikation) CATI Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing CATV Cable Television CATV Coaxial Television CATV Community (or: Common) Antenna Television CAVE Cave Automatic Virtual Environment CAVOK Clouds and Visibility O.K. CAVU Ceiling and Visibility Unlimited CB Code Breaking CB Cellular Broadcast CB Control Burst (Telekommunikation) CBC Cell Broadcast Center CBC Crow Bar Circuit CBDS Connectionless Broadband Data Service CBE Cell Broadcast Entitiers CBI Cosmic Background Imager (Radioteleskop-Array in Chile) CBIT Continuous BIT CBLS Carrier Bomb Light Stores CBN Crystal Boron Nitride CBO Congressional Budget Office (USA) CBQ Class Based Queuing (Telekommunikation) CBR Chemical, Biological & Radiological CBR Constant Bit Rate (Datentransfer) CBS Cell Broadcast Service CBS Costs Break Down Structure CBSDM Component-Based Scene Description Model CBT Computer Based Training CC Configuration Control CC Center Cabin CC Call Control (Layer 3) CC Capital Cost cc Carbon Copy (Durchschlag) CC Competence Center (Rechnernetze) CC Connection Coordinator CC Connection Close CC Control Character CC Control Change CC Communication Connection CC Computational Complexity CC/M Channel Coder/Modulator CCA Continuum Computer Architecture CCB Customer Care and Billing (Telekommunikation) CCBS Customer Care and Billing System CCBS Customer Care and Billing System (or: Service) (Telekommunikation) CCD Cursor Control Device CCD Cursor Control Display CCD Cockpit Control Display CCD Charge Coupled Device - Ladungsspeicherelementanordnung CCD Charge-Coupled Device CCDL Computer Computer Data Link CCDM Consultive Committee for the Definition of the Metre CCDS Comité Consultatif pour la Definition de la Seconde CCE Comité Consultatif d'Electricité CCF Credit Control Function, Charging Collection Function CCF Center Cabin Floor CCF Call Control Function (Telekommunikation) CCF Charging information Collecting Function CCFL Cold-Cathode Fluorescent Lamp CCG Carl Cranz Gesellschaft (DLR Standort OP) CCIP Continous Computed Impact Point CCIR Comité Consultatif International des Radiocommunications CCIR/ITU-R Consultative Committee for International Radiocommunication CCITT Comité Consultatif International pour la Télégraphie et le Téléphone CCITT Consultative Committee for International Telephones & Telegraph CCLD Constant Current Line Drive (Konstantstromversorgung) CCLRC Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils (UK) CCM Cross Channel Monitor CCM Comité Consultatif pour la Masse et les Grandeurs Apparantées CCM CORBA Component Model (Telekommunikation) CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel (Telekommunikation) CCPR Comité Consultatif de Photométrie et Radiométrie CCRF Configuration Control Rcord File CCRP Continous Computed Release Point CCRT Colour Cathode Ray Tube CCS Communications Control System CCS Common Channel Signaling CCT Cyclic Corrosion Test, zyklischer Korrosionstest CCTV Closed Circuit Television CCU Central Control Unit CCV Candidate Constellation Value CCV Control Configured Vehicles CCV Control-Configured Vehicle (Flugzeug) CCVC Capacitively Coupled Voltage Contrast CCW Counter-clockwise CCW counterclockwise CCXML Call Control Extensible Markup Language (Telekommunikation) CD Chromatic Dispersion (Glasfaser) CD Compact Disc CD Channel Decoder CD/P Engineering Development & Production CDA (Dateinamenerweiterung: CD-Titel auf Musik-CD) CDC Cell Division Cycle CDC Center for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA, USA) CDC China Development Corporation (Taiwan) CDC Control Data Corporation CDD Control and Data Display CDDI Copper Distributed Data Interface CDE Control Display Electronic CDE Common Desktop Environment CDE Component Development Environment (Telekommunikation) CDF Channel Definition Format CDF Collider Detector at Fermilab CDF Cumulative Density Function CDG Carl-Duisberg-Gesellschaft CDG Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation CDH Completely Detached H-Regime (Fusionsreaktortechnik) CDI Course Deviation Indicator CD-I Compact Disc-Interactive CDK Cyclin Dependent Kinase (Medizin) CDM Clean Development Mechanism (Umweltschutz) CDM Code Division Multiplex(ing) CDM Cold Dark Matter (Kosmologie) CDMA Code Division Multiple Access CDMA collision detect multiple access CDMA Code Division Multiple Access (Mobilfunk) CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access 2000 CDMS Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (Astrophysik, USA) CDN Content Delivery (or: Distribution) Network (Telekommunikation) cDNA Complementary DNA CDP Critical Degign Point CDP Critical Decision Point CDP Code Domain Power (Telekommunikation) CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data CdPNo Called Party Number CDR Critical Design Review CDR Call Detail Record (Telekommunikation), Verbindungsdetail-Datensatz CDR Call Data Record (Telekommunikation), Verbindungsdaten-Datensatz CDR Clock Division Recovery (Telekommunikation) CDR (Dateinamenerweiterung: Corel Draw-Graphikdatei) CDRL Contract Data Requirement List CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory CDS Control and Display Electronic CDS Control and Display Subsystem CDS Chromatography Data System CDS Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (an Bord von SOHO) CDS Crosspoint Development System CDT Conformal Deposition Technique CDU Cockpit Display Unit CDU Central Display Unit CDV Cell Delay Variation CDV Cardiovascular disease (Medical) CDVT Cell Delay Variation Tolerance CE Channel Estimator CE Communication Equipment CE Customer Edge Router CE Casualty Evacuation CE Circuit Emulation (Telekommunikation) CE Communauté (or: Conformité) Européenne CE Customer Edge (Telekommunikation) CE Kapillarelektrophorese CE conducted emissions CE Collection Entity (Telecom) CE Compromising Emanations CEA Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Astrophysics (Berkeley, CA, USA) CEA Commisariat à l'Energie Atomique (Fontenay aux roses, Frankreich) CEAS Confederation of European Aerospace Societies CEBAF Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, USA) CeBIT Centrum für Büro- und Informationstechnik (Messe, Hannover) CEC Commission of the European Communities CEC Countries of Central Europe (ehem. Ostblockländer) CECS Center for Energy and Climate Solutions (Annadale, VA, USA) CEEES Committee of European Environmental Engineering Societies (am ICT, CEET CleanPfinztal) and Efficient Energy Technologies CEI Central European Initiative CEIC Committee on Electronic Information and Communication CELIAS Charge, Element and Isotope Analyses System (an Bord von SOHO) CELP Code-Excited Linear Prediction CEM Channel Electron Multiplier CEM computational electromagnetics CEMA Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association CEN Centre d'études nucléaires (Bordeuax-Gradignan, Frankreich) CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation [European Committee for Standardization, CEN EuropeanEuropäisches Committee Komitee of for Standardization Normung] CENELEC Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique CENELEC European Committee of Electrotechnical Standardization CeNS Center for NanoScience (LMU, München) Centrex Central Office Exchange Services Centrex Central Office Exchange Services CEO Chief Executive Officer CEOCT Confocal Enhanced Optical Coherence Tomography CEOS Committee on Earth Observing Systems CEP Circular Error Probability CEPI Confocal Fabry-Perot Interferometer CEPSTRUM the fourier transform of the log of the fourier transform of a signal CEPT Conference of European Posts and Telegraphs CEPT Conférence Européenne des Postes et (des) Télécommunications CEPT European Conference for Posts and Telecommunications CERC Customer Edge Route Community CEREQ Centre d'Etude de Recherche sur les Qualifications CERES Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (Satelliten-Erd- CERN ConseilFernerkundung) Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire (jetzt: Organisation CERRO CentralEuropéenne European ...) Regional Research Organization CERT Computer Emergency Response Team CES Cambridge Engineering Selector [Database] (UK) CES Circuit Emulation Services CESI China Electronics Standardization Institute CESRA Community of European Solar Astronomers CEST C Expert System Tools CETA Center of Excellence for Advanced Technology CETHEDEC Centre d'études théoriques de la détection et des communications (France) CETIM Centre technique des industries mécaniques (France) CEV Channel Estimation Value CF Centrifugal Force CF Crossfade (Kreuzüberblenden) CF Cystische Fibrose (Mukoviszidose) CF Cholesky´s Factorization CFC Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon CFC Carbonfibre Composite CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics, scherzhaft auch: Colorful Fluid Dynamics CFFL Columbus Free Flying Laboratory (Raumfahrt) CFG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Konfigurationsdatei) CFHT Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (Mauna Kea) CFI Canada Foundation for Innovation (Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) CFL CAD Framework Laboratory CFM Confirm CFO Chief Financial Officer CFP Contention Free Period (Telekommunikation) CFR Cell Framing Procedure CFR Code of Federal Regulations CFRP Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Plastic CFV Call for Votes (Rechnernetz) CG Centre of Gravity CG Charging Gateway CG Charging Gateway CG Congrats CGA Color Graphics Adapter CGD Coplaner Grid Detector CGE Compagnie Générale d'Electricité CGF Charging Gateway Function CGF Charging Gateway Functionality CGI Common Gateway Interface CGI Common Gateway Interface CGI Common Gateway Interface (Telekommunikation) CGI Cruise Guide Indicator CGIAR Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research CGM Computer Graphics Metafile (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) CGMS Copy Generation Management System CGPM Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures CGRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory cgs Centimeter - Gramm - Sekunde (Maßsystem) CGS Continuous Grain Silicon (Halbleitertechnologie) CGS Corporate GSM Server (Telekommunikation) CGW Charging Gateway CH Compass Heading CH Confederatio Helveticae, Switzerland (im Internet) CHAP Challenge Access Control CHARM CERN, Hamburg, Amsterdam, Rom, Moskau (Kernphysik-Kollaboration) CHARM Comprehensive Human Animation Resource Model CHC Chlorinated Hydrocarbon CHDM Cold + Hot Dark Matter (Kosmologie) CHE Centrum für Hochschulentwicklung (Gütersloh) CHELS Cargo Helicopter External Load System CHEMFET [FET mit chemischem Sensor als Gate-Elektrode] CHEOPS Chemistry of Ozone in the Polar Stratosphere CHF Congestive Heart Failure (Herzinsuffizienz) CHILIAS Children's Library - Information - Animation - Skills CHMM Call Handling MultiMedia (Telekommunikation) CHORUS CERN Hybrid Oscillation Research Apparatus CI Chemical Ionisation (Massenspektrometer) CI Configuration Item CIA Central Intelligence Agency (oberste US-Geheimdienstbehörde) CIC Center for International Cooperation (Bonn) CIC Command Information Centre CIC Conseil Internationale de la Chasse et de la Conservation du Gibier CICQ Combined Input and Central Queuing (Telekommunikation) CICS Customer Information Control System (Telekommunikation) CID Carrier Internetworking Division (Telekommunikation) CID Charge-Injection Device CID Collision-Induced Dissociation C-ID Charging Identification CIDL Configuration Item Data List CIDL Configuration Item Data List (Telekommunikation) CIDR Classless Interdomain Routing (Internet) CIE Commission Internationale d'Eclairage CIEM Copyright of the IEM CIESIN Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network CIF Common Intermediate Format (Datennetz) CIG Cell Interconnection Gateway (Datennetz) CIG Computer Image Generation CIGS Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide CIL Configuration Identification Index CILSMO Central Integrated Logistic Support Management Organisation CIM Computer-integrated manufacturing CIM Corporate Information Management (USA) CIM Channel Inverse Matrix CIMD Computer Interface Message Delivery CIME Computer Integrated Manufacturing and Engineering CIMS Computer Integrated Manufacturing System CIMSS Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (VPI & SU, Blacksburg, CIOQ CombinedVA, USA) Input- and Output-Queued (Telekommunikation) CIP3 International Cooperation for Integration of Prepress, Press and Postpress CIPAP Change(Druckindustrie) Itinerary Proceed to Additional Places CIPM Comité International des Poids et Mésures CIPT Computer Integrated Public Transportation CIR Carrier to Interference Ratio (Telekommunikation) CIR Channel Impulse Response CIR Circle (US Mail) CIR Committed Information Rate (Datennetz) CIR Computer Integrated Railroading CIR Cylindrical Internal Reflection (ATR-Technik) CIS Card Information Structure CIS Commonwealth (or: Confederation) of Independent States (= GUS) CIS Compensated Image System (adaptive Optik) CIS Kupferindiumdiselenid, Copper Indium Selenide CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer CISL Contractual Index and Status List (Telekommunikation) CISM [International Centre for Mechanical Sciences], Udine, Italien CISPR (International Special Committee on Radio Interference) CISPR International Special Committee on Radio Interference CIST [Moskau-Fraunhofer] Institut für Chemische Technologie Pfinztal CITEL InterAmerican Telecom Commission (Telekommunikation) CITES Convention of the International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and CIVA Charge-InducedFlora (Internationale Voltage Übereinkunft Alteration zum Handel mit bedrohten Arten) CJD Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease CJK Creutzfeld-Jakob-Krankheit CK Ciphering Key CK Clock (Telekommunikation) CKL Check-List CKW chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe CL Carrier Load CL Center Line CL Connectionless (Internet) CL Controlled Load Cl. Classification (Patentliteratur) CL20 Hexanitro-Isowurtzitan (Sprengstoff) CLC Computer Loadable Code CLDC Connected Limited Device Configuration CLE Customer Located Edge (Telekommunikation) CLEC Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) CLEO Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics CLEOPATRA Cloud Experiment Oberpfaffenhofen and Transport CLFA Coopération Laser Franco-Allemande Clg Ceiling CLI Calling Line Identification (Telekommunikation) CLIC CERN Linear Collider CLID Command Line Interface (Telekommunikation) CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation (Telekommunikation) CLORA Club des Organismes de Recherche Associés (Frankreich) CLOS Common LISP Object System CLP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) CLP Computer Loadable Program CLR Connection Loudness Rating (Telephon) CLS Call Server (Telekommunikation) CLS Canadian Light Source (Synchrotron-Strahlungsquelle am CFI) CLS Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope CLSM Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscope CM Configuration Management CM Connection Management CM Control Manager CM Countermeasures CM Covariance Matrix CM Channel Matrix CM Covariance Matrix CMAC Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer CMAD Conference of National Armaments Directors CMAM [Fraunhofer-] Center for Manufacturing and Advanced Materials (Newark, DE, CMB [Fraunhofer-]USA) Center for Molecular Biotechnology (Newark, DE, USA) CMB Cosmic Microwave Background CMC Carboxymethylcellulose CMD Command CMD Condensed Matter Division (der EPS) CME Coronal Mass Ejection (Astrophysik) CMEM [International] Conference on Computational Methods and Experimental CMIP CommonMeasurements Management Information Protocol (Telekommunikation) CMIS Common Management Information Services (Telekommunikation) CMISE Common Management Information Services (or: System) Element CML Chemical(Telekommunikation) Markup Language CML Current Mode Logic (Schaltungstechnik) CMM Capability Maturity Model CMM Chassis Management Modulus CMM Coordinate Measuring Machine CMMI® Capability Maturity Model® Integration CMN Call Mediation Node CMN Cerous Magnesium Nitrate (Temperaturnormal) CMOS Capacity-Coupled Metal-Oxide Silicon Device CMOS Complementary Metal Oxyd Semiconductor CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (Feldeffekt-Transistor) CMP Central Maintenance Panel CMP Chemical-Mechanical Polishing CMPP China Mobilie Peer to Peer CMR Colossal Magnetoresistance CMRR Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMS Cambridge Materials Selector [Database] (UK) CMS Cluster Management System (Telekommunikation) CMS Compact Muon Solenoid (CERN) CMS Condensed Matter Science CMS Content Management System CMS Content-Management System (Wissensmanagement) CMS Corporate Mobile Server (Telekommunikation) CMT Criticality Management Tool CMTR Computer CMTS Cable Modem Termination System (Telekommunikation) CMTS Cable Termination Modem System CMU Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA, USA) CMU Cockpit Mock-up CN Core Network CN Core Network (Telekommunikation) CNAM Cable Network Alliance CNAM Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (Paris) CNC Computer Numerical Control (Werkzeugmaschinen) CNEL Community Noise Equivalent Level CNES Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (Frankreich) CNET Centre National d'Etudes des Télécommunications CNI Communication, Navigation, Identifcation CNM Customer Network Management (Telekommunikation) CNR Carrier-to-Noise Ratio CNR National Research Council (Kanada) CNRS Centre national de la recherche scientifique (Frankreich) CNS Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (Frankreich) CNS Communication, Navigation, Surveillance CNS Conseil nationale de la science (Frankreich) CNT Carbon Nano Tube CO Central Office CO Central Office (Rechnernetze) CO Colorado (US-Staat) CO Connection-Oriented (Internet) COB Chip-On-Board COB Collected Operating Bases COBE Cosmic Background Explorer (Satellit) COBOL Common Business-Oriented Language (Programmiersprache) COBRA Common Object Request Broker Architecture (Telekommunikation) CoBRA Computerized Bibliographic Record Actions COCOM Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls COCOSDA International Coordinating Committee on Speech Databases and Speech I/O CODAC CosmicSystems Dust Assessment Aggregation Experiment CODAR Correlation Direction and Recording CoDAS Condensed Matter Direct Alerting Service (Datenbank) CODATA Committee on Data for Science and Technology (seit 1966) CODEC Coder-Decoder CODEST Committee for the Development of European Science and Technology COE Center of Excellence COEHC Coalition on Effective Hearing Conservation (USA) COF Columbus Orbit Facility (Weltraumlabor) CoF Construction of Facilities COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex(ing) COFEE Computer Online Forensic Evidence Extractor COHO Coherent Heterodyne (receiver) COIL Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser COISACA Combined Ordered Interference Suppression and Cancellation Approach COLL Collective COLL Collision COLTRIMS Cold Target Recoil Momentum Spectroscopy COM (Dateinamenerweiterung: ausführbares Programm) com [Commercial Organization] (Internet, USA) COM Committee on Minorities in Physics (APS) COM Component Object Model COMCOMP Compound Helicopter Computer Program COMD Command COMET C++ OSI Management Extended Toolchain COMETT Community Program for Education and Training in Technology COMINT Communication Intelligence COMM Communication COMP Cartilage Oligomatrix Protein COMPENDEX Computerized Engineering Index (Datenbank) COMPLAN Communication Planning COMPTEL Imaging Compton Telescope COMSAT Communications Satellite Corporation (USA) COMSEC Communications Security ConCap Constant Capacitance (Sensorik-Verfahren) CONDX dx Conditions CONNFFESSIT Calculation of Non-Newtonian Flow: Finite Elements and Stochastic Simulation Technique COP Coefficient of Performance COP Connection Oriented Protocol COPS Common Open Policy Service (Telekommunikation) CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture (Telekommunikation) CORDIS Community Research and Development Information Service (EU) CORE Combat Rescue CoS Class of Service CoS Class(es) of Service(s) COS Constellation of Symbols COS Constellation of Symbols COSEPUP Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (National Academy, COSINE CooperationUSA) for Open Systems Interconnection in Europe COSIS Copernicus Online Service and Information System COSPAR Committee on Space Research COST Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (EC), COSTEP ComprehensiveCoopération Européenne Suprathermal dans and la domaine Energetic de Particle la recherche (an Bord scientifique von SOHO) et COSV Changetechnique Over Solenoid Value COSY Cooler Synchrotron (Jülich) COSY Correlation Spectroscopy COTS Components (or: Commercial, or: Commodity) Off-The-Shelf COV Calculus of Variation COVER Covariance Equivalent Realization COX Cyclo-Oxygenase CP Constellation Point CP Circular Polarisation CP Cockpit CP Conference Proceedings (NASA etc.) CP Connection Performer CP Content Provider (Telekommunikation) CP Contention Period (Telekommunikation) CP Copilot CP Cruise Power CP Customer Premises (Rechnernetz) CP Cyclic Prefix CP Cellular Phone CP Conditional Probability CPA Chirped Pulse Amplification (optische Pulskompression) CPA Critical Path Analysis CPA Considerable Performance Advantage CPAN Comprehensive Perl Archive Network CPB Constant Percentage Bandwidth (Frequenzanalyse) CPC Collaborative Product Commerce CPCT Center for Photoinduced Charge Transfer (Rochester, NY, USA) CPD Certified Priority Document CPE Common Phase Error (Telekommunikation) CPE Customer Premises Equipment CPE Customer Premises Equipment (Internet) CPF Cockpit Floor CPG Computational Physics Group (EPS) CPI Crash Position Indicator CPICH Common Pilot Channel (Telekommunikation) CPL Call Processing Language (Telekommunikation) CPLD Complex Programmable Logical Device CPM Cathode Pulse Memory CPM Cycles Per Minute CPN Customer Premises Network (Rechnernetz) CPO Certification Programme Outline CPO Complete Provisions only CPP Cockpit Panel CPR Cabin/Cockpit Preasure CPR Contingency Power Rating (2,5 min OEI) CPS Chinese Physical Society CPS Cycles per Second CPS The Czech Physial Society CPT Charge, Parity, Time (Invarianz gegen ...umkehr) CPU Central Processing Unit (Computer) CPVS Central Payload Video System CPW Coplanar Waveguide (Leitungstheorie) CPX Control Panel Extension CQI Channel Quality Indication CR Carriage Return (Printer) CR Cell Relay (Telekommunikation) CR Combat Ready CR Cosmic Rays CR Crash Recorder CR Channel Response Cr. Condor Cr. IEM Condor of the IEM CR/W Controller Read/Write CRADA Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (or: Award) [with private CRAFT Cooperativecompanies] (USA, Research staatl. Action Förderungsprogramm) For Technology (EU) CRC Collaborative Research Centre (DFG) CRC Control and Reporting Center CRC Corporate Research Center CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check (Telekommunikation) CRCC Combined Rescue Coordination Center CRCG [Fraunhofer-] Center for Research in Computer Graphics (Providence, RI, CRC-ICE CyclicUSA) Resynthesis Condition for Intelligent Cybernetic Environments CRD card CRDF Civilian Research and Development Foundation (USA) CRES Corrosion Resistant Steel CRESST Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers CREST Comité de la recherche scientifique et technique (EU) CRF Charging Rule Function CRFS Crash Resistant Fuel System CRG Collaborating Research Group CRH Corticotropin-Releasing Hormon CRIS Center for Research on Innovation and Society (Santa Barbara, CA, USA, und CRL CommunicationsBerlin) Research Laboratory CR-LDP Constraint-based Label Distribution Protocol CRM Certified Reference Material CRM Customer Relations Management (Telekommunikation) CRN Committee of a Regulatory Nature (EU) CRNC Controling Radio Network Controller (Telecom) CroBIT Cross Border Information Technology CRP Compulsory Reporting Point CRP C-reactive Protein (medicine) CRP C-reaktives Protein CRR Charging Rule Request CRS Compulsory Reportig Sequence CRS Course (Desired Track) or Acitve Leg CRS Cruise CRSQA Council for Refractive Surgery Quality Assurance (Augenchirurgie, USA) CRT Cathod Ray Tube CRT Cathode Ray Tube CRT Conformal Radio Therapy CRT Cosmic-Ray-Tracking Project CRU Combined Rotating Unit CRV Crew Return Vehicle (Raumfahrt) CRYRING Cryebis Storage Ring (Stockholm) CS Call Server (Telekommunikation) CS Carrier Signals CS Circuit Switched CS Circuit-Switched (Telekommunikation) CS Communication Subsystem CS Communications Satellite CS compound semiconductors CS conducted susceptibility cs consuetudines cs creasy speed CS Communication Standard CS Cellular Service CS Cellular System CS Candidate Signal CS Connection Start CSAR Combat Search and Rescue CSAR Cryogenic Solar Absolute Radiometer CSAS Command and Stability Augmentation System CSAS Control and Stability Augmentation System CSB Charge Symmetry Breaking (Elementarteilchenphysik) CSBU Communication Services Business Unit (Telekommunikation) CSC Combat Support Center CSC Computer Software Component CSCC Concurrent Supercomputing Consortium (USA) CSCF Call Session Control Function CSCF Call State Control Function (Telekommunikation) CSCGV Circularly Symmetric Complex Gaussian Variables CSCI Computer Software Configuration Item CSCL Computer-Supported Cooperative Learning CSCS/SCSC Swiss Centre for Scientific Computing CSCW Computer Supported Cooperative Working CSCW Computer Supported Cooperative/Colaborative Work CSD Chemical Solution Deposition CSD Circuit Switched Data (Telecommunication) CSD Constant Speed Drive CSDP Customer Specific Development Process CSELT Centro studi e laboratori telecomunicazioni (Italien) CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique (Zürich) CSG Computer Symbol Generator CSI Channel Select Indicator CSI Control-Structure Interaction CSI Channel State Information CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (Südafrika) CSIS Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, DC, USA) CSLI Center for the Study of Language and Information (Stanford, CA, USA) CSLP (Fraunhofer-)Center for Surface and Laser Proceessing (Peoria, IL, USA) CSM Central Strength Member (Rechnernetz) CSM Client-Server Mode CSM Communication Session Manager CSM Component and Supplier Management CSM Connection Session Management CSM Customer Service Management (Telekommunikation) CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (Datennetze) CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (Datennetze) CSN Circuit Switched Network (Telekommunikation) CSN Connectivity Service Network CSP Chip-Scale Package (gedruckte Schaltung) CSPF Constraint Shortest Path First (Telekommunikation) CSR Cell Switch Router (Telekommunikation) CSR Customer Service Representatives (Telekommunikation) CSS Cascading Style Sheets CSS Content Scramble System CSTA Computer Supported Telecommunication(s) (or: Telephony) Application CSTI Civil(Telekommunikation) Space Technology Initiative (NASA) CSU Colorado State University (USA) CSU Computer Software Unit CSV Candidate Signal Vector CSV Comma Separated Value CSV Complete Sent Vector CSVE Chinese Society for Vibration Engineering CSW Core Switch CSWP Committee on the Status of Women in Physics (APS) CT Computed Tomography, Computer-Tomographie (Röntgentechnik) CT Connecticut (US-Staat) CT Cordless Telecommunications CT Court (US Mail) CTA Control Area CTAN Comprehensive TeX Archive Network CTB Composite Triple Beat (Verzerrung 3. Ordnung) CTBT Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (Atomwaffenteststoppvertrag 1996) CTBTO Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organisation (Wien) CTC Chase the Chasing CTC Crew Training Complex (DLR, Köln, Porz-Wahnheide) CTD Common Technical Document CTE Coefficient of Thermal Expansion CTH Chalmers Tekniske Högskola (Göteborg, Schweden) CTI Colour Transient Improvement (Kontourverbesserung beim TV-Bild) CTI Computer Telephony Interface (Telekommunikation) CTI Computer-Telephony Integration (Telekommunikation) CTI Critical Technologies Institute (USA) CTIO Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (Chile) CTIR Center for Intelligent Transportation Research (Ohio State University) CTO Chief Technical Officer CTP Combat Training Program CTP Computer-to-Plate, Computer-to-Press, Computer-to-Paper (Drucktechnik) CTP Cytisintriphosphat CTR Center CTR Center (US Mail) CTR Common Technical Regulation(s) CTR Control Zone CTRANC Crosstalk-Resistant Adaptive Noise Canceller CTS Central Tactical System CTS Concept to Speech (Sprachsynthese) CTS Cost Time Share CTU Control Tower Unit CTV Crew Transfer Vehicle (Raumfahrt) CU Central Unit CU Control Unit CU Cancelation Unit CUAGN see you again CUF Channel Utilization Factor CUG Closed User Group (Telekommunikation) CUL Computer-unterstütztes Lernen CUL see you later CULATL see you later at the litigator CUNY City University of New York CUPLE Comprehensive Unified Physics Learning Environment Cuspea China-US Physics Examination and Application Program CUTCP Clarkson University-TCP (Rechnernetz) CUTE Clarkson University Terminal Emulator (Rechnernetz) CV Cartellverband [der Katholischen Deutschen Studentenverbindungen] CV Central Value CV Constellation Value CV Column Vector CV Complex Value CVC Common Vision Concept CVCP Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals (UK) CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition CVE Collaborative Virtual Environment CVP Chemical Vapor Disposition CVR Cockpit Voice Recorder CVSD Continuously Variable Slope Delta CVT Continuously Variable Transmission (Getriebe) cw Carrier Wave Cw Clockwise CW Clockwise cw Continuous Wave CW Continuous Wave CW Control Word CWAP Coution Warning Alert Panel CWDM Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (Telekommunikation) CWP(S) Caution and Warning Panel (System) CWP(S) Central Warning Panel (System) CWS Central Warning System CWS Chemical Warfare Service CXO Chandra X-Ray Observatory (Röntgensatellit) CZ Combat Zone CZ Convergence Zone D D&D(P) Design and Development (Phase) D/A Digital-Analog D2B Domestic Digital Bus (Faseroptik) DA Decision Altitude DA Density Altitude DA Differential Amplifier DA Digital Amplifier DA Drift Angle DA/H Decision Altitude/Height DAAD Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst e.V. DAAK Deutsch-Amerikanisches Akademisches Konzil DAB Digital Audio Broadcast DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter DACH Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle Chemie GmbH DACS Distributed Airborne Communications System DACT Dissimiliar Air Combat Training DAF Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Familientherapie DAGA Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Akustik DAGV Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Vakuum DAHC Deutschsprachiges Apple-Hochschul-Consortium DAI Deutsches Archäologisches Institut (Bonn) DAI Distributed Artificial Intelligence DAL Deutscher Arbeitsring für Lärmbekämpfung e.V. DAM Deutsche Akademie für Metrologie (München) DAMA Dark Matter Search (Astrophysik, Gran Sasso-Labor, Italien) DAMA Demand Assignment (or: Assigned) Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) DAMOP Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (APS) D-AMPS Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System (Telekommunikation) DANA Data Application Network Adapter DAP Deutsches Akkreditierungssystem Prüfwesen (Normungsarbeit) DAP Display Adjustment Panel DAR Deutscher Akkreditierungsrat (Normungsarbeit) DARA Deutsche Agentur für Raumfahrtangelegenheiten GmbH (1989-1997) DARC Data Radio Channel DARHT Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic (Test) Facility (Los Alamos, NM, USA) DARPA Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (USA) DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DARS Digital Audio Radio Service DART Data Acquisition in Real Time Darwin Detection and Analysis of Remote Worlds by Interferometric Nulling DAS Dansk Akustisk Selskab DAS Distributed Antenna Systems (Telekommunikation) DASH Drone Anti-Submarine Helicopter DASI Degree Angular Scale Interferometer DASMIN Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle Mineralöl DASS Defensive Aid Subsystem DAST Drones for Aerodynamic and Structural Testing (NASA, Flugzeug) DAT Digital Audio Tape DATech Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle Technik DAtF Deutsches Atomforum DAU Data Acquisition Unit DAU Data Alignment Unit DAUD Destination State Audit DAVA Destination Available DAVIC Digital Audiovisual Council DAWS Digital Advanced Wireless Services (Telekommunikation) DB Data Base dB Dezibel DB Diffusion Boarding DBA Data Base Administrator DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (Telekommunikation) DBC Data Bus Coupler DBF (Dateinamenerweiterung: dBase Datenbank-Datei) DBF Distributed Feedback (Laser) DBG Deutsche Bunsengesellschaft für Physikalische Chemie DBI Deutsches Bibliotheksinstitut (Berlin) DBM Deutsches Bergbau-Museum (Bochum) DBM Double Beam Modulation DBMS Database Management System (Telekommunikation) DBP Division of Biological Physics (APS) DBR Distributed Bragg Reflector (Laser) DBS Direct Broadcast(ing) (by) Satellite DBS Data Bit Stream DC Developing Countries DC Digital Concentrator (Telekommunikation) DC Direct Current DC Direct Current (Gleichstrom) DC District of Columbia (US-Staat) DC Dünnschichtchromatographie DC 60 Distorsion Indicator DC2DL Direct Current to Day Light (Frequency Range) DCA Document Contents Architecture DCA Document File Standard DCC Digital Compact Cassette DCE Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (Telekommunikation) DCE Data Communications Equipment DCE Distributed Computing Environment DCF Digital Controlled Filter DCF Dispersion Compensating Fiber (Glasfaser) DCF Distributed Coordination Function (Telekommunikation) DCG Dichromated gelatin DCG Dispersion-Compensating Grating (optische Telekommunikation) DCH Dedicated Channel (Telekommunikation) DCM Dispersion Compensation Module (Telekommunikation) DCMP Division of Condensed Matter Physics (APS) DCN Data Communication Network (Telekommunikation) DCOM Distributed Component Object Model DCOMP Division of Computational Physics (APS) DCP Division of Chemical Physics (APS) DCP Dual Core Processor DCP Duplex Communication Protocol (see SCP) DCPN Domestic Customer Premises Network DCS Digital Cellular System DCS Digital Crossconnect (or: Communication) System (Telekommunikation) DCS Distributed Control System DCT Disrete Cosine Transform DCU Data Capture Utility DCU Down Conversion Unit Dd. Doctorand, doctorant DDB Die Deutsche Bibliothek DDC Digital Demodulation Circuit DDCE Dolby Digital Consumer Encoder DDD Directly Doubled Diode (Laser) DDE Dynamic Data Exchange DDEC Data-Driven Echo Canceller DDGI Deutscher Dachverband für Geo-Information ddI Didesoxyinosin DDI Direct Dialing-In (Telephon) DDI Drug-Drug-Interaction (Pharama) DDK Dialog Development Kit DDM Differential Depth Modulation DDN Defense Data Network (USA) DDOE Detailed Description of the Embodiments DDoS Distributed Denial-of-Service (Telekommunikation) DDP Design Declaration, of Performance DDR Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR Dual Data Rate DDS Direct Digital Synthesis (I/O Board) DDS Direct Digital Synthesizer DDT Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan DDU Display Driver Unit DDV Deutscher Dart-Verband DDV Direct Drive Valve DE Delaware (US-Staat) DE Discard Eligibility (Telekommunikation) DE Germany (im Internet) DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chemisches Apparatewesen, chemische Technik DECT Digitalund Biotechnologie Enhanced (früher: e.V. European) Cordless Telecommunication (or: DECU DigitalTelephone) Engine Control Unit DEDIG Deutsche EDI-Gesellschaft e.V. DEE Daten-Endeinrichtung (Telekommunikation) DEGA Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V. DEGREE Diversity Effects in Grassland Ecosystems of Europe DEI Diffraction-Enhanced Imaging DEK Data Entry Keybord DEKITZ Deutsche Koordinierungsstelle für IT-Normenkonformitätsprüfung und DELTA Dortmunder-zertifizierung Elektronen Testspeicherring Anlage DeM Deus ex Machina DEMFT Domain of the Electro Magnetic Field Theory DeMuX De-Multiplexer DE-NIC Network Information Center für Deutschland (Karlsruhe) DEP Depression DERA Defense Evaluation & Research Agency (MOD, GB) DES Data Encryption Standard (or: System) DES Department of Electrical Science (NPL, UK) DES Diethylstilbestrol (Östrogen-Derivat) DEST Destination DESY Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (Hamburg) Det Detachment DET Detector DETRESFA Distress Phase DEU Display Electronic Unit DEXA Dual Energy X-ray Absorptionmetry (medicine) DEZ Diethylzink (-Verfahren zur Papierkonservierung) DF Default Value DF Direction Finder DFA Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie (Garching) DFB Distributed Feedback (Laser) DFCS Digital Flight Control System DFD Data Flow Diagram DFD Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum (Oberpfaffenhofen) DFD Division of Fluid Dynamics (APS) DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder DFE Digital Front End (Telekommunikation) DFE Decision-Feedback Equalizer DFF Data Flow Filter DFF Deutscher Fernsehfunk (DDR) DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFH Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Hubschrauber und Vertikalflugtechnik DFI Diabetes-Forschungsinstitut (Düsseldorf) DFJW Deutsch-Französisches Jugendwerk DFKI Deutsches Forschungszentrum für künstliche Intelligenz (Saarbrücken) DFL Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luftfahrt (Braunschweig, 1936) Deutsche DFN DeutschesForschungsanstalt Forschungsnetz für Luft- und(Datennetz) Raumfahrt e.V. (Braunschweig, 1962) DFO Defined Flying Object DFS Dansk Fysisk Selskap DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection (Telekommunikation) DFT Discrete Fourier Transform DFT Discrete Fourier Transform, diskrete Fouriertransformation DFÜ Datenfernübertragung DFVLR Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (1969- DFWM Degenerate1989, danach: Four DLR) Wave Mixing (Entartete Vier-Wellen-Mischung) DG Directional Gyro DG Diversity Gain DGaO Deutsche Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik DGE Dynamic Gain-Equalizer (optische Telekommunikation) DGF Deutsche Gesellschaft für Flugwissenschaften e.V. (1959) DGfB Deutsche Gesellschaft für Biophysik DGfE Deutsche Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft DGfS Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft DGG Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft DGG Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft e.V. DGHS Deutsche Gesellschaft für humanes Sterben DGK Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kristallographie DGLM Deutsche Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin DGLR Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt DGM Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. DGMK Deutsche Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft für Erdöl, Erdgas und Kohle e.V. DGMP Deutsche Gesellschaft für Medizinische Physik DGPI Deutsche Gesellschaft für Produktinformationen mbH DGPs Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychologie DGPS Differential Global Positioning System DGQ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Qualität DGS Deutsche Gebärdensprache DGS Deutsche Gesellschaft für Soziologie DGW Data Gateway DGWK Deutsche Gesellschaft für Warenkennzeichnung mbH DHB Digital Hot Bench DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Telekommunikation) DHF Deformed Helix Ferroelectrics DHN Digital Home Network DHS Demographic and Health Surveys DHS Department of Homeland Security (USA, seit 2002) DHTML Dynamic HTML DHU Data Handling Unit (Telekommunikation) DHV Deutscher Hochschulverband e.V. DHvSS Die Herren vom Schwarzen Stein DHVZ Danger High Voltage Zone DI Data Item DI Deliverable Item DI Direct Input DIAL Differential Absorption Lidar DIANE Direct Information Access Network for Europe DIB Deutsches Institut für Betriebswirtschaft DIBS Digital In-Band Broadcasting System DICASS Directional Command Active Sonobuoys System DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine DID Data Item Description DID Destination ID DID Direct Inward Dialing (Telephon) DIF Data Interchange Format DIFAR Dirction Finder and Ranger DIfE Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung (Potsdam) DIFF Deutsches Institut für Fernstudien (Tübingen) DiffServ Differentiated Services Diff-Serv Differentiated Service DIHT Deutscher Industrie- und Handelstag DIII Doublet III (Fusionsreaktortechnik, General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA) DIII-D Doublet III-D (Fusionsreaktortechnik, General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA) DIL Dual In-Line (Telekommunikation, Chip-Technology) DIM Design Instruction Manual DIMDI Deutsches Institut für Medizinische Dokumentation und Information DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung DINZERT Deutscher Zertifizierungsrat im DIN DIPF Deutsches Institut für Internationale Pädagogische Forschung (Frankfurt/M) DIPS Distributed Intelligent Piloting System DIR Design Improvement Request DIR Direct DIRC Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov Light DIS Disconnect DIS Display DIS Draft International Standard DISCH Discharge DISO Dual Input - Single Output (Controller, System) DIST Distance DITC Division of Information Technology and Computing (NPL, UK) DITR Deutsches Informationszentrum für technische Regeln div divergent Div. Division Diva Deutsches Interferometer für Vielkanalphotometrie und Astrometrie DIW Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (Berlin) DIY Do it yourself Dj Diskjokey DKD Deutscher Kalibrierdienst DKE Deutsche Elektrotechnische Kommission (im DIN und VDE) DKFI Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (Saarbrücken) DKFZ Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (Heidelberg) DKG Deutsche Keramische Gesellschaft e.V. DKI Deutsche Kommission für Ingenieurausbildung DKMM Deutsches Komitee für Meeresforschung und Meerestechnik DKRZ Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (Hamburg) DL Data Link DLA Diffusion-Limited Aggregation DLC Data Link Control (or: Connection) [Layer] (DECT) DLC Diamond-like Carbon DLC Digital Loop Carrier (Internet) DLL (Dateinamenerweiterung: Programmdatei) DLL Dynamic Link Library (Telekommunikation, Programming) DLM Depot Level Maintenance DLP Digital Light Processing DLQ Deck Landing Qualification DLR Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (ab 1989, früher: DLS DirectDFVLR). Access Ab 1.10.1997: Logging System Deutsches (Sprachaufzeichnungssystem, Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt Philips) e.V. DLS Dynamic Light Scattering, dynamische Lichtstreuung DLU Digital Line Unit DLV Digital Light Valve DM Detection Module DM Data Manager DM Deutsches Museum (München) DM DOCS Monitor DMA Direct Memory Access DMAS Digital Multiplexed Audio System DMCA Digital Millenium Copyright Act (USA 1998) DMD Data management Display DMD Digital Micromirror Device DME Differential Manchester Encoding DME Distance Measuring Equipment DME Distance Measuring Equipment DME DME Distance of Waypoint from Tacon DME/N Distance Measuring Equipment/Normal DME/P DME/Precision DMEM Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Nährmedium, Zellkultur) DMFC Direct Methanol Fuel Cell DMFT Dynamic Mean Field Theory (Festkörperphysik) DMG Deutsche Meteorologische Gesellschaft DMG Deutsche Mineralogische Gesellschaft e.V. DMIF Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework DML Direct Modulated Laser DMLS Direct Metal Laser-Sintering DMM Digital-Multimeter DMO Direct Mode Operation (Telekommunikation) DMOM Division of Mechanical and Optical Metrology (NPL, UK) DMP Device Managment Platform DMP Display Mode Panel DMP Division of Materials Physics (APS) DMR Digital Mobile Radio DMS Datenmanagementsystem (Fernerkundung) DMS Digital Moiré Subtraction (Metrologie) DMS Direct Measurement System DMS Document Management System (Wissensmanagement) DMS Data Modulations Stage DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide DMT Discrete Multi Tone DMT Discrete Multi-Tone (Leitungscode, Mehrfach-Träger-Modulation) DMT Dough Moulding Compound DMU Digital Mock-Up (Telekommunikation) DMU Display and Metering Unit DMU Distance Hesuring Unit DMV Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung e.V. DMX Distributed Media Exchange (Telekommunikation) DN Down DNA Desoxyribonucleic acid DNA Distributed Internet Architecture DNAC DNA-Computing DNI Day-Night-Level (Lärmpegel) DNK Deutsches Nationales Komitee für IUPAP DNS Data Network System (Telekommunikation) DNS Desoxyribonucleinsäure DNS Domain Name Service (or: System, or: Server) (Telekommunikation) DNT Dinitrotoluol DNW Deutsch-Niederländischer Windkanal (bei Emmeloord, NL, 1980) DO Digital Oscillator DOA Direction of Arrival DOA Degree of Accuracy DOAS Differentielle optische Absorptionsspektroskopie, Differential Optical Dobson-Unit 2,7Absorption × 1016 Moleküle/cm3Spectroscopy DOC (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft-Word-Dokument) DOC Direct Operation Cost DOC Dissolved Organic Carbon DOC Distance off Course (or XTE) Doc Document DOCS Digital Optical Control System DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (Telekommunikation) DOD Department of Defense DOD Department of Defense (USA) DOE Department of Energy (USA) DoE Design of Experiments DOE Diffractive Optical Element DOES differentielle optische Absorptionsspektroskopie DOF Degree-of-Freedom DOGF Dogflight DOI Digital Object Identifier (Literatursuche im www) DOK Deutsches Optisches Komitee DOP Degree of Polarization (Glasfaser) DOPA l-Dihydroxyphenylalanin DORIS Doppel-Ring-Speicher (DESY) DORIS Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositoning Integrated by Satellite (ENVISAT) DoS Denial-of-Service (Telekommunikation) DOS Deutsche Offenlegungsschrift (Patent) DOS Digital Optical Switch (Telekommunikation) DOS Disk Operating System DOT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Word-Dokumentenvorlage) DoV Data over Voice DP Drop Procedure DP Decision Process DPA Demand Priority Access (Datennetze, AT&T und HP) D-Pad Directional Pad, n-way directional pad D-PAF Deutsche Processing and Archiving Facility (Fernerkundung) DPCM Differential Pulse Code Modulation DPE Distributed Processing Environment (Telekommunikation) DPF Distributed Packet Filtering (Telekommunikation) DPG Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft DPGS Death per Gunshot DPhV Deutscher Philologenverband DPI Drittes Physikalisches Institut [der Universität Göttingen] DPLR Doppler DPMA Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt DPNS Digital Private Networking System (Telekommunikation) DPOLY Division of Polymer Physics (APS) DPP Differential Push Pull (see EP 0745 982 A2, Optical Recording) DPSK Differential Phase-Shift Key DPSS(L) Diode-Pumped Solid State (Laser) DPU Data Processing Unit DPU Display Processing Unit DPVBi 4,4'-bis(2,2'-diphenyl vinyl)biphenyl (blue color) DPZ Deutsches Primatenzentrum (Göttingen) DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Basis (or: Bus) DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) DQS Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Zertifizierung von Qualitätsmanagementsystemen DR DatambH Rate DR Deutsche Reichsbahn (Dt. Kaiserreich) DR dielektronische Rekombination DR Drift DR Drive (US Mail) DR Dynamic Range Dr. ing. sc. el. doctorem ingenium sciences electronicae Dr. rer. nat. doctor rerum naturalium DRA Defence Research Agency (UK) DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory DRAW Development of Design Tools for Reduced Aerodynamic Noise WindTurbines DR-DOS Digital(EU-Forschungsprojekt) Research DOS DRET Direction des Recherches, Etudes et Techniques DRG Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft, Gesellschaft für medizinische Radiologie, DRIC DefenceStrahlenbiologie Research und Information Nuklearmedizin Centre e.V. (Orpington, Kent, UK) DRIVE Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle Safety in Europe DRM Digital Rights Management (Telekommunikation) DRM Digital-Rights-Management (Audio/Video Media) DRNC Drift Radio Network Controller DRO Dielectric Resonance Oscillator DRO Digital Read Out DRP Design Refernce Point DRS Daten-Relaissatellit DRS Data Recovery Stage DRV (Dateinamenerweiterung: Treiberdatei) DRV Drive/r DRW (Dateinamenerweiterung: Micrografx Designer-Graphikdatei) DRX Discontinuous Reception DS Data Symbols DS Death Star DS Definition Study DS Detection Scheme DS Differentiated Services (Telekommunikation) DSA Digital Signature Algorithm DSAL Decelerated Steep Approach and Landing DSAU Digital Subscriber Access Unit (Telekommunikation) DSB Digital Sound Broadcasting DSC Digital System Controller DS-CDMA Direct Sequence CDMA (Telekommunikation) DSCH Downlink Shared Channel (Telekommunikation) DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point (Telekommunikation) DSCS Discrete Symbol Constellation Set DSCS Defense Satellite Communications System (USA) DSE Design Support Environment DSF Dispersion Shifted Fiber (Glasfaser) DSFC Direct Side Force Control DSGV Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband DSIR Department of Sientific and Industrial Research (UK) DSKLR Dreiachsiges Strapdown Kurs-Lage-Referenzsystem DSL Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation) DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) DSM Design Stressing Mass DSM Deutsches Schiffahrtsmuseum (Bremerhaven) DSM Distributed System Management DSN Deep Space Network DSO Digital Sampling Oscilloscope DSO Digital Storage Oscilloscope DSP Data Service Profile (Telekommunikation) DSP Defense Support Program (USA) DSP Digital Signal Processor DSP Digital Signal Processor (or: Processing) DSR Differential Spectral Responsivity DSR Digital Satellite Radio; Digitaler Satellitenrundfunk DSR Distributed Speech Recognition DSS Digital Signature Standard DSS Digital Speaker System (Lautsprecher) DS-SS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DST Dispersion Supported Transmission (Telekommunikation) DS-T Dreieck-Stern-Transf DSTB Digital Set Top Box DSTO Defence Science and Technology Organization (Australien) DSU Digital Service Unit DSU Dynamic Sensor Unit DSV Data Source Verification DSW Deutsche Stifung Weltbevölkerung DS-Wert durchschnittlicher Substitutionsgrad DT Data Terminal DT Data Tag DT Data Transfer DT Data Throughput DTA Deutsche Technische Akademie (Helmstedt) DTAB Demountable TAB DTAG Destination Tag DTC Data Transmission Corporation DTC Direct Torque Control (Elektroantrieb) DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel DTD Data Transfer Device DTD Document Type Definition DTE Data Terminal Equipment (Telekommunikation) DTG Distance To-Go Along Active Leg to Waypoiont (ATD) DTG Dynamically Tuned Gyro DTH Direct to Home (Satellitenfernsehen) DTI Department of Trade and Industry (UK) DTI Display Technology Incorporated (Zusammenschluss von IBM und Toshiba DTM Devicezur Produktion Type Manager von Flachbildschirmen) (Feldbussystem) DTM Digital Terrain Model DTMF Dual Tone Multifrequency (Telephon) DTNSRDC David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center DTP Desktop Publishing DTPP Desktop Program Production DTS Distributed Temperature Sensor DTT Down the Track DTTB Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (Japan) DTTB Digital TV Terrestrial Broadcast DTV Digital Television DTW Dynamic Time Warp(ing) DU Display Unit DÜE Datenübertragungseinrichtung (Telekommunikation) DÜI Deutsches Übersee-Institut (Hamburg) DUMAND Deep Underwater Myon and Neutrino Detector (bei Hawaii) DUNA Destination Unavailable DUPU Destination User Part Unavailable DUT Device Under Test DUV Deep-Ultraviolet DUZ Deutsche Universitätszeitung DVB Digital Video Broadcast(ing) DVB-T Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcast DVD Digital Versatile (or: Video) Disk (CD) DVE Digital Video Effects DVE Digital Video Encoder DVE Distributed Virtual Environment DVFR Controlled VFR-Flight DVG Deutsche Vakuumgesellschaft DVI Direct Voice Input DVL Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt (Berlin-Adlershof, 1912) DVO Direct Voice Output DVOR Dopppler Very high Frequence Omnidirectional Radio Range DVORTAC Doppler VOR and TACAN DVP Distributed Video Production DVPT Deutscher Verband für Post und Telekommunikation DVS Deutscher Verband für Schweißtechnik DVS Doppler Velocity Sensor DVT Deep Venous Thrombosis (medicine) DVT Deutscher Verband Technisch-Wissenschaftlicher Vereine e.V. DWC Digital Waveform Capture (I/O Board) DWC Direct Wireless Communication DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) DXC Digital Cross Connect (Telekommunikation) DXF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Autodesk Autoload-Graphikdatei) DXF Autocad Vector Graphics File Standard DZfCh Deutscher Zentralausschuss für Chemie E E-... Electronic ... (-Business, -Commerce, -Economy, -Procurement etc.) E1CAS Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System EA Electroabsorption EAA European Acoustics Association EAD(I) Electronic Attitude Director (Indicator) EADQ [Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Diagnose und Qualitätssteigerung eag (EAG) ether-à-go-go (ein Gen) EAG Europäische Atomgemeinschaft EAI Enterprise Application Integration (Telekommunikation) EAL Evangelische Akademie Loccum EALM Electro-Absorption Laser Modulator (optische Telekommunikation) EAM Electro-Absorption Modulator (Telekommunikation) EAM Energie-Aktiengesellschaft Mitteldeutschland (früher: Elektrizitäts- EAN EuropeanAktiengesellschaft Aerospace Mitteldeutschland) Network EAN Europäische Artikelnummer (Strichcode) EAP Equal Average Power EAP Encyclopedia of Applied Physics EAP Expandable Authentication Protocol EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol (Telekommunikation) EAPS Euro-Asian Physical Society EAR Edge Aggregation Router (Telekommunikation) EARA European Association for Research in Astronomy EARN European Academic Research Network EARTO European Association of Research and Technology (Brüssel) EAS Equivalent Airspeed EAS European Astronomical Society EASA European Academic Software Award EASI European Academic Supercomputing Initiative EASInet European Academic Supercomputing Initiative Network EASOE European Arctic Stratospheric Ozone Experiment EAT Expected Approach Timne EB Equivalent Bandwidth (Telekommunikation) EBC Electronic Business Center EBD Equalization Based Detector EBI European Bioinformatics Institute (bei Cambridge, UK) EBIT Earnings Before Interest and Tax EBIT Electron Beam Ion Trap EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization E-BIZ E-Business Innovationszentrum (FhG) EBLIDA European Bureau of Library, Information and Documentation Associations EBN entwicklungsbegleitende Normung EBP Error Back Propagation (Algorithmus) EBR Electronic Beam Recorder EBR Electronic Batch Record EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBSC Embedded Software Components EBT Electron-Beam Testing EBU European Broadcasting Union EC COST European Cooperation in the Field Field of Scientific and Technical EC EchoResearch Cancelation EC European Commission Ec/Nt Energy per Chip to Total Noise Ratio ECA Electronic Component Assembly ECA European Congress on Acoustics ECAM Electronic Centralised Aircarft Monitoring ECC Electrochemical Concentration Cell ECCM Electronic Counter Counter Measures ECD Engineering Change Decision ECDT Engineering Career Development Team (IEEE) ECE Economic Commission of Europe (UN-Fachorganisation) ECES Electronic Countermeasures Environment Simulator ECFA European Committee for Future Accelerators ECFRN European Consulting Forum for Research Networking ECI Error Cause Identification ECL Emitter Coupled Logic ECM Error Covariance Martix ECM Executive Card Manager ECM Electronic Counter Measures ECM Entitlement Control Message ECM European Crystallographic Meeting ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association ECMA European Computers Manufacturers Association ECMP Equal Cost Multipath (Telekommunikation) ECMWF European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (= EZMW) ECO Engineering Change Order ECOC European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication ECOLE European Collaborative Open Learning Environment ECOPS European Committee on Ocean and Polar Sciences ECOSA European Conference on Optical Systems and Applications ECOSAE European Consumer Safety Organisation ECP Engine Change Proposal ECP Eligible Constellation Point ECR Engineering Change Request ECR Environmental Compliance and Restoration ECS Enviromental Control System ECSD Enhanced Circuit Switched Data (Telekommunikation) ECT Explicit Call Tranfer (Telekommunikation) ECTS European [Community Course] Credit Transfer Scheme (or: System) ECU Electrical Control Unit ECU Environmental Control Unit ECU European Currency Unit ECU European Currency Unit ECV Estimated Constellation Value ECVAM European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (Bologna, Italien) ED Equalizing Device ED Erektile Dysfunktion ED/IR Electro-Optical Infra-Red EDA Electronic Design Automation EDA Engineering Design Activities (EC) EDC Electronic Diesel Control (Kfz) EDDO European Design and Development Objective EDELWEISS Expérience pour Détecter les WIMPs en Site Souterrain EDFA Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (Glasfaser) EDGE Enhanced Data Global System for Mobilcommunication (Global System EDGE EnhancedMobile) Evolution Datarate(s) for GSM Evolution (Telekommunikation) EDI Electronic Data (or: Document) Interchange EDI Electronic Data Interchange EDI Engineer Design Test EDIF Electronic Design Interchange Format EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport EDL Edit Decision List EDL Electronic Document Library EDL Equipment Deviation List EDM Electric Dipole Moment (Elementarteilchenphysik) EDM Electrical Discharge Machining EDNA European Data Network Agency EDP Electronic Data Processing EDP Event Delivery Protocol EDP Event Detection Point EDPI Engine Driven Pump Inlet EDS Electronic Differential System (Kfz) EDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer (Cambridge University, 1949) EDT Elektrodynamisches Tether-System EDT Efficient Decoding Technique EDTA Ethylendiamintetraacetat EDTA EthyleneDiamineTetraAcetic (chemical cleaning and decontamination) edu [Educational Organization] (Internet, USA) EDV Elektronische Datenverarbeitung EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (University of Pennsylvania, EE Equipment1950) Engineering (TC im ETSI) EE Estimation Error EEA European Environmental Agency EEC European Economic Community EECONET European Ecological Network (Naturschutz) EEF Erleichterung für Existentzgründungen aus Forschungseinrichtungen (Fond) EEG Elektroenzephalogramm (-graphie) EEIG European Economic Interest Group (in der EU) EELS Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy EEM Electronic Engine Management (Kfz) EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EEPROM Electricaly Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EEROM Electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory EESS Earth Exploration Satellite Service EET Energy Efficient Transport (Flugzeug) EET Estimated Elapsed Time EF Expedite Forwarding EF Expedited Forwarding (Telekommunikation) EFA Equipment Failure Analysis EFA European Fighter Aircraft EFC Ejector Flow Control Valve EFC(S) Electonic Fuel Control (System) EFD Event Forwarding Discriminator (Telekommunikation) EFDA Fusionstechnik-Forschungsinstitut EFIS Elecronic Flight Instrument System EFM Ethernet in First Mile (Telekommunikation) EFR Enhanced Full Rate (Vocoder) EFTA European Free Trade Association (N, S, SF, IS, CH, A, FL) EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGA Entwicklungsgesellschaft Adlershof EGF Epidermal Growth Factor eGK elektronische Gesundheitskarte EGK Extended Gate Keeper (Telekommunikation) EGM Extraordinary General Meeting EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (or: Service) EGO European(Satellitennavigation) Gravitational Observatory (Pisa, Italien) EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol (Telekommunikation) EGPRS Enhanced GPRS EGRET Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope EGrlE Ethylen Glycol Monomethyl Ether EGS European Geophysical Society EGT European Geographical Technologies EGT Exhaust Gas Temperature EGW Edge Gateway EHB Elly Hölterhoff-Böcking-Stiftung EHC European Helicopter Cooperation EHEC enterohämorrhagische Escherichia coli EHF Extra High Frequency (30 - 300 GHz) EHP Equivalent Horsepower EI Electron Impact (Massenspektrometer) EI Engineering Information (Datenbank, Westbury, NY, USA) EI Equiment Identity EI Event Information EIA Electronics Industries Association EIA Energy Information Administration EIB European Installation Bus EIB European Investment Bank EIBA European Installation Bus Association EIC Euro Info Centre EICTA European Information and Communication Technology Industry Association EID Electronic Identification of Containers EIR Excessive Information Rate (Telekommunikation) EIRO European Intergovernmental Research Organisations EIRP Effective (or: Equivalent) Isotropic Radiated Power (Satelliten) EIRP equivalent isotropically radiated power EIS Environmental Impact Statement EIS Executive Information Service (Telekommunikation) EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture EISEG European In Service Goals EISL Effektive isotrope Strahlungsleistung EISS Europäisches Institut für Systemsicherheit EIT Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, elektromagnetisch induzierte EIT ElektrischeTransparenz Impedanz-Tomographie EIT Event Information Table (Telekommunikation) EIT Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (an Bord von SOHO) EITC European Information Technology Conference EITO European Information Technology Observatory EJ Emergency Jettison EJB Enterprie Java Beans (Telekommunikation) EJMC EUROBALL Joint Management Committee EKA Expositions-Äquivalent für krebserzeugende Arbeitsstoffe EKG Elektrokardiogramm (-graphie) EKGS Europäische Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl EKS [Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Systeme der Kommunikationstechnik (München) EKV siehe VDI-EKV EL Echo Loss (Telekommunikation) EL Electroluminescence, Elektrolumineszenz EL Elektroluminescence ELBE Elektronenbeschleuniger hoher Brillanz und geringer Emittanz (FZR, ELDO EuropeanRossendorf) Launcher Development Organization (Raumfahrt) ELEANNE Efficient Learning Algorithm for Neural Networks ELF Extremely Low Frequency ELF Extremely Low Frequency (0,3 - 3 kHz) ELFE Electron Laboratory for Europe ELFICOM Elektronische Fachinformation und Kommunikation ELI Eurocell Library and Interfaces ELINT Electronic Intelligence ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ELITE European Laboratory for Intelligent Techniques Engineering (Aachen) ELM Element Layer Management (Telekommunikation) ELM Event and Log Management (Telekommunikation) ELMF European Large Magnetic Field Facility ELN Electronic Lab Notebook ELO Electric Light Orchestra ELOG Epitaxially Laterally Overgrown ELS (-Modell) nach Olin Eggen, Donald Lynden-Bell und Allan Sandage ELS Electrincai(Astronomie) System ELSA Elektron-Stretcher-Anlage ELSI Ethical, Legal, Social Issues ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter ELTAS Elevated Target Acquisition System EM Electromagnetic EM Emission EM Equalizing Method EM Error Multiplication EM Event Message EM External Memory E-Mail Electronic Mail E-MAN Ethernet Metropolitan Area Network (Telekommunikation) EMBASSI Elektronische Multimediale Bedien- und Service-Assistenz EMBI European Molecular Biology Laboratory (Heidelberg) EMBL Europäisches Molkularbiologisches Laboratorium (Heidelberg) EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility (= EMV) EMC Electromagnetic Compliance EMC European Muon Collaboration emc Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMCON Emmission Control EMD Engineering Metal Drawing EME Electro Magnetic Effects EMERG Emergency EMF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) EMF Electromagnetic Field EMF European Multimedia Forum EMG Elektromyogramm EMHS Engine Health Monitoring System EMI Electromagnetic Interference EMI Electromagnetic Interference EMI Electromagnetic Interference EMI Ernst-Mach-Institut (Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik, Freiburg) EMIS The European Mathematical Information Service EMITL Electromatnetics is the law EML Element Management Layer (Telekommunikation) EML European Media Laboratory (Heidelberg) EMM Entitlement Management Message EMM Expanded Memory Management EMM Extended Memory Management EMMADS Electronic Master Monitor Advisory Display System EMMI ESA Multi-Mode Instrument EMP Electro Magnetic Pulse EMP Electromagnetic Pulse EMPA Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt (Dübendorf, CH) EMPD [International Conference on] Energy Management and Power Delivery EMPS European Mobility Scheme for Physics Students (EPS) EMR Electromagnetic Relay EMR Electron Magnetic Resonance EMR Emergency Radio EMS Electrified Monorail System EMS Electro Magnetic Storm EMS Electromagnetic Susceptibility EMS Element Management System (Internet) EMS Element Managing System EMS Emergency Medical Service EMS Engineering Management System EMS European Mathematical Society EMS Extended Memory System EMSL Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (PNNL, USA) EMV Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (= EMC) EMVG Gesetz über die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Geräten EN Europa-Norm, Europäische Norm (CENELEC) EN European Norm ENAC European Network and Applications Center ENF Equivalent Noise Floor (Telekommunikation) ENI Ethernet Network Interface (Telekommunikation) ENI European Neuroscience Institute ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1945) ENO Essentially Non-Oscillatory (numerische Rechenverfahren) ENS Ecole Normale Supérieure (Paris) ENSO El Niño Southern Oscillation (Klima) ENT Ear, Nose and Throat (= HNO) ENTIRE European Network on Transport Innovation for the Rational Use of Energy ENTRANCE Energy Savings in Transport through Innovation in the Cities of Europe ENV Effective Noise Variance ENVI Environment for Visualizing Images ENVISAT Europäischer Umweltsatellit, ab 1.3.2002 ENX European Network Exchange (Telekommunikation) EO Electro-Optic EO Electro-Optical (Effects) EOA Electro-optical Amplifier EOAE evozierte otoakustische Emissionen EOB Electronic Order of Battle EOBT Expected Off Block Time EOD Explosive Ordnance Disposal EOF Empirical Orthogonal Function EOF End of File EOG Elektrooculogramm EOH Equivalent Offset Hinge (rotor parameter) EOQ Economic Order Quantity EOR Explosive Ordnance Reconnaissance EORTC European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EOS Earth Observing System (or: Satellite) (NASA) EOS Electrical Overstress EOS Ethernet over SONET EOS European Optical Society EOSDIS Earth Observing System Data Information System EOSM Electro Optical Support Measures EOT Element on Time EOT Energy Optimized Tyre EOTC European Organization for Testing and Certification EOTD Enhanced Observed Time Difference (Telekommunikation) E-OTDR Extended Optical Time Domain Reflectometry EP Error Prediction EP Europäisches Parlament EP European Patent ... EP Error Propagation EP Error Propagation EPA Environmental Protection Agency (in vielen Ländern) EPA Europäisches Patantamt (München) EPAD Electronically Programmable Analog Device EPAS Electronic Power Assisted Steering (Kfz) EPC Electronic Power Conditioner EPC European Patent Convention (law, s. EPÜ) EPFD Equivalent Power Flux Density (Telekommunikation) EPFL Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPG Eastern Pacific Investigations of Climate EPG Electronic Program Guide EPG Electronic Program(ming) Guide (Digital broadcast) EPI Echo Planar Imaging (MRI) EPI Effective Parse Identification EPIC European Photon Imaging Camera (XMM) EPL Europhysics Letters EPLD Electrically Programmable Logical Device EPNL Effective Perceived Noise Level EPO European Patent Office (München) EPO European Production Objective EPON Ethernet Passive Optical Network (Telekommunikation) EPOS European PTT Open Learning Service EPR Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(-Paradoxon) EPR Emergency Power Rating (30 sec OEI) EPR Engineering Part Release EPRINT Electronic Print Server for Research Information on Natural Science and EPROM ErasableTechnology Programmable Read-Only Memory EPS (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) EPS Elektropneumatische Schaltung (Kfz) EPS Emergency Power System EPS Encapsulated Postscript EPS Eumetsat Polar System EPS European Physical Society EPSRC Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) EPU Electrical Power Unit EPU End-of-Pipe-Umweltschutz EPU External Power Unit EPÜ Europäisches Patentübereinkommen (law, s. EPC) EQ Equalizer EQ Equation EQA Equipment Quality Analysis EQEC European Quantum Electronics Conference eQtv Ethernet-Based Qualification TV (?) ER Estimated Reliability ER Edge Router (Telekommunikation) ER Extinction Ratio ERA Eigensystem Realization Algorithm ERA European Research Area ERASMUS European Community Action Scheme for the Mobiliy of University Students ERATO Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology Program (JRDC) ERC European Research Council ERCOFTAC European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combustion ERDA US Energy Research and Development Administration ERES ESA Rams Expert System (Software) ERF Electrorheological Fluid ERGO European Research Gateways On-Line ERLE Echo Return Loss Enhancement ERM Earth Resource Mapping ERNE Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron Experiment (an Bord von ERO EuropeanSOHO) Research Office (der US Army, in London) EROS Earth Resources Observation System ERP European Recovery Program ERP Energy Resource Planning ERP Enterprise Resource Planning ERP Enterprise Resource Planning E-RP Engine Output RPM ERS European Remote Sensing Satellite ERSI Environment and Remote Sensing Institute (Harare, Simbabwe) ERT European Round Table ERT External Review Committee ERV Earth Return Vehicle (bemannte Raumfahrt) ES Emergency Status ES Engine System ES Equalizing Structure ES Expert System ES Estimation Schemes ESA/ASE European Space Agency ESAU Electronic Subscriber Access Unit (Telekommunikation) ESB Environmental Specimen Bank ESCA Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis ESCA European Speech Communication Association ESCON Enterprise Systems Connections (Telekommunikation) ESCU Enhanced Services Control Unit (Telekommunikation) ESD Electro Static Discharger ESD Electrostatic Discharge ESD Expert System Development ESDA Electronic Systems Design Automation ESF EUREKA Software Factory ESF European Science Foundation (seit 1974) ESFC Equivalent Specific Fuel Consumpiton ESG Evangelische Studierenden-Gemeinde ESHP Equivalent Shaft Horsepower ESI Elektronenspray-Ionisation ESK [Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Systeme der Kommunikationstechnik ESL ESA Simulation Language (Software) ES-Laser Eckige-Schraube-Laser ESM Electronic Support Measures ESM Electronic Surveillance Measures E-SMF Enhanced SMF ESO ESSI Service Organization ESO European Southern Observatory, Europäische Organisation für astronomische ESO EuropeanForschung Standard in der südlichen Organization Hemisphäre (Garching) ESOC European Space Operations Centre (Darmstadt) ESOFTA Embedded Software Association ESONE (Committee for) European Studies on Norms for Electronics ESP Electronic Stability Program, elektronisches Stabilitätsprogramm (Kfz) ESP Engineering Support Program ESP Extrasensory Perception ESPCI Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris ESPI Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry ESPRIT European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information ESR ElectricalTechnology Substitution Radiometer ESR Electron Spin Resonance, Elektronenspinresonanz ESR Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ESR European Search Report ESR European Staff Requirement ESR Experimentier-Speicher-Ring (bei der GSI, Darmstadt) ESRF European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, Frankreich) ESRIN European Space Research Institute ESRO European Space Research Organization ESS Essentail ESS Essential Bus ESS European Spallation Source (Jülich) ESSI European Software and Systems Initiative ESSS External Store Support System EST Eastern Standard Time (Zeitzone, USA, GMT-5) EST estimate, estimated EST European Staff Target EST Expressed Sequence Tags (Genetik) ESTA European Science and Technology Assembly ESTB EGNOS System Test Bed ESTEC European Space Research and Technology Centre (Noordwijk, NL) ESTI European Telecommunications Standards Institute ESTO European Science and Technology Observatory (EC) ET Environment Temperature ET Expert Team ETA Estimated Time of Arrival ETACS European Total Access Communication System ETAI European Technology Assessment Infrastructue (EC) ETAN European Technology Assessment Network (EC) ETANN Electrically Trainable Artificial Neural Network ETC Establish Temporary Connection ETC Executable Test Case (Telekommunikation) ETDM Electric(al) (or: Electronic) Time Division Multiplexing (optische ETE Estimated-Time-EnrouteTelekommunikation) Betwenn Non-Acitve Waypoint Pair at Present ETECAL ElectronicallyGrounds Speed Tunable External Cavity Laser Diode ETG European Tripartite Group ETH Ethernet ETH(Z) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Zürich) ETI Electrotechnology Industry Database ETI European Teraflops Initiative ETI Elapsed Time Indicator ETO European Telework Online ETS Educational Testing Service (Princeton, NJ, USA) ETS Executable Test Suite (Telekommunikation) ETS Estimated Transmit Symbols ETS Estimated Transmit Stream ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute (seit 1988) ETW Europäischer Transschall-Windkanal (Köln) EU European Union; Europäische Union EUCAS [Europäische Konferenz zur Angewandten Supraleitung] EUCOR Europäische Konföderation der Oberrheinischen Universitäten EUNET European Unix Network EUPEN European Physics Education Network (EPS) EUPRO European Union of Physics Research Organizations EURAB European Research Advisory Board EURASIP European Association for Signal Processing EURATOM European Atomic Energy Community EURECA European Retrievable Carrier (europäisches Weltraumlabor) EUREKA European Research Coordination Agency Eurocontrol (Europäische Organisation für die Sicherheit im Flugverkehr) EUROGI European Umbrella Organization for Geo Information EuroHORCs European Union Research Organisations - Heads of Research Councils EUROMAR (Überwachung und Schutz der europäischen Meere) EUROMAT European Congress on Advanced Materials and Processes Euromech European Mechanics Colloquium EUROMET European Collaboration on Measurement Standards, European Metrology EUROSCIENCE AOrganization European Association for the Promotion of Science and Technology EUROSOLAR Europäische Vereinigung für Erneuerbare Energien# EUROTRAC Erfassung von Schadstoffen in der Troposphäre EUT Equipment Under Test Eutelsat European Telecommunications Satellite Organization EUV Extremes Ultraviolett (.lambda. .le. 912 Å, Lyman-Kante) EUVE Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (Satellit) EUVL EUV-Lithographie EV Eigen Vector EV Error Vector EVA Economic Value Add E-VIB Engine-Vibration EVM Error Vector Magnitude (Telekommunikation) EVOH Ethylenvinylalkohol-Copolymer EVP Electro Voice Phenomena EVPR External Virtual Private Router EVR Eigenvalue Ratio EVS Energieversorgungssystem (Satellit) EVU Energieversorgungsunternehmen (früher: EW ElectronicElektrizitätsversorgungsunternehmen) Warfare EWB Einwegbehälter EWG Expert Working Group EWR Europäischer Wirtschaftsraum EWSD Electronic Warning and System Display EWSK East-West Station Keeping (Satelliten) EWTF East-West Task Force (EPS) EWvK Entwicklungsgesellschaft für die Wiederverwendung von Kunststoffen EXAFS Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Excimer Excited Dimer (Laser) EXE (Dateinamenerweiterung: ausführbares Programm) EXH Exhaust EXP Experimental EXPY Expressway (US Mail) EXT Extension EXT External EXT Extinguischer ExWoSt Experimenteller Wohnungs- und Städtebau EZfM Europäisches Zentrum für Medienkompetenz (Marl) EZMW Europäisches Zentrum für mittelfristige Wettervorhersage (= ECMWF) EZN Erfinderzentrum Norddeutschland EZRT [Fraunhofer-] Entwicklungszentrum Röntgentechnik F F.A.S. Farbbild-Austast-Signal F.O.B. Free Alongside Ship (Handelsverkehr) F.O.R. Free on Board (Handelsverkehr) F/W Free on Rail (Handelsverkehr) FA Fachausschuss FA Firewall FA Foreign Agent FA Frequency Allocation FA Functional Analysis Fa. Failure Analysis FAA Federal Aviation Association Administration FAA Firma FAB Federal Aviation Administration (USA) FAB Final Absolute Business FAC Fast Atom Bombardment (Massenspektrometer) FACA Forward Air Controller FACET Federal Advisory Committee Act (USA, 1972) FACH Forward Access Channel FAD Future Airborne Communications Equipment and Technology FADEC Function Access Domain (Telekommunikation) FADEC Full Authority Digiatal Electronic Control FAE Full Authority Digital Engine Control FAEST Fuel-Air-Explosiv FAF Fast A Posteriori Error Sequential Technique (Algorithmus) FAIFC Final Approach Fix FAL Facilitation of International Air Transport FAL Fast Algorithms in Feedback Control (Algorithmus) FAMOS Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft (Braunschweig) FANPAC flexible automatisierte Montagesysteme FAO Fan Noise Prediction and Control (EU-Forschungsprojekt) FAPS Food and Agriculture Organization (UN) FAQ [Lehrstuhl für] Fertigungsautomatisierung und Produktionssystematik FAR Frequently(Universität Asked Erlangen-Nürnberg) Questions FAS Facility Associated Signaling (Telekommunikation) FAS Fatalcoholsulfate FAS Federal Aviation Regulations FAS Federation of American Scientists (seit 1945, gegen Atomwaffen) FAS Frame Alignment Signal FASE Federation of the Acoustical Societies of Europe FASPIS Fast Algorithms Secondary Path Integration Scheme (Algorithmus) FAST Fast Auroral Snapshot (Satellite, USA) FAST Forecasting and Assessment in the Field of Science and Technology FAT File Allocation Table FATSS Fachausschuss Technischer Schall- und Schwingungsschutz (in der DEGA) FAU Florida Atlantic University FAU Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (Nürnberg) FAW Flexible Automatisierte Waferproduktion FAX Facsimile, Faksimile FAZ Frankfurt Allgemein Zeitung (newspaper) FB Fachbereich FB Fine Business FB Function Block (Telekommunikation) FBA Fair Buffer Allocation (Telekommunikation) FBAS Farbbild-Austast-Synchron-Signal FBC Flow Based Charging FBG Fiber Bragg Grating (Glasfaser) fBGF Fibroblast Growth Factor FBH Ferdinand-Braun-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik (Berlin) FBL Flight By Light FBNML Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory (MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA) FBP Fast Back Propagation (Algorithmus) FBR Fachbereichsrat FBW Fly by Wire (Flugzeugsteuerung) FBW Forschungsberichte Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Datenbank) FBW Fractional Bandwidth FC Fiber Connection FC Fire Control FC Forecast center FC Fuel Cell (= BZ, Brennstoffzelle) FC Functional Component FCA Fixed Capacity Agreement (Telekommunikation) FCA Functional Configuration Audit FCAPS Fault Configuration, Accounting, Performance and Security FCC Federal Communication(s) Commission (USA) FCC Flight Control Computer FCC Federal Communications Commission (USA) FCCC Framework Convention on Climate Change (UN) FCCSET Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and Technology (USA) FCD Floating Car Data (für Verkehrslenkungssystem) FCF Forward Cabin Floor FCI Furnisch Charging Information FCKW Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff FCP Flight Control Panel FCP Flight Control Processor FCR Facility Capability Report FCS Flight Control System FCS Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy FCS Frame Check Sequence (Telekommunikation) FCT Fixed Cellular Terminal (Telekommunikation) FCT Functional Charts ? FD Flight Director FD Functional Organigram FDA Food and Drug Administration (USA) FDAU Flight Data Axquisation Unit FDC Floppy-Disk-Controller FDD Frequency Division Duplex (Telekommunikation) FDD Frequency Domain Decomposition FDDI Fiber Distributed (or: Digital) Data Interface FDEM Frequency Dependent Electromagnetic Sensor FDIP Fieldbus Device Implementation Package FDL Fiber Delay Line FDL Flight Dynamics Laboratory FDM Finite Difference Method FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access FDMA Frequency Division Multiplex FDO Flight Deck Officer FDP Failure Detection Probability FDP Freie Demokratische Partei FDR Final Design Report FDRQ Floppycontroller-Data-Request FDS Frequency Domain Spreading FDS Flight Direction System FDT Fieldbus Device Tool FE Fast Ethernet (Telekommunikation) FE Ferroelectric Fe Ferrum, Iron FEA Field Emitter Array (Bildwandler) FEA Front End Analysis FEAT Fusion Energy Advanced Tokamak (feat auch engl. "Meisterstück'') FEBA Forward Edge of the Battle Area FEC Fest-Elektrolyt-Coulometrie FEC Forward Error-Correction (Datenübertragung) FEC Forwarding Equivalence Class (Telekommunikation) FECC Forward Error Correcting Code (Telekommunikation) FED Field-Emission Display FED Forum on Education (APS) FED Front End Decoder FEG Field Emission Gun FEIS Final Environmental Impact Statement FEL Free Electron Laser, Freie-Elektronen-Laser FELASOFI Federation of Latin American Physical Societies FELI Free Electron Laser Research Institute (Osaka, Japan) FEM Finite Element Method FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency (USA) FEP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Elektronenstrahl- und Plasmaphysik FER Frame Erasure Rate (Telekommunikation) FER Fusion Experimental Reactor (Naka, Japan) FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (USA) FERP Faculty Early Retirement Program (California State University) FESAC Fusion Energy Science Advisory Committee (DoE, USA) FET Field Effect Transistor, Feldeffekttransistor FE-TEM Field Emission TEM FEV Foreververb, for ever reverb FEWS Fibre-Optic Evanescent Wave Sensing FF First Flight FF Foundation Fieldbus FF&P Falsification, Fabrication of Results, Plagiarism (Fälschung und Täuschung in FFCC Forwardder Wissenschaft) Facing Crew Cockpit FFCC Forward Facing Crew Concept FFCS Fire-Flight-Control System FFR&DC Federally Funded Research and Development Centers FFT Fast Fourier Transform FFT Fixed Form Text FFTB Final Focus Test Beam (SLAC) FG Fachgremium (z. B. DPG) FG Fristgesuch (-> RET) FGDC Federal Geographic Data Committeee FGF Fibroblast Growth Factor, Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor FGK Forschungsgesellschaft Kunststoffe FGM Functionally Gradient Material (Keramik/Metall) FGP Full Gyro Panel FGSA Forum on Graduate Student Affairs (APS) FGTS Fourth Generation Telecommunication System FH Fachhochschule FH Flight Hours FhAZ Fraunhofer-Anwendungszentrum FHD Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (Waferfertigung) FhG Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft FhM Fraunhofer-Management-Gesellschaft mbH FHP Forum on History of Physics (APS) FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (Telekommunikation) FHT Fachhochschule für Technik (Esslingen) FHT Fast Hartley Transform FHTW Fachhochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft (Berlin) FhV-.mu.E Fraunhofer-Verbund Mikroelektronik FI Flight Idle FI Fuel Injected FIA Federacion Iberoamericana de Acustica FIA Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (Genf, Schweiz) FIA Fibreoptic Industry Association (UK) FIA Fließinjektionsanlage (Mikrosystemtechnik) FIAP Forum on Industrial and Applied Physics (APS, USA) FIB Focused Ion Beam FIB Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Institut für Experimentelle Biologie und Medizin FIB Forwarding Information Base FIBAA Foundation for International Business Administration Accredititation FIBS First International Backgammon Server (Rechnernetz) FIC Flight information center FICON Fiber Channel Connection (optische Telekommunikation) FID Flammen-Ionisations-Detektion FIDO Field Integrated Design & Operations Rover (NASA, für Marslandemission) FIEC [Verband der europäischen Bauindustrie, International European Construction FIFO FirstAssociation] In, First Out FIFO First In/First Out FIG Facility for Interactive Generation of Graphics (UNIX) FIGE Forschungsinstitut für Geräusche und Erschütterungen (Herzogenrath (oder: FiNut FrauenAachen)) in Naturwissenschaft und Technik FIP Fédération Internationale de Philatélie FIP Forum on International Physics (APS) FiPS Früheinstieg ins Physikstudium FIR Far-Infrared FIR Field Intelligence Report FIR Finite Impulse Response FIR Flight information region FIR For Infrared FIRE Fusion-Ignition Research Experiment (Alternative zu ITER, USA) FIRST Far Infrared and Submillimetre Telescope (IR-Satellit) FIRST Fraunhofer-Institut für Rechnerarchitektur und Softwaretechnik (Berlin) FIS Flight information service FIS Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg der SNG (Frankfurt/M) FISCO Fieldbus Intrinsically Safe Concept FISH Fluoreszenz-in-situ-Hybridisierung FIT Failure Identification Table FIT Failures in Thousands of Hours FIT Failures in Time (Kommunikation) FiT Frauen in der Technik e.V. FIT Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnik (St. Augustin) FITL Fibre In The Loop FITS [NASA-endorsed] Flexible Image Transport System FIZ Fachinformationszentrum (Karlsruhe) FIZCH Fachinformationszentrum Chemie (Berlin) FIZKA FIZ Karlsruhe, Gesellschaft für wissenschaftlich-technische Information FJC Freely(Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen) Jointed Chain (Polymerphysik) FKE Forschungsinstitut für Kinderernährung (Dortmund) FKW Fluorkohlenwasserstoff (ohne Chlor) FL Flight level FL Floor (US Mail) FL Florida (US-Staat) FL Fuzzy Logic FLAG Fibre Link Around the Globe (Glasfaser-Kabel UK-Europa-Nordafrika-Indien- FLC FerroelectricJapan) Liquid Crystal FLC Flic, Dateiendung für Video Format FLC Frequency Layer Convergence FLCD FLC Display FLCK First Line Check Flight FLI Flight information Publication FLIC Flexible Interdigital Cuff Electrode FLIP Forward Looking Infrared FLIR Flight Manual FLL Fibre in the Local Loop (opt. Datenübertragung) FLM Forward Line Of Own Troops FLOT Forward-Looking-Radar FLR Frequenzmodulation FM Facilities Management (Telekommunikation) FM Fan Maker FM Flexible Manufacturing Cell FM Frequency Modulation, Frequenzmodulation FM-7 DX-7 Successor software FMC Failure Modes and Effects Analysis FMC Fixed-Mobile Convergence (Telekommunikation) FMCW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (Radar) FM-CW Frequency Modulated - Continuous Wave FMD Fluorescent Multilayer Disk (optischer Datenspeicher) FMD Forward Multiplicity Detector (CERN) FMEA Failure Modes and Effects Analysis FMEA Fehlermöglichkeits- und Einflussanalyse, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMECA Failure Modes and Effects Criticality Analysis FMI Fluorescent Microthermiographic Imaging FMP Flow Management Protocol (Telekommunikation) FMP Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (Berlin) FMS Flight Management System FMS Flight Manamgent System FMS Flight Manual Supplement Format FMS Foreign Military Sales FMT Format FNAL Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory FNC Federal Networking Council (Datennetze, USA) FNCP Flight Navigation Control Panel fNMR Functional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance FNSG Flight Navigation Symbol Generator FNTF Fast Newton Transversal Filter FOC Final Operation Clearance FOC Full Operational Clearance FOC Form of Coding FOCS Fiber-Optic Current Sensor FOCS Field of Communication System FOCS Focus FOD Foreign Object Damage FOEI Friends of the Earth International (in Deutschland: BUND) FOG Fiber Optic Gyro FOKUS Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme (Berlin) FOLANT Focusing of Laser Radiation in the Nearfield of a Tip (Nanotechnologie) FOMA Freedom of Multimedia Access (Telekommunikation) FONAS Forschungsverbund Naturwissenschaft, Abrüstung und internationale FOR FieldSicherheit of Regard FORKAT BMFT-Förderungskatalog FORSUPRA Forschungsverbund Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter (Bayern) Fortran Formula Translator FOS Faseroptischer Sensor FOS Finnish Optical Society FOS Frontier of Science (interdisziplinäre internationale Symposien für FOT FrequencyJungwissenschaftler) of optimum Transmission FOTA Flat Optical Element Technology and Applications FOV Field if View FOV Field of View (Teleskop) FÖV Forschungsinstitut für Öffentliche Verwaltung (Speyer) FOX Fiber Optic Extender (optische Telekommunikation) FP Fixed Part (z. B. Basestation, DECT) FP Frame Protocol (Telekommunikation) FPA Flat Pack Array FPA Focal Plane Array FPA Function Point Analysis FPD Flat Panel Display FPDS Feasibility/Pre-Definition-Study FPF Fluorprotein foam FPG Falling Pulse Generator (Circuit) (see also RPG; LPG, TPG) FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array (Computer) FPL Filed flight plan FPLMTS Future Public and Land Mobile Telecommunication System FPM Feet per Minute FPS Forum on Physics and Society (APS) FPS Frames per Second FPT Fachbereichstag Physikalische Technik FPT Fast Polynomial Transform FPU [Enrico] Fermi-[John] Pasta-[Stanislaw] Ulam (nichtlineares FQDN FullySchwingungssystem) Qualified Domain Name FQGC(S] Fuel Quantity Gauging and Control (System) Text Unit FQHE Fractional Quantum Hall Effect FQI Final Qualification Test FR Frame Relay (Datenübertragung) fr France FR Frankfurter Rundschau Fr. Frater FR/GL Frame and Guidelines FRA Frankfurt Main FRAD Frame Relay Access Device (Datennetz) FRAD Frame Relay Assembly-Disessembly (Datennetz) FRAM Ferroelectric Random Access Memory FrAM Fraunhofer-Arbeitsschutz-Managementsystem FRAMTEC Framework for Advanced Monitoring, Telemetry and Control FRC Fraunhofer Resource Center (Michigan, OH, USA) FRC-DE Fraunhofer Resource Center Delaware (Newark, DE, USA) FRD Functional Requirements Document FRF Frequency Response Function FRIEM Frater of the IEM FRISP Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme FRLS Fast Recursive Least Squares (Transversalfilter) FRM Forschungsreaktor München FRO For Quotation Revisable FRP Finger Reference Point Request FRT Fast Retrain Procedure FRT Form Forward Remote FRU Filter System FS Fachverband für Strahlenschutz e.V. FS File System FS Fire Support FS Founder Societies FS Fuel System FS Fuselage Station FS Filtering Stage FS Fixed Service FS&GS Flight Systems and Ground Support FS1R DX-7 Successor FSA Fixed Slot Allocation (Telekommunikation) FSAN Full Service Access Network (Telekommunikation) FSB Fasten Seat Belt FSC(FP) Flight Safety Critical (Failure Probability) FSCL Fire Support Coordination Line FSF Free Software Foundation FSG Fluorine-doped Silicate Glass FSII Fuel System Icing Inhibitor FSK Frequency Shift Keying (Modulation) FSO Free-Space Optical (communication) FSP Fachschaftsparlament FSR Fachschaftsrat FSR Free Spectral Range FSRV Fachschaftsräteversammlung FSS Fixed Satellite Service (or: System) FSS Fixed Satellite Service FST Fast Sine Transform FST Femtosekunden-Technologie FST Finite State Transducer (Sprachsynthese) FSU Former Soviet Union, frühere Sowjetunion FSU Friedrich-Schiller-Universität (Jena) FT Feet FTAM File Transfer, Access and Management FTAM File Transfer, Access and Management (Datennetz-Protokoll) FTD Fluorescent Tube Display FTDT finite difference time domain FTE Full Time Equivalent (Telekommunikation) FTF Fast Transversal Filter FTFL Fault Type Fault Location FTFL Flight Test Instrumentation FTI Fault Type Information FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry FTIR Frustrated Total Internel Reflection (Lichtmodulator) FTO Fuzz the Overridemayor FTO-BTO Fuzz the Overridemayor by the Overlord FTO-ITO Fuzz the Overridemayor in the Overload FTP File Transfer Protocol FTR Force Trim Release FTS Festprogrammierbarer Titel-Speicher FTS Fourier Transform Spectroscopy FTTA Fiber to the Area FTTB Fibre to the Building (Telefon, Glasfaser bis zum Haus) FTTC Fibre to the Curb (Telefon, Glasfaser bis zum Kabelverzweiger) FTTH Fibre to the Home (Telefon, Glasfaser bis ins Haus) FTTU Fiber to the User FTU Fortbildungszentrum für Technik und Umwelt (KfK, Karlsruhe) FTZ Fernmeldetechnisches Zentralamt (der Bundespost) FU Follow Up FuE Forschung und Entwicklung FUEG Förderung von Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgemeinschaftsvorhaben Ost FUNET Finland's(BMBF) University and Research Network (Rechnernetz) FUSE Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (Satellit) FUTOUR Förderung und Unterstützung technologieorientierter FV FachverbandUnternehmensgründungen (z. B. DPG) (BMBF) FV Flight Vector FVA Field Vector Array FVK faserverstärkte Kunststoffe FVM Finite Volume Method FVS-Stiftung Freiherr-vom-Stein- [und zugleich] Friedrich-von-Schiller-Stiftung (Hamburg) FW Field value FW Fire Wall (Telekommunikation) FW Firmware FW Framework III (Tabellenkalkulation, Datenbank, Textverarbeitung; FWA FixedDateiendung Wireless FW3) Access FWA Fixed Wireless Access FWD Fowarward FWD Front-Wheel Drive FWD Fully well done FWG Forschungsanstalt der Bundeswehr für Wasserschall und Geophysik (Kiel) FWHM Full(scherzhaft Width Half auch: Maximum Flachwassergesellschaft) (Fotofilm-Körnigkeit) FWHM Full Width Half Maxmimum (Halbwertsbreite) FWM Four Wave Mixing FXC Fiber Optical (or: Switch) Cross Connect (optische Telekommunikation) FXV Forward Flux Value FY Fiscal Year FY Fiscal Year FYI for your information FZR Forschungszentrum Rossendorf G Green = Alq3 mixed with 1 vol% of Coumarin6 G Guanin (DNA-Base) G G&L Groove And Land (Optical Recording) G. General G/S Glide Slope GA Global Area Ga Charging data collection I/F between a CDR transmitting Unit (e.g. GGSN or GA GeneticSGSN) and Algorithm a CDR receiving functionality (CGF) GA Georgia (US-Staat) GA Go Ahead GA Go Around GA Government Agencies GA Grouping Algorithm GAAM Gesellschaft für Analytik und atomspektroskopische Messtechnik GABA .gamma.-Aminobuttersäure GABI (deutsche "Schwester" der Human Genome Organization) GAC General Advisory Committee (AEC) GAEB Gemeinsamer Ausschuss Elektronik im Bauwesen GAF T.O. German Air Force Technical Order GAFA Internationale Gartenfachmesse (Köln) GAFOS German-American Symposia on Frontiers of Science GAG Georg-Agricola-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Geschichte der GAH GlucosamineNaturwissenschaften Hydrochloride und der (medicine, Technik e.V. cartilage) GAIA, Gaia Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics GALILEO (Europäisches Satelliten-Navigationssystem, im Aufbau) GALLEX Gallium-(Sonnen-Neutrino)-Experiment (Gran Sasso, Italien) GAM Generalized Additive Model (Regressionsverfahren) GAMESS General Atomic Electronic Structure Systems GAMM Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik GAMS Guide to Available Mathematics Software GAN Global Area Network (Datennetze) GANIL Grande Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (Frankreich) GAO General Accounting Office (USA) GAP Generic Access Profile (or: Protocol) GARS German Antarctic Receiving Station GARTEUR Group for Aeronautical Research and Technology in Europe GAS Gesellschaft für Angewandte Supraleitung (KfK, Karlsruhe) GAST Gemeinschaft Autofreier Schweizer Tourismusorte GAST Gemeinschaftsausschuss Strahlenforschung GAT General Air Traffic GAT Governmental Action Team GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GAUSS Galaktisches Ultraweitwinkel Schmidt System (Spacelab, GB GigabyteKugelspiegelkamera) GB Good Bye GB Great Britain GB Great Britain Gb IF/ between MSC and BSC GbE Gigabyte Ethernet GBF Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung (Braunschweig) GbR Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts GBS Göttinger Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft GC Gas Chromatography Gc I/F between GGSN and HLR GCA Ground Controlled Approach GCC General Communication Channel GCC Global Climate Coalition GCC Greatest Common Divisor (= ggT, größter gemeinsamer Teiler) G-CDR Gateway G-CDR Gateway General Packet Radio System Support Node - Call Detail Record GCF GSM Certification Forum GCI Ground Control Intercept GCMD Global Change Master Directory (NASA) GCOS [globales Klimaüberwachungsprogramm] GCR Group Call Register GCRA Generic Cell Rate Algorithm (Telekommunikation) GCS Generalized Communication System GCS Ground Control Station GCSR Grating-assisted codirectional Coupler with rear Sampled Reflector (tunable GCT Governmentlaser) Conducted Test GD I/F inter SMS-GMSC and SGSN, and inter SMS-IWMSC and SGSN GD God GD Good Detection GDCh Good Day GDCP Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker e.V. GDM Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Chemie und Physik GDMO Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik GDN Guidelines for Defining (or: the Definition) of Managed Objects GDNÄ Global Development Network GDNF Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte e.V. GDOS Glia-Derived Neurotrophic Factor GDP General Drawing Primitive GDP Graphics Device Operating System GDP Gross Domestic Product (Volkswirtschaft) GDS Guanosindiphosphat GdT German Air Defence Ground Environment GDV Gemeinschaftsausschuss der Technik GE Gesamtverband der deutschen Versicherungswirtschaft e.V. GE Gigabit Ethernet GE/FC Gigabit Ethernet Alliance GEA Gigabyte Ethernet / Fiberoptic Connection GEADGE German Military Flight Information Publication GEF Global Environment Facility (Umweltfonds, 1990) GefStoffV Gefahrstoff-Verordnung GEM Gas Electron Multiplier GEM Graphics Environment Manager GEMA Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungsrechte GEMILFLIP Glow Discharge Spectrometry GEMINGA Gemini Gamma-Quelle (Neutronenstern) GEMS Global Environment Monitoring System (Naturschutz) GEN Generator GENIUS Germanium Detectors in Liquid Nitrogen in an Underground Set Up GenMAPP Gene(Neutrinodetektor) MicroArray Pathway Profiler (Computerprogramm für genetische GEO [britisch-deutscherAnalyse) Gravitationswellendetektor] (Ruthe bei Hannover) GEO Geosynchronous (or: Geostationary) Earth Orbit GEOMAR Forschungszentrum für marine Geowissenschaften (Univ. Kiel) GERAN Enhanced Data Global System for Mobilcommunication Evolution Radio GERAN EnhancedAccess Network Data Global System Mobile Evolution Radio Access Network GERAN Global System Mobile/Enhanced Data Global Evolution Radio Access Network GERAN GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) GERAN GSM/EDGE RAN GESD Global Exhausting Seraching Detector GESIMA Geesthachter Simulationsmodell der Atmosphäre GESIS Gesellschaft sozialwissenschaftliche Infrastruktureinrichtungen (Mannheim) GETOL Ground Effect Take-Off and Landing GEUmbH Gesellschaft für Energieanwendung und Umwelttechnik mbH (Leipzig) GEW Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft GEZ Gebühreneinzugszentrale, abschaffen Gf I/F inter SGSN and EIR GFA Good Faith Approach GFC Glassfibre Composite GFDL Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA) GFE Government Furnished Equipment GFE Großforschungseinrichtung GFF Government Furnished Facilities GFGL Good Food Good Life GFI Government Furnished Information GFK Glasfaser-verstärkte Kunststoffe GFP Generic Framing Procedure (Telekommunikation) GFP Government Furnsihed Property GFP Green Fluorescent Protein GFP Generic Framing Procedure GFR Guaranteed Frame Rate (Telekommunikation) GFRP Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic GFS Gemeinsame Forschungsstelle (der EU in Petten, NL) GFSC Geophysical Forecast Subcenter GFSK Gaussian-Filtered Frequency Shift Keying GFZ Geoforschungszentrum (Potsdam) GGF Glial Growth Factor (Medikament, evtl. gegen MS) GGF Global Grid Forum GGM Greatest Common Multiple (ggV, größtes gemeinsames Vielfaches) GGSN Gateway General Packet Radio System Support Node GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node (Telekommunikation) GGT Gesellschaft für Gerontotechnik ggT größter gemeinsamer Teiler (= GCD) GGVS Gefahrgutverordnung Straße GGVS Gefahrgut-Verordnung Straße GHRS Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph GHZ Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(-Zustand) GI Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. GI Ground Idle Gi Ref Pnt inter GPRS and an ext PDN GIEM General of the IEM GIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) GIF German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development GIF Graphics Interchange Format (Datenkompression, Fa. CompuServe 1987) GigE Gigabit Ethernet GIMP GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMS Topical Group on Instruments and Measurement Science (APS) GIOD Globally Interconnected Object Databases Gips Giga-Instructions per Second GIPS Grosvenor International Property Services GIRL German Infrared Laboratory (Astrophysik, 1985) GIS Geo-Informationssystem, Geographic(al) Information System GISI Göttinger Informationssystem für Intensivmedizin und OP GISI Gruppo Imprese Strumentazione Italia (Association for Instrumentation, GIV GuardControl Interval and Automation Modules Companies) GIZ Giftinformationszentrum (Göttingen) GK Graduiertenkolleg GK Group Key GK Grundkurs GKM Group Key Management GKMP Group Key Management Protocol GKS Grafisches Kern-System GKSS [Forschungszentrum Geesthacht] gl genium loci GL Good Luck GL Ground Loop GL Guideline GLA Göttinger Linguistische Abhandlungen GLAD General Laser Analysis and Design GLAST Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope GLCM Ground-Launched Cruise Missile GLD Glad GLDV Gesellschaft für linguistische Datenverarbeitung GLF Grundlagenforschung GLIR Gunfire Locating Infrared System GLM General Linear Modelling GLOBIS Global Change and Biodiversity in Soils GLOBUS Generating Long-Term Options by Using Simulation GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System (Russland) GLP Good Laboratory Practice, gute Labor-Praxis GLS Gateway Location Server GLS Global Locating Sensing GLZ Generalized Linear Modelling GM General Motors GM Gross Mass GM Good Moring GMAG Topical Group on Magnetism and Its Applications (APS) GMax Gross Mass maximum GmbH Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung GMD Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung GMGO German(Bonn/Darmstadt/Berlin/St. Military Geophysical Augustin/Birlinghofen) Office GMGS German Military Geophysical Service GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation) GMM Global MultiMedia (Telekommunikation) GMM GPRS Mobility Management GMO Genetically Modified Organism GMPLS Generalized Multi Protocol Label Switching (Telekommunikation) GMR Giant Magnetoresistance GMR Ground Mapping Reader GMSC Gateway Mobile Services Switching Center GMSC Group Mobile Switching Center GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (Modulation) GMT Greenwich Mean Time GMX Global Mind Transmitter GN Good Night Gn I/F inter 2 GSNs within the same PLMN GNA Global Network Academy (Texas) GND Ground GNI Gigabit Ethernet Network Interface (Telekommunikation) GNIRS Gemini Near Infrared Spectrometer (USA) GNM Germanisches Nationalmuseum (Nürnberg) GNO Gallex Neutrino Observatory (INFN, Gran Sasso, Italien) GNOME GNU Object Model Environment GNP Gross National Product (= Bruttosozialprodukt) GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS2 Global Navigation Satellite System, 2nd generation GNU Gallium Neutrino Observatory (zuvor: GALLEX, Gran Sasso, Italien) GNU GNU is not UNIX GO Gründungsoffensive GO/NG Go / No Go GO/PO Geometrical Optics/Physical Optics GoB Good or Better GOLF Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies (an Bord von SOHO) GOMAC Government Microcircuit Applications Conference (USA) GOME Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (Fernerkundung, ERS 2, 1995) GOMOS Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Star (ENVISAT) GONG Global Oscillation Network Group (für Helioseismologie) GOR General Opeatinal Requirement GoS Grade of Service (Telekommunikation) GOTS Gesellschaft für Orthopädisch/Traumatologische Sportmedizin gov [Government] (Internet, USA) GP Glide Path GP Granite Plate Gp Group Gp I/F inter 2 GSNs in different PLMNs. The Gp I/F allows support of GPRS GPC GeneralNetServ Purposeacross areas Computer served by the co-operating GPRS PLMNs. GPCR G-Protein Coupled Receptor GPI Ground Point of Intercept GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus GPIP General Purpose Input/Output Interrupt Port GPL General (or: GNU) Public License (FSF) GPO Government Programme Office GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network (Telekommunikation) GPR Ground Penetrating Radar GPRS General Packet Radio Standard GPRS General Packet Radio System GPRS Global (or: General) Packet Radio Service (or: System) (Telekommunikation) GPS Gaussian Probability Slope GPS Global Positioning (System/Satellite) GPS Global Positioning System GPTE General Purpose Test Equipment GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System GR Gigabit Router (Internet) Gr I/F inter SGSN and HLR GRA Gamma Resonance Absorption GRAB Galactic Radiation and Background (US Aufklärungs-Satellit) grad gradient GRATE Generic Rules and Agent Model Test Bed Environment GRB Gamma-Ray Burst (Astrophysik) GRC Gordon Research Conference GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation GRIP Greenland Icecore Project GRK Graduiertenkolleg (DFG, seit 1990) GRM General Relationship Model GRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (Satellit) GRS Gamma-Ray Spectrometer GS Glide Slope GS Ground Speed GS Guaranteed Service Gs I/F inter SGSN and MSC/VLR GSA Global Suppliers Association (Telekommunikation) GSAG GOME Science Advisory Group GSC Group Security Controler GSCCM Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter (APS) GSE Ground Support Equipment GSE Group of Scientific Experts (Genfer Abrüstungskonferenz 1976) GSETT-1, -2, -3 GSE Technical Test I (1984), ~ II (1991), ~ III (1995) GSG Gesundheitsstrukturgesetz GSI Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt) GSI Group Security Intermediaries GSM Global System for Mobil communication (Global System Mobile) GSM Global System for Mobile Communication(s) (Telekommunikation) GSM global system mobile GSM Groupe Spéciale Mobile (Mobilfunk) GSMA GSM Association (Telekommunikation) GSMBE Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy GSMN GSM Node GSM-OTA global system mobile - over-the-air GSMS GPRS Short Message Service (Telekommunikation) GSMT Giant Segmented-Mirror Telescope (geplant) GSN Global Seismographic Network GSN GPRS Support Node GSNP Topical Group on Statistical and Nonlinear Physics (APS) GSO Geostationary Satellite Orbit GSTN General Switched Telefone Network GSW Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (Neutrinotheorie) GSZ Gaussian Spread Zone GT Gamow-Teller GTAP Gas Turbine Air Producer GTD Geometrical Theory of Diffraction GTE Ground Test Equipment GTF Ground Test Facility GTP General Packet Radio System Tunnelling Protocol GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol (Telekommunikation) GTP Guanosintriphosphat GTP-c GPRS Tunneling Protocol Control Plane (Telekommunikation) GTRI Georgia Tech Research Institute (USA) GTS Global Transmission Services (ISS) GTV Ground Test Vehicle GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (Eschborn) GU Guam (US Mail) GUD Gas- und Dampfturbinen (-Kraftwerke) GUESS General-Purpose Expert System Shell GUI Graphical User Interface GUID Global Unique Identifier (weltweites PC-Netz) GUL General User Licence GUNR Gun/Rockets GURL General User Radio Licence GUS Gemeinschaft unabhängiger Staaten (ehem. UdSSR) GUT Grand Unified Theory (theoretische Physik) GVD Group Velocity Dispersion (Leitungen) GVE Großvieheinheit (Normrind, Masse 500 kg) GVM Global Voice Mail (Telekommunikation) GVP Genesis Voice Protocol (Telekommunikation) GVPP Generic Visual Perception Processor GW Gateway (Telekommunikation) G-WiN Gigabit-Wissenschaftsnetz (geplant für 2000, bis 2,4 Gbit/s) GWT Gravitations Wave Transmission GWUP Gesellschaft für die wissenschaftliche Untersuchung von Parawissenschaften GY Good Year GZMB Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften H H&S Hub and Spoke H/C Helicopter HA Hash Algorithm HA Higher Authorities HA Home Agent HAA Height above aerodrome elevation HAARP High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program HAARP High Frequency Active Auroral Research Project HAC High Authority Control HAC Human Artificial Chromosome HAD Helium Abundance Detector (Galileo-Satellit 1989) HAD Hollow Cathode Activated Deposition (dünne Schichten) HAI Helicopter Association International HAL Hardware Abstraction Layer (Telekommunikation) HAL Height above landing area elevation HAQ Health Assessment Questionaire HARF Hyperstable Adaptive Recursive Filter HARP High-gain Avalanche Rushing Amorphous Photoconductor HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request HART Highway Addressable Receiver/Transmitter (Telekommunikation) HASASEM Haptisches Sensor-Aktor-System auf der Grundlage der Echtzeitelastographie HASYLAB Hamburgersowie von elektro- Synchrotronstrahlungs-Laboratorium und magnetorheologischen Materialien (bei DESY) HAT Height above touchdown zone elevation HATS Helicopter Advanced Tactical System HAV Hepatitis-A-Virus HAZOP Hazardous Analysis and Operability (Problemlösungsmethode) HB Helicopter Base HB Home Base HBA Headset Based Application (12Snap AG) HBA Host Bus Adapter HBCCO HgBa2Can-1CunO2n+2 (HTSL) HBCI Homebanking Computing Interface HBFG Hochschulbauförderungsgesetz HBFR High Flux Beam Reactor (Brookhaven, Long Island, NY, USA) HBT Hetero-Bipolartransistor, Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor HBV Hepatitis-B-Virus HCB Hexachlorbenzol HCF High Cycle fatigue HCH Hexachlorcyclohexan HCM Human Capital (and) Mobility (EU) HCMV Humanes Cytomegalovirus HCT Hematocrit HCTMCP Hexacyanotrimethylencyclopropanid HCV Hepatitis-C-Virus HD Harmonization Document (CENELEC) HD Hardware Decision HDA High-Density Amorphous (Ice) HDB3 High Density Bipolar 3 HDBR Hybrid Distributed Bragg Reflector (optische Telekommunikation) HDBT High Definition Broadcast Technology HDCAM [vom HDTV ageleitetes Bildaufzeichnungsformat] HDCL Hybrid Data Link Control Standard HDCS Hard Disk Controller Select HDD Head-down Display HDD Helmet Down Display HDDS Holographic Digital Data Storage HDF Hierarchical Data Format HDF Hubble Deep Field (Astrophysik) HDG Heading HDL Hardware Description Language HDL Hardware Description Layer HDL High Density Lipoproteins (medicine) HDL High-Density Lipoprotein HDL High-Density Liquid HDL High-Power Diode Laser HDLC High Level Data Link Control (Datenübertragung) HDML Handheld Device Markup Language HdO hinter dem Ohr (Hörgeräte) HDPE High Density Polyethylene HDRQ Harddiskcontroller-Data-Request HDSL High-Bit-Rate (or: High Speed) Digital Subscriber Line (or: Loop) HDTV High Definition Television (hochauf lösendes Fernsehen) HDU Helmet Display Unit High Explosive and Incendiary HE Hyperspace Energy HEAO High Energy Astrophysical Observatory HEC Header Error Control HEE Home Entertainment Equipment HEFC Higher Education Funding Council (UK) HEFCE Higher Education Funding Council for England HEI High Energie Impact HEI High Energy Laser HEL Helicopter Collision Avoidance Radar HELCAR Helicopter Transport HELCOM Helsinki Commission on Baltic Marine Protection HELO or HELOT Hazardous Effects of Radio Frequency HEMT High Electron Mobility Transistor HEP Hochenergiephysik, High-Energy Physics HEP Hochschulerneuerungsprogramm (neue Bundesländer) HEPAP High-Energy Physics Advisory Panel (USA) HEPnet High Energy Physics Network HEPP High Energy and Particle Physics Division (EPS) HER Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor HERA Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator, Hadron-Elektron-Ring-Anlage (DESY) HERF Helicopter Energy and Rotor Management System HERMES Hazard Effects of Radiation on Ordonance HERO HEROM Hazard Electro-magnetic Radiation to Onboard Material HERP Hazard Effects of Radiation on Personnel HERP Hazardous Effects of Radio Pulses HERV Humanes Endogenes Retrovirus HES High Energy Stereoscopic System (Gamma-Strahlen-Teleskop-Array, HES HomeNamibia) Electronic System HET Hobby-Eberly-Telescope (Davis Mountains, TX, USA) HETE High Energy Transient Explorer HETP Height Equivalent to One Theoretical Plate (Maß für Trennleistung eines HEU Highlychemischen Enriched Analysesystems, Uranium z.B. 20 µm bei Chromatographie) HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle HEW Half Energy Width (Teleskope) HEW Hamburgische Elektricitätswerke HF Heavyside Function HF High Frequency HF High Frequency (3 - 30 MHz) HF Human Factors (TC im ETSI) HF EMPOR High-Frequency EM Pollution Reducer HFB Hartree-Fock-Bogoljubow HFBR High Flux Beam Reactor (Brookhaven, Long Island, NY, USA) HFC Hybrid Fiber Co-axial HFC Hybrid Fibre Coax HFEA Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority HFF Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film (München) HFI Hostile Fire Indicator HFIR High Flux Isotope Reactor (ORNL) HFO Halbleiterwerk Frankfurt/Oder HFR High-Flux Reactor (GFS, Petten, NL) HFR Hybrid Fiber Radio HF-SSB High Frequency Single Side Band HG High Grade HGAC Human Genetic Advisory Commission HGB Hemoglobin HGC Hercules Graphics Card HGF Hermann von Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren HGL (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) HGS Growing Hemispherical Grains (semiconductor) HGS Human Genome Sciences HGÜ Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-Übertragung HGV Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehr (Schienenverkehr) HH Higher Heavens HHC Higher Harmonic Control HHCC Higher tactical air navigation HHG High Harmonic Generation (kurze Lichtimpulse) HHI Heinrich-Hertz-Institut für Nachrichtentechnik (Berlin, neuer Name) HHI Heinrich-Hertz-Institut für Schwingungsforschung (Berlin, alter Name) HHMI Howard Hughes Medical Institute HHP High Hover Point HHS Health and Human Services (US Government Department) HHT Hand held Terminal HI Hawaii (US-Staat) HI Hildesheim (Kfz Kennzeichen) HI Hard Information HIC Heterogeneous Interprocessor Communications and Standards HIC Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography HIDIF Heavy Ion Driven Intertial Fusion HIF Hochschulinternes Fernsehen (Göttingen) HIFI Hawaii Imaging Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (Astronomie) HiFi High Fidelity (Unterhaltungselektronik) HIFR Hover Inflight Refuelling HIGE Hover in Ground Effect HIGS High-Intensity Gamma-Ray Source HIL Hardware-in-the-Loop HILES HIL-Echtzeitsimulation HIPERLAN High Performance Local Area Network HIPPARCOS High Precision Parallax Collecting Satellite (ESA 1989) HIRSS Hover IR Suppressor System HIRTA High Intensity Radio Transmission Area HIS Hochschul-Informationssystem HITL Hardware-in-the-Loop HITRAP Heavy Ion Trap HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Human-Immunschwäche-Virus HKI Hans-Knöll-Institut für Naturstofforschung (Jena) HKIOA Hong Kong Institute of Acoustics HKP Hochschulkooperationsprogramm (EU) HL Hidden Layer (neuronale Netze) HL Higher Law HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen (Biochemie) HLEM Higher Law of Electromagnetics HLIEM High Lord of the IEM HLL High-Speed Low-Voltage Low-Power (Logik-ICs) HLP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows-Hilfe-Datei) HLR Home Location Register (Telekommunikation) HLRB Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum in Bavaria HLRS Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Stuttgart HLRZ Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum (Jülich) HLU Hilfe zum Lebensunterhalt (,,Sozialhilfe'') HLW High-Level Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) HM Hardware Manager HM Higher Mathematics HM Hold Mode HM Hybrid methods HMC Metal-Matrix Composite HMD Head-Mounted Display (VR) HMD Helmet Mounted Display HMDO Hexamethyldisiloxan HMI Hahn-Meitner-Institut (Berlin) HMI Human-Machine Interface HMM Hidden Markov Model HMN Home Management Network HMR Home Location Register (Heimat-Datei) HMS Health Monitoring System (Aircraft) HMS Helicopter Managenemt System HMS Helmet Mounted Sight HMS Mission Management System HMU Helmet Display Unit HMX Tetramethylentetranitramin (Octogen, Sprengstoff) HMXB High-Mass X-Ray Binary (Röntgendoppelstern) HN Hauptnenner HNM Heliport Noise Model (Lärmbewertung) HNMC Hub Network Management Computer HNO Hals-, Nasen- und Ohren(-Klinik oder -Kunde) HNTS Home Network Telefone System HNVS Helicopter Might Vision System HO HandOver (Telekommunikation) HOE Holographic Optical Element HOGE Hover out of Ground Effect HoH Heaven/s of Heaven HoH House over House/s HOJ Home on Jam HOL High Order Language HOLOMAR High-Resolution in situ Holographic Recording and Analysis of Marine HOT HighlyOrganisms Optimized and Particles Tolerance (EU-Projekt) HOTS Holographic Optical Telescope and Scanner HOTW Heavy on the Wire HP (hp) Hewlett Packard HP High Pressure/Power HPC High Performance Computing HPC1 Human Prostata Cancer 1 HPCC High Performance Computing and Communication (USA) HPCN High Performance Computing and Networking (ESPRIT) HPF High Performance Fortran HPGL Hewlett Packard Graphics Library HPGL Hewlett Packard Graphics Language HPHT High Pressure High Temperature (Diamant) HPI Heinrich-Pette-Institut für Experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie HPI Host(Hamburg) Port Interface HP-IB Hewlett Packard Interface Bus HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPNA Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (Telekommunikation) HPR High Performance Radar HPS High Purity Standard (Analytische Chemie) HPS Human Patient Simulator HPS The Hungarian Physical Society HPS Horse Power HPS High Processing Speed HPSS High Performance Storage System HPV Human-Papillomviren HPVM High Performance Visual Machine HQ Headquator HQ High Quality HQR Handling Quality Rating HQS Herbert Quandt Stiftung HRC Harmonically Related Carrier HRD Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm (Astronomie) HREEL(S) High Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy HRI High Resolution Imager (Röntgen-Satellit) HRK Hochschulrektorenkonferenz HRTEM Hochaufgelöste Raster-Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie HRTF Head-Related Transfer Function HS Hydraulic System HSARPA Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) HSC High Speed Cutting HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched Data (Telekommunikation) HSCSD High Speed Switched Data Mode HSDL Hierarchical Scan Description Language HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access (code resource allocation techniques ) HS-DPCCH High Speed - Dedicated Physical Control Channel HSE High Speed Ethernet HSE High Surface Energy HSFK Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung HSI High Speed Internet (Telekommunikation) HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator HSIU Heavy Stores Interface Unit HSOF Human Sense of Touch (= haptic) HSP Hitzeschock-Protein HSP Hochschulsonderprogramm HS-PDSCH High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (code resource allocation HS-PDSCH Hightechniques Speed-Physical ) Downlink Shared Channel HSRV humanes Spuma-Retrovirus HSS harter Schnellstahl (Werkzeuge) HSS High Speed Switch (Datennetz) HSS Home Subscriber Server (Telekommunikation) HS-SCCH High Speed - Share Control Channel HST Hubble Space Telescope HSTU-C handshaking portion of the xDSL central terminal unit (xTU-C) HSTU-R handshaking portion of the xDSL remote terminal unit (xTU-R) HSV Hamburger Sport Verein HSV Hypothetical Signal Vector HSVA Hamburgische Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt HSWS Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensor HT Height HT High Temperature HT Hydroxytyrosol (2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol) HTB Heterobipolar-Transistor HTDV Human Teratocarcinoma-Derived Virus HTE High Throughput Experimentation HTF Hub Terminal Facilities HTG Heating HTG Hyperschall-Technologie Göttingen (DLR) HTLV humanes T-lymphotropes Virus HTM Hyptertext Markup (Language), Dateinamenerweiterung: Internet-Datei HTMC High Temperature Mechanical Testing Committee (UK) HTML Hypertext Markup Language HTML HyperText Markup Language (Dateinamenerweiterung: Internet-Datei) HTMT Hybrid Technology/Multithreaded System (Supercomputer) HTR Heater HTS Heights (US Mail) HTS High-Throughput Screening (z.B. bei DNA-Analyse) HTS(C) High Temperature Superconductor (High-Tc Superconductivity) HTS(L) Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter (High-Tc-Supraleitung) HTTP HyperText Transfer (or Transmission) Protocol (Rechnernetz, WWW) HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTPS HTTP Secured HTWLAN High Throughput Wireless Local Area Network HU Height Unit HU Humboldt-Universität (Berlin) HUD Head-up Display HUGO Human Genome Organization HUM Health and Usage Monitoring HV High-Velosity HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning HVGCS Home Video Game Console System HVM Hyper-velocity Missile HVR Hover HVSD High Voltage Semiconductor Device HW(CI) Hardware (Configuration Item) HWC Hydrophobe Wechselwirkungschromatographie HWY Highway (US Mail) HYD Hydraulic HYKAT Hydrodynamik- und Kavitationstunnel (HSVA) HYPERLAN High Performance Radio LAN (Telekommunikation) HYSWIM Hydrogen Switchable Mirror HZT High-Z Supernova Search Team I I&C PS Industrial & Commercial Power Systems [Technical Conference] i. n. D. in Nomine Die I/O Input/Output I/O Input/Output I/P Identification of Position IA Ingoing Access IA Iowa (US-Staat) IAA Internal aids approach IAA Internationale Astronautische Akademie IAAS Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik (Berlin) IAB Institut für Akustik und Bauphysik (Oberursel/Ts.) IAB Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (der Bundesanstalt für Arbeit) IAB Internet Administration Board IACC Interaural Cross-Correlation IACS Integrated Aircraft/Avionics Control System IAD Integrated Access Device IADC Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency (Wien) IAEO International Atomic Energy Organisation IAESTE International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical IAF [Fraunhofer-]Experience Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAF Internal approach fix IAI Israel Aircraft Industries IAKF Interessengemeinschaft für Autofreie Kur- und Fremdenverkehrsorte in IAKK interauraleBayern Kreuzkorrelation IAM Initial Address Message (Telecommunication) IANUS Interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe Naturwissenschaft, Technik und Sicherheit IAO [Fraunhofer-](Darmstadt) Institut für Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation (Stuttgart) IAP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung (Golm) IAP Institut für Atmosphärenphysik (Kühlungsborn, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) IAP Instrument approach procedure IAP Internet Access Provider IAPP Inter-Access Point Protocol IAS Indicated Airspeed IAS Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton, NJ, USA) IASI Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer IASP International Association for the Study of Pain IASTED International Association of Science and Technology for Development IAT Institut Arbeit und Technik (Gelsenkirchen) IAT Institut fürArbeit und Technologie IATA International Air Transport Association IATG Internal Air Temperature Gauge IAU International Astronomical Union IAV Informations-, Anlauf- und Vermittlungsstelle (Karlsruhe) IAW In Accordance With IB Imperial Business IB Investigation Brochure (Pharma) IBA Important Bird Area (Naturschutz) IBC Integrated Broadband Communication IBC International Broadcasting Convention IBE Interaktive Bildschirmexperimente IBFM Interacting Boson Fermion Model ibid ibidem (aaO) IBIS Inflight Blade Inspection System IBIT Indicated Built-in Test IBIT Interruptive BIT IBM Interacting Boson Model IBM International Business Machines Corporation IBMS In-Beam Mössbauer Spectroscopy IBMT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Biomedizinische Technik (St. Ingbert) IBN Identification beacon IBP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Bauphysik (Stuttgart) IBR Institut für Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie (FZR) IBRO International Brain Research Organization IBWN In-Building Wireless Network IC Imperial Centre IC Integrated Circuit IC Intercity (Bundesbahn) IC Internal Combustion IC Internal Combustion [Engine] (Verbrennungsmotor) IC Ion Chromatography; Ionenchromatographie IC Interference Cancellation IC Line-Coupler (graphical Symbol) ICA International Congress on Acoustics ICaB Incoming Call Barrier ICALEO International Conference on Applications of Lasers and Electrooptics ICALEPCS International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics ICAMU IntelligentControl Systems Chanel Acess Manamgent Unit ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation ICARCF International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Computer Vision ICAS International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences ICASE Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (NASA ICASSP IEEELangley International Research ConferenceCenter, Hampton, on Acoustics, VA, USA) Speech, and Signal Processing ICB Institute for Collaborative Biotechnology (USA) ICBEN International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missile ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missile ICBP International Council for Bird Preservation ICC Intelligent Customer Care ICCAD International Conference on Computer Aided Design ICCL International Conference on Computer Languages ICD Interface Control Document ICDP International Continental Drilling Program (= KTB) ICE In-Car-Entertainment (Autoradio) ICE Intercity Express (Bundesbahn) ICER Industry Council for Electronic Equipment (UK) ICES International Council for Exploration of the Sea ICF Inertial Confinement Fusion (= Trägheitsfusion) (Reaktor) ICFA International Committee for Future Accelerators ICG Intellectual Capital Group (Franklin, MI, USA) ICGRG International Commission on General Relativity and Gravitation ICGV Independend Complex Gausian Variable ICI Integrated Communication Interface (Telekommunikation) ICI Inter-Carrier Interference (Telekommunikation) ICIP International Conference on Image Processing ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol (Telekommunikation) ICMS Information Control and Management System ICMU Intelligent Chanel Managment Unit ICN Information and Communication Network (Siemens) ICNIA Integrated Communication Navigation Identification Avionics ICNN International Conference on Neural Networks ICNP International Conference on Network Protocols ICO International Commission for (or: on) Optics ICO RTT ICO Radio Transmission Technology ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites ICONIP International Conference on Neural Information Processing ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma ICP Infomation Service Control Part ICP Interuniversity Cooperation Programme (Europe) ICPNM International Certificate Program for New Media (FhG, CRCG) ICR Ion Cyclotron Resonance ICRM International Committee for Radionuclide Metrology ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRU International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements ICS Inter Communication Subsystem ICS Intercommunication System ICS Intrnal Communication System I-CSCF Interrogating CSCF I-CSCF Interrogating-Call Session Control Function ICSI International Computer Science Institute (Berkeley, CA, USA) ICSOS International Conference on the Structure of Surfaces ICSU International Council of Scientific Unions ICSV International Conference on Sound and Vibration ICT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Chemische Technologie (Pfinztal bei Karlsruhe) ICT Information and Communication Technology ICTP International Centre for Theoretical Physics (Triest, seit 1964) ICTS International Cellular Telephone System ICU Inertial Control Unit ICW Internet Call Waiting (Telekommunikation) ID Idaho (US-Staat) ID Identification ID Inner Diameter IDA Institute for Defense Analyses (USA) IDA Interface for Distributed Automation IDBS Interactive Data Business Solutions IDC Insulation Displacement Connection IDC International Data Centre, Internationales Datenzentrum (zur CTBTO) IDC International Data Corporation IDD Interface Design Document IDE Integrated Development Environment IDEA International Data Encryption Algorithm IDEM Informations- und Dokumentationsstelle Ethik in der Medizin IDF International Diabetes Federation IDFT Inverse Discret Fourier Transform IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform, inverse diskrete Fourier-Transformation IDL Interactive Data Language IDL Interface Definition (or: Description) Language IDNDR International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction IDOC Intermediate Document IDR Inter-Domain Routing (Telekommunikation) IDRFC Internal Dynamic Rate Flow Control (Telekommunikation) IDS Institut für Deutsche Sprache (Mannheim) IDS Intrusion Detection System (Firewall) IDTV Improved Definition Television (100 Hz-Bild) IDU Ice Detector Unit IDVM Integrated Voice Data Transmitter IE Information Element IE Internet Explorer IE Initial Estimate IEA International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IECE, IECEJ Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers of Japan ied. in eccelsis dei IEDP Initial Estimate Data Points IEE Institution of Electrical Engineers (UK) IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (USA) IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (USA) IEER Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (USA) IEICE, IEICEJ Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communication Engineers of Japan IEM ∆ IEM Immune Electron Microscope IEM In Ear Monitor IEM In Ear Monitor (Medical, Physiology) IEM Inactive Equipment Maintenance IEM Inborn Errors of Metabolism (molecular biology) IEM Independent Electron Model IEM Industrial End-user Market IEM Industrial Engineering and Management (course/program) IEM Industrial Entrepreneur Memoranda (Business, General) IEM Industrial Environmental Management (Academic & Science, Academic IEM InfiniteDegrees) Energy Magazine IEM Information Engineering Methodology IEM Initial Estimate of Manpower IEM Innovative Emergency Management (Business, General) IEM Innovative Emergency Management, Inc. IEM Inspiration Education And Motivation (Community, Educational) IEM Installation Equipment Management (Governmental, Military) IEM Installation Equipment Manager/Management IEM Institut für Erhaltung und Modernisierung IEM Institut of Electricty and Magnetics IEM Institute of Engineering and Management IEM Institute of Engineering Mechanics (China) IEM Institute of Environmental Medicine (Sweden) IEM Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology IEM Institution of Engineers, Malaysia IEM Instructor Evaluation Matrix IEM Integral Equation Method IEM Integrated Electronics Module IEM Integrated Elevation Model IEM Integrated Environmental Management, Inc. IEM Integrated Equipment Manager (Boeing Aerospace) IEM Integrated ESM Mast IEM Intelligent Energy Management IEM Interdimensional Electromagnetics IEM Interim Examination and Maintenance IEM Internal Electricity Market IEM International Electronic Monitoring IEM International Equity Market (Business, General) IEM Internet Engineering and Manufacturing IEM Interpretative / Explanatory Material (Joint Aviation Requirements) IEM Intrinsic Electro Magnetics IEM Invalid End of Message IEM Istanbul Emniyet Mudurlugu (Istanbul Security Administration) IEMB Institut für Erhaltung und Modernisierung von Bauwerken (Berlin) IEMFT Imperium of the Electro Magnetic Field Theory (see also DEMFT) IEN Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris (Turin, Italien) IEP Initial Estimate Point IEPE Integrated Electronic Piezoelectric IERE Institution of Electronic and Radio Engineers (London) IESE [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Experimentelles Software Engineering IETF Internet(Kaiserslautern) Engineering Task Force IETS Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy IF Information Falsification IF Intentional Field IF Intermediate fix IF Intermediate Frequency IF/C Interfache/Computer IFA Internationale Funkausstellung IFAC International Federation of Automatic Control IfADo Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie (Dortmund) IFAM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung IFC Industry(Bremen) Foundation Class (Schnittstelle) IFD Instrument Flight Day IFDR Integrated Flight Data Recording IFE In-Flight Entertainment System IfE Institut für Erdölforschung (Clausthal-Zellerfeld) IFE Institut für Festkörperphysik und Elektronenmikroskopie IFF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Fabrikbetrieb und -automatisierung (Magdeburg) IFF Identification Friend/Foe IFF Institut für Festkörperforschung [a): am IFW, b): am KFA, Jülich] IFF Interchange File Format (Graphikformat) IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform IFFT Inverst Fast Fourier Transform IFG Input Function Generator IFG Inter Frame Gaps (Telecom) IfH Institut für Hochenergiephysik (DDR, Zeuthen, AdW) IFIP International Federation of Information Processing Societies und: International IfL InstitutFederation für Länderkunde for Information (Leipzig) Processing IfL Institut für Leibesübungen IFLIR Improved Foreward Looking Infrared IFM Improved VHF-FM IfM Institut für Meereskunde (Kiel) IfN Institut für Neurobioogie (Magdeburg) ifo Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (München) IFOR (Internationale Friedenstruppe für Bosnien) IFORS International Federation of Operational Research Societies IFOS Institut für Oberflächen- und Schichtanalytik (Univ. Kaiserslautern) IfR Institut für Radiochemie (FZR) IFR Instrument Flight Rules IFRB International Frequency Registration Board (in Genf) IFRB/ITU International Frequency Registration Board IFS Institut für Festkörperanalytik und Strukturforschung (am IFW) IfS Institut für Sicherheitsforschung (FZR) IFS Intermediate Frequency Stage IFS Intermediate Frequency Signal IFSA International Forestry Students Association IFSDR In Flight Shut Down Rate IFSS Intermediate Frequency Sampling Stage IFT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Festkörpertechnologie (München) IfT Institut für Troposphärenforschung (Leipzig) IFT(o)MM International Federation for the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms IFU [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Atmosphärische Umweltforschung IFU Interface Unit IFW Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstofforschung (Dresden, seit 1992) IfW Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel) IFX Interactive Financial Exchange IfZ Institut für Zeitgeschichte (München) IG Intelligence Gathering IG Intrinsic Gettering IGAPPI Interdivisional Group for Applied Physics and Physics in Industry (EPS) IGB [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik (Stuttgart) IGB Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (Berlin) IGB Intermediate Gearbox IGBP Internationales Geosphären-Biosphären-Programm (Ökologie) IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (Semiconductor) IGD [Fraunhofer-] Institut für graphische Datenverarbeitung (Darmstadt, IGE InAußenstelle Ground Effect in Rostock) IGERT Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (NSF, USA) IGES International Graphics Exchange Standards IGK Integrated Gatekeeper (Telekommunikation) IGLO Informal Group of RTD Liaison Officers in Brussels (EU) IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol (Telekommunikation) IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol (Telecom) IGN Installations-Geräuschnormal (DIN 52218) IGP Interior Gateway Protocol (Telekommunikation) IGPD Interdivisional Group on Physics for Development (EPS) IGS International GPS Service for Geodynamics (Satelliten-Geodäsie) IGV Inlet Guide Vane IGV Institut für Grenzflächenforschung und Vakuumphysik (Jülich) IGZ Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau (Großbeeren und Kühnhausen bei ih. inErfurt) heaven IHADSS Integrated Helmet and Display Sight System IHAS Integrated Helicopter Avionics System IHES Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (bei Paris) IHOSS:OSP Internet Hosted Octect Stream Service:Octet Stream Protocol IHP Institut für Halbleiterphysik (Frankfurt/Oder) IHPT Institut für Physikalische Hochtechnologie e.V. (Jena) IHU Integrated Helmet Unit IHWN In Home Wireless Networks ii ingeniur IIASA International Institute of Applied System Analysis (Laxemburg bei Wien) IID Independent and Identically-Distributed (Data; Filtertheorie) iiem in imperium electro magnetis IIJ Internet Initiative Japan IIM Institut für Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung (FZR) IIMV Internationales Institut für Management und Verwaltung I-INCE International Institute of Noise Control Engineering IINS Integrated Internal Navigation System IIO International Industrial Organisation IIR Immaging Infrared IIR Infinite Impulse Response (Digitalfilter) IIS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Integrierte Schaltungen (Erlangen) IITB [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Informations- und Datenverarbeitung (Karlsruhe) IJCNN International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IKAR (Landkarten-Datenbank) (im DBI) IKARUS nstrumente für Klimagas-Reduktionsstrategien IKBD Intelligent Keybord Chip IKH Institut für Kern- und Hadronenphysik (FZR) IKM Institut für elektronische Korrelationen und Magnetismus IKRK Internationales Komitee vom Roten Kreuz IKSE Internationale Kommission zum Schutz der Elbe IKSR Internationale Kommission zum Schutz des Rheins IKT Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien IKTS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Keramische Technologien und Sinterwerkstoffe IKV Institut(Dresden) für Kunststoffverarbeitung (Aachen) IKZ Institut für Kristallzüchtung (Berlin-Adlershof) IL Illinois (US-Staat) IL Information Leakage IL Insertion Loss (Einfügungsdämmung) IL Increased Latency ILA In-Line Amplifier (Glasfaserkabel) ILA Internationale Luft- und Raumfahrtausstellung (?) ILAF Identical Location of Accelerometer and Force ILC International Laser Center (Staatsuniversität Moskau) ILD Integrated Landing Device (avionics) ILD Intelligibility Level Difference ILD Interaural Level Difference ILD Interlevel Dielectric Layer (semiconductor) ILEC Incumbant Local Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) ILL Institut Laue-Langevin (Grenoble) ILM Integrated Laser Modulator (optische Telekommunikation) ILM Intermediate Level Maintenance ILMI Integrated Local Management Interface (Telekommunikation) ILS Instrument Landing System ILS Instrumentenlandesystem ILS Intracavity Laser Spectroscopy ILS(C/M/S) Integrated Logistic Support (Comma11 ee/Management/System) ILSC International Laser Safety Conference ILT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Lasertechnik (Aachen) ILV [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Lebensmitteltechnologie und Verpackung (München, ILW Intermediate-Levelbis 31.12.97; danach: Waste IVV) (Radioaktiver Abfall) IM Imperial Mind IM Information Management IM Information Manager (Telekommunikation) IM Instant Messaging (Telekommunikation) IM Intensitätsmodulation IM Intermodulation IM Internal Memory IM Identity Matrix IMA Integrated Motor Assist IMA Interactive Multimedia Association IMA International Marinelife Association IMA Inverse Multiplexing for ATM IMACS International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation IMAGE Imager for Magnetopause to Aurora Global Exploration (NASA, Satellit) IMAP Internet Mail (or: Message) Access Protocol (E-Mail Server) IMB Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie (Jena) IMBA Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie (Wien) IMC IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions IMCC ISDN Management and Coordination Committee (TC im ETSI) IMD Inter-Metal Dielectric (Semiconductor) IMD Intermodulation Distortion IMechE Institution of Mechanical Engineers (UK) IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity IMEKO International Measurement Confederation (Budapest) IMG Image, Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei IMHFH Industrial Management Committee IMHFH Inspection Manhours per Flying Hours of System at Depot Level IMHFH Inspection Manhours per Flying Hours of System at Intermediate Level IMHFH Inspection Manhours per Flying Hours of System at Organisation Level IMIS Integriertes Mess- und Informationssystem zur Überwachung der IMK [Fraunhofer-]Umweltradioaktivität Institut für Medienkommunikation (St. Augustin) IMK Integrated Multifunction Keyboard IML [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Materialfluss und Logistik (Dortmund) IML International Microgravity Laboratory IMM Institut für Mikrotechnik (Mainz) I-MMS MSS Interconnection Network IMO Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnologie und Optoelektronik (Wetzlar) IMO International Management Office IMO International Maritime Organization IMP Imperial IMP Imperium IMP Information Service Management Part IMP Institut für Molekulare Pathologie (Wien) IMP Intermodulation Product IMPATT Impact Avalanche Transit-Time (Diode) IMPD Investigational Medicinal Product Dossier (Pharma) IMPRS International Max Planck Research School IMPS Institute for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (Porto Novo, Benin) IMPT Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy (Röntgentechnik) IMRS Integrated Monitoring and Recording System IMRT Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (Röntgentechnik) IMS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme IMS Institute(Dresden) for Molecular Science (Okazaki, Japan) IMS Integrated Machining System IMS Integrated Management Solution (Telekommunikation) IMS Integrated Multiplex System IMS Intelligent Manufacturing System IMS International Monitoring System (zum CTBT) IMS Ionen-Mikrofabrikations-Systeme (Firma in Wien) IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS IP multimedia subsystem IMSA Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identification IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity IMT Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnik (KfK) IMT Institute of Microtechnology (Universität von Neuchâtel, CH) IMT International Mobile Telecommunications IMTC Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE) IMU Inertial Measurement Unit IMU International Mathematical Union IMW Institut für Metallische Werkstoffe (am IFW) IN Indiana (US-Staat) IN Inertial Navigator IN Intelligentes Netz, Intelligent Network INAP Intelligent Network Application Protocol (or: Part) INBD Inboard INC Major NATO Commanders Inc. Incorporated (USA, entspricht Aktiengesellschaft) INCE Institute of Noise Control Engineering (USA) INCEMIC International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility INCO International Cooperation [Cooperation with Third Countries and International IND IndicatorOrganisations] (EC) IND Mission Need Document INEL Idaho National Engineering Laboratory INES Informationsnetz Elbe-Sanierung INES Innovative Navigation European System INESAP International Network of Engineers and Scientists Against Proliferation INF Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces INF Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces INFCE International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Evaluation INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Frascati, Italien) Ing. Ingenieur Ing. ingenium ingeniur ingenium iuris "®" = eingetragene Marke INGO Intensivierte Gewässerüberwachungsorganisation INI initial, (Dateinamenerweiterung: Programm-Initialisierungsdatei) INIE Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education (DoE-Programm, USA) INM Integrated (or: Intermediate) Network Management (optische INM IntegratedTelekommunikation) Noise Model (FAA) INMARSAT International Maritime Satellite Organisation Inmarsat International Maritime Satellite Organization (gegr. 1979) INOK Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (Berlin) INP Institut für Niedertemperatur-Plasmaphysik (Greifswald) INPAT Integration des Patentwesens in die ingenieurmäßige wissenschaftliche INQUA InternationalHochschulausbildung Union for Quarternary Research INRA International Research Associates INRETS Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (Frankreich) INRIA Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Frankreich) INS Inertial Navigation System INSERM Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INT Intersection INT Maintenance Int., Intnl. International INTAS International Association for the Promotion of Cooperation with Scientists from INTEGRAL Internationalthe New Independent Gamma-Ray States Astrophysics (Internationale Laboratory Assoziation (geplant zur fürFörderung 2001) der INTELSAT InternationalZusammenarbeit Telecommunications mit Wissenschaftlern Satellite aus Organisationder früheren Sovietunion) (Brüssel Internoise International1993) Congress on Noise Control Engineering INTOR International Tokamak Reactor (Fusionsreaktor) INTR Interior IntServ Integrated Services (Telekommunikation) Int-Serv Integrated Service INV Inverter IOBB Input Output, Broadband (Telekommunikation) IOC Industrial Operational Clearance IOC Initial Operational Capability IOC Intergovermental Oceanographic Commission (der UNESCO) IODP Integrated Ocean Drilling Program IOF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik (Jena) IOM Individual Ordinary Member (EPS u.a.) IOM Institut für Oberfläüchenmodifizierung (Leipzig) IONDS Integrated Operational Nuclear Detection System IOP The Institute of Physics (UK) IOPP Institute of Physics Publishing (Bristol, UK) IÖR Institut für ökologische Raumentwicklung (Dresden) IOT InterOperability Test (Telekommunikation) IOTA Infrared-Optical Telescope Array (Mt. Hopkins, AZ, USA) IOTA Institut d'Optique Théorique et Appliquée (Frankreich) IOTA Integration of Two Access Technologies (Telecommunication) IOW Institut für Ostseeforschung Warnemünde (Universität Rostock) IP Initial Point IP Initial Provisioning IP Intelligence Platform IP Internet Protocol (Rechnernetz) IP MM Internet Protocol Multimedia network IP VPN IP Virtual Private Network(s) (Telekommunikation) IP/PPP Internet Protocol/Point-to-Pont Protocol IPA [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionstechnik und Automatisierung (Stuttgart) IPA Intelligent Pilot Assistant (DLR, Flugführung) IPAM Interface Analysis at Atomic Level and Properties of Advanced Materials IPAT Impact, Population, level of Affluence, Technology (Gleichung zur IPB InstitutBeschreibung für Pflanzenbiochemie umweltschädigender (Halle/Saale) Auswirkungen menschlichen Verhaltens) IPC Illustrated Parts Catalogue IPC Integrated Plastic (or: Polymer) Circuit (Elektronik) IPC Integrated Pollution Control IPC International Patent Classification IPC Inter-Process Communication (Telekommunikation) IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC International Professional Communication Conference IPD Institut für Polymerforschung (Dresden) iPD interactive Phase Distortion IPDC Internet Protocol Device Control IPDS Institut für Phonetik und digitale Sprachverarbeitung (Kiel) IPF Institut für Polymerforschung (Dresden) IPF Inverse Pole Figure IPF IOTA Packet Filter Library IPG Industrial Project Group IPG Information Power Grid (NASA) IPHT Institut für Physikalische Hochtechnologie (Jena) IPIEM Intelectual Property of the IEM IPK [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik (Berlin) IPK Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (Gatersleben) IPL Information-Processing Language IPL Initial Provisioning List IPL Ionenprojektions-Lithographie IPM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Physikalische Messtechnik (Freiburg) IPM Impulses per Minute IPMX Internet Protocol Media Exchange (Telekommunikation) IPN Institut für die Pädagogik der Naturwissenschaften (Kiel) IPN Interference plus Noise IPNS Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA) IPO Initial Public Offering IPO Institute for Perception Research (Eindhoven, NL) IPO International Programme Office IPOA Internet Protocol over Asynchronous Transfer Mode IPoA IP over ATM IPP Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (Garching) IPPV impulse Pay per View IPR Intelectual Property Rights IPR Intermediate Power Rating (30 min) IPRC Intellectual Property Rights Committee (TC im ETSI) IPS Information Service Process Subsystem IPS In-Plane Switching (LCD mit beiden Pixelelektroden auf einer Seite, IPS Instructionsaufgeklappter per Kondensator) Second IPS Integrated Particle Separator IPS International Plutonium Storage IPSD Intensified Position-Sensing Detector IPSE Integrated Project Support Environment IPSEC Internet Protocol Security (Telekommunikation) IPSI [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Integrierte Publikations- und Informationssysteme IPSS Information(Darmstadt) Processing Systems and Software (ESPRIT) IP-SSF IP Multimedia Service Switching Function IPT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionstechnologie (Aachen) IPTS Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (EU, Sevilla, Spanien) IPTV Internet Protocol television IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4 IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange (Telekommunikation) IQEC International Quantum Electronics Conference IQHE Integer Quantum Hall Effect IR Information Retrieval IR Infrared IR Infrared [Radiation] IRAM Institute for Radio Astronomy at Millimeter Wavelengths (Grenoble, IRAS InfraredFrankreich) Astronomical Satellite IRB [Fraunhofer-] Informationszentrum Raum und Bau IRBM Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile IRC Internet Relay Chat (Rechnernetz) IRCAM Institut de Recherche et de Coordination Acoustique Musique (Paris) IRCH Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (Fusionsreaktortechnik) IRD Integrated Receiver Decoder IRDA Infrared Data Exchange IRDAC Industrial Research and Development Advisory Committee (EU) IRDS Infra-Red Detection System IRDT Inflatable Reentry and Descent Technology (Raumfahrt) IRE Institute of Radio Engineers (USA) IRENA (Internationale Agentur für Erneuerbare Energien) IRFU Integrated Radio Frequency Unit (Telekommunikation) IRI Industrial Research Institute (Washington, DC, USA) IRIDIA [Institute for] Interdisciplinary Research and Development in Artificial IRIS IncorporatedIntelligence (Esprit, Research Brüssel) Institutions for Seismology (USA) IRIS Infra-Red Imaging System IRP Integration Reference Point IRS Inertial Reference System IRS Infra-Red Suppressor IRS Institut für Regionalentwicklung und Strukturplanung (Berlin) IRS Interface Requirements Specification IRS Internal Reference Specification IRS International Revenue Service (USA) IRS Intrusion Response System (Firewall) IRSI Infrared Space Interferometry IRST Infrared Search and Track (Radar) IRSU ISDN Remote Subscriber Unit (RSU mit ISDN-Möglichkeit) IRT Integrated Receiver-Transmitter (Telekommunikation) IRTF Infrared Telescope Facility (Mauna Kea, Hawaii) IRTF Internet Research Task Force IS Input Signal IS Identiy Spoofing IS Information Systems IS Integrated Services IS Internet Security IS Island (US Mail) IS Interference Suppresion is. in shalah ISA Industry-Standard Architecture ISA Integrated IP/SDH/ATM (or: STM/ATM) (Telekommunikation) ISA Integrated Service Adapter (Telekommunikation) ISA International Search Authority (Patente) ISA International Standard Atmosphere ISAAC Infrared Spectrometer and Array Camera (beim VLT der ESO) ISAM Institut für Supercomputing und Angewandte Mathematik (Heidelberg) ISAN Integrität bei der Satellitennavigation ISAR Intelligentes System zur automatischen Radioskopie ISARS International Society for Acoustic Remote Sensing ISAS Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie (Dortmund) ISAS Institut of Space and Aeronautical Science (Japan) ISB Intelligent Signalling Bus (Datennetz) ISBN International Standard Book Number ISC [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Silicatforschung (Würzburg) ISC International Softswitch Consortium ISD In Service Data ISD Introduction Schedule ISDB Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting (Telekommunikation) ISDB-S Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Satellite (Telekommunikation) ISDB-T Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (Telekommunikation) ISDC Improved Signal Data Converter ISDF Internal Software Delivery Form ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network (Telekommunikation) ISE [Fraunhofer-] Institut für solare Energiesysteme (Freiburg) ISE Integrated Switching Element (Telekommunikation) ISE Intelligent Synthesis Environment (NASA) ISEC Initial Support Equipment Cost ISF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Schwingungsforschung (1956, später: IITB) ISF International Science Foundation ISFET Ionen-sensitiver Feldeffekt-Transistor ISFH Institut für Solarenergieforschung, Hameln ISFM International Spent Fuel Management (Brennelement-Kontrolle) ISG Informationszentrum für Sexualität und Gesundheit (Freiburg/Br) ISH Internationale Fachmesse Sanitär Heizung Klima (Frankfurt/M) ISI [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Systemtechnik und Innovationsforschung (Karlsruhe) ISI Institut für Schicht- und Ionentechnik (Jülich) ISI Institute for Scientific Information (Philadelphia, PA) ISI Intersymbol Interference ISIC International Student Identity Card ISIN International Securities Identification Number ISIS Intelligentes Satellitendaten-Informationssystem (Fernerkundung) IS-IS Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System ISIT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Siliziumtechnologie (Itzehoe) ISL Imperceptible Structured Light ISL Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis, Deutsch- ISL InterFranzösisches Switch Link Forschungsinstitut (Telekommunikation) Sant-Louis ISL Inter-Satellite Link (Telekommunikation) ISM In Situ Monitoring ISM Industrial Scientific Medicine (433 MHz-Frequenzband) und Bluetooth: 2,45 ISM InterstellaresGHz-Band (lizenzfrei) Medium ISMA International Symposium on Musical Acoustics ISMA Internet Streaming Media Alliance ISN Institut des Sciences Nucléaires (Grenoble, Frankreich) ISNA International Symposium on Nonlinear Acoustics ISNR Improvement in SNR (Bildbearbeitung) ISNS Inside Science News Service (USA) ISO Infrared Space Observatory (1995) ISO International Standardisation Organisation ISO International Standardization Organization ISO International Standards Organization ISO/SR ISO Search Retrieval ISOL Isospin Separation Online ISOL Isotope Separator Online ISOLDE Innerstädtischer Service mit optimierten logistischen Dienstleistungen ISORAC Infrared Spectroscopy of Ozone and Related Atmospheric Constituents ISOS Internet-Spanning Operating System (noch hypothetisch) ISP In-System Programmable (devices) ISP Internet Service Provider ISPRAM In Situ Processing of Aluminium Matrix Composites ISR Initial Submission Rate (Datennetz) ISR Integrated Switch Router (Internet) ISR Interrupt Service Routine ISRN International Standard Technical Report Number ISS International Space Station ISSA Information Service Setup Answer ISSCC International Solid-State Circuits Conference ISSN International Standard Series Number ISSR Information Service Setup Request ISSS International Society of Soil Sciences ISST [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Software- und Systemtechnik (Berlin) IST [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Schicht- und Oberflächentechnik (Braunschweig) IST Internal Set Theory (Interne Mengenlehre) ISTC International Science and Technology Center (Moskau) ISTP Information Society Technologies Programme ISTR Inverse Sequence-Tagged Repeat (DNA-Markertechnologie) ISUP ISDN User Part ISVR Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (Southampton, UK) ISX-B Impurity Studies Experiment B (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Oak Ridge) ISY International Space Year (1992) IT Information Theory IT Information Technology, Informationstechnik IT Inherent Tradeoff ITA [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung (Hannover). (Ab ITAEG Information2003: ITEM) Technology Advisory Experts Group ITB Internationale Tourismusbörse (Berlin) itb. in the boondocks ITC inferior-temporaler Cortex ITC International Typeface Corporation ITCA Initial Training Costs of Aircraft ITCM Initial Training Costs of Maintenance Personal ITD Interaural Time Difference ITEA Information Technology for European Advancement I-TEC Innovations- und Technologie-Eigenkapital (EU-Programm) ITEM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung (Hannover). (Bis ITER International2002: ITA) Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (Fusionsreaktortechnik) ITF Infrared Telescope Facility (Mauna Kea, HI, USA) ITFS Instructional TV Fixed Service ITG Informationstechnische Gesellschaft (im VDE) ITGS Intelligent Traffic Guidance System (Tokio) ITiS Informations-Technik in Schiffen ITLR Institut für Thermodynamik der Luft- und Raumfahrt (Uni Stuttgart) ITO Indium Tin Oxide ITO Instrument Takeoff ITPO Initial Technical Publication Cost ITRI Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan) ITRI Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (Albuquerque, NM, USA) ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS Intelligentes Tutorsystem ITS-90 International Temperature Scale of 1990 ITSEC Information Technologies Security Evaluation Criteria (Telekommunikation) ITSP Internet Telephony Service Provider ITU [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Umwelthygiene (München) ITU International Telecommunication(s) Union (Genf, Schweiz) ITU International Telecommunications Union ITU International Telecommunictions Union ITU-R ITU Radiocommunication Sector ITU-R International Telecommunications Union - Radiocommunications Sector ITU-T International Telecommunications Union ITU-T ITU-Telecommunications ITU-TS ITU Telecommunication Standards ITWM [Fraunhofer-]Institut für Techno- und Wirtschaftsmathematik (Kaiserslautern) Iu I/F inter the RNS and the core network. It is also considered as a Ref Pnt IU or I/U Interface Unit IUAES Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences IUCAF Inter-Union Commission on the Allocation of Frequencies for Radio and Space IUCN InternationalSciences Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources IUCr International Union of Crystallography IUCT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie (Schmallenberg) IUE International Ultraviolet Explorer (Satellit) IUGG International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics IuK Information und Kommunikation (eine Initiative der wissenschaftlichen IUPAC InternationalFachgesellschaften) Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry IUPAP International Union of Pure and Applied Physics IUPUI Indiana University - Purdue University at Indianopolis iur iurae, iuris IUT Institut Universitaire de Technologie IUTA Institut für Umwelttechnologie und Umweltanalytik (Duisburg) IUTAM International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics IUVSTA International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique, and Applications IV four (roman number) IV Inverse Value IV Initial Vector IVAS Internet Value Added Services IVF In Vitro Fertilization IVH Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft (Hannover) IVK Intelligente Verteilerkästen IVM Industrie-Verband Motorrad e.V. IVoD Interaktives Video on Demand IVPN International Virtual Private Network (Telekommunikation) IVR Interactive (or: Integrated) Voice Response IVSE Information and Voice Services Environment (Telekommunikation) IVV [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung (München, ab IWC Indirect1.1.98, vorher:Wireless ILV) Communcation IWCS Improved Wireless Communcation System IWF Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film (Göttingen) IWF Institut für Wild- und Zootierforschung (Berlin) IWF Inter Working Function IWF Internationaler Währungsfonds IWH Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle I-WLAN interworking-WLAN IWM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkstoffmechanik (Freiburg) IWMI International Water Management Institute (Sri Lanka) IWR Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (Univ. Heidelberg) IWRB International Waterfowl Research Bureau IWS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkstoff- und Strahltechnik (Dresden) IWS Institut für Werkstoffphysik und Strukturforschung IWTZ Internationales Wissenschafts- und Technik-Zentrum (Moskau) IWU [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik (Chemnitz) IWU Inter Working Unit IWZ Informationszentrum Wärmepumpen und Kältetechnik IXC Inter-Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) IYPT International Young Physicists Tournament IZB Informationszentrum Benchmarking (am IPK) IZE Informationszentrale der Elektrizitätswirtschaft IZF Instituut voor Zintuigfysiologie (TNO, Soesterberg, NL) (Zintuig: Sinnes...) IZFP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (Saarbrücken) IZM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Zuverlässigkeit und Mikrointegration (Berlin und IZT InstitutMünchen) für Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung (Berlin) J J. Journal J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition J2ME Java 2 Micro Edition J2SE Java 2 Standard Edition JACC Joint Automatic Control Conference JAERI Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute JAIN JAVA for IN (Telekommunikation) JAR Joint Airworthiness Requirement JASA Journal of the Acoustical Society of America JASU Jet aircraftstarting unit JBC Java Bytecode JBC Java Bytecode JBOD Just a Bunch Of Disks (Difference: RAID) JCT Joint Central Team (ITER) JCT Junction (US Mail) JDBC Java Data Base Connectivity, SQL-Datenbankschnittstelle in Java JDBC Java Data Base Connectivity, SQL-Datenbankschnittstelle in Java JDBC JAVA Database Connectivity (Telekommunikation) JDK JAVA Development Kit JDMK JAVA Dynamic Management Kit (Telekommunikation) JECC Joint ETSI/ECMA Committee (TC im ETSI) JEDEC Joint Electron Device Engineering Council JEDEC Joint Electronic Device Engineering Council JEIDA Japan Electronic Industry Development Association JEP Joint European Project JES JAVA Embedded Server JESSI Joint European Submicron Silicon JET Joint European Torus (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Culham, Oxford, England) JETRO Japanese External Trade Organization JETT Jettison JFT-2M Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Tokai, JGHF Johann-Gottfried-Herder-ForschungsratJapan) (Marburg) JGOFS Joint Global Ocean Flux Study JHP Japan Hadron Project (Protonenbeschleuniger) JICST Japan Information Center of Science and Technology (Datenbank) JIDM Joint Interdomain Management (Telekommunikation) JIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) JIF Joint Infrastructure Fund (UK) JILA Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (Boulder, CO, USA) JINR Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russland) JIT Just-in-time compiler JLC Japanese Linear Collider JMS Java Message Service JMX JAVA Management Extensions JNLP Java Network Launch Protocol JNX Japan Network Exchange JOH Justification Overhead Joides Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (Zusammenschluss JOSA Journalvon Meeresforschungsinstituten) of the Optical Society of America JPEG Joint Photographic (or: Pictures) Expert Group (Bildcodierung) JPG Joint Project Group JPG siehe JPEG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Pasadena, CA, USA) JPS Physical Society of Japan JRC Joint Research Centre JRC Joint Research Centre (EU) JRDC Japanese Research and Development Corporation JRS Japanese Rocket Society JSAP The Japan Society of Applied Physics JSASS Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences JSC Johnson Space Center (USA) JSME Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers JSNS Japan Spallation Neutron Source JSP JAVA Server Pages JSPMI Japan Society for the Promotion of Machine Industry JSS Java Script Style JST Japan Science and Technology Corporation JT-60 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Naka, Japan) JTC EBU/ETSI Joint Technical Committee (TC im ETSI) JTEC Japanese Technology Evaluation Center JTIDS Joint Tactical Identification and Distribution System JTIDS Joint Tactical Information Distribution System JVC Japanese Victor Company JVM Java Virtual Machine K KAFOR (Internationale Friedenstruppe für das Kosovo) KAI Koordinierungs- und Aufbauinitiative e.V. [für die Forschung in Berlin und den KAI-AdW Koordinierungs-neuen Bundesländern] und Abwicklungsstelle für die Akademie der Wissenschaften KAIST Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAM-Theorie Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser-Theorie (nichtlineares Schwingungssystem), KAS Kanalserver[Andrej] Kolmogorov - [Wladimir] Arnold - [Jürgen] Moser KASCADE Karlsruhe Shower Core and Array Detector (für kosmische Strahlung, seit KATHY Key1996) Authentication KAVA Kommission für Allgemeine und Vergleichende Archäologie (Bonn) KB Knowledge Base kbit/s kilobits per second kbps kilobit/Sekunde (= 1024 Bits/Sekunde) KCAS Knots Calibrated Airspeed KDC Key-Distribution Center KDE K Desktop Environment KDI Keybord and Display KDP Kaliumdihdrogenphosphat KDT Kammer der Technik (Ostdeutsche Ingenieure) KDV Kriegsdienstverweigerer KE Kentucky (US-Staat) KEG Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KEK [National Laboratory for High-Energy Physics] (Tsukuba, Japan) KEMAR Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustic Research KEOPS Krystal European in-Orbit Positioning System KEP Kurier, Express, Paket KET Komitee für Elementarteilchenphysik KFA Forschungszentrum Jülich KFC Konferenz der Fachbereiche Chemie KfK Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe KFN Komitee für die Forschung mit Neutronen KFP Konferenz der Fachbereiche Physik der Deutschen Hochschulen KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau Kfz Kraftfahrzeug KGN Körperschall-Geräuschnormal KGSW Known Good Software kgV kleinstes gemeinsames Vielfaches KHK Koronare Herzkrankheit KHM Kunsthochschule für Medien (Köln) KI künstliche Intelligenz KIAS Knots Indicated Airspeed KIE Kintetsu International Express (Übersee-Büros von KNT) KIF Knowledge Interchange Format KIS Kiepenheuer-Institut für Sonnenphysik (Freiburg) KIS Knowbot Information Service (Rechnernetz-Service) KIS Kontaktstellen-Informations-Service KIS Krankenhausinformationssystem KIST Korean Institute for Science and Technology KKK Kryo-Kanal Köln (DLR, Köln, Porz-Wahnheide) KKW Kernkraftwerk KL Kathodenlumineszenz KL künstliches Leben KMG Koordinatenmessgerät KMI Knowledge Media Institute (UK, Fernuniversität) KMI Körpermasse-Index (= BMI = M/L2, M: Körpermasse, L: Körperlänge) KMK Ständige(Optimum: Konferenz 20 ... 25 kg/m2)der Kultusminister der Länder in der Bundesrepublik KMU kleineDeutschland und mittlere Unternehmen (bis 1000 Beschäftigte) [= SME] KNN künstliches neuronales Netz(werk) KNT Kinki Nippon Tourist (Japanisches Tourismus-Unternehmen) KOps Kilo-Operations KOSEF Korea Science Engineering Foundation KOSIMO Konfliktsimulationsmodell (Institut für Politische Wissenschaft, Heidelberg) KOTN Knights of the Night KOTT Knights of the Triangle KOWI Koordinierungsstelle (EG) der Wissenschaftsorganisationen (der KP KeyBundesrepublik Point Deutschland) (Bonn) (EU) KPGLB Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt und Bergakademie KQML Knowledge, Query and Manipulation Language KR Kommunikationsrechner KS Kansas (US-Staat) KS Kingstone KSE Konventionelle Streitkräfte in Europa (Vertrag über ...) KSTAR Korean Superconductivity Tokamak Advanced Research KSZE Konferenz(Fusionsreaktorprojekt) über Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa KTAS Knots True Airspeed KTB Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (= ICDP) KTBA Mean Time Betwenn Arising of System KTG Kerntechnische Gesellschaft KTP Kaliumtitanylphosphat KTP Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm KTS Knots Locator KVK Krankenversicherungskarte KVVL Kliminalle Veleinigung von Lichteln KW II. Kaiser-Wilhelm II. KWG Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften KWI Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut KWIC Keyword in Context Index (,,permutierter Index'') KWU Kraftwerk Union L Left L L/M throughout D & D NH90 L2CAP Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (Telekommunikation) L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (Datenübertragung) LA Local Area LA Linear Arithmetic LA Linear Arithmetic Synthesis LA Local Authority LA Lousiana (US-Staat) LAAPD Large-Area Avalanche Photodiode LABS Low Altitude Bobming System LAC Low Authority Control LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) LAH Light Attack Helicopter LAK Lymphokine Activated Killer (Zellen) LAM Local Area Multicomputer LAM Location Accuracy Matrix LAMA Large-Aperture Mirror Array (of LZTs) LAMPF Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility LAMPS Light Airborne Multi-purpose System LAMS Load Alleviation and Mode Stabilization (Flugzeug) LAMS Local Anti Missile System LAN Local Area Network (Rechnernetze) LANE Local Area Network Emulation (Telekommunikation) LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA) LANSCE Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANL) LANTIRN Low Altitude Navigation Targeting IR at Night LAP LAN Access Point LaRC Langley Research Center (NASA) LARC Livermore Automatic Research Computer (1955) LAS Lateral Active Suspension LASCO Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronograph (an Bord von SOHO) Laser Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LASIK Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis (Augenchirurgie) LASSO Langfristige Anwendungen seilgefesselter Systeme im Orbit LAT Latitude LBA Luftfahrt-Bundesamt (German civil Certification authority) LBD (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Access-Lockdatei) LBD Link Balance Detection LBF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Betriebsfestigkeit (Darmstadt) LBG Lautsprachbegleitende Gebärden LBL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (CA, USA) LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA, USA) LBR Laser Beam Recorder LBS Landesbausparkasse LBS Location-Based Services (Telekommunikation) LBSF Local Back Surface Field (Solarzellen) LBT Large Binocular Telescope (Steward Observatory, AZ, USA) LC Link Control (Telekommunikation) LC Liquid Chromatography LC Liquid Crystal LC Laptop Computer LCA Large Corporate Accounts LCA Liquid Crystal Array LCB Logistic Configuration Baseline LCC Life-Cycle-Costs LCD Liquid Crystal Display LCE liquid crystal emulsions LCF Low Cycle Fatigue LCLS LINAC Coherent Light Source LCN Load Classification Number LCNP Lawyers' Committee on Nuclear Policy (USA) LCOS Liquid Crystal on Silicon (Chip) LCP Link Control Protocol LCP Local Connection Point LC-PCF Liquid Crystal Photonic Crystal Fibre LCR Limited Combat Ready LCS Line Connection Subsystem (Datennetz) LCS Location Services (Telekommunikation) LCT Large Coil Task (Karlsruhe) LCT Line Coding Techniques LCTC Low Cost Tooling for Composites LCU Local Communications Unit LCVD Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition LD Laserdiode LD letal dose LDA Landing Distance available LDA Laser Doppler Anemometer, Laser Doppler Anemometry LDA Low-Density Amorphous (Ice) LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (Telekommunikation) LDC Long Distance Call LDD Logical Data Dictionary LDF Local Density Functional LDL Low-Density Lipoprotein LDL Low-Density Liquid LDNS Lightweight Doppler Navigation System LDP Label Distribution Path (Telekommunikation) LDP Landing Decision Point LDPC Low Density Parity Check LDPE Low Density Polyethylene LDR Large Disployable Reflector (Satelliten) LDR Light Dependent Resistor LDR Location Deferred Request LDS Lower-Data-Strobe (Atari) LDV Laser Doppler Velocimetry LE Light Edition LE Linear Equation LE Leading edge LEAP Lasers and Electro-Optics Application Program (CLEO/LEAP) LEAP Lightweight Extensible Agent Platform (Agenten-Plattform für Mobiltelefone) LEAR Low Energy Antiproton Ring (CERN) LEBU Large Eddy Break-up Device LEC Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell LEC Liquid Encapsulated Czochralski (Kristallzuchtverfahren) LEC Local Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) LECIS Laboratory Equipment Control Interface Specification LED Light emitting diode LED Light-Emitting Diode LEEM Low Energy Electron Microscopy LEG Great Circle Path Joining Vaypoint Pair LEI Laser Enhanced Iionization LEI Local Employment Initiatives for Women (EU) LEM Local Element Manager (Kommunikation) LEMP Lightning Electro Magnetic Pulse LEMS Long End Multiple System (militärisches Aufklärungssystem, USA) LEN Laboratoire Energie Nuisances (Teil von INRETS) LENS (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Florenz, I) LEO Low Earth Orbit (Satellit) LEO Low. Earth Orbit LEOS Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (IEEE) LEP Large Electron Positron Collider (CERN) LEP Linear Error Prediction LER Label Edge Router (Telekommunikation) LES Linear Equation Solver LESD Local Exhaustive Search Decoder LEST Large Earth-Based Solar Telescope LET Linear Energy Transfer LETI (Forschungslaboratorium der CEA in Grenoble) LEU Low-Enriched Uranium (?) (niedrig angereichertes Uran) LF Line Feed (Printer) LF Low Frequency LF Low Frequency (30 - 300 kHz) LFC Laminar Flow Control LFD Laser Forging Device LFM Lateral Force Microscopy LFSR Linear Feedback Shift Register LFUD Laser Forging Underwater Device LFX Laser Fix Lfz Landfahrzeug LG Landing Gear LGN Law of Great Numbers LGPL Lesser General Public License LGWS Later Generation Wireless System LH Left Hand LHASA Logic and Heuristics Applied to Synthetic Analysis LHC Large Hadron Collider (CERN, geplant für 2004-2005) LHCC LHC Committee LHD Large Helical Device (NIFS) LHD Left Hemisphere Damage (Hirnschäden) LHF Local Hidden Variable (Quantentheorie) LHOX Low and High Pressure Oxygen LHX Light Helicopter Experimental LIA Laser Institute of America (Toledo, OH, USA) LIBS Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy LIC Licence LIC Local Interstellar Cloud LID Local Injection and Detection (Kommunikation) LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging LIF Laser Induced Fluorescence LIF Location Interoperability Forum (Telekommunikation) LIF-ENSTA-X (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Palaiseau, Frankreich) LIGA-Verfahren Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformtechnik [Röntgentiefenlithographie mit LIGO LaserSynchrotronstrahlung, Interferometer Gravitational kombiniert mitWave galvanischer Observatory Metallabscheidung (Livingston, LA, USA,und LIM LineEinweihung:verschiedenen Interface Nov. Module Abformprozessen] 1999, Messungen ab 2002) LIMS Laboratory Information Management System, Labor-Informations- und Managementsystem (Qualitätssicherung) LIN Linear LINAC Linear Accelerator (50 GeV, Stanford, SLAC) LIPS Light Intensity Pressure Sensor LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (Gravitationswellendetektor aus 3 LISB Leit-Satelliten, und Informationssystem geplant für 2011) Berlin (Verkehrsführung) LISM Local Interstellar Medium LISP List Programming (or: Processing) LiST Laser-induziertes Spannungs-Trennverfahren (Glasschneiden) LITE Lidar-in-Space Technology LITT Laser-Induced Interstitial Tomography LIVA Light-Induced Voltage Alteration LIVE Liquid Inertia Vibration Eliminator LK Lake (US Mail) LK Leistungskurs LKW Lastkraftwagen LL Leased Line (Telekommunikation) LL Leichte Löcher (Halbleiterphysik) LL Lower Layer LLC (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Lund, Schweden) LLC Limited-Liability Company LLC Logical Link Control (Telekommunikation) LLCC Leadless Chip Carrier LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene LLG Laser-Laboratium Göttingen LLLTV Low Light Level Television LLMHR Life Limited Items Rework Manhours per LLMHR 1 Flying Hour at Depot Level LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (Livermore, CA, USA) LLOSC Low-Level Computer Software Component LLPR Log-Likelyhood Probability Ratio LLR Log-Likelihood Ratio LLR-BP Log-Likelihood Ratio Belief Propagation LLRRHHR 1 per Flying Hour at Organisational Level Cost per Flying Hour of LLRRMHR Life Limited Items and Replace Manhours . LLSPC Life Limited Spare Parts Consumption in System LLSPC 1 LLTP Lower Layer Transfer Protocol LLTV Low Light Television LLW Low-Level Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) LM Link Manager (Telekommunikation) LM Linear Matrix LMA, L.M.A. Laboratoire de la mécanique et d'acoustique (CNRS, Marseille, France) LMDS Local Multichannel (or: Multipoint) Distribution Service(s) LMDS Local Multi-Point Distribution System LMIS Liquid Metal Ion Sources LMS Least Mean Square (Algorithmus) LMT Large Millimeter Telescope (Mexico) LMT Local Maintenance Terminal (Telekommunikation) LMU Local Mobile Unit (Telekommunikation) LMU Location Measurement Unit (Telekommunikation) LMU Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (München) LMXB Low-Mass X-Ray Binary (Röntgendoppelstern) LN Lane (US Mail) LN Legal Node LNA Low Noise Amplifier LNB Low-Noise Block (Converter) LNC Low-Noise Converter (Telekommunikation) LND Low-Noise Device LNG Liquified Natural Gas (für den Transport verflüssigtes Erdgas) LNGS [Nationallabor Gran Sasso] (Italien) LNK (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows-Linkdatei) LO Local Oscillator (Telekommunikation) LOA Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée (Ecole Polytechnique, Frankreich) LOAL Lock on after Launch LOBL Lock on before Launch LOC Lab-on-a-Chip LOC Localizer LOCD List of Documents relevant for the C/O in the NH90 Programme LOCOS Local Oxidation of Silicon; Lokale Oxidation von Silizium LOE Lasers and Optical Engineering (Conference) LOFAR Low Frequency Analysis and Recording LOH Light Observation Helicopter LOKAL Leckortung durch Korrelationsanalyse LOM List of Matrial LONG Longetude LOP Local Operating Procedure LoQD List of Documents Relevant to the C/Q LORAN Long Range Navigation LORAS Low Range Airspeed System LOS Line of Sight LOS Line of Sight (Telekommunikation) LOT Lapped Orthogonal Transform LOTAWS Laser Obstacle Terrain Avoidance Warning Sysem LOTIS Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System (USA) LOTS Logistic-over-the Shore LOVA Low Vulnerability Ammunition (Sprengstoff) LOVER Local Verification (Atomenergie-Kontrolle) LOX Liquid Oxygen LP Larch Prover LP Long Playing [record] Lp Loop LP Löschpanzer (Ölquelle) LP Low Pressure LPC Large Processing Consumption LPC Laser Processing Consortium LPC Linear Predictive Coding LPCVD Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition LPDA Logarithmisch Periodische Dipol Antenne LPE Linear Prediction Encoding LPE Liquid Phase Epitaxy (Waferherstellung) LPF Low Pass Filter LPG Leading Pulse Generator (Circuit) (see also TPG; RPG, FPG) LPH Landing Platform Helicopter LPI Low Probability of Intercept LP-MOVPE Low Pressure Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy LPOX Low pressure Oxygen LPPP Poly(p-Phenylen)-Polymer (für Leuchtdioden) LPS Lens Position Signal (Optical Communication, Holography) LPS Lokales Positionssystem LPS Low Processing Speed LQG Linear Quadratic Gaussian (Control) LQR Linear Quadratic Regulator (Control) LRC Lokale realistische Theorie LRI Line Replaceable Item LRL Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (Berkeley, CA, USA) LRT Laser Ray Tracing LRTNF Long-Range Theatre Nuclear Forces LRU Line Replaceable Unit. LRZ Leibniz-Rechenzentrum (München) LS Lautsprecher LS Least Square(s) LS Local Strategy LS Location Service (Telekommunikation) LS Link Search LS & C Local Space & Communications (Telekommunikation) LS(A/D) Logistic Support (Analysis/Date) LSA Local Small Area LSA Local Search Algorithm LSA Least Square Algorithm LSA Link State Advertisement (Telekommunikation) LSA Logistic Support Analysis LSB Least Significant Bit LSB Lower Side Band LSB Low-Surface-Brightness (Galaxien) LSBMSDS Local Search Based Multi-Step Detection Scheme LSDB Link State Database (Telekommunikation) LSE Low Surface Energy LS-GMLC Location Server-Gateway Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation) LSIU Light Stores Interface Unit LSK Line Selector Key LSM La1-xSrxMnO3 (Material für Brennstoffzelle) LSM Laser Scanning Microscope LSM Link Security Management (Telekommunikation) LSND Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector LSP Label Switch Path LSP Label(ed) Switch(ed) Path (Telekommunikation) LSP Line Spectral Pair (LPC-Analyse) LSPD Link State Path Database (Telekommunikation) LSPP Logistic Support Programme Plan LSR Label Switched Router (Telekommunikation) LSR Laser Range Finder LSS Large Space Structure LSST Large-Aperture Synoptic Survey Telescope (geplant) LSSTP Large Space Structures Technology Program LST Laser Scattering Tomograph LST Low Speed Tunnel LSW Least Signification Word LT Line Termination (Kommunikation) LT Lenght Throughput LTA Landesmuseum für Technik und Arbeit (Mannheim) LTA Large Tranceiver Array LTCC Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic(s) LTD Laser Display Technology Ltd. Limited (GB, entspricht Aktiengesellschaft oder GmbH) LTER Long Term Ecological Research LTG Light LTM Lower Triangular Matrix LTP Long-Term Potentiation (Neurologie) LTR Long Terminal Repeats (Viren) LTS Lights LTS Location Tracker System LTS Location Tracker System LTS Low-Tc Superconductor LTV Life Time Value LTV Light Tactical Vehicle LUF Lowest Usable Frequency LULI Laboratoire Utilisation des Lasers Intense (Laboratory for the Use of High LUN LogicalPower Laser) Unit Number (France) LUPO Luminescent Polymer LURE Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation du Rayonnement Electromagnétique (Ile de LURE LunarFrance) Laser Ranging LVDT Linear Variable Differential Transducer LVDT Linear Voltage Differential Transformer LW Longitudinal Wave LW Linear Weigth LWA Landesamt für Wasser und Abfall (Düsseldorf) LWDRM Light Weight Digital Rights Management LWFA Laser Wakefield Accelerator (Plasmabeschleuniger) LWL Lichtwellenleiter LWR Laser Warning Receiver LWR Lower LZ Landing Zone LZB Linienzugbeeinflussung LZF LZB-Fahrzeugeinrichtung LZH (Dateinamenerweiterung: Archivdatei mit komprimierten Inhalten) LZH Laser Zentrum Hannover LZT Large Zenith Telescope (proposed, with spinning mercury mirror) M Mode M M. IEM Master of IEM M.S. Master of Science M.Sc. Master of Science M/S Master/Slave M2E Mouth-to-Ear (Telekommunikation) M2UA MTP2-User Adaptation Layer M3UA MTP3-User Adaptation Layer MA Massachusetts (US-Staat) MA Mission Analysis MA Moving Average (gleitende Mittelung, Glättungsfilter) MA Maximum Accuracy MAB Man and Biosphere (Naturschutz) MAC Marine Aquatic Council (Internationale nichtkommerzielle Organisation) MAC Medium Access Control (Layer) (DECT) MAC Message Authenticity Check (or: Code) (Datennetz) MAC Military Airlift Command MACC Military area control center MACH Multiple Active Computer-Generated Hologram MACHO Massive Astrophysical Compact Halo Objects MAC-hs Medium Access Control-high speed MacOS Macintosh Operating System MACRO Monopole, Astrophysics and Cosmic Ray Observatory (Gran Sasso, Italien) MAD Magnetic Anomaly Detector MAD Magnetron Activated Deposition (Dünne Schichten) MAD Missile Approach Detector MADCAP Multicast Address Dynamic Client Allocatin Protocol (cryptography) MADR Maximum Achievable Data Rate MAF Maritime Amphibious Forces MAGIC Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov Telescope (La Palma, Maglev MagneticKanarische Levitation Inseln) MAHRSI Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation MAI Multilateral Agreement on Invenstion MAISEC Material-Informationssystem für elektronische Komponenten MAK Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration MALDI Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization MALVINE Manuscripts and Letters via Integrated Networks in Europe MAM Missed Approach Point MAMI Mainzer Mikrotron (Elektronenbeschleuniger) MAMS Master Avionic Management System MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nürnberg MAN Metroploitan Area Networks MAN Metropolitan Area Network MAN Metropolitan Area Network (Rechnernetze) MANIAC Mathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator, and Computer (Los Alamos, MAO MethylaluminoxanNM, USA, ca. 1950) (Katalysator) MAP Aeronautical Maps and Charts MAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol (Datennetz von GM) MAP Medium Access Protocol MAP Microwave Anisotropy Probe (Satellit, Astrophysik) MAP Miniaturisierung, Automatisierung und Parallelisierung (Chemie-Forschung) MAP Mobile Application Part (Telekommunikation) MAP Multimedia-Arbeitsplatz MAPL Maximum Allowable Path Loss (Telekommunikation) MAPLE Matrix-Assisted Pulsed-Laser Evaporation MAPOS Multi-Agent Platform for Online Services (Telekommunikation) MAPS Maintenance Analysis Procedures System MARAS Marine Radiometric Spectrometer MART Mean Active Repair Time MAS Magnetic Sensor MAS Master of Advanced Studies MAS MIMO Antenna System Maser Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation MASIF Mobile Agent Systems Interoperability Facility (Telekommunikation) MASS Master Arm Safety Switch MAST Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak (Culham, UK) MATE Modular Automatic Test Equipment MathML Mathematical Markup Language MATLAB Matrix Laboratory (Software) MAU Million Accounting Units (Europ. Raumfahrt; 1988: 1 MAU = 1,14 Mill.$) MAUW Maximum Ail-Up Weight MAW Missile Advanced warning MAW Missile Approach Warner MAXIMA Millimeter Anisotropy Experiment Imaging Array (Ballon-Experiment) MB Marker Beacon MB Mega Business MB Megabyte (= 1024 kB = 1048576 Bit) MB Memory Block MBA Master of Business Administration MBB Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, München MBE Molecular-Beam Epitaxy MBI Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (Berlin- MBMS MultimediaAdlershof) Broadcast Multicast Service MBO Management Buy Out MBPC Model Based Predictive Control MBSL Multi-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Mehrblasenlumineszenz MBSP Mapping By Set Partioning MBWA Mobile Broadband Wireless Access MC Magnetic Compass MC Main Computer MC Master Caution MC Megacycles MC Monte-Carlo (Simulation) MC Multipath Channel MC(S/U) Mission Computer (System/Unit) MCAO Multiconjugate Adaptive Optics MCB Media Control Board MCC Mobile Competence Center (Telekommunikation) MCC Mobile Country Code MCCDMA Multi Carrier Code Division Multiple Access MCCH Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service Control Channel MCCM Meterology Climate Chemistry Model MCD Magnetic Circular Dichroism MCD Mobile Communication Division MCD Monitor Control Display MCDAD Magnetic Circular Dichroism in Angular Distribution M-CDR Mobility Management - Call Detail Record MC-DS-CDMA Multi Carrier Direct Spread Multi Carrier Code Division Multiple Access MCFC Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell MCG Magneto-Cummulative Generator MCHA Music and Concert Hall Acoustics (International Symposium) MCI Multi Channel Interference MCI Multimedia Control Interface MCM Multi-Chip Module MCO Mars Climate Observer MCP Maximum Continuous Power MCP Microchannel Plate, Mikrokanalplatte, Vielkanalplattendetektor MCPC Multiple Channel per Carrier (Telekommunikation) MCS Modulation Constellation Size MCS Mathematics Subjects Classification MCSCF Multi-Configuration Self-Consistent-Field (-Rechnung, Molekülphysik) MCT Missile Carried Torpedo MCT Mobile Communications Terminal MCT Multimedia Communication Technology (Telecom) MC-TDMA Multi Carrier Time Division Multiple Access MCU Master Controller Unit MCU Modular Concept Unit MD Main Diagonal MD Maryland (US-Staat) MD Medical Doctor MD Modular Design MDA Missile Defense Agency (USA) MDA/H Minimum Descent Altitude/Height MDAQ Mediation and Data Acquisition (Telekommunikation) MDB (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Access-Datenbank) MDB Maintenance Data Base MdB Mitglied der Bundestages MdB Mitglied des Bundes Tages MDC Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (Berlin-Buch) MDC Miniature Detonation Card MDCT Multidetektor-Spiral-Computertomograph MdEP Mitglied des Europäischen Parlaments MDF Main Distribution Frame MDF mitteldichte Faserplatte MDI Diphenylmethylendiisocyanat MDI Michelson Doppler Imager (an Bord von SOHO) MdL Mitglied des Landtages MDM Multiplex/Demultiplex Module MDOF Multi-Degree-of-Freedom (System) MDR Multi-Drug Resistance (Gene) MDS Monitoring and Diagnostic System MDS Multipoint Distribution System (Telekommunikation) MDS Multiple Data Stream MDU Magnet Detector Unit MDU Multiple Dwelling Units (Telekommunikation) MDV Medizinische Datenverarbeitung ME Magnitude Error (Telekommunikation) ME Maine (US-Staat) ME Manchester Encoding ME Millenium Edition (Microsoft Windows) ME Mobile Entity (or: Equipment) (Telekommunikation) M-E Magneto-Electric MEAS Measurement MECCA Mechanized Catalog System MED Minimum Euclidean Distance SP Set Partitioning MED Multi-Exit Discriminator MEDEA Microelectronics Development for European Applications MEDEVAC Medical Evacuation MEET Man Models for Simulation of Electromagnetic, Elastomechanic and Thermic MEF MetropolitainBehaviour of ManEthernet Forum (Telekommunikation) MEF Mobile Entertainment Forum MEFX Multiple Error Filtered-x (Algorithm) MEG Magnet(o)enzephalographie, Magnetoencephalography MeGaCo Media Gateway Control MEGACO Media Gateway Controller (Telekommunikation) MEI Maintenance and Engineering Inspection MEL Master Equipment List MEL Minimum Equipment List MELCO Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELDOQ Melanomdokumentierung und -quantifizierung MELECON Mediterraneau Electrotechnical Conference MELP Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction (Sprachcodierung) MEM Maximum Entropy Method MEM Micro-Electronic Micro Machine MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems MEO Medium Earth Orbit MEOSS Monocular Electro-Optical Stereo Scanner MEP Mission Equipment Package MER Modulation Error Rate MERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (ENVISAT) MERLIN Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer (Astrophysik) MES Manufacturing Execution System MES Manufacturing Execution Systems MESA Microsystems and Engineering Science Application (Albuquerque, NM, USA: MESFET Metalgeplant Semiconductor für 2004) Field Effect Transistor MET Memory Enhancement Technology MET/Grp/O Meteorological/Group/Office META Megachannel Extraterrestrial Assay (Suche nach außerirdischer Intelligenz) METAR Aviation Routine Weather Report METI Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) METRIC Exploitation of Bibliometric Data in National Bibliographic Databases METS Modular Engine Test System MExE Mobile Station Execution Environment (Telekommunikation) MEXH Multiple-Energy X-Ray Holography MEZ Missile Engangement Zone MF Medium Frequency MF Medium Frequency (0,3 - 3 MHz) MF Motion Flag MFAS Multi Frame Alignment Signal MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes MFCS Manual Flight Control System MFD Multi Function Display MFIE magnetic field integral equation MFLAME Multi-Function Future Laser Atmospheric Equipment (Brite Euram Project) MFM Magnetic Force Microscopy MFP Multi Function Peripheral MfS Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (DDR) MFS Multi-BSS Fast Packet Server (Telekommunikation) MG Media Gateway (Telekommunikation) MGB Main Gear Box MGC Media Gateway Controller (Telekommunikation) MGC Micro-Gap Gas Counter MGCF Media Gateway Control Function (Telekommunikation) MGE Maintenance Ground Equipment MGH Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA, USA) MGS Mars Global Surveyor MGT Measured Gas Temperatur MGU (Moskauer Staatliche Universität) MGW Media GateWay (Telekommunikation) MHB Magnus-Haus Berlin (DPG) MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex (Biochemie) MHD Magnetohydrodynamic (Fusionsreaktortechnik) MHDG Magnetic Heading MHFK Maintenance Hour per Flight Hour MHH Medizinische Hochschule Hannover MI Michigan (US-Staat) MIB Managament Information Base MIC [IASTED International Conference on] Modelling, Identification and Control MIC Mikroelektronik Centret (DK-Lyngby) MIC Minimal-Invasive Chirurgie MICAPEX Minimum Initial Capital Expenditure MID (Dateinamenerweiterung: MIDI-Datei) MIDI Musical Instruments Digital Interface MIDP Mobile Intelligent Device Profile MIEM Mission of the IEM MIF Makrophagen-Inhibitionsfaktor MIIR Méthode d'isolement et d'identification des résonances MIKSS (gesprochen: "mix") Media Object Interlock and Synthesis (Video description MIL [Departmentlanguage) of Defense] (Internet, USA) MilAIP Military Aeronautical Information Publication MILCOM Military Communications Conference MILS Milli Inches MIM Maintenance Instruction Manual MIMD Multiple Instruction / Multiple Data (Parallelrechner) MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail(ing) Extension(s) MIMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits MIMO Multiple Input - Multiple Output (Controller, System) MIMO SMS Multiple Input - Multiple Output Spatial Multiplexing Systems MIMOCC MIMO Communication Channel MIMOS Miniaturisiertes Mössbauer-Spektrometer MIMP Mega-Imperium MIN Mobile Identification Number MIND Malicious Intermediate Network Node MINUET Minnesota Internet User's Essential Tool (Rechnernetz-Server) MIO Memory Input Output MIO Modular I/O (HP) MIOT MIDI In, Out & Through MIP Material Improvement Program MIP Mesh Insertion Point (radiant network) MIPAS Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (ENVISAT) MIPS Million instructions (Mega-Instructions) per second MIPS Million Instructions per Second MIPS Münchner Informationszentrum für Proteinsequenzen MIR Middle Infra Red MIRV Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicle MIRV Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles MIS Management Information System MISACT Multiple Interacting Sensors and Actuators MISIM Metal-Isolator-Semiconductor-Isolator-Metal MISO Multiple Input - Single Output (Controller, System) MISR Multiangle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) MIT Management Information Tree MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT minimal-invasives Therapieverfahren MITI [Institut für] Minimalinvasive therapeutische Interventionen (TU München) MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan) MIU Missile Interface Unit MIUH Medizinisches Institut für Umwelthygiene (Düsseldorf) MKG Magnetokardiographie mks Meter - Kilogramm - Sekunde (SI-Maßsystem) ML Maximum Likelihood ML Mine Laying MLA Modern Language Association MLC Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation) MLC Multi Look Complex MLC Multileaf Collimator (Röntgentechnik) MLCF Maximum Likelihood Confidence Factor MLD Maximum Likelyhood Detector (see e.g. EP1895726A1) MLD Mission Launch Detector MLD Multi Look Detected MLDS MLD Scheme MLE Maximum Likelihood Estimation MLE Medium to Large Enterprise MLG Main Landing Gear MLH Medium Lift Helicopter MLI Message Lenght Indication MLI Message Lenght Information MLO Mycoplasma-like Organism MLP Mobile Location Protocol (Telekommunikation) MLP Multi-Layer Perceptron MLPR Maximum Likelihood Partial Response MLRS Multi Launch Rocket System MLS Microwave Landing System MLS Mikrowellenlandesystem MLTS Maximum Likelihood Transmit Signal MLTSV Most Likely Transmit Signal Vector MLTU Monitoring and Line Transmission Unit (Telekommunikation) MM Middler marker MM Missile Master MM Mobile Management (Telekommunikation) MM Multi Mode (Telekommunikation) MM Multimedia MMAS MultiMedia Application Server (Telekommunikation) MMC Maintainance, Monitoring and Control MMC Multimedia Multiparty Conferencing MMCF Multimedia Communication Forum MMCOI Multimedia Communication Comments of Interest MMCOM Mobile Millimeter Communications (IEEE Workshop) MMCP Master Mode Control Panel MMCS MultiMedia Call Server (Telekommunikation) MMD Mission Management Display MMD Multimedia Domain MMDS MultiMedia Distribution System (Telekommunikation) MMDS Multi-Point Distribution Systems MMG Massive Multi-Player Online Games MMH/R Maintenance Han Hour/Rate MMI Man-Machine Interface MMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit(ry) MMIO Multimedia Input Output MMP Matrix MetalloProteases (medicine) MMPM Multimedia Presentation Manager (by IBM) MMS Manufacturing Message Standard MMS Mast Mounted Sight MMS Mission Management System MMS Multimedia Messaging Service (Telekommunikation) MMSC Multimedia Message System Center MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error MMSE Multimedia Services Environment (Telekommunikation) MMSEE MMSE Equalization MMT Monolithic Mirror Telescope (University of Arizona) MMTBF Mission Mean Time Between Failure MMU Memory Management Unit MMW Milimeter Wave MMX Multi Media Extensions MN Malcious Node MN Minnesota (US-Staat) MNC Mobile Network Codes MNC Mobile Network Code MNOS Mobile Network Operators MNPQ Mess-, Normen-, Prüf- und Qualitätswesen MNT Mononitrotoluol MNU Deutscher Verein zur Förderung des mathematischen und MO Missourinaturwissenschaftlichen (US-Staat) Unterrichts MO Master Oscillator MOB Main Operational Base MoB Member of the Board MoBIC Mobilität für Blinde durch die Interaktion mit einem Computer MOCS Modulated on Carrier Signal MOCVD Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition MOD Ministery Of Defence MODFET Modulation-Doped Field Effect Transistor, Modulations-dotierter Feldeffekt- MODIS ModerateTransistor Imaging Spectroradiometer (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) MOE Molecular Operating Environment MOEL Mittel- und Osteuropäische Länder MOEMS Micro-Opto-Electromechanical System (Telekommunikation) MOLA Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter MOLI Microsoft Online Learning Institute MOM Maintenance and Overhaul Manual MOM Message Oriented Middleware MOM Message Oriented Middleware MOMBE Metallorganische Molekularstrahlepitaxie MOMS Modularer Optoelektronischer Multispektral-Scanner Mon Monitor MON Monitor/Monitoring MONET Mobile Network (Telekommunikation) MOPA Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (Telekommunikation) MOPITT Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) MOS Mean Opinion Score (Telekommunikation) MOS Metal-Oxide Semiconductor MOS Monitor-Server MOSA Ministry of Science and the Arts (Israel) MOSFET Metalloxid-Silicium-Feldeffekt-Transistor Metal Oxide Field-Effect Transistor MOSIS MOSSemiconductor Implementation System MOST Ministry of Science and Technology (Korea) MOT Magneto-Optic Trap MOT Manufacturing Qualification Test MOT Mean Operation Time MoU Memorandum of Understanding MOU Memorandum of Understanding MOV (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei) MOVIC International Conference on Motion and Vibration Control MOVPE Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy MOX Mixed-Oxide Fuel, Mischoxid (Kernreaktor) MP Mock-up pup MP Multilink PPP MP North Mariana Island (US Mail) MP.lambda.S Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching (optische Telekommunikation) MP3 MPEG Layer 3 (Dateinamenerweiterung: Audio-Datei) MPA Maritime Patrol Aircraft MPAC Mission Preparation and Analysis Center MPAe Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie (Lindau/Harz) MPC Material Program Codes MPC Model Predictive Control(ler) MPD Multi-Purpose Display MPDR Multipoint Digital Radio (Telekommunikation) MPE Maximum Permissible Exposure MPE Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (Garching) MPEG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei) MPEG Motion (or: Moving) Picture(s) Expert(s) Group (Bildcodierung) MPEP Manual of Patent Examining Procedure (Patent Bar) MPG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei) MPG Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. MPI Max-Planck-Institut MPI Message Passing Interface (Parallelrechner) MPI Multi-Photonen-Ionisation MPIC Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (Mainz) MPIF Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung (Stuttgart) MPIRE Massively Parallel Interactive Rendering Environment MPIZ Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung (Köln) MPL Mars Polar Lander MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching (Rechnernetze) MPM Message Processing Module MPM Microstructured Photonic Material MPMP Microwave Point to Multipoint (Telekommunikation) MPMS Magnetic Property Measurement System MPOA Multi-Protocol over ATM (Rechnernetze) MPP Massively Parallel Processing (Rechner) MPPI Moore- Penrose Pseudo-Inverse MPQ Max-Plack-Institut für Quantenoptik (Garching) MPR Multi-Path Routing (Telekommunikation) MPRESS (Mathematik-Literaturservice) MPS Max Planck Society (MPG in englischen Texten) MPS Mission Planning System MPSR Multi-Path Self Routing (Telekommunikation) MPT Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (Japan) MPW Maximum Permissible Weight MPWS Multi-Protocol Wavelength Switching (Telekommunikation) MPX Multiplex MQW Multiple Quantum Well MR Magnetresonanz (-Tomographie) MR Main Rotor MR Maintenance Recorder MRA Mutual Recognition Arrangement (Metrologie) MRAALS Marine Remote Area Approach Landing System MRAM Magnetic Random Access Memory MRAO Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (bei Cambridge, UK) MRB Material Review Board MRBM Medium-Range Ballistic Missile MRC Magnetic Recording Channel MRF (Multi)Media Resource Function (Telekommunikation) MRF Magnetorheological Fluid MRF Multimedia Resource Function MRFM Magnetic Resonance Force Microscope (und: ... Microscopy) MRH Main Rotor Hub MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI Monopulse Resolution Improvement MRM Magnetresonanz-Mikroskopie mRNA Messenger RNA MRO Magdalena Ridge Observatory (New Mexico, USA) MRO Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul MRP Manufacturing Resource Planning MRP Market Representation Partners (Telekommunikation) MRP Material Resource Planning MRP Mutual Recognition Procedure (Pharma) MRRU Maximum Receive Reconstructed Unit MRS Modified Received Signal MRS Materials Research Society (USA) MRS Media Ressource Service (SIPI) MRT Magnetresonanz-Tomographie MRU Maximum Receive Unit; Most Recently Used MS Mass Spectrometry MS Material Support MS Media Server (Telekommunikation) MS Member State MS Miscellaneous System MS Mississippi (US-Staat) MS Mobile Station MS Mobile Station (Telekommunikation) MS Modulation Scheme MS Multiple Sklerose MS Mobile Service MS(P) Material Support (Plan) MSA Minimum safe altitude MSAM Multi-Service Access Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) MSAS Multi-Function Transport Satellite-Based Augmentation System MSB Most(Satellitennavigation, Significant Bit Japan) MSC Major Subordinate Commander MSC Message Sequence Chart (Telekommunikation) MSC Mobile (Services) Switching Centre (Telekommunikation) MSC Mobile Switching Center MSD Mass Selective Detector MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System MSE Mean Square Error MSE Mission Success Evaluation MSE Mobile Station Equipment M-Sequence Maximal Length Sequence MSG Message MSG Meteosat Second Generation (geplant für 2000) MSGC Micro-Strip Gas Detector MSI Medium Scale Integration MSIN Mobil Subscriber Identity Number MSIP Multistage Improvement Program MSISDN Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital Network MSISDN Mobile Station ISDN Number MSK Minimum (or: Maximum) Shift Keying (Datenübertragung) MSL Mean Sea Level MSL Missile MSM Metal-Semiconductor-Metal (Photodetektoren) MSMLD Multi-Step Maximum Likelyhood Decoder MSMS Mutual security military sales MSN Microsoft Network (Datennetz) MSN Moscow Society of Naturalists MSN Multi-Service Node (Telekommunikation) MSO Multiple System Operators MSO Multiple Systems Operators (Telekommunikation) MSOP Mini Small Outline Package (SMD-Gehäuse) MSP Mobile Service Provider (Telekommunikation) MSP Multiplex Section Protection MSRI Mathematical Science(s) Research Institute (Berkeley, CA, USA) MSS MAN Switching System MSS Mass Storage System MSS Mobile Satellite System (Telekommunikation) MSS Mobile Subscriber Station MS-SP Multiple Section - Section Protection (Telekommunikation) MS-SPRING Multiple(xer) Section Shared Protection Ring (Telekommunikation) MST Mikrosystemtechnik MST Multiple Spanning Tree (Telekommunikation) MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (Telekommunikation) MSTV Maximum Service Television MSU Michigan State University (USA) MSW Media Switch MSW Most Signification Word MSY Maximal Sustained Yield (Ökonomie) MT Multipath Transmission MT Message Transfer MT mobile Terminal MT Montana (US-Staat) MTA Multiple Transmit Antennas MTB Mountain Bike MTBCD Mean Time Between Confirmed Defects MTBF Mean Time Before Failure (or: Between Failures) MTBF Mean Time Between Failure MTBF Mean Time Between Failures MTBM Mean Time Between Maintenence MTBR Mean Time Between Removal MTC MIDI Timecode MTC Mission Tactical Computer MT-CDMA Tone Multi Carrier Code Division Multiple Access MTCH MBMS PTM traffic channel MTCO Minimum Total Cost of Ownership MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime MTF Modulation Transfer Function MTG Marine-Technik-Gesellschaft (Hamburg) MTG Mikroelektronik- und Technologiegesellschaft (Ostdeutschland) MTI Moving Targeting Indicator MTJ Magnetic Tunnel Junction MTMOS Methyl-Trimethoxysilane MTN Mountain (US Mail) MTN Multilateral Trade Negotiations MTP Message Transfer Part MTR Marked Target Receiver MTR Meter MTS Multiple Transmit Scheme MTS Methods for Testing and Specification (TC im ETSI) MTSat Multifunctional Transport Satellite MTTR Mean Time to Repair MTTR Mean Time To Repair (or: Restore) (Telekommunikation) MTU Maximum Transmission Unit MU Master Unit MUAC Military Upper Area Control Center MUC Munich MUD Multi User Dungeon (or: Dimension, or: Dialog) (Rechnernetz-Spiele) MUF Maximum Usable Frequency MuK Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft MUK Multicast User Key MULTOPS Multi-Level Tree for Online Packet Statistics (Telekommunikation) MURA Midwest University Research Association (USA) MUSC Microgravity User Support Center (DLR, Köln-Porz) MUSE Multiple Sub-Nyquist-Sampling Encoding MUSIC Multiple Signal Classification MUSICAM Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Subband Integrated Coding and MUX MultiplexerMultiplexing (Digitalrundfunk) MUX Multiplexer Mux'ing Multiplexing MV Mega Volt MV Metric Value MVC Metric Value Calculator MVG Moving MVIP Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol (Telekommunikation) MVNO Mobile Virtual Network Operators (Telekommunikation) MVNOs Mobile Virtual Network Operators MVST Multilayer Vertically Stacked Capacitors MVTS Multivariable Technological Systems (IFAC Symposium) MWIF Mobile Wireless Internet Forum (Telekommunikation) MWIR Micro-Wave Integrated Circuit MWK Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst MWM MMSE Weight Matrix MWNT Multi Wall Nanotubes MWR Microwave Radiometer (ENVISAT) MXCD magnetischer Röntgenzirkulardichroismus MZ Mach-Zehnder (Optical Telecom) M-Z Mach-Zehnder (Interferometer, Modulator) MZI Mach-Zehnder-Interferometer N N&CT Nulling And Canceling Technique N.G. No Gear N/A Next Assembly N/A 0 Not Applicable N2 Engine Output RPM (E-RPM) NA Network Aspects (TC im ETSI) NA Normenausschuss NA Not Applicable NA/STAG Network Aspects/Security Techniques Advisory Group (TC im ETSI) NAAG NATO Army Armaments Group NAB National Association of Broadcasters of America NABU Naturschutzbund Deutschland NACA National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (USA) NACCB National Accreditation Council for Certification Bodies (UK) NACCH Network Access and Connectivity Channel (Datenübertragung) NACP National Aids Coordination Program (Simbabwe) NAD Network Access Domain (Telekommunikation) NAD Network Application Division (Telekommunikation) NADDO NATO Design and Development Objective NADGE NATO Air Defence Ground Environment NADI National. Disengagement Intention NAE National Academy of Engineering (USA) NAECON National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (USA) NAEW NATO Airborne Early Warning NAF Network Application Function NAFTA North American Free Trade Area NAG Numerical Algorithms Group (UK) NAH Nearfield Acoustic Holography NAHEMA NATO Helicopter Management Agency NAHEMO NATO Helicopter Management Organisiation NAHSC National Automated Highway System Consortium (San Diego, CA, USA) NAI Network Access Identity NAK Negative Acknowledge Message NALS Normenausschuss Akustik, Lärmminderung und Schwingungstechnik NAMAS National Measurement Accreditation Service (UK) NAMUR Normenausschuss Mess- und Regeltechnik NAO Nordatlantische Oszillation (Wetter) NAOS Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System (für ESO-VLT) NAP Network Access Point (Internet) NAP Network Access Provider NAPO NATO Production Objective NAPT Network Address and Port Translator (Telekommunikation) NARIC National Academic Recognition Information Centre (EU) NARPA National Advanced Research Projects Agency NAS [Scandinavian Acoustical Society] NAS National Academy of Sciences (USA) NAS Network Access Server (Telekommunikation) NAS Network Access Service NAS Network Attached Storage NAS Non Access Stratrum NASA National Aeronautics and Space Agency (USA) NASP National Aerospace Plane NAT Network Address Translation (Telekommunikation) NAT Nitric Acid Trihydrate (HNO3·3(H2O)) NATLAS National Testing Laboratory Accreditation Service (UK) NATO North-Atlantic Treaty Organization NAT-PT Network Address Translation and Protocol Translation NAV Navigation NAV Navigation, Navigate, Navigator NB Narrowband NB Normal Burst (Telekommunikation) NBC Nuclear,Biological,Chemical NBDSV Narrow Band Digital Secure Voice NBFFC Narrow Band Flat Fading Channel Nbg Nuremberg NBI Neutral-Beam Injection (Fusionsreaktortechnik) NBMA Non-Broadcast Multiple Access NBR Acrylo-Nitrile Styrene-Butadiene Rubber NB-RAS Narrowband Remote Access Server (Telekommunikation) NBRF National Biomedical Research Foundation (USA) NBS National Bureau of Standards (USA) NC Network Computer NC North Carolina (US-Staat) NC Number of Personnnel per Helicopter Flight Crew NC Numeric Control NCA Netherlands Centre on Animal Use NCAC National Council of Acoustical Consultants (USA) NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research (Boulder, CO, USA) NCC National Computing Centre (UK) NCC Network Control Centre (Datennetz) NCCA No Clearance to Civil Aircraft NCEJ Noise Control Engineering Journal NCH Notification Channel NCI National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, MD, USA) NCI Non-Coded Information NCKU National Cheng Kung University (Tainan, Taiwan, ROC) NCNR NIST Center for Neutron Research (Gaithersburg, MD, USA) NCP National Contact Point (ESPRIT) NCPA Number of Flight Crews per Helicopter NCR Non Combat Ready NCRP National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (USA) NCS Natural Color System NCS Network Control System (Datennetz) NCSA National Center for (or: of) Supercomputing Applications (USA) NCSA National Sound and Communications Association (USA) NCSU North Carolina State University NCT New Cellular Phone NCTS National Cellular Telephone System ND Navigation Display ND North Dakota (US-Staat) ND Nose Down NDB Non-Directional Beacon NDC Normalized Device Coordinates NDDO New Drug Development Office (Amsterdam, EORTC) NDE Non-Destructive Evaluation NDI Non Destructive Inspection NDI Non Development Item NDRC National Defense Research Committee (USA) NDS Netware Directory Services (Telekommunikation) NDSC Network for Detection of Atmospheric Change NDSU North Dakota State University NDT Non Destructive Testing NDT Nondestructive Testing NE Nebraska (US-Staat) NE Network Element NE Network Element (Telekommunikation) NE Noisy Estimates NEA Near Earth Asteroid NEACP National Emergency Airborne Command Post NEAR Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous NEBS Network Equipment Building System (Telekommunikation) NED NASA Extragalactical Database NEDLIB Networked European Deposit Library NEHP Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse NEI Niedrig-Energie-Institut NEL National Engineering Laboratory (UK) NEL Network Element Layer (Telekommunikation) NEMS Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems NEO Near-Earth Orbit NEP Noise Equivalent Power (Optical Communication) NEPM Network Event Protocol Messages NERC National Environment Information Centre (UK) net [Network Organization] (Internet, USA) NET New Equipment Training NetServ Network Service NEW National Engineers Weck NEX Narita Express (Zug zwischen Airport und Tokio) NEXT Near-End Crosstalk NEXUS Network of Excellence on Multifunctional Microsystems NF Noise Factor NF Nyquist Filter NFD Near Field Device NFD Noise Free Data NFH NATO Frigate Helicopter NFOEC National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference NFPR No Flight Plan Required NFR NATO Frigate Replacement NFR 90 NATO Frigate Replacement for the Nineties NFS Network File System NG New (or: Next) Generation NGC New General Catalogue (Astronomie) NGDLC Next Generation Digital Loop Carrier (Kommunikation) NGF Nerve Growth Factor NGL Next Generation Lithography NGN Next Generation Network (Telekommunikation) NGSO Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit NGST Next Generation Space Telescope (Nachfolger des Hubble-Teleskops, NGWLAN Nextgeplant) Generation Wireless Local Area Network NH New Hampshire (US-Staat) NH 90 NATO Helicopter for the Nineties NHC Navigation Hand Controller NHCA National Hearing Conservation Association (USA) NHK Nippon hoso kyokai (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) NHMFL National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (Tallahassee, FL; Los Alamos, NM) NHS National Health Service (UK) NI Network Interface (Telekommunikation) NIAG NATO Industrial Advisory Group NIAS Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social NIAT NASASciences Integrated Action Team NIB Non-Interference Basis (Telekommunikation) NIC John von Neumann Institute for Computing (Jülich) NIC Network Information Center NIC Network Interface Card NICHD National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Bethesda, MD, NID NetworkUSA) Integration Division (Telekommunikation) NID Network Interface Device (Telekommunikation) NIEHS National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (USA) NIF National Ignition Facility (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, USA) NIFS National Institute for Fusion Science (Toki City, Japan) NIH National Institute of Health (USA) NILEG Niedersächsische Landesentwicklungsgesellschaft NILU Norwegisches Institut für Luftuntersuchungen NIMA National Imagery and Mapping Agency (USA) NIME Network Information Management Entities (Telekommunikation) NiMH Nickel-Metal Hydride (Akku) NIOSH National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (USA) NIR Near Infrared NIR Near-Infrared NIRIM National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials (Japan) NIRV Nederlands Instituut voor Ruimtevaart NIS NATO Identification System NIS New Independent States (frühere Sovietunion) NISAC National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center (USA, seit 1999) NISEG NATO In-Service Goals NISO National Information Standards Organization (USA) NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA, vormals NBS) N-ISUP Narrowband ISDN User Part (Telekommunikation) NIT Network Information Table Nitinol Nickel-Titanium [intermetallic compound developed by the] Naval Ordnance NJ NewLaboratory Jersey (1963) (US-Staat) NJIT New Jersey Institute of Technology NJP New Journal of Physics NK Nationalkomitee für Kristallographie NKWD [Narodny Kommissariat Wnutrennich Del] (sowjetischer Geheimdienst) Nl Engine Gas Producer RPM NL Nonlinear NLC Next Linear Collider NLCTA Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator NLE Non Linear Equation NLE Non Limiting Example NLE Non-Linear Editing NLE Non-Linear Effect NLfB-GGA Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Bodenforschung - Geowissenschaftliche NLG NoseGemeinschaftsaufgaben Landing Gear (Hannover) NLOS Non Line Of Sight NLR Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium NLR National Aerospace Laboratory NLR Noise Level Reduction NLRC NASA Langley Research Center (Hampton, VA, USA) NLT Not Later Than NM Network Manager (or: Management) (Telekommunikation) NM Neuer Markt NM New Mexico (US-Staat) NMC Network Management Centre (Telekommunikation) NMD National Missile Defense (USA) NMG Network Management Gateway NMI NSF Middleware Initiative NML Network Management Layer (Telekommunikation) NMN Network Management Node NMN Niedersächsischer Monographiennachweis NMOS N-Channel MOS NMR Network Measure Radio (Telekommunikation) NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMS National Measurement System (UK) NMS Network Management System (Rechnernetze) NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone NN Neural Network NNAG NATO Naval Armaments Group NNAPS Night Navigation and Pilotage System NNI National Nanotechnology Initiative (USA) NNI Network-Node (or: -Network) Interface (Rechnernetze) NNI Noise/News International (Zeitschrift) NNIS Network Node Interface Specification NNPA Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act NNSA National Nuclear Security Administration (DoE, USA) NNTT National New Technology Telescope (USA, war geplant, ist aber nicht NNV Nederlandserealisiert) Natuurkundige Vereniging NO Numerical Oscillator NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA) NOAO National Optical Astronomy Observatory (USA) NOC Network Operating (or: Operations) Center (Telekommunikation) NODC National Oceanographic Data Center (NOAA, Silver Spring, MD, USA) NODIS NASA On-Line Directives Information System NOE Nap of the Earth NOE Neutrino Oscillation Experiment (Gran Sasso, Italien) NOEKS Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics in Semiconductors NOESY Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy NOISE-CON National Conference on Noise Control Engineering (USA) NOL Naval Ordnance Laboratory (USA) NOLM Nonlinear Optical-Loop Mirror NOMAD Neutrino Oscillation Magnetic Detector (CERN) NOMS Network Operations and Management NORAD North American Air Defense (Command) NORS Not Operationally Ready Supply NOS National Optical Society (in Europa) NOS Network Operating System (Telekommunikation) NOTAR No Tailrotor NOW Network of Workstaions NP Nondeterministic Polynomial NP Nuclear Physics NPA Network Performance Analysis (Telekommunikation) NPC Nomadic Personal Communications NPE Network Protection Equipment (Kommunikation) NPE Nuclear Physics Electronic NPG New General Catalogue (Astronomie) NPL National Physical Laboratory (Teddington, UK) NPOI Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (Lowell Observatory, Anderson Mesa, near Flagstaff, AZ, USA) NPP Net Primary Production (Pflanzenmasse) NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (Telekommunikation) NPT Non-Proliferation Treaty (Atomsperrvertrag) NQAA National Quality Assurance Authority NQAR National Quality Assurance Representative NQR Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance NR Number of Rounds NR Rotor RPM NRAO National Radio Astronomy Observatory (USA) NRC National Research Council (USA) NRC Network Resource Control (Telekommunikation) NRC Non-Recurring Cost NRC Non-Resonant Cavity (LED) NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRDC National Research and Development Corporation (London) NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory (Golden, CO, USA) NREN National Research and Education Network (USA) NRIM National Research Institute for Metals (Tsukuba, Japan) NRIM Network Resource Information Model NRL Naval Research Laboratory (Washington, DC, USA) NRM Network Resource Model NRM Notification Response Message NRQM Nichtrelativistische Quantenmechanik NRT Non-Real Time NRV Non Return Valve NRW Nordrhein-Westfalen NRZ Nonreturn to Zero NRZ Non-Return-To-Zero (Telekommunikation) NRZI Nonreturn to Zero Inverted NS Noise Sample NS Noisy Superposition NS Navigation Subsystem NSA National Security Agency (USA) NSAC Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (USA) NSAID Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs NSAPI Network Layer Service Acces Point Identifier NSAPI Network Layer Service Access Point Identifier NSB National Science Board (USA) NSBF National Scientific Balloon Facility (NASA) NSC National Security Council (USA) NSC North Sea Communications NSCA National Sound and Communications Association (USA) NSCL National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (USA) NSD Network Services Division NSE Next Symbol Estimate NSERC Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (USA) NSF National Science Foundation (USA) NSFNET National Science Foundation Network (USA) NSG Network Strategy Group (Telekommunikation) NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group ("Londoner Gruppe'') NSIC National Storage Industry Consortium, Inc. (Hersteller von Datenspeichern, NSM NationalUSA) Society Member (EPS u. a.) NSM Network and Service Management (Telekommunikation) NSOM Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscope (und: ... Microscopy) NSP Network Service Point (or: Provider, or: Platform) (Internet) NSPE National Society of Professional Engineers NSR NATO Staff Requirement NSRP Neutral Seat Reference Point NSRT Non-Sequential Ray Tracing (?) NSS Network and Switching Subsystem NSS Network Subsystem (Telekommunikation) NSS Neutraler Salzsprühtest (auf Korrosionsbeständigkeit) NSSA Neutron Scattering Society of America NSSK North-South Station Keeping (Satelliten) NST NATO Staff Target NSTA National Science Teachers Association (USA) NSTC National Science and Technology Council (USA) NSTX National Spherical Torus Experiment (PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA) NSUB Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (Göttingen) NSV Number of send Signal Vectors NSWC Naval Surface Warfare [früher: Weapons] Center (Silver Spring, MD, USA) NT Network Termination (Datennetze) NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient NTG Nachrichtentechnische Gesellschaft (im VDE) NTIA National Telecommunications and Information Administration NTIS National(Telekommunikation) Technical Information Service (Datenbank, USA) NTO Nitrotriazolon (Sprengstoff) NTP Network Time Protocol (Telekommunikation) NTS Nuclear Test Site NTSC National Television System Committee (Fernsehnorm, USA) NTSC Never the same Colour NTT New Technology Telescope (ESO, La Silla, Chile) NTU National Taiwan University NTU Network Termination Unit (Datennetze) NTZ Nachrichtentechnische Zeitschrift NU Nose Up NuPECC Nuclear Physics European Collaboration Committee NUREG U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission NUSC Naval Underwater Systems Center (USA) NUWC Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Newport, RI, USA) NV Noise Vector NV Nevada (US-Staat) NVG Night Vision Goggels NVH Noise, Vibration and Harshness NVM Non Volatile Memory NVM Non-volatile Memory NVO National Virtual Observatory (USA, geplant für 2010) NVOD Near Video-On-Demand NVT Night Vision Terminal NVV Nichtverbreitungsvertrag (Atomwaffen, 1968) NVvL [Niederländische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] NW Novell NW Network NW New York NW North-West NW Nordrhein Westphalen NW Nowhere NW Network (Telekommunikation) NWB Niedergeschwindigkeits-Windkanal Braunschweig NWK Network Analyser (DECT) NWK Nuklearwaffenkonvention NWO (Niederländische Wissenschaftsorganisation) NXT Desired Track (Course) of Next Mission Leg NY New York (US-Staat) NYAS New York Academy of Sciences NZDSF Non-Zero Dispersion Shifted Fiber (Glasfaser, Kommunikation) NZN Niedersächsischer Zeitschriftennachweis NZZ Neue Zürcher Zeitung O O&M Operations and Maintenance O/E/O Optical Electronic Optical (optische Telekommunikation) O/R On Request O/R Overhaul and Rework O/T Other Times OA Operation Area OA Optical Amplfier OA Osteoarhritis OA Outgoing Access OAAC Optical Aerial Attached Cable OADM Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing OADM Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (optische Telekommunikation) OAE Otoakustische Emissionen OAI Open Archives Initiative ÖAL Österreichischer Arbeitsring für Lärmbekämpfung OAM Operation and Maintenance OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Telekommunikation) OAM & P OAM and Provisioning OAM&P Operation, Administration and Maintenance and Provisioning OAMP Operation,(Telekommunikation) Administration and Maintenance and Provision OAN Optical Access Node (Glasfasernetz) OAS Open Access Service (Telekommunikation) OAS Operator Assisted Service (Telekommunikation) OAS Optical Aperture Synthesis OASIS Optimal Architecture Sensor Interface System OAT Operational air traffic OAT Outside Air Temperature OAT Overall Temperature OAT/G Outside Air Temperature/Gauge OATA Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association (Europäische Handelsorgaisation) OATC Open Area Test Site OAU Organization of African Unity OBDMS Object-Oriented Database Management System OBL Outside Broadcasting Link OBMC On Board Multimedia Controller (Telekommunikation) OBMP On Board Multimedia Processor (Telekommunikation) OBP On Board Processing (or: Processor) OBS Out of Band Signal OBS Optical Burst Switch (Telekommunikation) OBW Occupied Bandwidth (Telekommunikation) OC Ordering Criterion OCA Quick Change Assembly OCA/H Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height OCaB Outgoing Call Barrier OCAMS On-Board Checkout and Monitoring System OCD Optical Core Device (optische Telekommunikation) OCDM Optical Code Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) O-CDMA Optical Code Division Multiple Access (Glasfasernetz) OCE Office of the Chief Engineer OCH Optical Channel (optische Telekommunikation) OCh-SPRING Optical Channel Shared Protection Ring (optische Telekommunikation) OCL Obstacle Clearance Limit OCM One Condition Monitoring OCM Operator Carrier Modulation OCR Optical Character Recognition (Computer-lesbare Schrift) OCS One Cylinder Storage OCS Online Charging System OCT Optical Coherence Tomography, Optische Kohärenztomographie OCT Optical Component Test OCX (Dateinamenerweiterung: Programmdatei) OD Optimum Detector OD Outer Diameter ODA Open Document Architecture ODAIS Omnidirectional Airspeed Indication System ODBC OPen Data Base Connectivity (Telekommunikation) ODC Ornithindecarboxylase ODE Ordinary Differential Equation ODL Object Definition Language (Telekommunikation) ODL Open and Distance Learning (EU-Programm) ODP Ocean Drilling Project (or: Program) ODP Open Distributed Processing ODP Order-Disorder Transition ODT Optical Data Tributary Unit ODTU Optical Channel Data Unit ODTUGE Optical Data Tributary Unit for Gigabyte Ethernet ODU Optical Channel Data Unit ODUFE Optical Channel Data Unit for Fast Ethernet ODUGE Optical Channel Data Unit for Gigabit Ethernet ODUk Optical Channel Data Unit k OEAB Overend absoulte Business OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OEI One Engine Inoperative OEIC Optoelectronic Integrated Circuit, opto-elektronischer IC OELR Overall Echo Loudness Rating (Telekommunikation) OEM Optoelectronic Modulator (or: Mixer) OEM Original Equipment Manfacturer OENN Optoelectronic Neural Network OEST Outline European Staff Target OET Office of Engineering and Technology OFA Optical Fiber Amplifier OFAC Office of Foreign Assets Control (USA) OFAT One-Factor-at-a-Time (Experimentiertechnik) OFC Optical Fiber Communication OFCCC Optical Fiber Cable Competence Center OfCom Office of Communications (UK) OFCS Offline Charging System OFDM Optical (or: Orthogonal) Frequency Division Multiplexing (Telekommunikation) OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex OFET Organischer Feldeffekt-Transistor (optische Telekommunikation) OFFS Offset-Bombing OFI Optical Field Ionization OFI Ornamental Fish International (Handelsorganisation) OFMeC Optical Fibre Measurement Club (UK) OFP Operational Flight Program OFS Offset OFW Oberflächenwellen OG Optical Gateway (optische Telekommunikation) ÖGAI Österreichische Gesellschaft für Artificial Intelligence OGE Out of Ground Effect OGI Ott-Grebogi-Yorke (control) OGS OLMOS Ground Station OGSA Open Grid Services Architecture (Rechnernetz) OGWIC Ordered Group-Wise Interference Cancellation OH Ohio (US-Staat) OH Overhaul OHEAT Overheated OHG Offene Handelsgesellschaft OHG Operator Harmonization Group (Telekommunikation) OI Other Information ÖIB Örtliche Initiativen zur Beschäftigung von Frauen (EU) OID Operational Instrument Departure OIDA Optoelectronic Industry Development Association OIF Optical Interworking Forum OIF Optical Interworking Forum (optische Telekommunikation) OIML International Organization of Legal Metrology oIMP Over-Imperium OJEC Official Journal of the European Council OJPS Online Journal Publishing Services (AIP) OK Oklahoma (US-Staat) OL Output Layer (neuronales Netz) OLA Optical Line Amplifier (optische Telekommunikation) OLC Open Logic Channel OLCU Off Line Control Unit OLE Object Linking and Embedding (Programmierung) OLE Opto & Laser Europe (Zeitschrift, Bristol, UK) OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode (or: Device) OLM Organisation Level Maintenance OLMOS On-Board Live Monitoring System OLS On-Line Service (Internet) OLT Optical Line Termination (optische Telekommunikation) OLTE Optical Line Termination Equipment OLTP Online Transaction Processing OM Operation Module OM Optical Monitor (XMM) OM Outer Marker OMA Open Mobile Alliance OMAC Open Modular Architecture Controller OMB Office of Management and Budget (USA, White House) OMC Operations and Maintenance Center OMC Operations and Maintenance Center (Telekommunikation) OMC Optical Metrology Centre OMF Observation Markup Format OMG Object Management Group OMI Open Microprocessor Systems Initiative OMI Optical Modulation Index OMLD Optimum Maximum Likelyhood Detector OMO Optical Modulator Output OMS Operations and Maintenance Station (Telekommunikation) OMS Optical Multiplex Station (Telekommunikation) OMSG OptinexTM (or: Optical) Multi-Service Gateway (optische Telekommunikation) OMSN OptinexTM (or: Optical) Multi-Service Node (optische Telekommunikation) OMT Object Modelling (and) Technique OMUX Output Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) ON Optical Network (Telekommunikation) ONCV Orthogonal-Normal Column Vector ONERA Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales ONP Open Network Provision(ing) ONR Office of Naval Research (Arlington, VA, USA) ONSA Organization for Nucleotid Sequencing and Analysis (São Paulo, Brasilien) ONST Outline NATO Staff Target ONTA Oxynitrotriazol (Sprengstoff) ONU Optical Network Unit OO objektorientiert OODB Object-Oriented Database OOP objektorientierte(s) Programm(entwicklung) OOT objektorientierter Test OP Overall Performance OP Operating Procedure OP Organizational Partners OP A/D Optical Packet Add/Drop (optische Telekommunikation) OP&CAPEX Operational and Captial Expenditure OPAC Online Public Access Catalog OPAL Optical Access Line, optische Anschlussleitung (Telefon) OPCON Operation and Control OPCPA Optical Parametric Chirped-Pulse Amplification OPEC Organization of Petrol Exporting Countries, Organisation Erdöl exportierender OPEN OpticalStaaten Pan-European Network OPEP One-Pion Exchange Potential Opex Operating Expenditure (or: Expenses) OPEX Operational Expenditures OPEX & CAPEX Operational Expenditure and Captial Expenditure ÖPG Österreichische Physikalische Gesellschaft OPGW Optical Ground Wire (Glasfasernetz) OPIF Operator Interface OPIT Oxide Powder in Tube OPL Qualified Products List ÖPNV Öffentlicher Personen-Nahverkehr OPO Optical Parametric Oscillator OPP Optical Precipitate Profiler OPR Operate OPS Official Production System OPS Open Patent Service OPS Optical Path Switch (Telekommunikation) OPS Optical Protection System (optische Telekommunikation) OPS Optically Pumped Semiconductor (Laser) OPT Optional Equipment OPU Optical Channel Payload Unit OPU Optical Payload Unit OPUGE Operationszentrale OPZ Optical Payload Unit for Gigabit Ethernet OR Operations Research OR Oregon (US-Staat) ORACLS Optimal Regulator Algorithms for the Control of Linear Systems (CAD-System, ORB ObjectNASA 1980)Request Broker (Telekommunikation) ORE Office de Recherche et d'Essais ORF Österreichischer Rundfunk ORF Outbound Route Filters org [other organizations] (Internet, USA) ORI Office of Research Integrity ORIDE Override ORM Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma) ORM Optical Recording Medium ORMAK Oak Ridge Tokamak (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Oak Ridge National Laboratory) ORMOCER Organically Modified Ceramic ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory (TN, USA) ORREQ Origination Request Message ORSTOM (Internationale Hilfsorganisation Frankreichs) OS Output Signal OS Operating (or: Operations) System O-S/N Operating Signalt To Noise Ratio OSA Open Service Architecture (Telekommunikation) OSA Optical Society of America OSB Oriented Structural Board (Spanplatte) OSC On Scene Command OSC Optical Supervisory Channel (Glasfasernetz) OSC Oscillator OSC Outbound Signalling Channel (Telekommunikation) OSD On Screen Display (Funktionsanzeige auf TV-Schirm) OSDE Open Systems (or: Service) Development (or: Delivery) Environment OSF Open(Telekommunikation) Software Foundation OSF Open Software Foundation OSF Operation System Function OSF Operations System Function OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Washington, DC, USA) OSI Open Source Initiative OSI Open System Interconnection OSI Open Systems Interconnection (Datennetze) OSI Optical Stellar Interferometer O-SIC SSA Ordered Successive Interference Cancellation Sphere Searching Algorithm OSIRIS Off-Shore Integrated Robotic Inspection System OSNCP Optical Subnetwork Connection Protection (optische Telekommunikation) OSNR Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (optische Telekommunikation) OSP Octet Stream Protocol OSP Open Services Platform (Telekommunikation) OSPF Open Shortest Path First (Internet) OSS Optimum Search Set OSS Office of Strategical Services (USA) OSS Operations Support System (Internet) OSS Output Shaft Speed OSSE Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment OSSI Operations Support System Interface (Telekommunikation) OST Observatoire des Sciences et des Techniques (Frankreich) OST Office of Science and Technology (UK) OSTNR Operating Signalt To Noise Ratio OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy (USA, White House) OSZE Organisation für Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa OT Operational Task End OTA Office of Technology Assessment (USA, Congress) OTC One Touch Com (Telekommunikation) OTCH of Overrung Crossing Height OTD Observed Time Difference (Telekommunikation) OTDM Optical Time Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) OTDOA OTD of Arrival (Telekommunikation) OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometry OTD-Sim Order to Delivery Simulation OTF On-Top-Fix(ing) OTH Optical Transport Hierarchy (optische Telekommunikation) OTHT Over-the-Horizon Targeting OTN Open Transport Network (Verkehrsleitsystem) OTN Optical Transmission Network OTN Optical Transmission Network (optische Telekommunikation) OTN ODUk Path Optical Transmission Network Data Unit Path OTP One Time Password OTPI On-Top-Positioning Indicator OTS Optical Transmission System (optische Telekommunikation) OTU Optical Channel Transport Unit OTUk Optical Channel Transport Unit k OU Open University (UK) OUTBD Outboard OVC Output Variance Constraint OvD Offizier vom Dienst OVHT Overheat OVLD Overload OVLD Overlord (warfare) OVRO Owens Valley Radio Observatory OVSF Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor OWF Optimum Working Frequency OWS Obstacle Warning System OWS Optical Wavelength Switched (optische Telekommunikation) ows Overload Warning System OXC Optical Cross Connect (optische Telekommunikation) OXC Optical Cross-Connect OXID Exchange ID OXRB Oxygen replacement bottles OXY Oxygen OZIPM Ozone Isopleth Plotting with Optional Mechanism P p.l.c. public limited company (UK) p.t.o. please turn over (= b.w.) P/C Part Card P/M Tr Personal/Material and Troop Transport P/N Part Number P2P Peer-to-Peer Protocol P2P Point-to-Point P2PC Point-to-Point Communication P2S Parallel-to-Serial (Converter) PA Pennsylvania (US-Staat) PA Power Amplifier PA Product Assurance PA 1 Proportion of all arisings that are PA 2 Proportional of all arising that are PA 2a rectified at intermediate level PA 3 Proportion of all arising that are rectified at depot level PA la rectified at organisational level PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange, Private digitale Nebenstellenanlage PAC Password Access Control PAC Perturbed Angular Correlation PAC Processing and Archiving Center PAC Programme Advisory Committee (TC im ETSI) PACE Planar Articulating Controls Experiment PACE Programme de recherche sur l'Aval du Cycle Electronucléaire (CNRS, PACF PhosphoricFrankreich, zurAcid Entsorgung Fuel Cell (?) radioaktiver Abfälle) PACS Photoconductor Array Camera and Spectrometer (FIRST) PACS Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme PACS Picture Archiving and Communication Systems PAD Packet Assembly/Disassembly PAD Perturbed Angular Distribution PAFC Phosphoric Acid FC (?) PAH Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon PAIR Patent Aplication Information Retrieval PAK Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe PAL Phase Alternation Line (Fernsehen) PAL Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (Korea) PALC Plasma Addressed Liquid Crystal PALS Photoacoustic Laser Spectroscopy PALS Prague Asterix Laser System PAM Pulse Amplitude Modulation (Signal-Rekonstruktions-Tiefpass, Nyquist Filter PAMA Preassignedf_c = f_s am D/AMultiple Wandler) Access (Telekommunikation) PAN Personal Area Network (Telekommunikation) PAN Polyacrylonitrile PAP Password Access Protocol PAPI Precision approach path indicator PAPS Periodic Armaments Planning System PAR Precision Approach Radar PARCOR Partial Correlation PAS Power Amplifier Stage PAS Pädagogische Arbeitsstelle des deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes PAT Port(Frankfurt/M) Address Translation (Telekommunikation) PAT Production Acceptance Test PATU PanAfrican Telecommunication Union PAY Physics Achievement Year PB Perfect Business PB Power Beacon PBA Pitch Bias Actuator PBDE polybromierte Diphenylether PBET Photonic Basis for Engineers and Technicians (California, USA) PBH Physikzentrum Bad Honnef (DPG) PBI Physics-Based Industries PBM Point - Bit Mapping PBN pyrolytisches Bornitrid PBO Polybenzobioxazol PBO Power Back Off PBS Primer-Bindungsstelle (in RNA) PBT Polybutylenterephthalat, Poly Butylene Terephthalate PBWA Plasma Beat-Wave Accelerator PBX Plastic Bonded Explosive (Sprengstoff) PBX Private Branch Exchange PBX Private Branch Exchange (Internet) PBX-M Princeton Beta Experiment - Modified (Fusionsreaktortechnik) PBZ Partialbruchzerlegung PC Palmtop Computer PC Personal Computer PC Polycarbonat PC Polycarbonat PC Pseudo Code PCA Physical Configuration Audit PCA Proportional Counter Array (beim RXTE) PCAST President's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology (USA) PCB polychlorierte Biphenyle PCB Printed Circuit Board PCB Printed Circuit Board PCC Partial Correlation Coefficient PCC Policy Control and Charging PCC polychloriertes Camphen PCCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel PCD Power Control Device PCDE Peak Code Domain Error (Telekommunikation) PCEF Policy and Charging Enforcement Function PCF Photonic Crystal Fibre PCF Polymer Cladded Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) PCG Project Coordination Group (Telekommunikation) PCH Paging Channel PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect (Datenbus) PCIMG PCI Industrial Computers Manufacturers Group PCL Processor Control Logic PCL Program Code Language PCM Parallel Climate Model PCM Phase Change Material PCM Puls-Code-Modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCN Personal Communications Network PCO Point of Control and Observation (Telekommunikation) PCO Public Call Office (Telephon) PCP Pentachlorphenol PCR Peak Cell Rate (Telekommunikation) PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR Predictive Control of Reactors PCRF Policy Control and Charging Rules Function PCS Personal Communications Service (or: System) PCS Photon Correlation Spectroscopy P-CSCF Proxy CSCF P-CSCF Proxy-Call Session Control Function PCSS Personal Communication Satellite Systems PCT Patent Cooperation Treaty PCU Packet Control Unit (Telekommunikation) PCU Pilotvs Control Unit PCU Power Conditioning Unit PCU Power Control Unit PCU Propeller Control Unit PCX (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) PCX Private Communication Exchange (Telekommunikation) PD Pre-Decoder PD Public Domain PD Probabilitstic Data PD Poor Detection PD Privatdozent PD Proportional-Derivative (Control), Proportional-Differential (Regler) PD(P) Project Definition (Phase) PD(R) Preliminary Design (Review) PDA Personal Digital Assistent (Telekommunikation) PDA persönlicher digitaler Assistent PDA persönlicher digitaler Assistent PDC Personal (or: Portable) Digital Cellular (or: Communication) PDCH Packet(Telekommunikation) Data Channels (Telekommunikation) PDCP Packet Data Compression (or: Convergence) Protocol (Telekommunikation) PDD Photodynamische Diagnostik PDE Partial Differential Equation PDE Phosphodiesterase PDF Portable Document Format PDF Postscript Document Format (Dateiformat von Adobe Systems Inc.) PDF Probability Density Function PDF Probability Distribution Funciton PDG Packet Data Gateway PDGF Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (Blutplättchen-Wachstumsfaktor) PDGLES Pre-Decoder Guided Local Exhaustive Search PDGLSA Pre-Decoder Guided Local Searching Algorithm PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (Telekommunikation) PDI Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik (Berlin) PDL Page Description Language (Printer Server) PDL Polarization Dependent Loss (optische Telekommunikation) PDLC Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal PDM Polarization Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) PDM Product Data Management PDM Pulse Duration Modulation PDMS Polydimethylsiloxan PDN Packet Data Network (Telekommunikation) PDO Packet Data Optimized (Telekommunikation) PDP Packet Data Protocol (Telekommunikation) PDP Plasma Discharge (or: Display) Panel PDR Preliminary Design Review PDS Payload Data Segment (Telekommunikation) PDS Permanent Data Storage System PDS Polydioxanon PDS Pure Disturbance Suppression PDSN Packet Data Serving Node PDT Photodynamic Therapy, Photodynamische Therapie PDTS Programmable Data Terminal Set PDU Packet Data Unit (Telekommunikation) PDU Protocol Data Unit (Internet) PDX Princeton Divertor Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) PE Parabolic equation PE Phase Error (Telekommunikation) PE Polyethylen PE Prediction Error PE Provider Edge Router PE Provider Edge (Telekommunikation) PE Pre-Estimation PEACE Process Execution and Communication Environment PEAP Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (Telekommunikation) PEC Personal Equipment Connector PECVD Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition PED Pedestal PEEM Photo-Emission Electron Microscope, Photoemissions-Elektronenmikroskop PEG Polyethylenglykol PEI Preliminary Engineering Inspection PEM Photon Emission Microscopy PEM Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran (Brennstoffzelle) PEM Proton Exchange Membrane (Brennstoffzelle) PEMFC Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell PEN Physics Education News PEO Polyethylenoxid PEO Preliminary Engineering Order PEP Peak Envelope Power PEP Polymeric Electronics Packaging PEP Producibility Engineering & Planning PEPS Performance Evaluation of Parallel Systems (Europäisches PER PackedForschungsprojekt) Encoding Rule (ASN.1) Per Perchlorethen PERL Passivated Emitter and Rear, Locally Diffused (Solarzellen) Perl Practical Extraction and Report Language (scherzhaft auch: Pathologically Perm PermutationEclectic Rubbish Lister) (Textmanipulation) PESC Power Electronics Specialist Conference PET Polyethylenterephthalat PET Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie, Positron Emission Tomography PETRA Positron-Elektron-Tandem-Ring-Anlage (DESY) PEX Position Error Correction PF Protein foam PFAU Programm zur finanziellen Absicherung von Unternehmensgründern aus PFCK PreHochschulen Flight Check PFCS Primary Flight Control System PFD Primary Flight Display PFD Power Flux Density PFE Power Feeding Equipment PFM Pulse Frequency Modulation PFS Pre-Feasiblitity Study PFS Programmable Frequency Synthesizer PG Peer Group PG Path Gain PGA Pin Grid Array (Chipgehäuse) PGA Polyglykolid PGO (Hirn-Zellkomplex: pons, corpus geniculatum, occiput) PGP Pretty Good Privacy PHA Polyhydroxyalkanoat PHA Preliminary Hazard Analysis PHARE Poland and Hungary Action for Economic Restructuring PHB Per-Hop Behavior PHC Pilots Hand Controller PhD Doctor of Philosophy PHENIX Pioneering High Energy New Ion Experiment (RHIC) PHI Planbasierte Hilfesysteme PHI Position and Homing Indicator PHM Prognostics and Health Managament PHP Hypertext Processor (Telekommunikation) PHS Peripheral High Speed (Bus) PHS Personal Handyphone System PHS & T Packaging, Handling, Storage & Transportation PHT plötzlicher Herztod PHY Physical Layer (DECT) PI Present Invention PI Pilot Interface PI Proportional-Integral (Control), Proportional-Integral (Regler) PIA Positronen-Intensitäts-Akkumulator (DESY) PIAFE Projet d'Ionisation et d'Accélération de Faisceaux Exotiques (Grenoble, PIB PermanentFrankreich) Industrial Bureau PIC (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) PIC Photonic Integrated Circuit PICA Picosecond Imaging Circuit Analysis PICH Paging Indication Channel PICS Protocol Implementation (or: Instance) Conformance Statement PID Präimplantationsdiagnostik(Telekommunikation) (Genetik) PID Proportional, Integral, Derivative (Control), Proportional-Integral-Differential PIDC Prototype(Regler) International Data Center (Arlington, VA, USA) PII Publisher Item Identifier PIK Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung PIM Personal Information Manager (Telekommunikation) PIM Pseudo Inverse Matrix PIM Pseudo-Inverse Matrix PIMS Personal Information Managers PIM-SM Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (Internet) PIN [Photodiode aus 3 Schichten: 'p'-type, 'i'ntrinsic, 'n'-type semiconductor], PIN PersonalPositive-Intrinsic-Negative Identification Number PINET Physics Information Network PINT PSTN/Internet Interworking Group (Internet) PINV Pseudo Inverse PINV Moore Penrose Pseudo Inverse Function PIP Picture in Picture (TV: kleines Zusatzbild von anderem Sender) PIPS Passivated, Implanted, Planar Silicon (detectors) PIR Personal Interactivity Recorder PIT Point in Time PIU produktionsintegrierter Umweltschutz PIV Particle Image Velocimetry PIXEL Picture Element PIXIT Protocol Information Extra Implementation for Testing (Telekommunikation) PJ/NJ Public-Key Cryptography PKC Postive Justification / Negative Justification PKE Pluto-Kuiper Express (Raumfahrtprojekt) PKI Public Key Infrastructure (Telekommunikation) PKM Parallel Kinematic Machine (Robotik) PKY Parkway (US Mail) PL Packet Loss PL Padding Lenght PL Photoluminescence, Photolumineszenz PL Place (US Mail) PL Poland PL Prefered Layer PLA Polylactid PLB Personal Locator Beacon PLC Periodic Location Update PLC Packet Loss Concealment (Telekommunikation) PLC Patent Law of China PLC Planar Lightwave Circuit (Photonik) PLC Power Line Communication PLC Programmable Logic Controller PLC Programmable Logic Device PLD Pulsed Laser Deposition PLE Photolumineszenz-Anregungsspektroskopie PLED Polymeric Light-Emitting Diode PLF Panzer Löschfahrzeug PLI Padding Lenght Information PLI Payload Length Indicator PLL Phase-Locked Loop PLMN Public Land Mobile Network (Telekommunikation) PLO Phase-Locked Oscillator PLP Perceptual Linear Prediction PLS Personal Locator System PLS Pilot Initiated Locator System PLSD Polygon Local Searchin Detector PLT Plot (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) PLT Princeton Large Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) PLZ Plaza (US Mail) PLZ Postleitzahl PM Photomultiplier (tube) PM Physical Modelling PM Polarization Mode Dispersion PM Polarisation Modulation PM Polarization Modulation PM Product Monograph (Pharma) PM Program Management PMA Physical Media Attachement PMB Path Monitoring PMC Personal Mobile Communicator PMC Plant Management Computer PMD Panel Mounted Display PMD Physical Media dependent PMD Polarization-Mode Dispersion (Glasfasernetz) PMD Portable MAC Identity for Display (DECT) PMD Program Management Organization PMDE Precision Distance Measuring Equipment PMDT Performance & Mission Data Terminal PME Power Management Exchange PMF Polarization Maintaining Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) PMM Power Measurement Modulation PMMA Polymethylmethacrylat PMMA Polymetylmetaacrylat PMMS Power Measurement Modulation Session PMO Program Managament Office PMOS P-Channel MOS PMP Point-to-Multipoint (Telekommunikation) PMS Puls-Magnetron-Sputtern (Dünne Schichten) PMSJ Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan PMSS Polymethylsilsesquioxan [Si(CH3)O1,5]n PMT Photomultiplier Tube PMT Programming Mapping Table PMV Predicted Mean Vote PMW Project Management Workbench PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences PNE Peaceful Nuclear Explosion PNG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) PNGV Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles PNNI Private Network-Node (or: -Network) Interface (Internet) PNNL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Washington, USA) PNO Private Network Operator PNP Purinnucleosid-Phosphorylase Pnt Point PNU Physics News Update (USA) PNVS Pilot Night Vision System PO Physical optics PO Place of Observation POC Plurality of Channels POC Particulate Organic Carbon POC Point of Concentration (Telekommunikation) POD Pay on Delivery POD Probability of Decoding POEM Programme for Observation of the Earth and its Environment POF Polymer (or: Plastic) Optical Fiber POI Point of Interest (Telekommunikation) POINTS Precision Optical Interferometer in Space POL Petrol, Oil, Lubrication POL Program Operating Language POLLENS Platform for Open, Light, Legible and Efficient Network Services POLY Polymeric(Telekommunikation) Materials for Microelectronics and Photonics (Kongress) POM Polyoxymethylen (Kunststoff) POM Product of a Matrix POMS Profile of Mood States (medicine) PON Passive Optical Network PONS Prometheus Orthonormal System POP Point of Presence (Internet) POP Post Office Protocol (E-Mail Server) POP Postoffice Protocol POPA Panel on Public Affairs (APS) PORSS Plurality of Reduced Search Sets POS Plurality of Symbols PoS Packet over SONET (or: SDH) POS Positive PosFL Post fade listen POSIX Portable Operating System Interface (Telekommunikation) POST Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (UK) POST Postflight POST Power on Self Test POSTECH Pohang University of Science and Technology (Korea) PostEurop Association of European Public Postal Operators POTS Plain Old Telephone Service (or: System) POTS Plain Ordinary Telephone Service POW Prisoner of War PP Point to Point (Telekommunikation) PP Polypropylen (Kunststoff) PP Portable Part (z.B. Handset) (DECT) PP Present Position PP Processing Program PPADC Pulse Processing Analog-to-Digital Converter PPARC Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (UK) PPAU Packet Processor and Access Unit ppb parts per billion, 10-9 PPD Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied PPF Positive Position Feedback PPF Print Production Format PPFRT Prototype Preliminary Flight Rating Test PPG Pacific Proving Ground (Atombomben-Testgebiet) PPH Pounds per Hour PPL Passive Photonic Loop PPLN Periodically-Poled Lithium Niobate ppm parts per million, 10-6 PPM Pulse Position Modulation PPMS Physical Property Measurement System PPN Parametricized Post-Newtonian (Gravitationstheorie) PPOS Present Positon PPP Peer-to-Peer Protocol PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPP Point-to-Point Protocol (Internet) PPP Poly(p-Phenylen) PPP Public/Private Partnership (Telekommunikation) PPPL Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (Fusionsreaktortechnik) PPPoA PPP over ATM (Telekommunikation) PPPoE PPP over Ethernet (Telekommunikation) PPR Pflegepersonalregelung PPR Prior Permission Required PPR Product Performance Requirement PPS Prepaid Accounting Server PPS The Polish Physical Society PPT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft PowerPoint-Datei) PPT Pre-Production Tests PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (Internet) PPU Present Position (Indication) PPV Pay-per-View (Telekommunikation) PPV Poly(p-Phenylen Vinylen) PR Photo Resist PR Power Rail PR Public Relation PR Puerto Rico (US Mail) PRA Plurality of Receive Antennas PRA Primary Rate Access (ISDN) PRBS Pseudo Random Binary Sequence PRBS Pseudorandom Bit Sequence PRC Peoples Republic of China PRC Physics Resources Center (AIP) PRC Primary Reference Clock (Telekommunikation) PRE Preflight PreFL Pre fade listen PRESS Pressure PRF Pulse Repetition Frequency PRI Primary PRI Primary Rate Interface (Telekommunikation) PRI Priority PRIF Peace Research Institute Frankfurt PRL Physical Review Letters PRML Partial Response Maximum Likelihood Probab Probability PROLA Physical Review Online Archive PROLOG Programming in Logic PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory PROMED Program to Monitor Emerging Diseases PROMETHEUS Programme for a European Traffic with Highest Efficiency and Unprecedented PROP PropellerSafety PrP Prion-Protein PRS Processor Register Select PS Packet Switched PS Phone Splitter PS Protocol Stack PS Preamble Section PSA Polygon Searching Algorithm PSA Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Solarkraftwerk) PSA Pressure Sensitive Adhesive PSA Prostata-spezifisches Antigen PSAB Physics, Space and Astronomy Board (UK) PSAC The President's Advisory Committeee (USA) PSBT Phase Shifted Binary Transmission (Telekommunikation) PSC Parallel-to-Serial Converter PSC Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (USA) PSC Polar Stratospheric Cloud (siehe Ozonloch) PSCF Pure Silica Core Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) PSCP Probable Sent Constellation Point PSD Polygon Searching Decoder PSD Position-Sensing Detector PSD Power Spectral Density PSE Periodical System of Elements PSE Personal Service Environment (Telekommunikation) PSE please PSE Programm- und Systementwicklung PSF Point Spread Function PSG Programmable Sound Generator PSI Paul Scherrer Institut (Villingen, CH) PSI Payload Structure Identifier PSI Pound per Square Inch PSI Program Specific Information PSI Programmable Serial Interface PSID Panel Study of Income Dynamics (USA) PSJ The Physical Society of Japan PSK Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) PSM Phase Shift Mask PSOLA Pitch-Synchronous Overlap Add (Sprachsynthese) PSP Pierced steep plank PSP Possible Signal Point PSPC positionsempfindlicher Proportionalzähler (Röntgensatelliten) PSPDN Packet Switched Public Data Network PSR Precision Segmented Reflector (Satelliten) PSR Proposed Searching Region PSS Personalized Service Selector (Telekommunikation) PSS Positive Status Stablitity PSSC Physical Sciences Study Committee (USA) PST [Fraunhofer-] Patentstelle für die Deutsche Forschung (München) PSTM Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscope PSTN Public Switched Telefone Network PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network (Öffentliches Fernsprechnetz) PSTN Public Switched Telephone Networks PSTN/CS Public Switched Telefone Network/Circuit Switched PSTN/PS Public Switched Telefone Network/Packet Switched PT Platin Pt Platinum PT Protocol Translation PT Pseudoternary PTA Pharmaceutical Technical Assistant PTA Plurality of Transmit Antennas PTA Personal Travel Assistent PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (Braunschweig) PTC Positive Temperature Coefficient PTD Physical theory of diffraction PTFE Polytetrafluoreth(yl)en PTI Physikalisch-Technisches Institut (DDR, Jena) PTM Point to Multipoint PTO Public Telecommunications Operator PtP Peer-to-Peer (Telekommunikation) PTP Plain Text Protocol PTQ Pattern Trigger Quantize PTR Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (Berlin, ab 1887) PTRA Physics Teaching Resource Agents PTS Plurality of Transmit Sources PTS Possible Transmit Symbol PTS Possible Transmit Symbol Vector PTSP PNNI Topology State Packet (Telekommunikation) PTSV Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (Medizin) PTT Post, Telegraph and Telephone PTT Push To Talk PTV Projection Television PTV Possible Transmit Vector PTZ Produktionstechnisches Zentrum (FhG, Berlin) PU Participating Unit PU Polyurethan PU produktintegrierter Umweltschutz PUB (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Publisher-Datei) PUNE Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy PUR Plutonium and Uranium Extraction (Radioaktiver Abfall) PUR Polyurethan PUSH Partnernetz für Unternehmensgründungen aus Stuttgarter Hochschulen PUSH Public Understanding of the Sciences and Humanities PUZ Pick-Up Zone PV Photovoltaik PV Polarisation Vector PV Present Value PV Principal Value (at Cauchy Integral) PVB Polyvinyl Butyral PVC Permanent Virtual Channels PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit (or: Channel) (or: Connection) (Rechnernetz) PVC Polyvinly Cloride PVC Polyvinylchlorid PVD Physical Vapor Deposition PVDF Polyvinylidenfluorid PVK Poly-N-vinylcarbazol PVM Parallel Virtual Machine (Parallelrechner) PVR Personal Video Recorder PVR Personal Video Recording (or: Recorder) PVS Pilot Vision System PVT Protocol Version Translation PWBS Printed Wiring Board PWBS Programme Work Breakdown Structure PWE3 Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (Telekommunikation) P-Wellen Kompressionswellen (Geophysik) PWFA Plasma Wakefield Accelerator PWLAN Public Wireless LAN (Telekommunikation) PWM Pulse Width Modulation PWR Power PWT Private Wireless Telephony (Telekommunikation) PX Passenger PXI PCI Extensions for Instrumentation PyC Pyrokohlenstoff PZT Lead Zirconate Titanate Q Q-Factor, Quality Factor, Gütefaktor Q Q&A Questions and Answers QA Quality Assurance QALY Quality-Adjusted Life Years QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAR Quantitative Autoradiography (Medizin) QAU Quality Assurance Unit QBD Quasi-Birth-and-Death QBER Quantum Bit-Error Rate Qbone QoS Backbone QC Quality Check QC Quality Control QC Quantum Cryptography QCD Quantum Chromodynamics, Quantenchromodynamik QCL Quantum Cascade Laser QCR Quality Change Unit QD Quantum Dot QDRI Qualitative Development Requirement Information QE Quality Evaluation QED Quantenelektrodynamik qed quod erat demonstrandum (= was zu beweisen war) QELS Quantum Electronics and Laser Science (Conference) QFD Quality Function Deployment QFE Pressure value for altimeter setting (altimeter indicates the height above QFL Quantumaerodrome) Fountain Laser QFM Quantized Frequency Modulation QFT Quantenfeldtheorie QFU Magnetic orientation of runway QGP Quark-Gluon Plasma QHE Quantum Hall Effect, Quanten-Hall-Effekt QKD Quantum Key Distribution (Kryptographie) QM Quality Management, Qualitätsmanagement QM Quantum Magnetics QMC Quanten-Monte-Carlo (-Technik) QMS Quasi-monokristalline Siliziumschicht QND Quantum Nondemolition Measurement (rückwirkungsfreie Quantenmessung) QNH Pressure value for altimeter setting (altimeter indicates the altitude) QO Quantisation Operation QoS Quality of Service QOS Quality of Service QPAM Quadrature Phase and Amplitude Modulation QPAM Quantized Pulse Amplitude Modulation QPM Quantized Phase Modulation QPO Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (Röntgensterne) QPP Qualification Programme Plan QPPM Quantized Pulse Position Modulation QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) QPSK Quaternary Phase Shift Keying QQ Quell-Codierung QRY (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Datenbank-Abfrage) QSAM Quadrature Sideband Amplitude Modulation QSAR Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (Chemie) QSBFWCM Quasi-Static-Block Fading Wireless Channel Model QSIG Q Interface Signaling QSM Qualitative Software Metrics QSVD Quotient Singular Value Decomposition QTP Qualification Test-Plan QTVR Quick Time Virtual Reality QTYR Quantity QUAM Quantized Amplitude Modulation QUANTOM Quantitative Tomographiedatenanalyse QUIC Quantum Information and Computation Consortium QW Quantum Well QW Quadratic Weigth QWI Quantum Well Intermixing (tunable laser) QWIP Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector R Red = 2,5-bis[4-[N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-phenylamino]]styrylbenzene-1,4- R Rightdicarbonitrile R R ALT Radar Altimeter R&D Research and Development R&I Research and Innovation R&S Retraction Actuator R&T Research and Technology R/A Radar Altimeter R/A Rhode und Schwarz R/C Rate of Climb R/C Revenue/Cost Ratio R/D Rate of Decsent R5 Release 5 RA Receiving Antenna RA Radar Altimeter RA Radio Access (Telekommunikation) RA Research Assistant (USA) RA Restricted area RA Rheumatoid Arthrits RA Radio Astronomy RAA Radar Air/Air RAB Radio Access Bearer RAB Radio Access Bearer (Telekommunikation) RAB Remote Amplifier Box (Telekommunikation) RAC Radio Admission Control (Telekommunikation) RAC Routing Area Code RAC Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Serv RACE Research and Development in Advanced Communication Technologies in RACH RandomEurope [or: Access Research Channel (Programme) on (or: into) Advanced Communication(s) RAD Radiansin Europe] RAD Radiation Absorbed Dose RAD Radio Altimeter RAD Rapid Application Development RAD ALT Radar Altimeter RAD ALT Radar of Radio Altitude RADAR Radio Detection And Ranging (Radio Aircraft Detection and Ranging) RADHAZ Radiation Hazards RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (Telekommunication) RADM Radom RADSL Rate Adaptive DSL RAeS Royal Aeronautical Society (UK) RAFIS Radar-assisted flight information service RAG Radar Air/Ground RAHR Reversionary Attitude & Heading Ref. RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAINBOW Reduced and Internally Biased Oxide Wafer (piezoelektrischer Aktuator) RAIRO Revue Française d'Automatique, Informatique et Recherche Opérationelle RAIW Review Audit Inspection Walk trough RAL Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory (Oxford-Chilton, UK) RALT Radio Altitude RAM Random Access Memory RAM Reliability,Availability,Maintainability RAM Remote Access Multiplexer (Internet) RAM & T Reliability, Availability, Maintainability & Testability RAMICS Rapid Airbore Mine Clearance System RAN Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) RAN Remote Access Node (Telekommunikation) RANAP Radio Access Network Application Part (Telekommunikation) RAP Radio Access Profile (Telekommunikation) RAP Radiological Assistence Program (DoE, USA) RAPCON Radar approach control center RAPID Research and Public Information and Dissemination (USA, Programm zu RAPTOR RapidEMF-Schäden) Telescopes for Optical Response RARDE Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment (UK) RAS Reflectance Anisotropy Spectroscopy RAS Registration, Admission and Status (Kommunikation) RAS Remote Access Server (or: Service) (Telekommunikation) RAS Royal Astronomical Society (UK) RAS Russian Acoustical Society RASS Radio Acoustic Sounding System RAST Radio Allergo Sorbent Test RAST Recovery Assist, Securing and Traversing System RASTI Rapid Speech Transmission Index RASU Rate Acceleration Sensor Unit RAT Radio Access Technology RB Radio Bearer (Telekommunikation) RB Reference Book RBOC Regional Bell Operating Company RBW Resolution Bandwidth (Telekommunikation) RC Reduced Complexitity RC Rate Conversion RC Routing Controller (Telekommunikation) RCC Rescue Control Center RCC Rescue Coordination Center RCC Routing Control Channel (Telekommunikation) RCCB Remote Control Circuit Breakers RCE Request for Continuated Examination RCF Resource Control Function RCK Research Centre Karlsruhe RCL Radio Communication Links RCL Report Contents List RCLED Resonant Cavity Light Emitting Diode RCMLD Reduced Maximum Likelyhood Detector RCMS Remote Control and Monitoring System RCN Reconnaissance RCP Radio Control Part RCP Rapid Controller Prototyping RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (USA) RCS Radar Cross Section RCS Reduced Complexity Scheme RCS Radar Cross Section RCS Radar Cross Section RCSU Remote Control and Status Unit RD Road (US Mail) RD Route Distinguishers RDBMS Relational Database Management System (Telekommunikation) RDC Remote Digital Concentrator (Telekommunikation) RDE Rapid Data Entry RDF Resource Description Framework (Telekommunikation) RDF Reverse Dispersion Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) RDL Radial of Waypoint from Tacan RDM Rayleigh-distributed Magnitude RDP Received Data Points RDR Radar RDRB Radarbombing RDS Radio Data System (Europe) RDS Receive Data Streams RDTH Rock Down the House RDV Received Data Vector RDX Trimethylentrinitramin (Hexogen, Sprengstoff) RE Radar Equation RE radiated emission RE Relay Entity (Telecom) REA Rauchgas-Entschwefelungs-Anlage REACH Registerierung, Evaluierung und Authorisierung von Chemikalien (Pharma) REACOL Réseau Européen pour l'Assemblage par Collage READSL Reach Extended ADSL REAP Reliability Evaluation and Analysis Program REC Radiative Electron Capture REC Receiver RECOVER Remote Continual Verification (Atomenergie-Kontrolle) RECT Rectifier RED Random Early Detection RED Reflection Electron Diffraction REF Reference Ref Reference REG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows Registrierungs-Datei) REG Regulator REL Release REL Release message REM Rapid Eye Mount (Teleskop, Italien) REM Rapid Eye Movement (Schlaf-Phase) REM Rasterelektronenmikroskop RERF Radiation Effects Research Foundation (Japan) RES Radio Equipment and Systems (TC im ETSI) RES Reciever/Exiter Synchronzier Res Reservation RES Resonance RE-SEED Retirees Enhancing Science Education through Experiment and RET RequestDemonstration for Extension (USA) of Time (-> FG) RET Resolution Enhancement Technology (HP-Laserdrucker) RETR Retract REU Remote Control Electronic Unit Rev Reverb REV Reverse Rev Revision Rev. Revision REWIMET Regionales Windfeld-Modell einschließlich Transport (Wettervorhersage) REX Realtime Executive (ein Betriebssystem) RF Radio Frequency RF Radio Frequency RF Risk Factor RF Rocket Fuel RFA Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse RFC Radio Frequency Carrier RFC Request For Comment (Rechnernetz) RFD Remote Frequency Display RFD Request For Discussion (Rechnernetz) RFI Radio Frequency Inteferences RFI Radio frequency interface RFI Remote Frequency Indicator RFI Request for Informations RFID Radio-Frequency Identification RFM Radio Frequency Modulator RFP Radio Frquency Part RFP Request For Proposal RFPI Radio Fixed Part Identity (DECT) RFS Radio Frequency Signal RFS Radio Frquency Stage RFS Request for Skipper RFX Radio Fix Rg Range RG Rate Gyro Rg Roger, Range RGA Residual Gas Analyzer RGB Red-Green-Blue, Rot-Grün-Blau (TV) RGO Reduced Gravity Office (NASA) RGS Reflection Grating Spectrometer RGS Royal Geographic Society (London, 1830) RGW Rat für gegenseitige Wirtschaftshilfe RGW Residential Gateway (Kommunikation) RGZM Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Forschungsinstitut für Vor- und RH RelativeFrühgeschichte Humidity (Mainz) RH Right Hand RHD Right Hemisphere Damage (Hirnschäden) RHEED Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (Oberflächenanalyse, RHF RadiationElektronenoptik) Health Foundation RHIC Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, RHT ReheatUSA) RI Rhode Island (US-Staat) RIA Radio Industry Association RIB Routing Information Base (Telekommunikation) RIBE Reactive Ion Beam Etching RID Remote Indicator Display RIE Reactive Ion Etching Rig Rigorosum RIKEN [Institute of Physical and Chemical Research] (Japan) RIMS Resonance Ionization Mass Spectroscopy RIN Relative Intensity Noise RIP Requiescat in pace (Ruhe in Frieden) RIP Routing Information Protocol (Internet) RIPL Reconnaissance and Interdication Planning Line RIS Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy RISC Reduced-Instruction-Set Computer RISC Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (Linz, Österreich) RIT Rocket Ignition Trigger RITA Radio Frequency Ion Thruster Assembly RITL Radio in the Loop (Telekommunikation) RIU Radar Interface Unit RKA [Russian Space Agency] RKM Rasterkraftmikroskop RKTS Rockets RL Reduced Latency RLAS Radio Login Access Server RLC Radio Link Control(ler) (TK, Layer 2) RLC Release Complete Message RLC Resistor Loop Condenser (Oscillator circuit) RLG Ring Laser Gyro RLL Radio in the Local Loop (Telekommunikation) RLMS Recursive Least Mean Square (Algorithmus) rlogin remote login RLR Receive Loudness Rating (Telekommunikation) RLS Recursive Least Square (Algorithmus) RM Redundancy Management RM Remote Manager (Telekommunikation) RM Resource Manager RM Room (US Mail) RMC RACE Management Committee RMC-C Central Remote Maintenance Centre RMC-R Regional Remote Maintenance Centre RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator RMI Remote Method Invocation (Telekommunikation) RMMS Remote Maintenance and Monitoring System RMON Remote Monitoring RMR Remote Map Reader RMS Resonant Macrosonic Synthesis RMS Root Mean Square RNA Ribonucleic Acid RNC Radio (and) Network (or: Node) Controller (Telekommunikation) RNC Radio Network Controller RNEP Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator (Atomwaffe, USA) RNG Random Number Generator RNG Range RNLAF Royal Netherlands Air Force RNLN Royal Netherlands Navy RNO Radio Network Optimization (Telekommunikation) RNP Radio Network Planning (Telekommunikation) RNRT Réseau National de Recherche en Télécommunications (France Télécom) RNS Radio Network Subsystem RNS Ribonucleinsäure RNTI Radio Network Temporal Identity RO Ring Oscillator R-OADM Reconfigurable Optical ADM ROC Requirea Operational Capability ROCCO Robust Checksum-Based Header Compression (Telekommunikation) RoI Return On Investment ROI Return On Investment (or: Instrument) ROL Reverse Oscillating Layer ROM Read Only Memory ROMPLER Read Only Memory Player (= Sampler playing only from ROM) ROP Reduced Order Problem ROR Reliability of Reception ROSAT (deutscher) Röntgensatellit, Roentgen Satellite (1990) ROSIS Reflective Optics System Imaging Spectrometer ROT Robustness of Transmission ROT Reliability of Transmission ROT Rotation rot rotation ROTEX Roboter-Technologie-Experiment (Spacelab) ROTSE Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (Astrophysik) ROV Remotely Operated Vehicle RP Route Processor (Telekommunikation) RPA Random Phase Approximation RPC Remote Procedure Call RPD Rapid RPDP Routing Policy Decision Point RPG Rising Pulse Generator (Circuit) (see also FPG; LPG, TPG) RPI Runway Point of Intercept RPM Radio Policy Matters (TC im ETSI) RPM Revolutions Per Minute RPM Rounds Per Minute RPO Rahmenprüfungsordnung RPP Realtime Phrase Pattern RPR Resilence Ring Packet RPR Resilient Package Ring (Telekommunikation) RPRT Report Contents List RPS Realtime Phrase Sequence RPS The Romanian Physical Society RPT Repeator RPV Remotely Piloted Vehicles RPWS Radio and Plasma Wave Science (Instrument an Bord des Saturn-Satelliten RR radiativeCassini) Rekombination RR Radio Regulations RR Radio Resource RR Radioactive Radiation RR Rate Rank, Ratengrad rR regoR RR Riva-Rocci (-Apparat zur Blutdruckmessung) Rr Roger RRC Radio Resource Control (Telekommunikation, Layer 3) RRD Remote Readout Display RRM Radio Resource Management RRP Rapid Reconfiguration Protocol (Telekommunikation) R-RPM Rotor-Revolutions per Minute RRU Radio Remote Unit RS radiated susceptibility RS Reception Scheme RS Raman Spectroscopy RS Reed Solomon (cryptography) RS-232 RS: Recommended Standard (EIA) RSA [Ronald] Rivest, [Adi] Shamir, [Leonard A.] Adleman (asymmetrischer RSC RadioKryptoalgorithmus, Station, Central 1977) (Telekommunikation) RSCW Radio Station Central Wireless (Telekommunikation) RSFQ Rapid Single Flux Quantum Device rsh Remote Shell RSM Remote Station Nodal (Telekommunikation) RSMPWC Rich-Scattering Multi-Path Wireless Channel RSRA Rotor Systems Research Aircraft RSS Reduced Search Set RSS Reduced Static Stability RSSD Reduced State Sequence Detection RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indication (DECT) (or Radio ...) RST Radio Station, Terminal (Telekommunikation) RST Repeater Station RST Resonance Scattering Theory RST Running Status Table RSTP Rapid Spinning Tree Protocol (Telekommunikation) RSTW Radio Station Terminal Wireless (Telekommunikation) RSU Remote Subscriber Unit (Telekommunikation) RSV Received Symbol Vector RSV Receive Signal Vectors RSV Received Signal Vector RSVP Répond, s'il vout plaît (bitte antworten) RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol (Internet) RSVP-TE Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (Telekommunikation) RT Radio Transceiver RT Real-Time RT Relay Tester RT Remote Terminal RT Route Target RTA Real-Time Application RTA Receiving Transmitting Antenna RTAC Real-Time Atmospheric Compensation (Adaptive Optik) RTAI Real-Time Application Interface (Telekommunikation) RTCP Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) RTD Real-Time Difference RTD Receiver Target Distance RTD Research and Technological Development (EC) RTD Resistance Temperature Detector (z.B. Pt) RTD Resonant Tunneling Device RTD Round-Trip Delay RTE Return From Exception RTE Route RTF Rich Text Format (Dateinamenerweiterung: Textdatei im Rich-Text-Format) RTG Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator RTI Real-Time Interface RTL Raster Transfer Language (HP) RTL Real-Time Linux RTLinux Real-Time Linux RTM Raster-Tunnelmikroskop(ie) RTM Real Time Monitoring RTO Research and Technological Organization (EC) RTOS Realtime Operating System RTOS Real-Time Operating System RTP Real Time Protocol RTP Real-Time (Transport) Protocol (Telekommunikation) RTS Rotor and Transmission System RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol (Telekommunikation) RTT Round Trip Time RTTY Radio Teletype RTU Remote Terminal Unit (Telekommunikation) RTU Rock the Underridemaya RTW Real-Time Workshop RU Repeater Unit RU Resources Unit RULLI Remote Ultra-Low Light Imaging (Astrophysik) RUS Rechenzentrum Universität Stuttgart RV Random Variable RV Receiver Vector RV Receive Vector RV Regionalverband (z. B. DPG) RV Real Value RVA Richtlinienverabschiedungsausschuss (NALS) RVDT Rotary Variable Differential Transducer RVDT Rotary Voltage Differential Transformer RVR Runway Visual Range RW Ridge Waveguide RW Rotary wing RWA Receive Wavelength Adapter (Kommunikation) RWC Real World Computing RWCP Real World Computing Partnership (1992-2002) RWE Rheinisch-Westfälische Elektrizitätswerke (?) RWI Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (Essen) RWR Radar Warnig Receiver RWTH Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Aachen) RWY Runway Rx Receiver RXID Receiving Swtich ID RXPORT Receiving Port RXTE Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (Röntgensatellit) RZ Return to Zero (Kommunikation) RZÜ Rechnergestützte Zugüberwachung S S Second S & TE Support & Test Equipment S of R (SoR) Society of Rheology (USA) S&F Simplicity and Flexibilitiy S&S Stealth & Surprise S&T Science and Technology S.SHDSL Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line S/A Shock Absorber S/D Self Defense S/H Sample Hold S/N Serial Number S/R Switch/Router (Telekommunikation) S/TE Support and Test Equipment S/W Software S2P Serial to Parallel SA Structured Analysis SA Service Area SA Selective Availability (Satellitennavigation) SA Service Activation (Telekommunikation) SAA Standards Australia SAAI Southern Africa Acoustics Institute SAAL Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer (Telekommunikation) SAARC South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation SABM Set Asynchronous Balanced Model SAC Service Area Code SAC Service Admission Control (Telekommunikation) SAC Strategic Air Command (USA) SACD Super Audio Compact Disk SACMOS Self Aligned Contacts MOS SAD Spotless Activated Deposition (dünne Schichten) SADC Southern Africa Development Cooperation SADRC Subband Block Adaptive Quantization SADT Sructured Analysis and Design Technique SAE Society of Audio Engineers SAE Society of Automotive Engineers (USA) SAFISY Space Agency Forum on ISY SAFTA South Asian Free Trade Association SAG Selective Area Growth SAGE Soviet-American Gallium Experiment (Sonnen-Neutrinos, im Kaukasus) SAGM Separate Absorption, Grading and Multiplication (APD) SAHR Secondary Attitude and Heating Reference System SALT Southern African Large Telescope SALT Speech Application Language Tags (Telekommunikation) SALT Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (or: Talks) SAM Scanning Acoustic Microscope SAM selbstaggregierende Monolagen SAM Separate Absorption and Multiplication (ADP) SAM Speech Assessment Methodology SAM Spherical Aberration Management SAMC Single Action Multiple Command (Entry means like keyboard) SAMPE Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering SAMPE Society of Aerospace Material and Process Engineering SAMPEX Solar, Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (USA, Raumfahrt) SAN Storage Area Network (Telekommunikation) SANA Wissenschaftliches Begleitprogramm zur Sanierung der Atmosphäre über den SANE Sustainableneuen Bundesländern Accomodation for the New Economy (EU-Projekt) SAP Service Access Point (Internet) SAP Symbolic Assembler Program (IBM 704, 1956) SAPAM Society of African Physicists and Mathematicians SAPI Service Access Point Identifier SAPPHIRE Satellite and Aircraft Data Base Project for System Integrity Research SAPTA South(Satellitennavigation) Asian Preference Trade Association SAR Search and Rescue SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar SAR Second Assessment Report (IPCC, über globale Klimaveränderung, 1995) SAR Specific Absorption Rate SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar, Synthetik-Apertur-Radar SARA Système Accélérateur Rhône-Alpes (Grenoble) SARAS SAR Avionic System SARDO Search and Rescue Duty Officer SARLE SAR Locator Equipment SARLO Search and Rescue Liaison SAS Stability Augmentation System SAS Stores Management System SAS Statistics and Accounting Server SAS Statistik-Server SAS Swedish Acoustical Society, Svenska Akustiska Sällskapet SASE Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission SAT Stator Outlet Temperature SAT SIM Application Toolkit (Telekommunikation) SAT-CDMA Satellite CDMA SATCO Senior Air Traffic Control Officer SAVOIR Sound and Vibration Organisation Information Resources (assocation formed SAW Surfacein 1990 withAcoustic support Wave from the EG COMETT programme, located at ISVR, SAW stop-and-waitSouthampton) SAW Sawtooth (Synthesis) SAXS Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering SB Synchronization Burst (Telekommunikation) SBC Single Board Computer SBEC Subband Echo Canceler SBIR Small Business Innovation Research (Program, USA) SBIRS Space-Based Infrared System - Low Earth Orbit SBL Space Based Laser SBP Société Belge de Physique SBR Strodyne Butadiene Rubber SBR Sustainable Bit Rate (Datentransfer) SBS Save British Science (Lobby Group) SBS Stimulated Brillouin Scattering SBSL Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Einzelblasensonolumineszenz SBTA S-Band Test Accelerator SBWAS Space Based Wide Area Surveillance SBY Stand-By SBZ Sowjetische Besatzungszone SC Sub Carrier SC System Controller SC Signal Constellation SC Software Code SC Steering Committee SC System Controller SC Subcontract SC South Carolina (US-Staat) SC Switch-Capacitor (Filter) SC Searching Complexity SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (Telekommunikation) SCAI [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Algorithmen und Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (St. Augustin) SCALPEL Scattering with Angular Limitation Projection Electron Beam Lithography SCAMP Service Control and Monitoring Prototype SCAR Scientific Committee on Arctic Research SCAR Supersonic Cruise Aircraft Research SCAS Stability Augmentation System SCASSS Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (Uppsala) SCBR Silicon Chip Bragg Reflector (Laser) SCC Special Control Character SCC Standards Council of Canada SCC Software Configuration Controler SCC Satellite Control Center (Telekommunikation) SCC Signaling Congestion Control (Telekommunikation) SCC Signaling Core System (Telecom) SCCB SoftwareConfiguration Control Board SCCP Signaling Connection and Control Part (or: Point) (Telekommunikation) S-CCPCH Secondary Common Control Physical Channel SCCR Software Configuration Control Record SCCR Short-Circuit Current Response S-CDR Serving General Packet Radio System - Call Detail Record SCE Standard Calibration Equipment SCE Service Creation Environment (Telekommunikation) SCF Service Control Protocol SCF Self-Consistent Field SCF Service Control Function (Telekommunikation) SCF La Sociedad Colombiana de Fisica SCH Separate Confinement Heterostructure SCI Software Configuration Item SCI Send Charging Information SCI Science Citation Index (beim ISI, Philadelphia, PA, USA) SCIAMACHY Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography SCID Severe(ENVISAT) Combined Immune Deficiency SCIM Subcarrier Intensity Modulation SCL Syncronized Carrier Load SCM Scanning Capacitance Microscopy SCM Subcarrier Multiplexing SCM Supply Chain Management SCM(I/O) Software Configuration Management (Instruction/Organisation) SCM(P) Software Configuration Management Plan SCMFT Self-Consistent Mean Field Theory SCN Switched Circuit Network (Telekommunikation) SCO Synchronous Connection Oriented (Telekommunikation) SCOLE Spacecraft Control Laboratory Experiment (NASA, etwa 1983) SCON Signalling Congestion SCOR Scientific Committee on Ocean Research SCORE Spectral Self-Coherence Restoral (Algorithmus) SCP Simplex Communication Protocol (see DCP) SCP Service Control Point (Telekommunikation) SCP Session Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier (Telekommunikation) SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPP Standing Conference of Physics Professors (UK) SCR Software Change Request SCRI Supercomputer Computations Research Institute (Tallahassee, FL, USA) SCS Self-Consistent Sequence SCS Sonobuoy Communication System S-CSCF Serving-Call Session Control Function S-CSCF Serving CSCF S-CSCF Serving Call Session Control Function SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol SCTP/IP Simple Control Transmission Protocol/Internet Protocol SCU Signal Converting Unit SCU Secondary Control Unit SCU Signalling and Control Unit (Telekommunikation) SCU Signalling Channel Unit (Telekommunikation) SCUBA Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array SCV Signal Column Vector SD Software Decision SD Schematic Diagram SD Strap Down SD Self Defense SD Secure Digital (Memory Card) SD South Dakota (US-Staat) SD Suboptimal Detector SD Sphere Decoder SD Searching Dimension SDA Signal Detection Accuracy SDA Sphere Decoding Algorithm SDAP Service Discovery Application Profile (Telekommunikation) SD-AU Strap Down Accelerometer Unit SDC Shaft Driven Compressor SDC Signal Data Converter SDCCH Standalone Dedicated Control Channel SDD Software Design Document SDDD Software Detailed Design Document SDDS Scrambled Digital Data Stream SDE System Development Environment SDE Service Development Environment (Telekommunikation) SDF Service Data Flow SDFBCC Service Data Flow Based Credit Control SDG Space Diversity Gain SD-GU Strap Down Gyro Unit SDH Synchcronous Digtial Hierarchy SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (Übertragungsstandard) SDH VC-n Path Synchcronous Digtial Hierarchy Virtual Container Path SDI Strategic Defense Initiative SDI Subscriber Distribution Interface (Telekommunikation) SDI Serial Device Interface SDIO Strategic Defense Initiative Organization SDK Source Development Kit SDL System Data Layer SDLC Synchronous Data Link Control SDLS Satellite Data Link System (Telekommunikation) SDM Statistical Data Miner SDMA Space Division Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) S-DMB Satellite Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (Telekommunikation) SDMI Secure Digital Music Initiative SDMS Scientific Data Management System SDO Standard Development Organizations SDOF Single-Degree-of-Freedom (System) SDP Software Development Plan SDP Service Data Point (Telekommunikation) SDP Service Delivery Point (Internet) SDP Session Description Protocol (Telekommunikation) SDR System Design Review SDR Service Data Record (Telekommunikation) SDR Software Defined Radio (Telekommunikation) SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (Computer) SDRL Supplies Data Requirement List SDS Sodium dodecyl sulphate, Natriumlaurylsulfat SDS Soft Decision Statistic SDSC San Diego Supercomputer Center SDSEG Scrambled Digital Data Segment SDSL Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SDSP Stall Departure Spin Prevention SDT Source Development Tool SDT Service Definition Table SDT Service Description Table (Telekommunikation) SDT Spin-Dependent Tunneling SD-T Stern-Dreieck-Transf SDTS [ANSI] Spatial Data Transfer Standard SDTV Standard-Definition Television [Format] SDU Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil - Santos Dumont (Airport Code) SDU Safety Disarm Unit (military aviation) SDU Satellite Data Unit SDU Seat Disconnect Unit SDU Secure Data Unit SDU Security Device Unit SDU Selection/Distribution Unit SDU Self Defense Upgrade SDU Service Data Unit SDU Service Delivery Unit SDU Shipborne Disk Unit SDU Signal Detection Unit SDU Signal Distribution Unit SDU Social Development Unit SDU Software Development Unit SDU Special Duties Unit (Hong Kong counter-terrorist group) SDU Special Duty Unit SDU Staatsdrukkerij/Uitgeverij SDU Staff Development Unit SDU Standalone Display Unit SDU Standard Dial-Up SDU State Disbursement Unit (child support enforcement) SDU Storage Device Unit SDU Structural Damage Underwriter (insurance) SDU Students for a Democratic University (Canada) SDU Subscriber Data Unit SDU Subsea Distribution Unit (oil industry) SDU Suleyman Demirel Universitesi (Turkey) SDU Super-high Display Unit SDU Sustainable Development Unit SDU Switch Driver Unit SDVNC [International Conference on] Structural Dynamics, Vibration, Noise and SDZ ShowdownControl Zone SE Systems Engineering SE Schrödinger Equation SE Spectral Efficiency SEA Sociedad Española de Acústica SEAF Secretary of Energy Advisory Board (USA) SEA-ME-WE3 South East Asia - Middle East - Western Europe (Kommunikation) SEATO South-East Asia Treaty Organization SEC Secondary SEC Security Managament (Telekommunikation) SEC Solid Electrolyte Coulometry Sec. Secundant SECT Section SECTAM Southeastern Conference on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SED Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (DDR) SED Special Engineering Detachment (USA) SEED Science Education through Experiment and Demonstration (USA) SEED Self-Electrooptic-Effect Device SEI Software Engineering Institute SEL Select SEL Sound Exposure Level SELANE Secure Local Area Network Environment SELCAL Selective Call SELT Single Ended Loop Test (cable messurement in telecom) SEM Scanning Electron Microscope (auch: Microscopy) SEM Society for Experimental Mechanics (formerly: SESA) SEM Spectrum Emission Mask Sematech Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology (USA, IC-Firmen-Kooperation) SEMOS sensorgestützte Montagesysteme SEN Service Execution Node (Telekommunikation) SENSO Sensor Operator SEP Service Execution Point (Telekommunikation) SEP Société Européenne de Propulsion SEPG Software Engineering Project Group SEPR Systems Engineering Processes and Requirements SEQ Shape Equalizer (optische Telekommunikation) SERC Science and Engineering Research Council (UK) SERM Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (?), selektive Östrogen Rezeptor- SERS SurfaceModulatoren Enhancement Raman Spectroscopy SES Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (TC im ETSI) SES Single Electron Substance SES Societé Européenne des Satellites (Luxembourg) SES Spracherkennungssystem SESA Society for Experimental Stress Analysis (now: SEM) SESAM Semiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirrors SESAME Second European Stratospheric Arctic and Midlatitude Experiments SESAME Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Application in the Middle East SET Science,(Jordanien) Engineering, Technology SET Secure Electronic Transaction (Internet, Verschlüsselung) SET Single-Electron Transistor SET Single-Electron Tunneling (Oscillations) SETA Systems Engineering and Technical Assistance SETI Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence SEV Smallest Error Variance SEVA Self Validating (Sensor) SEVERI Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (mit MSG, geplant für 2000) SEVIS Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (USA) SEWASIE Semantic Web and Agents in Integrated Economics SF Spreading Factor SF Silan Fuel SF Step Function SF Spreading Factor (Telekommunikation) SFA Single Frequency Approach SFA Société Française d'Acoustique SFAEST Stabilized Fast A Posteri Error Sequential Technique (Algorithmus) SFB Same Frequency Band SFB Sonderforschungsbereich (DFG) SFC Specific Fuel Consumption SFC Supercritical Fluid Chromatography SFCS Secondary Flight Control System SFI Santa Fe Institute (NM, USA) SFM Scanning Force Microscopy SFM Société Française des Mécaniciens SFN Single Frequency Network (Digital Broadcast) SFN System Frame Number (Telekommunikation) SFP Société Française de Physique SFS Same Frequency Spectrum SFZ Sekretariat für Zukunftsforschung (Gelsenkirchen) SG Subgroup SG Symbol Generator SG Signaling Gateway (Telekommunikation) SG ITU-R Study Group SGA Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Akustik SGCP Simple Gateway Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) SGDBR Sampled-Grating Distributed-Bragg-Reflector (Laser) SGI Silicon Graphics, Inc. (Mountain View, CA, USA) SGIP China Union Short mesage Gateway Interface Protocol SGML Standard General(ized) Markup Language SGR Soft Gamma Repeaters (Astrophysik) SGSN Serving GPRS (General Packet Radio System) Support Node SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node (Telekommunikation) SHA Sample-and-Hold Amplifier SHA Staatshochbauamt SHAPE Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe SHARF Simplified Hyperstable Adaptive Recursive Filter SHAVE Shared Virtual Environment SHD Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (optische Nachrichtenübertragung) SHDSL Single Pair High Bit Rate DSL SHDSL Single Pair High Speed (or: Symmetric High Density) Digital Subscriber Line SHEFC Scottish(Telekommunikation) Higher Education Funding Council SHF Super High Frequency (3 - 30 GHz) SHG Software Management Group SHG Second Harmonic Generation SHIP Separator for Heavy Ion Reaction Products (GSI, Darmstadt) SHK Sanitär, Heizung, Klima [-Handwerk] SHO Soft HandOver (Telekommunikation) SHOP Shell Higher Olefin Process SHP Shaft Horse Power SHS Solar Home System SHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator SHTML Secure HTML (Telekommunikation) SI Soft information SI Singen (Kfz Kennzeichen) SI Service Information SI System International SI Système International d'Unités (Maßsystem) Si. Sister SIA Semiconductor Industry Association SIAM Scanning Infererometric Apertureless Microscopy SIAM Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (USA) SIB Service Independent Building Block (Telekommunikation) SIBBS Simple Inter Domain Bandwidth Broker Signaling SiC Siliziumkarbid SIC Silizium Carbid, Silcon Carbide SICM Scanning Ion Conduction Microscopy SID Source ID SID Standard Instrument Departure SIEM Sire of the IEM SIEM Sisterhood of the IEM SIEM Sound of the IEM SIF Selective Identification Feature SIF Small Image Format (Bildcodierung) SIF Società Italiana di Fisica SIFT Scanning for Intensely Fluorescent Targets (Prionen-Nachweis) SIG Special Interest Group SIGMA Support for Improvement in Governance and Management (EU) SIGTRAN Signalling Transport SILEX Semiconductor Laser Inter-Satellite Link Experiment (1998) SIM Single Inline Memory SIM Subscriber Identity Module SIM Skalierungs-Index-Methode (nichtlineare Dynamik) SIM Space Interferometry Mission SIM Subscriber Identity Module (Telekommunikation) SIMBA Superhigh Intensity Mono-Beam Amplifier Chain (KrF-Laser) SIMD Single Instruction, Multiple Data (Rechnerarchitektur) SIMM Single Inline Memory Module SIMMWIC Silicon Monolithic Millimeter Wave Integrated Circuit SIMO Single Input - Multiple Output (Controller, System) SIMS Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy SI-MTM server initiated end-to-end message transfer mechanism SIN Schweizer Institut für Nuklearforschung (Paul Scherrer-Institut, Villingen, SINQ [SchweizerSchweiz) Neutronenspallationsquelle] (Paul Scherrer-Institut, Villingen, SINR SignalSchweiz) to Interference and Noise Ratio SiON Silicon Oxynitride SIOP Single Integrated Operations Plan (USA) SIP Sessions Initiations Protocol SIP Session Initiation Protocol (Telekommunikation) SIPI Scientists' Institute for Public Information (New York) SIPS [Workshop on] Signal Processing Systems Design and Implementation SIPS Simply Interactive Personal Computer SIR Signal to Interference Ratio (Telecom) SIR Shuttle (or: Spaceborne) Imaging Radar (Satellit) SIR Signal-to-Interference Ratio SIR Submission Information Rate (Datennetz) SIR-C Spaceborne Imaging Radar - C SIRM Scanning Infrared Microscopy SIRTF Space Infrared Telescope Facility (Satellit) SIS Schwerionen-Synchrotron (bei der GSI, Darmstadt) SIS Spontaneous Information System (Telekommunikation) SIS Stateful Inspection System (Firewall) SIS Surface Inversion Strength (Meteorologie) SISO Single Input - Single Output (Controller, System) SIT Self-Induced Transparency SIT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Sichere Telekommunikation (Darmstadt) SIT Structured Inventive Thinking SIV Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (Aids-Virus bei Affen) SIWL Single Wheel Load SJ Selective Jettison SK Station Keeping SK Service Key SKAN SkyBridge Access Node (Telekommunikation) SKD Skid SKED Schedule SKM Scanning Kelvin Microscopy SKS Station Keeping System SKT SkyBridge Terminal (Telekommunikation) SKT PRO SkyBridge Professional Terminal (Telekommunikation) SKT RES SkyBridge Residential Terminal (Telekommunikation) SL Sea Level SL Schwere Löcher (Halbleiterphysik) SL Sonoluminescence, Sonolumineszenz SLA Service Level Agent SLA Service Level Agreement SLA Service Level Agreement (Telekommunikation) SLAC Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SLAM Scanning Laser Acoustical Microscope SLAR Side-Looking Airborne Radar SLAWS Selectable Low-Altitude Warning System SLB Server Load Balancing (Telekommunikation) SLBM Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile SLC Single Look Complex SLCM Sea-Launched Cruise Missile SLD Sanfte Laser-Desorption SLEE Service Logic Execution Environment (Telekommunikation) SLEP Service Left Enhancement Program SLG Schweizerische Liga gegen den Lärm SLIC Subscriber Line Interface Circuit (Telekommunikation) SLIS Scanning Linear Imager Sensor SLM Selective Laser-Melting SLM Service Level Management (Telekommunikation) SLM Spatial Light Modulator (Optoelectronic, Laser) SLO Scanning Laser Ophthalmoskop SLP Service Location Protocol (Telekommunikation) SLR Satelliten-Laser-Radar SLR Send(ing) Loudness Rating (Telekommunikation) SLS Service Level Specification (Telekommunikation) SLS Sphere Local Seraching SLSA Sphere Local Seraching Algorithm SLSD Sphere Local Seraching Decoder SLT Statistical Learning Theory SLTE Standard Laboratory Test Equipment SLTE Subscriber Line Terminal Equipment (Telekommunikation) SM Safety Mechanism SM Session Management (Telekommunikation) SM Section Monitoring SM Single Mode (optische Telekommunikation) SM Software Manager SM Software Module SM Sub Matrix SMA Spectrum Management Agency SMA Small Business and Midrange Accounts (Telecom, Billing) SMA Shape Memory Alloy [or: Actuator] SMAD Sowjetische Militäradministration in Deutschland SMB Small and Medium Size Business (= KMU) SMC Signal Modulation Constellation SMC Stores Management Computer SMC Service Management Center (Internet) SMC Sheet Moulding Compound SMC Switch Management Center (Telekommunikation) SMD Surface Mounted Device SMDPP Short Message Delivery Peer-to-Peer SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service SME Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (ESPRIT) [= KMU] SMES Superconductor Magnetic Energy Storage, supraleitender magnetischer SMEX SmallEnergiespeicher Explorer Program (USA, Raumfahrt) SMF Service Management Function (Telekommunikation) SMF Single Mode Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) SMG Spatial Multiplexing Gain SMG Special Mobile Group (TC im ETSI) SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System SMIF Standard(Rollverkehrsführungssystem) Mechanical Interface SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language SMILE Scientific Simulation Environment SML Software Management Library SML Service Management Layer (optische Telekommunikation) SMLC Serving Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation) SMLWEA Self-Modulated Laser Wakefield Accelerator SMP Service Management Point (or: Platform) (Telekommunikation) SMP Symmetric Multiprocessing SMPP Short Message Peer-to-Peer Protocol (Telekommunikation) SMPT Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMPTE Society of Motion Pictures and Television Engineers SMR Surface Movement Radar SMS Spatial Multiplexing Systems SMS Short Message Service SMS Store Management System SMS Stores Management Subsystem SMS Service Management System (Telekommunikation) SMS Short Message Service (Telekommunikation) SMS Single Molecule Spectroscopy SMS Statistical Mode Sensor SMS Short Message Service SMS-C Short Message Service Center (Telekommunikation) SMT Surface Mount Technology (Platinenherstellung) SMTA Surface Mount Technology Association (Edina, MN, USA) SMTP Simple Mail Transport Protocol (Telekommunikation) SMU Source Measure Unit SN soon SN Service Node (Telekommunikation) SNA Systems Network Architekture SNA System of National Accounts (Volkswirtschaft) SNAAP Study of Noise and Aerodynamics of Advanced Propellers (EU- SNAM ScanningForschungsprojekt) Nearfield Acoustical Microscopy SNCP Sub-Network Connection Protection (Telekommunikation) SND [Alcatel] Submarine Networks Division (Seekabel) SNDCP Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol SNDCP Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol (Telekommunikation) S-NE STM Network Element (Telekommunikation) SNECMA Société Nationale d'étude et de construction de moteurs d'aviation (Paris, SNF SpentFrankreich) Nuclear Fuel (Radioaktiver Abfall) SNI Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme SNIU Subscriber's Network Interface Unit SNM Signalling Network Management SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (Internet) SNN Statistical Neural Networks SNO Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (Kanada) SNOM Scanning Nearfield Optical Microscopy (or: Microscope) SNP (gesprochen: "Snip") Single Nucleotide Polymorphism SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNS Sensor SNS Spallation Neutron Source (ORNL, TN, USA, Eröffnung geplant für 2006) SNU Seoul National University (Korea) SNU Solar Neutrino Unit (1 SNU = 1 Einfang/(1036 Targetatome·sec)) SNV Studiengesellschaft Nahverkehr Berlin SO Sweep Oscillator SOA Service-oriented architecture SOA Software Quality Assurance SOA Safe Operating Area SOA Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (optische Telekommunikation) SOAE spontane otoakustische Emissionen SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP Service Oriented Architecture Protocol (Telekommunikation) SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol (Telekommunikation) SOAR Southern Observatory for Astronomical Research SOB System on Board SOBRAC Sociedade Brasileria de Acústica SOC Sector Operating Center SOC Self-Organized Criticality SOC Science Observation Center (XMM) SOCAP Smart Optical Correlator Auxiliary Processor SODS Sub-Optimal Detection Scheme SOE Sequence of Events SOE Standard Operating Environment SOEP Software Quality Evaluation Plan SOFAR Sound Fixing and Ranging (Schall-Leitungskanal im Ozean) SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell; Solid Electrolyte Oxygen Fuel Cell SOFI Soziologisches(Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle) Forschungsinstitut (Göttingen) SOFIA Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (geplant für 2003) SOFIE Spectroscopy Using Optical Fibres in the Marine Environment (EU-Projekt) SOG Spin On Glas SOH Since Overhaul SOHO Small Office, Home Office (Internet) SOHO Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (Satellit, 1995) SOI Silicon on Insulator SOI Solar Oscillatins Investigation (an Bord von SOHO) SOIF Standard Object Interchange Format (für Datenaustausch, Internet) SOL Senioren Online SOLIS Synoptic Optical Long-Term Investigations of the Sun (USA) SOM Scanning Optical Microscope SOMLD Soft output MLD SONAR Sound Navigation and Ranging SONATEC Selbstordnende Nanometer-Technologie SONET Synchronous Optical Network (optische Telekommunikation) SONO Sonar Operator SOO Site of Origin SOP Speed of Processing SOP Standing operating procedure SOP Standard Opening Procedure SOQE Society for Optical and Quantum Electronics (McLean, VA, USA) SOR Society of Rheology (USA) SOS Soft Output Signal SOS Silicon on Sapphire (substrate) SOV Shut-Off Valve SoW Statement of Work SoW Scope of Work SP Signal Path (defined by each pair of Transmit and Receive Antenna) SP Signal Point SP System Performance SP Security Problem SP Short Playing [record; recording mode] SP Structurel Programming SP Self-Pulsing (Telekommunikation) SP Service Provider (Telekommunikation) SP Signalling Points SP Subspace Projection SPAD Signals Passed at Danger SPARC Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (USA) SPAS Stick Position Augmentation System SPC Serial to Parallel Converter SPC Science Program Committee (ESA) SPC Statistical Process Coontrol SPC Signalling Point Code (Telecom) SPEC System Performance Evaluation Cooperative (Computer-Prozessor- SPECFP SPEC-fixedLeistungsfähigkeits-Test) point SPECINT SPEC-integer SPECT Single Electron Emission Computer Tomography SPELDA Structure porteuse pour lancement doubles Ariane (Ariane-Transportsystem) SPF Shortest Path First (Telekommunikation) SPF Super Plastic Forming SPG Schweizerische Physikalische Gesellschaft SPI Service Provider Interface (Telekommunikation) SPI Software Process Improvement SPIE Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (jetzt: International Society SPIFR Singleof Optical Pilot Engineering) Instrument Flight(USA) Rules SPL Splitter SPL Sound Pressure Level SPL Superconducting Proton Linac (CERN) SPM Secure Protocol Message SPM Scanning Probe Microscopy (or: Microscope) SPM Self Phase Modulation (Telecom) SPM Summary for Policy Makers (IPCC, über globale Klimaveränderung) SPMD Single-Program Multiple-Data SPO Secure Protocol Operation SPOT Satellite pour l'observation de la terre SPP Serial Port Profile SPP Service Provisioning Point (Telekommunikation) SPR Single Path Routing (Telekommunikation) SPR Subscription Profile Repository SPR Smith-Purcell Radiation SPRINT Strategic Program for Innovation and Technology Transfer SPRT Standard Platinum Resitance Thermometer SP-RTM Spinpolarisierte Rastertunnelmikroskopie SPS Signalling, Protocols and Switching (TC im ETSI) SPS The Slovak Physical Society SPS Society of Physics Students SPS Super Proton Synchrotron (CERN) SPS Secondary Power System SPTS Single Program Transport Stream (Telekommunikation) SPVC Soft (or: Signalized) Permanent Virtual Circuit (Telekommunikation) SPW Special Weapon Sq Square SQ Squelch SQC Software Quality Controler SQL Structured Query Language SQL Standard (or: Structural, or: Structured) Query Language (Telekommunikation) SQN Sequence Number SQUID Superconducting Quantum Interference Device SQW Single Quantum Well SR Signal Reconditioning SR Sunrise SR Search Retrieval SR Signal Recognition Sr. Sire SRA Source-Receiver Array SRAM Sequential RAM (?) SRBM Short Range Ballistic Missiles SRC Sample Rate Conversion Src Source SRC Strategic Committee and Review (TC im ETSI) SRD Software Requirements Document SRD Science Research Development (EU) SRD Short Range Device (Funkgeräte) SRET Scanning Reference Electrode Technique SRF Specialized Resources Function (Telekommunikation) SRF Strain Rate Feedback SRG Shared Risk Group (Telekommunikation) SRI Stanford Research Institute SRM Standard Reference Material (Temperaturstandard, NBS) SRMP Specialised Resource Management Part SRN Software Release Notes SRNC Serving Radio Network Controller (Telecom) SRNC Servicing Radio Network Controller (Telekommunikation) SRO Silicone Rich Oxide (semiconductor) SRP Specialised Resource Part SRP Special(ized) Resource(s) Point (Telekommunikation) SRR Software Release Request SRS Sonobuoy Reference System SRS Software Requirements Specification SRS Sequence Retrieval System (Bioinformatik) SRS Synchrotron Radiation Source (Daresbury Laboratory, GB) SRSP Specialised Resource Signaling Part SRT Source/Receiver Transponder SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRY Sex-Determining Region Y (Genetik) SS Sent Symbol SS Subset SS Sturmstaffel SS Sunset SS System Specification SS Spread Spectrum SS Signal Space SS7 Signaling System No. 7 SS7 Signaling System No. 7 (Telekommunikation) SS7 Signaling System 7 SSA Sphere Searching Algorithm SSA Standard-setting Association SSA Sphere Searching Algorithm SSB Single Side Band SSC Satellite Station Controller SSC Superconducting Super Collider (Texas, USA, geplant, aber 1993 SSC Surveyaufgegeben) Scientist Consortium (XMM) SSCOP Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol (Datennetz) SSCU Signal Switching and Conditioning Unit (Telekommunikation) SSD Switching System Division (Telekommunikation) SSDE System Software Development Environment SSEC Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (1947, Columbia, USA) SSF Service Switching Function SSF Service Switching Function (Telekommunikation) SSG Service Selection Group (Telekommunikation) SSG Special Study Group SSH Secured Shell (Telekommunikation) SSI Subscriber Subscription Information (Telecom) SSI Solid State Imaging [Camera] (Galileo-Satellit) SSI Stochastic Subspace Identification SSK Strahlenschutzkommission SSL Secure Socket Layer (Internet, offenes Verschlüsselungs-Protokoll) SSL Superconducting Sensor Laboratory (Chiba, Japan) SSM System Support Manager SSM Sign Status Matrix SSM Standard-Sonnenmodell (Astrophysik) SSMF Standard Single Mode Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) S-SMO-CDR SGSN delivered Short message Mobile Originated - Call Detail Record S-SMO-CDR Serving GPRS Support Node delivered Short message Mobile Originated - S-SMO-CDR ServingCall Detail General Record Packet Radio System Support Node delivered Short S-SMT-CDR SGSNmessage delivered Mobile ShortOriginated message - Call Mobile Detail TerminatedRecord - Call Detail Record S-SMT-CDR Serving General Packet Radio System Support Node delivered Short SSO Singlemessage Sign Mobile On Terminated - Call Detail Record SSP Service Switching Point SSP Société Suisse de Physique SSPA Solid State Power Amplifier SSPM Software Standard Procedure Manual SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar SSR Solid State Relay SSS System/Segment Specification SSS Space Segment SSST Southeastern Symposium on System Theory SST Spread Spectrum Transmission SST Standard Serviceability Test SST Special Service Tools SSt Schallschutzstufen (Ruheschutz in Wohnungen, VDI-Richtlinie 4100) SST Sea Surface Temperature SST Subscriber Station (Teilnehmerstation) SST Super Sharp Tube (Röntgenröhre, Philips) SSTV Slow Scan Television SSU Secondary Surveying Unit SSU Synchronization Supply Unit (Telekommunikation) SSV Sent Signal Vector SSV Sent Symbol Vector SSVF System Simulation and Verification Facility (ESTEC) ST System Throughput ST Standard Tooling ST Sixteen Thirty-two (Atari: 16 Bit externer/32 Bit interner Datenbus) ST Small Terminal ST Street (US Mail) STA Station STA Science and Technology Agency (Japan) STA Station (US Mail) STAB Stability STAG Source Tag STALO Stable Local Oscillator STAMAG NATO Stanardization Agreement STAR GLOBALSTAR Satellite Technology STAR Solenoidal Tracker of RHIC STAR Standardization and R & D Links (CEN-Arbeitsgruppe) STARS Software Technology for Adaptable Reliable Systems START Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak (Culham, UK) START Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty STARTAP Science, Technology and Research Transit Point (Datennetz der NSF, STAT StatusChicago, IL, USA) STAT Static STB Set Top Box STB Stabilized STB Set Top Box (Telekommunikation) STBY Standby STC Space Time Coding STC Sensity Time Control STCPD Straight Toothed Crownwheel Pinion Drive STD Space Time Decoding STD Estimated Time of Departure STD Standard STD Software Test Description STDF Space-Time Decoding Function STDR Sequence Time Domain Reflectrometry STE Special Test Equipment STE Suite (US Mail) ST-ECF Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ESO) STEF Space-Time Encoding Function STEM Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope STEP Satellite Test of Equivalence Principle STEP (German) Students Exchange Programme STF Special Technical Feature STFT Short Time Fourier Transform STG Schiffbautechnische Gesellschaft SThM Scanning Thermal Microscopy STI Scientific and Technical Information STI Standard Technical Instructions STI Signal-Transduktions-Inhibitor (Medikamentenklasse) STI Speech Transmission Index STIRAP Stimulated Raman Scattering Involving Adiabatic Passage STL Studio-to-Transmitter Link STLDD Software Top Level Design Document STM Synchronous Transmission Mode-1 STM Scanning Thermal Microscopy STM Scanning Tunnel[ing] Microscopy STM Synchronous Transfer (or: Transport) Module (Datennetz) STN Signal to Noise, S/N STN Stationline STN The Scientific and Technical Information Network (Datenbank) STN Supertwisted Nematic (Flüssigkristalle) STNVE Signal to Noise Value Estimate STOL Short Take-off and Landing STP Software Test Plan STP Shielded Twisted Pair (Datenkabel) STP Signaling Transfer Point (Telekommunikation) STP Silanterminierte Polyurethane (Kleb- und Dichtstoffe) STP Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol (Telekommunikation) STQ Save the Queen STR Software Test Report STR Self-Tuning Regulator STRL Science and Technical Research Laboratories (NHK, Japan) STS Same Time Slot STS Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy STS Section de Technicien Supérieure STS Synchronous Transport Signal (Datennetz) STS System Time Stamp (Telekommunikation) STSF Spatial Transformation of Sound Fields (Brüel & Kjær) STTD Space-Time Transmit Diversity STTE Special-to-Type Test Equipment STTE Special Type to Test Equipment STTI-KL Software-Technologie-Transfer-Initiative Kaiserslautern STTT Special To Type Tooling Stupa Studentenparlament SUB Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (Göttingen) SUMER Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (an Bord von SOHO) SUNDIAL Speech Understanding and Dialogue SUNY State University of New York (Buffalo, NY, USA) SUP Sign-Up Server SuperSmile Superior Semiconductor Mid-Infrared Laser SURF Surface SUSI Sydney University Stellar Interferometer SUSY Supersymmetrie (Elementarteilchentheorie) SUT System under Test SV Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft e.V. SVB Statistical Dialect of Visual Basic SVC Switched Virtual Circuit (Internet) SVD Singular Value Decomposition SVF Serial Vector Format S-VHS Super-VHS SVM Skalierungs-Vektor-Methode (nichtlineare Dynamik) SVO Spectroscopic Virtual Observatory SVP Single Value Problem SVP Set of vector Products SVP S'il vous plaît (~ if you like; engl.: please) SVR Shop Visit Rate SVST Swedish Vacuum Solar Telescope SW Scalar Wave SW Short Wave SW Switch SW Software SW Switch SW Software SW Software SWA Scalar Wave Absorber, DE10005905A1 SWAN Solar Wind Anisotropy (an Bord von SOHO) SWAS Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite SW-CDMA Satellite Wideband CMDA SW-CDTMA Satellite Wideband CDMA/TDMA (Telecommunication, Hybridverfahren) SWDA Software Design Authority S-Wellen Scherwellen (Geophysik) SWNT Single Wall Nanotubes SWP Switch Part SWS Semesterwochenstunde SXT Soft X-Ray Transient (Astrophysik) SYD System Display SYN Synchronize SYNC Synchronise SYS System SYSCON System Control SysCoP System for Copyright Protection SZ Süddeutsche Zeitung T T Thymin (DNA-Base) T&RA Transmit and Receive Antenna T.O. Technical Order T/0 Take Off T/A Trailing Arm T/R Transmit/Receive T/R Transmit/Receive [Modus] (Telekommunikation) t2r transition of rotation to translation at infinitive radius TA Transmitting Antenna TA Tankaufsatz TA Temperature of Ambient TA Terminal Adapter TA Terrain Avoidance TA Terminal Adapter TA Teaching Assistent (USA) TA Technikfolgen-Abschätzung TA Technische Anleitung TA Timing Advance (Telekommunikation) TAA Traffic Analysis Attack TAB Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung TAB Tape Automated Bonding TAC Type Approval Code TAC Technical Activity Committee (IEEE) TAC Technical Assistance Center (Telekommunikation) TACACS Terminal Access Controller Access Control System (Telekommunikation) TACAMO Take Charge And Move Out (Milit.) TACAN Tactical Air Navigation TACAS Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System TACCO Tactical Coordinator TACCO Tactical Control Officer TacIFR Tactical Instrument Flight Rules TACIS Technical Assistence to the Commonwealth of Independent States (EU) TACS Total Access Communication System (Telekommunikation) TACTAS Tactical Tasks TADS Target Aquisiton and Designation System TAF Tactical Aerodrome Forecast TAG Multi-Standard Identification Plate TAI Temps Atomique International TAL Technische Anleitung Luft TAL Telephonic Acoustic Loss (Telekommunikation) TAL [Deutsche] Transalpine Ölleitung TALC Technology Adoption Life Cycle (Telekommunikation) TAN Total Acid Number (Chemie) TAN Transaktionsnummer (Homebanking) TANS Tactical Air Navigation System Tansf Transformation TAO Telecommunications Advancement Organization (Japan) TAP Test Access Board TAPI Telephony Application Programming Interface (Telekommunikation) TARA Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (Japan) TARMAC Taxi and Ramp Management and Control (DLR, Flughafenbetrieb) TAROT Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires (Frankreich) TAS True Air Speed TASCC Tandem Accelerator Superconducting Cyclotron (Ontario, Kanada) TAT thematischer Apperzeptionstest (Psychologie) TAT Turn Around Time TAT 12/13 Transatlantic Ring (Glasfaserkabel USA - England - Frankreich) TATB Triaminotrinitrobenzol (Sprengstoff) TAZ Die Tageszeitung TB Timebase TB Total Bytes TB Terra Byte TB Time-Bandwidth (Product) TB Text Block TB&T Tail Boom & Tail TBCCO Thallium-Barium-Calcium-Kupferoxid (HTSL) TBD To Be Defined TBD To Be Determined TBF Temporary Block Flow (Telekommunikation) tbg Technologie-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft (Tochter der Deutschen TBN TotalAusgleichsbank) Base Number (Chemie) TBO Time between Overhaul TBP Text-based Protocol TBR Technical Basis for Regulation (DECT) TBT Turbine Beaving Temperature TBT Tributylzinn (in Anti-Fouling-Anstrichen) TBV Transmit Bit Vector TBW Tank breaking Weapon TC Tuned Channels TC Technical Committee (im CEN und ETSI) TC Traffic Conditioning TC Transcoder (Telekommunikation) TC Transmission Convergence (Internet) TC Trellis Code (Modulation) TC Total Carbon TCA Threshold Crossing Alarms (Telekommunikation) TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part (Telekommunikation) TCDD 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlordibenzo-para-Dioxin (,,Seveso-Gift'') TCH Threshold Crossing Height TCH Traffic Channel TCI Time Change Item TCL Through Camera Lens (Autofocus-System für Videocameras) TCM Tagungszentrum Messe (Hannover) TCM Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring TCN Technical Committee on Noise (ASA) TCNQ 8-Tetracyano-p-chinodimethan(id) TCP Tactical Control Proce System Control Subsystem TCP Technological Capabilities Panel (USA) TCP Transmission Control Protocol (Rechnernetz) TCP Tumor Control Probability TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol TCS Tactical Control TCS Tactical TCS Terminal Capabilty Set TCSCP Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting TCSS Tactical Control System Software TCTP Tactical Combat Training Program TD Turbo Diesel TD Transdrive (Data xfer sw Sharp PC-1475) TD Total Distortion TD Total Disturbance TDA Diaminotoluol TDC Total Decoding Complexity TDCMA Time Division CDMA (Telekommunikation) TDD Time Division Duplex(ing) (Telekommunikation) TDE Total Development Environment TDF Train Describer Function TDI Time-Delay Integration TDI Toluylendiisocyanat TDI Turbo Direct Injection (Motoren) TDLHS Tunable Diode Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer (NPL, UK) TDM Time Division Multiplexing TDM Tactical Munitions Dispenser TDM Time Division Multiplex(ing) (Telekommunikation) TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDMA Time Division Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) TDN Transputer Digital Signal Processor Network TDNN Time-Delay Neural Network TDP Trigger Detection Point TDP Technical Development Plan TDR Time Domain Reflectrometry TD-SCDMA Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access T-DSL Telekom DSL (zB. 768 kbps Empfangs- und 128 kbps Sende- TDT TransmitGeschwindigkeit, Diversity daher Technique asymmetrisch) TDT Time Data Table TDV Transmitted Data Vector TDZ Touchdown Zone TDZE Touchdown Zone Elevation TE Transfer Efficiency TE Tracking Error TE Test Equipment TE Terminal Equipment (TC im ETSI) TE transversal elektrisch (Hohlleitermode) TEC Technical Expertise Center (Telekommunikation) TECM Transformed Entitlement Control Message TED Transnational English Database TEDS Transducer Electronic Data Sheet TEF Trailing Edge Flaps TEG [Fraunhofer-] Technologie-Entwicklungsgruppe (Stuttgart) TEID Tunnel Endpoint Identifier TEID Tunnel Identifier TELI Technisch-Literarische Gesellschaft TELNET [Terminalemulation] (Rechnernetz) TEM Transmissionselektronenmikroskop(ie), Transmission Electron Microscope TEMP Temperature(or: Microscopy) Temp. Rev. Temporary Revision TEMPEST Temporary Emanation and Spurious Transmission TEMPUS Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Students (EU) TEN Trans-European Network (seit 1998, 155 Mbit/s) TEN-IBK Transeuropäische Netze - Integrierte Breitbandkommunikation TEOAE Transitorisch evozierte otoakustische Emissionen TEOS Tetraethylorthosilicate TEPAC Tube Engineering Panel Advisory Committee TEQ Tilt Equalizer (optische Telekommunikation) TER Terrace (US Mail) TER AVD Terrain Avoidance TER CLS Terrain Clearance TER FLW Terrain Following Terfenol-D Acronym aus Tb (Terbium), Dy (Dysprosium), Fe und NOL (Naval Ordnance TERI TerrestrialLaboratory), Ecosystems sh. J. Appl. Research Phys. 50 Initiative(1979) 1674-1676 TERN Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network TES Terminal Server TESLA TeV-Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator (bei DESY, Hamburg, TEST Transferablegeplant) European Space Technologies TETRA Trans-European Trunked Radio Access TEU Transmitter Equipment for UMTS (Telekommunikation) TEXUS Technische Experimente unter Schwerelosigkeit TF Terrain Following TF2DST Time Frequency two-dimension spreading technique TFB Transferbereich (im SFB) TFEL Thin Film Electroluminescence TFER Transfer TFF Thin Film Filter TFR Terrain Following Radar TFT Thin-Film Transistor TFT Traffic Flow Templates (Telekommunikation) TFTA Terrain Following, Terrain Avoidance TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol (Telekommunikation) TFTR Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) TFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephone System TFU Timing and Frequency Unit (Telekommunikation) TG Technical Group (INCE) TG ITU-R Task Group TG/CBE Technical Group on Computer and Business Equipment (INCE) TGA Trägergemeinschaft für Akkreditierung TGB Tail Gear Box TGHI Time Gated Holographic Imaging TGM Terminally Guided Missile TGMS Third Generation Mobile Communication System (Telekommunikation) TGS Ticket-Granting Service (Datennetz) TGT Target TGV Train à grande vitesse (?) (französische Bahn) TGW Trunking Gateway (Telekommunikation) TGZ Technologie- und Gründerzentrum THAAD Theater High Altitude Area Defense (USA) THD Total Harmonic Distortion THEL Tactical High-Energy Laser THEMIS Thermal Emission Imaging System (Mars-Sonde Odyssey) THG Tempelhofgesellschaft THR Threat thru through THTR Thorium-Hochtemperatur-Reaktor (Hamm i. Westf.) TI Type Information TI Transaction Identifier TI Thermal Imaging TI Institut für Telematik e.V. (Trier) TI Texas Instruments TIA Telecom(munications) Industry Association (USA) TIB Technische Informationsbibliothek (Hannover) TIC Total Inorganic Carbon TICAM Texas Institute of Computational Mathematics (College Park, MD, USA) TIDS Joint Tactical Information Distribution System TIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) TIFF Tag Image File Format (Graphikformat) TIG Tungsten-Inert Gas (Schutzgasschweißen) TIL Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (Zellen) TIM Terrestrial Interface Module (Telekommunikation) TIM D Transintermodulation Distortion TIMP Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteninase TIMS Teaching Integrated Math and Science (Chicago, IL, USA) TIMSS Third International Mathematics and Science Study TINA Telecommunications Information Network Architecture TIP Terabit IP Router (Telekommunikation) TIPOR Terabit IP Optical Router (Telekommunikation) TIPS Theory of Inventive Problem Solving TIT Tokyo Institute of Technologie TIT Turbine Inlet Temperature TJNAF Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Newport News, CA, USA) TK Telekommunikation TKG Telekommunikationsgesetz (25.7.96) TLC Thin Layer Chromatography TLCSC Top-Level Computer Software Component TLS Transport Layer Security TLS Transparent LAN Services (Telekommunikation) TLS Transport Layer Security (Telekommunikation) TM Transfered Message TM Torque Motor TM Terminal Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) TM Transmission and Multiplexing (TC im ETSI) TM transversal magnetisch (Hohlleitermode) TMC Tactical Mission Computer TMC Traffic Message Channel TMCC Transmission and Multiplexing Configuration Control (Telekommunikation) TMF Thermomechanical Fatigue TMF Tele-Management Forum (Telekommunikation) TMGI Temporal Mobil Group Identity TMI Texas Materials Institute TMIT Transmit TMN Telecommunication(s) Management Network (Telekommunikation) TMR Training and Mobility of Researchers (EU-Programm) TMR Tunneling Magnetoresistance TMSI Temporary IMSI TMSI Temporal Mobil Subscriber Identity TMSN Transmission TMTSF Tetramethyltetraselenanafulvalen (organischer Supraleiter) TMUX Transparent Multiplexer TMV Tooling Management Vehicle TN Tennessee (US-Staat) TN Twisted Nematic (Flüssigkristalle) TNA Terminal Control Area TNAZ Trinitroazetin (Sprengstoff) TNCP Trunk Network Connection Point TNF Tumor Nekrose Factor TNL Transport Network Layer (Telekommunikation) TNM Tumor, Nodi [Lymphknoten], Metastasen (Krebsstadium-Klassifizierung) TNO [Nederlandse organisatie voor] Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNOB Total Number of Bits TNPP Telocator Network Paging Protocol TNT Trinitrotoluol TNTR Transmitter TO Technical Order TO Thermo-Optical [Effects] ToA Time of Arrival TOC Total Organic Carbon TOCL Take Off, Climb TOD Technical Objective Document TODA Take Off Distance Available TOE Theory of Everything TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language (Sprachtest für Austauschstudenten) TOF Time-of-Flight (Massenspektrometer) TOFMS Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Tokamak [russ. Abk.: Ringkammer mit Magnetspule] (Kernfusionsreaktor) TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Sensor TON Taiwan Oscillation Network TOP Take-Off Power TOP Tactical Operating Procedures TOP Techical and Office Protocol (Datennetze) TOP thermooptisch variabler Polymerwerkstoff TOP Time-Averaged Orbiting Potential TOPAS Tankfahrzeug mit optimierten passiven und aktiven Sicherheitseinrichtungen TOPS Trends in Optics and Photonic Series (OSA, Buchreihe) TORA Take Off Run Available TORS Tool Order Reporting System TOS Type of Service TOS The Operating System TOS Type of Service (Telekommunikation) TOSS Take Off Safe Speed TOT Timer Over Target TOT Total Time on Target TOT Turbine Outlet Temperature TOT Time Offset Table TOU Technologieorientierte Unternehmensgründungen (Modellversuch, neue TOW TubeBundesländer) launched, Optically tracked, Wire guided TOXC Transparent Optical Cross-Connect (optische Telekommunikation) TP Transport Payload TP&S Transmission Protocol and Standard TPA Transient Program Area TPC Transmission Power Control (Telekommunikation) TPC Transmit Power Control (Telekommunikation) TPC5 Transpacific Cable Link (Glasfaserkabel USA - Japan) TPD Technisch Physische Dienst (TNO-TU Delft, NL) TPF Traffic Plane Function TPF Terrestrial Planet Finder (geplant) TPFDDI Twisted Pair Fiber Distributed Data Interface TPFM Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy TPG Trailing Pulse Generator (Circuit) (see also LPG; RPG, FPG) TPI Terahertz Pulse Imaging TPKE Turnpike (US Mail) TPS Turbine Powered Simulators (Modelltriebwerke) TPV Thermophotovoltaik TPW Transmit Power Width TPX Tokamak Physics Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) TQ Transmission Quality TQM Total Quality Management TR Tail Rotor TR technical report TRA(MON) Temporary Reserved Airspace (Monitoring Unit) TRADE Transatlantic Research and Development Environment TRANS Technologien aus der Raumfahrt für Anwendungen in Nicht-Raumfahrtsparten Transceiver Transmitter(DLR und MST and Aerospace Receiver GmbH, Köln) Transceiver Transmitter + Receiver Transponder Transmitter and Responder Transponder Transmitter + Responder TRAU Transcoder and Bitrateadaption Unit TRBF Technische Regeln für brennbare Flüssigkeiten TRC Transportation Research Center (Ohio State University) TRC Tsukuba Research Consortium (Japan) TRE Transceiver Equipment (Telekommunikation) TREC Théorie des Réseaux et Communications TREE Transient Radiation Effects on Electronics TRELIBS Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy TrFO Transcoder Free Operation TRGS Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe TRI Time Reversal Invariance Tri Trichlorethen TRIP Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property TRIUMF (Kanadisches Kernforschungszentrum) TRIZ Teoriya Resheniya Izobratelskikh Zadatch (russische Abkürzung für TIPS) TRK Track TRK Technische Richtkonzentration TRM Time Reversal Mirror TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission TRN Topology Representing Network (Selbstorganisation) TROSY Transverse Relaxation-Optimized Spectroscopy TRP Test Resource Partitioning TRR Test Readiness Review TRSN Transition TRU Transformer Rectifier Unit TRU Transuranic Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) TS Transmission Scheme TS Training Sequence TS Transmit Signals TS Tri Strar TS Time Slot (Datenübertragung) TS Transport Stream (Digital Broadcast) TSA Time Slot Allocation TSAPI Telephone Services Application Programmming Interface TSC-IP Transparent(Telekommunikation) System Connector IP (Telekommunikation) TSD Traditional Sphere Decoder TSE Turbo-Shaft Engine TSER Targeted Socio-Economic Research Programme (EC) T-SGW Transport Signaling Gateway (Telekommunikation) TSM Tandem Scanning Microscope TSO Time Since Overhaul TSO Technical Specifications Organizations TSOM Traffic and Service Optimization Module (Telekommunikation) TSP Thiele Small Parameter (Lautsprechertest) TSP Traveling Salesman Problem TSR Tag Switched Routing (Telekommunikation) TSR Terminate and Stay Resident TSR Test-Speicher-Ring (in Heidelberg) TSS Teleworker Success Suite (Telekommunikation) TST Tactile Sensor Transducer TST Trusted Signature Terminal TSV Transmitted Symbol Vector TSV Transmitted Signal Vector TSV Tenis Sport Verein TT Total Time TT Technology Transfer TT Traffic Trunk (Telekommunikation) TT Trust Territory (US Mail) TT&C Tracking, Telemetry and Command (Telekommunikation) TTC Telecommunications Technology Council (Japan) TTC Telemetry and Telecommand TTC The Telecommunications Technology Committee TTCN Tree and Tabular Combined Notation TTF Tactical Terrain Flight TTF Tetrathiafulvalen TTG Time to go TTH Tactical Transport Helicopter TTI Transmission Time Intervall TTL Time to Live TTLS Tunneld Transport Layer Security TTLS Tunneld Transport Layer Security TTP Thymidintriphosphat TTR Time to Repair TTS T-Tauri-Sterne TTS Text-to-Speech (Sprachsynthese) TU Terminal Unit TUB Technische Universität Berlin TUD Technische Universität Darmstadt TUG (National astronomical observatory of Turkey) TUG TeX User Group TUHH Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg TUI Touristik Union International GmbH & Co. KG TULIP The University Licensing Program TUM Technische Universität München TURR Total Unplanned Rejection Rats- TUTB European Confederation of Trade Unions (Technical Bord) [Europäischer TV TransmitGewerkschaftsbund Vector (Technisches Büro)] TV Television TV Transmitted Vector TVA Tennessee Valley Authority (USA) TVD Total Variation Diminishing (numerisches Rechenverfahren) TVF Time Variant Filter TVML TV Program Making Language TVOR Terminal VHF omnidirectional radio range TWA Time Weighted Average TWA Transmit Wavelength Adapter (optische Kommunikation) TWAS Third World Academy of Sciences TWC Three Way Catalytic (Auspuff) TWD Transparente Wärmedämmung TWG Technical Working Group TWR Two Way Radio TWR Aerodrome control tower, Aerodrome control TWR Two Way Radio TWS Track While Scan TWT Travelling Wave Tube TWT Traveling Wave Tube (Mikrowellenverstärker) TWY Taxiway Tx Transmit TX Texas (US-Staat) TXT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Textdatei) TZ Twilight Zone TZC Track Zero Cross U u/c Undercarriage UA User Agent (or: Access) (Telekommunikation) UAC Upper area control center UAC User Agent Client (Telekommunikation) UAG Universal Access Gateway (Telekommunikation) UAI Uplink Access Identifier UARC Upper Atmosphere Research Collaboratory UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (Telekommunikation) UAS Universal Access Server (Telekommunikation) UAS User Agent Server (Telekommunikation) UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (USA) UB/TIB Universitätsbibliothek und Technische Informations-Bibliothek (Hannover) UBA Umweltbundesamt (Berlin) UBC Uniform Building Code (USA) UBR Unspecific (or: Unspecified) Bit Rate (Datennetz) UC Unit Circle UC/PA Up-Conversion Power Amplifier UCAR University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (USA) UCL Universal Call Log (eg. a logging file) UCLA University of California at Los Angeles UCN Ultracold Neutrons UCP Unidirectional Communication Protocol (see BCP) UCP Universal Computer Protocol UCS Utility Control System UCS Uniform Communications System UCS Union of Concerned Scientists UCSB University of California at Santa Barbara UCSC University of California at Santa Cruz UCSD University of California at San Diego UCSF University of California at San Francisco UDA Upper Advisory Area UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (Telekommunikation) UDF Ultra high frequency direction findingstation UDI Unrestricted Digital Information (Telekommunikation) UDL Universität des Dritten Lebensalters UDLR Uni-Directional Link Routing (Telekommunikation) UDP User Data(gram) Protocol (Internet) UDS Upper-Data-Strobe (Atari) UE User Equipment UE User Equipment UE Unterhaltungselektronik UE User Equipment (Telekommunikation) UEM Universe of Electro Magnetic UFB Ulta Fine Business UFC Universities Funding Council (UK) UFS United Feature Syndicate UFZ Umweltforschungszentrum (Leipzig/Halle) UGC User Ground Component (Telekommunikation) UH Numer of flying hours per helicopter per month UH Utility Helicopter UHF Ultra High Frequency (0,3 - 3 GHz) UHF Ultra High Frequency UHM Universal Helicopter Model UHTS Ultra-High Throughput Screening UHV Ultra High Vacuum, Ultrahochvakuum UIC Union internationale des chemins de fer UIC University of Illinois, Chicago UIME User Information Management Entities (Telekommunikation) UIR Upper Flight Information Region UITB Union Internationale des Transports Publics UIUC University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UK United Kingdom (auch im Internet) UKAEA UK Atomic Energy Authority UKSEDS UK Students for the Exploration and Development of Space UL Upper Layer ULDB Ultra Long Duration Balloon ULEF Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (Kfz-Technik) ULF-FORTH (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Iraklion, GR) ULIRG Ultraluminous, Infrared-Emitting Galaxy ULSI Ultra Large Scale Integration ULTP Upper Layer Transfer Protocol UM Universal Messaging (Telekommunikation) Um I/F inter MS and GSM fixed Network part. The Um I/F is the GSM network I/F UMIS universellesfor providing mobilesGPRS services Informationssystem over the radio to the MS. The MT part of the MS UMIST Universityis used to accessof Manchester the GPRS Institute services of Science in GSM andthru Technology this I/F UMK Umweltministerkonferenz UML Unified Modeling Language (Computerprogramm-Struktur) UMLS Unified Medical Language System UMMSE Unbiased Minimum Mean Square Error UMS Unified Messaging Service (Telekommunikation) UMSICHT [Fraunhofer-Institut für] Umwelt-, Sicherheits- und Energietechnik UMTS Universal(Oberhausen) Mobil Telecommunication System UMTS Universal Mobile Telecom System UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication(s) Standard (or: System) UNAEC United Nations Atomic Energy Commission UNC-CH University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de UNDP UnitedJaneiro, Nations Juni 1992) Development Programme UNE Unbundled Network Element (Telekommunikation) UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNI Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione UNI User Network Interface UNI Union Network International (Gewerkschaftsorganisation, seit 1.1.2000) UNI User-Network Interface (Datennetz) UNIC United Nations Information Center (viele Standorte weltweit) UNILAC Universal Linear Accelerator (GSI) UNIX-CE UNIX-Based Control Element UNL Universal Network Language UNO United Nations Organization UNSCEAR United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation UNSCOM United Nations Special Commission UNSW University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australien) UPC Average unit production cost of a single helicopter UPC Ultrafast Photonics Collaboration (UK) UPC Universal Product Code (Strichcode) UP-CAP Ultra Power Capacitor UPD User Profile Directory (Telekommunikation) UPS Unified Profile Scheme (Telekommunikation) UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply (= USV) UPSR Unidirectional Path Switching (or: Switched) Ring (optische Kommunikation) UPT Universal Personal Telecommunications UPV Unpiloted Vehicle UR Universal Routing (Telekommunikation) URA UTRAN Registration Area URA Universal Terrestial Radio Access Network URA Unité de recherche associée au CNRS URA Universities Research Association (USA) URAN UMTS Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) URETI University Research, Engineering, and Technology Institute (befristete NASA- URI UniformGründungen Resource in USA) Identifier URI Uniform Resource Identifier URI Uniform Resource Identifier (Telekommunikation) URL Uniform Resource Locator URL Universal Resource Locator (or: Location) (Internet) URL Uniform Resource Locator URS User Requirements Specification URSI Union Radio-Scientifique Internationale URT User Registration Tool (Telekommunikation) US Undetected Symbol US(A) United States (of America) USAF US Air Force USANS Ultrasmall-Angle Neutron Scattering USARDSG-UK United States Army Research, Development and Standardization Group - USART UniversalUnited Kingdom Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter USB Universal Serial Bus (Datentransfer) USC University of Southern California USCM Universal Service Component Model USG Undoped Silicate Glass USGS US Geological Survey (Denver, CO) USIM Universal Subscriber Identity Module USIM UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (Telekommunikation) USM User Service Manager (Telekommunikation) USPAS US Particle Accelerator School USPTO US Patent and Trademark Office USSD Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (Telekommunikation) USST Usage Specification and Specification Testing UST Umweltsensortechnologie USV unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung UT Universal Time UT Utah (US-Staat) UTC Universal Time Coordinated UTC Universal Time Coordinated (or: Continuous) UTD uniform theory of diffraction UTD Uniform Geometric Theory of Diffraction UTECM Up-Triangular Eyuivalent Channel Matrix UTM Universal Transversal Mercator Projection UTOLED Ultra Thin Organic Light Emitting Device UTOPIA Universal Test and Operations PHY Interface for ATM UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair (Datenkabel) UTR Untranslated Region (in RNA) UTRA-FDD UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access - Frequency Division Duplex UTRAN Universal Mobil Telecommunication System, UMTS, Terrestrial Radio Access Network UTRAN Universal Terrestial Radio Access Network Registration Area UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) UTRA-TDD UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access - Time Division Duplex UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Program (Rechnernetz) UUI User-to-User Information UV Unit Variance UV Ultraviolet, Ultraviolett uv Ultra-Violet UVCS Ultraviolet Coronograph Spectrometer (an Bord von SOHO) UvD Unteroffizier vom Dienst UVV Unfall-Verhütungs-Vorschrift UWB Ultra Wide Band (Telekommunikation) UWB Ultra Wide Band UWCC Universal Wireless Communication Consortium (Telekommunikation) UWG Gesellschaft für Umwelt- und Wirtschaftsgeologie mbH (Berlin) V V&D Voice and Data (Telekommunikation) V. A. T. Vertical Axle Travel V.S.O.P Very special old pale (Cognac) V/L Vapor/Liquid Ratio V/STDL Vertical/Short Take Off and Landing VA Virginia (US-Staat) VAC Vacuum VAC Voltage of Alternatic Current VAD Visual Approach and Departure VAD Voice Activity Detection (Telekommunikation) VALUE Valorisation and Utilisation for Europe (EU) VAMAS Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards VAR Variance, Variable VAR Variation VAS Value Added Service (Telekommunikation) VASIS Visual Approach Slope Indicator System VASP Value-added Service Provider VBA [Microsoft] Visual Basic for Applications VBC Vienna BioCenter (Wien) VBD Voice Band Data (Telekommunikation) VBG Verwaltungs-Berufsgenossenschaft VBG Verzeichnis der Einzel-Unfallverhütungsvorschriften der gewerblichen VBI Vertical-Blank-Interrupt,Berufsgenossenschaften Vertical Blanking Interval V-BLAST Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space Time vBNS Very High Performance Backbone Network Service (USA, Gbit/s-Netz) VBR Variable Bit Rate (Datenübertragung) VC Venture Capital(ist) VC Vinylchlorid VC Virtual Circuit (Internet) VC Virtual Channel (Internet) VC Virtual Container (Kommunikation) VC Virtual circuit VCC Virtual Channel Connection (Internet) VCG Venture Capital-Gesellschaft VCGS Voice Group Call Service VCI Verband der Chemischen Industrie VCI Virtual Channel Identifier VCI Voltage Contrast Imaging VCIP Visual Communications and Image Processing Conference VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator VCOSS Vibration Control of Space Structures VCR Video Cassette Recorder VCS VAPOR Cycle System VCS V-Groove Connector System (Telefon, Steckverbinder) VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting [Semiconductor] Laser, Vertikalresonator- VD DriveLaserdiode Speed VDBiol Verband Deutscher Biologen VDC Voltage of Direct Current VDC Volts/Direct Current VDE Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V. VDE Verein Deutscher Elektrotechniker VDEh Verein Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute e.V. VDF Virus Definition Files VDF Very high frequency direction finding system VDI Verein Deutscher Ingenieure e.V. VDI Virtual Device Interface VDI Verein Deutscher Ingenieure VDI-EKV VDI-Gesellschaft Entwicklung Konstruktion Vertrieb VDIV Dive Velocity VDMA Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbauer VDR Vertreter des Deutschen Reiches vor 1918 VDR Voltage Dependent Resistor VDSÄ Vereinigung Deutscher Strahlenschutzärzte e.V. VDSL Very High bite rate Digital Subscriber Line VDSL Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line VDU Video Distribution Unit VDU Visual Display Unit (= Monitor) VDV Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen VDW Vereinigung Deutscher Wissenschaftler VE Virtual Environment VEB Volkseigener Betrieb (DDR) VEC Vectoring VECSEL Vertical External Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser VECTAC Vector Attack VEGF vaskulärer endotheliarer Wachstumsfaktor VELI Virtuell European Laser Institute VENT Ventilation VERITAS Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (Tucson, TX, USA, VERONICA Verygeplant Easy für Rodent-Oriented2005) Net-Wide Index to Computerized Archives VERTREP Vertical(Rechnernetz, Replenishment Gopher) VESA Video Electronic Standards Association VEV Voice-Excited Vocoder VF Vacuum Fluorescence VFA Verband Forschender Arzneimittelhersteller VFD Visual Flight Day VFD Vacuum Fluorescent Display VFH Modulation VfK Vereinigung für Kristallographie VFO Variable Frequency Oscillator VFR Visual Flight Rules VG Vertical Gyro VGA Video Graphics Adapter VGA Video Graphics Array VGCS Voice Group Call Service VGF Vertical Gradient Freeze (Kristallzucht) VGI Vector Graphic Image VH Maximum Level Speed VHB Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern, www.vhb.org VHDA Very-High-Density Amorphous (Ice) VHDL VLSI Hardware Description Language VHDL Virtual Hardware Description Language VHE Very High Energy VHE Virtual Home Environment (Telekommunikation) VHF Very High Frequency (30 - 300 MHz) VHF Very High Frequency - Frequency VHSIC Very High Speed Integrated Circuits VI Virgin Islands (US Mail) VIB Vibration VICKSI Van de Graaf-Isochron-Cyclotron-Kombination für Schwere Ionen VICS Vehicle Information and Communication System VIG Video Gateway (Telecommunication) VIK Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung (Dubna, Russland) VIP Vertical Intelligent Power VIP Very Important Person VIP Virtual Internet Protocol (Telekommunikation) VIPeR Value-Added IP Routing (Telekommunikation) VIPIC Vertical Intelligent Power Integrated Circuit VIRGO Variability Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations (an Bord von SOHO) VIRIM virtuelle Realität in der Medizin VIROR Virtuelle Hochschule Oberrhein (seit Mitte 1998) VIS Visible Imaging System VIS Visual Instruction Set VISA Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (Telekommunikation) ViSEK Virtuelles Kompetenzzentrum für Software Engineering VISS VHS-Index-Such-System VISTA Voice Interactive System Technology VISTA Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (UK) VITA VME bus International Trade Association VIVRE Interactive Virtual Reality Environment (EU) VK Verbundkatalog maschinenlesbarer Daten VKTA Verein für Kernverfahrenstechnik und Analytik Rossendorf e.V. VL Virtual Laboratory VLA Very Large Array (Radioteleskop) VLAN Virtual Local Area Network VLAN Virtual LAN (Internet) VLAS Virtual Local Area Network Server VLBA Very Long Baseline Array VLBI Very Long Baseline Interferometry VLF Very Low Frequency (3 - 30 kHz) VLHC Very Large Hadron Collider (geplanter Nachfolger für LHC) VLIW Very Long Instruction Word (Computertechnik) VLL Virtual Leasing Line (Telekommunikation) VLR Visitor Location Register (Telekommunikation) VLSI Very Large-Scale Integration (Circuit) VLSIC Very Large Speed Integrated Circuits VLT Very Large Telescope (Chile) VLY Valley (US Mail) VM Vector Modulator VM Virtual Machine VM Vincence Murr VMAN Virtual MAN (Telekommunikation) VMC Voltmeter VMO Visual Heterological Conditions max. Operating Speed VMS Vertical Motion Simulator VMS Virtual Modeling Synthesis VMSC Visited Mobile Switching Center VMU Video Management Unit VNE Velocity never Exceed VNO Normal Operating Velocity VOA Variable Optical Attenuator (Photonik) VoATM Voice over Asynchronous Transfer Mode VoATM Voice over ATM (Telekommunikation) VOB Verdingungsordnung für Bauleistungen VOBB Voice Over Broadband VOC Volatile Organic Carbon (or: Compound) VoCM Voice over Cable Modem VoD Video on Demand VOD Video on Demand VoD Video on Demand VoDSL Voice over Digital Subscriber Line VoFR Voice over Frame Relay (Telekommunikation) VoHN Voice over Home Network VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol (Telekommunikation) VOL Volume VOLMET Meteorological information for aircraft in flight VOP Velocity of Propagation VoP Voice over Packet (Telekommunikation) VOR Very High Frequency Omni-Directional Range VORS Vector of Received Symbols VORTAC Very high frequency omnidirectional radio range co-located VOR and TACAN VOX Voice-Operatedfacilities Switch VOXEL Volume Element Voxel (volume pixel, quaderförmige Volumenelemente) VP Vantage Point VP Virtual Processor VP Virtual Processor VP Virtual Path (Internet) VPC Virtual Path Connection (Internet) VPI Virtual Path Identifier VPI&SU Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, VA, USA) VPL Virtual Programming Language VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service (Telekommunikation) VPN Virtual Private Network VPN Virtual Private Network, Virtuelles Privates Netz (Internet) VPS Video-Programm-System VPS Virtual LAN Policy Server (Telekommunikation) VPT Videotext-Programmier-System VPU Voice Processing Unit (Telekommunikation) VPWS Virtual Private Wire Services (Telekommunikation) VQ Vector Quantization VR Virtual Reality VR Vulnerability Reduction VR Virtual Reality VR Visual Range VRAS Virtual Reality Audio System VRF Virtual Private Network Routing and Forwarding VRF Virtual Routing and Forwarding (Telekommunikation) VRID Virtual Router Identification (Telekommunikation) VRML Virtual Reality Markup (or: Modeling) Language VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (Telekommunikation) VRS Vector of Received Symbols VS Validating Signature VS Vector Synthesis vs Vertical Speed VSA Vector Signal Analyzer VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal (Fernerkundung, Datennetz) VSB Vestigial Sideband (Modulation) VSD Vertical Situation Display VSDL Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation) VSELP Vector Sourcebook Excited Linear Predictive Coding VSI Vertical(Sprachkompressionssystem) Situation Indication V-SK VIPeR System Kernel (Telekommunikation) VSL Varying-Speed-of-Light (Theory) (Kosmologie) VSM Vibrating Sample Magnetometer VSMS Virtual School of Molecular Sciences (Nottingham, UK) VSOP Versatile Scalable On Board Processing Unit (Einplatinenrechner) VSPD Variable Sensitivity Photodetector Cell VSTOL Vertical and Short Take-off and Landing VSVR Voltage Standing Waive Ratio VT Vermont (US-Staat) VT Virtual Tributary (Kommunikation) VTDL Vertical Take Off and Landing VTEC Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control (Kfz-Technik) VTOL Vertical Take-off and Landing VTR Video Tape Recorder (?) VTS Vessel Traffic Service (für Schiffsverkehr im Hafen) VTT Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus (Technical Research Centre of Finland, VUB VirtuelleEspoo, Finnland) Universität Berlin VUC Voltage of Universal Current VUV Vakuumultraviolett, Vacuum-Ultraviolet VV Vonvent VV Velocity Vector VWCS Voice Web Communications Server (Telekommunikation) VWL Volkswirtschaftslehre VWM Voice Web Manager (Telekommunikation) VXML Voice Extensible Markup Language (Telekommunikation) W W(I) Vertical Velocity (Indicator) w/o without W/OWS Wire/Obstacle Warning System W/S Windshield, Windscreen w/t well temperated W3C World-Wide Web Consortium WA Washington (US-Staat) WA/D Wavelength Add/Drop (Telekommunikation) WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System (Telekommunikation) WACN West Anglia Cancer Network (UK) WAD Wide Area Differential (Satellitennavigation) WADM Wavelength Add/Drop Multiplexer (optische Telekommunikation) WAF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Sounddatei) WAG WLAN Access Gate WAIS Wide-Area Information Server (or: Service) (Rechnernetz) WAK Wiederaufbereitungsanlage Karlsruhe WAN Wide Area Network WAN Wide Area Network WAN Wide Area Network (Rechnernetze) WAP Wirless Application Protocol WAP wireless application protocool WAP wireless application protocool WAP Wireless Application Protocol (scherzhaft auch: Wait and Pay) WAPGW Wireless(Telekommunikation) Application Gateway WARC World Administrative Radio Conference WARN Warning WBCO Waveguide Below Cutoff WBEM Web Based Element Management (Telekommunikation) WBGU Wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Bundesregierung Globale WBL WissenschaftsgemeinschaftUmweltveränderungen Blaue Liste WBS Work Breakdown Structure WBS Wireless Base Station (Telekommunikation) WBS Work Breakdown Structure WBT WEB-basierte Trainingssysteme WCA Wind Correction Angle WCD Wireless Communication Device WCDMA Wide Code Division Multiple Access W-CDMA Wideband CDMA (Telekommunikation) WCS Wireless Communication System WCS Wireless Communication Standard WCS Wireless Communication System WCT WIPO Copyright Treaty WCU World Congress on Ultrasonics WD Warning Display WDM Wave(length) Division Multiplex(ing) (optische Telekommunikation) WDMA Wavelength Division Multiple Access (optische Telekommunikation) WDNS Weapon Delivery and Navigation System WECA Wireless Ethernet Company Alliance (Telekommunikation) WECC WEB Enabled Call Center (Telekommunikation) WECC Western European Calibration Cooperation WECPNL Weighted Equivalent Continuous Perceived Noise Level WEEE Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEH Wilhelm und Else Heraeus (Stiftung) WELAC Western European Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation WELMEC Western European Legal Metrology Cooperation WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy (Telekommunikation) WESCON Western Electronic Show and Convention (USA) WESTP(R)AC Western Pacific Regional Acoustics Conference WFBA Weighted Fair Buffer Allocation (Telekommunikation) WFG Wave Form Generator WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing (Telekommunikation) Wfz Wasserfahrzeug WG Working Group WG Working Group WGL Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz WGW Wireless Gateway (Telekommunikation) WHG Wasserhaushaltsgesetz WHH Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg (Supraleitungstheorie) WHO World Health Organization WHOI Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution WI Wisconsin (US-Staat) WIDE Wide-Angle Imaging Lidar WIEM Wave of the IEM WiFS Wide Field Sensor (NASA-Satellit, seit 1997) WiMax Worldwide Interoperability Microwave Access (Telecom, Networks) WIMP Weakly Interacting Massive Particle WiN Wissenschaftsnetz (Datennetz) WIP Wissenschaftler-Integrationsprogramm (ehem. DDR) WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization WIPP Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (Radioaktiver Abfall, Carlsbad, NM, USA) WIS WAN Interface Sublayer (Telekommunikation) WISA Wirtschaftsorientierte Strategische Allianz (FhG) WISP Wireless Internet Service Provider WISTA Wissenschafts- und Technologiepark Berlin-Adlershof (oder: Wirtschafts- und WIXC WavelengthWissenschaftszentrum Interchanging Berlin-Adlershof) Cross-Connect (optische Telekommunikation) WIYN Wisconsin-Indiana-Yale-NOAO WKD Worked WKI Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut (Fraunhofer-Institut für Holzforschung, WKN WertpapierkennnummerBraunschweig) WL Water Line WL Wechselsprech- und Lautsprecherkommunikation WLA Wavelength Adapter (optische Telekommunikation) WLAN Wireless Local Area Network WLAN Wireless Local Area Network WLAN Wireless LAN WLC Wired-lined Communication WLC Worm-Like Chain (Polymerphysik) WLL Wireless Local Loop (Internet) WLS Web Lecturing and Training System WLT Wissenschaftlicher Arbeitskreis Lasertechnik WMA (Dateinamenerweiterung: Videodatei) WMA Windows Media Audio WMAP Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (Kosmologie) WMF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) WMF Windows-Metafile WML Wireless Markup Language (Telekommunikation) WMO World Meteorological Organization WMS Weapon Stores Management System WMV Window Media Video WNT Wireless Network Termination (Telekommunikation) WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment WOKS [Allunionsgesellschaft für kulturelle Verbindungen mit dem Ausland] (russisch) WORM Write Once - Read Many (Opto-Disk) WOW Weight on Wheels WP Working Paper WPD Work Package Definition WPG (Dateinamenerweiterung: WordPerfect-Graphikdatei) WPL Work Package Leader WPM Words per Minute WPN Weapon WPPT WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty WPT Waypoint WPU Weapon Processor Unit WR Wissenschaftsrat WRC World Radiocommunication(s) Conference WRED Weighted Random Early Detection (or: Discard) (Telekommunikation) WRI (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows Writer-Textdatei) WRR Weighted Round Robin (Telekommunikation) WS Wavestation WS Werkzeugstahl WS Wireless Substation (Telekommunikation) WSDL Web Services Description Language (Telekommunikation) WSES World Scientific and Engineering Society WSF Workstation Function WSGE Work Shop Ground Equipment WSi Wolfram Silizium, Thungsten Sillicide WSP Wireless Session Protocol WSPS Wire Strike Protection System WSRT Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (NL) WSS Wide Screen Signalling WSS Worldwide Support Systems (HP) WSSD Warning System Symbol Generator WSTE Work Shop Test Equipment WSTGE Work Shop Test and Ground Equipment WSU Washington State University WSXC Wavelength Selective Cross-Connect (optische Telekommunikation) WT Wireless Transceiver WT Wave Train WTA Wireless Telephony Application (Telekommunikation) WTAI Wireless Telephony Application Interface (Telekommunikation) WTDMA Wideband Time Division Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) WTO World Trade Organization WT-OXC Wavelength-Translating Optical Cross Connect (optische Kommunikation) WTR Wind-Temperatur-Radar WTW Walking Through Walls WTZ Wissenschaftlich-Technische Zusammenarbeit (BMBF) WUSTL Washington University in St. Louis WV West Virginia (US-Staat) WV Wiedervorlage WVU West Virginia University (USA) WVV Wind Velocity Vector WWF (alt:) World Wildlife Fund, (neu:) World-Wide Fund for Nature WWG World Wide Grid (Rechnernetz) WWMCCS World-Wide Military Control and Communication System WWW World Wide Web (Rechnernetz) www tma itloir when will we three meet again, in thunder, lightning or in rain WX Weather WX-R Weather Radar WY Wyoming (US-Staat) WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get WZB Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung GmbH WZH Wissenschaftliches Zentrum Heidelberg (der IBM) X XAFS X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure XANES X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure XAS X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy xBIOS Extended BIOS XBS Exchange Base(band) Station (Telekommunikation) XC Cross Correlation XCUS Excuse XCVR Experimental Transceiver xDSL any of the various types of Digital Subscriber Line/s (Telekommunikation) XDSL any DSL XFEED Cross Feed XFER Transfer XFER Transfer XIPS Xenon Ion Propulsion Subsystem (Satellitenantrieb) XLS (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Excel-Datei) XLT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Excel-Vorlage) XM Cross Modulation XM Cross Modulation (Distortion) XMAS Chrismas XMF Cros Modulation Function XMIT Transmit XMIT Transmit XML Extensible Markup Language XMM X-Ray Multi-Mirror Mission (Dez. 1999) XMP X-Ray Microprobe XMSN Transmission XMTR Transmitter XMTR Transmitter XOR Exclusive Or XP Transponder XPCS X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy X-PEEM X-Ray PEEM XPM Cross-Phase Modulation XPS X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy XQUL XML Query & Update Language (Telekommunikation) XRB X-Ray Background (Astrophysik) XRD X-Ray Diffraction [Sensors] XRF X-Ray Fluorescence X-SAR X-Band SAR XSE Executive for Services Environment (Telekommunikation) XSEM X-Ray Secondary-Emission Microscopy XSL eXtensible Stylesheet Language XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language XTAL Crystal xTU-C Central Terminal Unit of an xDSL xTU-R Remote Terminal Unit of an xDSL Y Y2K Year 2000 [problem] YAC Yeast Artificial Chromosome YAG Yttrium-Aluminum Garnet (Laser) YBCO Yttrium-Barium-Kupfer-Oxid YBa2Cu3O7 (HTSL) YES Year of Engineering Scuccess YL Young Lady YOTO International Year of the Ocean (1998) YSN Young Scientists Network (USA) Z Z Impedance ZAE Bayern Bayerisches Zentrum für Angewandte Energieforschung (Würzburg) ZALF Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung und -gestaltung (oder: Zentrum für ZaPF ZusammenkunftAgrarlandschafts- aller und Physik-Fachschaften Nutzungsforschung) (Müncheberg) ZARM Zentrum für Angewandte Raumfahrttechnologie und Mikrogravitation ZAV Zentralstelle(,,Fallturm'', Universität für Arbeitsvermittlung Bremen) (Frankfurt/M) ZAVIR Zurechenbarkeit von Aktionen in virtuellen Welten ZBL Zentralbibliothek der Landesbauwissenschaften (Bonn) ZCMN zero-configuration secure mobility networking ZCMN zero-configuration secure mobility networking ZD Zero Defects ZDA Zero-Day-Attacks ZDB Zeitschriftendatenbank ZDC Zero Degree Calorimeter (CERN) ZDF Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen ZDH Zentralverband des Deutschen Handwerks ZDL Zivildienstleistender ZEAM Zentraleinrichtung für Audiovisuelle Medien (FU Berlin) ZEBET [Centre for the Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Animal Experiments] (DE) ZEF Zentrum für Entwicklungsforschung (Bonn, seit 1997) ZEI Zentrum für Europäische Integrationsforschung (Bonn, seit 1997) ZEKE Zero Kinetic Energy (Spektroskopie) ZEM Zentrale Einrichtung Medien (Göttingen) ZENIT Zentrum für Innovation und Technik (Mühlheim, NRW) ZENS Zentrum für Europa- und Nordamerika-Studien (Göttingen) ZEvA Zentrale Akkreditierungs- und Evaluationsagentur Hannover ZF Zero Forcing ZF Zahnradfabrik (Friedrichshafen) ZFE Zero Forcing Equalization ZFK Zentralinstitut für Kernforschung (Rossendorf, bis 1991) ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander König (Bonn) ZFO Forschungs[- und Entwicklungs]personal-Zuwachsförderung Ost (BMFT) ZfP Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung ZFW Zentralinstitut für Festkörperphysik und Werkstoffforschung (Akademie der ZfW ZentrumWissenschaften, für Funktionswerkstoffe DDR) (Göttingen) ZGDV Zentrum für Graphische Datenverarbeitung (Darmstadt) ZGI Zentrales Geologisches Institut (DDR) ZHG Zentrales Hörsaalgebäude ZIE Zentralinstitut für Elektronenphysik (DDR) ZiM Zentrum für interdisziplinäre Medienwissenschaft (Göttingen) ZIP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Archivdatei, komprimiert) ZIP Zone Improvement Plan (Postleitzahlen, USA) ZIPE Zentralinstitut für die Physik der Erde (DDR) ZISW Zentralinstitut für Sprachwissenschaft (Berlin) ZK Zentralkomitee (der kommunistischen Partei, UdSSR) ZKA Zentraler Kreditausschuss ZKI Zentren für Kommunikation und Informationsverarbeitung in Lehre und ZKRD ZentralesForschung Knochenmarkspender-Register e.V. Deutschland ZL Zuloo Language ZM Zero Mean (Statistics) ZMB Zentralbibliothek der Medizin (Köln) ZMCSCGVOUV Zero Mean Circularly Symmetric Complex Gaussian Variables of Unit- ZMNH ZentrumVariance für Molekulare Neurobiologie (Hamburg) ZNS Zentralnervensystem ZOS Zentralinstitut für Optik und Spektroskopie (DDR) Zp Pressure altitude ZPID Zentralstelle für Psychologische Information und Dokumentation (Trier) ZSb Zentrale Studien- und Studentenberatung ZUMA Zentrum für Umfragen, Methoden und Analysen (Mannheim) ZVEI Zentralverband der Elektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie ZWG Zentralinstitut für Wissenschaftlichen Gerätebau (Adlershof, DDR) ZZZ

volution Radio Access Network

ccess Network

0 Source 3GPP TR 21.905 V8.5.0 (2008-06) 2G 2nd Generation 3G 3rd Generation 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project 8-PSK 8-state Phase Shift Keying A A3 Authentication algorithm A3 A38 A single algorithm performing the functions of A3 and A8 A5/1 Encryption algorithm A5/1 A5/2 Encryption algorithm A5/2 A5/X Encryption algorithm A5/0-7 A8 Ciphering key generating algorithm A8 AAL ATM Adaptation Layer AAL2 ATM Adaptation Layer type 2 AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer type 5 AB Access Burst AC Access Class (C0 to C15) AC Access Condition AC Application Context AC Authentication Centre ACC Automatic Congestion Control ACCH Associated Control Channel ACELP Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction ACIR Adjacent Channel Interference Ratio ACK Acknowledgement ACL APN Control List ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio ACM Accumulated Call Meter ACM Address Complete Message ACMmax ACM (Accumulated Call Meter) maximal value ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity ACU Antenna Combining Unit ADC Administration Centre ADC Analogue to Digital Converter ADCH Associated Dedicated CHannel ADF Application Dedicated File ADM Access condition to an EF which is under the control of the authority which creates this file ADN Abbreviated Dialling Numbers ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation AE Application Entity AEC Acoustic Echo Control AEF Additional Elementary Functions AESA ATM End System Address AFC Automatic Frequency Control AGCH Access Grant CHannel Ai Action indicator AI Acquisition Indicator AICH Acquisition Indicator Channel AID Application IDentifier AIUR Air Interface User Rate AK Anonymity Key AKA Authentication and Key Agreement AKI Asymmetric Key Index ALCAP Access Link Control Application Protocol ALSI Application Level Subscriber Identity ALW ALWays AM Acknowledged Mode AMF Authentication Management Field AMR Adaptive Multi Rate AMR-WB Adaptive Multi Rate Wide Band AN Access Network ANP Access Network Provider AoC Advice of Charge AoCC Advice of Charge Charging AoCI Advice of Charge Information AP Access preamble APDU Application Protocol Data Unit API Application Programming Interface APN Access Point Name ARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARQ Automatic Repeat ReQuest ARR Access Rule Reference AS Access Stratum ASC Access Service Class ASCI Advanced Speech Call Items ASE Application Service Element A-SGW Access Signalling Gateway ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One AT commandATtention Command ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATR Answer To Reset ATT (flag) Attach AU Access Unit AuC Authentication Centre AUT(H) Authentication AUTN Authentication token AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise B BA BCCH Allocation BAIC Barring of All Incoming Calls BAOC Barring of All Outgoing Calls BCC Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Colour Code BCCH Broadcast Control Channel BCD Binary Coded Decimal BCF Base station Control Function BCFE Broadcast Control Functional Entity BCH Broadcast Channel BCIE Bearer Capability Information Element BDN Barred Dialling Number BER Bit Error Ratio BER Basic Encoding Rules (of ASN.1) BFI Bad Frame Indication BG Border Gateway BGT Block Guard Time BI all Barring of Incoming call BIC Baseline Implementation Capabilities BIC-Roam Barring of Incoming Calls when Roaming outside the home PLMN country BID Binding Identity B-ISDN Broadband ISDN BLER Block Error Ratio Bm Full-rate traffic channel BMC Broadcast/Multicast Control BN Bit Number BO all Barring of Outgoing call BOC Bell Operating Company BOIC Barring of Outgoing International Calls BOIC-exHCBarring of Outgoing International Calls except those directed to the Home PLMN Country BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying BS Base Station BS Basic Service (group) BS Bearer Service BSC Base Station Controller BSG Basic Service Group BSIC Base transceiver Station Identity Code BSIC-NCELLBSIC of an adjacent cell BSS Base Station Subsystem BSSAP Base Station Subsystem Application Part BSSGP Base Station Subsystem GPRS Protocol BSSMAP Base Station Subsystem Management Application Part BSSOMAP Base Station Subsystem Operation and Maintenance Application Part BTFD Blind Transport Format Detection B-TID Bootstrapping-Transaction Identifier BTS Base Transceiver Station BVC BSS GPRS Protocol Virtual Connection BVCI BSS GPRS Protocol Virtual Connection Identifier BWT Block Waiting Time C C Conditional C- Control- C/R Command/Response field bit CA Capacity Allocation CA Cell Allocation CA Certification Authority CAA Capacity Allocation Acknowledgement CAD Card Acceptance Device CAI Charge Advice Information CAMEL Customised Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic CAP CAMEL Application Part C-APDU Command APDU CB Cell Broadcast CBC Cell Broadcast Centre CBC Cipher Block Chaining CBCH Cell Broadcast CHannel CBMI Cell Broadcast Message Identifier CBR Constant Bit Rate CBS Cell Broadcast Service CC Call Control CC Country Code CC Cryptographic Checksum CC/PP Composite Capability/Preference Profiles CCBS Completion of Calls to Busy Subscriber CCCH Common Control Channel CCF Call Control Function CCH Control Channel CCI Capability / Configuration Identifier CCITT Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique (The International Telegraph and CCK Corporate Control Key CCM Certificate Configuration Message CCM Current Call Meter CCP Capability/Configuration Parameter CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel Cct Circuit CCTrCH Coded Composite Transport Channel CD Capacity Deallocation CD Collision Detection CDA Capacity Deallocation Acknowledgement CDCH Control-plane Dedicated CHannel CDMA Code Division Multiple Access CDR Charging Data Record CDUR Chargeable DURation CED called station identifier CEIR Central Equipment Identity Register CEND end of charge point CEPT Conférence des administrations Européennes des Postes et Telecommunications CF Conversion Facility CF all Call Forwarding services CFB Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber Busy CFN Connection Frame Number CFNRc Call Forwarding on mobile subscriber Not Reachable CFNRy Call Forwarding on No Reply CFU Call Forwarding Unconditional CGI Common Gateway Interface CGI Cell Global Identifier CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHP CHarging Point CHV Card Holder Verification information CI Cell Identity CI CUG index CIM Common Information Model CIR Carrier to Interference Ratio CK Cipher Key CKSN Ciphering Key Sequence Number CLA CLAss CLI Calling Line Identity CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation CLIR Calling Line Identification Restriction CLK Clock CLNP Connectionless network protocol CLNS Connectionless network service CM Connection Management CMD Command CMIP Common Management Information Protocol CMISE Common Management Information Service CMM Channel Mode Modify CN Core Network CN Comfort Noise CNAP Calling Name Presentation CNG Calling Tone CNL Co-operative Network List CNTR Counter COLI COnnected Line Identity COLP COnnected Line identification Presentation COLR COnnected Line identification Restriction COM COMplete CONNACK Connect Acknowledgement CONS Connection-oriented network service CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture CP-Admin Certificate Present (in the MExE SIM)-Administrator CPBCCH COMPACT Packet BCCH CPCH Common Packet Channel CPCS Common Part Convergence Sublayer CPICH Common Pilot Channel CPS Common Part Sublayer CP-TP Certificate Present (in the MExE SIM)-Third Party CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CRE Call Ree-establishment procedure CRNC Controlling Radio Network Controller C-RNTI Cell Radio Network Temporary Identity CS Circuit Switched CS Coding Scheme CSCF Call Server Control Function CSD Circuit Switched Data CSE Camel Service Environment CS-GW Circuit Switched Gateway CSPDN Circuit Switched Public Data Network CT Call Transfer supplementary service CT Channel Tester CT Channel Type CTCH Common Traffic Channel CTDMA Code Time Division Multiple Access CTFC Calculated Transport Format Combination CTM Cellular Text telephone Modem C-TPDU Command TPDU CTR Common Technical Regulation CTS Cordless Telephony System CUG Closed User Group CW Call Waiting CW Continuous Wave (unmodulated signal) CWI Character Waiting Integer CWT Character Waiting Time D DAC Digital to Analog Converter DAD Destination ADress DAM DECT Authentication Module DB Dummy Burst DC Dedicated Control (SAP) DCA Dynamic Channel Allocation DCCH Dedicated Control Channel DCE Data Circuit terminating Equipment DCF Data Communication Function DCH Dedicated Channel DCK Depersonalisation Control Key DCN Data Communication Network DCS Data Coding Scheme DCS1800 Digital Cellular Network at 1800MHz DDI Direct Dial In DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications DES Data Encryption Standard DET Detach DF Dedicated File DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHO Diversity Handover diff-serv Differentiated services DISC Disconnect DL Data Layer DL Downlink (Forward Link) DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier DLD Data Link Discriminator Dm Control channel (ISDN terminology applied to mobile service) DMR Digital Mobile Radio DMTF Distributed Management Task Force DN Destination Network DNIC Data Network Identifier DNS Directory Name Service DO Data Object DP Dial/Dialled Pulse DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel DPCH Dedicated Physical Channel DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel DRAC Dynamic Resource Allocation Control DRNC Drift Radio Network Controller DRNS Drift RNS DRX Discontinuous Reception DSAC Domain Specific Access Control DS-CDMA Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access DSCH Downlink Shared Channel DSE Data Switching Exchange DSI Digital Speech Interpolation DSS1 Digital Subscriber Signalling No1 DTAP Direct Transfer Application Part DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel DTE Data Terminal Equipment DTMF Dual Tone Multiple Frequency DTX Discontinuous Transmission E EA External Alarms EBSG Elementary Basic Service Group Ec/No Ratio of energy per modulating bit to the noise spectral density ECB Electronic Code-book ECC Emergency Call Code ECC Elliptic Curve Cryptography ECM Error Correction Mode (facsimile) ECSD Enhanced CSD ECT Explicit Call Transfer supplementary service ECTRA European Committee of Telecommunications Regulatory Affairs EDC Error Detection Code byte EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution EEL Electric Echo Loss EF Elementary File (on the UICC) EF Elementary File EFR Enhanced Full Rate EFS Error free seconds E-GGSN Enhanced GGSN EGPRS Enhanced GPRS E-HLR Enhanced HLR EHPLMN Equivalent Home PLMN EIR Equipment Identity Centre EIR Equipment Identity Register EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power EL Echo Loss EM Element Manager EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility eMLPP enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption EMMI Electrical Man Machine Interface EPC Enhanced Power Control EPC Evolved Packet Core EPCCH Enhanced Power Control Channel EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPS Evolved Packet System ERP Ear Reference Point ERP Equivalent Radiated Power ERR Error ETNS European Telecommunications Numbering Space ETR ETSI Technical Report ETS European Telecommunication Standard ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute etu elementary time unit EUI End-User Identity E-UTRA Evolved UTRA E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN F FA Full Allocation FA Fax Adaptor FAC Final Assembly Code FACCH Fast Associated Control CHannel FACCH/F Fast Associated Control Channel/Full rate FACCH/H Fast Associated Control Channel/Half rate FACH Forward Access Channel FAUSCH Fast Uplink Signalling Channel FAX Facsimile FB Frequency correction Burst FBI Feedback Information FCCH Frequency Correction CHannel FCI File Control Information FCP File Control Parameter FCS Frame Check Sequence FDD Frequency Division Duplex FDM Frequency Division Multiplex FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access FDN Fixed Dialling Number FDR False transmit format Detection Ratio FEC Forward Error Correction FER Frame Erasure Rate, Frame Error Rate FFS For Further Study FH Frequency Hopping FLO Flexible Layer One FM Fault Management FMC Fixed Mobile Convergence FN Frame Number FNUR Fixed Network User Rate FP Frame Protocol FPLMN Forbidden PLMN FR Full Rate FTAM File Transfer Access and Management ftn forwarded-to number G GC General Control (SAP) GCR Group Call Register GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node GID1 Group Identifier (level 1) GID2 Group Identifier (level 2) GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Centre GMM GPRS Mobility Management GMSC Gateway MSC GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying GP Guard Period GPA GSM PLMN Area GPRS General Packet Radio Service GRA GERAN Registration Area G-RNTI GERAN Radio Network Temporary Identity GSA GSM System Area GSIM GSM Service Identity Module GSM Global System for Mobile communications GSN GPRS Support Nodes GT Global Title GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol GTP-U GPRS Tunnelling Protocol for User Plane GTT Global Text Telephony GUP 3GPP Generic User Profile H HANDO Handover HCS Hierarchical Cell Structure H-CSCF Home CSCF HDLC High Level Data Link Control HE Home Environment HE-VASP Home Environment Value Added Service Provider HF Human Factors HFN HyperFrame Number HHO Hard Handover HLC High Layer Compatibility HLR Home Location Register HN Home Network HO Handover HOLD Call hold HPLMN Home Public Land Mobile Network HPS Handover Path Switching HPU Hand Portable Unit HR Half Rate HRR Handover Resource Reservation HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched Data HSN Hopping Sequence Number HSS Home Subscriber Server HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol HTTPS Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (https is http/1.1 over SSL, i.e. port 443) HU Home Units I I Information frames (RLP) I/O Input/Output IA Incoming Access (closed user group SS) IAM Initial Address Message I-Block Information Block IC Integrated Circuit IC Interlock Code (CUG SS) IC(pref) Interlock Code of the preferential CUG ICB Incoming Calls Barred (within the CUG) ICC Integrated Circuit Card ICCID Integrated Circuit Card IDentification ICGW Incoming Call Gateway ICI Incoming Call Information ICM In-Call Modification ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ICT Incoming Call Timer ID Identifier IDL Interface Definition Language IDN Integrated Digital Network IDNNS Intra Domain NAS Node Selector IE Information Element IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IED Information Element Data IEI Information Element Identifier IEIDL Information Element Identifier Data Length IETF Internet Engineering Task Force I-ETS Interim European Telecommunications Standard IF Infrastructure IFD Interface Device IFS Information Field Sizes IFSC Information Field Size for the UICC IFSD Information Field Size for the Terminal IHOSS Internet Hosted Octet Stream Service IIOP Internet Inter-ORB Protocol IK Integrity key IM Intermodulation IM IP Multimedia IMA Inverse Multiplexing on ATM IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity IMGI International mobile group identity IMPI IP Multimedia Private Identity IMPU IP Multimedia PUblic identity IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 IMUN International Mobile User Number IN Intelligent Network IN Interrogating Node INAP Intelligent Network Application Part INF INFormation field IP Internet Protocol IP-CAN IP-Connectivity Access Network IP-M IP Multicast IPv4 Internet Protocol Version 4 IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6 IR Infrared IRP Integration Reference Point ISC International Switching Centre ISCP Interference Signal Code Power ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISIM IM Services Identity Module ISO International Organisation for Standardisation ISP Internet Service Provider ISUP ISDN User Part ITC Information Transfer Capability ITU International Telecommunication Union IUI International USIM Identifier IUT Implementation Under Test IWF InterWorking Function I-WLAN Interworking WLAN IWMSC InterWorking MSC IWU Inter Working Unit J JAR file Java Archive File JCRE Java Card™ Run Time Environment JD Joint Detection JNDI Java Naming Directory Interface JP Joint Predistortion JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group JTAPI Java Telephony Application Programming Interface JVM Java™ Virtual Machine K k Windows size K Constraint length of the convolutional code K USIM Individual key kbps kilo-bits per second Kc Ciphering key Ki Individual subscriber authentication key KSI Key Set Identifier ksps kilo-symbols per second L1 Layer 1 (physical layer) L2 Layer 2 (data link layer) L2ML Layer 2 Management Link L2R Layer 2 Relay L2R BOP L2R Bit Orientated Protocol L2R COP L2R Character Orientated Protocol L3 Layer 3 (network layer) LA Location Area LAC Link Access Control LAC Location Area Code LAI Location Area Identity LAN Local Area Network LAPB Link Access Protocol Balanced LAPDm Link Access Protocol on the Dm channel LATA Local Access and Transport Area LAU Location Area Update LCD Low Constrained Delay LCN Local Communication Network LCP Link Control Protocol LCS Location Services LCSC LCS Client LCSS LCS Server LE Local Exchange LEN LENgth LI Language Indication LI Length Indicator LI Line Identity LLC Logical Link Control LLC Low Layer Compatibility Lm Traffic channel with capacity lower than a Bm LMSI Local Mobile Station Identity LMU Location Measurement Unit LN Logical Name LND Last Number Dialled LNS L2TP Network Server LPLMN Local PLMN LR Location Register LR Location Registration LSA Localised Service Area LSB Least Significant Bit LSTR Listener SideTone Rating LTE Local Terminal Emulator LTZ Local Time Zone LU Local Units LU Location Update LV Length and Value M M Mandatory M Mandatory MA Mobile Allocation MA Multiple Access MAC Medium Access Control (protocol layering context) MAC Message authentication code (encryption context) MAC-A MAC used for authentication and key agreement (TSG T WG3 context) MAC-I MAC used for data integrity of signalling messages (TSG T WG3 context) MACN Mobile Allocation Channel Number MAF Mobile Additional Function MAH Mobile Access Hunting supplementary service MAHO Mobile Assisted Handover MAI Mobile Allocation Index MAIO Mobile Allocation Index Offset MAP Mobile Application Part MCC Mobile Country Code MCI Malicious Call Identification supplementary service MCML Multi-Class Multi-Link PPP Mcps Mega-chips per second MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme MCU Media Control Unit MD Mediation Device MDL (mobile) Management (entity) - Data Link (layer) MDS Multimedia Distribution Service ME Maintenance Entity ME Mobile Equipment MEF Maintenance Entity Function MEHO Mobile evaluated handover MER Message Error Ratio MExE Mobile Execution Environment MF Master File MF MultiFrame MGCF Media Gateway Control Function MGCP Media Gateway Control Part MGT Mobile Global Title MGW Media GateWay MHEG Multimedia and Hypermedia Information Coding Expert Group MHS Message Handling System MIB Management Information Base MIC Mobile Interface Controller MIM Management Information Model MIP Mobile IP MIPS Million Instructions Per Second MLC Mobile Location Centre MM Man Machine MM Mobility Management MM Multimedia MME Mobile Management Entity MMI Man Machine Interface MNC Mobile Network Code MNP Mobile Number Portability MO Mobile Originated MOHO Mobile Originated Handover MO-LR Mobile Originating Location Request MOS Mean Opinion Score MO-SMS Mobile Originated Short Message Service MoU Memorandum of Understanding MP Multi-link PPP MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group MPH (mobile) Management (entity) - PHysical (layer) [primitive] MPTY MultiParTY MRF Media Resource Function MRP Mouth Reference Point MS Mobile Station MSB Most Significant Bit MSC Mobile Switching Centre MSCM Mobile Station Class Mark MSCU Mobile Station Control Unit MSE MExE Service Environment MSID Mobile Station Identifier MSIN Mobile Station Identification Number MSISDN Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number MSP Multiple Subscriber Profile MSRN Mobile Station Roaming Number MT Mobile Terminated MT Mobile Termination MT-LR Mobile Terminating Location Request MTM Mobile-To-Mobile (call) MTP Message Transfer Part MTP3-B Message Transfer Part level 3 MT-SMS Mobile Terminated Short Message Service MTU Maximum Transfer Unit MU Mark Up MUI Mobile User Identifier MUMS Multi User Mobile Station MVNO Mobile Virtual Network Operator N NACC Network Assisted Cell Change NAD Node Address byte NAI Network Access Identifier NAS Non-Access Stratum NB Normal Burst NBAP Node B Application Part NBAP Node B Application Part NBIN A parameter in the hopping sequence NCC Network (PLMN) Colour Code NCELL Neighbouring (of current serving) Cell NCH Notification CHannel NCK Network Control Key NCP Network Control Protocol NDC National Destination Code NDUB Network Determined User Busy NE Network Element NEF Network Element Function NEHO Network evaluated handover NET NETwork NET Norme Europeenne de Télécommunications NEV NEVer NF Network Function NIC Network Independent Clocking NI-LR Network Induced Location Request NITZ Network Identity and Time Zone NM Network Manager NMC Network Management Centre NMO Network Mode of Operation NMR Network Measurement Results NMS Network Management Subsystem NMSI National Mobile Station Identifier NNI Network-Node Interface NO Network Operator NP Network Performance NPA Numbering Plan Area NPI Numbering Plan Identifier NRI Network Resource Identifier NRM Network Resource Model NRT Non-Real Time NSAP Network Service Access Point NSAPI Network Service Access Point Identifier NSCK Network Subset Control Key NSDU Network service data unit NSS Network Sub System Nt Notification (SAP) NT Network Termination NT Non Transparent NTAAB New Type Approval Advisory Board NTDD Narrow-band Time Division Duplexing NUA Network User Access NUI National User / USIM Identifier NUI Network User Identification NUP National User Part (SS7) NW Network O O Optional O&M Operations & Maintenance OA Outgoing Access (CUG SS) OACSU Off-Air-Call-Set-Up OCB Outgoing Calls Barred within the CUG OCCCH ODMA Common Control Channel OCF Open Card Framework OCI Outgoing Call Information OCNS Orthogonal Channel Noise Simulator OCT Outgoing Call Timer OD Optional for operators to implement for their aim ODB Operator Determined Barring ODCCH ODMA Dedicated Control Channel ODCH ODMA Dedicated Channel ODMA Opportunity Driven Multiple Access ODTCH ODMA Dedicated Traffic Channel OFM Operational Feature Monitor OID Object Identifier OLR Overall Loudness Rating OMC Operation and Maintenance Centre OML Operations and Maintenance Link OPLMN Operator Controlled PLMN (Selector List) OR Optimal Routeing ORACH ODMA Random Access CHannel ORLCF Optimal Routeing for Late Call Forwarding OS Operations System OSA Open Service Access OSI Open System Interconnection OSI RM OSI Reference Model OSP Octet Stream Protocol OSP:IHOSSOctet Stream Protocol for Internet Hosted Octet Stream Service OTA Over-The-Air OTP One Time Password OVSF Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor P PABX Private Automatic Branch eXchange PACCH Packet Associated Control Channel PAD Packet Assember/Disassembler PAGCH Packet Access Grant Channel PAP Password Authentication Protocol PAR Peak to Average Ratio PBCCH Packet Broadcast Control Channel PBID PhoneBook IDentifier PBP Paging Block Periodicity PBX Private Branch eXchange PC Power Control PC Personal Computer PCB Protocol Control Byte PCCC Parallel Concatenated Convolutional Code PCCCH Packet Common Control Channel PCCH Paging Control Channel P-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel PCDE Peak Code Domain Error PCG Project Co-ordination Group PCH Paging Channel PCK Personalisation Control Key PCM Pulse Code Modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCPCH Physical Common Packet Channel P-CPIH Primary Common Pilot Channel PCS Personal Communication System PCU Packet Control Unit PD Protocol Discriminator PD Public Data PDCH Packet Data Channel PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy PDN Public Data Network PDN Packet Data Network PDP Packet Data Protocol PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel PDTCH Packet Data Traffic Channel PDU Protocol Data Unit PG Processing Gain PH Packet Handler PH PHysical (layer) PHF Packet Handler Function PHI Packet Handler Interface PHS Personal Handyphone System PHY Physical layer PhyCH Physical Channel PI Page Indicator PI Presentation Indicator PICH Page Indicator Channel PICS Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement PID Packet Identification PIN Personal Identification Number PIXT Protocol Implementation eXtra information for Testing PKCS Public-Key Cryptography Standards PL Preferred Languages PLMN Public Land Mobile Network PMD Physical Media Dependent PN Pseudo Noise PNE Présentation des Normes Européennes PNP Private Numbering Plan POI Point Of Interconnection (with PSTN) PoR Proof of Receipt POTS Plain Old Telephony Service power of the highest power class of MS (A) PP Point-to-Point PPCH Packet Paging Channel PPE Primative Procedure Entity PPF Paging Proceed Flag PPM Parts Per Million PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PPS Protocol and Parameter Select (response to the ATR) PRACH Physical Random Access Channel PRACH Packet Random Access Channel Pref CUG Preferential CUG PS Packet Switched PS Location Probability PSC Primary Synchronisation Code PSCH Physical Shared Channel PSE Personal Service Environment PSPDN Packet Switched Public Data Network PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PTCCH Packet Timing advance Control Channel PTM Point-to-Multipoint PTM-G PTM Group Call PTM-M PTM Multicast P-TMSI Packet TMSI PTP Point to point PU Payload Unit PUCT Price per Unit Currency Table PUK PIN Unblocking Key PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit PW Pass Word Q QA Q (Interface) - Adapter QAF Q - Adapter Function QoS Quality of Service QPSK Quadrature (Quaternary) Phase Shift Keying R R Value of Reduction of the MS transmitted RF power relative to the maximum allowed output R99 Release 1999 RA Routing Area RA Random mode request information field RAB Radio Access Bearer RAB Random Access Burst RAC Routing Area Code RACH Random Access Channel RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RAI Routing Area Identity RAN Radio Access Network RANAP Radio Access Network Application Part RAND RANDom number (used for authentication) R-APDU Response APDU RAT Radio Access Technology RAU Routing Area Update RB Radio Bearer RBER Residual Bit Error Ratio R-Block Receive-ready Block RDF Resource Description Format RDI Restricted Digital Information REC RECommendation REJ REJect(ion) REL RELease Rel-4 Release 4 Rel-5 Release 5 REQ REQuest RES user RESponse RES 64-bit signed RESponse that is the output of the function f2 in a 3G AKA RF Radio Frequency RFC Request For Comments RFC Radio Frequency Channel RFCH Radio Frequency CHannel RFE Routing Functional Identity RFN Reduced TDMA Frame Number RFU Reserved for Future Use RIM RAN Information Management RL Radio Link RLC Radio Link Control RLCP Radio Link Control Protocol RLP Radio Link Protocol RLR Receiver Loudness Rating RLS Radio Link Set RMS Root Mean Square (value) RNC Radio Network Controller RNS Radio Network Subsystem RNSAP Radio Network Subsystem Application Part RNTABLE Table of 128 integers in the hopping sequence RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identity RPLMN Registered Public Land Mobile Network RPOA Recognised Private Operating Agency RR Radio Resources RRC Radio Resource Control RRM Radio Resource Management RSA Algorithm invented by Rivest, Adleman and Shamir RSCP Received Signal Code Power RSE Radio System Entity R-SGW Roaming Signalling Gateway RSL Radio Signalling Link RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator RST Reset RSVP Resource ReserVation Protocol RSZI Regional Subscription Zone Identity RT Real Time RTE Remote Terminal Emulator RTP Real Time Protocol R-TPDU Response TPDU RU Resource Unit RWB Resolution Bandwidth RX Receive RXLEV Received signal level RXQUAL Received Signal Quality S SAAL Signalling ATM Adaptation Layer SABM Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode SACCH Slow Associated Control Channel SACCH/C4 Slow Associated Control CHannel/SDCCH/4 SACCH/C8 Slow Associated Control CHannel/SDCCH/8 SACCH/T Slow Associated Control CHannel/Traffic channel SACCH/TF Slow Associated Control CHannel/Traffic channel Full rate SACCH/TH Slow Associated Control CHannel/Traffic channel Half rate SAD Source ADdress SAP Service Access Point SAPI Service Access Point Identifier SAR Segmentation and Reassembly SAT SIM Application Toolkit SB Synchronization Burst S-Block Supervisory Block SBLP Service Based Local Policy SBSC Serving Base Station Controller SBSS Serving Base Station Subsystem SC Service Centre (used for SMS) SC Service Code SCCH Synchronisation Control Channel SCCP Signalling Connection Control Part S-CCPCH Secondary Common Control Physical Channel SCF Service Control Function (IN context), Service Capability Feature (VHE/OSA context) SCH Synchronisation Channel SCI Subscriber Controlled Input SCN Sub-Channel Number SCP Service Control Point S-CPICH Secondary Common Pilot Channel S-CSCF Serving CSCF SCTP S Common Transport Protocol SCUDIF Service Change and UDI/RDI Fallback SDCCH Stand-Alone Dedicated Control Channel SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDL Specification Description Language SDN Service Dialling Number SDP Service Discovery Protocol (Bluetooth related) SDP Session Description Protocol SDT SDL Development Tool SDU Service Data Unit SE Security Environment SE Sending Entity SE Support Entity SEF Support Entity Function SF Spreading Factor SFH Slow Frequency Hopping SFI Short EF Identifier SFN System Frame Number SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node SHCCH Shared Channel Control Channel SHCV super high-capacitance varistor SI Screening Indicator SI Service Interworking SI Supplementary Information (SIA=Supplemenatary Information A) SIC Service Implementation Capabilities SID SIlence Descriptor SIM GSM Subscriber Identity Module SIP Session Initiated Protocol SIR Signal-to-Interference Ratio SLA Service Level Agreement SLPP Subscriber LCS Privacy Profile SLR Send Loudness Rating SLTM Signalling Link Test Message SM Session Management SM Short Message SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service SME Short Message Entity SMG Special Mobile Group SMI Structure of Management Information (RFC 1155) SMLC Serving Mobile Location Centre SMS Short Message Service SMS-CB SMS Cell Broadcast SMS-PP Short Message Service/Point-to-Point SMS-SC Short Message Service - Service Centre Smt Short message terminal SN Serial Number SN Serving Network SN Subscriber Number SNDCP Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNR Serial NumbeR SOA Suppress Outgoing Access (CUG SS) SoLSA Support of Localised Service Area SoR Steering of Roaming SP Switching Point SP Service Provider SPC Signalling Point Code SPC Suppress Preferential CUG SPCK Service Provider Control Key SPI Security Parameters Indication SQN Sequence number SRB Signalling Radio Bearer SRES Signed RESponse (authentication value returned by the SIM or by the USIM in 2G AKA) SRNC Serving Radio Network Controller SRNS Serving RNS S-RNTI SRNC Radio Network Temporary Identity SS Supplementary Service SS System Simulator SS7 Signalling System No. 7 SSC Secondary Synchronisation Code SSC Supplementary Service Control string SSCF Service Specific Co-ordination Function SSCF-NNI Service Specific Coordination Function – Network Node Interface SSCOP Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol SSCS Service Specific Convergence Sublayer SSDT Site Selection Diversity Transmission SSE Service Specific Entities SSF Service Switching Function SSN Sub-System Number SSSAR Service Specific Segmentation and Re-assembly sublayer STC Signalling Transport Converter STMR SideTone Masking Rating STP Signalling Transfer Point STTD Space Time Transmit Diversity SuM Subscription Management SVC Switched virtual circuit SVN Software Version Number SW Status Word SW Software SW1/SW2 Status Word 1/Status Word 2 T T Timer T Transparent T Type only TA Terminal Adaptation TA Timing Advance TAC Type Approval Code TAF Terminal Adaptation Function TAR Toolkit Application Reference TB Transport Block TBF Temporary Block Flow TBR Technical Basis for Regulation TC Transaction Capabilities TC TransCoder TC Transmission Convergence TCH Traffic Channel TCH/F A full rate TCH TCH/F2,4 A full rate data TCH (≤2,4kbit/s) TCH/F4,8 A full rate date TCH (4,8kbit/s) TCH/F9,6 A full rate data TCH (9,6kbit/s) TCH/FS A full rate Speech TCH TCH/H A half rate TCH TCH/H2,4 A half rate data TCH (≤2,4kbit/s) TCH/H4,8 A half rate data TCH (4,8kbit/s) TCH/HS A half rate Speech TCH TCI Transceiver Control Interface TCP Transmission Control Protocol TC-TR Technical Committee Technical Report TD-CDMA Time Division-Code Division Multiple Access TDD Time Division Duplex TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDoc Temporary Document TE Terminal Equipment TE9 Terminal Equipment 9 (ETSI sub-technical committee) Tei Terminal endpoint identifier TEID Tunnel End Point Identifier Telephone Consultative Committee) TF Transport Format TFA TransFer Allowed TFC Transport Format Combination TFCI Transport Format Combination Indicator TFCS Transport Format Combination Set TFI Transport Format Indicator TFI Temporary Flow Identity TFIN Transport Format INdicator TFP TransFer Prohibited TFS Transport Format Set TFT Traffic Flow Template TI Transaction Identifier TLLI Temporary Logical Link Identity TLS Transport Layer Security TLV Tag Length Value TM Telecom Management TMF Telecom Management Forum TMN Telecom Management Network TMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity TN Termination Node TN Timeslot Number TO Telecom Operations Map TOA Time of Arrival TON Type Of Number TP Third Party TPC Transmit Power Control TPDU Transfer Protocol Data Unit TR Technical Report TRAU Transcoder and Rate Adapter Unit TrCH Transport Channel TRX Transceiver TS Technical Specification TS Teleservice TS Time Slot TSC Training Sequence Code TSDI Transceiver Speech & Data Interface TSG Technical Specification Group T-SGW Transport Signalling Gateway TSTD Time Switched Transmit Diversity TTCN Tree and Tabular Combined Notation TTI Transmission Timing Interval TUP Telephone User Part (SS7) TV Type and Value TX Transmit TXPWR Transmit PoWeR; Tx power level in the MS_TXPWR_REQUEST and MS_TXPWR_CONF parameters U UARFCN UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number UARFN UTRA Absolute Radio Frequency Number UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter UCS2 Universal Character Set 2 UDCH User-plane Dedicated CHannel UDD Unconstrained Delay Data UDI Unrestricted Digital Information UDP User Datagram Protocol UDUB User Determined User Busy UE User Equipment UER User Equipment with ODMA relay operation enabled UI User Interface UI Unnumbered Information (Frame) UIA 3G Integrity Algorithm UIC Union Internationale des Chemins de Fer UL Uplink (Reverse Link) UM Unacknowledged Mode UML Unified Modelling Language UMS User Mobility Server UMSC UMTS Mobile Services Switching Centre UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System UNI User-Network Interface UP User Plane UPCMI Uniform PCM Interface (13-bit) UPD Up to date UPT Universal Personal Telecommunication URA User Registration Area URA UTRAN Registration Area URAN UMTS Radio Access Network URB User Radio Bearer URI Uniform Resource Identifier URL Uniform Resource Locator U-RNTI UTRAN Radio Network Temporary Identity USAT USIM Application Toolkit USB Universal Serial Bus USC UE Service Capabilities USCH Uplink Shared Channel USF Uplink State Flag USIM Universal Subscriber Identity Module USSD Unstructured Supplementary Service Data UT Universal Time UTRA Universal Terrestrial Radio Access UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network UUI User-to-User Information UUS Uu Stratum UUS User-to-User Signalling V V Value only V(SD) Send state variable VA Voice Activity factor VAD Voice Activity Detection VAP Videotex Access Point VASP Value Added Service Provider VBR Variable Bit Rate VBS Voice Broadcast Service VC Virtual Circuit VGCS Voice Group Call Service VHE Virtual Home Environment VLR Visitor Location Register VMSC Visited MSC VoIP Voice Over IP VPLMN Visited Public Land Mobile Network VPN Virtual Private Network VSC Videotex Service Centre VTX host The components dedicated to Videotex service W WAE Wireless Application Environment WAP Wireless Application Protocol WBEM Web Based Enterprise Management WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WDP Wireless Datagram Protocol WG Working Group WIM Wireless Identity Module WIN Wireless Intelligent Network WLAN Wireless Local Area Network WLAN UE WLAN User Equipment WPA Wrong Password Attempts (counter) WS Work Station WSP Wireless Session Protocol WTA Wireless Telephony Applications WTAI Wireless Telephony Applications Interface WTDD Wideband Time Division Duplexing WTLS Wireless Transport Layer Security WTP Wireless Transaction Protocol WTX Waiting Time eXtenstion WWT Work Waiting Time WWW World Wide Web X XID eXchange IDentifier XMAC exXpected Message Authentication Code (calculated by the USIM application in 3G AKA) XML eXtensible Markup Language XRES EXpected user RESponse Y Z ZC Zone Code Access condition to an EF which is under the control of the authority which creates this file

Barring of Incoming Calls when Roaming outside the home PLMN country

Barring of Outgoing International Calls except those directed to the Home PLMN Country Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique (The International Telegraph and Conférence des administrations Européennes des Postes et Telecommunications

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (https is http/1.1 over SSL, i.e. port 443)

MAC used for data integrity of signalling messages (TSG T WG3 context)

Value of Reduction of the MS transmitted RF power relative to the maximum allowed output 64-bit signed RESponse that is the output of the function f2 in a 3G AKA Service Control Function (IN context), Service Capability Feature (VHE/OSA context)

Signed RESponse (authentication value returned by the SIM or by the USIM in 2G AKA)

Transmit PoWeR; Tx power level in the MS_TXPWR_REQUEST and MS_TXPWR_CONF parameters exXpected Message Authentication Code (calculated by the USIM application in 3G AKA) A 3GPP http://www.3gpp.org/ Acronyms http://www.acronymfinder.com/IEM~2.html Acronyms http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dictionary.htm Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dictionary.htm E Email Communication http://enigmail.mozdev.org/home/index.php Engineering Standards, ESTI http://engineering-standards.globalspec.com/standards/European_Telecommunications_Standards_Institute/s/1/5805890951/ ETSI http://www.etsi.org/WebSite/Standards/StandardsDownload.aspx ETSI Documents, 3 GPP http://isearch.etsi.org/3GPPSearch/search/ Hardware http://netzikon.net/lexikon/p/powerline.html L Latein, Wörterbuch http://www.albertmartin.de/latein/?q=ingenium&con=2 Latein, Redewendungen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_phrases_(full) M Mathe, Weisstein, Enclopedia http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SigmoidFunction.html P Patent, Canada http://patents.ic.gc.ca/cipo/cpd/en/patent/2563283/summary.html Patent, DE http://www.deutsches-patentamt.de/marke/anmeldung/index.html Patent, DE, Stichwortrecherche http://www.depatisnet.de Patent, DE https://dpinfo.dpma.de/ Patent, DE, Volltext http://www.patent-de.com/ Patent, EPC, Online-Akte http://www.epoline.org Patent, EPC http://ep.espacenet.com/search97cgi/s97_cgi.exe?Action=FormGen&Template=ep/EN/home.hts Patent, EPC, Guidelines, Examination http://legis.obi.gr/ESPACEDVD/legal_texts/gui_lines/e/c_iii_4_3a.htm Patent, EPC, Volltext, Publikationsserver http://www.epo.org/patents/patent-information/european-patent-documents/publication-server_de.html Patent, Japan http://www.sipo.gov.cn/sipo_English/ Patent, Korea http://www.kipo.go.kr/kpo/eng/info_doc/kpa.jsp?catmenu=m05_03 Patent, WIPO http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?IA=WO2001059364&DISPLAY=CLAIMS Patent, US http://www.faqs.org/patents/app/20080232376 Patent, WIPO, search http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/ Patent, WIPO, search, refined http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/cgi/guest/search5 Patent, UK http://www.ipo.gov.uk/patent/p-find/p-find-number Patent, Wiki, Volltext http://www.wikipatents.com/gb/2301943.html Patent, Freepatentsonline, Volltext http://images.freepatentsonline.com/y2003/0179145.html Patent, US, Volltext http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6134215.html Marks, EU http://oami.europa.eu/ows/rw/pages/index.de.do R Radio Frequency http://www.rfzone.org/rf-software/ Roland, User Manuals ftp://ftp.roland.co.uk/productsupport/Manuals/ Dictionary, Wörter, Adverben http://www.mydict.com/Wort/katalanisch/ Polarlicht Vorwarninformationsübersichtsseite http://www.lohf.de/aurora/ Library groups http://www.scribd.com/groups/browse Biorythmus http://www.freebiorhythm.net/biorhythm.html Lexikon, IT, Telekom http://www.itwissen.info/uebersicht/lexikon/Elektronik.html E EPC, Entscheidungen der Beschwerdekammern http://www.epo.org/patents/appeals/search-decisions_de.html Mikrowellentechnik, Lehrstuhl http://home.fh-oow.de/~wendel/download.htm DSP http://www.dsprelated.com/documents.php Coding, Modulation http://www.andreas-schwope.de/ASIC_s/Schnittstellen/Data_Lines/line_codes.html Deutsche Verben, Konjugation http://www.canoo.net/services/Controller?dispatch=inflection&input=konkretisieren&features=(Cat+V)&lang=en Versteigerung http://versteigerungspool.de/ueberblick/ Buchsuche (Stichwort, Titel, Verlag usw.) http://www.buchpreis24.de/isbn/9783170018198 Kryptographie http://www.computec.ch/download.php?list.12 Edelsteine, Schweiz http://www.hde.ch/index1.html US-Examen, Patent http://www.patent-bar-exams.com/index.html?gclid=COb6r6idzJYCFQEPuwodBHEMzA Patent, China http://www.sipo.gov.cn/sipo_English/ Magnete, DE http://www.monstermagnete.de/catalog/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=Ring Synthesizer, DE http://www.hieber-lindberg.de/Access-Virus-TI-Keyboard-266688.html DE Urteile, Volltext http://www.juraforum.de/urteile/begriffe/teilungsversteigerung-10.html Synths, download, FTP http://www.synthzone.com/midi/korg/ http://www.acronymfinder.com/IEM~2.html http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dictionary.htm http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dictionary.htm http://enigmail.mozdev.org/home/index.php http://engineering-standards.globalspec.com/standards/European_Telecommunications_Standards_Institute/s/1/5805890951/ http://www.etsi.org/WebSite/Standards/StandardsDownload.aspx http://isearch.etsi.org/3GPPSearch/search/ http://netzikon.net/lexikon/p/powerline.html http://www.albertmartin.de/latein/?q=ingenium&con=2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_phrases_(full) http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SigmoidFunction.html http://patents.ic.gc.ca/cipo/cpd/en/patent/2563283/summary.html http://www.deutsches-patentamt.de/marke/anmeldung/index.html Volltextrecherche : BI = (radar) AND BI = (bistaric)

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ftp://ftp.roland.co.uk/productsupport/Manuals/ http://www.mydict.com/Wort/katalanisch/ http://www.scribd.com/groups/browse http://www.freebiorhythm.net/biorhythm.html http://www.itwissen.info/uebersicht/lexikon/Elektronik.html http://www.epo.org/patents/appeals/search-decisions_de.htmlT_*/05 AND EPC_Art_123* '*(2)' T_0461/05 http://home.fh-oow.de/~wendel/download.htm http://www.dsprelated.com/documents.php http://www.andreas-schwope.de/ASIC_s/Schnittstellen/Data_Lines/line_codes.html http://www.canoo.net/services/Controller?dispatch=inflection&input=konkretisieren&features=(Cat+V)&lang=en http://versteigerungspool.de/ueberblick/ http://www.buchpreis24.de/isbn/9783170018198 http://www.computec.ch/download.php?list.12 http://www.patent-bar-exams.com/index.html?gclid=COb6r6idzJYCFQEPuwodBHEMzA http://www.sipo.gov.cn/sipo_English/ http://www.monstermagnete.de/catalog/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=Ring http://www.hieber-lindberg.de/Access-Virus-TI-Keyboard-266688.html http://www.juraforum.de/urteile/begriffe/teilungsversteigerung-10.html http://www.synthzone.com/midi/korg/ http://engineering-standards.globalspec.com/standards/European_Telecommunications_Standards_Institute/s/1/5805890951/

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Life affirmating speech, expression and thought is very important to attract, gain or amplify SUCCESS. You want to be successfull because you have selected to download, use, expand and improve this document Attractor free wording makes energy flow directly, with now resistances to surmount, thus no coupling, matching or transmission loss My personal advice : Learn to do and to live without attractors, think and speak the direct way, and thus success is guaranteed. attractored (energy reflecting short circuit) Fidelity ratio / linearity eq. = equivalant x 99% does x ... eq. does x require eq. does x have does x mention eq. can x can x be ... are x do x consider x necessarily x allowed x prohibited x limited x changed x included x excluded x guaranteed but are x limited to document D1 can x said to disclose or suggest use x x good x bad x to obscure may x have sth. Demorgan-Law neither X nor Z x possible should x be used should x be used to evaluate x is impossible

Schwachsinn x allowed to be established x allowed to be established x allowed to be established

D1 is to achieve the purpose of not simply forwarding packets towards all ports but forwarding toward a port having a device that is active in a multicast group (D1, [0011]).

characterized in that characterized by a … x zu überdecken x reagiert mit

comliant with Art. … Life affirmating speech, expression and thought is very important to attract, gain or amplify SUCCESS. You want to be successfull because you have selected to download, use, expand and improve this document Attractor free wording makes energy flow directly, with now resistances to surmount, thus no coupling, matching or transmission loss My personal advice : Learn to do and to live without attractors, think and speak the direct way, and thus success is guaranteed.

direct, matched, loadable

fairly, sparsely, scarly This approximation also is advantageous to avoide fails to ... sharp reflections and short circuits states is free of (requiring) if arguments are going to be negated, distorted, interpreted lacks to have against your free will, trying to nail your words down (or nail down you with your words) lacks to mention ; is silent of lacks the possibility to lacks the possibility to be ... are outside of (vertikals nach horizonal Transformation) overlook, do without, neglect, omit optionally prohibited allowed, free open, unlimited, free, open-minded, without limits kept, maintained, refreshed excluded included is having a risk and are open to the possibility is missing to say that document D1 discloses or suggests do without bad well to keep transparent may have ... sth.different

both X and Z; X as well as Z

impossible, excluded, lacks the possibility should be kept away from being used should have lost relevance for being used to evaluate

all and everything is possible

Flachsinn, Schwachfug is kept outside from being allowed to be established prohibited to be established unallowed to be established

Beyond that D1 is to achieve the purpose of simply forwarding packets towards all ports, D1 is forwarding toward a port having a device that is active in a multicast group (D1, [0011]).

characterized in that this is of a … ohne zu überdecken gegenüber … reaktionsträge ist

in compliance with, complying with … This approximation also is advantageous to avoide sharp reflections and short circuits states if arguments are going to be negated, distorted, interpreted against your free will, trying to nail your words down (or nail down you with your words)

(vertikals nach horizonal Transformation)

Mutatis mutandis

Nyquist Filter

leading edge circle AC (at zero Hertz) driving with zero speed Bildungssprachliche Formel lateinischen Ursprungs (ablative absolute) mit der Bedeutung: „mit den notwendigen Änderungen“ / „unter Abänderung des zu Ändernden“ / „nach Anpassung an die neuen Umstände“ ~ zwangsläufig bzw. gekoppelt angepasst bzw. analog

Nyquist filter is an ideal low pass filter with a cutoff frequency equal to the sampling rate. This technique is used to convert PAM pulses to an analog signal in D/A converters.

trailing edge square DC standing Abbreviation Long Title ACT ACTING ADJ ADJUNCT ADJ CLIN ADJUNCT CLINICAL ADJ RES ADJUNCT RESEARCH ADJ VIS ADJUNCT VISITING ADMIN ADMINISTRATIVE, ADMINISTRATION ADVANC ADVANCED AFF AFFAIRS AFFL AFFILIATE AFFL CLIN AFFILIATE CLINICAL AFFL RES AFFILIATE RESEARCH AFFL VIS AFFILIATE VISITING AREC DR AREC DIRECTOR AST ASSISTANT AST IN ASSISTANT IN AST/ASO ASSISTANT/ASSOCIATE AST/ASO/FULL ASSISTANT/ASSOCIATE/FULL ASO ASSOCIATE ASO IN ASSOCIATE IN ASO/FULL ASSOCIATE/FULL AUDIOL AUDIOLOGIST AUTO AUTOMOTIVE BUSINESS SERVICES BUSINESS & FINANCIAL/AUXILLIARY SERVICES CTR CENTER CTR DIR CENTER DIRECTOR CHAIR CHAIR CHF/PTY CHIEF OF PARTY CHIEF CHIEF OF SERVICE CINEMA CINEMATOGRAPHER CLIN CLINICAL COLL COLLEGE CONSTRUCT CONSTRUCTION CRD COORDINATOR COUNS COUNSELOR CO COURTESY CO CLIN COURTESY CLINICAL CO RES COURTESY RESEARCH CUR CURATOR DEAN DEAN DEAN/AA DEAN OF AA DES DESIGNATR DEVEL DEVELOPMENT DIR DIRECTOR DIS PRF DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR DIS RES CUR DISTINGUISHED RESEARCH CURATOR DIS SER PRF DISTINGUISHED SERVICE PROFESSOR DIS AGT DISTRICT AGENT EDUC EDUCATION, EDUCATIONAL EMER EMERITUS EMIN SCH EMINENT SCHOLAR ENFORCE ENFORCEMENT ENG ENGINEER ENGINEER ENGINEERING ENVIRON ENVIRONMENTAL EQUIP EQUIPMENT EXEC EXECUTIVE EXT EXTENSION EXT AGT EXTENSION AGENT FACIL FACILITY FELL FELLOWSHIP FINAN FINANCIAL GRD AST-G GRADUATE ASSISTANT - GRADER GRD AST-R GRADUATE ASSISTANT - RESEARCH GRD AST-T GRADUATE ASSISTANT - TEACHING GRD RES PRF GRADUATE RESEARCH PROFESSOR GROUNDS GROUNDSKEEPING HEAD HEAD I-II I-II I-III I-III I-IV I-IV IND INDUSTRY INFO INFORMATION INST/PKY INSTRUCTION PK YOUNG INSTR INSTRUCTIONAL INT INTERIM INTERN INTERN INVES INVESTIGATIONS, INVESTIGATOR JNT JOINT JNT RES JOINT RESEARCH JNT VIS JOINT VISITING LAB LABORATORY LECT LECTURER MGR MANAGER MSTR MASTER OPR OPERATOR OPP OPPORTUNITY PATHOL PATHOLOGIST PHAS RET PHASED RETIREE POST-DOC POST-DOCTORAL PRACT PRACTITIONER PRE-DOC PRE-DOCTORAL PRES PRESIDENT PRIN PRINCIPAL PROCESS PROCESSING PROD PRODUCTION PROF PROFESSOR PROF/PKY PROFESSOR PK YONGE PRG PROGRAM PRG DIR PROGRAM DIRECTOR PROG PROGRAMMER PROGS PROGRAMS PROV PROVISIONAL PROV VIS PROVISIONAL VISITING PROV PROVOST PROV&SRVP PROVOST & SR VP OF OAA PUB PUBLICATIONS RADIOL RADIOLOGIC RCV RECEIVING REG REGISTERED REGISTR REGISTRAR REL RELATIONS REP REPRESENTATIVE RES RESEARCH RES ASO RESEARCH ASSOCIATE RES GRAD AST RESEARCH GRADUATE ASSISTANT RESIDENT RESIDENT SAF SAFETY SCHOL SCHOLAR SCH DIR SCHOOL DIRECTOR SCTST SCIENTIST SR SENIOR SR ASO SENIOR ASSOCIATE SVCS SERVICE OR SERVICES SPEC SPECIALIST STU STUDENT SUPT SUPERINTENDENT SPV SUPERVISOR SUPP SUPPORT SYS SYSTEMS TCH GRAD AST TEACHING GRADUATE ASSISTANT HLTH TEALTH TECH TECHNICIAN TECHNOL TECHNOLOGIST TELECOM TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRAINEES TRAINEES UNIV UNIVERSITY UNIV LIB UNIVERSITY LIBRARIAN UN SCH DR UNIVERSITY SCHOOL DIRECTOR VICE VICE VP VICE PRESIDENT VP&DEAN VICE PRESIDENT & DEAN VIS VISITING VIS CLIN VISITING CLINICAL VIS RES VISITING RESEARCH AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Service APDU Application Protocol Data Units CAC Chanel Access Client CCBS Customer Care and Billing System CCD Charge Coupled Device - Ladungsspeicherelementanordnung CDMA collision detect multiple access CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data Centrex Central Office Exchange Services CGI Common Gateway Interface DFÜ Datenfernübertragung DMIF Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework DMP Device Managment Platform DRM Digital-Rights-Management EI Equiment Identity ERP Enterprise Resource Planning FTP File Transfer Protocol GPRS General Packet Radio Standard GSM global system mobile GSM-OTA global system mobile - over-the-air HSCSD High Speed Switched Data Mode HTML Hypertext Markup Language HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol IAPP Inter-Access Point Protocol ICAMU Intelligent Chanel Acess Manamgent Unit ICMU Intelligent Chanel Managment Unit IETF Internet Engineering Task Force ITU International Telecommunications Union JBC Java Bytecode JDBC Java Data Base Connectivity, SQL-Datenbankschnittstelle in Java JIT Just-in-time compiler JNLP Java Network Launch Protocol JVM Java Virtual Machine LAM Location Accuracy Matrix LAN Local Area Network LTS Location Tracker System MAN Metroploitan Area Networks MEF Mobile Entertainment Forum MES Manufacturing Execution Systems MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol MIDI musical instruments digital interface MNOS Mobile Network Operators MOM Message Oriented Middleware MSC Mobile Switching Center MT mobile Terminal PACS Picture Archiving and Communication Systems PBX Private Branch Exchange PDA persönlicher digitaler Assistent PIMS Personal Information Managers POP Postoffice Protocol PSTN Public Switched Telephone Networks RTOS Realtime Operating System SAN Storage Area Network SIM Subscriber Identity Module SIP Sessions Initiations Protocol SMPT Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMS(short message service SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol SQL Structured Query Language TA Terminal Adapter TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol TLS Transport Layer Security TRAU Transcoder and Bitrateadaption Unit TTLS Tunneld Transport Layer Security UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration UMTS Universal Mobile Telecom System URI Uniform Resource Identifier URL(Uniform Resource Locator VLR Visitor Location Register VP Virtual Processor WAN Wide Area Network WAP wireless application protocool WWW World Wide Web ZCMN zero-configuration secure mobility networking SI-MTM server initiated end-to-end message transfer mechanism XSL eXtensible Stylesheet Language CSS Cascading Style Sheets EPG electronic program guide PVR Personal Video Recorder PIR Personal Interactivity Recorder ATVEF Advanced Television Enhancement Forum CSCW Computer Supported Cooperative/Colaborative Work PTT Push To Talk BTS (Base Transceiver Station) BSC (Base Station Controller) MSC (Mobile Switching Center) PDSN (Packet Data Serving Node) PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) MIN (Mobile Identification Number)

A

A Adenin (DNA-Base) AA Atomic Absorption AA Automatic (or: Automated) Attendant [Facility] (Telekommunikation) AA Automobile Association (UK) AAA Akademisches Auslandsamt AAA Austrian Acoustics Association AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (Telekommunikation) AAAA Alps-Adria Acoustic Association (since Sept. 2002) AAAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting and Auditing (Telekommunikation) AAAF [französische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] AAAI American Association for Artificial Intelligence AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science AAC Advanced Audio Coding AACG American Association for Crystal Growth AAES American Association of Engineering Societies AAFS Afrikanisch-Asiatische Studentenförderung e.V. (Göttingen) AAID American Academy of Implant Dentisty AAL ATM Adaptation Layer AAPM American Association of Physicists in Medicine AAPPS Association of Asia Pacific Physical Societies AAPT American Association of Physics Teachers AAS Advanced Automation System AAS American Astronautical Society AAS American Astronomical Society AAS Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Atom-Absorptions-Spektrometrie AATSR Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ENVISAT) AAV adeno-assoziierte Viren ABB Asea Brown Boveri AG (Mannheim) ABC Atanasoff-Berry Computer (Iowa State College, 1938-1942) ABDO Allgemeine Bestimmungen für Diplomprüfungsordnungen ABE Amtliche Betriebserlaubnis (Typprüfung Kfz) ABET Accrediting Board of Engineering and Technology (USA) ABM Advanced Buffer Material ABM Anti-Ballistic Missile ABR Available Bit Rate ABRIXAS A Broad-Band Imaging X-Ray All-Sky Survey (Satellit 1999, gescheitert) ABS Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol ABS Alternate Billing Service ABS Antiblockiersystem; Anti-Lock Braking System (Kfz) ABT Ausschuss für Begutachtertraining (DAR, Normungsarbeit) ABU Asia(-Pacific) Broadcasting Union AC Admission Control (Telekommunikation) AC Alternating Current (Wechselstrom) ACA Academic Cooperation Association (europäische Organisation) ACA American Crystallographic Association A-CBC Akkreditierungsagentur für die Studiengänge Chemie, Biochemie und A-CBC Chemieingenieurwesen an Universitäten und Fachhochschulen ACCU Advisory Committee of CERN Users ACD Advanced Chemistry Development ACD Automatic Call Distribution ACE Advanced Computing Environment ACE American Council on Exercise ACE Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ACE Application Creation Environment (Telekommunikation) ACE Atmospheric Compensation Experiment (adaptive Optik) ACE Community Action for Cooperation in the Field of Economics (EU) ACELP Adaptive Code-Excited Linear Prediction ACES Optimal Acoustic Equivalent Source Descriptors for Automotive Noise Modelling ACES Atlantic Coral Ecosystem Study ACESA Advanced Composites with Embedded Sensors and Actuators ACIA Asynchronous Communication Interface Adapter ACK Acknowledege(ment) (Datentransfer) ACL Access Control List (Telekommunikation) ACL Agent Communication Languages ACL Asynchronous Connectionless Link (Telekommunikation) ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio (Telekommunikation) ACM Association for Computing Machinery ACMP American College of Medical Physics ACP Advanced Computing Project (Fermilab, etwa 1980) ACP American Center of Physics (College Park, MD) ACPS Advection-Dominated Accretion Flow (Astrophysik) ACRV Assured Crew Return Vehicle (Raumfahrt) ACS American Chemical Society ACSI Atari Computer System Interface ACSR Active Control of Structural Response ACT Active Control Technology (Flugzeug) ACTH Adrenocorticotropes Hormon ACTS Advanced Communication Technologies and Services (EC) AD Administration Module AD ante dominum ADANO Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Audiologen und Neurootologen ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter ADC Automatic Development Chamber ADC Automotive Distance Control ADEA Age Discrimination in Employment Act (USA) ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder AdL Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften (DDR) ADL All-Digital Loop (Telekommunikation) ADLC Adaptive Liquid-Crystal Lens ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) ADM Area Dimensional Model (Lärmbewertung) ADN Ammoniumdinitramid (Sprengstoff) ADOCS Advanced Digital Optical Control System (Flugzeug) ADONIS Acoustic Daylight Ocean Noise Imaging System ADP Adenosindiphosphat ADP Ammoniumdihydrogenphosphat ADP Avalanche Photodiode ADPA American Defense Preparedness Association ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation ADR Accumulated Doppler Range (Satellitenortungsverfahren) ADRCS Automatic Data Recording and Control System ADSB Auto Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (Flugverkehr) ADSL Asymmetric(al) Digital Subscriber Loop (or: Line) ADTM [Fraunhofer-]Arbeitsgruppe für Drahtlose Kommunikations- und Multimediatechnik (Erlangen) ADTV Advanced Definition Television ADUC Arbeitsgemeinschaft deutscher Universitätsprofessoren für Chemie AdW Akademie der Wissenschaften (DDR) AE Acoustic Emission AE Astronomische Einheit (Entfernung Erde-Sonne = 1,49 × 1011 m) AEC Architecture/Engineering/Construction (Industry) AEC Atomic Energy Commission (USA) AECL Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd. AEE Office of Environment and Energy (FAA) AEF Normenausschuss Einheiten und Formelzeichen AEG Allgemeine Elektrizitätsgesellschaft AEI Automatic Equipment Identification AEL Accessible Emission Limit AEM Area Equivalent Method (Lärmbewertung) AEMT (Fraunhofer-)Arbeitsgruppe für Elektronische Medientechnologie AEP Akustisch evozierte Potentiale AEPI Atmospheric Emissions Photometric Imaging AES Advanced Encryption Standard AES Application Environment Services AES Associate Executive Secretary AES Audio Engineering Society AES Auger-Elektronen-Spektroskopie / Auger Electron Spectroscopy AESS Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society AEV FhAZ für Entsorgungs- und Verkehrslogistik (Wildau, Brandenburg) AEWA [Afrikanisch-Eurasisches Regionalabkommen zur Erhaltung der Wasservögel] AF Assured Forwarding (Datentransfer) AF Audio Frequency AFAL Air Force Astronautics Laboratory AFAS Abteilung für Angewandte Systemanalyse (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe) AFB Air Force Base (USA) AFC Alkali Fuel Cell AFD Anticipatory Failure Determination AFE Analog Front End (Telekommunikation) AFFDL Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, USA AFM Atomic Force Microscope AFNM Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fachdidaktik der Naturwissenschaften und der Mathematik AFO Auftragsforschung [und -entwicklung] Ost (BMFT) AFOSR Air Force Office of Scientific Research (USA) AFOTEC US Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center AFRPL Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory (Edwards Air Force Base, CA, USA) AFS Advanced Freephone Service AFS Aluminum Foam Sandwich AG Aktiengesellschaft AG Arbeitsgruppe AG Astronomische Gesellschaft e.V. AGARD Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development, North Atlantic Treaty Organization AGASA Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (Japan, zum Nachweis kosmischer Strahlung) AGASP Arctic Gas and Aerosol Sampling Program AGB Asymptotic Giant Branch (Astronomie) AGB Automatische Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung (Kfz) AG-BL Arbeitsgemeinschaft Forschungseinrichtungen Blaue Liste AGC Automatic Gain Control AGC [Fraunhofer-] Anwendungszentrum für Computergraphik in Chemie und Pharmazie AGEG Arbeitsgemeinschaft Europäischer Grenzregionen AGF Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Großforschungseinrichtungen AGIL Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internet und Linguistik (Göttingen) AGKr Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kristallographie AGN Active Galactic Nuclei A-GPS Assisted Global Positioning System AGS Alternating Gradient Synchrotron AGU American Geophysical Union AGV Automatic Guided Vehicle AGW Access Gateway (Telekommunikation) AH Adaptive Hypermedien AHAM Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (USA) AHDI Atari Hard Disk Interface AHS American Helicopter Society AHSUM Adaptable High-Speed Undersea Munition AHU Air Handling Unit (HVAC) AI [IASTED International Conference on] Applied Informatics AI Articulation Index (Psychoakustik) AI Artificial Intelligence AIAA American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics AIAE [Spanische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] AICB Association internationale contre le bruit AICD automatische implantierte Cardio-Defibrillatoren AID Aktiver Informationsdienst (EU) AIDAA [Italienische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] AIDC Automotive Industry Developing Center (Südafrika, mit FhG-Unterstützung) AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIEE American Institute of Electrical Engineers AiF Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen ,,Otto von Guericke'' e.V. (Köln) AIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei) AILU Association of Industrial Laser Users (UK) AIM Advanced Informatics in Medicine AIM Advanced Interface Module (Telekommunikation) AIMD Additive Increase, Multiplicative Decrease (Telekommunikation) AIML Astronomical Instrument Markup Language AIN Advanced Intelligent Network AIP The American Institute of Physics AIP Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam AIR Automatic Image Refinement (Canon-Laserdrucker) AIRTO Association of Independent Research and Technology Organisations (GB) AIRSAR Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale AIS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Autonome Intelligente Systeme (St. Augustin, früher GMD) AITRAM Advanced Integrated Training in Aeronautics Maintenance AIV Assembly, Integration and Validation AIZ Ausschuss für internationale Zusammenarbeit (DAR, Normungsarbeit) AK Alaska (US-Staat) a.k.a. also known as AKE Arbeitskreis Energie (DPG) AKF Arbeitskreis Festkörperphysik (DPG) AKO Arbeitskreis ,,Optionen für die Zukunft'' (DPG) AKS Akademische Software Kooperation AKW Atomkraftwerk AL Alabama (US-Staat) AL Artificial Life AL Astronautics Laboratory (formerly: AFRPL) ALADIN Algorithm for Learning and Architecture Determination ALC Automatic Level Control ALCM Air-Launched Cruise Missile ALFA alternative faserfreie Schallabsorber ALFA América-Latina - Formación Académica (EU) ALG Application Level Gateway (Firewall) ALGOL Algorithmic Language ALI ATM Link Interconnect ALI Autofahrer-Leit- und Informationssystem ALICE A Large Ion Collision Experiment (CERN) ALK automatisierte Liegenschaftskarte ALLEA All European Academies ALMA Atacama Large Millimeter Array (Radioteleskop, geplant für 2011) ALS Advanced Light Source (LBNL) ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit AM Amplitudenmodulation, Amplitude Modulation AM Availability Manager A-MAN ATM Metropolitan Area Network (Telekommunikation) AMANDA Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector (or: Detection) Array AMCD Annular Momentum Control Device AMD Advanced Micro Devices (Sunnyvale, CA, USA) AMD Age Related Macula Degeneration (Sehschwäche) AMEL Active Matrix Electroluminescence (Display) AMHS Automated Material Handling System AMI American Megatrends Inc. AMLCD Active-Matrix Liquid Crystal Display AMOP Arbeitskreis ,,Atome, Moleküle, Quantenoptik und Plasmen'' (DPG) AMOP Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics AMP Adenosinmonophosphat AMP FhAZ für Metallpulvererzeugung (Clausthal) AMPD Atomic and Molecular Physics Division AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System (Telekommunikation) AMPTE Artificial Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Experiment AMR Adaptive Multirate (Telekommunikation) AMS Accelerator Mass Spectrometry AMS American Mathematical Society AMS ATM Main Switch AMST Association for Maximum Service Television, Inc. (USA) AN Access Node (Rechnernetz) ANC Active Noise Control ANC Antenna Networks (Telekommunikation) ANCF Active Noise Control Fan (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA) ANDF Architecture-Neutral Distribution Format ANFO Ammonium Nitrate plus Fuel Oil (Sprengstoff) ANGIS Australian National Genomic Information Service ANI Automatic Number Identification (Datennetz) ANKA Angströmquelle Karlsruhe ANN Artificial Neural Network ANOVA Analysis of Variance (statistischer Test) ANRU Antenna Receiver for UMTS (Telekommunikation) ANS Advanced Neutron Source (Oak Ridge) ANS American Nuclear Society ANSI American National Standards Institute ANT ADSL Network Termination (Telekommunikation) ANU Australian National University (Canberra) ANX American Network Exchange A/O All Optical (optische Telekommunikation) AO Arctic Oscillation (athmosphärische Zirkulation) AOC Advanced Operational Capability AOCS Altitude and Orbit Control System AOD Aerosol Optical Depth AODI Always On/Dynamic ISDN AOF Authority on the Fly AOI Automatic (or: Automated) Optical Inspection AOL America Online (Internet Provider) AOLS All-Optical Label Swapping (optische Telekommunikation) AON All Optical Network (optische Telekommunikation) AOV Angle-of-View (liquid crystal displays) AOWC All-Optical Wavelength Converter (optische Telekommunikation) AP Alternating Projection (Algorithmus) APA Administrative Procedure Act (Congress, USA) APA American Psychological Association APAC Asia Pacific (Region) APC Adaptive Predictive Coding APC Advanced Process Control APCI Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation APCM Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation AP-CVD Atmospheric Pressure CVD APD Avalanche Photodiode (or: Photo Detector) APEC Applied Power Electronics Conference [and Exposition] APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (asiatischer Handelsblock) APG Alkylpolyglycosid APHV Allgemeiner Postwertzeichen-Händlerverband (seit 8.3.1949) API Application Program(ming) Interface APIAN Advanced Propulsion Installation Aerodynamics and Noise (EU-Forschungsprojekt) APM Attached Pressurized Module (Raumfahrt) APO Arbeitsplatzorientierte Weiterbildung APO außerparlamentarische Opposition APOLT APON Line Termination APON ATM Passive Optical Network APONT APON Network Termination APS Active Pixel Sensors (Bildwandler) APS Advanced Photon Source (Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA) APS Air Traffic Planning System (DLR) APS The American Physical Society APT Apartment (US Mail) APT Asia Pacific Telecommunity APTP Asia-Pacific Technology Program APU Auxiliary Power Unit APXS Alpha-Proton-Röntgenstrahlenspektrometer AR Arkansas (US-Staat) AR Augmented Reality AR Autoregressive (Filter) ARA Ausfall-Raten-Analyse ARAC African Aquacultural Center (Port Hartcourt, Nigeria) ARAGO Advanced Robotic Agile Observatory (Astrophysik) ARC (Dateinamenerweiterung: Archivdatei mit komprimierten Inhalten) ARD Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Rundfunkanstalten Deutschlands ARDU Aircraft Research and Development Unit (Australien) ARES Actively Reacting Flexible Structure (DLR) ARGOS Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite ARI Autofahrer-Rundfunk-Informationssystem ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Business (Japan) ARIMA Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (Modelling) ARIS Aggregate Route-Based IP Switching (Telekommunikation) ARIS Augmented Reality Image Synthesis ARL Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung (Hannover) ARL Applied Research Laboratory (Pennstate) ARL Association of Research Libraries (USA) ARLO Acoustic Research Letters Online (JASA) ARMA Autoregressive Moving Average (Filter) ARMAX ARMA process with Auxiliary Input ARMD Age-Related Macular Degeneration ARO Army Research Office (USA) ARP Address Resolution Protocol (Telekommunikation) ARPA Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) ARPANET ARPA Network (Vorgänger des Internet) ARPES Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy ARPU Average Revenue per User (Telekommunikation) ARQ Automatic Repeat Request (Datenübertragung) ART Advanced Rotorcraft Transmission ART Allgemeine Relativitätstheorie ARTEMIS Automatic Retrieval of Text from Europe's Multinational Information Service AS Alarm Surveillance (Telekommunikation) AS American Samoa (US Mail) AS Application Server (Telekommunikation) AS Autonomous System AS Availability Server ASA The Acoustical Society of America ASA Air Services Australia ASA American Standards Association ASAC Active Structural Acoustic Control ASAM Advanced Services Access Manager (Telekommunikation) ASAM ATM Subscriber Access Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) ASANCA Advanced Study for Active Noise Control in Aircraft (CEC) ASAP Alarm Severity Assignment Profile ASAP as soon as possible ASAR Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar ASC Aeroacoustics Specialists' Committee (in CEAS) ASC American Society for Composites (seit 1985) ASC American Superconductor Corporation ASCA Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (Japan 1993) ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASCI Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (DoE, USA) ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASDEX Axial-Symmetric Divertor Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Garching) ASDL Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line ASE Amplified Spontaneous Emission (Röntgenlaser) ASE ATM Switching Element ASE siehe ESA ASEAN (Südostasiatische regionale Zusammenarbeit) ASEE American Society of Enginering Education ASEM (asiatisch-europäisches Gipfeltreffen) ASEPS-O Astronomical Studies of Extrasolar Planetary Systems (Mount Palomar, CA, USA) ASHA American Speech-Language-Hearing Association ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers ASI Agenza Spaziale Italiane ASI Amorph-Silizium-Glasmodule (Photovoltaik) ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface (Telekommunikation) ASIC Anwender-(Anwendungs-)spezifischer IC, Application-Specific Integrated Circuit ASIM Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulation in der Gesellschaft für Informatik ASJ Acoustical Society of Japan ASK Akademische Software Kooperation (Universität Karlsruhe) ASK Amplitude Shift Keying (Digitales Modulationsverfahren) ASL American Sign Language (Taubstummen-Gebärdensprache) ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASMW Amt für Standardisierung, Messwesen und Warenprüfung (DDR) ASN ATM Switching Network ASNE American Society of Naval Engineers ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation 1 ASP Adaptive Signal Processing ASP Application Service Provider (Telekommunikation) ASPEC Audio Spectral Perceptual Entropic Coding ASQC American Society for Quality Control ASR Antischlupfregelung (Kfz) ASR Automatic (or: Advanced) Speech Recognition ASS Acetylsalicylsäure ASSI Akkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften und der Informatik ASSP Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (IEEE) ASSP Application Specific Standard Products AST FhAZ für Systemtechnik (Illmenau, Thüringen) AStA Allgemeiner Studentenausschuss ASTAR Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol and Radiation ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (Erd-Fernerkundung) ASTIA Armed Services Technical Informations Agency (USA) ASTM American Society of Testing Materials ASTRID Aarhus Storage Ring, Denmark ASTV Aeroassisted Space Transfer Vehicle (Raumfahrt) ASU Abgas-Sonder-Untersuchung ASU ATM Service Unit ASURA Advanced Speech Understanding and Rendering System of ATR (Japan) ASVP Application Specific Standard Products AT Austria (im Internet und Patentwesen) ATB Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim (Potsdam-Bornim) ATC Abstract Test Case (Telekommunikation) ATC Adiabatic Toroidal Compressor (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) ATC Air Traffic Control (Luftverkehrssteuerung) ATC American Television and Communications Corporation ATC ATM Transfer Capabilities (Telekommunikation) ATDMA Advanced TDMA ATE Automatic Test Equipment ATF Accelerator Test Facility ATF Advanced Tactical Fighter (USA, Flugzeug) ATI Above-Threshold Ionization ATI Automatic Telephony Interpretation (CAIR, Korea) ATIP Asian Technology Information Program (US organization) ATKIS Amtliches Topographisch-Kartographisches Informations-System ATLAS A Toroidal LHC Apparatus (CERN) ATLAS Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science ATM Air Traffic Management ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode (Datennetz) ATM Attached Pressurized Module (Raumfahrt) ATM Automated Teller Machine (Bankwesen) ATMF ATM Forum ATMF ATM user connected via optical Fiber ATMOS Air Traffic Management and Operations Simulator (DLR) ATMT [Fraunhofer-] Arbeitsgruppe für Telekommunikation und Multimediatechik ATP Adenosintriphosphat ATP Advanced Technology Program (USA, Department of Commerce) ATP Advanced Turbo-Prop (Flugzeug) ATR Attenuated Total Reflection (chem. Analyse-Verfahren) ATS Abstract Test Suite (Telekommunikation) ATS Automated Tuner System ATSC Advanced Television Systems Committee ATSE Antenna Technology Shuttle Experiment (NASA) ATST Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (geplant) ATT Advanced Transport Telematics ATTA Atom Trap Trace Analysis ATTAS Advanced Technology Testing Aircraft System (DLR) AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph Company ATTC Advanced Television Test Center, Inc. (USA) ATTHeS Advanced Technology Testing Helicopter System (DLR) ATU Access Termination Unit (Telekommunikation) ATU ADSL Terminal Unit ATV Automatisches Transfervehikel (Raumfahrt) AU Australia (im Internet) AURA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (USA) AUT Association of University Teachers (GB) AV Audio- und Video-(Anschluss) AVA Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (Göttingen, 1907) AVE Avenue (US Mail) AvH Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (Fernerkundung) AVI Akkreditierungsverbund für Ingenieurstudiengänge e.V. AVI Automatic Vehicle Identification AVI (Dateinamenerweiterung: Videodatei) AVK FhAZ für Verkehrslogistik und Kommunikationstechnik (Nürnberg) A-VLAN Authenticated VLAN (Telekommunikation) AVO Astronomical Virtual Observatory (Europe) AVS Advanced Visual Systems AVS American Vacuum Society AVV FhAZ für Verarbeitungsmaschinen und Verpackungstechnik (Dresden) AW-CDM Adaptive Weighted CDM AWE Arbeitsplatz-Wiedergabe-Einheit (digitales Sprachübertragungssystem) AWG American Wire Gauge AWG Arrayed Waveguide Grating (Filter, Photonik) AWI Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung (Bremerhaven) AWO Arbeiterwohlfahrt AWO Auftragsforschung-West-Ost (BMFT) AXAF Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility (Satellit, USA) AZ Arizona (US-Staat) Azipod Azimuthing Electric Podded Propulsion (Schiffsantrieb)

B

BACODINE Batse Coordinates Distribution Network (Astrophysik) BAe British Aerospace BAföG Bundesausbildungsförderungsgesetz BAGMO Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft Motorrad BAI Beratender Ausschuss der Industriephysiker (in der DPG) BAK (Dateinamenerweiterung: Sicherungskopie) BALK Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft leitender Krankenpflegepersonen e.V. BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (Berlin) BAME Bayerische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mikroelektronik BAN Body Area Network BAPT Bundesamt für Post und Telekommunikation BARC Bay Area Research Center (Microsoft-Forschungszentrum) BARN Bayer-Alzheimer Research Network BAS Broadband Access Server (Telekommunikation) BASF Badische Anilin- und Sodafabrik BASIC Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BASYS Baltic Sea System Study BAT Bandwidth Allocation Threshold (Datennetz) BAT Biologische Arbeitsstofftoleranz(werte) BAT Bonquet Association Table BAT British Antarctic Territory BAT Bundesangestelltentarif BAT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Batchdatei) BATSE Burst and Transient Source Experiment (GRO) B.A.U.M. Bundesdeutscher Arbeitskreis für umweltbewusstes Management e.V. BB Baseband (Telekommunikation) BB Broadband BBAW Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften BBC Broadband Coupler (Datennetz) BBE Broadband Entertainment BBiG Berufsbildungsgesetz BBN Bolt, Beranek & Newman (USA) BBRAN Broadband Remote Access Network (or: Node) BBRAS Broadband Remote Access Server BBS Behavioral and Brain Science (Zeitschrift) BBS Bulletin Board System (Internet) BBSO Big Bear Solar Observatory (Big Bear Lake, CA, USA) BBW Bundesverband der Brand- und Wasserschadenbeseitiger e.V. BC Before Christ bcc blind carbon copy (Durchschlag, ohne Nachricht an andere Adressaten) BCC Buffer Congestion Control (Telekommunikation) BCD Binary Coded Decimal BCIS Biodiversity Conservation Information System BCP Burst Control Packet BCR Bureau Communautaire de Référence BCRU British Committee on Radiation Units and Measurement BCS Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (Supraleitungstheorie) BCSD Business Council for Sustainable Development BD Business Division BDA Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände BDI Belief, Desire, Intent BDI Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie e.V. (Köln) BDNF Brain-Derived Nerve Growth Factor BDSL Boundary-Scan-Description Language BDVD Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus BEC Backward Error Correction (Datenübertragung) BEC Bose-Einstein Condensation BEEM Ballistic Electron Emission Microscopy BEF Best Effort Forwarding (Telekommunikation) BEIR Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation Bellcore Bell Communications Research BEM Big Emerging Market (Welthandel) BEO Biologie, Energie, Ökologie (KfK Jülich, Projektträger) BEPC Beijing Electron Positron Collider BER Binary Encoding Rule (ASN.1) BER Bit Error Rate (or: Ratio) BES Beijing Spectrometer BESSY Berliner Elektronen-Speicherring für Synchrotronstrahlung BfA Bundesanstalt für Arbeit BfArM Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte (Bonn) bFGF Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (basischer Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor) BFH Bundesfinanzhof BFIO Büro für Führungskräfte zu internationalen Organisationen (Frankfurt/M) BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator BFP Blue Fluorescent Protein BG Border Gateway (Telekommunikation) BGA Ball Grid Array, Kugelgitteranordnung (Chipgehäuse) BGB Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch BGO Bismuth Germinate (Gammastrahlen-Detektor) BGP Border Gateway Protocol (Telekommunikation) BGVV Bundesanstalt für gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin BH Buried Heterostructure (Laser) BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt (Telekommunikation) BHKW Blockheizkraftwerk BIAS Bremer Institut für Angewandte Strahltechnik BIBB Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (Bonn) BICC Bearer Independent Call Control (Telekommunikation) BICI Broadband Inter-Carrier Interface (Datennetz) BiCMOS bipolar CMOS BIDS Biological Integrated Detection System BIE Boundary Integral Equation BIFS Binary Format for Scenes (Digitals Fernsehen) BImschG Bundes-Immissions-Schutzgesetz BIOS Basic Input/Output System BIP Bruttoinlandsprodukt BIPM Bureau International des Poids et Mésures (Sèvres, Paris) B-ISDN Broadband ISDN BIT Binary Digit BITNET Because It's Time Network BKA Bundeskriminalamt BKS Bohr-Kramers-Slater (-Theorie) (1924) BL Blaue Liste (Deutsche Forschungsinstitute) BLC Back Light Compensation (Video-Kamera: Gegenlicht-Blendenvergrößerung) BLDC Brushless d.c. (Elektromotor) BLER Block Error Rate (Telekommunikation) BLK Bund-Länder-Kommission für Bildungsplanung und Forschungsförderung BLS Bucerius Law School (Hamburg) BLSR Bidirectional Line Switching Ring BLTP Bogoljubow Laboratory of Theoretical Physics (VIK, Dubna, Russland) BLVD Boulevard (US Mail) BM Broadband Manager BMB Baltic Marine Biologists BMBF Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie BMBW Bundesministerium für Bildung und Wissenschaft BMBWFT Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie BMC Benchmarking Center (am IIS, Außenstelle Nürnberg) BMC Broadcast/Multicast Control (Telekommunikation) BMC Burst Mode Controller (Datennetz) BMFT Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie BMG Bundesministerium für Gesundheit BMGS Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und Soziale Sicherung BMI Body Mass Index (siehe KMI) BMLG Binaural Masking Level Difference BMP Bone Morphogenetic Protein BMP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) BMR Ballistic Magnetoresistance BMS Business Management System BM-SC Broadcast/Multicast Service Center (Telekommunikation) BMU Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit BMV Bundesministerium für Verkehr BMWi Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft BMZ Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung BNC Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation BNI Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin (Hamburg) BNL Brookhaven National Laboratory BNP Brain Natriuretic Peptide BNSC British National Space Centre BNV Belgische Natuurkundige Vereniging BoD Bandwidth on Demand (Telekommunikation) BOM Bill of Materials BOOMERANG Balloon Observations of Millimetric Extragalactic Radiation and Geomagnetics BONT Broadband Optical Network Termination BOS Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben BOT Build, Operate and Transfer (Telekommunikation) BPF Blade Pass Frequency (Propeller) BPON Broadband Passive Optical Network (optische Telekommunikation) BPR Business Process Reengineering BPS The Bulgarian Physical Society BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying (Modulation, Binäre Phasenumtastung) BPSR Bidirectional Path Switched Ring (Telekommunikation) BPTI Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor BPX Burning Plasma Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) BQB Bluetooth Qualification Body (Telekommunikation) BQTF Bluetooth Qualification Test Facility bR Bacteriorhodopsin BR Basic Research (ESPRIT) BR Biosphärenreservat (Naturschutz) BRA Basic Rate Access (ISDN) BRAHMS Broad Range Hadron Spectrometer (RHIC) BRAN Broadband Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server (Telekommunikation) BRITE Basic Research in Industrial Technologies for Europe BRS Buried Ridge Stripe (Telekommunikation) BRT Bruttoregistertonne BS Base Station (Telekommunikation) BS British Standard BS Broadcast Satellite (Digital broadcast) BSC Base Station Controller (Telekommunikation) B.Sc. Bachelor of Science BSCCO Barium-Strontium-Calcium-Copper Oxide, Barium-Strontium-Calcium-Kupfer-Oxid (HTSL) BSDL Boundary-Scan Description Language BSE Bonn European School of Economics e.V. BSE Bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Rinderwahnsinn) BSF Back Surface Field (Solarzellen) BSG Bundessozialgericht BSH (Medikament zur Tumorbehandlung mit Neutroneneinfangtherapie) BSML Biosequence Markup Language BSNR Blurred Signal-to-Noise Ratio (Bildunschärfe) BSP Bruttosozialprodukt BSR Board of Standards Review (USA) BSR Bottom Simulating Reflector (Ozeanologie) BSRN Baseline Surface Radiation Network BSS Base Station Subsystem (Telekommunikation) BSS Broadcasting Satellite Service BST Band Segmented Transmission (Digital broadcast) BT Business Telecommunications (TC im ETSI) BTA Broadcasting Technical Association (Japan) BTPG Boundary-Scan-Test-Program Generation BTS Base Transceiver Station (Telekommunikation) BTS Broadcast Television Systems GmbH (Darmstadt) BTV Broadcast Television BTW by the way Btx Bildschirmtext BU Branching (or: Business) Unit (Rechnernetze) (Telekommunikation) Bull. P&I T.I.T. Bulletin of Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Yokohama, Japan) BUND Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland e.V. BVPN Broadband Virtual Private Network BVW Betriebliches Vorschlagswesen b.w. bitte wenden (engl.: p.t.o.) B-WiN Breitband-Wissenschaftsnetz (Datennetz, bis 155 Mbit/s) BWL Beriebswirtschaftslehre BZ Brennstoffzelle (= FC) B2B Business-to-Business B2C Business-to-Consumer

C

C Cytosin (DNA-Base) CA California (US-Staat) CA Call Agent (Telekommunikation) CA Canada (im Internet) CA Cancer (Krebs) CA Cellular Automata CA Code Acquisition CA Computer Algebra CA Computer-Animation CA Conditional Access (Telekommunikation) CAA Civil Aviation Authority (UK) CAAT Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA) CAC Call Acceptance (or: Admission) Control (Telekommunikation) CACSD Computer Aided Control System Design CAD Computer Aided Design CADE Computer Algebra and Differential Equations (Programm bei der GMD) CAE Computer Aided Engineering CAESAR Center for Advanced European Studies and Research (Bonn) CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (or: Economy) CAG Computer Aided Gage (or: Gaging) (computerunterstützte Kfz-Schaltung) CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate CAI Computer-Aided (or: Assisted) Instruction CAIR Center for Artificial Intelligence Research (Korea) CAL Computer-Aided (or: Assisted) Learning CAM Career Asset Manager (IEEE) CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing CAMA Crew Assistand System for Military Aircraft CAMEL Cellular Automata Environment for Systems Modelling CAMEL Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic (Telekommunikation) CAMEO Computer Aided Mechanistic Evaluation of Organic Reactions CAMP Channel Amplifier cAMP cyclisches Adenosintriphosphat CAN Control Area Network CAN Customer Access Network CANIF Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Forest Soils CAO Computer Aided Optimization CAP Camel Applications Part (Telekommunikation) CAP Canadian Association of Physics CAP Carrierless Amplitude Phase (Modulation) CAP Committee on Applied Physics (APS) CAP Computer Aided Painting (Lackier-Roboter) CAP Council of the American Physical Society CAPE Computer Assisted Process Engineering CAPEX Capital Expenditure CAPRA Concept to Amplify Plutonium Reduction in Advanced Fast Reactors (CEA) CAPS Call Attempts per Second (Telekommunikation) CARAT Computer Aided Radio and Television CARE Comprehensive Approach for Recycling of Electronics CARL Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries CARMA Combined Array for Research in Millimeter Astronomy (Kalifornien, USA) CARPET Cellular Programming Environment CARROUSO Creating, Assessing and Rendering in Real Time of High Quality Audio-Visual Environments (3D-Klangverfahren) CARS Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (or: Scattering) CAS Calorimetric Absorption Spectroscopy CAS Channel Associated Signaling CAS Chemical Abstracts Service (Datenbank) CAS Committee on Assurance of Supply CAS Complex Adaptive Systems CAS Conditional Access System (Digital broadcast) CAS Controlled Access Service CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering CASI Canadian Aeronautic and Space Institute CASIPS Close to Application Study in Polymer Science (IAP-Förderprogramm) CASP Competitive Access Service Provider (Telekommunikation) CAST Cardiac Arrythmia Suppression Trial CAST [Competence] Center for Applied Security Technology CAT Collaborative Access Team (beim APS, Argonne) CAT Computer-Aided Teaching CAT Computerized Axial Tomography CAT Conditional Access Table (Telekommunikation) CATI Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing CATV Cable Television CATV Coaxial Television CATV Community (or: Common) Antenna Television CAVE Cave Automatic Virtual Environment CB Cellular Broadcast CB Control Burst (Telekommunikation) CBDS Connectionless Broadband Data Service CBI Cosmic Background Imager (Radioteleskop-Array in Chile) CBO Congressional Budget Office (USA) CBQ Class Based Queuing (Telekommunikation) CBR Constant Bit Rate (Datentransfer) CBSDM Component-Based Scene Description Model CBT Computer Based Training CC Call Control (Layer 3) CC Capital Cost cc Carbon Copy (Durchschlag) CC Competence Center (Rechnernetze) CC Connection Coordinator CCA Continuum Computer Architecture CCB Customer Care and Billing (Telekommunikation) CCBS Customer Care and Billing System (or: Service) (Telekommunikation) CCD Charge-Coupled Device CCDM Consultive Committee for the Definition of the Metre CCDS Comité Consultatif pour la Definition de la Seconde CCE Comité Consultatif d'Electricité CCF Call Control Function (Telekommunikation) CCFL Cold-Cathode Fluorescent Lamp CCIR Comité Consultatif International des Radiocommunications CCITT Comité Consultatif International pour la Télégraphie et le Téléphone CCLD Constant Current Line Drive (Konstantstromversorgung) CCLRC Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils (UK) CCM Comité Consultatif pour la Masse et les Grandeurs Apparantées CCM CORBA Component Model (Telekommunikation) CCPCH Common Control Physical Channel (Telekommunikation) CCPR Comité Consultatif de Photométrie et Radiométrie CCS Common Channel Signaling CCT Cyclic Corrosion Test, zyklischer Korrosionstest CCTV Closed Circuit Television CCV Control-Configured Vehicle (Flugzeug) CCVC Capacitively Coupled Voltage Contrast CCW counterclockwise CCXML Call Control Extensible Markup Language (Telekommunikation) CD Chromatic Dispersion (Glasfaser) CD Compact Disc CDA (Dateinamenerweiterung: CD-Titel auf Musik-CD) CDC Cell Division Cycle CDC Center for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA, USA) CDC China Development Corporation (Taiwan) CDC Control Data Corporation CDDI Copper Distributed Data Interface CDE Common Desktop Environment CDE Component Development Environment (Telekommunikation) CDF Channel Definition Format CDF Collider Detector at Fermilab CDF Cumulative Density Function CDG Carl-Duisberg-Gesellschaft CDG Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation CDH Completely Detached H-Regime (Fusionsreaktortechnik) CD-I Compact Disc-Interactive CDK Cyclin Dependent Kinase (Medizin) CDM Clean Development Mechanism (Umweltschutz) CDM Code Division Multiplex(ing) CDM Cold Dark Matter (Kosmologie) CDMA Code Division Multiple Access (Mobilfunk) CDMS Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (Astrophysik, USA) CDN Content Delivery (or: Distribution) Network (Telekommunikation) cDNA Complementary DNA CDP Code Domain Power (Telekommunikation) CdPNo Called Party Number CDR Call Data Record (Telekommunikation) CDR Clock Division Recovery (Telekommunikation) CDR (Dateinamenerweiterung: Corel Draw-Graphikdatei) CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory CDS Chromatography Data System CDS Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (an Bord von SOHO) CDS Crosspoint Development System CDV Cell Delay Variation CDVT Cell Delay Variation Tolerance CE Circuit Emulation (Telekommunikation) CE Communauté (or: Conformité) Européenne CE Customer Edge (Telekommunikation) CE Kapillarelektrophorese CEA Center for Extreme Ultraviolet Astrophysics (Berkeley, CA, USA) CEA Commisariat à l'Energie Atomique (Fontenay aux roses, Frankreich) CEAS Confederation of European Aerospace Societies CEBAF Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, USA) CeBIT Centrum für Büro- und Informationstechnik (Messe, Hannover) CEC Commission of the European Communities CEC Countries of Central Europe (ehem. Ostblockländer) CECS Center for Energy and Climate Solutions (Annadale, VA, USA) CEEES Committee of European Environmental Engineering Societies (am ICT, Pfinztal) CEET Clean and Efficient Energy Technologies CEI Central European Initiative CEIC Committee on Electronic Information and Communication CELIAS Charge, Element and Isotope Analyses System (an Bord von SOHO) CELP Code-Excited Linear Prediction CEM Channel Electron Multiplier CEMA Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association CEN Centre d'études nucléaires (Bordeuax-Gradignan, Frankreich) CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation [European Committee for Standardization, Europäisches Komitee for Normung] CENELEC Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique CeNS Center for NanoScience (LMU, München) CEO Chief Executive Officer CEOCT Confocal Enhanced Optical Coherence Tomography CEPI Confocal Fabry-Perot Interferometer CEPT Conférence Européenne des Postes et (des) Télécommunications CEREQ Centre d'Etude de Recherche sur les Qualifications CERES Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) CERN Conseil Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire (jetzt: Organisation Européenne ...) CERRO Central European Regional Research Organization CERT Computer Emergency Response Team CES Cambridge Engineering Selector [Database] (UK) CES Circuit Emulation Services CESRA Community of European Solar Astronomers CEST C Expert System Tools CETA Center of Excellence for Advanced Technology CETHEDEC Centre d'études théoriques de la détection et des communications (France) CETIM Centre technique des industries mécaniques (France) CF Cystische Fibrose (Mukoviszidose) C&F Cost and Freight (Handelsverkehr) CFC Carbon Fiber Reinforced Carbon CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics, scherzhaft auch: Colorful Fluid Dynamics CFFL Columbus Free Flying Laboratory (Raumfahrt) CFG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Konfigurationsdatei) CFHT Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (Mauna Kea) CFI Canada Foundation for Innovation (Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) CFL CAD Framework Laboratory CFO Chief Financial Officer CFP Contention Free Period (Telekommunikation) CFRP Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Plastic CFV Call for Votes (Rechnernetz) CG Charging Gateway CGA Color Graphics Adapter CGD Coplaner Grid Detector CGE Compagnie Générale d'Electricité CGI Common Gateway Interface (Telekommunikation) CGIAR Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research CGM Computer Graphics Metafile (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) CGMS Copy Generation Management System CGPM Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures CGRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory cgs Centimeter - Gramm - Sekunde (Maßsystem) CGS Continuous Grain Silicon (Halbleitertechnologie) CGS Corporate GSM Server (Telekommunikation) CH Switzerland (im Internet) CHARM CERN, Hamburg, Amsterdam, Rom, Moskau (Kernphysik-Kollaboration) CHARM Comprehensive Human Animation Resource Model CHC Chlorinated Hydrocarbon CHDM Cold + Hot Dark Matter (Kosmologie) CHE Centrum für Hochschulentwicklung (Gütersloh) CHEMFET [FET mit chemischem Sensor als Gate-Elektrode] CHEOPS Chemistry of Ozone in the Polar Stratosphere CHF Congestive Heart Failure (Herzinsuffizienz) CHILIAS Children's Library - Information - Animation - Skills CHMM Call Handling MultiMedia (Telekommunikation) CHORUS CERN Hybrid Oscillation Research Apparatus CI Chemical Ionisation (Massenspektrometer) CIA Central Intelligence Agency (oberste US-Geheimdienstbehörde) CIC Center for International Cooperation (Bonn) CIC Conseil Internationale de la Chasse et de la Conservation du Gibier CICQ Combined Input and Central Queuing (Telekommunikation) CICS Customer Information Control System (Telekommunikation) CID Carrier Internetworking Division (Telekommunikation) CID Charge-Injection Device CID Collision-Induced Dissociation CIDL Configuration Item Data List (Telekommunikation) CIDR Classless Interdomain Routing (Internet) CIE Commission Internationale d'Eclairage CIESIN Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network CIF Common Intermediate Format (Datennetz) C.I.F. Cost, Insurance, Freight (Handelsverkehr) CIG Cell Interconnection Gateway (Datennetz) CIGS Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide CIM Computer-integrated manufacturing CIM Corporate Information Management (USA) CIME Computer Integrated Manufacturing and Engineering CIMSS Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (VPI & SU, Blacksburg, VA, USA) CIOQ Combined Input- and Output-Queued (Telekommunikation) CIP3 International Cooperation for Integration of Prepress, Press and Postpress (Druckindustrie) CIPM Comité International des Poids et Mésures CIPT Computer Integrated Public Transportation CIR Carrier to Interference Ratio (Telekommunikation) CIR Channel Impulse Response CIR Circle (US Mail) CIR Committed Information Rate (Datennetz) CIR Computer Integrated Railroading CIR Cylindrical Internal Reflection (ATR-Technik) CIS Card Information Structure CIS Commonwealth (or: Confederation) of Independent States (= GUS) CIS Compensated Image System (adaptive Optik) CIS Kupferindiumdiselenid, Copper Indium Selenide CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer CISL Contractual Index and Status List (Telekommunikation) CISM [International Centre for Mechanical Sciences], Udine, Italien CISPR (International Special Committee on Radio Interference) CIST [Moskau-Fraunhofer] Institut für Chemische Technologie Pfinztal CITEL InterAmerican Telecom Commission (Telekommunikation) CITES Convention of the International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (Internationale Übereinkunft zum Handel mit bedrohten Arten) CIVA Charge-Induced Voltage Alteration CJD Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease CJK Creutzfeld-Jakob-Krankheit CK Clock (Telekommunikation) CKW chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe Cl. Classification (Patentliteratur) CL Connectionless (Internet) CL Controlled Load CLDC Connected Limited Device Configuration C.L.E. Club zur ländlichen Elektrifizierung CLE Customer Located Edge (Telekommunikation) CLEC Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) CLEO Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics CLEOPATRA Cloud Experiment Oberpfaffenhofen and Transport CLFA Coopération Laser Franco-Allemande CLI Calling Line Identification (Telekommunikation) CLI Command Line Interface (Telekommunikation) CLIC CERN Linear Collider CLIP Calling Line Identification Presentation (Telekommunikation) CLORA Club des Organismes de Recherche Associés (Frankreich) CLOS Common LISP Object System CLP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) CLR Connection Loudness Rating (Telephon) CLS Call Server (Telekommunikation) CLS Canadian Light Source (Synchrotron-Strahlungsquelle am CFI) CLS Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope CLSM Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscope CL20 Hexanitro-Isowurtzitan (Sprengstoff) CMAC Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Computer CMAM [Fraunhofer-] Center for Manufacturing and Advanced Materials (Newark, DE, USA) CMB [Fraunhofer-] Center for Molecular Biotechnology (Newark, DE, USA) CMB Cosmic Microwave Background CMC Carboxymethylcellulose CMD Condensed Matter Division (der EPS) CME Coronal Mass Ejection (Astrophysik) CMEM [International] Conference on Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements CMIP Common Management Information Protocol (Telekommunikation) CMIS Common Management Information Services (Telekommunikation) CMISE Common Management Information Services (or: System) Element (Telekommunikation) CML Chemical Markup Language CML Current Mode Logic (Schaltungstechnik) CMM Capability Maturity Model CMM Chassis Management Modulus CMM Coordinate Measuring Machine CMN Cerous Magnesium Nitrate (Temperaturnormal) CMOS Capacity-Coupled Metal-Oxide Silicon Device CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (Feldeffekt-Transistor) CMP Chemical-Mechanical Polishing CMR Colossal Magnetoresistance CMRR Common-Mode Rejection Ratio CMS Cambridge Materials Selector [Database] (UK) CMS Cluster Management System (Telekommunikation) CMS Compact Muon Solenoid (CERN) CMS Condensed Matter Science CMS Content-Management System (Wissensmanagement) CMS Corporate Mobile Server (Telekommunikation) CMT Criticality Management Tool CMTS Cable Modem Termination System (Telekommunikation) CMU Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA, USA) C/N Carrier-to-Noise [Ratio] CN Core Network (Telekommunikation) CNAM Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (Paris) CNC Computer Numerical Control (Werkzeugmaschinen) CNEL Community Noise Equivalent Level CNES Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (Frankreich) CNET Centre National d'Etudes des Télécommunications CNM Customer Network Management (Telekommunikation) CNR Carrier-to-Noise Ratio CNR National Research Council (Kanada) CNRS Centre national de la recherche scientifique (Frankreich) CNS Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (Frankreich) CNS Communication, Navigation, Surveillance CNS Conseil nationale de la science (Frankreich) CNT Carbon Nano Tube CO Central Office (Rechnernetze) CO Colorado (US-Staat) CO Connection-Oriented (Internet) COB Chip-On-Board COBE Cosmic Background Explorer (Satellit) COBOL Common Business-Oriented Language (Programmiersprache) CoBRA Computerized Bibliographic Record Actions COCOM Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls COCOSDA International Coordinating Committee on Speech Databases and Speech I/O Systems Assessment CODAC Cosmic Dust Aggregation Experiment CoDAS Condensed Matter Direct Alerting Service (Datenbank) CODATA Committee on Data for Science and Technology (seit 1966) CODEST Committee for the Development of European Science and Technology COE Center of Excellence COEHC Coalition on Effective Hearing Conservation (USA) COF Columbus Orbit Facility (Weltraumlabor) COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex(ing) COIL Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser COLTRIMS Cold Target Recoil Momentum Spectroscopy com [Commercial Organization] (Internet, USA) COM Committee on Minorities in Physics (APS) COM Component Object Model COM (Dateinamenerweiterung: ausführbares Programm) COMET C++ OSI Management Extended Toolchain COMETT Community Program for Education and Training in Technology COMPENDEX Computerized Engineering Index (Datenbank) COMPTEL Imaging Compton Telescope COMSAT Communications Satellite Corporation (USA) COMSEC Communications Security ConCap Constant Capacitance (Sensorik-Verfahren) CONNFFESSIT Calculation of Non-Newtonian Flow: Finite Elements and Stochastic Simulation Technique COPS Common Open Policy Service (Telekommunikation) CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture (Telekommunikation) CORDIS Community Research and Development Information Service (EU) CoS Class(es) of Service(s) COSEPUP Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (National Academy, USA) COSINE Cooperation for Open Systems Interconnection in Europe COSPAR Committee on Space Research COST Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (EC), Coopération Européenne dans la domaine de la recherche scientifique et technique COSTEP Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle (an Bord von SOHO) COSY Cooler Synchrotron (Jülich) COSY Correlation Spectroscopy COTS Components (or: Commercial, or: Commodity) Off-The-Shelf COV Calculus of Variation COVER Covariance Equivalent Realization COX Cyclo-Oxygenase CP Conference Proceedings (NASA etc.) CP Connection Performer CP Content Provider (Telekommunikation) CP Contention Period (Telekommunikation) CP Customer Premises (Rechnernetz) CPA Chirped Pulse Amplification (optische Pulskompression) CPAN Comprehensive Perl Archive Network CPB Constant Percentage Bandwidth (Frequenzanalyse) CPC Collaborative Product Commerce CPCT Center for Photoinduced Charge Transfer (Rochester, NY, USA) CPE Common Phase Error (Telekommunikation) CPE Customer Premises Equipment (Internet) CPG Computational Physics Group (EPS) CPICH Common Pilot Channel (Telekommunikation) CPL Call Processing Language (Telekommunikation) CPM Cathode Pulse Memory CPN Customer Premises Network (Rechnernetz) CPS Chinese Physical Society CPS The Czech Physial Society CPT Charge, Parity, Time (Invarianz gegen ...umkehr) CPU Central Processing Unit (Computer) CPVS Central Payload Video System CPX Control Panel Extension CR Cell Relay (Telekommunikation) CR Cosmic Rays CRADA Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (or: Award) [with private companies] (USA, staatl. Förderungsprogramm) CRAFT Cooperative Research Action For Technology (EU) CRC Collaborative Research Centre (DFG) CRC Corporate Research Center CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check (Telekommunikation) CRCG [Fraunhofer-] Center for Research in Computer Graphics (Providence, RI, USA) CRDF Civilian Research and Development Foundation (USA) CRESST Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers CREST Comité de la recherche scientifique et technique (EU) CRG Collaborating Research Group CRH Corticotropin-Releasing Hormon CRIS Center for Research on Innovation and Society (Santa Barbara, CA, USA, und Berlin) CRM Certified Reference Material CRM Customer Relations Management (Telekommunikation) CRN Committee of a Regulatory Nature (EU) CroBIT Cross Border Information Technology CRP C-reaktives Protein CRSQA Council for Refractive Surgery Quality Assurance (Augenchirurgie, USA) CRT Cathode Ray Tube CRT Conformal Radio Therapy CRT Cosmic-Ray-Tracking Project CRV Crew Return Vehicle (Raumfahrt) CR/W Controller Read/Write CRYRING Cryebis Storage Ring (Stockholm) CS Call Server (Telekommunikation) CS Circuit-Switched (Telekommunikation) CS Communications Satellite CSAR Cryogenic Solar Absolute Radiometer CSB Charge Symmetry Breaking (Elementarteilchenphysik) CSBU Communication Services Business Unit (Telekommunikation) CSCC Concurrent Supercomputing Consortium (USA) CSCF Call State Control Function (Telekommunikation) CSCS/SCSC Swiss Centre for Scientific Computing CSCL Computer-Supported Cooperative Learning CSCW Computer Supported Cooperative Working CSD Chemical Solution Deposition CSDP Customer Specific Development Process CSELT Centro studi e laboratori telecomunicazioni (Italien) CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique (Zürich) CSI Control-Structure Interaction CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (Südafrika) CSIS Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, DC, USA) CSLI Center for the Study of Language and Information (Stanford, CA, USA) CSLP (Fraunhofer-)Center for Surface and Laser Proceessing (Peoria, IL, USA) CSM Central Strength Member (Rechnernetz) CSM Communication Session Manager CSM Component and Supplier Management CSM Connection Session Management CSM Customer Service Management (Telekommunikation) CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (Datennetze) CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (Datennetze) CSN Circuit Switched Network (Telekommunikation) CSP Chip-Scale Package (gedruckte Schaltung) CSPF Constraint Shortest Path First (Telekommunikation) CSR Cell Switch Router (Telekommunikation) CSR Customer Service Representatives (Telekommunikation) CSS Cascading Style Sheets CSS Content Scramble System CSTA Computer Supported Telecommunication(s) (or: Telephony) Application (Telekommunikation) CSTI Civil Space Technology Initiative (NASA) CSU Colorado State University (USA) CSV Comma Separated Value CSVE Chinese Society for Vibration Engineering CSW Core Switch CSWP Committee on the Status of Women in Physics (APS) CT Computed Tomography, Computer-Tomographie (Röntgentechnik) CT Connecticut (US-Staat) CT Cordless Telecommunications CT Court (US Mail) CTAN Comprehensive TeX Archive Network CTB Composite Triple Beat (Verzerrung 3. Ordnung) CTBT Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (Atomwaffenteststoppvertrag 1996) CTBTO Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organisation (Wien) CTC Crew Training Complex (DLR, Köln, Porz-Wahnheide) CTE Coefficient of Thermal Expansion CTH Chalmers Tekniske Högskola (Göteborg, Schweden) CTI Colour Transient Improvement (Kontourverbesserung beim TV-Bild) CTI Computer-Telephony Integration (Telekommunikation) CTI Computer Telephony Interface (Telekommunikation) CTI Critical Technologies Institute (USA) CTIO Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (Chile) CTIR Center for Intelligent Transportation Research (Ohio State University) CTO Chief Technical Officer CTP Computer-to-Plate, Computer-to-Press, Computer-to-Paper (Drucktechnik) CTP Cytisintriphosphat CTR Center (US Mail) CTR Common Technical Regulation(s) CTRANC Crosstalk-Resistant Adaptive Noise Canceller CTS Concept to Speech (Sprachsynthese) CTU Control Tower Unit CTV Crew Transfer Vehicle (Raumfahrt) CU Central Unit CU Control Unit CUF Channel Utilization Factor CUG Closed User Group (Telekommunikation) CUL Computer-unterstütztes Lernen CUNY City University of New York CUPLE Comprehensive Unified Physics Learning Environment Cuspea China-US Physics Examination and Application Program CUTCP Clarkson University-TCP (Rechnernetz) CUTE Clarkson University Terminal Emulator (Rechnernetz) CV Cartellverband [der Katholischen Deutschen Studentenverbindungen] CVC Common Vision Concept CVCP Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals (UK) CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition CVE Collaborative Virtual Environment CVT Continuously Variable Transmission (Getriebe) CW Clockwise CW Continuous Wave CWDM Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (Telekommunikation) CXO Chandra X-Ray Observatory (Röntgensatellit) C3 Command, Control and Communication (System) C3 Cleaved-Coupled Cavity (Laser) C3I Command, Control, Communications, Intelligence (Militärisch)

D

DAAD Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst e.V. DAAK Deutsch-Amerikanisches Akademisches Konzil DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter DACH Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle Chemie GmbH DAF Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Familientherapie DAGA Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Akustik DAGV Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Vakuum DAHC Deutschsprachiges Apple-Hochschul-Consortium DAI Deutsches Archäologisches Institut (Bonn) DAI Distributed Artificial Intelligence DAL Deutscher Arbeitsring für Lärmbekämpfung e.V. DAM Deutsche Akademie für Metrologie (München) DAMA Dark Matter Search (Astrophysik, Gran Sasso-Labor, Italien) DAMA Demand Assignment (or: Assigned) Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) DAMOP Division of Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (APS) D-AMPS Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System (Telekommunikation) DANA Data Application Network Adapter DAP Deutsches Akkreditierungssystem Prüfwesen (Normungsarbeit) DAR Deutscher Akkreditierungsrat (Normungsarbeit) DARA Deutsche Agentur für Raumfahrtangelegenheiten GmbH (1989-1997) DARC Data Radio Channel DARHT Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic (Test) Facility (Los Alamos, NM, USA) DARPA Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (USA) DARS Digital Audio Radio Service DART Data Acquisition in Real Time Darwin Detection and Analysis of Remote Worlds by Interferometric Nulling DAS Dansk Akustisk Selskab DAS Distributed Antenna Systems (Telekommunikation) DASI Degree Angular Scale Interferometer DASMIN Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle Mineralöl DAST Drones for Aerodynamic and Structural Testing (NASA, Flugzeug) DAT Digital Audio Tape DATech Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle Technik DAtF Deutsches Atomforum DAVIC Digital Audiovisual Council DAWS Digital Advanced Wireless Services (Telekommunikation) DB Data Base dB Dezibel DB Diffusion Boarding DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (Telekommunikation) DBF (Dateinamenerweiterung: dBase Datenbank-Datei) DBF Distributed Feedback (Laser) DBG Deutsche Bunsengesellschaft für Physikalische Chemie DBI Deutsches Bibliotheksinstitut (Berlin) DBM Deutsches Bergbau-Museum (Bochum) DBM Double Beam Modulation DBMS Database Management System (Telekommunikation) DBP Division of Biological Physics (APS) DBR Distributed Bragg Reflector (Laser) DBS Direct Broadcast(ing) (by) Satellite DC Developing Countries DC Digital Concentrator (Telekommunikation) DC Direct Current (Gleichstrom) DC District of Columbia (US-Staat) DC Dünnschichtchromatographie DCC Digital Compact Cassette DCE Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment (Telekommunikation) DCE Data Communications Equipment DCE Distributed Computing Environment DCF Dispersion Compensating Fiber (Glasfaser) DCF Distributed Coordination Function (Telekommunikation) DCG Dispersion-Compensating Grating (optische Telekommunikation) DCH Dedicated Channel (Telekommunikation) DCM Dispersion Compensation Module (Telekommunikation) DCMP Division of Condensed Matter Physics (APS) DCN Data Communication Network (Telekommunikation) DCOM Distributed Component Object Model DCOMP Division of Computational Physics (APS) DCP Division of Chemical Physics (APS) DCPN Domestic Customer Premises Network DCS Digital Crossconnect (or: Communication) System (Telekommunikation) DCS Distributed Control System DCT Disrete Cosine Transform DCU Data Capture Utility DDB Die Deutsche Bibliothek DDCE Dolby Digital Consumer Encoder DDD Directly Doubled Diode (Laser) DDE Dynamic Data Exchange DDEC Data-Driven Echo Canceller DDGI Deutscher Dachverband für Geo-Information DDK Dialog Development Kit ddI Didesoxyinosin DDI Direct Dialing-In (Telephon) DDM Differential Depth Modulation DDN Defense Data Network (USA) DDoS Distributed Denial-of-Service (Telekommunikation) DDR Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDS Direct Digital Synthesis (I/O Board) DDT Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan DDV Deutscher Dart-Verband DE Delaware (US-Staat) DE Discard Eligibility (Telekommunikation) DE Germany (im Internet) DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chemisches Apparatewesen, chemische Technik und Biotechnologie e.V. DECT Digital Enhanced (früher: European) Cordless Telecommunication (or: Telephone) DEDIG Deutsche EDI-Gesellschaft e.V. DEE Daten-Endeinrichtung (Telekommunikation) DEGA Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V. DEGREE Diversity Effects in Grassland Ecosystems of Europe DEI Diffraction-Enhanced Imaging DEKITZ Deutsche Koordinierungsstelle für IT-Normenkonformitätsprüfung und -zertifizierung DELTA Dortmunder Elektronen Testspeicherring Anlage DE-NIC Network Information Center für Deutschland (Karlsruhe) DERA Defense Evaluation & Research Agency (MOD, GB) DES Data Encryption Standard (or: System) DES Department of Electrical Science (NPL, UK) DES Diethylstilbestrol (Östrogen-Derivat) DESY Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (Hamburg) DEZ Diethylzink (-Verfahren zur Papierkonservierung) DFA Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie (Garching) DFB Distributed Feedback (Laser) DFD Data Flow Diagram DFD Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum (Oberpfaffenhofen) DFD Division of Fluid Dynamics (APS) DFE Digital Front End (Telekommunikation) DFF Deutscher Fernsehfunk (DDR) DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFH Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Hubschrauber und Vertikalflugtechnik DFI Diabetes-Forschungsinstitut (Düsseldorf) DFJW Deutsch-Französisches Jugendwerk DFKI Deutsches Forschungszentrum für künstliche Intelligenz (Saarbrücken) DFL Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luftfahrt (Braunschweig, 1936) Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (Braunschweig, 1962) DFN Deutsches Forschungsnetz (Datennetz) DFS Dansk Fysisk Selskap DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection (Telekommunikation) DFT Discrete Fourier Transform, diskrete Fouriertransformation DFÜ Datenfernübertragung DFVLR Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (1969-1989, danach: DLR) DFWM Degenerate Four Wave Mixing (Entartete Vier-Wellen-Mischung) DGaO Deutsche Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik DGE Dynamic Gain-Equalizer (optische Telekommunikation) DGF Deutsche Gesellschaft für Flugwissenschaften e.V. (1959) DGfB Deutsche Gesellschaft für Biophysik DGfE Deutsche Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft DGfS Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft DGG Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft DGG Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft e.V. DGHS Deutsche Gesellschaft für humanes Sterben DGK Deutsche Gesellschaft für Kristallographie DGLM Deutsche Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin DGLR Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt DGM Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde e.V. DGMK Deutsche Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft für Erdöl, Erdgas und Kohle e.V. DGMP Deutsche Gesellschaft für Medizinische Physik DGPI Deutsche Gesellschaft für Produktinformationen mbH DGPs Deutsche Gesellschaft für Psychologie DGPS Differential Global Positioning System DGQ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Qualität DGS Deutsche Gebärdensprache DGS Deutsche Gesellschaft für Soziologie DGW Data Gateway DGWK Deutsche Gesellschaft für Warenkennzeichnung mbH DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Telekommunikation) DHF Deformed Helix Ferroelectrics DHN Digital Home Network DHS Demographic and Health Surveys DHS Department of Homeland Security (USA, seit 2002) DHTML Dynamic HTML DHU Data Handling Unit (Telekommunikation) DHV Deutscher Hochschulverband e.V. DIAL Differential Absorption Lidar DIANE Direct Information Access Network for Europe DIB Deutsches Institut für Betriebswirtschaft DIBS Digital In-Band Broadcasting System DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine DID Direct Inward Dialing (Telephon) DIF Data Interchange Format DIfE Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung (Potsdam) DIFF Deutsches Institut für Fernstudien (Tübingen) DiffServ Differentiated Services DIHT Deutscher Industrie- und Handelstag DIII Doublet III (Fusionsreaktortechnik, General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA) DIII-D Doublet III-D (Fusionsreaktortechnik, General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA) DIL Dual In-Line (Telekommunikation) DIMDI Deutsches Institut für Medizinische Dokumentation und Information DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung DINZERT Deutscher Zertifizierungsrat im DIN DIPF Deutsches Institut für Internationale Pädagogische Forschung (Frankfurt/M) DIPS Distributed Intelligent Piloting System DIRC Detection of Internally Reflected Cherenkov Light DIS Draft International Standard DISO Dual Input - Single Output (Controller, System) DITC Division of Information Technology and Computing (NPL, UK) DITR Deutsches Informationszentrum für technische Regeln Diva Deutsches Interferometer für Vielkanalphotometrie und Astrometrie DIW Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (Berlin) DIY Do it yourself DKD Deutscher Kalibrierdienst DKE Deutsche Elektrotechnische Kommission (im DIN und VDE) DKFI Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz (Saarbrücken) DKFZ Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (Heidelberg) DKG Deutsche Keramische Gesellschaft e.V. DKI Deutsche Kommission für Ingenieurausbildung DKMM Deutsches Komitee für Meeresforschung und Meerestechnik DKRZ Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (Hamburg) DLA Diffusion-Limited Aggregation DLC Data Link Control (or: Connection) [Layer] (DECT) DLC Diamond-like Carbon DLC Digital Loop Carrier (Internet) DLL (Dateinamenerweiterung: Programmdatei) DLL Dynamic Link Library (Telekommunikation) DLP Digital Light Processing DLR Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (ab 1989, früher: DFVLR). Ab 1.10.1997: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. DLS Direct Access Logging System (Sprachaufzeichnungssystem, Philips) DLS Dynamic Light Scattering, dynamische Lichtstreuung DLU Digital Line Unit DLV Digital Light Valve DM Data Manager DM Deutsches Museum (München) DMA Direct Memory Access DMCA Digital Millenium Copyright Act (USA 1998) DMD Digital Micromirror Device DME Distance Measuring Equipment DMFC Direct Methanol Fuel Cell DMFT Dynamic Mean Field Theory (Festkörperphysik) DMG Deutsche Meteorologische Gesellschaft DMG Deutsche Mineralogische Gesellschaft e.V. DMLS Direct Metal Laser-Sintering DMM Digital-Multimeter DMO Direct Mode Operation (Telekommunikation) DMOM Division of Mechanical and Optical Metrology (NPL, UK) DMP Division of Materials Physics (APS) DMS Datenmanagementsystem (Fernerkundung) DMS Digital Moiré Subtraction (Metrologie) DMS Direct Measurement System DMS Document Management System (Wissensmanagement) DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide DMT Discrete Multi-Tone (Leitungscode, Mehrfach-Träger-Modulation) DMT Dough Moulding Compound DMU Digital Mock-Up (Telekommunikation) DMU Display and Metering Unit DMV Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung e.V. DMX Distributed Media Exchange (Telekommunikation) DNA Desoxyribonucleic acid DNA Distributed Internet Architecture DNI Day-Night-Level (Lärmpegel) DNK Deutsches Nationales Komitee für IUPAP DNS Data Network System (Telekommunikation) DNS Desoxyribonucleinsäure DNS Domain Name Service (or: System, or: Server) (Telekommunikation) DNT Dinitrotoluol DNW Deutsch-Niederländischer Windkanal (bei Emmeloord, NL, 1980) DOAS Differentielle optische Absorptionsspektroskopie, Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy Dobson-Unit 2,7 × 1016 Moleküle/cm3 DOC (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft-Word-Dokument) DOC Dissolved Organic Carbon DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (Telekommunikation) DOD Department of Defense (USA) DOE Department of Energy (USA) DoE Design of Experiments DOE Diffractive Optical Element DOES differentielle optische Absorptionsspektroskopie DOF Degree-of-Freedom DOI Digital Object Identifier (Literatursuche im www) DOK Deutsches Optisches Komitee DOP Degree of Polarization (Glasfaser) DOPA l-Dihydroxyphenylalanin DORIS Doppel-Ring-Speicher (DESY) DORIS Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositoning Integrated by Satellite (ENVISAT) DoS Denial-of-Service (Telekommunikation) DOS Deutsche Offenlegungsschrift (Patent) DOS Digital Optical Switch (Telekommunikation) DOS Disk Operating System DOT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Word-Dokumentenvorlage) DoV Data over Voice DP Drop Procedure DPA Demand Priority Access (Datennetze, AT&T und HP) D-PAF Deutsche Processing and Archiving Facility (Fernerkundung) DPCM Differential Pulse Code Modulation DPE Distributed Processing Environment (Telekommunikation) DPF Distributed Packet Filtering (Telekommunikation) DPG Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft DPI Drittes Physikalisches Institut [der Universität Göttingen] DPhV Deutscher Philologenverband DPMA Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt DPNS Digital Private Networking System (Telekommunikation) DPOLY Division of Polymer Physics (APS) DPSK Differential Phase-Shift Key DPSS(L) Diode-Pumped Solid State (Laser) DPZ Deutsches Primatenzentrum (Göttingen) DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Basis (or: Bus) DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) DQS Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Zertifizierung von Qualitätsmanagementsystemen mbH DR dielektronische Rekombination DR Drive (US Mail) DRA Defence Research Agency (UK) DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory DRAW Development of Design Tools for Reduced Aerodynamic Noise WindTurbines (EU-Forschungsprojekt) DR-DOS Digital Research DOS DRET Direction des Recherches, Etudes et Techniques DRG Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft, Gesellschaft für medizinische Radiologie, Strahlenbiologie und Nuklearmedizin e.V. DRIC Defence Research Information Centre (Orpington, Kent, UK) DRIVE Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle Safety in Europe DRM Digital Rights Management (Telekommunikation) DRO Dielectric Resonance Oscillator DRO Digital Read Out Dr. rer. nat. Doctor rerum naturalium DRS Daten-Relaissatellit DRV (Dateinamenerweiterung: Treiberdatei) DRW (Dateinamenerweiterung: Micrografx Designer-Graphikdatei) DS Differentiated Services (Telekommunikation) DSA Digital Signature Algorithm DSAU Digital Subscriber Access Unit (Telekommunikation) DSB Digital Sound Broadcasting DS-CDMA Direct Sequence CDMA (Telekommunikation) DSC Digital System Controller DSCH Downlink Shared Channel (Telekommunikation) DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point (Telekommunikation) DSCS Defense Satellite Communications System (USA) DSE Design Support Environment DSF Dispersion Shifted Fiber (Glasfaser) DSGV Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband DSIR Department of Sientific and Industrial Research (UK) DSKLR Dreiachsiges Strapdown Kurs-Lage-Referenzsystem DSL Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation) DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) DSM Deutsches Schiffahrtsmuseum (Bremerhaven) DSM Distributed System Management DSO Digital Sampling Oscilloscope DSO Digital Storage Oscilloscope DSP Data Service Profile (Telekommunikation) DSP Defense Support Program (USA) DSP Digital Signal Processor (or: Processing) DSR Differential Spectral Responsivity DSR Digital Satellite Radio; Digitaler Satellitenrundfunk DSR Distributed Speech Recognition DSS Digital Signature Standard DSS Digital Speaker System (Lautsprecher) DS-SS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DST Dispersion Supported Transmission (Telekommunikation) DSTO Defence Science and Technology Organization (Australien) DSU Digital Service Unit DSW Deutsche Stifung Weltbevölkerung DS-Wert durchschnittlicher Substitutionsgrad DT Data Terminal DTA Deutsche Technische Akademie (Helmstedt) DTAB Demountable TAB DTC Direct Torque Control (Elektroantrieb) DTD Document Type Definition DTE Data Terminal Equipment (Telekommunikation) DTH Direct to Home (Satellitenfernsehen) DTI Department of Trade and Industry (UK) DTI Display Technology Incorporated (Zusammenschluss von IBM und Toshiba zur Produktion von Flachbildschirmen) DTM Device Type Manager (Feldbussystem) DTMF Dual Tone Multifrequency (Telephon) DTNSRDC David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center DTP Desktop Publishing DTPP Desktop Program Production DTS Distributed Temperature Sensor DTTB Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting (Japan) DTV Digital Television DTW Dynamic Time Warp(ing) DÜE Datenübertragungseinrichtung (Telekommunikation) DÜI Deutsches Übersee-Institut (Hamburg) DUMAND Deep Underwater Myon and Neutrino Detector (bei Hawaii) DUT Device Under Test DUV Deep-Ultraviolet DUZ Deutsche Universitätszeitung DVB Digital Video Broadcast(ing) DVB-T Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcast DVE Digital Video Encoder DVE Distributed Virtual Environment DVD Digital Versatile (or: Video) Disk (CD) DVG Deutsche Vakuumgesellschaft DVL Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt (Berlin-Adlershof, 1912) DVP Distributed Video Production DVPT Deutscher Verband für Post und Telekommunikation DVS Deutscher Verband für Schweißtechnik DVT Deutscher Verband Technisch-Wissenschaftlicher Vereine e.V. DWC Digital Waveform Capture (I/O Board) DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) DXC Digital Cross Connect (Telekommunikation) DXF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Autodesk Autoload-Graphikdatei) DZfCh Deutscher Zentralausschuss für Chemie D2B Domestic Digital Bus (Faseroptik)

E

E-... Electronic ... (-Business, -Commerce, -Economy, -Procurement etc.) EA Electroabsorption EAA European Acoustics Association EADQ [Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Diagnose und Qualitätssteigerung eag (EAG) ether-à-go-go (ein Gen) EAG Europäische Atomgemeinschaft EAI Enterprise Application Integration (Telekommunikation) EAL Evangelische Akademie Loccum EALM Electro-Absorption Laser Modulator (optische Telekommunikation) EAM Electro-Absorption Modulator (Telekommunikation)

EAM Energie-Aktiengesellschaft Mitteldeutschland (früher: Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft Mitteldeutschland) EAN Europäische Artikelnummer (Strichcode) EAP Encyclopedia of Applied Physics EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol (Telekommunikation) EAPS Euro-Asian Physical Society EAR Edge Aggregation Router (Telekommunikation) EARA European Association for Research in Astronomy EARN European Academic Research Network EARTO European Association of Research and Technology (Brüssel) EAS European Astronomical Society EASA European Academic Software Award EASI European Academic Supercomputing Initiative EASInet European Academic Supercomputing Initiative Network EASOE European Arctic Stratospheric Ozone Experiment EB Equivalent Bandwidth (Telekommunikation)

EBI European Bioinformatics Institute (bei Cambridge, UK) EBIT Earnings Before Interest and Tax EBIT Electron Beam Ion Trap EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization

E-BIZ E-Business Innovationszentrum (FhG) EBLIDA European Bureau of Library, Information and Documentation Associations EBN entwicklungsbegleitende Normung EBP Error Back Propagation (Algorithmus) EBR Electronic Batch Record EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBT Electron-Beam Testing EBU European Broadcasting Union EC European Commission ECA European Congress on Acoustics ECC Electrochemical Concentration Cell EC COST European Cooperation in the Field Field of Scientific and Technical Research ECDT Engineering Career Development Team (IEEE) ECE Economic Commission of Europe (UN-Fachorganisation)

ECFA European Committee for Future Accelerators ECFRN European Consulting Forum for Research Networking ECL Emitter Coupled Logic ECM European Crystallographic Meeting ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association ECMP Equal Cost Multipath (Telekommunikation) ECMWF European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (= EZMW) ECOC European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication ECOLE European Collaborative Open Learning Environment ECOPS European Committee on Ocean and Polar Sciences ECOSA European Conference on Optical Systems and Applications

ECOSAE European Consumer Safety Organisation

ECSD Enhanced Circuit Switched Data (Telekommunikation)

ECT Explicit Call Tranfer (Telekommunikation) ECTS European [Community Course] Credit Transfer Scheme (or: System) ECU Electrical Control Unit ECU European Currency Unit ECVAM European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (Bologna, Italien) ED Erektile Dysfunktion EDA Electronic Design Automation EDA Engineering Design Activities (EC) EDC Electronic Diesel Control (Kfz) EDELWEISS Expérience pour Détecter les WIMPs en Site Souterrain EDFA Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (Glasfaser) EDGE Enhanced Datarate(s) for GSM Evolution (Telekommunikation) EDI Electronic Data (or: Document) Interchange EDIF Electronic Design Interchange Format EDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport EDM Electric Dipole Moment (Elementarteilchenphysik) EDNA European Data Network Agency EDP Electronic Data Processing EDS Electronic Differential System (Kfz) EDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer (Cambridge University, 1949) EDT Elektrodynamisches Tether-System EDTA Ethylendiamintetraacetat edu [Educational Organization] (Internet, USA) EDV Elektronische Datenverarbeitung EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (University of Pennsylvania, 1950) EE Equipment Engineering (TC im ETSI) EEA European Environmental Agency EEC European Economic Community EECONET European Ecological Network (Naturschutz)

EEF Erleichterung für Existentzgründungen aus Forschungseinrichtungen (ein Fonds) EEG Elektroenzephalogramm (-graphie) EEIG European Economic Interest Group (in der EU) EELS Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy EEM Electronic Engine Management (Kfz) EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EEROM Electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory EET Energy Efficient Transport (Flugzeug) EF Expedited Forwarding (Telekommunikation) EFA European Fighter Aircraft EFD Event Forwarding Discriminator (Telekommunikation) EFDA (Fusionstechnik-Forschungsinstitut) EFM Ethernet in First Mile (Telekommunikation) EFR Enhanced Full Rate (Vocoder) EFTA European Free Trade Association (N, S, SF, IS, CH, A, FL) EGA Enhanced Graphics Adapter EGA Entwicklungsgesellschaft Adlershof EGF Epidermal Growth Factor

EGK Extended Gate Keeper (Telekommunikation)

EGM Extraordinary General Meeting EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (or: Service) (Satellitennavigation) EGO European Gravitational Observatory (Pisa, Italien) EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol (Telekommunikation) EGPRS Enhanced GPRS EGRET Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope EGS European Geophysical Society EGT European Geographical Technologies EGW Edge Gateway EHB Elly Hölterhoff-Böcking-Stiftung EHEC enterohämorrhagische Escherichia coli EHF Extra High Frequency (30 - 300 GHz) EI Electron Impact (Massenspektrometer) EI Engineering Information (Datenbank, Westbury, NY, USA) EIA Electronics Industries Association EIA Energy Information Administration

EIB European Installation Bus EIB European Investment Bank EIBA European Installation Bus Association EIC Euro Info Centre EICTA European Information and Communication Technology Industry Association EID Electronic Identification of Containers EIR Excessive Information Rate (Telekommunikation) EIRO European Intergovernmental Research Organisations EIRP Effective (or: Equivalent) Isotropic Radiated Power (Satelliten) EIS Environmental Impact Statement EIS Executive Information Service (Telekommunikation)

EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture EISL Effektive isotrope Strahlungsleistung EISS Europäisches Institut für Systemsicherheit EIT Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, elektromagnetisch induzierte Transparenz EIT Elektrische Impedanz-Tomographie EIT Event Information Table (Telekommunikation) EIT Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (an Bord von SOHO) EITC European Information Technology Conference EITO European Information Technology Observatory EJB Enterprie Java Beans (Telekommunikation)

EJMC EUROBALL Joint Management Committee EKA Expositions-Äquivalent für krebserzeugende Arbeitsstoffe EKG Elektrokardiogramm (-graphie) EKGS Europäische Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl EKS [Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Systeme der Kommunikationstechnik (München) EKV siehe VDI-EKV EL Echo Loss (Telekommunikation) EL Electroluminescence, Elektrolumineszenz ELBE Elektronenbeschleuniger hoher Brillanz und geringer Emittanz (FZR, Rossendorf) ELDO European Launcher Development Organization (Raumfahrt) ELEANNE Efficient Learning Algorithm for Neural Networks ELF Extremely Low Frequency (0,3 - 3 kHz) ELFE Electron Laboratory for Europe ELFICOM Elektronische Fachinformation und Kommunikation ELI Eurocell Library and Interfaces ELINT Electronic Intelligence ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ELITE European Laboratory for Intelligent Techniques Engineering (Aachen) ELM Element Layer Management (Telekommunikation) ELM Event and Log Management (Telekommunikation) ELMF European Large Magnetic Field Facility ELN Electronic Lab Notebook ELOG Epitaxially Laterally Overgrown ELS (-Modell) nach Olin Eggen, Donald Lynden-Bell und Allan Sandage (Astronomie)

ELSA Elektron-Stretcher-Anlage ELSI Ethical, Legal, Social Issues E-Mail Electronic Mail E-MAN Ethernet Metropolitan Area Network (Telekommunikation)

EMBASSI Elektronische Multimediale Bedien- und Service-Assistenz EMBI European Molecular Biology Laboratory (Heidelberg) EMBL Europäisches Molkularbiologisches Laboratorium (Heidelberg) EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility (= EMV) EMC European Muon Collaboration EMF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

EMF Electromagnetic Field EMF European Multimedia Forum EMG Elektromyogramm EMI Electromagnetic Interference EMI Ernst-Mach-Institut (Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik, Freiburg) EMIS The European Mathematical Information Service EML Element Management Layer (Telekommunikation) EML European Media Laboratory (Heidelberg)

EMMI ESA Multi-Mode Instrument EMP Electromagnetic Pulse EMPA Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt (Dübendorf, CH) EMPD [International Conference on] Energy Management and Power Delivery EMPS European Mobility Scheme for Physics Students (EPS) EMR Electromagnetic Relay EMR Electron Magnetic Resonance

EMS Electrified Monorail System EMS Element Management System (Internet) EMS Engineering Management System EMS European Mathematical Society EMSL Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (PNNL, USA) EMV Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (= EMC) EMVG Gesetz über die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von Geräten EN Europa-Norm, Europäische Norm (CENELEC) ENAC European Network and Applications Center ENF Equivalent Noise Floor (Telekommunikation) ENI Ethernet Network Interface (Telekommunikation) ENI European Neuroscience Institute ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1945) ENO Essentially Non-Oscillatory (numerische Rechenverfahren) ENS Ecole Normale Supérieure (Paris) ENSO El Niño Southern Oscillation (Klima) ENT Ear, Nose and Throat (= HNO) ENTIRE European Network on Transport Innovation for the Rational Use of Energy ENTRANCE Energy Savings in Transport through Innovation in the Cities of Europe ENVI Environment for Visualizing Images ENVISAT (Europäischer Umweltsatellit, ab 1.3.2002)

ENX European Network Exchange (Telekommunikation)

EO Electro-Optical (Effects) EOAE evozierte otoakustische Emissionen EOF Empirical Orthogonal Function EOF End of File EOG Elektrooculogramm EORTC European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EOS Earth Observing System (or: Satellite) (NASA) EOS Electrical Overstress EOS European Optical Society EOSDIS Earth Observing System Data Information System EOT Energy Optimized Tyre EOTC European Organization for Testing and Certification EOTD Enhanced Observed Time Difference (Telekommunikation) E-OTDR Extended Optical Time Domain Reflectometry EP Europäisches Parlament EPA Environmental Protection Agency (in vielen Ländern) EPA Europäisches Patantamt (München) EPAD Electronically Programmable Analog Device EPAS Electronic Power Assisted Steering (Kfz) EPC Electronic Power Conditioner EPFD Equivalent Power Flux Density (Telekommunikation) EPFL Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPG Electronic Program(ming) Guide (Digital broadcast) EPI Eastern Pacific Investigations of Climate EPI Echo Planar Imaging (MRI) EPIC European Photon Imaging Camera (XMM) EPL Europhysics Letters EPNL Effective Perceived Noise Level EPO European Patent Office (München) EPON Ethernet Passive Optical Network (Telekommunikation) EPOS European PTT Open Learning Service EPR Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(-Paradoxon) EPRINT Electronic Print Server for Research Information on Natural Science and Technology EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EPS (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

EPS Elektropneumatische Schaltung (Kfz) EPS Encapsulated Postscript EPS Eumetsat Polar System EPS European Physical Society EPSRC Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK) EPU End-of-Pipe-Umweltschutz EQEC European Quantum Electronics Conference eQtv Ethernet-Based Qualification TV (?) ER Edge Router (Telekommunikation)

ER Extinction Ratio ERA Eigensystem Realization Algorithm ERA European Research Area ERASMUS European Community Action Scheme for the Mobiliy of University Students ERATO Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology Program (JRDC) ERC European Research Council ERCOFTAC European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combustion

ERDA US Energy Research and Development Administration ERES ESA Rams Expert System (Software) ERF Electrorheological Fluid ERGO European Research Gateways On-Line ERLE Echo Return Loss Enhancement ERM Earth Resource Mapping ERNE Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron Experiment (an Bord von SOHO) ERO European Research Office (der US Army, in London) EROS Earth Resources Observation System ERP Energy Resource Planning ERP Enterprise Resource Planning ERS European Remote Sensing Satellite ERSI Environment and Remote Sensing Institute (Harare, Simbabwe) ERT External Review Committee ERV Earth Return Vehicle (bemannte Raumfahrt) ES Expert System ESA/ASE European Space Agency ESAU Electronic Subscriber Access Unit (Telekommunikation) ESB Environmental Specimen Bank ESCA Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis ESCA European Speech Communication Association ESCON Enterprise Systems Connections (Telekommunikation)

ESCU Enhanced Services Control Unit (Telekommunikation) ESD Electrostatic Discharge ESD Expert System Development ESDA Electronic Systems Design Automation ESF EUREKA Software Factory ESF European Science Foundation (seit 1974) ESG Evangelische Studierenden-Gemeinde ESI Elektronenspray-Ionisation ESK [Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Systeme der Kommunikationstechnik ESL ESA Simulation Language (Software) ES-Laser Eckige-Schraube-Laser E-SMF Enhanced SMF

ESO ESSI Service Organization ESO European Southern Observatory, Europäische Organisation für astronomische Forschung in der südlichen Hemisphäre (Garching) ESOC European Space Operations Centre (Darmstadt) ESOFTA Embedded Software Association ESONE (Committee for) European Studies on Norms for Electronics ESP Electronic Stability Program, elektronisches Stabilitätsprogramm (Kfz) ESP Extrasensory Perception ESPCI Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris ESPI Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry ESPRIT European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information Technology ESR Electrical Substitution Radiometer ESR Electron Spin Resonance, Elektronenspinresonanz ESR Experimentier-Speicher-Ring (bei der GSI, Darmstadt) ESRF European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, Frankreich) ESRIN European Space Research Institute ESRO European Space Research Organization ESS European Spallation Source (Jülich) ESSI European Software and Systems Initiative EST Eastern Standard Time (Zeitzone, USA, GMT-5) EST Expressed Sequence Tags (Genetik) ESTA European Science and Technology Assembly ESTB EGNOS System Test Bed ESTEC European Space Research and Technology Centre (Noordwijk, NL) ESTO European Science and Technology Observatory (EC) ETACS European Total Access Communication System ETAI European Technology Assessment Infrastructue (EC) ETAN European Technology Assessment Network (EC) ETANN Electrically Trainable Artificial Neural Network ETC Executable Test Case (Telekommunikation) ETDM Electric(al) (or: Electronic) Time Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) ETECAL Electronically Tunable External Cavity Laser Diode ETG European Tripartite Group ETH Ethernet

ETH(Z) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (Zürich) ETI Electrotechnology Industry Database ETI European Teraflops Initiative ETS Educational Testing Service (Princeton, NJ, USA) ETS Executable Test Suite (Telekommunikation) ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute (seit 1988) ETW Europäischer Transschall-Windkanal (Köln) EU European Union; Europäische Union EUCAS [Europäische Konferenz zur Angewandten Supraleitung] EUCOR Europäische Konföderation der Oberrheinischen Universitäten EUNET European Unix Network EUPEN European Physics Education Network (EPS) EUPRO European Union of Physics Research Organizations EURAB European Research Advisory Board

EURASIP European Association for Signal Processing EURATOM European Atomic Energy Community EURECA European Retrievable Carrier (europäisches Weltraumlabor) EUREKA European Research Coordination Agency Eurocontrol (Europäische Organisation für die Sicherheit im Flugverkehr) EUROGI European Umbrella Organization for Geo Information EuroHORCs European Union Research Organisations - Heads of Research Councils EUROMAR (Überwachung und Schutz der europäischen Meere) EUROMAT European Congress on Advanced Materials and Processes Euromech European Mechanics Colloquium EUROMET European Collaboration on Measurement Standards, European Metrology Organization EUROSCIENCE A European Association for the Promotion of Science and Technology EUROSOLAR (Europäische Vereinigung für Erneuerbare Energien) EUROTRAC (Erfassung von Schadstoffen in der Troposphäre) EUT Equipment Under Test Eutelsat European Telecommunications Satellite Organization EUV Extremes Ultraviolett (.lambda. .le. 912 Å, Lyman-Kante) EUVL EUV-Lithographie EVA Economic Value Add EUVE Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (Satellit) EVM Error Vector Magnitude (Telekommunikation) EVOH Ethylenvinylalkohol-Copolymer EVPR External Virtual Private Router EVR Eigenvalue Ratio EVS Energieversorgungssystem (Satellit) EVU Energieversorgungsunternehmen (früher: Elektrizitätsversorgungsunternehmen) EWB Einwegbehälter EWR Europäischer Wirtschaftsraum EWSK East-West Station Keeping (Satelliten) EWTF East-West Task Force (EPS) EWvK Entwicklungsgesellschaft für die Wiederverwendung von Kunststoffen EXAFS Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure EXE (Dateinamenerweiterung: ausführbares Programm)

Excimer Excited Dimer (Laser) EXP Experimental EXPY Expressway (US Mail) ExWoSt Experimenteller Wohnungs- und Städtebau EZfM Europäisches Zentrum für Medienkompetenz (Marl) EZMW Europäisches Zentrum für mittelfristige Wettervorhersage (= ECMWF) EZN Erfinderzentrum Norddeutschland EZRT [Fraunhofer-] Entwicklungszentrum Röntgentechnik

F

FA Fachausschuss FA Failure Analysis Fa. Firma FAA Federal Aviation Administration (USA) FAB Fast Atom Bombardment (Massenspektrometer) FACA Federal Advisory Committee Act (USA, 1972) FAD Function Access Domain (Telekommunikation) FAEST Fast A Posteriori Error Sequential Technique (Algorithmus) FAIFC Fast Algorithms in Feedback Control (Algorithmus) FAL Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft (Braunschweig) FAMOS flexible automatisierte Montagesysteme FANPAC Fan Noise Prediction and Control (EU-Forschungsprojekt) FAPS [Lehrstuhl für] Fertigungsautomatisierung und Produktionssystematik (Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg) FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (UN) FAQ Frequently Asked Questions FAS Facility Associated Signaling (Telekommunikation) FAS Federation of American Scientists (seit 1945, gegen Atomwaffen)

FAS Fettalkoholsulfat F.A.S. Free Alongside Ship (Handelsverkehr) FASE Federation of the Acoustical Societies of Europe FASPIS Fast Algorithms Secondary Path Integration Scheme (Algorithmus) FAST Fast Auroral Snapshot (Satellite, USA) FAST Forecasting and Assessment in the Field of Science and Technology FAT File Allocation Table FATSS Fachausschuss Technischer Schall- und Schwingungsschutz (in der DEGA) FAU Florida Atlantic University FAU Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (Nürnberg) FAW Flexible Automatisierte Waferproduktion FAX Facsimile, Faksimile FAZ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung FB Fachbereich FB Function Block (Telekommunikation)

FBA Fair Buffer Allocation (Telekommunikation)

FBG Fiber Bragg Grating (Glasfaser) fBGF Fibroblast Growth Factor FBH Ferdinand-Braun-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik (Berlin) FBNML Francis Bitter National Magnet Laboratory (MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA) FBP Fast Back Propagation (Algorithmus) FBR Fachbereichsrat FBR Forschungsberichte Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Datenbank) FBW Fly by Wire (Flugzeugsteuerung) FC Fuel Cell (= BZ, Brennstoffzelle) FCA Fixed Capacity Agreement (Telekommunikation)

FCAPS Fault Configuration, Accounting, Performance and Security FCC Federal Communication(s) Commission (USA) FCCC Framework Convention on Climate Change (UN) FCCSET Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and Technology (USA) FCD Floating Car Data (für Verkehrslenkungssystem) FCKW Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoff FCS Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy FCS Frame Check Sequence (Telekommunikation) FCT Fixed Cellular Terminal (Telekommunikation) FDA Food and Drug Administration (USA) FDC Floppy-Disk-Controller FDD Frequency Division Duplex (Telekommunikation) FDD Frequency Domain Decomposition FDDI Fiber Distributed (or: Digital) Data Interface FDEM Frequency Dependent Electromagnetic Sensor FDIP Fieldbus Device Implementation Package FDL Fiber Delay Line FDL Flight Dynamics Laboratory FDM Finite Difference Method FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access FDP Freie Demokratische Partei FDR Final Design Report FDRQ Floppycontroller-Data-Request FDT Fieldbus Device Tool FE Fast Ethernet (Telekommunikation) FEA Field Emitter Array (Bildwandler) FEAT Fusion Energy Advanced Tokamak (feat auch engl. "Meisterstück'') FEC Fest-Elektrolyt-Coulometrie FEC Forward Error-Correction (Datenübertragung) FEC Forwarding Equivalence Class (Telekommunikation) FECC Forward Error Correcting Code (Telekommunikation)

FED Field-Emission Display FED Forum on Education (APS)

FEG Field Emission Gun FEIS Final Environmental Impact Statement FEL Free Electron Laser, Freie-Elektronen-Laser FELASOFI Federation of Latin American Physical Societies FELI Free Electron Laser Research Institute (Osaka, Japan) FEM Finite Element Method FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency (USA) FEP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Elektronenstrahl- und Plasmaphysik FER Frame Erasure Rate (Telekommunikation)

FER Fusion Experimental Reactor (Naka, Japan) FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (USA) FERP Faculty Early Retirement Program (California State University) FESAC Fusion Energy Science Advisory Committee (DoE, USA) FET Field Effect Transistor, Feldeffekttransistor FE-TEM Field Emission TEM FEWS Fibre-Optic Evanescent Wave Sensing FF Foundation Fieldbus FF&P Falsification, Fabrication of Results, Plagiarism (Fälschung und Täuschung in der Wissenschaft) FFR&DC Federally Funded Research and Development Centers FFT Fast Fourier Transform FFTB Final Focus Test Beam (SLAC) FG Fachgremium (z. B. DPG) FGDC Federal Geographic Data Committeee (USA) FGF Fibroblast Growth Factor, Fibroblasten-Wachstumsfaktor FGK Forschungsgesellschaft Kunststoffe FGM Functionally Gradient Material (Keramik/Metall) FGSA Forum on Graduate Student Affairs (APS)

FH Fachhochschule FhAZ Fraunhofer-Anwendungszentrum FHD Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (Waferfertigung) FhG Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft FhM Fraunhofer-Management-Gesellschaft mbH FHP Forum on History of Physics (APS)

FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (Telekommunikation) FHT Fachhochschule für Technik (Esslingen) FHT Fast Hartley Transform FHTW Fachhochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft (Berlin) FhV-.mu.E Fraunhofer-Verbund Mikroelektronik FIA Federacion Iberoamericana de Acustica FIA Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (Genf, Schweiz) FIA Fibreoptic Industry Association (UK) FIA Fließinjektionsanlage (Mikrosystemtechnik) FIAP Forum on Industrial and Applied Physics (APS, USA) FIB Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Institut für Experimentelle Biologie und Medizin FIBAA Foundation for International Business Administration Accredititation FIBS First International Backgammon Server (Rechnernetz) FICON Fiber Channel Connection (optische Telekommunikation)

FID Flammen-Ionisations-Detektion FIDO Field Integrated Design & Operations Rover (NASA, für Marslandemission) FIEC [Verband der europäischen Bauindustrie, International European Construction Association] FIFO First In, First Out FIG Facility for Interactive Generation of Graphics (UNIX) FIGE Forschungsinstitut für Geräusche und Erschütterungen (Herzogenrath (oder: Aachen)) FiNut Frauen in Naturwissenschaft und Technik FIP Fédération Internationale de Philatélie FIP Forum on International Physics (APS)

FiPS Früheinstieg ins Physikstudium FIR Far-Infrared FIR Finite Impulse Response (Digitalfilter) FIRE Fusion-Ignition Research Experiment (Alternative zu ITER, USA) FIRST Far Infrared and Submillimetre Telescope (IR-Satellit) FIRST Fraunhofer-Institut für Rechnerarchitektur und Softwaretechnik (Berlin) FIS Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg der SNG (Frankfurt/M) FISCO Fieldbus Intrinsically Safe Concept FISH Fluoreszenz-in-situ-Hybridisierung FIT Failures in Thousands of Hours FIT Failures in Time (Kommunikation) FiT Frauen in der Technik e.V. FIT Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnik (St. Augustin) FITL Fibre In The Loop FITS [NASA-endorsed] Flexible Image Transport System FIZ Fachinformationszentrum (Karlsruhe) FIZCH Fachinformationszentrum Chemie (Berlin) FIZKA FIZ Karlsruhe, Gesellschaft für wissenschaftlich-technische Information (Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen) FJC Freely Jointed Chain (Polymerphysik) FKE Forschungsinstitut für Kinderernährung (Dortmund) FKW Fluorkohlenwasserstoff (ohne Chlor) FL Floor (US Mail) FL Florida (US-Staat) FL Fuzzy Logic FLAG Fibre Link Around the Globe (Glasfaser-Kabel UK-Europa-Nordafrika-Indien-Japan) FLC Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal FLCD FLC Display FLIC Flexible Interdigital Cuff Electrode FLL Fibre in the Local Loop (opt. Datenübertragung) FM Facilities Management (Telekommunikation) FM Frequency Modulation, Frequenzmodulation FMC Fixed-Mobile Convergence (Telekommunikation) FMCW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (Radar) FMD Fluorescent Multilayer Disk (optischer Datenspeicher) FMD Forward Multiplicity Detector (CERN) FMEA Fehlermöglichkeits- und Einflussanalyse, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMI Fluorescent Microthermiographic Imaging FMP Flow Management Protocol (Telekommunikation)

FMP Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (Berlin) FMS Flight Management System FNAL Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory FNC Federal Networking Council (Datennetze, USA) fNMR Functional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

FNTF Fast Newton Transversal Filter F.O.B. Free on Board (Handelsverkehr) FOCS Fiber-Optic Current Sensor FOEI Friends of the Earth International (in Deutschland: BUND) FOKUS Fraunhofer-Institut für Offene Kommunikationssysteme (Berlin) FOLANT Focusing of Laser Radiation in the Nearfield of a Tip (Nanotechnologie) FOMA Freedom of Multimedia Access (Telekommunikation)

FONAS Forschungsverbund Naturwissenschaft, Abrüstung und internationale Sicherheit F.O.R. Free on Rail (Handelsverkehr) FORKAT BMFT-Förderungskatalog FORSUPRA Forschungsverbund Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter (Bayern) Fortran Formula Translator FOS Faseroptischer Sensor FOS Finnish Optical Society FOS Frontier of Science (interdisziplinäre internationale Symposien für Jungwissenschaftler) FOTA Flat Optical Element Technology and Applications FOV Field of View (Teleskop) FÖV Forschungsinstitut für Öffentliche Verwaltung (Speyer) FOX Fiber Optic Extender (optische Telekommunikation) FP Fixed Part (z. B. Basestation, DECT) FP Frame Protocol (Telekommunikation)

FPA Focal Plane Array FPA Function Point Analysis FPD Flat Panel Display FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array (Computer) FPLMTS Future Public and Land Mobile Telecommunication System FPS Forum on Physics and Society (APS)

FPT Fachbereichstag Physikalische Technik FPT Fast Polynomial Transform FPU [Enrico] Fermi-[John] Pasta-[Stanislaw] Ulam (nichtlineares Schwingungssystem) FQHE Fractional Quantum Hall Effect FR Frame Relay (Datenübertragung) FR France (im Internet) FR Frankfurter Rundschau FRAD Frame Relay Access Device (Datennetz) FRAD Frame Relay Assembly-Disessembly (Datennetz) FRAM Ferroelectric Random Access Memory FrAM Fraunhofer-Arbeitsschutz-Managementsystem FRAMTEC Framework for Advanced Monitoring, Telemetry and Control FRC Fraunhofer Resource Center (Michigan, OH, USA) FRC-DE Fraunhofer Resource Center Delaware (Newark, DE, USA) FRF Frequency Response Function FRISP Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Programme FRLS Fast Recursive Least Squares (Transversalfilter) FRM Forschungsreaktor München FS Fachverband für Strahlenschutz e.V. FS Founder Societies FSA Fixed Slot Allocation (Telekommunikation)

FSAN Full Service Access Network (Telekommunikation) FSF Free Software Foundation FSK Frequency Shift Keying (Modulation) FSO Free-Space Optical (communication) FSP Fachschaftsparlament FSR Fachschaftsrat FSR Free Spectral Range FSRV Fachschaftsräteversammlung FSS Fixed Satellite Service (or: System) FST Fast Sine Transform FST Femtosekunden-Technologie FST Finite State Transducer (Sprachsynthese) FSU Former Soviet Union, frühere Sowjetunion FSU Friedrich-Schiller-Universität (Jena) FTAM File Transfer, Access and Management (Datennetz-Protokoll) FTD Fluorescent Tube Display FTE Full Time Equivalent (Telekommunikation) FTF Fast Transversal Filter FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry FTIR Frustrated Total Internel Reflection (Lichtmodulator) FTP File Transfer Protocol (Datenübertragung) FTS Festprogrammierbarer Titel-Speicher FTS Fourier Transform Spectroscopy FTTA Fiber to the Area FTTB Fibre to the Building (Telefon, Glasfaser bis zum Haus) FTTC Fibre to the Curb (Telefon, Glasfaser bis zum Kabelverzweiger) FTTH Fibre to the Home (Telefon, Glasfaser bis ins Haus) FTTU Fiber to the User FTU Fortbildungszentrum für Technik und Umwelt (KfK, Karlsruhe) FTZ Fernmeldetechnisches Zentralamt (der Bundespost) FuE Forschung und Entwicklung FUEG Förderung von Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgemeinschaftsvorhaben Ost (BMBF) FUNET Finland's University and Research Network (Rechnernetz) FUSE Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (Satellit)

FUTOUR Förderung und Unterstützung technologieorientierter Unternehmensgründungen (BMBF) FV Fachverband (z. B. DPG) FVK faserverstärkte Kunststoffe FVM Finite Volume Method FVS-Stiftung Freiherr-vom-Stein- [und zugleich] Friedrich-von-Schiller-Stiftung (Hamburg) FW Fire Wall (Telekommunikation) FWD Front-Wheel Drive FWG Forschungsanstalt der Bundeswehr für Wasserschall und Geophysik (Kiel) (scherzhaft auch: Flachwassergesellschaft) FWHM Full Width Half Maximum (Fotofilm-Körnigkeit) FWM Four Wave Mixing FXC Fiber Optical (or: Switch) Cross Connect (optische Telekommunikation) FY Fiscal Year FYI for your information FZR Forschungszentrum Rossendorf

G

G Guanin (DNA-Base) GA Genetic Algorithm GA Georgia (US-Staat) GAAM Gesellschaft für Analytik und atomspektroskopische Messtechnik GABA .gamma.-Aminobuttersäure GABI (deutsche "Schwester" der Human Genome Organization)

GAC General Advisory Committee (AEC) GAEB Gemeinsamer Ausschuss Elektronik im Bauwesen GAFA Internationale Gartenfachmesse (Köln) GAFOS German-American Symposia on Frontiers of Science GAG Georg-Agricola-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik e.V. GAIA, Gaia Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics GALILEO (Europäisches Satelliten-Navigationssystem, im Aufbau) GALLEX Gallium-(Sonnen-Neutrino)-Experiment (Gran Sasso, Italien) GAM Generalized Additive Model (Regressionsverfahren) GAMESS General Atomic Electronic Structure Systems GAMM Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik GAMS Guide to Available Mathematics Software GAN Global Area Network (Datennetze) GANIL Grande Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (Frankreich) GAO General Accounting Office (USA) GAP Generic Access Profile (or: Protocol) GARTEUR Group for Aeronautical Research and Technology in Europe GARS German Antarctic Receiving Station GAS Gesellschaft für Angewandte Supraleitung (KfK, Karlsruhe) GAST Gemeinschaft Autofreier Schweizer Tourismusorte GAST Gemeinschaftsausschuss Strahlenforschung GAT Governmental Action Team GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GAUSS Galaktisches Ultraweitwinkel Schmidt System (Spacelab, Kugelspiegelkamera) GB Gigabyte GB Great Britain GBF Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung (Braunschweig) GbR Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts GBS Göttinger Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft GC Gas Chromatography GCC Global Climate Coalition GCD Greatest Common Divisor (= ggT) GCF GSM Certification Forum GCMD Global Change Master Directory (NASA) GCOS [globales Klimaüberwachungsprogramm] GCRA Generic Cell Rate Algorithm (Telekommunikation) GCSR Grating-assisted codirectional Coupler with rear Sampled Reflector (tunable laser)

GDCh Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker e.V. GDCP Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Chemie und Physik GDM Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik GDMO Guidelines for Defining (or: the Definition) of Managed Objects GDN Global Development Network GDNÄ Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte e.V. GDNF Glia-Derived Neurotrophic Factor GDOS Graphics Device Operating System GDP General Drawing Primitive GDP Gross Domestic Product (Volkswirtschaft) GDP Guanosindiphosphat GdT Gemeinschaftsausschuss der Technik GDV Gesamtverband der deutschen Versicherungswirtschaft e.V. GE Gigabit Ethernet GEA Gigabit Ethernet Alliance GEF Global Environment Facility (Umweltfonds, 1990) GefStoffV Gefahrstoff-Verordnung GEM Gas Electron Multiplier GEM Graphics Environment Manager GEMA Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungsrechte GEMINGA Gemini Gamma-Quelle (Neutronenstern) GEMS Global Environment Monitoring System (Naturschutz)

GENIUS Germanium Detectors in Liquid Nitrogen in an Underground Set Up (Neutrinodetektor) GenMAPP Gene MicroArray Pathway Profiler (Computerprogramm für genetische Analyse) GEO [britisch-deutscher Gravitationswellendetektor] (Ruthe bei Hannover) GEO Geosynchronous (or: Geostationary) Earth Orbit GEOMAR Forschungszentrum für marine Geowissenschaften (Univ. Kiel) GERAN GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation)

GESIMA Geesthachter Simulationsmodell der Atmosphäre GESIS Gesellschaft sozialwissenschaftliche Infrastruktureinrichtungen (Mannheim) GEUmbH Gesellschaft für Energieanwendung und Umwelttechnik mbH (Leipzig) GEW Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft GFDL Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (NOAA)

GFE Großforschungseinrichtung GFK Glasfaser-verstärkte Kunststoffe GFP Generic Framing Procedure (Telekommunikation)

GFP Green Fluorescent Protein GFR Guaranteed Frame Rate (Telekommunikation)

GFS Gemeinsame Forschungsstelle (der EU in Petten, NL) GFSK Gaussian-Filtered Frequency Shift Keying GFZ Geoforschungszentrum (Potsdam) GGF Glial Growth Factor (Medikament, evtl. gegen MS)

GGF Global Grid Forum

GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node (Telekommunikation) GGT Gesellschaft für Gerontotechnik ggT größter gemeinsamer Teiler (= GCD) GGVS Gefahrgut-Verordnung Straße GHRS Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph GHZ Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(-Zustand) GI Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. GIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

GIF German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development GIF Graphics Interchange Format (Datenkompression, Fa. CompuServe 1987) GigE Gigabit Ethernet

GIMP GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMS Topical Group on Instruments and Measurement Science (APS)

GIOD Globally Interconnected Object Databases Gips Giga-Instructions per Second GIRL German Infrared Laboratory (Astrophysik, 1985) GIS Geo-Informationssystem, Geographic(al) Information System GISI Göttinger Informationssystem für Intensivmedizin und OP GISI Gruppo Imprese Strumentazione Italia (Association for Instrumentation, Control and Automation Companies) GIZ Giftinformationszentrum (Göttingen) GK Graduiertenkolleg GK Grundkurs GKS Grafisches Kern-System GKSS [Forschungszentrum Geesthacht] GLA Göttinger Linguistische Abhandlungen GLAD General Laser Analysis and Design GLAST amma Ray Large Area Space Telescope GLCM Ground-Launched Cruise Missile GLDV Gesellschaft für linguistische Datenverarbeitung GLF Grundlagenforschung GLM General Linear Modelling GLOBIS Global Change and Biodiversity in Soils GLOBUS Generating Long-Term Options by Using Simulation GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System (Russland) GLP Good Laboratory Practice, gute Labor-Praxis GLS Global Locating Sensing GLZ Generalized Linear Modelling GM General Motors GMAG Topical Group on Magnetism and Its Applications (APS)

GmbH Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung GMD Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung (Bonn/Darmstadt/Berlin/St. Augustin/Birlinghofen) GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation)

GMM Global MultiMedia (Telekommunikation) GMM GPRS Mobility Management GMO Genetically Modified Organism GMPLS Generalized Multi Protocol Label Switching (Telekommunikation)

GMR Giant Magnetoresistance GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (Modulation) GNA Global Network Academy (Texas) GNI Gigabit Ethernet Network Interface (Telekommunikation) GNIRS Gemini Near Infrared Spectrometer (USA) GNM Germanisches Nationalmuseum (Nürnberg) GNO Gallex Neutrino Observatory (INFN, Gran Sasso, Italien) GNOME GNU Object Model Environment GNP Gross National Product (= Bruttosozialprodukt) GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS2 Global Navigation Satellite System, 2nd generation GNU Gallium Neutrino Observatory (zuvor: GALLEX, Gran Sasso, Italien) GNU GNU is not UNIX GO Gründungsoffensive GoB Good or Better GOLF Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies (an Bord von SOHO) GOMAC Government Microcircuit Applications Conference (USA) GOME Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (Fernerkundung, ERS 2, 1995) GOMOS Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Star (ENVISAT)

GONG Global Oscillation Network Group (für Helioseismologie) GoS Grade of Service (Telekommunikation) GOTS Gesellschaft für Orthopädisch/Traumatologische Sportmedizin gov [Government] (Internet, USA) GPCR G-Protein Coupled Receptor GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus GPIP General Purpose Input/Output Interrupt Port GPL General (or: GNU) Public License (FSF) GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network (Telekommunikation) GPRS Global (or: General) Packet Radio Service (or: System) (Telekommunikation) GPS Global Positioning System GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System GR Gigabit Router (Internet) GRA Gamma Resonance Absorption GRAB Galactic Radiation and Background (US Aufklärungs-Satellit) GRATE Generic Rules and Agent Model Test Bed Environment GRB Gamma-Ray Burst (Astrophysik) GRC Gordon Research Conference GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation GRIP Greenland Icecore Project GRK Graduiertenkolleg (DFG, seit 1990) GRM General Relationship Model GRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (Satellit) GRS Gamma-Ray Spectrometer

GS Guaranteed Service GSA Global Suppliers Association (Telekommunikation)

GSAG GOME Science Advisory Group GSCCM Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter (APS) GSE Group of Scientific Experts (Genfer Abrüstungskonferenz 1976) GSETT-1, -2, -3 GSE Technical Test I (1984), ~ II (1991), ~ III (1995) GSG Gesundheitsstrukturgesetz GSI Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt) GSM Global System for Mobile Communication(s) (Telekommunikation) GSM Groupe Spéciale Mobile (Mobilfunk) GSMA GSM Association (Telekommunikation)

GSMBE Gas Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy GSMN GSM Node GSMS GPRS Short Message Service (Telekommunikation) GSMT Giant Segmented-Mirror Telescope (geplant) GSN Global Seismographic Network GSN GPRS Support Node GSNP Topical Group on Statistical and Nonlinear Physics (APS)

GSO Geostationary Satellite Orbit GSW Glashow-Salam-Weinberg (Neutrinotheorie) GT Gamow-Teller GTD Geometrical Theory of Diffraction GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol (Telekommunikation) GTP Guanosintriphosphat GTP-c GPRS Tunneling Protocol Control Plane (Telekommunikation)

GTRI Georgia Tech Research Institute (USA) GTS Global Transmission Services (ISS) GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (Eschborn) GU Guam (US Mail) GUD Gas- und Dampfturbinen (-Kraftwerke) GUESS General-Purpose Expert System Shell GUI Graphical User Interface GUID Global Unique Identifier (weltweites PC-Netz)

GUS Gemeinschaft unabhängiger Staaten (ehem. UdSSR) GUT Grand Unified Theory (theoretische Physik) GVD Group Velocity Dispersion (Leitungen) GVE Großvieheinheit (Normrind, Masse 500 kg) GVM Global Voice Mail (Telekommunikation)

GVP Genesis Voice Protocol (Telekommunikation) GVPP Generic Visual Perception Processor GW Gateway (Telekommunikation) G-WiN Gigabit-Wissenschaftsnetz (geplant für 2000, bis 2,4 Gbit/s) GWUP Gesellschaft für die wissenschaftliche Untersuchung von Parawissenschaften

GZMB Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften

H

HAC High Authority Control HAC Human Artificial Chromosome HAD Helium Abundance Detector (Galileo-Satellit 1989) HAD Hollow Cathode Activated Deposition (dünne Schichten) HAI Helicopter Association International HAL Hardware Abstraction Layer (Telekommunikation) HARF Hyperstable Adaptive Recursive Filter

HARP High-gain Avalanche Rushing Amorphous Photoconductor HART Highway Addressable Receiver/Transmitter (Telekommunikation) HASASEM Haptisches Sensor-Aktor-System auf der Grundlage der Echtzeitelastographie sowie von elektro- und magnetorheologischen Materialien HASYLAB Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungs-Laboratorium (bei DESY) HAV Hepatitis-A-Virus HAZOP Hazardous Analysis and Operability (Problemlösungsmethode) HBCCO HgBa2Can-1CunO2n+2 (HTSL) HBCI Homebanking Computing Interface HBFG Hochschulbauförderungsgesetz HBFR High Flux Beam Reactor (Brookhaven, Long Island, NY, USA) HBT Hetero-Bipolartransistor, Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor HBV Hepatitis-B-Virus HCB Hexachlorbenzol HCH Hexachlorcyclohexan HCM Human Capital (and) Mobility (EU) HCMV Humanes Cytomegalovirus HCTMCP Hexacyanotrimethylencyclopropanid HCV Hepatitis-C-Virus HD Harmonization Document (CENELEC) HDA High-Density Amorphous (Ice) HDBR Hybrid Distributed Bragg Reflector (optische Telekommunikation)

HDBT High Definition Broadcast Technology HDCAM [vom HDTV ageleitetes Bildaufzeichnungsformat] HDCS Hard Disk Controller Select HDF Hierarchical Data Format HDF Hubble Deep Field (Astrophysik) HDL High-Density Lipoprotein HDL High-Density Liquid HDL High-Power Diode Laser

HDLC High Level Data Link Control (Datenübertragung) HDML Handheld Device Markup Lnguage HdO hinter dem Ohr (Hörgeräte) HDPE High Density Polyethylene HDRQ Harddiskcontroller-Data-Request HDSL High-Bit-Rate (or: High Speed) Digital Subscriber Line (or: Loop) HDTV High Definition Television (hochauf lösendes Fernsehen) HEAO High Energy Astrophysical Observatory HEFC Higher Education Funding Council (UK) HEFCE Higher Education Funding Council for England HELCOM Helsinki Commission on Baltic Marine Protection HEMT High Electron Mobility Transistor HEP Hochenergiephysik, High-Energy Physics HEP Hochschulerneuerungsprogramm (neue Bundesländer) HEPAP High-Energy Physics Advisory Panel (USA) HEPnet High Energy Physics Network HEPP High Energy and Particle Physics Division (EPS) HER Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

HERA Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator, Hadron-Elektron-Ring-Anlage (DESY) HERV Humanes Endogenes Retrovirus HES High Energy Stereoscopic System (Gamma-Strahlen-Teleskop-Array, Namibia) HES Home Electronic System HET Hobby-Eberly-Telescope (Davis Mountains, TX, USA) HETE High Energy Transient Explorer HETP Height Equivalent to One Theoretical Plate (Maß für Trennleistung eines chemischen Analysesystems, z.B. 20 .mu.m bei Chromatographie) HEU Highly Enriched Uranium HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle HEW Half Energy Width (Teleskope) HEW Hamburgische Elektricitätswerke HF High Frequency (3 - 30 MHz) HF Human Factors (TC im ETSI) HFB Hartree-Fock-Bogoljubow HFBR High Flux Beam Reactor (Brookhaven, Long Island, NY, USA) HFC Hybrid Fibre Coax HFEA Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority HFF Hochschule für Fernsehen und Film (München) HFIR High Flux Isotope Reactor (ORNL) HFO Halbleiterwerk Frankfurt/Oder HFR High-Flux Reactor (GFS, Petten, NL) HFR Hybrid Fiber Radio HGAC Human Genetic Advisory Commission HGC Hercules Graphics Card HGF Hermann von Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren HGL (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

HGS Human Genome Sciences HGÜ Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom-Übertragung HGV Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehr (Schienenverkehr) HHC Higher Harmonic Control HHG High Harmonic Generation (kurze Lichtimpulse) HHI Heinrich-Hertz-Institut für Nachrichtentechnik (Berlin, neuer Name) HHI Heinrich-Hertz-Institut für Schwingungsforschung (Berlin, alter Name) HHMI Howard Hughes Medical Institute HHS Health and Human Services (US Government Department) HI Hawaii (US-Staat) HIC Heterogeneous Interprocessor Communications and Standards HIC Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography HIDIF Heavy Ion Driven Intertial Fusion HIF Hochschulinternes Fernsehen (Göttingen) HiFi High Fidelity (Unterhaltungselektronik) HIFI Hawaii Imaging Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (Astronomie) HIGS High-Intensity Gamma-Ray Source

HIL Hardware-in-the-Loop HILES HIL-Echtzeitsimulation HIPERLAN High Performance Radio LAN (Telekommunikation)

HIPPARCOS High Precision Parallax Collecting Satellite (ESA 1989) HIS Hochschul-Informationssystem HITL Hardware-in-the-Loop HITRAP Heavy Ion Trap HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Human-Immunschwäche-Virus HKI Hans-Knöll-Institut für Naturstofforschung (Jena) HKIOA Hong Kong Institute of Acoustics HKP Hochschulkooperationsprogramm (EU) HL Hidden Layer (neuronale Netze) HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen (Biochemie) HLL High-Speed Low-Voltage Low-Power (Logik-ICs) HLP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows-Hilfe-Datei)

HLR Home Location Register (Telekommunikation) HLRB Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum in Bavaria HLRS Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Stuttgart HLRZ Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum (Jülich) HLU Hilfe zum Lebensunterhalt (,,Sozialhilfe'') HLW High-Level Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) HM Hardware Manager HMD Head-Mounted Display (VR) HMDO Hexamethyldisiloxan HMI Hahn-Meitner-Institut (Berlin) HMI Human-Machine Interface HMM Hidden Markov Model HMR Home Location Register (Heimat-Datei) HMS Health Monitoring System (Aircraft) HMX Tetramethylentetranitramin (Octogen, Sprengstoff) HMXB High-Mass X-Ray Binary (Röntgendoppelstern) HNM Heliport Noise Model (Lärmbewertung) HNMC Hub Network Management Computer HNO Hals-, Nasen- und Ohren(-Klinik oder -Kunde) HO HandOver (Telekommunikation)

HOLOMAR High-Resolution in situ Holographic Recording and Analysis of Marine Organisms and Particles (EU-Projekt) HOT Highly Optimized Tolerance HOTS Holographic Optical Telescope and Scanner HP (hp) Hewlett Packard HPC High Performance Computing HPCC High Performance Computing and Communication (USA) HPC1 Human Prostata Cancer 1 HPCN High Performance Computing and Networking (ESPRIT) HPF High Performance Fortran HPGL Hewlett Packard Graphics Language HPHT High Pressure High Temperature (Diamant) HPI Heinrich-Pette-Institut für Experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie (Hamburg) HP-IB Hewlett Packard Interface Bus HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPNA Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (Telekommunikation)

HPS High Purity Standard (Analytische Chemie) HPS Human Patient Simulator HPS The Hungarian Physical Society HPSS High Performance Storage System HPV Human-Papillomviren HPVM High Performance Visual Machine HQ High Quality HRC Harmonically Related Carrier HRD Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm (Astronomie) HREEL(S) High Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy HRI High Resolution Imager (Röntgen-Satellit) HRK Hochschulrektorenkonferenz HRTEM Hochaufgelöste Raster-Transmissions-Elektronenmikroskopie HRTF Head-Related Transfer Function HSARPA Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) HSC High Speed Cutting HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched Data (Telekommunikation) HSDL Hierarchical Scan Description Language HSE High Speed Ethernet HSE High Surface Energy

HSFK Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung HSI High Speed Internet (Telekommunikation)

HSP Hitzeschock-Protein HSP Hochschulsonderprogramm HSRV humanes Spuma-Retrovirus HSS harter Schnellstahl (Werkzeuge)

HSS High Speed Switch (Datennetz) HSS Home Subscriber Server (Telekommunikation)

HST Hubble Space Telescope HSVA Hamburgische Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt HSWS Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensor HT High Temperature

HTB Heterobipolar-Transistor HTDV Human Teratocarcinoma-Derived Virus HTE High Throughput Experimentation HTF Hub Terminal Facilities HTG Hyperschall-Technologie Göttingen (DLR) HTLV humanes T-lymphotropes Virus HTM (Dateinamenerweiterung: Internet-Datei)

HTMC High Temperature Mechanical Testing Committee (UK) HTML HyperText Markup Language (Dateinamenerweiterung: Internet-Datei) HTMT Hybrid Technology/Multithreaded System (Supercomputer)

HTS Heights (US Mail) HTS High-Throughput Screening (z.B. bei DNA-Analyse) HTS(C) High Temperature Superconductor (High-Tc Superconductivity) HTS(L) Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter (High-Tc-Supraleitung) HTTP HyperText Transfer (or Transmission) Protocol (Rechnernetz, WWW) HTTPS HTTP Secured HU Humboldt-Universität (Berlin) HUGO Human Genome Organization HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning HWC Hydrophobe Wechselwirkungschromatographie HWY Highway (US Mail) HYKAT Hydrodynamik- und Kavitationstunnel (HSVA) HYSWIM Hydrogen Switchable Mirror HZT High-Z Supernova Search Team

I

IA Ingoing Access IA Iowa (US-Staat) IAA Internationale Astronautische Akademie IAAS Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik (Berlin) IAB Institut für Akustik und Bauphysik (Oberursel/Ts.) IAB Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (der Bundesanstalt für Arbeit) IAB Internet Administration Board

IACC Interaural Cross-Correlation IAD Integrated Access Device IADC Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency (Wien) IAEO International Atomic Energy Organisation IAESTE International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience IAF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik IAI Israel Aircraft Industries IAKF Interessengemeinschaft für Autofreie Kur- und Fremdenverkehrsorte in Bayern IAKK interaurale Kreuzkorrelation IANUS Interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe Naturwissenschaft, Technik und Sicherheit (Darmstadt) IAO [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation (Stuttgart) IAP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Angewandte Polymerforschung (Golm) IAP Institut für Atmosphärenphysik (Kühlungsborn, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) IAP Internet Access Provider IAS Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton, NJ, USA) IASI Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer IASP International Association for the Study of Pain IASTED International Association of Science and Technology for Development IAT Institut Arbeit und Technik (Gelsenkirchen)

IATA International Air Transport Association IAU International Astronomical Union IAV Informations-, Anlauf- und Vermittlungsstelle (Karlsruhe) IBA Important Bird Area (Naturschutz)

IBC Integrated Broadband Communication IBC International Broadcasting Convention

IBE Interaktive Bildschirmexperimente IBFM Interacting Boson Fermion Model IBM Interacting Boson Model IBM International Business Machines Corporation IBMS In-Beam Mössbauer Spectroscopy IBMT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Biomedizinische Technik (St. Ingbert) IBP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Bauphysik (Stuttgart) IBR Institut für Bioanorganische und Radiopharmazeutische Chemie (FZR) IBRO International Brain Research Organization IC Integrated Circuit IC Intercity (Bundesbahn) IC Internal Combustion [Engine] (Verbrennungsmotor) IC Ion Chromatography; Ionenchromatographie ICA International Congress on Acoustics ICaB Incoming Call Barrier ICALEO International Conference on Applications of Lasers and Electrooptics ICALEPCS International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ICARCF International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Computer Vision ICAS International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences ICASE Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA) ICASSP IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing ICB Institute for Collaborative Biotechnology (USA) ICBEN International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missile ICBP International Council for Bird Preservation

ICC Intelligent Customer Care ICCAD International Conference on Computer Aided Design ICCL International Conference on Computer Languages ICDP International Continental Drilling Program (= KTB) ICE In-Car-Entertainment (Autoradio) ICE Intercity Express (Bundesbahn) ICER Industry Council for Electronic Equipment (UK) ICES International Council for Exploration of the Sea ICF Inertial Confinement Fusion (= Trägheitsfusion) (Reaktor) ICFA International Committee for Future Accelerators ICG Intellectual Capital Group (Franklin, MI, USA) ICGRG International Commission on General Relativity and Gravitation ICI Integrated Communication Interface (Telekommunikation) ICI Inter-Carrier Interference (Telekommunikation) ICIP International Conference on Image Processing ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol (Telekommunikation) ICN Information and Communication Network (Siemens)

ICNN International Conference on Neural Networks ICNP International Conference on Network Protocols ICO International Commission for (or: on) Optics ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites ICONIP International Conference on Neural Information Processing ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma ICP Interuniversity Cooperation Programme (Europe) ICPNM International Certificate Program for New Media (FhG, CRCG) I&C PS Industrial & Commercial Power Systems [Technical Conference] ICR Ion Cyclotron Resonance

ICRM International Committee for Radionuclide Metrology ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRU International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements ICSI International Computer Science Institute (Berkeley, CA, USA) ICSOS International Conference on the Structure of Surfaces ICSU International Council of Scientific Unions ICSV International Conference on Sound and Vibration ICT Information and Communication Technology ICT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Chemische Technologie (Pfinztal bei Karlsruhe) ICTP International Centre for Theoretical Physics (Triest, seit 1964) ICW Internet Call Waiting (Telekommunikation) ID Idaho (US-Staat) IDA Institute for Defense Analyses (USA) IDA Interface for Distributed Automation IDBS Interactive Data Business Solutions IDC Insulation Displacement Connection

IDC International Data Corporation IDC International Data Centre, Internationales Datenzentrum (zur CTBTO) IDE Integrated Development Environment IDEM Informations- und Dokumentationsstelle Ethik in der Medizin IDF International Diabetes Federation IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform, inverse diskrete Fourier-Transformation IDL Interactive Data Language IDL Interface Definition (or: Description) Language IDNDR International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction IDR Inter-Domain Routing (Telekommunikation) IDRFC Internal Dynamic Rate Flow Control (Telekommunikation) IDS Institut für Deutsche Sprache (Mannheim) IDS Intrusion Detection System (Firewall) IDTV Improved Definition Television (100 Hz-Bild) IEA International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IECE, IECEJ Institute of Electronics and Communication Engineers of Japan IEE Institution of Electrical Engineers (UK) IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (USA) IEER Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (USA) IEICE, IEICEJ Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communication Engineers of Japan IEMB Institut für Erhaltung und Modernisierung von Bauwerken (Berlin) IEN Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris (Turin, Italien) IEPE Integrated Electronic Piezoelectric IERE Institution of Electronic and Radio Engineers (London) IESE [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Experimentelles Software Engineering (Kaiserslautern) IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IETS Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy IF Intermediate Frequency IFA Internationale Funkausstellung IFAC International Federation of Automatic Control IfADo Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie (Dortmund) IFAM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung (Bremen) IFC Industry Foundation Class (Schnittstelle) IFE In-Flight Entertainment System IfE Institut für Erdölforschung (Clausthal-Zellerfeld) IFE Institut für Festkörperphysik und Elektronenmikroskopie IFF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Fabrikbetrieb und -automatisierung (Magdeburg) IFF Institut für Festkörperforschung [a): am IFW, b): am KFA, Jülich] IFF Interchange File Format (Graphikformat) IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform IfH Institut für Hochenergiephysik (DDR, Zeuthen, AdW) IFIP International Federation of Information Processing Societies und: International Federation for Information Processing IfL Institut für Länderkunde (Leipzig) IfL Institut für Leibesübungen IfM Institut für Meereskunde (Kiel) IfN Institut für Neurobioogie (Magdeburg) ifo Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (München) IFOR (Internationale Friedenstruppe für Bosnien) IFORS International Federation of Operational Research Societies

IFOS Institut für Oberflächen- und Schichtanalytik (Univ. Kaiserslautern) IfR Institut für Radiochemie (FZR) IFRB International Frequency Registration Board (in Genf) IFS Institut für Festkörperanalytik und Strukturforschung (am IFW) IfS Institut für Sicherheitsforschung (FZR) IFSA International Forestry Students Association IFT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Festkörpertechnologie (München) IfT Institut für Troposphärenforschung (Leipzig) IFT(o)MM International Federation for the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms IFU [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Atmosphärische Umweltforschung IFW Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstofforschung (Dresden, seit 1992) IfW Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel) IFX Interactive Financial Exchange IfZ Institut für Zeitgeschichte (München) IG Intrinsic Gettering IGAPPI Interdivisional Group for Applied Physics and Physics in Industry (EPS) IGB Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (Berlin) IGB [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik (Stuttgart) IGBP Internationales Geosphären-Biosphären-Programm (Ökologie) IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor IGD [Fraunhofer-] Institut für graphische Datenverarbeitung (Darmstadt, Außenstelle in Rostock) IGERT Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (NSF, USA)

IGK Integrated Gatekeeper (Telekommunikation) IGLO Informal Group of RTD Liaison Officers in Brussels (EU) IGMP Internet Group Management (or: Multicast) Protocol (Telekommunikation)

IGN Installations-Geräuschnormal (DIN 52218) IGP Interior Gateway Protocol (Telekommunikation) IGPD Interdivisional Group on Physics for Development (EPS) IGS International GPS Service for Geodynamics (Satelliten-Geodäsie) IGV Institut für Grenzflächenforschung und Vakuumphysik (Jülich) IGZ Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau (Großbeeren und Kühnhausen bei Erfurt) IHES Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (bei Paris) IHP Institut für Halbleiterphysik (Frankfurt/Oder) IHPT Institut für Physikalische Hochtechnologie e.V. (Jena) IIASA International Institute of Applied System Analysis (Laxemburg bei Wien) IID Independent and Identically-Distributed (Data; Filtertheorie) IIJ Internet Initiative Japan IIM Institut für Ionenstrahlphysik und Materialforschung (FZR) IIMV Internationales Institut für Management und Verwaltung I-INCE International Institute of Noise Control Engineering IIR Infinite Impulse Response (Digitalfilter) IIS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Integrierte Schaltungen (Erlangen) IITB [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Informations- und Datenverarbeitung (Karlsruhe) IJCNN International Joint Conference on Neural Networks IKAR (Landkarten-Datenbank) (im DBI) IKARUS nstrumente für Klimagas-Reduktionsstrategien IKBD Intelligent Keybord Chip IKH Institut für Kern- und Hadronenphysik (FZR) IKM Institut für elektronische Korrelationen und Magnetismus IKRK Internationales Komitee vom Roten Kreuz IKSE Internationale Kommission zum Schutz der Elbe IKSR Internationale Kommission zum Schutz des Rheins IKT Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien IKTS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Keramische Technologien und Sinterwerkstoffe (Dresden) IKV Institut für Kunststoffverarbeitung (Aachen) IKZ Institut für Kristallzüchtung (Berlin-Adlershof) IL Illinois (US-Staat) IL Insertion Loss (Einfügungsdämmung) ILA In-Line Amplifier (Glasfaserkabel) ILA Internationale Luft- und Raumfahrtausstellung (?) ILAF Identical Location of Accelerometer and Force ILC International Laser Center (Staatsuniversität Moskau) ILD Intelligibility Level Difference ILD Interaural Level Difference ILEC Incumbant Local Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) ILL Institut Laue-Langevin (Grenoble) ILM Integrated Laser Modulator (optische Telekommunikation) ILMI Integrated Local Management Interface (Telekommunikation) ILS Instrumentenlandesystem ILS Intracavity Laser Spectroscopy ILSC International Laser Safety Conference ILT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Lasertechnik (Aachen) ILV [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Lebensmitteltechnologie und Verpackung (München, bis 31.12.97; danach: IVV) ILW Intermediate-Level Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) IM Information Manager (Telekommunikation) IM Instant Messaging (Telekommunikation) IM Intensitätsmodulation IMA Integrated Motor Assist IMA Interactive Multimedia Association IMA International Marinelife Association

IMACS International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation IMAGE Imager for Magnetopause to Aurora Global Exploration (NASA, Satellit) IMAP Internet Mail (or: Message) Access Protocol (E-Mail Server) IMB Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie (Jena) IMBA Institut für Molekulare Biotechnologie (Wien)

IMCC ISDN Management and Coordination Committee (TC im ETSI) IMD Intermodulation Distortion IMechE Institution of Mechanical Engineers (UK) IMEKO International Measurement Confederation (Budapest) IMG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei) IMIS Integriertes Mess- und Informationssystem zur Überwachung der Umweltradioaktivität IMK [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Medienkommunikation (St. Augustin) IML [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Materialfluss und Logistik (Dortmund) IML International Microgravity Laboratory IMM Institut für Mikrotechnik (Mainz) I-MMS MSS Interconnection Network IMO Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnologie und Optoelektronik (Wetzlar) IMO International Maritime Organization IMP Institut für Molekulare Pathologie (Wien)

IMP Intermodulation Product IMPATT Impact Avalanche Transit-Time (Diode) IMPRS International Max Planck Research School

IMPS Institute for Mathematical and Physical Sciences (Porto Novo, Benin) IMPT Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy (Röntgentechnik) IMRT Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (Röntgentechnik) IMS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme (Dresden) IMS Institute for Molecular Science (Okazaki, Japan) IMS Integrated Management Solution (Telekommunikation)

IMS Intelligent Manufacturing System IMS International Monitoring System (zum CTBT) IMS Ionen-Mikrofabrikations-Systeme (Firma in Wien) IMSA Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identification IMT Institut für Mikrostrukturtechnik (KfK) IMT Institute of Microtechnology (Universität von Neuchâtel, CH) IMT International Mobile Telecommunications IMTC Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE) IMU International Mathematical Union IMW Institut für Metallische Werkstoffe (am IFW) IN Indiana (US-Staat) IN Intelligentes Netz, Intelligent Network INAP Intelligent Network Application Protocol (or: Part) Inc. Incorporated (USA, entspricht Aktiengesellschaft) INCE Institute of Noise Control Engineering (USA) INCEMIC International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility INCO International Cooperation [Cooperation with Third Countries and International Organisations] (EC) INEL Idaho National Engineering Laboratory INES Informationsnetz Elbe-Sanierung INES Innovative Navigation European System INESAP International Network of Engineers and Scientists Against Proliferation INF Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces INFCE International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Evaluation INFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Frascati, Italien) INGO Intensivierte Gewässerüberwachungsorganisation INI (Dateinamenerweiterung: Programm-Initialisierungsdatei)

INIE Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education (DoE-Programm, USA)

INM Integrated (or: Intermediate) Network Management (optische Telekommunikation) INM Integrated Noise Model (FAA) Inmarsat International Maritime Satellite Organization (gegr. 1979) INOK Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (Berlin) INP Institut für Niedertemperatur-Plasmaphysik (Greifswald) INPAT Integration des Patentwesens in die ingenieurmäßige wissenschaftliche Hochschulausbildung INQUA International Union for Quarternary Research INRA International Research Associates INRETS Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (Frankreich) INRIA Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Frankreich) INSERM Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Int., Intnl. International

INTAS International Association for the Promotion of Cooperation with Scientists from the New Independent States (Internationale Assoziation zur Förderung der Zusammenarbeit mit Wissenschaftlern aus der früheren Sovietunion) (Brüssel 1993) INTEGRAL International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (geplant für 2001) Internoise International Congress on Noise Control Engineering INTOR International Tokamak Reactor (Fusionsreaktor) IntServ Integrated Services (Telekommunikation) I/O Input/Output IOBB Input Output, Broadband (Telekommunikation) IOC Intergovermental Oceanographic Commission (der UNESCO) IODP Integrated Ocean Drilling Program IOF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik (Jena) IOM Individual Ordinary Member (EPS u.a.) IOM Institut für Oberfläüchenmodifizierung (Leipzig) IONDS Integrated Operational Nuclear Detection System IOP The Institute of Physics (UK) IOPP Institute of Physics Publishing (Bristol, UK) IÖR Institut für ökologische Raumentwicklung (Dresden) IOT InterOperability Test (Telekommunikation)

IOTA Infrared-Optical Telescope Array (Mt. Hopkins, AZ, USA) IOTA Institut d'Optique Théorique et Appliquée (Frankreich) IOW Institut für Ostseeforschung Warnemünde (Universität Rostock) IP Intelligence Platform IP Internet Protocol (Rechnernetz) IPA [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionstechnik und Automatisierung (Stuttgart) IPA Intelligent Pilot Assistant (DLR, Flugführung) IPAM Interface Analysis at Atomic Level and Properties of Advanced Materials IPAT Impact, Population, level of Affluence, Technology (Gleichung zur Beschreibung umweltschädigender Auswirkungen menschlichen Verhaltens) IPB Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie (Halle/Saale) IPC Integrated Plastic (or: Polymer) Circuit (Elektronik) IPC Integrated Pollution Control IPC Inter-Process Communication (Telekommunikation) IPC International Patent Classification IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC International Professional Communication Conference IPD Institut für Polymerforschung (Dresden) IPDC Internet Protocol Device Control IPDS Institut für Phonetik und digitale Sprachverarbeitung (Kiel) IPF Institut für Polymerforschung (Dresden) IPG Information Power Grid (NASA) IPHT Institut für Physikalische Hochtechnologie (Jena) IPK Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (Gatersleben) IPK [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik (Berlin) IPL Information-Processing Language IPL Ionenprojektions-Lithographie IPM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Physikalische Messtechnik (Freiburg) IPMX Internet Protocol Media Exchange (Telekommunikation) IPN Institut für die Pädagogik der Naturwissenschaften (Kiel) IPNS Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA) IPO Initial Public Offering IPO Institute for Perception Research (Eindhoven, NL) IPoA IP over ATM IPP Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (Garching) IPR Intelectual Property Rights IPRC Intellectual Property Rights Committee (TC im ETSI) IPS In-Plane Switching (LCD mit beiden Pixelelektroden auf einer Seite, aufgeklappter Kondensator) IPS Instructions per Second IPS International Plutonium Storage IPSD Intensified Position-Sensing Detector IPSE Integrated Project Support Environment IPSec Internet Protocol Security (Telekommunikation) IPSI [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Integrierte Publikations- und Informationssysteme (Darmstadt) IPSS Information Processing Systems and Software (ESPRIT) IPT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionstechnologie (Aachen) IPTS Institute for Prospective Technological Studies (EU, Sevilla, Spanien) IP VPN IP Virtual Private Network(s) (Telekommunikation) IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange (Telekommunikation) IQEC International Quantum Electronics Conference IQHE Integer Quantum Hall Effect IR Information Retrieval IR Infrared [Radiation] IRAM Institute for Radio Astronomy at Millimeter Wavelengths (Grenoble, Frankreich)

IRAS Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRB [Fraunhofer-] Informationszentrum Raum und Bau IRBM Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile IRC Internet Relay Chat (Rechnernetz) IRCAM Institut de Recherche et de Coordination Acoustique Musique (Paris) IRCH Ion Cyclotron Resonance Heating (Fusionsreaktortechnik) IRDA Infrared Data Exchange IRDAC Industrial Research and Development Advisory Committee (EU) IRDT Inflatable Reentry and Descent Technology (Raumfahrt) IRE Institute of Radio Engineers (USA) ISC International Softswitch Consortium IRFU Integrated Radio Frequency Unit (Telekommunikation) IRI Industrial Research Institute (Washington, DC, USA) IRIDIA [Institute for] Interdisciplinary Research and Development in Artificial Intelligence (Esprit, Brüssel) IRIS Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (USA) IRS Institut für Regionalentwicklung und Strukturplanung (Berlin) IRS Internal Reference Specification IRS International Revenue Service (USA) IRS Intrusion Response System (Firewall) IRSI Infrared Space Interferometry

IRST Infrared Search and Track (Radar) IRSU ISDN Remote Subscriber Unit (RSU mit ISDN-Möglichkeit) IRT Integrated Receiver-Transmitter (Telekommunikation) IRTF Infrared Telescope Facility (Mauna Kea, Hawaii) IS Information Systems IS Integrated Services IS Island (US Mail) ISA Industry-Standard Architecture ISA Integrated IP/SDH/ATM (or: STM/ATM) (Telekommunikation) ISA Integrated Service Adapter (Telekommunikation)

ISA International Search Authority (Patente) ISAAC Infrared Spectrometer and Array Camera (beim VLT der ESO) ISAM Institut für Supercomputing und Angewandte Mathematik (Heidelberg) ISAN Integrität bei der Satellitennavigation ISAR Intelligentes System zur automatischen Radioskopie

ISARS International Society for Acoustic Remote Sensing ISAS Institut für Spektrochemie und Angewandte Spektroskopie (Dortmund) ISAS Institut of Space and Aeronautical Science (Japan) ISB Intelligent Signalling Bus (Datennetz) ISBN International Standard Book Number ISC [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Silicatforschung (Würzburg) IRENA (Internationale Agentur für Erneuerbare Energien) ISDB Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting (Telekommunikation) ISDB-S Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Satellite (Telekommunikation) ISDB-T Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial (Telekommunikation) ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network (Telekommunikation) ISE [Fraunhofer-] Institut für solare Energiesysteme (Freiburg) ISE Integrated Switching Element (Telekommunikation) ISE Intelligent Synthesis Environment (NASA) ISF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Schwingungsforschung (1956, später: IITB) ISF International Science Foundation ISFET Ionen-sensitiver Feldeffekt-Transistor ISFH Institut für Solarenergieforschung, Hameln ISFM International Spent Fuel Management (Brennelement-Kontrolle) ISG Informationszentrum für Sexualität und Gesundheit (Freiburg/Br) ISH Internationale Fachmesse Sanitär Heizung Klima (Frankfurt/M) ISI Institut für Schicht- und Ionentechnik (Jülich) ISI [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Systemtechnik und Innovationsforschung (Karlsruhe) ISI Institute for Scientific Information (Philadelphia, PA) ISIC International Student Identity Card ISIN International Securities Identification Number ISIS Intelligentes Satellitendaten-Informationssystem (Fernerkundung) IS-IS Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System ISIT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Siliziumtechnologie (Itzehoe) ISL Imperceptible Structured Light

ISL Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis, Deutsch-Französisches Forschungsinstitut Sant-Louis ISL Inter-Satellite Link (Telekommunikation) ISM In Situ Monitoring ISM Industrial Scientific Medicine (433 MHz-Frequenzband) und Bluetooth: 2,45 GHz-Band (lizenzfrei) ISM Interstellares Medium ISMA International Symposium on Musical Acoustics ISN Institut des Sciences Nucléaires (Grenoble, Frankreich) ISNA International Symposium on Nonlinear Acoustics ISNR Improvement in SNR (Bildbearbeitung) ISNS Inside Science News Service (USA) ISO Infrared Space Observatory (1995) ISO International Standards Organization ISOL Isospin Separation Online ISOL Isotope Separator Online ISOLDE Innerstädtischer Service mit optimierten logistischen Dienstleistungen ISORAC Infrared Spectroscopy of Ozone and Related Atmospheric Constituents ISOS Internet-Spanning Operating System (noch hypothetisch)

ISO/SR ISO Search Retrieval ISP In-System Programmable (devices) ISP Internet Service Provider ISPRAM In Situ Processing of Aluminium Matrix Composites ISR Integrated Switch Router (Internet) ISR Initial Submission Rate (Datennetz) ISRN International Standard Technical Report Number ISS International Space Station ISSCC International Solid-State Circuits Conference ISSN International Standard Series Number ISSS International Society of Soil Sciences ISST [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Software- und Systemtechnik (Berlin) IST [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Schicht- und Oberflächentechnik (Braunschweig) IST Internal Set Theory (Interne Mengenlehre) ISTC International Science and Technology Center (Moskau) ISTP Information Society Technologies Programme ISTR Inverse Sequence-Tagged Repeat (DNA-Markertechnologie) ISUP ISDN User Part ISVR Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (Southampton, UK) ISX-B Impurity Studies Experiment B (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Oak Ridge) ISY International Space Year (1992) IT Information Technology, Informationstechnik ITA [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung (Hannover). (Ab 2003: ITEM) ITAEG Information Technology Advisory Experts Group ITB Internationale Tourismusbörse (Berlin) ITC inferior-temporaler Cortex ITC International Typeface Corporation ITD Interaural Time Difference ITEA Information Technology for European Advancement

I-TEC Innovations- und Technologie-Eigenkapital (EU-Programm) ITEM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung (Hannover). (Bis 2002: ITA) ITER International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (Fusionsreaktortechnik) ITF Infrared Telescope Facility (Mauna Kea, HI, USA) ITFS Instructional TV Fixed Service

ITG Informationstechnische Gesellschaft (im VDE) ITGS Intelligent Traffic Guidance System (Tokio) ITiS Informations-Technik in Schiffen ITLR Institut für Thermodynamik der Luft- und Raumfahrt (Uni Stuttgart) ITO Indium Tin Oxide ITRI Industrial Technology Research Institute (Taiwan) ITRI Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (Albuquerque, NM, USA) ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS Intelligentes Tutorsystem ITSEC Information Technologies Security Evaluation Criteria (Telekommunikation) ITSP Internet Telephony Service Provider ITS-90 International Temperature Scale of 1990 ITU [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Umwelthygiene (München) ITU International Telecommunication(s) Union (Genf, Schweiz) ITU-R ITU Radiocommunication Sector ITU-T ITU-Telecommunications ITU-TS ITU Telecommunication Standards ITWM [Fraunhofer-]Institut für Techno- und Wirtschaftsmathematik (Kaiserslautern) IUAES Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences IUCAF Inter-Union Commission on the Allocation of Frequencies for Radio and Space Sciences IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources IUCr International Union of Crystallography IUCT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie (Schmallenberg) IUE International Ultraviolet Explorer (Satellit) IUGG International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics IuK Information und Kommunikation (eine Initiative der wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaften) IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry IUPAP International Union of Pure and Applied Physics IUPUI Indiana University - Purdue University at Indianopolis IUT Institut Universitaire de Technologie IUTA Institut für Umwelttechnologie und Umweltanalytik (Duisburg) IUTAM International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics IUVSTA International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique, and Applications IVAS Internet Value Added Services IVF In Vitro Fertilization IVH Institut für Verkehrswirtschaft (Hannover) IVK Intelligente Verteilerkästen IVM Industrie-Verband Motorrad e.V. IVoD Interaktives Video on Demand IVPN International Virtual Private Network (Telekommunikation) IVR Interactive (or: Integrated) Voice Response IVSE Information and Voice Services Environment (Telekommunikation) IVV [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung (München, ab 1.1.98, vorher: ILV) IWF Institut für Wild- und Zootierforschung (Berlin) IWF Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film (Göttingen) IWF Internationaler Währungsfonds IWH Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle IWM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkstoffmechanik (Freiburg) IWMI International Water Management Institute (Sri Lanka) IWR Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (Univ. Heidelberg) IWRB International Waterfowl Research Bureau

IWS [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkstoff- und Strahltechnik (Dresden) IWS Institut für Werkstoffphysik und Strukturforschung IWTZ Internationales Wissenschafts- und Technik-Zentrum (Moskau) IWU [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik (Chemnitz) IWU Inter Working Unit IWZ Informationszentrum Wärmepumpen und Kältetechnik IXC Inter-Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) IYPT International Young Physicists Tournament IZB Informationszentrum Benchmarking (am IPK) IZE Informationszentrale der Elektrizitätswirtschaft IZF Instituut voor Zintuigfysiologie (TNO, Soesterberg, NL) (Zintuig: Sinnes...) IZFP [Fraunhofer-] Institut für zerstörungsfreie Prüfung (Saarbrücken) IZM [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Zuverlässigkeit und Mikrointegration (Berlin und München) IZT Institut für Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung (Berlin)

J

J. Journal J2ME Java 2 Micro Edition

JACC Joint Automatic Control Conference JAERI Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute JAIN JAVA for IN (Telekommunikation) JASA Journal of the Acoustical Society of America JCT Joint Central Team (ITER) JCT Junction (US Mail) JDBC JAVA Database Connectivity (Telekommunikation) JDK JAVA Development Kit JDMK JAVA Dynamic Management Kit (Telekommunikation) JECC Joint ETSI/ECMA Committee (TC im ETSI) JEDEC Joint Electronic Device Engineering Council JEIDA Japan Electronic Industry Development Association JEP Joint European Project JES JAVA Embedded Server JESSI Joint European Submicron Silicon JET Joint European Torus (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Culham, Oxford, England) JETRO Japanese External Trade Organization JFT-2M Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Tokai, Japan) JGHF Johann-Gottfried-Herder-Forschungsrat (Marburg) JGOFS Joint Global Ocean Flux Study JHP Japan Hadron Project (Protonenbeschleuniger) JICST Japan Information Center of Science and Technology (Datenbank) JIDM Joint Interdomain Management (Telekommunikation) JIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

JIF Joint Infrastructure Fund (UK) JILA Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (Boulder, CO, USA) JINR Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russland) JLC Japanese Linear Collider JMS Java Message Service JMX JAVA Management Extensions JNX Japan Network Exchange

Joides Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (Zusammenschluss von Meeresforschungsinstituten) JOSA Journal of the Optical Society of America JPEG Joint Photographic (or: Pictures) Expert Group (Bildcodierung) JPG siehe JPEG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Pasadena, CA, USA) JPS Physical Society of Japan JRC Joint Research Centre (EU) JRDC Japanese Research and Development Corporation JRS Japanese Rocket Society

JSAP The Japan Society of Applied Physics JSASS Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences JSC Johnson Space Center (USA) JSME Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers JSNS Japan Spallation Neutron Source JSP JAVA Server Pages JSPMI Japan Society for the Promotion of Machine Industry JSS Java Script Style JST Japan Science and Technology Corporation JT-60 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Naka, Japan) JTC EBU/ETSI Joint Technical Committee (TC im ETSI) JTEC Japanese Technology Evaluation Center JVC Japanese Victor Company JVM Java Virtual Machine J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition

J2SE Java 2 Standard Edition

K

KAFOR (Internationale Friedenstruppe für das Kosovo) KAI Koordinierungs- und Aufbauinitiative e.V. [für die Forschung in Berlin und den neuen Bundesländern] KAI-AdW Koordinierungs- und Abwicklungsstelle für die Akademie der Wissenschaften KAIST Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology KAM-Theorie Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser-Theorie (nichtlineares Schwingungssystem), [Andrej] Kolmogorov - [Wladimir] Arnold - [Jürgen] Moser KAS Kanalserver KASCADE Karlsruhe Shower Core and Array Detector (für kosmische Strahlung, seit 1996) KATHY Key Authentication KAVA Kommission für Allgemeine und Vergleichende Archäologie (Bonn) KB Knowledge Base kbps kilobit/Sekunde (= 1024 Bits/Sekunde)

KDC Key-Distribution Center KDE K Desktop Environment KDI Keybord and Display KDP Kaliumdihdrogenphosphat KDT Kammer der Technik (Ostdeutsche Ingenieure) KDV Kriegsdienstverweigerer KE Kentucky (US-Staat) KEG Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes KEK [National Laboratory for High-Energy Physics] (Tsukuba, Japan) KEMAR Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustic Research KEOPS Krystal European in-Orbit Positioning System KEP Kurier, Express, Paket KET Komitee für Elementarteilchenphysik KFA Forschungszentrum Jülich KFC Konferenz der Fachbereiche Chemie KfK Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe KFN Komitee für die Forschung mit Neutronen KFP Konferenz der Fachbereiche Physik der Deutschen Hochschulen KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau Kfz Kraftfahrzeug KGN Körperschall-Geräuschnormal kgV kleinstes gemeinsames Vielfaches KHK Koronare Herzkrankheit KHM Kunsthochschule für Medien (Köln) KI künstliche Intelligenz KIE Kintetsu International Express (Übersee-Büros von KNT) KIF Knowledge Interchange Format KIS Kiepenheuer-Institut für Sonnenphysik (Freiburg) KIS Knowbot Information Service (Rechnernetz-Service) KIS Kontaktstellen-Informations-Service KIS Krankenhausinformationssystem KIST Korean Institute for Science and Technology KKK Kryo-Kanal Köln (DLR, Köln, Porz-Wahnheide) KKW Kernkraftwerk KL Kathodenlumineszenz KL künstliches Leben KMG Koordinatenmessgerät KMI Knowledge Media Institute (UK, Fernuniversität) KMI Körpermasse-Index (= BMI = M/L2, M: Körpermasse, L: Körperlänge) (Optimum: 20 ... 25 kg/m2) KMK Ständige Konferenz der Kultusminister der Länder in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland KMU kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (bis 1000 Beschäftigte) [= SME] KNN künstliches neuronales Netz(werk) KNT Kinki Nippon Tourist (Japanisches Tourismus-Unternehmen) KOSEF Korea Science Engineering Foundation KOSIMO Konfliktsimulationsmodell (Institut für Politische Wissenschaft, Heidelberg) KOWI Koordinierungsstelle (EG) der Wissenschaftsorganisationen (der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) (Bonn) (EU) KPGLB Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt und Bergakademie KQML Knowledge, Query and Manipulation Language KR Kommunikationsrechner KS Kansas (US-Staat) KSE Konventionelle Streitkräfte in Europa (Vertrag über ...) KSTAR Korean Superconductivity Tokamak Advanced Research (Fusionsreaktorprojekt) KSZE Konferenz über Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa KTB Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (= ICDP) KTG Kerntechnische Gesellschaft KTP Kaliumtitanylphosphat KTP Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm KVK Krankenversicherungskarte KWG Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften KWI Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut KWIC Keyword in Context Index (,,permutierter Index'') KWU Kraftwerk Union

L

LA Local Authority LA Lousiana (US-Staat) LAAPD Large-Area Avalanche Photodiode LAC Low Authority Control LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) LAK Lymphokine Activated Killer (Zellen) LAM Local Area Multicomputer LAMA Large-Aperture Mirror Array (of LZTs) LAMPF Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility LAMS Load Alleviation and Mode Stabilization (Flugzeug) LAN Local Area Network (Rechnernetze) LANE Local Area Network Emulation (Telekommunikation) LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory (USA) LANSCE Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANL) LAP LAN Access Point LaRC Langley Research Center (NASA) LARC Livermore Automatic Research Computer (1955) LAS Lateral Active Suspension LASCO Large Angle Spectroscopic Coronograph (an Bord von SOHO) Laser Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LASIK Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis (Augenchirurgie) LASSO Langfristige Anwendungen seilgefesselter Systeme im Orbit LBF [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Betriebsfestigkeit (Darmstadt) LBG Lautsprachbegleitende Gebärden

LBL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (CA, USA) LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley, CA, USA) LBS Landesbausparkasse LBS Location-Based Services (Telekommunikation) LBSF Local Back Surface Field (Solarzellen) LBT Large Binocular Telescope (Steward Observatory, AZ, USA) LC Link Control (Telekommunikation) LC Liquid Chromatography LCA Liquid Crystal Array LCD Liquid Crystal Display LCLS LINAC Coherent Light Source LCNP Lawyers' Committee on Nuclear Policy (USA) LCOS Liquid Crystal on Silicon (Chip) LC-PCF Liquid Crystal Photonic Crystal Fibre LCS Line Connection Subsystem (Datennetz) LCS Location Services (Telekommunikation)

LCT Large Coil Task (Karlsruhe) LCTC Low Cost Tooling for Composites LCU Local Communications Unit LCVD Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition LD Laserdiode LD letale Dosis LDA Laser Doppler Anemometer, Laser Doppler Anemometry LDA Low-Density Amorphous (Ice) LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (Telekommunikation) LBD (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Access-Lockdatei)

LDF Local Density Functional LDL Low-Density Lipoprotein LDL Low-Density Liquid LDP Label Distribution Path (Telekommunikation)

LDPE Low Density Polyethylene LDR Large Disployable Reflector (Satelliten) LDS Lower-Data-Strobe (Atari) LDV Laser Doppler Velocimetry LEAP Lasers and Electro-Optics Application Program (CLEO/LEAP) LEAP Lightweight Extensible Agent Platform (Agenten-Plattform für Mobiltelefone)

LEAR Low Energy Antiproton Ring (CERN) LEBU Large Eddy Break-up Device LEC Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cell LEC Liquid Encapsulated Czochralski (Kristallzuchtverfahren) LEC Local Exchange Carrier (Telekommunikation) LECIS Laboratory Equipment Control Interface Specification LED Light-Emitting Diode LEEM Low Energy Electron Microscopy LEI Laser Enhanced Iionization LEI Local Employment Initiatives for Women (EU) LEM Local Element Manager (Kommunikation) LEMS Long End Multiple System (militärisches Aufklärungssystem, USA) LEN Laboratoire Energie Nuisances (Teil von INRETS) LENS (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Florenz, I) LEO Low Earth Orbit (Satellit) LEOS Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (IEEE) LEP Large Electron Positron Collider (CERN) LER Label Edge Router (Telekommunikation) LEST Large Earth-Based Solar Telescope LET Linear Energy Transfer LETI (Forschungslaboratorium der CEA in Grenoble) LEU Low-Enriched Uranium (?) (niedrig angereichertes Uran) LF Low Frequency (30 - 300 kHz) LFC Laminar Flow Control LFM Lateral Force Microscopy LGPL Lesser General Public License LHASA Logic and Heuristics Applied to Synthetic Analysis LHC Large Hadron Collider (CERN, geplant für 2004-2005) LHCC LHC Committee LHD Large Helical Device (NIFS) LHD Left Hemisphere Damage (Hirnschäden)

LHF Local Hidden Variable (Quantentheorie) LIA Laser Institute of America (Toledo, OH, USA) LIBS Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy LIC Local Interstellar Cloud LID Local Injection and Detection (Kommunikation) LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging LIF Laser Induced Fluorescence LIF Location Interoperability Forum (Telekommunikation)

LIF-ENSTA-X (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Palaiseau, Frankreich) LIGA-Verfahren Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformtechnik [Röntgentiefenlithographie mit Synchrotronstrahlung, kombiniert mit galvanischer Metallabscheidung und verschiedenen Abformprozessen] LIGO Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (Livingston, LA, USA, Einweihung: Nov. 1999, Messungen ab 2002) LIM Line Interface Module LIMS Laboratory Information Management System, Labor-Informations- und Managementsystem (Qualitätssicherung) LINAC Linear Accelerator (50 GeV, Stanford, SLAC) LIPS Light Intensity Pressure Sensor LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (Gravitationswellendetektor aus 3 Satelliten, geplant für 2011) LISB Leit- und Informationssystem Berlin (Verkehrsführung) LISM Local Interstellar Medium LISP List Programming (or: Processing) LiST Laser-induziertes Spannungs-Trennverfahren (Glasschneiden) LITE Lidar-in-Space Technology LITT Laser-Induced Interstitial Tomography LIVA Light-Induced Voltage Alteration LK Lake (US Mail) LK Leistungskurs LL Leased Line (Telekommunikation) LL Leichte Löcher (Halbleiterphysik) LLC (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Lund, Schweden) LLC Limited-Liability Company LLC Logical Link Control (Telekommunikation) LLCC Leadless Chip Carrier LLDPE Linear Low Density Polyethylene LLG Laser-Laboratium Göttingen LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (Livermore, CA, USA) LLW Low-Level Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) LM Link Manager (Telekommunikation) LMA, L.M.A. Laboratoire de la mécanique et d'acoustique (CNRS, Marseille, France) LMDS Local Multichannel (or: Multipoint) Distribution Service(s) LMIS Liquid Metal Ion Sources LMS Least Mean Square (Algorithmus) LMT Large Millimeter Telescope (Mexico) LMT Local Maintenance Terminal (Telekommunikation)

LMU Local Mobile Unit (Telekommunikation) LMU Location Measurement Unit (Telekommunikation)

LMU Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (München) LMXB Low-Mass X-Ray Binary (Röntgendoppelstern) LN Lane (US Mail) LNA Low Noise Amplifier LNB Low-Noise Block (Converter) LNC Low-Noise Converter (Telekommunikation) LNG Liquified Natural Gas (für den Transport verflüssigtes Erdgas) LNGS [Nationallabor Gran Sasso] (Italien) LNK (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows-Linkdatei)

LO Local Oscillator (Telekommunikation) LOA Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée (Ecole Polytechnique, Frankreich) LOC Lab-on-a-Chip LOCOS Local Oxidation of Silicon; Lokale Oxidation von Silizium LOE Lasers and Optical Engineering (Conference) LOKAL Leckortung durch Korrelationsanalyse LORAN Long Range Navigation LOS Line of Sight (Telekommunikation)

LOT Lapped Orthogonal Transform LOTIS Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System (USA)

LOVA Low Vulnerability Ammunition (Sprengstoff) LOVER Local Verification (Atomenergie-Kontrolle) LP Larch Prover LPC Laser Processing Consortium LPC Linear Predictive Coding LPCVD Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition LPE Liquid Phase Epitaxy (Waferherstellung) LPF Low Pass Filter LP-MOVPE Low Pressure Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy LPPP Poly(p-Phenylen)-Polymer (für Leuchtdioden) LPS Lokales Positionssystem

LQG Linear Quadratic Gaussian (Control) LQR Linear Quadratic Regulator (Control) LRC Lokale realistische Theorie LRL Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (Berkeley, CA, USA) LRT Laser Ray Tracing LRTNF Long-Range Theatre Nuclear Forces LRZ Leibniz-Rechenzentrum (München) LS Least Square(s) LS Location Service (Telekommunikation) LSA Link State Advertisement (Telekommunikation) LSB Low-Surface-Brightness (Galaxien) LS & C Local Space & Communications (Telekommunikation) LSDB Link State Database (Telekommunikation) LSE Low Surface Energy

LS-GMLC Location Server-Gateway Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation)

LSM Laser Scanning Microscope LSM La1-xSrxMnO3 (Material für Brennstoffzelle) LSM Link Security Management (Telekommunikation) LSND Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector LSP Label(ed) Switch(ed) Path (Telekommunikation) LSP Line Spectral Pair (LPC-Analyse) LSPD Link State Path Database (Telekommunikation) LSR Label Switched Router (Telekommunikation) LSS Large Space Structure LSST Large-Aperture Synoptic Survey Telescope (geplant) LSSTP Large Space Structures Technology Program LST Laser Scattering Tomograph LT Line Termination (Kommunikation) LTA Landesmuseum für Technik und Arbeit (Mannheim) LTCC Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic(s) LTD Laser Display Technology Ltd. Limited (GB, entspricht Aktiengesellschaft oder GmbH) LTER Long Term Ecological Research LTP Long-Term Potentiation (Neurologie) LTR Long Terminal Repeats (Viren) LTS Low-Tc Superconductor LTV Life Time Value

LULI Laboratoire Utilisation des Lasers Intense (Laboratory for the Use of High Power Laser) (France) LUN Logical Unit Number LUPO Luminescent Polymer LURE Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation du Rayonnement Electromagnétique (Ile de France) LURE Lunar Laser Ranging LWA Landesamt für Wasser und Abfall (Düsseldorf) LWDRM Light Weight Digital Rights Management LWFA Laser Wakefield Accelerator (Plasmabeschleuniger) LWL Lichtwellenleiter LZB Linienzugbeeinflussung LZF LZB-Fahrzeugeinrichtung LZH (Dateinamenerweiterung: Archivdatei mit komprimierten Inhalten)

LZH Laser Zentrum Hannover LZT Large Zenith Telescope (proposed, with spinning mercury mirror) L2CAP Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (Telekommunikation) L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (Datenübertragung)

M

MA Massachusetts (US-Staat) MA Moving Average (gleitende Mittelung, Glättungsfilter) MAB Man and Biosphere (Naturschutz)

MAC Marine Aquatic Council (Internationale nichtkommerzielle Organisation)

MAC Medium Access Control (Layer) (DECT) MAC Message Authenticity Check (or: Code) (Datennetz) MACH Multiple Active Computer-Generated Hologram MACHO Massive Astrophysical Compact Halo Objects MacOS Macintosh Operating System MACRO Monopole, Astrophysics and Cosmic Ray Observatory (Gran Sasso, Italien) MAD Magnetron Activated Deposition (Dünne Schichten) MAGIC Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov Telescope (La Palma, Kanarische Inseln) Maglev Magnetic Levitation MAHRSI Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation MAISEC Material-Informationssystem für elektronische Komponenten MAK Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration MALDI Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization MALVINE Manuscripts and Letters via Integrated Networks in Europe MAMI Mainzer Mikrotron (Elektronenbeschleuniger) MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg/Nürnberg MAN Metropolitan Area Network (Rechnernetze) MANIAC Mathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator, and Computer (Los Alamos, NM, USA, ca. 1950) MAO Methylaluminoxan (Katalysator) MAP Manufacturing Automation Protocol (Datennetz von GM) MAP Medium Access Protocol MAP Microwave Anisotropy Probe (Satellit, Astrophysik)

MAP Miniaturisierung, Automatisierung und Parallelisierung (Chemie-Forschung) MAP Mobile Application Part (Telekommunikation) MAP Multimedia-Arbeitsplatz

MAPL Maximum Allowable Path Loss (Telekommunikation)

MAPLE Matrix-Assisted Pulsed-Laser Evaporation MAPOS Multi-Agent Platform for Online Services (Telekommunikation) MARAS Marine Radiometric Spectrometer MAS Master of Advanced Studies Maser Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation MASIF Mobile Agent Systems Interoperability Facility (Telekommunikation) MAST Mega-Amp Spherical Tokamak (Culham, UK) MathML Mathematical Markup Language MATLAB Matrix Laboratory (Software) MAU Million Accounting Units (Europ. Raumfahrt; 1988: 1 MAU = 1,14 Mill.$) MAXIMA Millimeter Anisotropy Experiment Imaging Array (Ballon-Experiment) MB Megabyte (= 1024 kB = 1048576 Bit)

MBA Master of Business Administration MBB Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, München MBE Molecular-Beam Epitaxy MBI Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (Berlin-Adlershof) MBO Management Buy Out MBPC Model Based Predictive Control MBSL Multi-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Mehrblasenlumineszenz MC Monte-Carlo (Simulation) MCAO Multiconjugate Adaptive Optics MCB Media Control Board MCC Mobile Competence Center (Telekommunikation)

MCCM Meterology Climate Chemistry Model MCD Magnetic Circular Dichroism MCD Mobile Communication Division MCDAD Magnetic Circular Dichroism in Angular Distribution MCFC Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell MCG Magneto-Cummulative Generator MCHA Music and Concert Hall Acoustics (International Symposium) MCM Multi-Chip Module MCO Mars Climate Observer MCP Microchannel Plate, Mikrokanalplatte, Vielkanalplattendetektor MCPC Multiple Channel per Carrier (Telekommunikation) MCS Mathematics Subjects Classification MCSCF Multi-Configuration Self-Consistent-Field (-Rechnung, Molekülphysik) MCT Mobile Communications Terminal MCU Master Controller Unit MD Maryland (US-Staat) MD Medical Doctor MDA Missile Defense Agency (USA) MDAQ Mediation and Data Acquisition (Telekommunikation) MDB (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Access-Datenbank)

MdB Mitglied der Bundestages MDC Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (Berlin-Buch) MDCT Multidetektor-Spiral-Computertomograph

MdEP Mitglied des Europäischen Parlaments MDF mitteldichte Faserplatte MDI Diphenylmethylendiisocyanat MDI Michelson Doppler Imager (an Bord von SOHO) MdL Mitglied des Landtages MDOF Multi-Degree-of-Freedom (System) MDR Multi-Drug Resistance (Gene) MDS Multipoint Distribution System (Telekommunikation) MDU Multiple Dwelling Units (Telekommunikation) MDV Medizinische Datenverarbeitung ME Magnitude Error (Telekommunikation) ME Maine (US-Staat) ME Millenium Edition (Microsoft Windows) ME Mobile Entity (or: Equipment) (Telekommunikation) MEDEA Microelectronics Development for European Applications

MEET Man Models for Simulation of Electromagnetic, Elastomechanic and Thermic Behaviour of Man MEF Metropolitain Ethernet Forum (Telekommunikation) MEFX Multiple Error Filtered-x (Algorithm) MEG Magnet(o)enzephalographie, Magnetoencephalography MEGACO Media Gateway Controller (Telekommunikation)

MELCO Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELDOQ Melanomdokumentierung und -quantifizierung MELECON Mediterraneau Electrotechnical Conference MELP Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction (Sprachcodierung) MEM Maximum Entropy Method MEM Micro-Electronic Micro Machine

MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems MEO Medium Earth Orbit MEOSS Monocular Electro-Optical Stereo Scanner MER Modulation Error Rate MERIS Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (ENVISAT) MERLIN Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer (Astrophysik) MES Manufacturing Execution System MESA Microsystems and Engineering Science Application (Albuquerque, NM, USA: geplant für 2004) MESFET Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor MET Memory Enhancement Technology META Megachannel Extraterrestrial Assay (Suche nach außerirdischer Intelligenz) METI Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) METRIC Exploitation of Bibliometric Data in National Bibliographic Databases MExE Mobile Station Execution Environment (Telekommunikation) MEXH Multiple-Energy X-Ray Holography MF Medium Frequency (0,3 - 3 MHz) MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes MFLAME Multi-Function Future Laser Atmospheric Equipment (Brite Euram Project) MFM Magnetic Force Microscopy MFP Multi Function Peripheral MfS Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (DDR) MFS Multi-BSS Fast Packet Server (Telekommunikation) MG Media Gateway (Telekommunikation) MGC Media Gateway Controller (Telekommunikation) MGC Micro-Gap Gas Counter MGCF Media Gateway Control Function (Telekommunikation)

MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) MGH Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston, MA, USA) MGS Mars Global Surveyor MGU (Moskauer Staatliche Universität) MGW Media GateWay (Telekommunikation)

MHB Magnus-Haus Berlin (DPG) MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex (Biochemie) MHD Magnetohydrodynamic (Fusionsreaktortechnik) MIB Managament Information Base MI Michigan (US-Staat) MIC Mikroelektronik Centret (DK-Lyngby) MIC Minimal-Invasive Chirurgie

MIC [IASTED International Conference on] Modelling, Identification and Control MICAPEX Minimum Initial Capital Expenditure MID (Dateinamenerweiterung: MIDI-Datei)

MIDI Musical Instruments Digital Interface MIDP Mobile Intelligent Device Profile MIF Makrophagen-Inhibitionsfaktor MIIR Méthode d'isolement et d'identification des résonances MIKSS (gesprochen: "mix") Media Object Interlock and Synthesis (Video description language)

MIL [Department of Defense] (Internet, USA) MILCOM Military Communications Conference MIMD Multiple Instruction / Multiple Data (Parallelrechner) MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail(ing) Extension(s) MIMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits MIMO Multiple Input - Multiple Output (Controller, System) MIMOS Miniaturisiertes Mössbauer-Spektrometer MINUET Minnesota Internet User's Essential Tool (Rechnernetz-Server) MIO Modular I/O (HP) MIPAS Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (ENVISAT) MIPS Million instructions (Mega-Instructions) per second MIPS Münchner Informationszentrum für Proteinsequenzen MIRV Multiple Independently Targetable Reentry Vehicles MIS Management Information System MISACT Multiple Interacting Sensors and Actuators MISIM Metal-Isolator-Semiconductor-Isolator-Metal MISO Multiple Input - Single Output (Controller, System) MISR Multiangle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) MIT Management Information Tree MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT minimal-invasives Therapieverfahren MITI [Institut für] Minimalinvasive therapeutische Interventionen (TU München) MITI Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan) MIUH Medizinisches Institut für Umwelthygiene (Düsseldorf) MKG Magnetokardiographie mks Meter - Kilogramm - Sekunde (Maßsystem) ML Maximum Likelihood MLA Modern Language Association

MLC Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation) MLC Multileaf Collimator (Röntgentechnik) MLCF Maximum Likelihood Confidence Factor MLE Maximum Likelihood Estimation

MLE Medium to Large Enterprise MLO Mycoplasma-like Organism MLP Mobile Location Protocol (Telekommunikation)

MLP Multi-Layer Perceptron MLS Mikrowellenlandesystem MLTU Monitoring and Line Transmission Unit (Telekommunikation) MM Mobile Management (Telekommunikation)

MM Multi Mode (Telekommunikation)

MMAS MultiMedia Application Server (Telekommunikation) MMC Maintainance, Monitoring and Control MMC Multimedia Multiparty Conferencing MMCF Multimedia Communication Forum MMCOI Multimedia Communication Comments of Interest MMCS MultiMedia Call Server (Telekommunikation) MMDS MultiMedia Distribution System (Telekommunikation)

MMG Massive Multi-Player Online Games MMI Man Machine Interface MMIC Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit(ry) MMCOM Mobile Millimeter Communications (IEEE Workshop) MMS Manufacturing Message Standard MMS Mission Management System MMS Multimedia Messaging Service (Telekommunikation)

MMSE Multimedia Services Environment (Telekommunikation) MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error MMT Monolithic Mirror Telescope (University of Arizona) MMU Memory Management Unit MMX Multi Media Extensions MN Minnesota (US-Staat) MNPQ Mess-, Normen-, Prüf- und Qualitätswesen MNT Mononitrotoluol MNU Deutscher Verein zur Förderung des mathematischen und naturwissenschaftlichen Unterrichts MO Missouri (US-Staat) MoBIC Mobilität für Blinde durch die Interaktion mit einem Computer MOCVD Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition MODFET Modulation-Doped Field Effect Transistor, Modulations-dotierter Feldeffekt-Transistor MODIS Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) MOE Molecular Operating Environment MOEL Mittel- und Osteuropäische Länder MOEMS Micro-Opto-Electromechanical System (Telekommunikation) MOLA Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter MOLI Microsoft Online Learning Institute MOMBE Metallorganische Molekularstrahlepitaxie MOMS Modularer Optoelektronischer Multispektral-Scanner MONET Mobile Network (Telekommunikation)

MOPA Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (Telekommunikation) MOPITT Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) MOS Mean Opinion Score (Telekommunikation) MOS Metal-Oxide Semiconductor MOS Monitor-Server MOSA Ministry of Science and the Arts (Israel) MOSFET Metalloxid-Silicium-Feldeffekt-Transistor Metal Oxide Field-Effect Transistor Semiconductor MOSIS MOS Implementation System MOST Ministry of Science and Technology (Korea) MOT Magneto-Optic Trap MOU Memorandum of Understanding MOV (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei)

MOVIC International Conference on Motion and Vibration Control MOVPE Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy MOX Mixed-Oxide Fuel, Mischoxid (Kernreaktor) MP North Mariana Island (US Mail) MPAe Max-Planck-Institut für Aeronomie (Lindau/Harz) MPC Model Predictive Control(ler) MPDR Multipoint Digital Radio (Telekommunikation) MPE Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (Garching) MPE Maximum Permissible Exposure MPEG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei)

MPEG Motion (or: Moving) Picture(s) Expert(s) Group (Bildcodierung) MPG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Video-Datei)

MPG Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. MPI Max-Planck-Institut MPI Message Passing Interface (Parallelrechner) MPI Multi-Photonen-Ionisation MPIC Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (Mainz) MPIF Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung (Stuttgart) MPIRE Massively Parallel Interactive Rendering Environment MPIZ Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung (Köln) MPL Mars Polar Lander MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching (Rechnernetze) MP.lambda.S Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching (optische Telekommunikation) MPM Microstructured Photonic Material MPMP Microwave Point to Multipoint (Telekommunikation) MPMS Magnetic Property Measurement System MPOA Multi-Protocol over ATM (Rechnernetze) MPP Massively Parallel Processing (Rechner) MPQ Max-Plack-Institut für Quantenoptik (Garching) MPR Multi-Path Routing (Telekommunikation) MPRESS (Mathematik-Literaturservice)

MPS Max Planck Society (MPG in englischen Texten) MPS Mission Planning System MPSR Multi-Path Self Routing (Telekommunikation) MPT Ministry of Post and Telecommunications (Japan) MPWS Multi-Protocol Wavelength Switching (Telekommunikation)

MP3 MPEG Layer 3 (Dateinamenerweiterung: Audio-Datei) MQW Multiple Quantum Well MR Magnetresonanz (-Tomographie) MRA Mutual Recognition Arrangement (Metrologie) MRAM Magnetic Random Access Memory MRAO Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (bei Cambridge, UK) MRBM Medium-Range Ballistic Missile MRF Magnetorheological Fluid MRF (Multi)Media Resource Function (Telekommunikation) MRFM Magnetic Resonance Force Microscope (und: ... Microscopy) MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRM Magnetresonanz-Mikroskopie mRNA Messenger RNA MRO Magdalena Ridge Observatory (New Mexico, USA) MRO Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul MRP Market Representation Partners (Telekommunikation)

MRP Material Resource Planning MRS Materials Research Society (USA) MRS Media Ressource Service (SIPI) MRT Magnetresonanz-Tomographie MS Mass Spectrometry M/S Master/Slave M.S. Master of Science MS Media Server (Telekommunikation)

MS Member State MS Mississippi (US-Staat) MS Mobile Station (Telekommunikation) MS Multiple Sklerose

MSAM Multi-Service Access Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) MSAS Multi-Function Transport Satellite-Based Augmentation System (Satellitennavigation, Japan) M.Sc. Master of Science

MSC Message Sequence Chart (Telekommunikation) MSC Mobile (Services) Switching Centre (Telekommunikation) MSD Mass Selective Detector MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System MSE Mission Success Evaluation MSE Mean Square Error MSG Meteosat Second Generation (geplant für 2000) MSGC Micro-Strip Gas Detector MSI Medium Scale Integration MSISDN Mobile Station ISDN Number MSK Minimum (or: Maximum) Shift Keying (Datenübertragung) MSM Metal-Semiconductor-Metal (Photodetektoren) MSN Microsoft Network (Datennetz) MSN Moscow Society of Naturalists MSN Multi-Service Node (Telekommunikation) MSO Multiple Systems Operators (Telekommunikation) MSOP Mini Small Outline Package (SMD-Gehäuse) MSP Mobile Service Provider (Telekommunikation)

MSP Multiplex Section Protection MSRI Mathematical Science(s) Research Institute (Berkeley, CA, USA) MSS MAN Switching System MSS Mass Storage System MSS Mobile Satellite System (Telekommunikation) MS-SP Multiple Section - Section Protection (Telekommunikation) MS-SPRING Multiple(xer) Section Shared Protection Ring (Telekommunikation) MST Mikrosystemtechnik MST Multiple Spanning Tree (Telekommunikation) MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (Telekommunikation) MSTV Maximum Service Television MSU Michigan State University (USA) MSW Media Switch MSY Maximal Sustained Yield (Ökonomie) MT Montana (US-Staat) MTBF Mean Time Before Failure (or: Between Failures) MTCO Minimum Total Cost of Ownership MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime MTF Modulation Transfer Function MTG Marine-Technik-Gesellschaft (Hamburg) MTG Mikroelektronik- und Technologiegesellschaft (Ostdeutschland) MTJ Magnetic Tunnel Junction MTMOS Methyl-Trimethoxysilane MTN Mountain (US Mail) MTN Multilateral Trade Negotiations MTP Message Transfer Part MTS Methods for Testing and Specification (TC im ETSI) MTSat Multifunctional Transport Satellite MTTR Mean Time To Repair (or: Restore) (Telekommunikation) MUD Multi User Dungeon (or: Dimension, or: Dialog) (Rechnernetz-Spiele) MuK Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft MULTOPS Multi-Level Tree for Online Packet Statistics (Telekommunikation) MURA Midwest University Research Association (USA) MUSC Microgravity User Support Center (DLR, Köln-Porz) MUSE Multiple Sub-Nyquist-Sampling Encoding MUSIC Multiple Signal Classification MUSICAM Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Subband Integrated Coding and Multiplexing (Digitalrundfunk) MVIP Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol (Telekommunikation) MVNO Mobile Virtual Network Operators (Telekommunikation)

MVST Multilayer Vertically Stacked Capacitors MVTS Multivariable Technological Systems (IFAC Symposium) MWIF Mobile Wireless Internet Forum (Telekommunikation)

MWK Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst MWNT Multi Wall Nanotubes MWR Microwave Radiometer (ENVISAT)

MXCD magnetischer Röntgenzirkulardichroismus M-Z Mach-Zehnder (Interferometer, Modulator) MZI Mach-Zehnder-Interferometer M2E Mouth-to-Ear (Telekommunikation)

N

NA Network Aspects (TC im ETSI) NA Normenausschuss NAB National Association of Broadcasters of America NABU Naturschutzbund Deutschland

NACA National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (USA) NACCH Network Access and Connectivity Channel (Datenübertragung) NACCB National Accreditation Council for Certification Bodies (UK) NACP National Aids Coordination Program (Simbabwe) NAD Network Access Domain (Telekommunikation) NAD Network Application Division (Telekommunikation) NAE National Academy of Engineering (USA) NAECON National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (USA)

NAFTA North American Free Trade Area NAG Numerical Algorithms Group (UK) NAH Nearfield Acoustic Holography NAHSC National Automated Highway System Consortium (San Diego, CA, USA) NALS Normenausschuss Akustik, Lärmminderung und Schwingungstechnik NAMAS National Measurement Accreditation Service (UK) NAMUR Normenausschuss Mess- und Regeltechnik NAO Nordatlantische Oszillation (Wetter) NAOS Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System (für ESO-VLT)

NAP Network Access Point (Internet) NAPT Network Address and Port Translator (Telekommunikation) NARIC National Academic Recognition Information Centre (EU) NARPA National Advanced Research Projects Agency NAS National Academy of Sciences (USA) NAS Network Access Server (Telekommunikation) NAS [Scandinavian Acoustical Society] NASA National Aeronautics and Space Agency (USA) NASP National Aerospace Plane NA/STAG Network Aspects/Security Techniques Advisory Group (TC im ETSI) NAT Network Address Translation (Telekommunikation) NAT Nitric Acid Trihydrate (HNO3·3(H2O)) NATLAS National Testing Laboratory Accreditation Service (UK) NATO North-Atlantic Treaty Organization NAV Navigation

NB Narrowband NB Normal Burst (Telekommunikation) NBI Neutral-Beam Injection (Fusionsreaktortechnik) NBMA Non-Broadcast Multiple Access NB-RAS Narrowband Remote Access Server (Telekommunikation) NBRF National Biomedical Research Foundation (USA) NBS National Bureau of Standards (USA) NC Network Computer NC North Carolina (US-Staat) NC Numeric Control NCA Netherlands Centre on Animal Use NCAC National Council of Acoustical Consultants (USA) NCAR National Center for Atmospheric Research (Boulder, CO, USA) NCC National Computing Centre (UK) NCC Network Control Centre (Datennetz) NCEJ Noise Control Engineering Journal NCI National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, MD, USA) NCI Non-Coded Information NCKU National Cheng Kung University (Tainan, Taiwan, ROC)

NCNR NIST Center for Neutron Research (Gaithersburg, MD, USA) NCP National Contact Point (ESPRIT) NCRP National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (USA) NCS Natural Color System NCS Network Control System (Datennetz) NCSA National Center for (or: of) Supercomputing Applications (USA) NCSA National Sound and Communications Association (USA) NCSU North Carolina State University ND North Dakota (US-Staat) NDC Normalized Device Coordinates NDDO New Drug Development Office (Amsterdam, EORTC) NDE Non-Destructive Evaluation NDRC National Defense Research Committee (USA) NDS Netware Directory Services (Telekommunikation) NDSC Network for Detection of Atmospheric Change NDSU North Dakota State University NDT Nondestructive Testing NE Nebraska (US-Staat) NE Network Element (Telekommunikation) NEA Near Earth Asteroid NEACP National Emergency Airborne Command Post NEAR Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous NEBS Network Equipment Building System (Telekommunikation)

NED NASA Extragalactical Database NEDLIB Networked European Deposit Library NEI Niedrig-Energie-Institut NEL National Engineering Laboratory (UK) NEL Network Element Layer (Telekommunikation) NEMS Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems NEO Near-Earth Orbit NERC National Environment Information Centre (UK) net [Network Organization] (Internet, USA) NEW National Engineers Weck NEX Narita Express (Zug zwischen Airport und Tokio) NEXT Near-End Crosstalk NEXUS Network of Excellence on Multifunctional Microsystems NF Noise Factor NFOEC National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference NFS Network File System NG New (or: Next) Generation

NGC New General Catalogue (Astronomie) NGDLC Next Generation Digital Loop Carrier (Kommunikation) NGF Nerve Growth Factor NGL Next Generation Lithography NGN Next Generation Network (Telekommunikation)

NGSO Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit NGST Next Generation Space Telescope (Nachfolger des Hubble-Teleskops, geplant) NH New Hampshire (US-Staat) NHCA National Hearing Conservation Association (USA) NHK Nippon hoso kyokai (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) NHMFL National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (Tallahassee, FL; Los Alamos, NM) NHS National Health Service (UK) NI Network Interface (Telekommunikation) NIAS Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences NIB Non-Interference Basis (Telekommunikation)

NIC Network Information Center NIC Network Interface Card NIC John von Neumann Institute for Computing (Jülich) NICHD National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Bethesda, MD, USA) NID Network Integration Division (Telekommunikation) NID Network Interface Device (Telekommunikation)

NIEHS National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (USA) NIF National Ignition Facility (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, USA) NIFS National Institute for Fusion Science (Toki City, Japan) NIH National Institute of Health (USA) NILEG Niedersächsische Landesentwicklungsgesellschaft NILU Norwegisches Institut für Luftuntersuchungen NIMA National Imagery and Mapping Agency (USA) NIME Network Information Management Entities (Telekommunikation) NiMH Nickel-Metal Hydride (Akku) NIOSH National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (USA) NIR Near-Infrared NIRIM National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials (Japan) NIRV Nederlands Instituut voor Ruimtevaart NIS New Independent States (frühere Sovietunion) NISAC National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center (USA, seit 1999)

NISO National Information Standards Organization (USA) NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA, vormals NBS) N-ISUP Narrowband ISDN User Part (Telekommunikation) NIT Network Information Table Nitinol Nickel-Titanium [intermetallic compound developed by the] Naval Ordnance Laboratory (1963) NJ New Jersey (US-Staat) NJIT New Jersey Institute of Technology NJP New Journal of Physics NK Nationalkomitee für Kristallographie NKWD [Narodny Kommissariat Wnutrennich Del] (sowjetischer Geheimdienst) NL Nonlinear

NLC Next Linear Collider NLCTA Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator NLE Non-Linear Effect NLfB-GGA Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Bodenforschung - Geowissenschaftliche Gemeinschaftsaufgaben (Hannover) NLR Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium NLR Noise Level Reduction NLRC NASA Langley Research Center (Hampton, VA, USA)

NM Network Manager (or: Management) (Telekommunikation) NM New Mexico (US-Staat) NM Neuer Markt NMC Network Management Centre (Telekommunikation) NMD National Missile Defense (USA) NMI NSF Middleware Initiative

NML Network Management Layer (Telekommunikation) NMN Niedersächsischer Monographiennachweis NMOS N-Channel MOS NMR Network Measure Radio (Telekommunikation) NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMS National Measurement System (UK) NMS Network Management System (Rechnernetze) NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone

NN Neural Network NNI National Nanotechnology Initiative (USA) NNI Network-Node (or: -Network) Interface (Rechnernetze) NNI Noise/News International (Zeitschrift) NNPA Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act NNSA National Nuclear Security Administration (DoE, USA) NNTT National New Technology Telescope (USA, war geplant, ist aber nicht realisiert) NNV Nederlandse Natuurkundige Vereniging NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA) NOAO National Optical Astronomy Observatory (USA) NOC Network Operating (or: Operations) Center (Telekommunikation) NODC National Oceanographic Data Center (NOAA, Silver Spring, MD, USA)

NOE Neutrino Oscillation Experiment (Gran Sasso, Italien) NOEKS Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics in Semiconductors NOESY Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy NOISE-CON National Conference on Noise Control Engineering (USA)

NOL Naval Ordnance Laboratory (USA) NOLM Nonlinear Optical-Loop Mirror NOMAD Neutrino Oscillation Magnetic Detector (CERN) NOMS Network Operations and Management NORAD North American Air Defense (Command) NOS National Optical Society (in Europa) NOS Network Operating System (Telekommunikation) NOW Network of Workstaions NP Nondeterministic Polynomial NP Nuclear Physics NPA Network Performance Analysis (Telekommunikation)

NPC Nomadic Personal Communications NPE Network Protection Equipment (Kommunikation) NPE Nuclear Physics Electronic NPG New General Catalogue (Astronomie) NPL National Physical Laboratory (Teddington, UK) NPOI Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (Lowell Observatory, Anderson Mesa, near Flagstaff, AZ, USA) NPP Net Primary Production (Pflanzenmasse) NPRM Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (Telekommunikation)

NPT Non-Proliferation Treaty (Atomsperrvertrag) NQR Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance NRAO National Radio Astronomy Observatory (USA) NRC National Research Council (USA) NRC Network Resource Control (Telekommunikation) NRC Non-Resonant Cavity (LED) NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRDC National Research and Development Corporation (London) NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory (Golden, CO, USA) NREN National Research and Education Network (USA) NRIM National Research Institute for Metals (Tsukuba, Japan) NRIM Network Resource Information Model NRL Naval Research Laboratory (Washington, DC, USA) NRQM Nichtrelativistische Quantenmechanik NRT Non-Real Time

NRW Nordrhein-Westfalen NRZ Non-Return-To-Zero (Telekommunikation) NSA National Security Agency (USA) NSAC Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (USA) NSAID Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs NSB National Science Board (USA)

NSBF National Scientific Balloon Facility (NASA) NSC National Security Council (USA) NSCA National Sound and Communications Association (USA) NSCL National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (USA) NSD Network Services Division NSERC Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (USA) NSF National Science Foundation (USA) NSFNET National Science Foundation Network (USA) NSG Network Strategy Group (Telekommunikation)

NSG Nuclear Suppliers Group ("Londoner Gruppe'') NSIC National Storage Industry Consortium, Inc. (Hersteller von Datenspeichern, USA)

NSM National Society Member (EPS u. a.) NSM Network and Service Management (Telekommunikation) NSOM Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscope (und: ... Microscopy) NSP Network Service Point (or: Provider, or: Platform) (Internet) NSPE National Society of Professional Engineers NSRT Non-Sequential Ray Tracing (?) NSS Network Subsystem (Telekommunikation) NSS Neutraler Salzsprühtest (auf Korrosionsbeständigkeit) NSSA Neutron Scattering Society of America NSSK North-South Station Keeping (Satelliten) NSTA National Science Teachers Association (USA) NSTC National Science and Technology Council (USA) NSTX National Spherical Torus Experiment (PPPL, Princeton, NJ, USA) NSUB Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (Göttingen) NSWC Naval Surface Warfare [früher: Weapons] Center (Silver Spring, MD, USA) NT Network Termination (Datennetze) NTG Nachrichtentechnische Gesellschaft (im VDE) NTIA National Telecommunications and Information Administration (Telekommunikation)

NTIS National Technical Information Service (Datenbank, USA) NTO Nitrotriazolon (Sprengstoff) NTP Network Time Protocol (Telekommunikation)

NTS Nuclear Test Site NTSC National Television System Committee (Fernsehnorm, USA) NTT New Technology Telescope (ESO, La Silla, Chile) NTU National Taiwan University NTZ Nachrichtentechnische Zeitschrift NuPECC Nuclear Physics European Collaboration Committee NUREG U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission NUSC Naval Underwater Systems Center (USA) NUWC Naval Undersea Warfare Center (Newport, RI, USA)

NV Nevada (US-Staat) NVH Noise, Vibration and Harshness NVM Non Volatile Memory NVO National Virtual Observatory (USA, geplant für 2010)

NVOD Near Video-On-Demand NVV Nichtverbreitungsvertrag (Atomwaffen, 1968) NVvL [Niederländische Aeroakustische Gesellschaft] NW Network (Telekommunikation) NWB Niedergeschwindigkeits-Windkanal Braunschweig NWK Network Analyser (DECT) NWK Nuklearwaffenkonvention NWO (Niederländische Wissenschaftsorganisation) NY New York (US-Staat) NYAS New York Academy of Sciences NZDSF Non-Zero Dispersion Shifted Fiber (Glasfaser, Kommunikation) NZN Niedersächsischer Zeitschriftennachweis NZZ Neue Zürcher Zeitung

O

OA Outgoing Access OAAC Optical Aerial Attached Cable OADM Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (optische Telekommunikation) OAE Otoakustische Emissionen OAI Open Archives Initiative ÖAL Österreichischer Arbeitsring für Lärmbekämpfung OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Telekommunikation) OAMP OAM Provisioning OAN Optical Access Node (Glasfasernetz) OAS Open Access Service (Telekommunikation) OAS Operator Assisted Service (Telekommunikation) OAS Optical Aperture Synthesis OASIS Optimal Architecture Sensor Interface System OATA Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association (Europäische Handelsorgaisation)

OATC Open Area Test Site OAU Organization of African Unity OBDMS Object-Oriented Database Management System OBL Outside Broadcasting Link OBMC On Board Multimedia Controller (Telekommunikation) OBMP On Board Multimedia Processor (Telekommunikation) OBP On Board Processing (or: Processor) OBS Optical Burst Switch (Telekommunikation) OBW Occupied Bandwidth (Telekommunikation) OCaB Outgoing Call Barrier OCD Optical Core Device (optische Telekommunikation) OCDM Optical Code Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) O-CDMA Optical Code Division Multiple Access (Glasfasernetz) OCH Optical Channel (optische Telekommunikation) OCh-SPRING Optical Channel Shared Protection Ring (optische Telekommunikation) OCR Optical Character Recognition (Computer-lesbare Schrift) OCT Optical Coherence Tomography, Optische Kohärenztomographie OCT Optical Component Test OCX (Dateinamenerweiterung: Programmdatei)

ODBC OPen Data Base Connectivity (Telekommunikation) ODC Ornithindecarboxylase ODE Ordinary Differential Equation ODL Object Definition Language (Telekommunikation) ODL Open and Distance Learning (EU-Programm) ODP Ocean Drilling Project (or: Program) ODP Open Distributed Processing ODT Order-Disorder Transition OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OEIC Optoelectronic Integrated Circuit, opto-elektronischer IC OELR Overall Echo Loudness Rating (Telekommunikation) OEM Optoelectronic Modulator (or: Mixer) OEM Original Equipment Manfacturer OENN Optoelectronic Neural Network O/E/O Optical Electronic Optical (optische Telekommunikation) OFA Optical Fiber Amplifier OFAC Office of Foreign Assets Control (USA) OFAT One-Factor-at-a-Time (Experimentiertechnik) OFC Optical Fiber Communication OFCCC Optical Fiber Cable Competence Center OFDM Optical (or: Orthogonal) Frequency Division Multiplexing (Telekommunikation) OFET Organischer Feldeffekt-Transistor (optische Telekommunikation) OFI Optical Field Ionization OFI Ornamental Fish International (Handelsorganisation)

OFMeC Optical Fibre Measurement Club (UK) OFW Oberflächenwellen OG Optical Gateway (optische Telekommunikation) ÖGAI Österreichische Gesellschaft für Artificial Intelligence OGI Ott-Grebogi-Yorke (control)

OGSA Open Grid Services Architecture (Rechnernetz) OH Ohio (US-Staat) OHG Offene Handelsgesellschaft OHG Operator Harmonization Group (Telekommunikation)

ÖIB Örtliche Initiativen zur Beschäftigung von Frauen (EU) OIDA Optoelectronic Industry Development Association OIF Optical Interworking Forum (optische Telekommunikation) OJPS Online Journal Publishing Services (AIP) OK Oklahoma (US-Staat) OL Output Layer (neuronales Netz) OLA Optical Line Amplifier (optische Telekommunikation) OLE Object Linking and Embedding (Programmierung) OLE Opto & Laser Europe (Zeitschrift, Bristol, UK) OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode (or: Device) OLS On-Line Service (Internet) OLT Optical Line Termination (optische Telekommunikation) OLTE Optical Line Termination Equipment OLTP Online Transaction Processing OM Optical Monitor (XMM) O&M Operations and Maintenance OMAC Open Modular Architecture Controller OMB Office of Management and Budget (USA, White House) OMC Operations and Maintenance Center (Telekommunikation) OMC Optical Metrology Centre OMF Observation Markup Format OMG Object Management Group OMI Open Microprocessor Systems Initiative OMI Optical Modulation Index OMS Operations and Maintenance Station (Telekommunikation) OMS Optical Multiplex Station (Telekommunikation) OMSG OptinexTM (or: Optical) Multi-Service Gateway (optische Telekommunikation) OMSN OptinexTM (or: Optical) Multi-Service Node (optische Telekommunikation) OMT Object Modelling (and) Technique OMUX Output Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) ON Optical Network (Telekommunikation) ONERA Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales ONP Open Network Provision(ing) ONR Office of Naval Research (Arlington, VA, USA) ONSA Organization for Nucleotid Sequencing and Analysis (São Paulo, Brasilien) ONTA Oxynitrotriazol (Sprengstoff) ONU Optical Network Unit OO objektorientiert OODB Object-Oriented Database OOP objektorientierte(s) Programm(entwicklung) OOT objektorientierter Test OP Organizational Partners

OP A/D Optical Packet Add/Drop (optische Telekommunikation)

OPAL Optical Access Line, optische Anschlussleitung (Telefon) OPCPA Optical Parametric Chirped-Pulse Amplification OPEC Organization of Petrol Exporting Countries, Organisation Erdöl exportierender Staaten OPEN Optical Pan-European Network OPEP One-Pion Exchange Potential Opex Operating Expenditure (or: Expenses)

ÖPG Österreichische Physikalische Gesellschaft OPGW Optical Ground Wire (Glasfasernetz) OPIT Oxide Powder in Tube ÖPNV Öffentlicher Personen-Nahverkehr OPO Optical Parametric Oscillator OPP Optical Precipitate Profiler OPS Official Production System OPS Optical Path Switch (Telekommunikation) OPS Optical Protection System (optische Telekommunikation) OPS Optically Pumped Semiconductor (Laser) OPZ Operationszentrale OR Oregon (US-Staat) ORACLS Optimal Regulator Algorithms for the Control of Linear Systems (CAD-System, NASA 1980)

ORB Object Request Broker (Telekommunikation) ORE Office de Recherche et d'Essais ORF Österreichischer Rundfunk ORF Outbound Route Filters org [other organizations] (Internet, USA) ORI Office of Research Integrity ORM Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma) ORMAK Oak Ridge Tokamak (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Oak Ridge National Laboratory) ORMOCER Organically Modified Ceramic ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory (TN, USA) ORSTOM (Internationale Hilfsorganisation Frankreichs) OS Operating (or: Operations) System OSA Open Service Architecture (Telekommunikation) OSA Optical Society of America OSB Oriented Structural Board (Spanplatte) OSC Optical Supervisory Channel (Glasfasernetz) OSC Outbound Signalling Channel (Telekommunikation) OSD On Screen Display (Funktionsanzeige auf TV-Schirm) OSDE Open Systems (or: Service) Development (or: Delivery) Environment (Telekommunikation) OSF Open Software Foundation OSF Operation System Function OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Washington, DC, USA) OSI Open Source Initiative OSI Open Systems Interconnection (Datennetze) OSI Optical Stellar Interferometer OSIRIS Off-Shore Integrated Robotic Inspection System OSNCP Optical Subnetwork Connection Protection (optische Telekommunikation) OSNR Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio (optische Telekommunikation) OSP Open Services Platform (Telekommunikation) OSPF Open Shortest Path First (Internet) OSS Office of Strategical Services (USA) OSS Operations Support System (Internet) OSSE Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment OSSI Operations Support System Interface (Telekommunikation) OST Observatoire des Sciences et des Techniques (Frankreich) OST Office of Science and Technology (UK) OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy (USA, White House) OSZE Organisation für Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa OTA Office of Technology Assessment (USA, Congress) OTC One Touch Com (Telekommunikation) OTD Observed Time Difference (Telekommunikation)

OTDM Optical Time Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) OTDOA OTD of Arrival (Telekommunikation)

OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflectometry OTD-Sim Order to Delivery Simulation OTH Optical Transport Hierarchy (optische Telekommunikation)

OTN Open Transport Network (Verkehrsleitsystem)

OTN Optical Transmission Network (optische Telekommunikation)

OTP One Time Password OTS Optical Transmission System (optische Telekommunikation) OU Open University (UK) OVC Output Variance Constraint OVRO Owens Valley Radio Observatory OWS Optical Wavelength Switched (optische Telekommunikation)

OXC Optical Cross Connect (optische Telekommunikation) OZIPM Ozone Isopleth Plotting with Optional Mechanism

P

P-Wellen Kompressionswellen (Geophysik) PA Pennsylvania (US-Staat) PA Power Amplifier

PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange, Private digitale Nebenstellenanlage PAC Perturbed Angular Correlation PAC Processing and Archiving Center PAC Programme Advisory Committee (TC im ETSI) PACE Planar Articulating Controls Experiment PACE Programme de recherche sur l'Aval du Cycle Electronucléaire

PACF Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (?) PACS Photoconductor Array Camera and Spectrometer (FIRST) PACS Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme PAD Packet Assembly/Disassembly PAD Perturbed Angular Distribution PAFC Phosphoric Acid FC (?) PAH Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon PAK Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe PAL Phase Alternation Line (Fernsehen) PAL Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (Korea) PALC Plasma Addressed Liquid Crystal PALS Photoacoustic Laser Spectroscopy PALS Prague Asterix Laser System PAMA Preassigned Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) PAN Personal Area Network (Telekommunikation)

PAN Polyacrylonitrile PARCOR Partial Correlation PAS Pädagogische Arbeitsstelle des deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes (Frankfurt/M) PAT Port Address Translation (Telekommunikation)

PATU PanAfrican Telecommunication Union

PAY Physics Achievement Year PBDE polybromierte Diphenylether PBET Photonic Basis for Engineers and Technicians (California, USA) PBH Physikzentrum Bad Honnef (DPG) PBI Physics-Based Industries PBN pyrolytisches Bornitrid PBO Polybenzobioxazol PBS Primer-Bindungsstelle (in RNA) PBT Polybutylenterephthalat, Poly Butylene Terephthalate PBWA Plasma Beat-Wave Accelerator PBX Plastic Bonded Explosive (Sprengstoff) PBX Private Branch Exchange (Internet) PBX-M Princeton Beta Experiment - Modified (Fusionsreaktortechnik) PC Personal Computer PC Polycarbonat PCA Proportional Counter Array (beim RXTE) PCAST President's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology (USA) PCB polychlorierte Biphenyle PCB Printed Circuit Board PCC Partial Correlation Coefficient PCC polychloriertes Camphen PCD Power Control Device PCDE Peak Code Domain Error (Telekommunikation) PCF Photonic Crystal Fibre PCF Polymer Cladded Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) PCG Project Coordination Group (Telekommunikation)

PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect (Datenbus) PCIMG PCI Industrial Computers Manufacturers Group PCM Parallel Climate Model

PCM Phase Change Material PCM Puls-Code-Modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCN Personal Communications Network PCO Point of Control and Observation (Telekommunikation) PCO Public Call Office (Telephon) PCP Pentachlorphenol PCR Peak Cell Rate (Telekommunikation) PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR Predictive Control of Reactors PCS Personal Communications Service (or: System) PCS Photon Correlation Spectroscopy PCSS Personal Communication Satellite Systems PCT Patent Cooperation Treaty PCU Packet Control Unit (Telekommunikation) PCU Power Conditioning Unit PCU Power Control Unit PCX (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

PCX Private Communication Exchange (Telekommunikation) PD Privatdozent PD Proportional-Derivative (Control), Proportional-Differential (Regler) PDA Personal Digital Assistent (Telekommunikation) PDC Personal (or: Portable) Digital Cellular (or: Communication) (Telekommunikation) PDCH Packet Data Channels (Telekommunikation) PDCP Packet Data Compression (or: Convergence) Protocol (Telekommunikation)

PDD Photodynamische Diagnostik PDE Partial Differential Equation PDE Phosphodiesterase PDF Portable Document Format PDF Probability Density Function PDGF Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (Blutplättchen-Wachstumsfaktor) PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (Telekommunikation) PDI Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik (Berlin) PDL Page Description Language (Printer Server) PDL Polarization Dependent Loss (optische Telekommunikation) PDLC Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal PDM Polarization Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation)

PDM Product Data Management PDMS Polydimethylsiloxan PDN Packet Data Network (Telekommunikation) PDO Packet Data Optimized (Telekommunikation) PDP Packet Data Protocol (Telekommunikation) PDP Plasma Discharge (or: Display) Panel PDR Preliminary Design Review PDS Payload Data Segment (Telekommunikation) PDS Permanent Data Storage System PDS Polydioxanon PDT Photodynamic Therapy, Photodynamische Therapie PDU Packet Data Unit (Telekommunikation) PDU Protocol Data Unit (Internet) PDX Princeton Divertor Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) PE Phase Error (Telekommunikation) PE Polyethylen PE Prediction Error PE Provider Edge (Telekommunikation) PEACE Process Execution and Communication Environment PEAP Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (Telekommunikation) PECVD Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition PEEM Photo-Emission Electron Microscope, Photoemissions-Elektronenmikroskop PEG Polyethylenglykol PEM Photon Emission Microscopy PEM Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran (Brennstoffzelle) PEM Proton Exchange Membrane (Brennstoffzelle) PEMFC Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell PEN Physics Education News PEO Polyethylenoxid PEP Polymeric Electronics Packaging

PEPS Performance Evaluation of Parallel Systems (Europäisches Forschungsprojekt) PER Packed Encoding Rule (ASN.1)

Per Perchlorethen PERL Passivated Emitter and Rear, Locally Diffused (Solarzellen) Perl Practical Extraction and Report Language (scherzhaft auch: Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister) (Textmanipulation) PESC Power Electronics Specialist Conference PET Polyethylenterephthalat PET Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie, Positron Emission Tomography PETRA Positron-Elektron-Tandem-Ring-Anlage (DESY) PFAU Programm zur finanziellen Absicherung von Unternehmensgründern aus Hochschulen PFD Power Flux Density PFE Power Feeding Equipment PG Peer Group PGA Pin Grid Array (Chipgehäuse) PGA Polyglykolid PGO (Hirn-Zellkomplex: pons, corpus geniculatum, occiput) PGP Pretty Good Privacy PHA Polyhydroxyalkanoat PHARE Poland and Hungary Action for Economic Restructuring PHB Per-Hop Behavior PhD Doctor of Philosophy PHENIX Pioneering High Energy New Ion Experiment (RHIC) PHI Planbasierte Hilfesysteme PHM Prognostics and Health Managament PHP Hypertext Processor (Telekommunikation)

PHS Personal Handyphone System PHS Peripheral High Speed (Bus) PHT plötzlicher Herztod PHY Physical Layer (DECT) PI Proportional-Integral (Control), Proportional-Integral (Regler) PIA Positronen-Intensitäts-Akkumulator (DESY) PIAFE Projet d'Ionisation et d'Accélération de Faisceaux Exotiques (Grenoble, Frankreich) PIC (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

PIC Photonic Integrated Circuit PICA Picosecond Imaging Circuit Analysis PICS Protocol Implementation (or: Instance) Conformance Statement (Telekommunikation) PID Präimplantationsdiagnostik (Genetik) PID Proportional, Integral, Derivative (Control), Proportional-Integral-Differential (Regler) PIDC Prototype International Data Center (Arlington, VA, USA) PII Publisher Item Identifier PIK Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung PIM Personal Information Manager (Telekommunikation)

PIM-SM Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (Internet) PIN Personal Identification Number PIN [Photodiode aus 3 Schichten: 'p'-type, 'i'ntrinsic, 'n'-type semiconductor], Positive-Intrinsic-Negative PINET Physics Information Network PINT PSTN/Internet Interworking Group (Internet) PIP Picture in Picture (TV: kleines Zusatzbild von anderem Sender) PIPS Passivated, Implanted, Planar Silicon (detectors) PIU produktionsintegrierter Umweltschutz PIV Particle Image Velocimetry PIXIT Protocol Information Extra Implementation for Testing (Telekommunikation) PKC Public-Key Cryptography PKE Pluto-Kuiper Express (Raumfahrtprojekt) PKI Public Key Infrastructure (Telekommunikation) PKM Parallel Kinematic Machine (Robotik) PKY Parkway (US Mail) PL Photoluminescence, Photolumineszenz PL Place (US Mail) PLA Polylactid PLC Packet Loss Concealment (Telekommunikation) PLC Planar Lightwave Circuit (Photonik)

PLC Powerline Communication PLC Programmable Logic Controller p.l.c. public limited company (UK) PLD Pulsed Laser Deposition PLE Photolumineszenz-Anregungsspektroskopie PLED Polymeric Light-Emitting Diode PLL Phase-Locked Loop PLMN Public Land Mobile Network (Telekommunikation) PLO Phase-Locked Oscillator PLP Perceptual Linear Prediction PLT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

PLT Princeton Large Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) PLZ Plaza (US Mail) PLZ Postleitzahl PM Photomultiplier (tube) PMB Polarization Mode Dispersion PMC Personal Mobile Communicator PMD Polarization-Mode Dispersion (Glasfasernetz) PMD Portable MAC Identity for Display (DECT) PMF Polarization Maintaining Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) PMMA Polymethylmethacrylat PMO Program Managament Office PMOS P-Channel MOS PMP Point-to-Multipoint (Telekommunikation) PMS Puls-Magnetron-Sputtern (Dünne Schichten) PMSJ Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan PMSS Polymethylsilsesquioxan [Si(CH3)O1,5]n PMT Photomultiplier Tube PMV Predicted Mean Vote PMW Project Management Workbench PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences PNE Peaceful Nuclear Explosion PNG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

PNGV Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles PNNI Private Network-Node (or: -Network) Interface (Internet) PNNL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Washington, USA) PNO Private Network Operator PNP Purinnucleosid-Phosphorylase PNU Physics News Update (USA) POC Particulate Organic Carbon POC Point of Concentration (Telekommunikation)

POF Polymer (or: Plastic) Optical Fiber POEM Programme for Observation of the Earth and its Environment POI Point of Interest (Telekommunikation)

POINTS Precision Optical Interferometer in Space POLLENS Platform for Open, Light, Legible and Efficient Network Services (Telekommunikation)

POLY Polymeric Materials for Microelectronics and Photonics (Kongress)

PON Passive Optical Network PONS Prometheus Orthonormal System POP Point of Presence (Internet) POP Post Office Protocol (E-Mail Server) POPA Panel on Public Affairs (APS) PoS Packet over SONET (or: SDH) POSIX Portable Operating System Interface (Telekommunikation) POST Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (UK) POSTECH Pohang University of Science and Technology (Korea) PostEurop Association of European Public Postal Operators POTS Plain Old Telephone Service (or: System) POW Prisoner of War PP Point to Point (Telekommunikation) PP Polypropylen PP Portable Part (z.B. Handset) (DECT) PPADC Pulse Processing Analog-to-Digital Converter PPARC Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (UK) PPAU Packet Processor and Access Unit ppb parts per billion, 10-9 PPD Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied PPF Positive Position Feedback PPF Print Production Format PPG Pacific Proving Ground (Atombomben-Testgebiet) PPL Passive Photonic Loop PPLN Periodically-Poled Lithium Niobate ppm parts per million, 10-6 PPMS Physical Property Measurement System PPN Parametricized Post-Newtonian (Gravitationstheorie) PPP Point-to-Point Protocol (Internet) PPP Poly(p-Phenylen) PPP Public/Private Partnership (Telekommunikation) PPPL Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (Fusionsreaktortechnik) PPPoA PPP over ATM (Telekommunikation) PPPoE PPP over Ethernet (Telekommunikation) PPR Pflegepersonalregelung PPS The Polish Physical Society PPT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft PowerPoint-Datei)

PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (Internet) PPV Pay-per-View (Telekommunikation)

PPV Poly(p-Phenylen Vinylen) PR Puerto Rico (US Mail) PRA Primary Rate Access (ISDN) PRBS Pseudorandom Bit Sequence PRC Physics Resources Center (AIP) PRC Primary Reference Clock (Telekommunikation) PRI Primary Rate Interface (Telekommunikation) PRIF Peace Research Institute Frankfurt PRL Physical Review Letters PROLA Physical Review Online Archive PROLOG Programming in Logic PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory PROMED Program to Monitor Emerging Diseases PROMETHEUS Programme for a European Traffic with Highest Efficiency and Unprecedented Safety PrP Prion-Protein

PS Phone Splitter PSA Plataforma Solar de Almeria (Solarkraftwerk) PSA Pressure Sensitive Adhesive

PSA Prostata-spezifisches Antigen PSAB Physics, Space and Astronomy Board (UK) PSAC The President's Advisory Committeee (USA) PSBT Phase Shifted Binary Transmission (Telekommunikation) PSC Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (USA) PSC Polar Stratospheric Cloud (siehe Ozonloch) PSCF Pure Silica Core Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) PSD Position-Sensing Detector PSD Power Spectral Density PSE Personal Service Environment (Telekommunikation) PSE Programm- und Systementwicklung PSF Point Spread Function PSG Programmable Sound Generator PSI Paul Scherrer Institut (Villingen, CH) PSI Program Specific Information PSI Programmable Serial Interface PSID Panel Study of Income Dynamics (USA) PSJ The Physical Society of Japan PSK Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) PSOLA Pitch-Synchronous Overlap Add (Sprachsynthese) PSPC positionsempfindlicher Proportionalzähler (Röntgensatelliten) PSR Precision Segmented Reflector (Satelliten) PSS Personalized Service Selector (Telekommunikation)

PSSC Physical Sciences Study Committee (USA) PST [Fraunhofer-] Patentstelle für die Deutsche Forschung (München) PSTM Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscope PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network (Öffentliches Fernsprechnetz) PTA Personal Travel Assistent PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (Braunschweig) PTFE Polytetrafluoreth(yl)en PTI Physikalisch-Technisches Institut (DDR, Jena) p.t.o. please turn over (= b.w.) PTO Public Telecommunications Operator PtP Peer-to-Peer (Telekommunikation) PTR Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (Berlin, ab 1887) PTRA Physics Teaching Resource Agents PTSB Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (Medizin) PTSP PNNI Topology State Packet (Telekommunikation) PTT Post, Telegraph and Telephone PTV Projection Television PTZ Produktionstechnisches Zentrum (FhG, Berlin) PU Polyurethan PU produktintegrierter Umweltschutz PUB (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Publisher-Datei)

PUNE Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy PUR Plutonium and Uranium Extraction (Radioaktiver Abfall) PUR Polyurethan PUSH Partnernetz für Unternehmensgründungen aus Stuttgarter Hochschulen PUSH Public Understanding of the Sciences and Humanities PV Photovoltaik PV Present Value PVB Polyvinyl Butyral PVC Permanent Virtual Circuit (or: Channel) (Rechnernetz) PVC Polyvinylchlorid PVD Physical Vapor Deposition PVDF Polyvinylidenfluorid PVK Poly-N-vinylcarbazol PVM Parallel Virtual Machine (Parallelrechner) PVR Personal Video Recording (or: Recorder) PWE3 Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (Telekommunikation) PWFA Plasma Wakefield Accelerator PWLAN Public Wireless LAN (Telekommunikation) PWM Pulse Width Modulation PWT Private Wireless Telephony (Telekommunikation) PXI PCI Extensions for Instrumentation PyC Pyrokohlenstoff PZT Lead Zirconate Titanate

Q

Q Q-Factor, Quality Factor, Gütefaktor QA Quality Assurance Q&A Questions and Answers QALY Quality-Adjusted Life Years QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAR Quantitative Autoradiography (Medizin) QAU Quality Assurance Unit QBD Quasi-Birth-and-Death QBER Quantum Bit-Error Rate QC Quality Control QC Quantum Cryptography QCD Quantum Chromodynamics, Quantenchromodynamik QCL Quantum Cascade Laser QD Quantum Dot QED Quantenelektrodynamik qed quod erat demonstrandum (= was zu beweisen war) QELS Quantum Electronics and Laser Science (Conference) QFD Quality Function Deployment QFL Quantum Fountain Laser QFT Quantenfeldtheorie QGP Quark-Gluon Plasma QHE Quantum Hall Effect, Quanten-Hall-Effekt QKD Quantum Key Distribution (Kryptographie) QM Quality Management, Qualitätsmanagement QM Quantum Magnetics QMC Quanten-Monte-Carlo (-Technik) QMS Quasi-monokristalline Siliziumschicht QND Quantum Nondemolition Measurement (rückwirkungsfreie Quantenmessung) QOS Quality of Service QPO Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (Röntgensterne) QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (Modulation) QRY (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Datenbank-Abfrage)

QSAR Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (Chemie) QSIG Q Interface Signaling QSM Qualitative Software Metrics QSVD Quotient Singular Value Decomposition QTVR Quick Time Virtual Reality QUANTOM Quantitative Tomographiedatenanalyse QUIC Quantum Information and Computation Consortium QW Quantum Well QWI Quantum Well Intermixing (tunable laser)

QWIP Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector

R

RA Radio Access (Telekommunikation) RA Research Assistant (USA) RAB Radio Access Bearer (Telekommunikation)

RAB Remote Amplifier Box (Telekommunikation) RAC Radio Admission Control (Telekommunikation)

RACE Research and Development in Advanced Communication Technologies in Europe [or: Research (Programme) on (or: into) Advanced Communication(s) in Europe] RAD Rapid Application Development RADAR Radio Detection and Ranging RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (Telekommunikation) RAeS Royal Aeronautical Society (UK) RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAINBOW Reduced and Internally Biased Oxide Wafer (piezoelektrischer Aktuator) RAIRO Revue Française d'Automatique, Informatique et Recherche Opérationelle RAL Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory (Oxford-Chilton, UK) RAM Random Access Memory RAM Remote Access Multiplexer (Internet) RAMICS Rapid Airbore Mine Clearance System

RAN Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation)

RAN Remote Access Node (Telekommunikation) RANAP Radio Access Network Application Part (Telekommunikation) RAP Radio Access Profile (Telekommunikation) RAP Radiological Assistence Program (DoE, USA)

RAPID Research and Public Information and Dissemination (USA, Programm zu EMF-Schäden) RAPTOR Rapid Telescopes for Optical Response

RARDE Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment (UK) RAS Reflectance Anisotropy Spectroscopy RAS Registration, Admission and Status (Kommunikation) RAS Remote Access Server (or: Service) (Telekommunikation) RAS Royal Astronomical Society (UK) RAS Russian Acoustical Society RASS Radio Acoustic Sounding System RAST Radio Allergo Sorbent Test RASTI Rapid Speech Transmission Index RB Radio Bearer (Telekommunikation) RBOC Regional Bell Operating Company RBW Resolution Bandwidth (Telekommunikation) RC Routing Controller (Telekommunikation) R/C Revenue/Cost Ratio RCC Routing Control Channel (Telekommunikation) RCK Research Centre Karlsruhe RCL Radio Communication Links RCLED Resonant Cavity Light Emitting Diode RCMS Remote Control and Monitoring System RCP Radio Control Part RCP Rapid Controller Prototyping RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (USA) RCSU Remote Control and Status Unit RD Route Distinguishers RD Road (US Mail) R&D Research and Development RDBMS Relational Database Management System (Telekommunikation)

RDC Remote Digital Concentrator (Telekommunikation) RDF Resource Description Framework (Telekommunikation)

RDF Reverse Dispersion Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) RDS Radio Data System (Europe) RDX Trimethylentrinitramin (Hexogen, Sprengstoff) REA Rauchgas-Entschwefelungs-Anlage REACOL Réseau Européen pour l'Assemblage par Collage REC Radiative Electron Capture RECOVER Remote Continual Verification (Atomenergie-Kontrolle) RED Random Early Detection REG (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows Registrierungs-Datei)

REM Rapid Eye Mount (Teleskop, Italien)

REM Rapid Eye Movement (Schlaf-Phase) REM Rasterelektronenmikroskop RERF Radiation Effects Research Foundation (Japan) RES Radio Equipment and Systems (TC im ETSI) RE-SEED Retirees Enhancing Science Education through Experiment and Demonstration (USA)

RET Resolution Enhancement Technology (HP-Laserdrucker) REU Remote Control Electronic Unit REWIMET Regionales Windfeld-Modell einschließlich Transport (Wettervorhersage) REX Realtime Executive (ein Betriebssystem) RF Radio Frequency RFA Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse RFC Request For Comment (Rechnernetz) RFD Request For Discussion (Rechnernetz) RFID Radio-Frequency Identification RFPI Radio Fixed Part Identity (DECT) RGA Residual Gas Analyzer RGB Red-Green-Blue, Rot-Grün-Blau (TV) RGO Reduced Gravity Office (NASA) RGS Reflection Grating Spectrometer RGS Royal Geographic Society (London, 1830) RGW Rat für gegenseitige Wirtschaftshilfe RGW Residential Gateway (Kommunikation) RGZM Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Forschungsinstitut für Vor- und Frühgeschichte (Mainz) RH Relative Humidity RHD Right Hemisphere Damage (Hirnschäden)

RHEED Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (Oberflächenanalyse, Elektronenoptik) RHIC Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, USA) RI Rhode Island (US-Staat) R&I Research and Innovation RIB Routing Information Base (Telekommunikation) RIBE Reactive Ion Beam Etching RIE Reactive Ion Etching RIKEN [Institute of Physical and Chemical Research] (Japan) RIMS Resonance Ionization Mass Spectroscopy RIN Relative Intensity Noise RIP Requiescat in pace (Ruhe in Frieden) RIP Routing Information Protocol (Internet) RIS Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy RISC Reduced-Instruction-Set Computer RISC Research Institute for Symbolic Computation (Linz, Österreich) RITA Radio Frequency Ion Thruster Assembly RITL Radio in the Loop (Telekommunikation) RKA [Russian Space Agency] RKM Rasterkraftmikroskop RLC Radio Link Control(ler) (TK, Layer 2)

RLL Radio in the Local Loop (Telekommunikation) RLMS Recursive Least Mean Square (Algorithmus) rlogin remote login RLR Receive Loudness Rating (Telekommunikation) RLS Recursive Least Square (Algorithmus) RM Remote Manager (Telekommunikation) RM Room (US Mail) RMC RACE Management Committee RMC-C Central Remote Maintenance Centre RMC-R Regional Remote Maintenance Centre RMI Remote Method Invocation (Telekommunikation) RMON Remote Monitoring RMS Resonant Macrosonic Synthesis RMS Root Mean Square RMMS Remote Maintenance and Monitoring System RNA Ribonucleic Acid RNC Radio (and) Network (or: Node) Controller (Telekommunikation) RNEP Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator (Atomwaffe, USA) RNG Random Number Generator RNO Radio Network Optimization (Telekommunikation)

RNP Radio Network Planning (Telekommunikation) RNRT Réseau National de Recherche en Télécommunications (France Télécom) RNS Ribonucleinsäure R-OADM Reconfigurable Optical ADM ROCCO Robust Checksum-Based Header Compression (Telekommunikation)

ROI Return On Investment (or: Instrument) ROL Reverse Oscillating Layer ROM Read Only Memory ROSAT (deutscher) Röntgensatellit, Roentgen Satellite (1990) ROSIS Reflective Optics System Imaging Spectrometer ROTEX Roboter-Technologie-Experiment (Spacelab) ROTSE Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (Astrophysik)

ROV Remotely Operated Vehicle RP Route Processor (Telekommunikation) RPA Random Phase Approximation RPC Remote Procedure Call RPM Radio Policy Matters (TC im ETSI) RPO Rahmenprüfungsordnung RPR Resilient Package Ring (Telekommunikation) RPS The Romanian Physical Society RPWS Radio and Plasma Wave Science (Instrument an Bord des Saturn-Satelliten Cassini) RR radiative Rekombination RR Riva-Rocci (-Apparat zur Blutdruckmessung) RRC Radio Resource Control (Telekommunikation, Layer 3)

RRP Rapid Reconfiguration Protocol (Telekommunikation) RS Raman Spectroscopy RS-232 RS: Recommended Standard (EIA) RSA [Ronald] Rivest, [Adi] Shamir, [Leonard A.] Adleman (asymmetrischer Kryptoalgorithmus, 1977) RSC Radio Station, Central (Telekommunikation) RSCW Radio Station Central Wireless (Telekommunikation) RSFQ Rapid Single Flux Quantum Device rsh Remote Shell RSM Remote Station Nodal (Telekommunikation) RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indication (DECT) (or Radio ...) RST Radio Station, Terminal (Telekommunikation) RST Repeater Station RST Resonance Scattering Theory RST Running Status Table RSTP Rapid Spinning Tree Protocol (Telekommunikation) RSTW Radio Station Terminal Wireless (Telekommunikation) RSU Remote Subscriber Unit (Telekommunikation) RSVP Répond, s'il vout plaît (bitte antworten) RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol (Internet) RSVP-TE Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (Telekommunikation) RT Real-Time RT Route Target

RTAC Real-Time Atmospheric Compensation (Adaptive Optik) RTAI Real-Time Application Interface (Telekommunikation) RTCP Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) RTD Real-Time Difference

RTD Research and Technological Development (EC) RTD Resistance Temperature Detector (z.B. Pt) RTD Resonant Tunneling Device RTD Round-Trip Delay RTE Return From Exception RTF Rich Text Format (Dateinamenerweiterung: Textdatei im Rich-Text-Format) RTG Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator RTI Real-Time Interface RTL Raster Transfer Language (HP) RTL Real-Time Linux RTLinux Real-Time Linux RTM Raster-Tunnelmikroskop(ie) RTM Real Time Monitoring RTO Research and Technological Organization (EC) RTOS Real-Time Operating System RTP Real-Time (Transport) Protocol (Telekommunikation) RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol (Telekommunikation)

RTT Round Trip Time

RTU Remote Terminal Unit (Telekommunikation) RTW Real-Time Workshop RU Repeater Unit RU Resources Unit RULLI Remote Ultra-Low Light Imaging (Astrophysik) RUS Rechenzentrum Universität Stuttgart RV Regionalverband (z. B. DPG) RVA Richtlinienverabschiedungsausschuss (NALS) RVR Runway Visual Range RW Ridge Waveguide RWA Receive Wavelength Adapter (Kommunikation) RWC Real World Computing RWCP Real World Computing Partnership (1992-2002) RWE Rheinisch-Westfälische Elektrizitätswerke (?) RWI Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (Essen) RWTH Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Aachen) RXTE Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (Röntgensatellit) RZ Return to Zero (Kommunikation) RZÜ Rechnergestützte Zugüberwachung

S

S-Wellen Scherwellen (Geophysik) SA Selective Availability (Satellitennavigation) SA Service Activation (Telekommunikation) SAAI Southern Africa Acoustics Institute SAAL Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer (Telekommunikation) SAARC South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation SAC Service Admission Control (Telekommunikation) SAC Strategic Air Command (USA) SACD Super Audio Compact Disk

SACMOS Self Aligned Contacts MOS SAD Spotless Activated Deposition (dünne Schichten) SADC Southern Africa Development Cooperation SAE Society of Automotive Engineers (USA) SAFISY Space Agency Forum on ISY SAFTA South Asian Free Trade Association SAG Selective Area Growth SAGE Soviet-American Gallium Experiment (Sonnen-Neutrinos, im Kaukasus) SAGM Separate Absorption, Grading and Multiplication (APD) SALT Southern African Large Telescope SALT Speech Application Language Tags (Telekommunikation) SALT Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (or: Talks) SAM Scanning Acoustic Microscope SAM selbstaggregierende Monolagen SAM Separate Absorption and Multiplication (ADP) SAM Speech Assessment Methodology SAM Spherical Aberration Management SAMPE Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering SAMPE Society of Aerospace Material and Process Engineering SAMPEX Solar, Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer (USA, Raumfahrt) SAN Storage Area Network (Telekommunikation)

SANA Wissenschaftliches Begleitprogramm zur Sanierung der Atmosphäre über den neuen Bundesländern SANE Sustainable Accomodation for the New Economy (EU-Projekt) SAP Service Access Point (Internet) SAP Symbolic Assembler Program (IBM 704, 1956) SAPAM Society of African Physicists and Mathematicians SAPPHIRE Satellite and Aircraft Data Base Project for System Integrity Research (Satellitennavigation) SAPTA South Asian Preference Trade Association SAR Second Assessment Report (IPCC, über globale Klimaveränderung, 1995) SAR Specific Absorption Rate SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar, Synthetik-Apertur-Radar SARA Système Accélérateur Rhône-Alpes (Grenoble) SAS Statistik-Server SAS Swedish Acoustical Society, Svenska Akustiska Sällskapet SASE Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission SAT SIM Application Toolkit (Telekommunikation) SAVOIR Sound and Vibration Organisation Information Resources (assocation formed in 1990 with support from the EG COMETT programme, located at ISVR, Southampton) SAW Surface Acoustic Wave SAXS Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering SB Synchronization Burst (Telekommunikation) SBC Single Board Computer SBEC Subband Echo Canceler SBIR Small Business Innovation Research (Program, USA) SBIRS Space-Based Infrared System - Low Earth Orbit SBL Space Based Laser SBP Société Belge de Physique SBR Sustainable Bit Rate (Datentransfer) SBS Save British Science (Lobby Group) SBS Stimulated Brillouin Scattering

SBSL Single-Bubble Sonoluminescence, Einzelblasensonolumineszenz SBTA S-Band Test Accelerator SBWAS Space Based Wide Area Surveillance SBZ Sowjetische Besatzungszone SC South Carolina (US-Staat) SC Switch-Capacitor (Filter) SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (Telekommunikation) SCAI [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Algorithmen und Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (St. Augustin) SCALPEL Scattering with Angular Limitation Projection Electron Beam Lithography SCAMP Service Control and Monitoring Prototype SCAR Scientific Committee on Arctic Research SCAR Supersonic Cruise Aircraft Research SCASSS Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences (Uppsala) SCBR Silicon Chip Bragg Reflector (Laser) SCC Satellite Control Center (Telekommunikation) SCC Signaling Congestion Control (Telekommunikation) SCCP Signaling Connection and Control Part (or: Point) (Telekommunikation) SCCR Short-Circuit Current Response SCE Service Creation Environment (Telekommunikation) SCF Self-Consistent Field SCF Service Control Function (Telekommunikation) SCF La Sociedad Colombiana de Fisica SCH Separate Confinement Heterostructure SCI Science Citation Index (beim ISI, Philadelphia, PA, USA) SCIAMACHY Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (ENVISAT) SCID Severe Combined Immune Deficiency SCIM Subcarrier Intensity Modulation SCM Scanning Capacitance Microscopy SCM Subcarrier Multiplexing SCM Supply Chain Management SCMFT Self-Consistent Mean Field Theory SCN Switched Circuit Network (Telekommunikation) SCO Synchronous Connection Oriented (Telekommunikation) SCOLE Spacecraft Control Laboratory Experiment (NASA, etwa 1983) SCOR Scientific Committee on Ocean Research SCORE Spectral Self-Coherence Restoral (Algorithmus) SCP Service Control Point (Telekommunikation) SCP Session Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier (Telekommunikation) SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPP Standing Conference of Physics Professors (UK) SCRI Supersomputer Computations Research Institute (Tallahassee, FL, USA) SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface SCU Signalling and Control Unit (Telekommunikation) SCU Signalling Channel Unit (Telekommunikation) SCUBA Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array SD Secure Digital (Memory Card) SD South Dakota (US-Staat) SDAP Service Discovery Application Profile (Telekommunikation) SDE Service Development Environment (Telekommunikation) SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (Übertragungsstandard) SDI Strategic Defense Initiative SDI Subscriber Distribution Interface (Telekommunikation) SDIO Strategic Defense Initiative Organization SDLC Synchronous Data Link Control SDLS Satellite Data Link System (Telekommunikation) SDM Statistical Data Miner SDMA Space Division Multiple Access (Telekommunikation)

S-DMB Satellite Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (Telekommunikation)

SDMI Secure Digital Music Initiative SDMS Scientific Data Management System SDO Standard Development Organizations

SDOF Single-Degree-of-Freedom (System) SDP Service Data Point (Telekommunikation) SDP Service Delivery Point (Internet) SDP Session Description Protocol (Telekommunikation) SDR Service Data Record (Telekommunikation)

SDR Software Defined Radio (Telekommunikation)

SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (Computer) SDS Sodium dodecyl sulphate, Natriumlaurylsulfat SDSC San Diego Supercomputer Center SDSL Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SDT Service Description Table (Telekommunikation) SDT Spin-Dependent Tunneling SDTS [ANSI] Spatial Data Transfer Standard SDTV Standard-Definition Television [Format] SDVNC [International Conference on] Structural Dynamics, Vibration, Noise and Control SE Schrödinger Equation SEA Sociedad Española de Acústica SEA-ME-WE3 South East Asia - Middle East - Western Europe (Kommunikation) SEAF Secretary of Energy Advisory Board (USA) SEATO South-East Asia Treaty Organization SEC Security Managament (Telekommunikation) SEC Solid Electrolyte Coulometry SECTAM Southeastern Conference on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

SED Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (DDR) SED Special Engineering Detachment (USA) SEED Science Education through Experiment and Demonstration (USA)

SEED Self-Electrooptic-Effect Device SEI Software Engineering Institute SEL Sound Exposure Level SELANE Secure Local Area Network Environment SEM Scanning Electron Microscope (auch: Microscopy) SEM Society for Experimental Mechanics (formerly: SESA) SEM Spectrum Emission Mask Sematech Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology (USA, IC-Firmen-Kooperation) SEMOS sensorgestützte Montagesysteme SEN Service Execution Node (Telekommunikation) SEP Service Execution Point (Telekommunikation) SEP Société Européenne de Propulsion SEPG Software Engineering Project Group SEQ Shape Equalizer (optische Telekommunikation) SERC Science and Engineering Research Council (UK) SERM Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (?), selektive Östrogen Rezeptor-Modulatoren SERS Surface Enhancement Raman Spectroscopy SES Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (TC im ETSI) SES Single Electron Substance SES Societé Européenne des Satellites (Luxembourg) SES Spracherkennungssystem SESA Society for Experimental Stress Analysis (now: SEM) SESAM Semiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirrors SESAME Second European Stratospheric Arctic and Midlatitude Experiments SESAME Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Application in the Middle East (Jordanien) SET Science, Engineering, Technology SET Secure Electronic Transaction (Internet, Verschlüsselung) SET Single-Electron Transistor SET Single-Electron Tunneling (Oscillations) SETA Systems Engineering and Technical Assistance SETI Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence SEVA Self Validating (Sensor) SEVERI Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (mit MSG, geplant für 2000) SEVIS Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (USA) SEWASIE Semantic Web and Agents in Integrated Economics SF Spreading Factor (Telekommunikation)

SFA Société Française d'Acoustique SFAEST Stabilized Fast A Posteri Error Sequential Technique (Algorithmus) SFB Sonderforschungsbereich (DFG) SFC Supercritical Fluid Chromatography SFI Santa Fe Institute (NM, USA) SFM Scanning Force Microscopy SFM Société Française des Mécaniciens SFN Single Frequency Network (Digital Broadcast) SFN System Frame Number (Telekommunikation)

SFP Société Française de Physique SFZ Sekretariat für Zukunftsforschung (Gelsenkirchen)

SG Signaling Gateway (Telekommunikation) SGA Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Akustik SGCP Simple Gateway Control Protocol (Telekommunikation) SGDBR Sampled-Grating Distributed-Bragg-Reflector (Laser)

SGI Silicon Graphics, Inc. (Mountain View, CA, USA) SGML Standard General(ized) Markup Language SGR Soft Gamma Repeaters (Astrophysik) SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node (Telekommunikation) SHA Sample-and-Hold Amplifier SHA Staatshochbauamt SHAPE Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe SHARF Simplified Hyperstable Adaptive Recursive Filter

SHAVE Shared Virtual Environment SHD Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (optische Nachrichtenübertragung) SHDSL Single Pair High Speed (or: Symmetric High Density) Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation) SHEFC Scottish Higher Education Funding Council SHF Super High Frequency (3 - 30 GHz) SHG Second Harmonic Generation SHIP Separator for Heavy Ion Reaction Products (GSI, Darmstadt) SHK Sanitär, Heizung, Klima [-Handwerk] SHO Soft HandOver (Telekommunikation)

SHOP Shell Higher Olefin Process SHS Solar Home System SHTML Secure HTML (Telekommunikation) SI Service Information SI Système International d'Unités SIA Semiconductor Industry Association SIAM Scanning Infererometric Apertureless Microscopy SIAM Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (USA) SIB Service Independent Building Block (Telekommunikation) SiC Siliziumkarbid SICM Scanning Ion Conduction Microscopy SIF Small Image Format (Bildcodierung) SIF Società Italiana di Fisica SIFT Scanning for Intensely Fluorescent Targets (Prionen-Nachweis) SIG Special Interest Group SIGMA Support for Improvement in Governance and Management (EU) SILEX Semiconductor Laser Inter-Satellite Link Experiment (1998) SIM Skalierungs-Index-Methode (nichtlineare Dynamik) SIM Space Interferometry Mission SIM Subscriber Identity Module (Telekommunikation) SIMBA Superhigh Intensity Mono-Beam Amplifier Chain (KrF-Laser) SIMD Single Instruction, Multiple Data (Rechnerarchitektur) SIMM Single Inline Memory Module SIMMWIC Silicon Monolithic Millimeter Wave Integrated Circuit SIMO Single Input - Multiple Output (Controller, System) SIMS Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy SIN Schweizer Institut für Nuklearforschung (Paul Scherrer-Institut, Villingen, Schweiz)

SINQ [Schweizer Neutronenspallationsquelle] (Paul Scherrer-Institut, Villingen, Schweiz)

SiON Silicon Oxynitride SIOP Single Integrated Operations Plan (USA) SIP Session Initiation Protocol (Telekommunikation) SIPI Scientists' Institute for Public Information (New York) SIPS [Workshop on] Signal Processing Systems Design and Implementation SIPS Simply Interactive Personal Computer SIR Shuttle (or: Spaceborne) Imaging Radar (Satellit) SIR Signal-to-Interference Ratio SIR Submission Information Rate (Datennetz) SIRM Scanning Infrared Microscopy SIRTF Space Infrared Telescope Facility (Satellit) SIS Schwerionen-Synchrotron (bei der GSI, Darmstadt) SIS Spontaneous Information System (Telekommunikation)

SIS Stateful Inspection System (Firewall) SIS Surface Inversion Strength (Meteorologie) SISO Single Input - Single Output (Controller, System) SIT Self-Induced Transparency SIT [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Sichere Telekommunikation (Darmstadt) SIT Structured Inventive Thinking SIV Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (Aids-Virus bei Affen) SKAN SkyBridge Access Node (Telekommunikation) SKM Scanning Kelvin Microscopy SKT SkyBridge Terminal (Telekommunikation) SKT PRO SkyBridge Professional Terminal (Telekommunikation) SKT RES SkyBridge Residential Terminal (Telekommunikation) SL Schwere Löcher (Halbleiterphysik) SL Sonoluminescence, Sonolumineszenz SLA Service Level Agreement (Telekommunikation) SLAC Stanford Linear Accelerator Center SLAM Scanning Laser Acoustical Microscope SLB Server Load Balancing (Telekommunikation) SLBM Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missile SLCM Sea-Launched Cruise Missile SLD Sanfte Laser-Desorption SLEE Service Logic Execution Environment (Telekommunikation)

SLG Schweizerische Liga gegen den Lärm SLIC Subscriber Line Interface Circuit (Telekommunikation)

SLIS Scanning Linear Imager Sensor SLM Selective Laser-Melting SLM Service Level Management (Telekommunikation) SLM Spatial Light Modulator SLO Scanning Laser Ophthalmoskop

SLP Service Location Protocol (Telekommunikation)

SLR Satelliten-Laser-Radar SLR Send(ing) Loudness Rating (Telekommunikation) SLS Service Level Specification (Telekommunikation) SLT Statistical Learning Theory SLTE Subscriber Line Terminal Equipment (Telekommunikation) SM Session Management (Telekommunikation) SM Single Mode (optische Telekommunikation)

SM Software Manager SM Software Module SMA Shape Memory Alloy [or: Actuator] SMAD Sowjetische Militäradministration in Deutschland SMB Small and Medium Size Business (= KMU) SMC Service Management Center (Internet) SMC Sheet Moulding Compound SMC Switch Management Center (Telekommunikation) SMD Surface Mounted Device SMDS Switched Multimegabit Data Service SME Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (ESPRIT) [= KMU] SMES Superconductor Magnetic Energy Storage, supraleitender magnetischer Energiespeicher SMEX Small Explorer Program (USA, Raumfahrt) SMF Service Management Function (Telekommunikation) SMF Single Mode Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) SMG Special Mobile Group (TC im ETSI) SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (Rollverkehrsführungssystem) SMIF Standard Mechanical Interface SMILE Scientific Simulation Environment SML Service Management Layer (optische Telekommunikation) SMLC Serving Mobile Location Center (Telekommunikation)

SMLWEA Self-Modulated Laser Wakefield Accelerator SMP Service Management Point (or: Platform) (Telekommunikation) SMP Symmetric Multiprocessing SMPP Short Message Peer-to-Peer Protocol (Telekommunikation)

SMPTE Society of Motion Pictures and Television Engineers SMR Surface Movement Radar SMS Service Management System (Telekommunikation) SMS Short Message Service (Telekommunikation) SMS Single Molecule Spectroscopy SMS Statistical Mode Sensor SMS-C Short Message Service Center (Telekommunikation) SMT Surface Mount Technology (Platinenherstellung) SMTA Surface Mount Technology Association (Edina, MN, USA) SMTP Simple Mail Transport Protocol (Telekommunikation) SMU Source Measure Unit SN Service Node (Telekommunikation)

SNA System of National Accounts (Volkswirtschaft) SNAAP Study of Noise and Aerodynamics of Advanced Propellers (EU-Forschungsprojekt) SNAM Scanning Nearfield Acoustical Microscopy SNCP Sub-Network Connection Protection (Telekommunikation) SND [Alcatel] Submarine Networks Division (Seekabel) SNDCP Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol (Telekommunikation) S-NE STM Network Element (Telekommunikation) SNECMA Société Nationale d'étude et de construction de moteurs d'aviation (Paris, Frankreich) SNF Spent Nuclear Fuel (Radioaktiver Abfall) SNI Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme SNIU Subscriber's Network Interface Unit SNN Statistical Neural Networks SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (Internet) SNO Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (Kanada) SNOM Scanning Nearfield Optical Microscopy (or: Microscope) SNP (gesprochen: "Snip") Single Nucleotide Polymorphism SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio SNS Spallation Neutron Source (ORNL, TN, USA, Eröffnung geplant für 2006) SNU Seoul National University (Korea) SNU Solar Neutrino Unit (1 SNU = 1 Einfang/(1036 Targetatome·sec)) SNV Studiengesellschaft Nahverkehr Berlin SOA Safe Operating Area SOA Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (optische Telekommunikation) SOAE spontane otoakustische Emissionen SOAP Service Oriented Architecture Protocol (Telekommunikation) SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol (Telekommunikation)

SOAR Southern Observatory for Astronomical Research SOBRAC Sociedade Brasileria de Acústica SOC Self-Organized Criticality SOC Science Observation Center (XMM) SOCAP Smart Optical Correlator Auxiliary Processor SOE Sequence of Events SOE Standard Operating Environment SOFAR Sound Fixing and Ranging (Schall-Leitungskanal im Ozean) SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell; Solid Electrolyte Oxygen Fuel Cell (Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle) SOFI Soziologisches Forschungsinstitut (Göttingen) SOFIA Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (geplant für 2003) SOFIE Spectroscopy Using Optical Fibres in the Marine Environment (EU-Projekt) S of R (SoR) Society of Rheology (USA) SOHO Small Office, Home Office (Internet) SOHO Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (Satellit, 1995) SOI Silicon on Insulator SOI Solar Oscillatins Investigation (an Bord von SOHO) SOIF Standard Object Interchange Format (für Datenaustausch, Internet) SOL Senioren Online SOLIS Synoptic Optical Long-Term Investigations of the Sun (USA) SOM Scanning Optical Microscope SONAR Sound Navigation and Ranging SONATEC Selbstordnende Nanometer-Technologie SONET Synchronous Optical Network (optische Telekommunikation) SOO Site of Origin SOP Standard Opening Procedure SOQE Society for Optical and Quantum Electronics (McLean, VA, USA) SOR Society of Rheology (USA) SP Self-Pulsing (Telekommunikation) SP Service Provider (Telekommunikation) SPAD Signals Passed at Danger SPARC Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (USA) SPC Science Program Committee (ESA) SPC Statistical Process Coontrol SPEC System Performance Evaluation Cooperative (Computer-Prozessor-Leistungsfähigkeits-Test) SPECFP SPEC-fixed point SPECINT SPEC-integer SPECT Single Electron Emission Computer Tomography SPELDA Structure porteuse pour lancement doubles Ariane (Ariane-Transportsystem) SPF Shortest Path First (Telekommunikation) SPF Super Plastic Forming SPG Schweizerische Physikalische Gesellschaft SPI Service Provider Interface (Telekommunikation) SPI Software Process Improvement SPIE Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (jetzt: International Society of Optical Engineering) (USA) SPL Superconducting Proton Linac (CERN) SPM Scanning Probe Microscopy (or: Microscope) SPM Self Phase Modulation SPM Summary for Policy Makers (IPCC, über globale Klimaveränderung) SPMD Single-Program Multiple-Data SPOT Satellite pour l'observation de la terre SPP Serial Port Profile SPP Service Provisioning Point (Telekommunikation) SPR Single Path Routing (Telekommunikation) SPR Smith-Purcell Radiation SPRINT Strategic Program for Innovation and Technology Transfer SPRT Standard Platinum Resitance Thermometer SP-RTM Spinpolarisierte Rastertunnelmikroskopie SPS Signalling, Protocols and Switching (TC im ETSI) SPS The Slovak Physical Society SPS Society of Physics Students SPS Super Proton Synchrotron (CERN) SPTS Single Program Transport Stream (Telekommunikation)

SPVC Soft (or: Signalized) Permanent Virtual Circuit (Telekommunikation) SQL Standard (or: Structural, or: Structured) Query Language (Telekommunikation) SQUID Superconducting Quantum Interference Device SQW Single Quantum Well SR Search Retrieval SR Signal Recognition S/R Switch/Router (Telekommunikation) SRA Source-Receiver Array SRAM Sequential RAM (?) SRC Strategic Committee and Review (TC im ETSI) SRD Science Research Development (EU) SRD Short Range Device (Funkgeräte) SRET Scanning Reference Electrode Technique SRF Specialized Resources Function (Telekommunikation) SRF Strain Rate Feedback SRG Shared Risk Group (Telekommunikation) SRI Stanford Research Institute SRM Standard Reference Material (Temperaturstandard, NBS) SRNC Servicing Radio Network Controller (Telekommunikation)

SRP Special(ized) Resource(s) Point (Telekommunikation) SRS Sequence Retrieval System (Bioinformatik) SRS Synchrotron Radiation Source (Daresbury Laboratory, GB) SRT Source/Receiver Transponder SRTM Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRY Sex-Determining Region Y (Genetik) SSC Satellite Station Controller SSC Superconducting Super Collider (Texas, USA, geplant, aber 1993 aufgegeben) SSC Survey Scientist Consortium (XMM) SSCOP Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol (Datennetz) SSCU Signal Switching and Conditioning Unit (Telekommunikation)

SSD Switching System Division (Telekommunikation) SSEC Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (1947, Columbia, USA) SSF Service Switching Function (Telekommunikation) SSG Service Selection Group (Telekommunikation)

SSG Special Study Group

SSH Secured Shell (Telekommunikation) SSI Solid State Imaging [Camera] (Galileo-Satellit) SSI Stochastic Subspace Identification SSK Strahlenschutzkommission SSL Secure Socket Layer (Internet, offenes Verschlüsselungs-Protokoll) SSL Superconducting Sensor Laboratory (Chiba, Japan) SSM Standard-Sonnenmodell (Astrophysik) SSMF Standard Single Mode Fiber (optische Telekommunikation) SSO Single Sign On SSP Service Switching Point SSP Société Suisse de Physique SSPA Solid State Power Amplifier SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar SSR Solid State Relay SSS Space Segment SSST Southeastern Symposium on System Theory SSt Schallschutzstufen (Ruheschutz in Wohnungen, VDI-Richtlinie 4100) SST Sea Surface Temperature SST Subscriber Station (Teilnehmerstation) SST Super Sharp Tube (Röntgenröhre, Philips) SSU Synchronization Supply Unit (Telekommunikation) SSVF System Simulation and Verification Facility (ESTEC) SS7 Signaling System No. 7 (Telekommunikation) S&T Science and Technology ST Sixteen Thirty-two (Atari: 16 Bit externer/32 Bit interner Datenbus) ST Small Terminal ST Street (US Mail) STA Science and Technology Agency (Japan) STA Station (US Mail) STAR GLOBALSTAR Satellite Technology STAR Solenoidal Tracker of RHIC STAR Standardization and R & D Links (CEN-Arbeitsgruppe) STARS Software Technology for Adaptable Reliable Systems START Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak (Culham, UK) START Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty STARTAP Science, Technology and Research Transit Point (Datennetz der NSF, Chicago, IL, USA) STB Set Top Box (Telekommunikation)

STE Suite (US Mail) ST-ECF Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ESO) STEM Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope STEP Satellite Test of Equivalence Principle STEP (German) Students Exchange Programme STFT Short Time Fourier Transform STG Schiffbautechnische Gesellschaft SThM Scanning Thermal Microscopy STI Signal-Transduktions-Inhibitor (Medikamentenklasse)

STI Speech Transmission Index STIRAP Stimulated Raman Scattering Involving Adiabatic Passage STL Studio-to-Transmitter Link STM Scanning Thermal Microscopy STM Scanning Tunnel[ing] Microscopy STM Synchronous Transfer (or: Transport) Module (Datennetz) STN The Scientific and Technical Information Network (Datenbank) STN Supertwisted Nematic (Flüssigkristalle) STOL Short Take-off and Landing STP Shielded Twisted Pair (Datenkabel) STP Signaling Transfer Point (Telekommunikation) STP Silanterminierte Polyurethane (Kleb- und Dichtstoffe) STP Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol (Telekommunikation) STR Self-Tuning Regulator STRL Science and Technical Research Laboratories (NHK, Japan) STS Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy STS Section de Technicien Supérieure STS Synchronous Transport Signal (Datennetz) STS System Time Stamp (Telekommunikation) STSF Spatial Transformation of Sound Fields (Brüel & Kjær) STTI-KL Software-Technologie-Transfer-Initiative Kaiserslautern Stupa Studentenparlament SUB Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (Göttingen) SUMER Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (an Bord von SOHO) SUNDIAL Speech Understanding and Dialogue SUNY State University of New York (Buffalo, NY, USA) SuperSmile Superior Semiconductor Mid-Infrared Laser SUSI Sydney University Stellar Interferometer SUSY Supersymmetrie (Elementarteilchentheorie) SV Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft e.V. SVB Statistical Dialect of Visual Basic SVC Switched Virtual Circuit (Internet) SVD Singular Value Decomposition SVF Serial Vector Format S-VHS Super-VHS SVM Skalierungs-Vektor-Methode (nichtlineare Dynamik) SVO Spectroscopic Virtual Observatory SVST Swedish Vacuum Solar Telescope SW Software SWAN Solar Wind Anisotropy (an Bord von SOHO) SWAS Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite SWNT Single Wall Nanotubes SWS Semesterwochenstunde SXT Soft X-Ray Transient (Astrophysik) SYN Synchronize SysCoP System for Copyright Protection SZ Süddeutsche Zeitung

T

T Thymin (DNA-Base) TA Teaching Assistent (USA) TA Technikfolgen-Abschätzung TA Technische Anleitung TA Timing Advance (Telekommunikation)

TAB Büro für Technikfolgen-Abschätzung TAB Tape Automated Bonding TAC Technical Activity Committee (IEEE) TAC Technical Assistance Center (Telekommunikation) TACAMO Take Charge And Move Out (Milit.) TACACS Terminal Access Controller Access Control System (Telekommunikation) TACAS Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System TACIS Technical Assistence to the Commonwealth of Independent States (EU) TACS Total Access Communication System (Telekommunikation) TAG Multi-Standard Identification Plate TAI Temps Atomique International TAL Telephonic Acoustic Loss (Telekommunikation) TAL [Deutsche] Transalpine Ölleitung TALC Technology Adoption Life Cycle (Telekommunikation) TAN Total Acid Number (Chemie) TAN Transaktionsnummer (Homebanking) TAO Telecommunications Advancement Organization (Japan) TAP Test Access Board TAPI Telephony Application Programming Interface (Telekommunikation) TARA Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (Japan) TARMAC Taxi and Ramp Management and Control (DLR, Flughafenbetrieb) TAROT Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires (Frankreich)

TASCC Tandem Accelerator Superconducting Cyclotron (Ontario, Kanada) TAT thematischer Apperzeptionstest (Psychologie)

TAT Turn Around Time TAT 12/13 Transatlantic Ring (Glasfaserkabel USA - England - Frankreich) TATB Triaminotrinitrobenzol (Sprengstoff) .tau.-Code TAU: Triangular, Adaptive, Upwind (FVM-Variante) TAZ Die Tageszeitung TB Time-Bandwidth (Product) TBCCO Thallium-Barium-Calcium-Kupferoxid (HTSL) TBF Temporary Block Flow (Telekommunikation) tbg Technologie-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft (Tochter der Deutschen Ausgleichsbank) TBN Total Base Number (Chemie) TBR Technical Basis for Regulation (DECT) TBT Tributylzinn (in Anti-Fouling-Anstrichen)

TC Technical Committee (im CEN und ETSI) TC Traffic Conditioning TC Transcoder (Telekommunikation)

TC Transmission Convergence (Internet) TC Trellis Code (Modulation) TC Total Carbon TCA Threshold Crossing Alarms (Telekommunikation) TCAP Transaction Capabilities Application Part (Telekommunikation) TCDD 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlordibenzo-para-Dioxin (,,Seveso-Gift'') TCH Traffic Channel TCL Through Camera Lens (Autofocus-System für Videocameras) TCM Tagungszentrum Messe (Hannover) TCN Technical Committee on Noise (ASA) TCNQ 8-Tetracyano-p-chinodimethan(id) TCP Technological Capabilities Panel (USA) TCP Transmission Control Protocol (Rechnernetz) TCP Tumor Control Probability TCSCP Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting TDA Diaminotoluol TDCMA Time Division CDMA (Telekommunikation)

TDD Time Division Duplex(ing) (Telekommunikation) TDE Total Development Environment TDF Train Describer Function TDI Time-Delay Integration TDI Toluylendiisocyanat TDI Turbo Direct Injection (Motoren) TDLHS Tunable Diode Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer (NPL, UK) TDM Time Division Multiplex(ing) (Telekommunikation) TDMA Time Division Multiple Access (Telekommunikation) TDNN Time-Delay Neural Network T-DSL Telekom DSL (768 kbps Empfangs- und 128 kbps Sende-Geschwindigkeit) TDT Time Data Table TE Terminal Equipment (TC im ETSI) TE transversal elektrisch (Hohlleitermode) TEC Technical Expertise Center (Telekommunikation) TED Transnational English Database TEDS Transducer Electronic Data Sheet TEG [Fraunhofer-] Technologie-Entwicklungsgruppe (Stuttgart) TELI Technisch-Literarische Gesellschaft TELNET [Terminalemulation] (Rechnernetz) TEM Transmissionselektronenmikroskop(ie), Transmission Electron Microscope (or: Microscopy) TEMPUS Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Students (EU) TEN Trans-European Network (seit 1998, 155 Mbit/s) TEN-IBK Transeuropäische Netze - Integrierte Breitbandkommunikation TEOAE Transitorisch evozierte otoakustische Emissionen TEPAC Tube Engineering Panel Advisory Committee TEQ Tilt Equalizer (optische Telekommunikation) TER Terrace (US Mail) Terfenol-D Acronym aus Tb (Terbium), Dy (Dysprosium), Fe und NOL (Naval Ordnance Laboratory), sh. J. Appl. Phys. 50 (1979) 1674-1676 TERI Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Initiative TERN Terrestrial Ecosystems Research Network TES Terminal Server TESLA TeV-Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator (bei DESY, Hamburg, geplant) TEST Transferable European Space Technologies TETRA Trans-European Trunked Radio Access TEU Transmitter Equipment for UMTS (Telekommunikation)

TEXUS Technische Experimente unter Schwerelosigkeit TFB Transferbereich (im SFB) TFF Thin Film Filter

TFT Thin-Film Transistor TFT Traffic Flow Templates (Telekommunikation)

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol (Telekommunikation) TFTR Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) TFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephone System TFU Timing and Frequency Unit (Telekommunikation) TG Technical Group (INCE) TGA Trägergemeinschaft für Akkreditierung TG/CBE Technical Group on Computer and Business Equipment (INCE) TGHI Time Gated Holographic Imaging TGMS Third Generation Mobile Communication System (Telekommunikation) TGS Ticket-Granting Service (Datennetz) TGV Train à grande vitesse (?) (französische Bahn) TGW Trunking Gateway (Telekommunikation) TGZ Technologie- und Gründerzentrum THAAD Theater High Altitude Area Defense (USA) THD Total Harmonic Distortion THEL Tactical High-Energy Laser THEMIS Thermal Emission Imaging System (Mars-Sonde Odyssey)

THTR Thorium-Hochtemperatur-Reaktor (Hamm i. Westf.) TI Institut für Telematik e.V. (Trier) TI Texas Instruments TIA Telecom(munications) Industry Association (USA) TIB Technische Informationsbibliothek (Hannover) TIC Total Inorganic Carbon TICAM Texas Institute of Computational Mathematics (College Park, MD, USA) TIF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

TIFF Tag Image File Format (Graphikformat) TIG Tungsten-Inert Gas (Schutzgasschweißen) TIL Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (Zellen) TIM Terrestrial Interface Module (Telekommunikation) TIMS Teaching Integrated Math and Science (Chicago, IL, USA) TIMSS Third International Mathematics and Science Study TINA Telecommunications Information Network Architecture TIP Terabit IP Router (Telekommunikation)

TIPOR Terabit IP Optical Router (Telekommunikation) TIPS Theory of Inventive Problem Solving TJNAF Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Newport News, CA, USA) TK Telekommunikation TKG Telekommunikationsgesetz (25.7.96) TLC Thin Layer Chromatography TLS Transparent LAN Services (Telekommunikation) TLS Transport Layer Security (Telekommunikation) TM Terminal Multiplexer (Telekommunikation) TM Transmission and Multiplexing (TC im ETSI) TM transversal magnetisch (Hohlleitermode) TMC Traffic Message Channel TMCC Transmission and Multiplexing Configuration Control (Telekommunikation) TMF Tele-Management Forum (Telekommunikation) TMI Texas Materials Institute TMN Telecommunication(s) Management Network (Telekommunikation) TMR Training and Mobility of Researchers (EU-Programm) TMR Tunneling Magnetoresistance

TMTSF Tetramethyltetraselenanafulvalen (organischer Supraleiter) TN Tennessee (US-Staat) TN Twisted Nematic (Flüssigkristalle) TNAZ Trinitroazetin (Sprengstoff) TNF Tumor Nekrose Factor TNL Transport Network Layer (Telekommunikation)

TNM Tumor, Nodi [Lymphknoten], Metastasen (Krebsstadium-Klassifizierung) TNO [Nederlandse organisatie voor] Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNPP Telocator Network Paging Protocol TNT Trinitrotoluol TO Thermo-Optical [Effects] ToA Time of Arrival TOC Total Organic Carbon TOE Theory of Everything TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language (Sprachtest für Austauschstudenten) TOF Time-of-Flight (Massenspektrometer) TOFMS Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Tokamak [russ. Abk.: Ringkammer mit Magnetspule] (Kernfusionsreaktor) TOMS Total Ozone Mapping Sensor TON Taiwan Oscillation Network TOP Techical and Office Protocol (Datennetze) TOP thermooptisch variabler Polymerwerkstoff TOP Time-Averaged Orbiting Potential TOPAS Tankfahrzeug mit optimierten passiven und aktiven Sicherheitseinrichtungen TOPS Trends in Optics and Photonic Series (OSA, Buchreihe) TOS The Operating System TOS Type of Service (Telekommunikation) TOT Time Offset Table TOU Technologieorientierte Unternehmensgründungen (Modellversuch, neue Bundesländer) TOXC Transparent Optical Cross-Connect (optische Telekommunikation)

TPA Transient Program Area TPC Transmission Power Control (Telekommunikation)

TPC5 Transpacific Cable Link (Glasfaserkabel USA - Japan) TPD Technisch Physische Dienst (TNO-TU Delft, NL) TPF Terrestrial Planet Finder (geplant) TPFM Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy TPI Terahertz Pulse Imaging TPKE Turnpike (US Mail) TPS Turbine Powered Simulators (Modelltriebwerke) TPV Thermophotovoltaik TPX Tokamak Physics Experiment (Fusionsreaktortechnik, PPPL) TQM Total Quality Management T/R Transmit/Receive [Modus] (Telekommunikation) TRADE Transatlantic Research and Development Environment TRANS Technologien aus der Raumfahrt für Anwendungen in Nicht-Raumfahrtsparten (DLR und MST Aerospace GmbH, Köln) Transceiver Transmitter + Receiver Transponder Transmitter + Responder TRBF Technische Regeln für brennbare Flüssigkeiten TRC Transportation Research Center (Ohio State University) TRC Tsukuba Research Consortium (Japan) TRE Transceiver Equipment (Telekommunikation)

TREC Théorie des Réseaux et Communications

TRELIBS Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy TRGS Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe TRI Time Reversal Invariance Tri Trichlorethen TRIP Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property TRIUMF (Kanadisches Kernforschungszentrum) TRIZ Teoriya Resheniya Izobratelskikh Zadatch (russische Abkürzung für TIPS) TRK Technische Richtkonzentration TRM Time Reversal Mirror TRMM Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission TRN Topology Representing Network (Selbstorganisation) TROSY Transverse Relaxation-Optimized Spectroscopy TRP Test Resource Partitioning TRU Transuranic Waste (Radioaktiver Abfall) TS Time Slot (Datenübertragung) TS Transport Stream (Digital Broadcast) TSAPI Telephone Services Application Programmming Interface (Telekommunikation) TSC-IP Transparent System Connector IP (Telekommunikation) TSER Targeted Socio-Economic Research Programme (EC) T-SGW Transport Signaling Gateway (Telekommunikation)

TSM Tandem Scanning Microscope TSO Technical Specifications Organizations

TSOM Traffic and Service Optimization Module (Telekommunikation) TSP Thiele Small Parameter (Lautsprechertest) TSP Traveling Salesman Problem TSR Tag Switched Routing (Telekommunikation)

TSR Terminate and Stay Resident TSR Test-Speicher-Ring (in Heidelberg) TSS Teleworker Success Suite (Telekommunikation) TST Trusted Signature Terminal TT Technology Transfer TT Traffic Trunk (Telekommunikation) TT Trust Territory (US Mail) TTC Telecommunications Technology Council (Japan) TTC Telemetry and Telecommand TT&C Tracking, Telemetry and Command (Telekommunikation) TTCN Tree and Tabular Combined Notation TTF Tetrathiafulvalen TTL Time to Live TTP Thymidintriphosphat TTR Time to Repair TTS T-Tauri-Sterne TTS Text-to-Speech (Sprachsynthese) TU Terminal Unit TUB Technische Universität Berlin TUD Technische Universität Darmstadt TUG (National astronomical observatory of Turkey)

TUG TeX User Group TUHH Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg TUI Touristik Union International GmbH & Co. KG TULIP The University Licensing Program TUM Technische Universität München TUTB European Confederation of Trade Unions (Technical Bord) [Europäischer Gewerkschaftsbund (Technisches Büro)] TV Television TVA Tennessee Valley Authority (USA) TVD Total Variation Diminishing (numerisches Rechenverfahren) TVML TV Program Making Language TWA Time Weighted Average TWA Transmit Wavelength Adapter (optische Kommunikation) TWAS Third World Academy of Sciences TWC Three Way Catalytic (Auspuff) TWD Transparente Wärmedämmung TWT Traveling Wave Tube (Mikrowellenverstärker) TX Texas (US-Staat) TXT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Textdatei)

U

UA User Agent (or: Access) (Telekommunikation) UAC User Agent Client (Telekommunikation) UAG Universal Access Gateway (Telekommunikation) UARC Upper Atmosphere Research Collaboratory UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (Telekommunikation) UAS Universal Access Server (Telekommunikation) UAS User Agent Server (Telekommunikation) UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (USA) UBA Umweltbundesamt (Berlin) UBC Uniform Building Code (USA) UBR Unspecific (or: Unspecified) Bit Rate (Datennetz) UB/TIB Universitätsbibliothek und Technische Informations-Bibliothek (Hannover) UC Unit Circle UCAR University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (USA) UCLA University of California at Los Angeles UCN Ultracold Neutrons UCS Uniform Communications System UCS Union of Concerned Scientists UCSB University of California at Santa Barbara UCSC University of California at Santa Cruz UCSD University of California at San Diego UCSF University of California at San Francisco UDDI Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (Telekommunikation) UDI Unrestricted Digital Information (Telekommunikation) UDL Universität des Dritten Lebensalters UDLR Uni-Directional Link Routing (Telekommunikation) UDP User Data(gram) Protocol (Internet) UDS Upper-Data-Strobe (Atari) UE Unterhaltungselektronik UE User Equipment (Telekommunikation)

UFC Universities Funding Council (UK) UFZ Umweltforschungszentrum (Leipzig/Halle) UGC User Ground Component (Telekommunikation) UHF Ultra High Frequency (0,3 - 3 GHz) UHTS Ultra-High Throughput Screening UHV Ultra High Vacuum, Ultrahochvakuum UIC Union internationale des chemins de fer UIC University of Illinois, Chicago UIME User Information Management Entities (Telekommunikation) UITB Union Internationale des Transports Publics UIUC University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UK United Kingdom (auch im Internet) UKAEA UK Atomic Energy Authority UKSEDS UK Students for the Exploration and Development of Space ULDB Ultra Long Duration Balloon ULEF Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (Kfz-Technik) ULF-FORTH (Laserforschungslaboratorium, Iraklion, GR) ULIRG Ultraluminous, Infrared-Emitting Galaxy ULSI Ultra Large Scale Integration UM Universal Messaging (Telekommunikation) UMIS universelles mobiles Informationssystem UMIST University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology UMK Umweltministerkonferenz UML Unified Modeling Language (Computerprogramm-Struktur) UMLS Unified Medical Language System UMS Unified Messaging Service (Telekommunikation) UMSICHT [Fraunhofer-Institut für] Umwelt-, Sicherheits- und Energietechnik (Oberhausen) UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication(s) Standard (or: System) UNAEC United Nations Atomic Energy Commission UNC-CH University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro, Juni 1992) UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNE Unbundled Network Element (Telekommunikation)

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNI Union Network International (Gewerkschaftsorganisation, seit 1.1.2000) UNI User-Network Interface (Datennetz) UNIC United Nations Information Center (viele Standorte weltweit) UNILAC Universal Linear Accelerator (GSI) UNIX-CE UNIX-Based Control Element UNL Universal Network Language UNO United Nations Organization UNSCEAR United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation UNSCOM United Nations Special Commission

UNSW University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australien)

UPC Ultrafast Photonics Collaboration (UK) UPC Universal Product Code (Strichcode) UP-CAP Ultra Power Capacitor UPD User Profile Directory (Telekommunikation)

UPS Unified Profile Scheme (Telekommunikation)

UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply (= USV) UPSR Unidirectional Path Switching (or: Switched) Ring (optische Kommunikation) UPT Universal Personal Telecommunications UPV Unpiloted Vehicle UR Universal Routing (Telekommunikation) URA Unité de recherche associée au CNRS URA Universities Research Association (USA) URAN UMTS Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) URETI University Research, Engineering, and Technology Institute

(befristete NASA-Gründungen in USA)

URI Uniform Resource Identifier (Telekommunikation) URL Universal Resource Locator (or: Location) (Internet) URS User Requirements Specification URSI Union Radio-Scientifique Internationale

URT User Registration Tool (Telekommunikation) US(A) United States (of America) USAF US Air Force USANS Ultrasmall-Angle Neutron Scattering

USARDSG-UK United States Army Research, Development and Standardization Group - United Kingdom USART Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter USB Universal Serial Bus (Datentransfer) USC University of Southern California USCM Universal Service Component Model USGS US Geological Survey (Denver, CO) USIM UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (Telekommunikation)

USM User Service Manager (Telekommunikation) USPAS US Particle Accelerator School USPTO US Patent and Trademark Office USSD Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (Telekommunikation) USST Usage Specification and Specification Testing UST Umweltsensortechnologie USV unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung UT Universal Time UT Utah (US-Staat) UTC Universal Time Coordinated (or: Continuous) UTD Uniform Geometric Theory of Diffraction UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair (Datenkabel) UTR Untranslated Region (in RNA) UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (Telekommunikation) UUCP Unix-to-Unix Copy Program (Rechnernetz) UV Ultraviolet, Ultraviolett UVCS Ultraviolet Coronograph Spectrometer (an Bord von SOHO) UVV Unfall-Verhütungs-Vorschrift UWB Ultra Wide Band (Telekommunikation)

UWCC Universal Wireless Communication Consortium (Telekommunikation) UWG Gesellschaft für Umwelt- und Wirtschaftsgeologie mbH (Berlin)

V

VA Virginia (US-Staat) VAD Voice Activity Detection (Telekommunikation) VALUE Valorisation and Utilisation for Europe (EU) VAMAS Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards VAS Value Added Service (Telekommunikation) VBA [Microsoft] Visual Basic for Applications VBC Vienna BioCenter (Wien)

VBD Voice Band Data (Telekommunikation) VBG Verwaltungs-Berufsgenossenschaft VBG Verzeichnis der Einzel-Unfallverhütungsvorschriften der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften VBI Vertical-Blank-Interrupt, Vertical Blanking Interval vBNS Very High Performance Backbone Network Service (USA, Gbit/s-Netz) VBR Variable Bit Rate (Datenübertragung) VC Venture Capital(ist) VC Vinylchlorid VC Virtual Circuit (Internet) VC Virtual Channel (Internet) VC Virtual Container (Kommunikation) VCC Virtual Channel Connection (Internet) VCG Venture Capital-Gesellschaft VCI Verband der Chemischen Industrie VCI Virtual Channel Identifier VCI Voltage Contrast Imaging VCIP Visual Communications and Image Processing Conference VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator VCOSS Vibration Control of Space Structures VCR Video Cassette Recorder

VCS V-Groove Connector System (Telefon, Steckverbinder) VCSEL Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting [Semiconductor] Laser, Vertikalresonator-Laserdiode V&D Voice and Data (Telekommunikation) VDBiol Verband Deutscher Biologen VDE Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V. VDEh Verein Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute e.V. VDI Verein Deutscher Ingenieure e.V. VDI Virtual Device Interface VDI-EKV VDI-Gesellschaft Entwicklung Konstruktion Vertrieb VDMA Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbauer VDSÄ Vereinigung Deutscher Strahlenschutzärzte e.V. VDSL Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line VDU Visual Display Unit (= Monitor) VDV Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen VDW Vereinigung Deutscher Wissenschaftler VE Virtual Environment VEB Volkseigener Betrieb (DDR) VECSEL Vertical External Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser VEGF vaskulärer endotheliarer Wachstumsfaktor VELI Virtuell European Laser Institute VERITAS Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (Tucson, TX, USA, geplant für 2005) VERONICA Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-Wide Index to Computerized Archives (Rechnernetz, Gopher) VESA Video Electronic Standards Association VEV Voice-Excited Vocoder VF Vacuum Fluorescence VFA Verband Forschender Arzneimittelhersteller VFD Vacuum Fluorescent Display VfK Vereinigung für Kristallographie VGA Video Graphics Adapter VGA Video Graphics Array VGF Vertical Gradient Freeze (Kristallzucht) VHB Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern VHDA Very-High-Density Amorphous (Ice) VHDL VLSI Hardware Description Language VHE Very High Energy VHE Virtual Home Environemnt (Telekommunikation) VHF Very High Frequency (30 - 300 MHz) VI Virgin Islands (US Mail) VICKSI Van de Graaf-Isochron-Cyclotron-Kombination für Schwere Ionen VICS Vehicle Information and Communication System VIK Vereinigtes Institut für Kernforschung (Dubna, Russland) VIP Very Important Person VIP Virtual Internet Protocol (Telekommunikation) VIPeR Value-Added IP Routing (Telekommunikation)

VIRGO Variability Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations (an Bord von SOHO) VIRIM virtuelle Realität in der Medizin VIROR Virtuelle Hochschule Oberrhein (seit Mitte 1998) VIS Visible Imaging System VIS Visual Instruction Set VISA Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (Telekommunikation) ViSEK Virtuelles Kompetenzzentrum für Software Engineering VISS VHS-Index-Such-System VISTA Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (UK) VITA VME bus International Trade Association VIVRE Interactive Virtual Reality Environment (EU) VK Verbundkatalog maschinenlesbarer Daten VKTA Verein für Kernverfahrenstechnik und Analytik Rossendorf e.V. VL Virtual Laboratory

VLA Very Large Array (Radioteleskop) VLAN Virtual LAN (Internet) VLBA Very Long Baseline Array VLBI Very Long Baseline Interferometry VLF Very Low Frequency (3 - 30 kHz) VLHC Very Large Hadron Collider (geplanter Nachfolger für LHC) VLIW Very Long Instruction Word (Computertechnik) VLL Virtual Leasing Line (Telekommunikation) VLR Visitor Location Register (Telekommunikation) VLSI Very Large-Scale Integration (Circuit) VLT Very Large Telescope (Chile) VLY Valley (US Mail) VMAN Virtual MAN (Telekommunikation) VOA Variable Optical Attenuator (Photonik)

VoATM Voice over ATM (Telekommunikation) VOB Verdingungsordnung für Bauleistungen VOC Volatile Organic Carbon (or: Compound) VoD Video on Demand VoFR Voice over Frame Relay (Telekommunikation) VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol (Telekommunikation) VoP Voice over Packet (Telekommunikation) VOX Voice-Operated Switch Voxel (volume pixel, quaderförmige Volumenelemente) VP Virtual Path (Internet) VPC Virtual Path Connection (Internet) VPI Virtual Path Identifier VPI&SU Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, VA, USA) VPL Virtual Programming Language

VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service (Telekommunikation) VPN Virtual Private Network, Virtuelles Privates Netz (Internet) VPS Video-Programm-System VPS Virtual LAN Policy Server (Telekommunikation) VPT Videotext-Programmier-System VPU Voice Processing Unit (Telekommunikation) VPWS Virtual Private Wire Services (Telekommunikation) VQ Vector Quantization VR Virtual Reality VRAS Virtual Reality Audio System VRF Virtual Routing and Forwarding (Telekommunikation) VRID Virtual Router Identification (Telekommunikation) VRML Virtual Reality Markup (or: Modeling) Language VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (Telekommunikation) VSA Vector Signal Analyzer VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal (Fernerkundung, Datennetz) VSB Vestigial Sideband (Modulation) VSDL Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation) VSELP Vector Sourcebook Excited Linear Predictive Coding (Sprachkompressionssystem) V-SK VIPeR System Kernel (Telekommunikation)

VSL Varying-Speed-of-Light (Theory) (Kosmologie) VSM Vibrating Sample Magnetometer VSMS Virtual School of Molecular Sciences (Nottingham, UK) VSOP Versatile Scalable On Board Processing Unit (Einplatinenrechner) V.S.O.P Very special old pale (Cognac) VSPD Variable Sensitivity Photodetector Cell VSTOL Vertical and Short Take-off and Landing VT Vermont (US-Staat) VT Virtual Tributary (Kommunikation) VTEC Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control (Kfz-Technik) VTOL Vertical Take-off and Landing VTR Video Tape Recorder (?) VTS Vessel Traffic Service (für Schiffsverkehr im Hafen) VTT Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus (Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finnland)

VUB Virtuelle Universität Berlin VUV Vakuumultraviolett, Vacuum-Ultraviolet VWCS Voice Web Communications Server (Telekommunikation) VWL Volkswirtschaftslehre VWM Voice Web Manager (Telekommunikation) VXML Voice Extensible Markup Language (Telekommunikation)

W

WA Washington (US-Staat) WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System (Telekommunikation) WACN West Anglia Cancer Network (UK) WA/D Wavelength Add/Drop (Telekommunikation)

WAD Wide Area Differential (Satellitennavigation) WADM Wavelength Add/Drop Multiplexer (optische Telekommunikation) WAF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Sounddatei)

WAIS Wide-Area Information Server (or: Service) (Rechnernetz) WAK Wiederaufbereitungsanlage Karlsruhe WAN Wide Area Network (Rechnernetze) WAP Wireless Application Protocol (scherzhaft auch: Wait and Pay) (Telekommunikation) WARC World Administrative Radio Conference WBCO Waveguide Below Cutoff WBEM Web Based Element Management (Telekommunikation) WBGU Wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Bundesregierung Globale Umweltveränderungen WBL Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Blaue Liste WBS Wireless Base Station (Telekommunikation) WBS Work Breakdown Structure WBT WEB-basierte Trainingssysteme W-CDMA Wideband CDMA (Telekommunikation) WCT WIPO Copyright Treaty WCU World Congress on Ultrasonics WDM Wave(length) Division Multiplex(ing) (optische Telekommunikation) WDMA Wavelength Division Multiple Access (optische Telekommunikation) WECA Wireless Ethernet Company Alliance (Telekommunikation) WECC WEB Enabled Call Center (Telekommunikation) WECC Western European Calibration Cooperation WECPNL Weighted Equivalent Continuous Perceived Noise Level WEEE Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEH Wilhelm und Else Heraeus (Stiftung) WELAC Western European Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation WELMEC Western European Legal Metrology Cooperation WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy (Telekommunikation) WESCON Western Electronic Show and Convention (USA) WESTP(R)AC Western Pacific Regional Acoustics Conference WFBA Weighted Fair Buffer Allocation (Telekommunikation)

WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing (Telekommunikation) WG Working Group WGL Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz WGW Wireless Gateway (Telekommunikation) WHG Wasserhaushaltsgesetz WHH Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg (Supraleitungstheorie) WHO World Health Organization WHOI Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution WI Wisconsin (US-Staat) WIDE Wide-Angle Imaging Lidar WiFS Wide Field Sensor (NASA-Satellit, seit 1997) WIMP Weakly Interacting Massive Particle WiN Wissenschaftsnetz (Datennetz) WIP Wissenschaftler-Integrationsprogramm (ehem. DDR) WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization WIPP Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (Radioaktiver Abfall, Carlsbad, NM, USA) WIS WAN Interface Sublayer (Telekommunikation) WISA Wirtschaftsorientierte Strategische Allianz (FhG) WISTA Wissenschafts- und Technologiepark Berlin-Adlershof (oder: Wirtschafts- und Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin-Adlershof) WIXC Wavelength Interchanging Cross-Connect (optische Telekommunikation) WIYN Wisconsin-Indiana-Yale-NOAO WKI Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut (Fraunhofer-Institut für Holzforschung, Braunschweig) WKN Wertpapierkennnummer WL Wechselsprech- und Lautsprecherkommunikation WLA Wavelength Adapter (optische Telekommunikation) WLAN Wireless LAN WLC Worm-Like Chain (Polymerphysik) WLL Wireless Local Loop (Internet) WLS Web Lecturing and Training System

WLT Wissenschaftlicher Arbeitskreis Lasertechnik WMA (Dateinamenerweiterung: Videodatei)

WMA Windows Media Audio WMAP Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (Kosmologie) WMF (Dateinamenerweiterung: Graphikdatei)

WMF Windows-Metafile WML Wireless Markup Language (Telekommunikation) WMO World Meteorological Organization WNT Wireless Network Termination (Telekommunikation) WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment WOKS [Allunionsgesellschaft für kulturelle Verbindungen mit dem Ausland] (russisch) WORM Write Once - Read Many (Opto-Disk) WPD Work Package Definition WPG (Dateinamenerweiterung: WordPerfect-Graphikdatei)

WPPT WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty WR Wissenschaftsrat WRC World Radiocommunication(s) Conference WRED Weighted Random Early Detection (or: Discard) (Telekommunikation) WRI (Dateinamenerweiterung: Windows Writer-Textdatei)

WRR Weighted Round Robin (Telekommunikation) WS Werkzeugstahl

WS Wireless Substation (Telekommunikation) WSDL Web Services Description Language (Telekommunikation) WSES World Scientific and Engineering Society WSF Workstation Function WSP Wireless Session Protocol WSRT Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (NL) WSS Wide Screen Signalling WSS Worldwide Support Systems (HP) WSU Washington State University WSXC Wavelength Selective Cross-Connect (optische Telekommunikation) WTA Wireless Telephony Application (Telekommunikation) WTAI Wireless Telephony Application Interface (Telekommunikation) WTDMA Wideband Time Division Multiple Access (Telekommunikation)

WTO World Trade Organization WT-OXC Wavelength-Translating Optical Cross Connect (optische Kommunikation) WTR Wind-Temperatur-Radar WTZ Wissenschaftlich-Technische Zusammenarbeit (BMBF) WUSTL Washington University in St. Louis WV West Virginia (US-Staat) WV Wiedervorlage WVU West Virginia University (USA)

WWF (alt:) World Wildlife Fund, (neu:) World-Wide Fund for Nature WWG World Wide Grid (Rechnernetz) WWMCCS World-Wide Military Control and Communication System WWW World Wide Web (Rechnernetz) WY Wyoming (US-Staat) WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get WZB Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung GmbH WZH Wissenschaftliches Zentrum Heidelberg (der IBM) W3C World-Wide Web Consortium

X

XAFS X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure XANES X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure XAS X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy xBIOS Extended BIOS XBS Exchange Base(band) Station (Telekommunikation) xDSL Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation)

XIPS Xenon Ion Propulsion Subsystem (Satellitenantrieb) XLS (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Excel-Datei)

XLT (Dateinamenerweiterung: Microsoft Excel-Vorlage)

XM Cross Modulation (Distortion) XML Extensible Markup Language XMM X-Ray Multi-Mirror Mission (Dez. 1999) XMP X-Ray Microprobe XOR Exclusive Or XPCS X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy X-PEEM X-Ray PEEM XPM Cross-Phase Modulation XPS X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy XQUL XML Query & Update Language (Telekommunikation)

XRB X-Ray Background (Astrophysik) XRD X-Ray Diffraction [Sensors] XRF X-Ray Fluorescence X-SAR X-Band SAR XSE Executive for Services Environment (Telekommunikation) XSEM X-Ray Secondary-Emission Microscopy XSL Extensible Stylesheet Language

Y

YAC Yeast Artificial Chromosome YAG Yttrium-Aluminum Garnet (Laser) YBCO Yttrium-Barium-Kupfer-Oxid YBa2Cu3O7 (HTSL) YES Year of Engineering Scuccess YOTO International Year of the Ocean (1998) YSN Young Scientists Network (USA) Y2K Year 2000 [problem]

Z

ZAE Bayern Bayerisches Zentrum für Angewandte Energieforschung (Würzburg) ZALF Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung und -gestaltung (oder: Zentrum für Agrarlandschafts- und Nutzungsforschung) (Müncheberg) ZaPF Zusammenkunft aller Physik-Fachschaften ZARM Zentrum für Angewandte Raumfahrttechnologie und Mikrogravitation (,,Fallturm'', Universität Bremen) ZAV Zentralstelle für Arbeitsvermittlung (Frankfurt/M) ZAVIR Zurechenbarkeit von Aktionen in virtuellen Welten ZBL Zentralbibliothek der Landesbauwissenschaften (Bonn) ZDB Zeitschriftendatenbank ZDC Zero Degree Calorimeter (CERN) ZDF Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen ZDH Zentralverband des Deutschen Handwerks ZDL Zivildienstleistender ZEAM Zentraleinrichtung für Audiovisuelle Medien (FU Berlin) ZEBET [Centre for the Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Animal Experiments] (DE) ZEF Zentrum für Entwicklungsforschung (Bonn, seit 1997) ZEI Zentrum für Europäische Integrationsforschung (Bonn, seit 1997) ZEKE Zero Kinetic Energy (Spektroskopie) ZEM Zentrale Einrichtung Medien (Göttingen) ZENIT Zentrum für Innovation und Technik (Mühlheim, NRW) ZENS Zentrum für Europa- und Nordamerika-Studien (Göttingen) ZEvA Zentrale Akkreditierungs- und Evaluationsagentur Hannover ZFK Zentralinstitut für Kernforschung (Rossendorf, bis 1991) ZFMK Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander König (Bonn) ZFO Forschungs[- und Entwicklungs]personal-Zuwachsförderung Ost (BMFT) ZfP Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung ZFW Zentralinstitut für Festkörperphysik und Werkstoffforschung (Akademie der Wissenschaften, DDR) ZfW Zentrum für Funktionswerkstoffe (Göttingen) ZGDV Zentrum für Graphische Datenverarbeitung (Darmstadt) ZGI Zentrales Geologisches Institut (DDR) ZHG Zentrales Hörsaalgebäude ZIE Zentralinstitut für Elektronenphysik (DDR) ZiM Zentrum für interdisziplinäre Medienwissenschaft (Göttingen) ZIP (Dateinamenerweiterung: Archivdatei, komprimiert)

ZIP Zone Improvement Plan (Postleitzahlen, USA) ZIPE Zentralinstitut für die Physik der Erde (DDR) ZISW Zentralinstitut für Sprachwissenschaft (Berlin) ZK Zentralkomitee (der kommunistischen Partei, UdSSR) ZKA Zentraler Kreditausschuss ZKI Zentren für Kommunikation und Informationsverarbeitung in Lehre und Forschung e.V. ZKRD Zentrales Knochenmarkspender-Register Deutschland ZMB Zentralbibliothek der Medizin (Köln) ZMNH Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie (Hamburg) ZNS Zentralnervensystem ZOS Zentralinstitut für Optik und Spektroskopie (DDR) ZPID Zentralstelle für Psychologische Information und Dokumentation (Trier) ZSb Zentrale Studien- und Studentenberatung ZUMA Zentrum für Umfragen, Methoden und Analysen (Mannheim) ZVEI Zentralverband der Elektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie ZWG Zentralinstitut für Wissenschaftlichen Gerätebau (Adlershof, DDR)

Ziffern

2D Two-Dimensional 2DEG Two-Dimensional Electron Gas 2G Second Generation (Telekommunikation)

2R Receive, Reshape (optische Telekommunikation) 3D Three-Dimensional 3DCRT 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy 3G Third Generation (Telekommunikation) 3G.IP 3G Mobile Internet (Telekommunikation)

3GL Third Generation Language 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project (Telekommunikation) 3G3P Third Generation Patents Platform Partnership (Telekommunikation)

3R Retime, Reshape and Regenerate (or: Reshaping, Retiming, Reamplification) (optische Datenübertragung) 8PSK 8 Phase Shift Keying (Modulation)

Liste von Abkürzungen Gesammelt von Dr. Dieter Guicking, Göttingen, http://www.physik3.gwdg.de/~guicking. Fehlernachrichten und Ergänzungsvorschläge bitte an: [email protected]. Stand: 11.01.2004.

Bearbeitet von Dd. Roger Wolf, München Stand 11.06.2008

Authentication, Authorization, Accounting and Auditing (Telekommunikation) Optimal Acoustic Equivalent Source Descriptors for Automotive Noise Modelling [Fraunhofer-]Arbeitsgruppe für Drahtlose Kommunikations- und Multimediatechnik (Erlangen) [Afrikanisch-Eurasisches Regionalabkommen zur Erhaltung der Wasservögel]

Abteilung für Angewandte Systemanalyse (Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe)

Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, USA

Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fachdidaktik der Naturwissenschaften und der Mathematik

Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory (Edwards Air Force Base, CA, USA)

Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development, North Atlantic Treaty Organization Akeno Giant Air Shower Array (Japan, zum Nachweis kosmischer Strahlung) [Fraunhofer-] Anwendungszentrum für Computergraphik in Chemie und Pharmazie

Automotive Industry Developing Center (Südafrika, mit FhG-Unterstützung)

Arbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungsvereinigungen ,,Otto von Guericke'' e.V. (Köln) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Autonome Intelligente Systeme (St. Augustin, früher GMD) Active Noise Control Fan (NASA Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA) Advanced Propulsion Installation Aerodynamics and Noise (EU-Forschungsprojekt) Automatic Retrieval of Text from Europe's Multinational Information Service Astronomical Studies of Extrasolar Planetary Systems (Mount Palomar, CA, USA)

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers

Anwender-(Anwendungs-)spezifischer IC, Application-Specific Integrated Circuit Akkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften und der Informatik

Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (Erd-Fernerkundung)

Bundesanstalt für gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin

Back Light Compensation (Video-Kamera: Gegenlicht-Blendenvergrößerung) Balloon Observations of Millimetric Extragalactic Radiation and Geomagnetics Barium-Strontium-Calcium-Copper Oxide, Barium-Strontium-Calcium-Kupfer-Oxid (HTSL)

Bovine spongiforme Enzephalopathie, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (Rinderwahnsinn)

Bulletin of Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Yokohama, Japan) Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA)

Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic (Telekommunikation) Concept to Amplify Plutonium Reduction in Advanced Fast Reactors (CEA)

Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (Newport News, VA, USA)

Committee of European Environmental Engineering Societies (am ICT, Pfinztal)

Comité Européen de Normalisation [European Committee for Standardization,

Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung) Conseil Européenne pour la Recherche Nucléaire (jetzt: Organisation Européenne ...)

Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (VPI & SU, Blacksburg, VA, USA)

International Cooperation for Integration of Prepress, Press and Postpress (Druckindustrie)

Convention of the International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora [Fraunhofer-] Center for Manufacturing and Advanced Materials (Newark, DE, USA)

[International] Conference on Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements

Common Management Information Services (or: System) Element (Telekommunikation) International Coordinating Committee on Speech Databases and Speech I/O Systems Assessment Calculation of Non-Newtonian Flow: Finite Elements and Stochastic Simulation Technique

Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (National Academy, USA)

Coopération Européenne dans la domaine de la recherche scientifique et technique [Fraunhofer-] Center for Research in Computer Graphics (Providence, RI, USA)

Center for Research on Innovation and Society (Santa Barbara, CA, USA, und Berlin) Computer Supported Telecommunication(s) (or: Telephony) Application (Telekommunikation)

Dual Axis Radiographic Hydrodynamic (Test) Facility (Los Alamos, NM, USA)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chemisches Apparatewesen, chemische Technik und Biotechnologie e.V. Digital Enhanced (früher: European) Cordless Telecommunication (or: Telephone)

Deutsche Koordinierungsstelle für IT-Normenkonformitätsprüfung und -zertifizierung Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (Braunschweig, 1962)

Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (1969-1989, danach: DLR) Doublet III (Fusionsreaktortechnik, General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA) Doublet III-D (Fusionsreaktortechnik, General Atomics, San Diego, CA, USA)

Deutsches Institut für Internationale Pädagogische Forschung (Frankfurt/M) Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (ab 1989, früher: DFVLR). Differentielle optische Absorptionsspektroskopie, Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy

Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositoning Integrated by Satellite (ENVISAT) Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Zertifizierung von Qualitätsmanagementsystemen mbH

Development of Design Tools for Reduced Aerodynamic Noise WindTurbines (EU-Forschungsprojekt)

Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft, Gesellschaft für medizinische Radiologie, Strahlenbiologie und Display Technology Incorporated (Zusammenschluss von IBM und Toshiba zur Produktion Energie-Aktiengesellschaft Mitteldeutschland (früher: Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft Mitteldeutschland) COST European Cooperation in the Field Field of Scientific and Technical Research European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (Bologna, Italien)

Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer (Cambridge University, 1949)

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (University of Pennsylvania, 1950)

Erleichterung für Existentzgründungen aus Forschungseinrichtungen (ein Fonds) European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System (or: Service) (Satellitennavigation)

European Information and Communication Technology Industry Association Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, elektromagnetisch induzierte Transparenz

[Fraunhofer-] Einrichtung für Systeme der Kommunikationstechnik (München)

Elektronenbeschleuniger hoher Brillanz und geringer Emittanz (FZR, Rossendorf) (-Modell) nach Olin Eggen, Donald Lynden-Bell und Allan Sandage (Astronomie) Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1945) Electronic Print Server for Research Information on Natural Science and Technology

European Community Action Scheme for the Mobiliy of University Students

Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron Experiment (an Bord von SOHO) European Southern Observatory, Europäische Organisation für astronomische Forschung in der

European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information Technology Electric(al) (or: Electronic) Time Division Multiplexing (optische Telekommunikation) European Collaboration on Measurement Standards, European Metrology Organization

Energieversorgungsunternehmen (früher: Elektrizitätsversorgungsunternehmen)

Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering and Technology (USA) Falsification, Fabrication of Results, Plagiarism (Fälschung und Täuschung in der Wissenschaft) Forschungsinstitut Borstel, Institut für Experimentelle Biologie und Medizin

Field Integrated Design & Operations Rover (NASA, für Marslandemission) [Verband der europäischen Bauindustrie, International European Construction Association]

Forschungsinstitut für Geräusche und Erschütterungen (Herzogenrath (oder: Aachen))

FIZ Karlsruhe, Gesellschaft für wissenschaftlich-technische Information (Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen) Fibre Link Around the Globe (Glasfaser-Kabel UK-Europa-Nordafrika-Indien-Japan)

Fehlermöglichkeits- und Einflussanalyse, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis

Forschungsverbund Naturwissenschaft, Abrüstung und internationale Sicherheit

Frontier of Science (interdisziplinäre internationale Symposien für Jungwissenschaftler) [Enrico] Fermi-[John] Pasta-[Stanislaw] Ulam (nichtlineares Schwingungssystem) Förderung von Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgemeinschaftsvorhaben Ost (BMBF)

Förderung und Unterstützung technologieorientierter Unternehmensgründungen (BMBF)

Freiherr-vom-Stein- [und zugleich] Friedrich-von-Schiller-Stiftung (Hamburg) Georg-Agricola-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik e.V.

Galaktisches Ultraweitwinkel Schmidt System (Spacelab, Kugelspiegelkamera) Grating-assisted codirectional Coupler with rear Sampled Reflector (tunable laser)

Germanium Detectors in Liquid Nitrogen in an Underground Set Up (Neutrinodetektor) Gene MicroArray Pathway Profiler (Computerprogramm für genetische Analyse)

Gesellschaft sozialwissenschaftliche Infrastruktureinrichtungen (Mannheim)

Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung (Bonn/Darmstadt/Berlin/St. Augustin/Birlinghofen) Global (or: General) Packet Radio Service (or: System) (Telekommunikation)

Gesellschaft für die wissenschaftliche Untersuchung von Parawissenschaften

Haptisches Sensor-Aktor-System auf der Grundlage der Echtzeitelastographie High Energy Stereoscopic System (Gamma-Strahlen-Teleskop-Array, Namibia)

High-Resolution in situ Holographic Recording and Analysis of Marine Organisms and Particles (EU-Projekt)

Heinrich-Pette-Institut für Experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie (Hamburg)

Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (der Bundesanstalt für Arbeit) International Association for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience

Interessengemeinschaft für Autofreie Kur- und Fremdenverkehrsorte in Bayern

Interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe Naturwissenschaft, Technik und Sicherheit (Darmstadt)

Institut für Atmosphärenphysik (Kühlungsborn, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform, inverse diskrete Fourier-Transformation

Institute of Electronics, Information, and Communication Engineers of Japan [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Experimentelles Software Engineering (Kaiserslautern)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Angewandte Materialforschung (Bremen) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Grenzflächen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik (Stuttgart)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für graphische Datenverarbeitung (Darmstadt, Außenstelle in Rostock)

Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau (Großbeeren und Kühnhausen bei Erfurt) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Keramische Technologien und Sinterwerkstoffe (Dresden)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Lebensmitteltechnologie und Verpackung (München, bis 31.12.97; danach: IVV) Integriertes Mess- und Informationssystem zur Überwachung der Umweltradioaktivität

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Mikroelektronische Schaltungen und Systeme (Dresden)

International Conference on Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure and Education (DoE-Programm, USA)

Integrated (or: Intermediate) Network Management (optische Telekommunikation)

Integration des Patentwesens in die ingenieurmäßige wissenschaftliche Hochschulausbildung

Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leur Sécurité (Frankreich) Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Frankreich)

International Association for the Promotion of Cooperation with Scientists from the New Independent States (Internationale Assoziation zur Förderung der Zusammenarbeit mit Wissenschaftlern aus der [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionstechnik und Automatisierung (Stuttgart)

Impact, Population, level of Affluence, Technology (Gleichung zur Beschreibung

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Produktionsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik (Berlin)

Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, USA)

In-Plane Switching (LCD mit beiden Pixelelektroden auf einer Seite, aufgeklappter Kondensator) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Integrierte Publikations- und Informationssysteme (Darmstadt)

Institute for Radio Astronomy at Millimeter Wavelengths (Grenoble, Frankreich)

[Institute for] Interdisciplinary Research and Development in Artificial Intelligence (Esprit, Brüssel) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Systemtechnik und Innovationsforschung (Karlsruhe) Industrial Scientific Medicine (433 MHz-Frequenzband) und Bluetooth: 2,45 GHz-Band (lizenzfrei) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung (Hannover). (Ab 2003: ITEM)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Toxikologie und Aerosolforschung (Hannover). (Bis 2002: ITA)

Information Technologies Security Evaluation Criteria (Telekommunikation)

[Fraunhofer-]Institut für Techno- und Wirtschaftsmathematik (Kaiserslautern)

Inter-Union Commission on the Allocation of Frequencies for Radio and Space Sciences

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie (Schmallenberg) Information und Kommunikation (eine Initiative der wissenschaftlichen Fachgesellschaften)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Verfahrenstechnik und Verpackung (München, ab 1.1.98, vorher: ILV)

Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (Univ. Heidelberg)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Umformtechnik (Chemnitz) [Fraunhofer-] Institut für Zuverlässigkeit und Mikrointegration (Berlin und München)

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Tokai, Japan) Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (Zusammenschluss von Meeresforschungsinstituten)

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Naka, Japan)

Koordinierungs- und Aufbauinitiative e.V. [für die Forschung in Berlin und den neuen Bundesländern] Koordinierungs- und Abwicklungsstelle für die Akademie der Wissenschaften Karlsruhe Shower Core and Array Detector (für kosmische Strahlung, seit 1996) Körpermasse-Index (= BMI = M/L2, M: Körpermasse, L: Körperlänge) (Optimum: 20 ... 25 kg/m2) Ständige Konferenz der Kultusminister der Länder in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Konfliktsimulationsmodell (Institut für Politische Wissenschaft, Heidelberg) Koordinierungsstelle (EG) der Wissenschaftsorganisationen (der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) (Bonn) (EU)

Korean Superconductivity Tokamak Advanced Research (Fusionsreaktorprojekt)

Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (= ICDP)

Lightweight Extensible Agent Platform (Agenten-Plattform für Mobiltelefone) Lithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformtechnik [Röntgentiefenlithographie mit

Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (Livingston, LA, USA,

Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (Gravitationswellendetektor aus 3 Satelliten, geplant für 2011)

Laboratoire Utilisation des Lasers Intense (Laboratory for the Use of High Power Laser) (France)

Laboratoire pour l'Utilisation du Rayonnement Electromagnétique (Ile de France) Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov Telescope (La Palma, Kanarische Inseln)

Mathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator, and Computer (Los Alamos, NM, USA, ca. 1950)

Miniaturisierung, Automatisierung und Parallelisierung (Chemie-Forschung)

Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie (Berlin-Adlershof)

Man Models for Simulation of Electromagnetic, Elastomechanic and Thermic Behaviour of Man

Microsystems and Engineering Science Application (Albuquerque, NM, USA: geplant für 2004) [IASTED International Conference on] Modelling, Identification and Control

(gesprochen: "mix") Media Object Interlock and Synthesis (Video description language)

Deutscher Verein zur Förderung des mathematischen und naturwissenschaftlichen Unterrichts

Modulation-Doped Field Effect Transistor, Modulations-dotierter Feldeffekt-Transistor

Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (Satelliten-Erd-Fernerkundung)

Metalloxid-Silicium-Feldeffekt-Transistor Metal Oxide Field-Effect Transistor Semiconductor

Multi-Function Transport Satellite-Based Augmentation System (Satellitennavigation, Japan)

Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Subband Integrated Coding and Multiplexing (Digitalrundfunk)

Next Generation Space Telescope (Nachfolger des Hubble-Teleskops, geplant)

National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (Tallahassee, FL; Los Alamos, NM)

Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Bethesda, MD, USA)

National Ignition Facility (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, USA) Nickel-Titanium [intermetallic compound developed by the] Naval Ordnance Laboratory (1963)

Niedersächsisches Landesamt für Bodenforschung - Geowissenschaftliche Gemeinschaftsaufgaben (Hannover) National New Technology Telescope (USA, war geplant, ist aber nicht realisiert)

Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (Lowell Observatory, Anderson Mesa, near Flagstaff, AZ, USA) National Storage Industry Consortium, Inc. (Hersteller von Datenspeichern, USA) Naval Surface Warfare [früher: Weapons] Center (Silver Spring, MD, USA)

National Telecommunications and Information Administration (Telekommunikation)

Optical (or: Orthogonal) Frequency Division Multiplexing (Telekommunikation) OptinexTM (or: Optical) Multi-Service Gateway (optische Telekommunikation) OptinexTM (or: Optical) Multi-Service Node (optische Telekommunikation) Organization of Petrol Exporting Countries, Organisation Erdöl exportierender Staaten

Optimal Regulator Algorithms for the Control of Linear Systems (CAD-System, NASA 1980)

Oak Ridge Tokamak (Fusionsreaktortechnik, Oak Ridge National Laboratory) Open Systems (or: Service) Development (or: Delivery) Environment (Telekommunikation) Pädagogische Arbeitsstelle des deutschen Volkshochschulverbandes (Frankfurt/M)

Personal (or: Portable) Digital Cellular (or: Communication) (Telekommunikation)

Packet Data Compression (or: Convergence) Protocol (Telekommunikation) Photo-Emission Electron Microscope, Photoemissions-Elektronenmikroskop

Performance Evaluation of Parallel Systems (Europäisches Forschungsprojekt)

Programm zur finanziellen Absicherung von Unternehmensgründern aus Hochschulen Projet d'Ionisation et d'Accélération de Faisceaux Exotiques (Grenoble, Frankreich)

Protocol Implementation (or: Instance) Conformance Statement (Telekommunikation)

Proportional, Integral, Derivative (Control), Proportional-Integral-Differential (Regler)

[Photodiode aus 3 Schichten: 'p'-type, 'i'ntrinsic, 'n'-type semiconductor], Positive-Intrinsic-Negative

Protocol Information Extra Implementation for Testing (Telekommunikation)

Platform for Open, Light, Legible and Efficient Network Services (Telekommunikation) Programme for a European Traffic with Highest Efficiency and Unprecedented Safety

Quantum Nondemolition Measurement (rückwirkungsfreie Quantenmessung) Research and Development in Advanced Communication Technologies in Europe [or: Research (Programme) on (or: into) Advanced Communication(s) in Europe]

Research and Public Information and Dissemination (USA, Programm zu EMF-Schäden) Retirees Enhancing Science Education through Experiment and Demonstration (USA) Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Forschungsinstitut für Vor- und Frühgeschichte (Mainz)

Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (Oberflächenanalyse, Elektronenoptik) Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, USA)

Radio and Plasma Wave Science (Instrument an Bord des Saturn-Satelliten Cassini)

[Ronald] Rivest, [Adi] Shamir, [Leonard A.] Adleman (asymmetrischer Kryptoalgorithmus, 1977)

Rich Text Format (Dateinamenerweiterung: Textdatei im Rich-Text-Format)

Wissenschaftliches Begleitprogramm zur Sanierung der Atmosphäre über den neuen Bundesländern

Satellite and Aircraft Data Base Project for System Integrity Research (Satellitennavigation) Sound and Vibration Organisation Information Resources (assocation formed in 1990 with support from the EG COMETT programme, located at ISVR, Southampton)

[Fraunhofer-] Institut für Algorithmen und Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (St. Augustin)

Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (ENVISAT)

[International Conference on] Structural Dynamics, Vibration, Noise and Control Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (?), selektive Östrogen Rezeptor-Modulatoren

Synchrotron Light for Experimental Science and Application in the Middle East (Jordanien)

Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (mit MSG, geplant für 2000) Single Pair High Speed (or: Symmetric High Density) Digital Subscriber Line (Telekommunikation) Schweizer Institut für Nuklearforschung (Paul Scherrer-Institut, Villingen, Schweiz)

[Schweizer Neutronenspallationsquelle] (Paul Scherrer-Institut, Villingen, Schweiz) Superconductor Magnetic Energy Storage, supraleitender magnetischer Energiespeicher Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (Rollverkehrsführungssystem)

Study of Noise and Aerodynamics of Advanced Propellers (EU-Forschungsprojekt)

Société Nationale d'étude et de construction de moteurs d'aviation (Paris, Frankreich) Solid Oxide Fuel Cell; Solid Electrolyte Oxygen Fuel Cell (Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle)

Spectroscopy Using Optical Fibres in the Marine Environment (EU-Projekt) System Performance Evaluation Cooperative (Computer-Prozessor-Leistungsfähigkeits-Test)

Structure porteuse pour lancement doubles Ariane (Ariane-Transportsystem)

Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (jetzt: International Society of Optical Engineering) (USA)

Standard (or: Structural, or: Structured) Query Language (Telekommunikation) Superconducting Super Collider (Texas, USA, geplant, aber 1993 aufgegeben) Science, Technology and Research Transit Point (Datennetz der NSF, Chicago, IL, USA)

Technologie-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft (Tochter der Deutschen Ausgleichsbank) Transmissionselektronenmikroskop(ie), Transmission Electron Microscope (or: Microscopy)

Acronym aus Tb (Terbium), Dy (Dysprosium), Fe und NOL (Naval Ordnance

TeV-Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator (bei DESY, Hamburg, geplant)

Transmission and Multiplexing Configuration Control (Telekommunikation)

[Nederlandse organisatie voor] Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek

Tankfahrzeug mit optimierten passiven und aktiven Sicherheitseinrichtungen Technologieorientierte Unternehmensgründungen (Modellversuch, neue Bundesländer)

Technologien aus der Raumfahrt für Anwendungen in Nicht-Raumfahrtsparten Telephone Services Application Programmming Interface (Telekommunikation) European Confederation of Trade Unions (Technical Bord) [Europäischer Gewerkschaftsbund [Fraunhofer-Institut für] Umwelt-, Sicherheits- und Energietechnik (Oberhausen) United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro, Juni 1992)

Unidirectional Path Switching (or: Switched) Ring (optische Kommunikation) United States Army Research, Development and Standardization Group - United Kingdom Verzeichnis der Einzel-Unfallverhütungsvorschriften der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften

Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting [Semiconductor] Laser, Vertikalresonator-Laserdiode Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (Tucson, TX, USA, geplant für 2005) Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-Wide Index to Computerized Archives (Rechnernetz, Gopher)

Vector Sourcebook Excited Linear Predictive Coding (Sprachkompressionssystem)

Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus (Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finnland) Wireless Application Protocol (scherzhaft auch: Wait and Pay) (Telekommunikation)

Wissenschaftlicher Beirat der Bundesregierung Globale Umweltveränderungen Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut (Fraunhofer-Institut für Holzforschung, Braunschweig)

[Allunionsgesellschaft für kulturelle Verbindungen mit dem Ausland] (russisch)

Bayern Bayerisches Zentrum für Angewandte Energieforschung (Würzburg)

(oder: Zentrum für Agrarlandschafts- und Nutzungsforschung) (Müncheberg)

Zentrum für Angewandte Raumfahrttechnologie und Mikrogravitation (,,Fallturm'', Universität Bremen)

[Centre for the Evaluation of Alternative Methods to Animal Experiments] (DE)

Zentralinstitut für Festkörperphysik und Werkstoffforschung (Akademie der Wissenschaften, DDR) Zentren für Kommunikation und Informationsverarbeitung in Lehre und Forschung e.V.

Retime, Reshape and Regenerate (or: Reshaping, Retiming, Reamplification) (optische Datenübertragung)

SV El Salvador (country top level domain) SV Schülervertretung SV Sacra Virgra (Latin: Consecrated Virgin; religious inscription) SV Sacral Vertebrae SV Safety Valve SV Sahel Vert (Burkina Faso) SV Sailing Vessel SV Salva Trucha (Guatemala gang) SV Sampling Visit SV Sapper Vehicle SV Satellite Vehicle SV Saudi Arabian Airlines SV Save (baseball relief pitcher statistic) SV Savona, Liguria (Italian province) SV Scalar Value (programming) SV Schedule Variance SV Schülervertretung SV Science Verification (Hubble Telescope) SV Scout Vehicle SV Se Vende (Spanish) SV Secure Voice SV Security Version (Microsoft Windows XP Service Pack 2) SV Seed Vector SV Service Vendor (Bellcore) SV Service View SV Shipment Visibility SV Siemens VDODO) Automotive Ag (aka SV SV Sierra Vista SV Sievert (radiation dose unit of measure) SV Significant Violator SV Silicon Valley SV Simi Valley (California) SV Simian Virus SV Sims Vacation (game) SV Singular Vector SV Sisters of Life (Sorores Vitae) (religious order) SV Site Visit SV Skanes Väl (Scania's Welfare) SV Sluice Valve SV Smallville SV Software Visualization SV Solenoid Valve SV Sonoma Valley (California) SV Sosialistisk Venstreparti (Norwegian political party) SV Sound Velocity SV South Vietnam SV Space Vehicle SV Speech Voltmeter SV Speed Value SV Spiritus Vini (Latin: alcoholic Spirit) SV Sport Veloce (Lamborghini model) SV Staff Vacancy (on overtime forms) SV Star Vipers (gaming club) SV Starting Vector SV State Vector (physics) SV Steam Valve SV Steve Vai (musician) SV Stochastic Volatility SV Stop Valve SV Stroke Volume SV Student Venture SV Studieförbundet Vuxenskolan (Sweden) SV Sub Verbo (Latin: Under the Word, Under the Heading of) SV Suceava County (Romania) SV Sudden Victory (wrestling) SV Süddeutscher Verlag (German publisher) SV Suggested Viewing SV Summer Vacation SV Sun Valley High School (Aston, Pennsylvania) SV Super Value SV Super Villain SV Support Vector (learning algorithms) SV Surface Vehicle SV Survivability/Vulnerability SV Survival SV Survival Vest SV Sweet Vermouth (alcoholic beverage) SV Systems View SVC Service/Serviced/Servicing SVC Switched Virtual Circuit SVC Safety Verification Condition(s) SVC Saginaw Valley College (Michigan) SVC Saint Vincent's College (Philippines) SVC Salvadorian Colón (ISO currency code) SVC SAN Volume Controller (IBM) SVC Satellite Vulnerability Report SVC Scalable Video Coding SVC School of Visual Concepts (Seattle, WA) SVC Scientific Visualization Center (US Environmental Protection Agency) SVC Section Vice-Chief (Order of the Arrow, Boy Scouts of America) SVC Secure Voice Communication(s) SVC Selective Vertical Conveyor SVC Seniors Versus Crime (Florida) SVC Sensorless Vector Control SVC Service (logging abbreviation) SVC Service Command SVC Service Message SVC Shaped Virtual Clock SVC Shell Vacations Club SVC Siemens Venture Capital SVC Silicon Valley Campus (Microsoft) SVC Silicon Valley Communications, Inc (Santa Clara, CA) SVC Sine Vibration Control SVC Single Variable Control SVC Single Voice Coil SVC Skagit Valley College (Mt Vernon, Washington) SVC Slow Vital Capacity (lung function test) SVC Smallwood Village Council (Waldorf, Maryland) SVC Smart Virtual Circuit SVC SNK Vs Capcom Chaos (video game) SVC Sociedad Venezolana de Cardiología (Venezuelan Society of Cardiology) SVC Society of Vacuum Coaters SVC Soft Value Calculation SVC Soft Virtual Circuit SVC Softbank Venture Capital (Japan) SVC Southern Vermont College (Bennington, Vermont) SVC Space Vehicle Code SVC Special Verification Commission SVC Spring Viremia of Carp (viral disease) SVC Sprint Video Conferencing SVC St. Vincent College (Pennsylvania) SVC Standing Veterinary Committee (UN-FAO) SVC Static Var Compensator SVC Stored Value Card SVC Superior Vena Cava SVC Supervisor Vehicle Class SVC Supervisor(y) Call SVC Switch Valued Circuit SVC Switched Virtual Call SVC Switched Virtual Channel SVC Switched Virtual Connection SVC Saab Variable Compression SVC Self Validating Code SVC Service Call SVC Simple Visual Compiler SVC Supervisor Call SVC Symantec Visual Cafe