International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue-6S3, April 2019 Design and Fabrication of Airborne Wind Turbine Using Analytical & Fea Technique Apurva Potdar, Mohammed Ahmedullah Khan, Mohamed Khalid, Mohammed Rifhan, Sandeep Joshi, Sampath S S, Veerakumar M, Chitrai Pon Selvan ABSTRACT: Wind is the amplest source of energy after Solar. turbine and generator assembly into the atmosphere. The Considering the rise in demand for alternatives to conventional kite designs have the generator on the ground and rotational generation of electricity using fuel, wind energy is an attractive power is generated due to the tensile force acting on the sustainable solution. This project focuses on the design and tethers, this design beneficial as the generator weight does fabrication of an airborne wind turbine, which is a new generation of wind turbine systems that consists of a turbine not have to be lifted for power generation. Figure 1 shows elevated at high altitude using helium balloon tied with tethers to the amount of power generated using wind energy in various restrict movement. The current work focuses to overcome the regions. Maximum amount of 32000 MW is produced in limitations of ground-based windmills by reducing production 2015 in Asia. costs, location constraints and altitude limit. The prototype built is modelled using CREO software and it is simulated using ANSYS Work Bench to enhance the structural stability and obtaining design parameters. The system has a maximum capacity to generate up to 700 W, which is enough to supply half a high electricity consumption household. KEYWORD: Airborne, sustainability, helium, tethers, FEA. INTRODUCTION: The technology of wind energy is in existence and in use since centuries. Sailors have used the principle of aerodynamic lift since an early time [1]. Around 200 BC, Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) were found at the Persian-Afghan border followed by the discovery of horizontal axis turbines in the Mediterranean and Fig.1 Annual Installed Capacity by Region [3]. Netherlands around 1300 to 1875 AD [2]. A notable leap in the wind energy development was when the US government Ground based systems have limitations such as instability took interest in the research and development of this field, of wind and high cost of installation. The airborne wind after the oil crisis of 1973 [2]. In an attempt to generate eco- systems provide advantage over conventional wind turbines friendlier and sustainable electricity, unlike the conventional such that they can reach higher controllable altitudes and method of using fossil fuels, there has been a serious amount wind at such high altitudes is more stable and has potential of consideration and interest shown on the wind energy to generate more power. Also, airborne wind turbine development in the last thirty years [2]. Looking at the latest systems have lower cost of installation [4]. The speed of global wind statistics, the wind energy has developed at a wind plays an important role in the amount of power steady rate in the last 8 years, especially in Asia and Europe generated. At about height of 10 meters the wind speed [3]. The concept of “Airborne” wind energy systems has obtained is 6 m/s. The higher we go more speed is achieved come up in the last few years. These systems mainly consist due to less obstruction and there is less turbulence. Due to of extraction of wind energy without a stationary tower to availability of artificial fibres like Nylon, Rayon, Dacron support the system. A major classification among these are which are 30 to 100 times stronger than steel and have the helium filled buoyant systems and the kite design densities 2-5 times less, it is possible to tether this system to systems. The former uses a helium filled balloon to lift the the ground [4]. The scope of this work is limited to the design and fabrication of a wind turbine using two Revised Manuscript Received on April 12, 2019. generators of 350 W which can be lifted by a helium Apurva Potdar, Undergraduate Students of Mechanical Engineering, balloon. It is sufficient to supply half the power required to Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai. Mohammed Ahmedullah Khan, Undergraduate Students of run a household. Taking into consideration of the fact that Mechanical Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai. helium is expensive, the project has been constrained to Mohamed Khalid, Undergraduate Students of Mechanical work within the weight limit of 8 kg. The maximum altitude Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai. Mohammed Rifhan, Undergraduate Students of Mechanical that this system is to be studied under is within a limit of 10 Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai. to 15 m above ground, taking into consideration that, to Sandeep Joshi, Undergraduate Students of Mechanical Engineering, access higher altitude wind, a stable system is required. Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai. Sampath S S, Assistant Professors of Mechanical Engineering, Regardless of the height limit of this project, literature and Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai Veerakumar M, Assistant Professors of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Dubai Chitrai Pon Selvan, Head of School, School of Science and Engineering, Curtin University Dubai, UAE Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering Retrieval Number: F11500486S319/19©BEIESP 754 & Sciences Publication Design and Fabrication of Airborne Wind Turbine using Analytical & Fea Technique related material has been studied. The current methods of it gets really extreme. Bas Lansdorp and Prof. Dr. W.J. J generating power using wind energy have a high investment Ockels [9] proposed the wing concept which is used to lift and are inefficient. The motivation behind this project is to the body and it is attached by the tether that is used to drive eliminate the problems of a traditional wind turbine and the generator. The authors explained several concepts that make an airborne wind turbine that is relatively inexpensive benefit the high-altitude wind energy. First concept was the and can generate more or equivalent amount of power ladder mill which makes use of endless tethers with wings without using up much space like a wind turbine farm that attached on it. Second concept was the pump mill that uses needs a large area to be functional. Moving forward our single tether with a number of wings distributed evenly over fossil fuel resources will be extinguished and there will be a it. When the authors compared both the concept, it was need for a new sustainable and renewable method of power found that ladder mill has better weather mobility than generation. In UAE the main source of renewable energy is pumping mill but on ground station pumping mill is simpler solar energy. The aim of this project is to support the design than the ladder mill. Finally based on numerical comparison, and fabrication of an airborne wind turbine so that solar and amount of material required for ladder mill is doubled than wind energy together can completely replace traditional the pumping mill. means of power generation. Alexander Bolonkin [11] proposed the ground-based wind energy extraction system which talks about the RELATED STUDY: limitations of current design such as wind stability, high cost Moritz Diehl [5] is mainly focused on basic concepts on of installation and small output of a single unit. The author airborne wind turbine. It introduces the main basic describes how the wind is clean and unlimited source of fundamental ideas on different types of airborne wind energy and how it is utilized for renewable vitality for many turbine systems like the idea of crosswind kite power- i.e. decades. This paper concludes by explaining the problems when tethered wings fly fast in the crosswind direction then, of launching, starting, guidance and control, stability of the theoretically very high-power densities is obtained of around device at high altitudes. Lorenzo Fagiano and Trevor 40 kW/m2 of total area of the wing. The work talks about Marks [10] talk about basic airborne wind turbine energy different ways to generate power that are classified in this that aims to produce wind vitality at high altitudes by paper according to Moritz Diehl -like On Board Generation, providing wing linked to the ground by using tethers. This i.e the apparent wind at the wing is driven by a small paper aims to fill partially the details of the complete design airborne wind turbine. The paper also discusses about the of small prototype by studying airborne wind turbine, Ground based generation on how fast moving tethered including power supply mechanics, actuators, low level wings do not use high volts of electrical transmission, via control system, wings and lines, sensors and human- tethers the strong tether tension is directly unrolling from a machine interface. The authors focused on the main design drum and it drives an electric generator and, in this way, of small prototype which allows system to perform number both the drum and generator are placed on the ground. of test aspects, including aerodynamic and wind design, line Airborne wind energy for vehicle propulsion is also and wing fatigue. They concluded that the basic maneuvers classified in the paper and that how strong tethered tension can be used to operate the prototype and it can be is used directly to drive a vehicle on the ground. This paper consistently. A. Fazlizan et al. [7] talks about an innovative also describes about the fundamental physical limits of device called the ODGV (Omni-directional-guide-vane) airborne wind energy, cosine losses due to gravity and the which is placed around a VAWT. Its design was made to power limit of airborne wind energy. The paper concludes increase the performance in terms of its power output, by comparing all the types of power generation and its rotational speed and self-starting behaviour as well as to limitations.