Contagious Jihad: Turmoil in Central Asia
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2Nd Term Worksheet [2018 – 19] Subject – History & Civics Class – VII Name : Sec
1 his & civ (vii) 2nd Term Worksheet [2018 – 19] Subject – History & Civics Class – VII Name : Sec. : [History] Chapter – 6 [The Delhi Sultanate: The Tughluqs, the Sayyids and the Lodis] Stop to Answer: [57] 1. What tax did Firoz Shah impose on the Hindu? Ans. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why did he do so? Ans. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Glossary: [60] Ibn Battuta: __________________________________________________________________________________ Zia-ud-din Barani: ___________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Tarikh-i-firoz Shahi: ___________________________________________________________________________ En masse: __________________________________________________________________________________ Token currency: ___________________________________________________________________________ Ulemas: __________________________________________________________________________________ -
Europe Report, Nr. 153: Pan-Albanianism
PAN-ALBANIANISM: HOW BIG A THREAT TO BALKAN STABILITY? 25 February 2004 Europe Report N°153 Tirana/Brussels TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 A. THE BURDENS OF HISTORY...................................................................................................2 B. AFTER THE FALL: CHAOS AND NEW ASPIRATIONS................................................................4 II. THE RISE AND FALL OF THE ANA......................................................................... 7 III. ALBANIA: THE VIEW FROM TIRANA.................................................................. 11 IV. KOSOVO: INTERNAL DIVISIONS ......................................................................... 14 V. MACEDONIA: SHOULD WE STAY OR SHOULD WE GO? ............................... 17 VI. MONTENEGRO, SOUTHERN SERBIA AND GREECE....................................... 20 A. ALL QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT?................................................................................20 B. THE PRESEVO VALLEY IN SOUTHERN SERBIA....................................................................22 C. THE GREEK QUESTION........................................................................................................24 VII. EMIGRES, IDENTITY AND THE POWER OF DEMOGRAPHICS ................... 25 A. THE DIASPORA: POLITICS AND CRIME.................................................................................25 -
“TELLING the STORY” Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: a Regional Perspective (2011-2016)
“TELLING THE STORY” Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Regional Perspective (2011-2016) Emma Hooper (ed.) This monograph has been produced with the financial assistance of the Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the position of the Ministry. © 2016 CIDOB This monograph has been produced with the financial assistance of the Norway Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the position of the Ministry. CIDOB edicions Elisabets, 12 08001 Barcelona Tel.: 933 026 495 www.cidob.org [email protected] D.L.: B 17561 - 2016 Barcelona, September 2016 CONTENTS CONTRIBUTOR BIOGRAPHIES 5 FOREWORD 11 Tine Mørch Smith INTRODUCTION 13 Emma Hooper CHAPTER ONE: MAPPING THE SOURCES OF TENSION WITH REGIONAL DIMENSIONS 17 Sources of Tension in Afghanistan & Pakistan: A Regional Perspective .......... 19 Zahid Hussain Mapping the Sources of Tension and the Interests of Regional Powers in Afghanistan and Pakistan ............................................................................................. 35 Emma Hooper & Juan Garrigues CHAPTER TWO: KEY PHENOMENA: THE TALIBAN, REFUGEES , & THE BRAIN DRAIN, GOVERNANCE 57 THE TALIBAN Preamble: Third Party Roles and Insurgencies in South Asia ............................... 61 Moeed Yusuf The Pakistan Taliban Movement: An Appraisal ......................................................... 65 Michael Semple The Taliban Movement in Afghanistan ....................................................................... -
Volume 2, Issue 2
VysokáMetropolitan škola veřejné správy Universitya mezinárodních vztahů Prague v Praze VolumeVolume 2 / 1Issue / Issue 2 / November2 / November 2008 2007 CentralCentral European European Journal Journal of of International & Security Studies Volume 2 Issue 2 November 2008 Contents Editor’s Note . .5 Research Articles Miroslava Filipović / Cross-Cutting Issues in International Capital . 11 David Erkomaishvili / Collective Security and Unilateral Decisions – Security Prospects for the post-Soviet Space . 28 Liyan Hu and Ter-Shing Cheng / China’s Energy Security and Geo-Economic Interests in Central Asia 42 Scott Romaniuk / The Russian Minority in Post-Communist Politics: a Case Study of Ukraine, Moldova and Chechnya . 56 Šárka Matějková / Establishing the Norm of Humanitarian Intervention in International Relations . 76 Abubakar Siddique / Pakistan at 61: An Assessment of Challenges and Opportunities . 92 Mohammed T . Obidallah / Water and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict . 103 Comment & Analysis Patrycja Podrazik / Who Really Lost the Georgian War? . 119 Marie Homerova / Personal Experiences from the Years of ‘Late Normalization,’ 1980s .1 23 Book Reviews . .129–136 Notes on Contributors . 137 CEJISS Contact Information . .139 5 Editor’s Note: CE JISS InAs readying CEJISS thereleases content its of fourth Volume issue, 1 Issue international 2 of CEJISS, relations I was restsstruck uncom by the- growingfortably onsupport the brink this journal. The international has received atmosphere within many resembles scholarly a andmixture profes- of sionalpre-WWI quarters. over-confidence Building on among the success the great of thepowers rst (particularlyissue, CEJISS the has US, man- Rus- agedsia and to China)extend itsand readership post-WWI to global the universities economic and instability institutions . The ofresult a number of these of countriesdangerous both ingredients in the EU is uncertain,and internationally. -
Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China
Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers. -
Ÿþm I C R O S O F T W O R
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Knowledge Repository Open Network Indo - Afghan Relations since 9/11 Dissertation Submitted to the University of Kashmir in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of Degree of Master of Philosophy (M. Phil) In Political Science By Ashfaq Maqsood Ali Under the Supervision of Dr. Tabasum Firdous (Assistant Professor (Sr.) in Political Science) Centre of Central Asian Studies University of Kashmir Srinagar J&K- 190006 2013 CENTRE OF CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR, SRINAGAR Certificate Certified that the dissertation entitled “Indo - Afghan Relations since 9/11” submitted by Ashfaq Maqsood Ali, in partial fulfillment of M. Phil Degree in the Discipline of Political Science is an original piece of research work. This work has not been submitted fully or partially so far anywhere for the award of any degree. The scholar worked under my supervision on whole-time basis for the period required under statutes and has put in the required attendance in the Centre. Dr. Tabasum Firdous Supervisor Centre of Central Asian Studies Prof. Aijaz A. Bandey University of Kashmir Director Centre of Central Asian Studies University of Kashmir Declaration I solemnly declare that the dissertation entitled “Indo-Afghan Relations since 9/11” submitted by me in the discipline of Political Science under the supervision of Dr. Tabasum Firdous embodies my own contribution. This work which does not contain any piracy has not been submitted, so far anywhere -
Coins of Delhi Sultanate
Coins of Delhi Sultanate 5.1 Do you know Description Image Source Once the Delhi sultanate was firmly established in the 13th century, Indian coinage underwent a major change. The ancient pictorial tradition of coinage gave way to the so-called Islamic type of coins which were sans any pictorial motif. Islamic type of coins had inscription written in Arabic script on both the sides and furnished more information than their ancient counter parts. It offers Religious and Secular information The Khalji sultan Alauddin Muhammad Shah (1296-1316 CE), discarded the name of Abbasid Caliph from his coins and called himself Yamin- ul Khilafat (right hand of Caliph). The title was used for the first time by an Indian ruler. He also adopted the title of sikander-us-sani (Second Alexander). This indicates that he was well aware of the importance of Alexander, and wanted to be recognised as the second Alexander. Qutubuddin Mubarak (1316-1320 CE), the successor of Alauddin Khalji is known to have issued coins in gold, silver, billon and copper. He made a remarkable change in his coin inscription as he has not only discarded the name of Abbasid caliph but declared himself as caliph and called himself khalifullah (caliph of Allah) and Khalifah rabil alemin (caliph of the lord of the world). He also adopted the title of sikander uz zaman. Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325-1351 CE) introduced token currency in bronze. It weighed around 10 gm. and ruler has asked to accept this bronze tanka at the rate of silver tanka current in the market. -
The ISI's Psychological Operations
6/1/2018 The ISI’s Psychological Operations | Vivekananda International Foundation HOME ABOUT US AREAS OF STUDY EVENTS PUBLICATIONS TEAM MEDIA CAREER CONTACT US Language The ISI’s Psychological Operations 22 Aug, 2012 Dr Prem Mahadevan, Visiting Fellow, VIF View3400 Comments 0 The government has stated that recent distress migrations of northeastern Indians were triggered by electronic messages originat Investigators have found that the first hints of pogrom-style killings appeared on Pakistani internet forums, and rapidly spread to coordinated psyops offensive. The modus operandi was vaguely familiar: doctored images and vitriolic texts flooded telecommunications credibility before law enforcement agencies could react. The apparent purpose was to stir up public anger in an already polarized setti political mood for an outbreak of communal violence. During 1989, Pakistan had adopted similar methods when it broadcast televisi communist revolts in Eastern Europe and urged Kashmiri Muslims to likewise rise up against New Delhi. What intelligence agencies now need to assess is whether their Pakistani counterparts were merely out to embarrass India, or if the sca deeper purpose. It is possible that the Inter Services Intelligence, if it was involved, has no strategic end-game regarding present Bangladeshi immigrants and Bodo tribesmen. The agency’s covert operations cells might just be taking opportunistic advantage of the Provided Indian authorities maintain public order, the matter might rest there. However, past experience of ISI psyops suggests that desists from coordinating its propaganda offensives with paramilitary action. Its favourite tactic is to combine persistent low-visibil sporadic high-visibility attacks, conducted on a deniable basis using local assets or expendable mercenaries. -
The Geodynamics of the Pamir–Punjab Syntaxis V
ISSN 00168521, Geotectonics, 2013, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 31–51. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2013. Original Russian Text © V.S. Burtman, 2013, published in Geotektonika, 2013, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 36–58. The Geodynamics of the Pamir–Punjab Syntaxis V. S. Burtman Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevskii per. 7, Moscow, 119017 Russia email: [email protected] Received December 19, 2011 Abstract—The collision of Hindustan with Eurasia in the Oligocene–early Miocene resulted in the rear rangement of the convective system in the upper mantle of the Pamir–Karakoram margin of the Eurasian Plate with subduction of the Hindustan continental lithosphere beneath this margin. The Pamir–Punjab syn taxis was formed in the Miocene as a giant horizontal extrusion (protrusion). Extensive nappes developed in the southern and central Pamirs along with deformation of its outer zone. The Pamir–Punjab syntaxis con tinued to form in the Pliocene–Quaternary when the deformed Pamirs, which propagated northward, were being transformed into a giant allochthon. A fold–nappe system was formed in the outer zone of the Pamirs at the front of this allochthon. A geodynamic model of syntaxis formation is proposed here. DOI: 10.1134/S0016852113010020 INTRODUCTION Mujan, BandiTurkestan, Andarab, and Albruz– The tectonic processes that occur in the Pamir– Mormul faults (Fig. 1). Punjab syntaxis of the Alpine–Himalayan Foldbelt The Pamir arc is more compressed as compared and at the boundary of this syntaxis with the Tien Shan with the Hindu Kush–Karakoram arc. Disharmony of have attracted the attention of researchers for many these arcs arose in the western part of the syntaxis due years [2, 7–9, 13, 15, 28]. -
'Pashtunistan': the Challenge to Pakistan and Afghanistan
Area: Security & Defence - ARI 37/2008 Date: 2/4/2008 ‘Pashtunistan’: The Challenge to Pakistan and Afghanistan Selig S. Harrison * Theme: The increasing co-operation between Pashtun nationalist and Islamist forces against Punjabi domination could lead to the break-up of Pakistan and Afghanistan and the emergence of a new national entity: an ‘Islamic Pashtunistan’. Summary: The alarming growth of al-Qaeda and the Taliban in the Pashtun tribal region of north-western Pakistan and southern Afghanistan is usually attributed to the popularity of their messianic brand of Islam and to covert help from Pakistani intelligence agencies. But another, more ominous, reason also explains their success: their symbiotic relationship with a simmering Pashtun separatist movement that could lead to the unification of the estimated 41 million Pashtuns on both sides of the border, the break-up of Pakistan and Afghanistan, and the emergence of a new national entity, an ‘Islamic Pashtunistan’. This ARI examines the Pashtun claim for an independent territory, the historical and political roots of the Pashtun identity, the implications for the NATO- or Pakistani-led military operations in the area, the increasing co-operation between Pashtun nationalist and Islamist forces against Punjabi domination and the reasons why the Pashtunistan movement, long dormant, is slowly coming to life. Analysis: The alarming growth of al-Qaeda and the Taliban in the Pashtun tribal region of north-western Pakistan and southern Afghanistan is usually attributed to the popularity of their messianic brand of Islam and to covert help from Pakistani intelligence agencies. But another, more ominous reason also explains their success: their symbiotic relationship with a simmering Pashtun separatist movement that could lead to the unification of the estimated 41 million Pashtuns on both sides of the border, the break-up of Pakistan and Afghanistan, and the emergence of a new national entity, ‘Pashtunistan,’ under radical Islamist leadership. -
Islamic Gunpowder Empires : Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals / Douglas E
“Douglas Streusand has contributed a masterful comparative analysis and an up-to- S date reinterpretation of the significance of the early modern Islamic empires. This T book makes profound scholarly insights readily accessible to undergraduate stu- R dents and will be useful in world history surveys as well as more advanced courses.” —Hope Benne, Salem State College E U “Streusand creatively reexamines the military and political history and structures of the SAN Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires. He breaks down the process of transformation and makes their divergent outcomes comprehensible, not only to an audience of special- ists, but also to undergraduates and general readers. Appropriate for courses in world, early modern, or Middle Eastern history as well as the political sociology of empires.” D —Linda T. Darling, University of Arizona “Streusand is to be commended for navigating these hearty and substantial historiogra- phies to pull together an analytical textbook which will be both informative and thought provoking for the undergraduate university audience.” GUNPOWDER EMPIRES —Colin Mitchell, Dalhousie University Islamic Gunpowder Empires provides an illuminating history of Islamic civilization in the early modern world through a comparative examination of Islam’s three greatest empires: the Otto- IS mans (centered in what is now Turkey), the Safavids (in modern Iran), and the Mughals (ruling the Indian subcontinent). Author Douglas Streusand explains the origins of the three empires; compares the ideological, institutional, military, and economic contributors to their success; and L analyzes the causes of their rise, expansion, and ultimate transformation and decline. Streusand depicts the three empires as a part of an integrated international system extending from the At- lantic to the Straits of Malacca, emphasizing both the connections and the conflicts within that AMIC system. -
P10in:Layout 1
THURSDAY, AUGUST 3, 2017 INTERNATIONAL North Korea’s Kim a ‘maniac’: Philippines’ Duterte MANILA: North Korean leader Kim “He is playing with dangerous toys pen to us. We won’t be able to plant Wang Yi will also be in Manila for the tions last year, has come under fire Jong-Un is a “maniac” who could and this crazy man, do not be fooled anything productive.” Under Kim’s security forum, which is hosted by the from foreign leaders over his war on destroy Asia by triggering a nuclear by his face, that chubby face that leadership, Pyongyang has accelerated 10-member Association of Southeast drugs that has claimed thousands of war, Philippine President Rodrigo looks nice,” Duterte, 72, said of Kim in a its nuclear ambitions, in defiance of Asian Nations (ASEAN). The ministers lives and led to warnings by rights Duterte said yesterday, ahead of a nationally televised speech. international condemnation and multi- will express “grave concern” over groups that he may be overseeing a regional summit to be attended by the “That son-of-a-whore maniac, if he ple sets of United Nations sanctions. North Korea’s nuclear missile test, crime against humanity. He typically regime’s foreign minister. Using char- makes a mistake then the Far East will North Korea last week conducted according to a draft copy of the chair- flavors his speeches with crude lan- acteristically crude language, Duterte become an arid land. It must be its second intercontinental ballistic man’s statement obtained by AFP and guage and jokes deemed by many to teed off against Kim ahead of a stopped, this nuclear war, because (if) missile test, which led Kim to boast he scheduled to be released on Tuesday be offensive, including about rape.