United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,834,977 Kohama Et Al
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United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,834,977 Kohama et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 30, 1989 4,563,344 l/1986 Kotz et al. .......................... 424/40 54). POISON BAIT FOR CONTROL OF NOXIOUS INSECTS 4,696,822 9/1987 Matsumino .......................... 424/496 4,732,762 3/1988 Sjogren ............................... 424/409 75 Inventors: Takuji Kohama; Fumiyasu Minagawa; Goro Shinjo, all of Toyonaka; OTHER PUBLICATIONS Shigenori Tsuda, Kyoto; Kazuyuki 11th Revisions Commentary for Japanese Pharmaco Maeda, Nishinomiya, all of Japan peia C-1475 (1986). 73 Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Jap. J. Saint. Zool., 20 (4) 240 (1969). Limited, Osaka, Japan Japanese Patent Publication (unexamined) No. 21 Appl. No.: 164,200 144304/1983. Primary Examiner-Thurman K. Page 22 Filed: Mar. 4, 1988 Assistant Examiner-L. R. Horne 30 Foreign Application Priority Data Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Birch, Stewart, Kolasch & Birch Mar. 6, 1987 JP Japan .................................. 62-52498 57 ABSTRACT 5ll Int. Cl.".............................................. A61K 25/60 52 U.S. Cl. ....................................... 424/405; 424/84 A composition which includes (a) at least one insecti 58 Field of Search .................. 424/405, 409, 410, 84 cide selected from the group consisting of organic phos phorous insecticides, carbamate insecticides and pyre 56 References Cited throid insecticides in a microencapsulated form, (b) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS crystalline cellulose and (c) crop product powders, 4,007,258 2/1977 Cohen et al. ........................ 424/409 which is useful as a bait for control of noxious insects. 4,277,364 7/1981 Shaska et al. .... ... 424/487 4,344,857 8/1982 Shaska et al. ....................... 424/418 13 Claims, No Drawings 4,834,977 1. 2 ticides and pyrethroid insecticides. As the organic phos POSON BAT FOR CONTROL OF NOXIOUS phorus insecticides, there are exemplified calbinphos, INSECTS chlorpyriphos, chlorpyriphosmethyl, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, diazinon, dichlorvos, fenitrothion, fenthion, This invention pertains to a poison bait for control of malathion, naled, pirimiphosmethyl, prothiophos, noxious insects, particularly cockroaches. pyridaphenthion, salithion, tetrachlorvinphos, trichlor There have heretofore been commercially available fon, bromophos, propetamphos, etc. Examples of the some powdery poison baits for exterminating noxious carbamate insecticides are BPMC, carbaryl, CPMC, insects such as cockroaches. These conventional pow ethiofencarb, MPMC, MTMC, promecarb, swep, pro dery poison baits are however practically disadvanta 10 poxur, etc. Examples of the pyrethroid insecticides are geous and dangerous in causing many problems from cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, fempropath the standpoints of sanitary and daily use. For instance, rin, fenvalerate, kadethrin, permethrin, phenothrin, they adhere to the hands on handling, continue to con proparthrin, resmethrin, ethofenprox, cyfluthrin, alpha taminate the surroundings even after being situated in methrin, tralomethrin, fulcythrinate, etc. Their geomet desired places, or are erroneously consumed as food by 15 rical or optical isomers may be also used. The content of infants and house animals. the insecticide may vary within a wide range depending In order to solve the above problems, a poison bait in upon the individual insecticide as used, the species of a tablet form was put into the market, which comprises the insect to be treated, etc. Usually, it may be within a boric acid as the active ingredient. For assurance of the range of about 0.05 to 5.0% by weight to the total exterminating effect, however, these poison bait tablets 20 weight of the composition. contain boric acid in such a large amount as about 20 to For the use in this invention, the insecticide is micro 30% by weight. For this reason, they are still not safe encapsulated by a per se conventional procedure using for infants and house animals. In fact, it is reported that any film-forming material. The film-forming material even a nursery powder containing boric acid in an may be any one which can form a film having a strength amount of only 5% by weight accidentally produced 25 tolerable to the impact which may be applied thereto at the death of an infant (11th Japan Pharmacopoeia, C a later stage, i.e. the stage of shaping. Examples of the 1475 (1986)). In addition, the exterminating effect of film-forming material are formalin-urea resin, polysty boric acid against cockroaches is exerted quite belat rene, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, edly, and it takes usually one week or more after feeding polybutyl methacrylate, polyisobutylene, polybutadi until their death, during which they are attacked by 30 ene, gelatin, casein, albumin, fibrinogen, polyvinyl pyr diarrhea and produce soft excrements so that their habi rolidon, carrageenan, sodium alginate, agar, gum ara tats and surroundings are considerably stained thereby. bic, tragacanth gum, locust bean gum, guar gum, car There are also known some poison baits in tablets, boxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl sulfonate, cellulose which comprise as the active ingredient an insecticide derivatives, polyvinly derivatives, starch derivatives, chosen from organic phosphorus insecticides, carba 35 vinylpyridine-acrylic acid copolymer, silicic acid, mate insecticides, pyrethroid insecticides, etc. Since polyurea, polyurethane, polyamides, polyesters, poly those insecticides have a much higher insecticidal po carbonates, polysulfonates, polysulfonamides, epoxy tency than boric acid, their content in poison baits may resins, etc. be much smaller, so that the resulting poison baits are The component (b) is crystalline cellulose, of which a considerably safer. However, these insecticides each typical example is "Avicel(R)' (Asahi Chemical Indus have a characteristic odor, and a tablet preparation try Co., Ltd.). It may be normally used in an amount of comprising the same is likely to be refused by cockro about 20.0 to 60.0% by weight to the total weight of the aches. Thus, the feed attractant effect is deteriorated bait composition. significantly, naturally the exterminating effect is low As the component (C), there are used crop product ered. Further, organic phosphorous insecticides or car 45 powders such as potato starch, sweet potato starch, bamate insecticides can be readily hydrolyzed even corn starch, wheat flour, rice powder and corn powder. with the slightest amount of water to produce a certain Its amount is usually from about 11.3 to 79.0% by specific odor so that the feed attractant effect is likewise weight on the basis of the total weight of the bait com deteriorated and the exterminating effect is decreased. position. The hydrolysis results in a lowering of the content of 50 In addition to the essential components, the bait com the active ingredient itself, and the insecticidal effect is position of the invention may comprise a saccharide thus remarkably deteriorated. such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose, black sugar, As a result of an extensive study to overcome the brown sugar or soft brown sugar, usually in an amount drawbacks as seen in conventional poison baits for nox of about 1.0 to 40.0% by weight on the basis of the total ious insects including cockroaches, there is now pro 55 weight of the bait composition for enhancement of the vided a poison bait composition in a shaped form which feeding effect. comprises (a) at least one insecticide selected from the When desired, the bait composition may further com group consisting of organic phosphorus insecticides, prise an additive(s) and/or an auxiliary agent(s), partic carbamate insecticides and pyrethroid insecticides in a ularly an anti-oxidizing agent, a preservative, a mis-feed microencapsulated form and (b) crystalline cellulose inhibitor, a flavoring agent, a feed attractant, etc. Exam and (c) crop product powders as the essential compo ples of the anti-oxidizing agent are erythorbic acid, nents. In such composition, the essential components sodium erythorbate, dibutyl hydroxytoluene, dil-alpha (a), (b) and (c) may be contained respectively in tocophelol, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, methylhydrox amounts of about 0.05 to 5.0% by weight, about 20.0 to yanisole, propyl gallate, guaiac resin, L-cysteine hydro 60.0% by weight and about 11.3 to 79.0% by weight on 65 chloride, etc. Examples of the preservative are benzoic the total weight of the composition. acid, sodium benzoate, salicylic acid, diphenyl, sorbic The insecticide as the component (a) may be chosen acid, potassium sorbate, dehydroacetic acid, sodium from organic phosphorus insecticides, carbamate insec dehydroacetate, isobutyl p-oxybenzoate, isopropyl p 4,834,977 3 4 oxybenzoate, ethyl p-oxybenzoate, butyl p-oxybenzo ate, propyl p-oxybenzoate, calcium propionate, sodium EXAMPLES to 9 propionate, etc. As the mis-feed inhibitor, there may be Fenitrothion (0.5 part) microecapsulated with poly exemplified red pepper powders, Amaranth, Amaranth urethane, crystalline cellulose (30.0 parts) and dehy aluminium lake, Erythrosine, Erythrosine aluminium droacetic acid (0.1 part) were mixed together, and a lake, New Coccine, Phloxine, Rose Bengal, Acid Red, saccharide (as shown in Table 1) and potato starch (as Tartrazine, Tartrazine aluminium lake, Sunset Yellow shown in Table 1) were incorporated therein, followed FCF, Sunset Yellow FCF aluminium lake, Fast Green by mixing uniformly. The resultant mixture was tab FCF, Fast Green FCF aluminium lake, Brilliant Blue leted under a