Black Cultural Nationalism

Created by: Thomas Weissinger Professor Emeritus, University Library Professor Emeritus, African American Studies

Last updated: 2006

Alexander-Floyd, Nikol G. “‘We Shall Have Our Manhood’: ‘Black Macho’, Black Nationalism, and the Million Man March.” Meridians-Feminism, Race, Transnationalism 2003 3(2): 171-203.

“The All-Embracing Black Nationalist Theories of David Walker’s Appeal.” Black Scholar 29 (Winter 2000): 16-24.

Baraka, Amiri. Kawaida Studies: The New Nationalism. Chicago: Third World Press, 1972.

_____. Raise, Race, Rays, Raze: Essays Since 1965. New York: Random House, 1971.

Baskerville, John Douglas. “The Impact of Modern Black Nationalist Ideology and Cultural Revitalization on American Jazz.” Phd. Thesis, University of Iowa, 1997.

Bay, Mia. “The Historical Origins of Afrocentricism.” Amerikastudien 2000 45(4): 501-512.

Bennett, Lerone, Jr. Confrontation: Black and White. Chicago: Johnson Publishing Co., 1970.

Betts, Raymond F. The Ideology of Blackness. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath, 1971.

Brown, Scot D. “The US Organization: African-American Cultural Nationalism in the Era of Black Power, 1965 to the 1970s.” Phd. Thesis, Cornell University, 1999.

Dalsgard, Katrine. “The One All-Black Town Worth the Pain: (African) American Exceptionalism, Historical Narration, and the Critique of Nationhood in Toni Morrison’s Paradise.” African American Review 35 (Summer 2001): 233-248.

Dubey, Madhu. “Postmodernism as Postnationalism?: Racial Representation in U.S. Black Cultural Studies.” Black Scholar 33 (Spring 2003): 2-18.

Ducille, A. “Nationalism and Social Division in Black Arts Poetry of the 1960s.” In Napier, Winston, ed. African American Literary Theory: A Reader. New York: New York University Press, 2000.

Fitzgerald, Michael W. “We Have Found a Moses’: Treodore Bilbo, Black Nationalism, and the Greater Liberia Bill of 1939.” Journal of Southern History 63 (May 1997): 293-320.

Flowers, Sandra Hollin. “A Poetics of the Poetry, Drama, and Fiction Associated with Afro-American Cultural and Revolutionary Nationalism, 1963-72.” Phd. Thesis, Emory University, 1989.

Frazier, Robeson Taj P. “The Congress of African People: Baraka, Brother Mao, and the Year of ’74.” Souls 2006 8(3): 237-244.

Fuller, Hoyt W. “The New Black Literature: Protest or Affirmation.” In Gayle, Jr., Addison, ed. The Black Aesthetic. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971, pp. 346-369.

2 Funkhouser, Christopher. “Leroi Jones, Larry Neal, and ‘The Cricket’: Jazz and Poets’ Black Fire.” African American Review 37 (Summer-Autumn 2003): 237-244.

Gilroy, Paul. “Black Nationalism: The Sixties and the Nineties.” In Wallace, Michele and Gina Dent, eds. Black Popular Culture. New York: The New Press, 1998.

Harris, Jessica C. “Asahl-Lillie Newton Hornsby Essay Contest Winners, 1998-2001: Revolutionary Black Nationalism: The Black Panther Party.” Journal of Negro History 86 (Summer 2001): 409-421.

Haberly, David T. “The Literature of an Invisible Nation.” Journal of Black Studies 1976 7(2): 133-150.

Henderson, Errol A. “Black Nationalism and Rap Music.” Journal of Black Studies 1996 26(3): 308-339.

Iheduru, Obioma. “Social Values, Democracy, and the Problem of African American Identity.” Journal of Black Studies 37 (November 2006): 209-230.

Jalata, Asafa. “Revisiting the Black Struggle: Lessons for the 21st Century.” Journal of Black Studies 33 (September 2002): 86-116.

Jordan, Jennifer. “Cultural Nationalism in the 1960s: Politics and Poetry.” In Reed, Jr., Aldolph, ed. Race, Politics, and Culture: Critical Essays on the Radicalism of the 1960s. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1986, pp. 29-60.

Karenga, Ron. “Black Cultural Nationalism.” Negro Digest 1968 13(3): 5-9.

Karenga, Maulana. “Kawaida and Its Critics: A Sociohistorical Analysis.” Journal of Black Studies 1977 (8): 125-148.

_____. “Society, Culture, and the Problem of Self-Consciousness: A Kawaida Analysis.” In Harris, Leonard, ed. Philosophy Born of Struggle: Anthology of Afro-American Philosophy from 1917. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., 1983, pp. 212-228.

Kent, George. Blackness and the Adventure of Western Culture. Chicago: Third World Press, 1972.

Ladun, Anise. “Cultural Revolution and National Liberation.” Black Scholar 1975 6(7): 43-49.

Lowney, John. “Black Power to Black Box Office.” African American Review 34 (Spring 2000): 39-59.

Marable, Manning. “Black Fundamentalism: Farrakhan and Conservative Black Nationalism.” Race & Class 39 (April-June 1998): 1-22.

Mayo, Sandra Marie. “The Cultural Roots of the Drama of Ed Bullins.” Phd. Thesis, Syracuse University, 1987.

3 Meadwell, Hudson. “Cultural and Instrumental Approaches to Ethnic Nationalism.” Ethnic and Racial Studies. 12 (July 1989): 309.

Mkalimoto, Earnest. “Theoretical Remarks on Afro-American Cultural Nationalism.” Journal of Ethnic Studies 1974 2(2): 1-10.

Neal, Larry. “The Black Arts Movement.” In Bigsby, C.W.E., ed. The Black American Writer. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1971, vol. 2, pp. 187-202.

Okur, Nilgun Anadolu. “Asante’s Afrocentricity in the Context of African American Nationalism.” In Ziegler, Dhyana, ed. Molefi Kete Asante and Afrocentricity: In Praise and in Criticism. Nashville, TN: James C. Winston Pub., 1995.

Olivieira, Helan E. and D. France Olivieira. “African-American Cultural Nationalism.” In Hutchinson, Janis Faye, ed. Cultural Portrayals of African Americans: Creating an Ethnic/Racial Identity. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey, 1997.

Page, Philip. “‘Two Warring Ideals in One Dark Body’: Universalism and Nationalism in Gloria Naylor’s Bailey’s Cafe.” In Felton, Sharon and Michelle C. Loris, eds. The Critical Response to Gloria Naylor. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997.

Pleck, Elizabeth. “Kwanzaa: The Making of a Black Nationalist Tradition.” Journal of American Ethnic History 20 (Summer 2001): 3-28.

Price, Clement Alexander. “On Anchoring a Generation of Scholars: P. Sterling Stuckey and the Nationalist Persuasion in African-American History.” Journal of African American History 91 (Fall 2006): 385-388.

Redding, Saunders. “You’ve Taken My Song and Gone: Black Cultural Nationalism-Reality or Myth.” Melus (March 1975): 4.

Reed, H. “Morrison,Toni, ‘Song of Solomon’ and Black Cultural Nationalism.” Centennial Review 1988 32(1): 50-64.

Runcie, John. “The Black Culture Movement and the Black Community.” Journal of American Studies 1976 10(2): 185-214.

Shannon, Sandra G. “Evolution or Revolution in the Black Theater: A Look at the Cultural Nationalist Agenda in Select Plays by Amiri Baraka.” African American Review 37 (Summer-Autumn 2003): 281-298.

Stuckey, Sterling. Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory and the Foundations of Black America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

4 Thomas, Deborah A. “Politics Beyond Boundaries: A Review Essay of Current Works on Nationalism, Migration, and Cultural Production within the Black Atlantic World.” Identities 11 (April-June 2004): 256-283.

Tushnet, Mark. “Clarence Thomas’s Black Nationalism.” Howard Law Journal. 47 (Winter 2004): 323-339.

Warren, Nagueyalti. “Pan-African Cultural Movements: From Baraka to Karenga.” Journal of Negro History 1990 75(1-2): 16-28.

West, Cornel. “Learning to Think for Ourselves: Malcolm X’s Black Nationalism Reconsidered.” In Wood, Joe, ed. Malcolm X: In Our Own Image. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1992.

Wilson, W. J. “Revolutionary Nationalism versus Cultural Nationalism: Dimensions of Black Power Movement.” Sociological Focus 1970 3(3): 43-51.

5