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»> '' mi - . ■ nothing? It is rather a new method to white- I “ nuts for future historians TO CRACK.” * wash one’s “great-grandfather” by blacken-P % ing another man’s “grandfather.” Is it to ' Immense and '(Overwhelming in importance j make money ? Alas! Mr. Editor, for the to future historians as Mr. Smith’s work is, j sake’ of decency I regret to say it is. t we confess after cracking his nuts we found! The long delay in the publication, the the kernels to be wretchedly shrivelled-up i frequent announcements in the newspapers affairs. They are, most of them, what Mr. 1 of what teas to appear, as though held Toots would say, “ decidedly of no conse- | I in terror en% over parties known to be j quence.” After investigating his labors we 1 ■ sensitive on the subject, conclusively show <; have arrived at this conclusion, that the:| Cr' this to be the object. But if more be author, notwithstanding his literary anteee-! wanting, Mr. Smith’s own declarations to a 3 dents, is as miserably ignorant of the subject! number of persons will suffice. “That he he has attempted to handle as he is otherwise was willing to sell out the enterprise” to one unfit for the task he has imposed upon him- j whom he thought interested in suppressing : self. His spasmodic grief at the purloining ii it, and that too, when the only part of the j from public and private libraries of the jj M book printed was the title page, which was 1 “ Cadwalader pamphlet,” and their other- j handed about with a description of the) wise being spirited away, until he would J vignette that was to accompany it. This 1 have us believe they were as rare as the ’ vignette does not as yet appear in the book— j “Breeches Bible” or the second “ Decad of whether, from the gross libel it contained it t Livy,” has no foundation in fact. It would has been suppressed, or the same cause that be hard to find the merest tyro in history | delayed the publication of the book now who has not seen it, and we among our own 1 ;; keeps back the title page and vignette, Mr. friends know of at least a dozen who possess! Smith and the engraver can best answer. j copies of the pamphlet. As to the “second' Actuated by such a motive while totally edition” which Mr. Smith calls a literary ' ignorant of his subject, he has completely curiosity, we are almost tempted to suspect 5 bungled and spoiled it. The matter is well he has a lot on hand to dispose of at his book • worthy of proper investigation, and we should store in Sixth street. But let us be grateful 3 i' like to see the facts relating to it collected he has given us the “ Cadwalader pamphlet,’’ | together. This yet remains to be done, and and “ such an edition as cannot be bought up whoever next attempts it, we trust, will be or destroyed,” unless indeed it should suffer | prompted by motives more exalted than those the fate of many a better book, and be which it is right to presume here actuated “ Sent in quires to line a trunk.” Mr. Horace W. Smith. _ And this is all we have to thank him for. Tbe Title to llie State House Yard. As for the “ Yalley Forge” forgeries, they The following report was made to City are eutirely too insignificant to merit a mo¬ Councils in the year 1S13, in consequence of a desire on the part of those bodies to under¬ ment’s notice. When Mr. Smith shall have ; stand the condition of the State House established their authenticity it will be quite property, which it was proposed the City time enough for us to give them our atten¬ should buy. The Legislature having moved the capital to Harrisburg, the acquisition tion. of the State House, with the yard apurte- And now, Mr. Editor, what is the motive { nant, was considered a judicious thing. that prompts the publication of this work ? The title having been inquired into by Re¬ Is it for the use of future historians ? Why corder Reed, and his report having been made known, further negotiation took then does he not publish the “ Remarks of place, and finally the City purchased the Gen. Heed,” “ The Furgueson pamphlet,” old State House and the State House yard, the “ Trial of Arnold,” and other matter upon the trust and restriction that the 1 ground south of the buildings then standing that is really scarce ? Is it to defend his should never be built upon. The following “ great-grandfather” from the attack of Mr. report refers to certain plans of the property, Reed in his “life of his grandfather,” which which we cannot give in connection here- he says were ungentlemanly and amount to with, but which are not necessary for the latter not until two years after t^8’ and the understanding of the general reader. Mo-t the law, which recites thl’t^e tire passage of of the references are to Plan No. 3, which previously purchased ^t the wholc had been »lreferreded ,f°.to theretbereil^n is an Ia the Act of Assembly shows the position of the lots as originally declaration ‘ Uhat^a^a?Pth>JS8?'i pr?vlso and acquired. It is not necessary to specify raeaning thereof that no and he ^tate House, as it is now built. further here, except to say that the lots be converted into or madelZ^ U is now lnalt< Noa. 18 and 19-tor which the City appears to sort of buildings tZfeuvon tU°L have no title by absolute conveyance from r&main a P^tio oZ grheeenaaZ the original owners-ar® situated upon the mafketdeNo?tlif In^th^hpian^N’ a^other lot, TV alxmt street front, about the centre of th© chased bv Wiifinna ah No. 2, was par- ground, and are each 255 feet deep by 4% province, as the aS of„P„“ a! tor'»»;>«- ,the “se ?rdf pthe8i. February, 1762, recites* ^f?fthbly of the 17th of feet wide. The report of Recorder Reed is atattheperi the periodod^^hlflas^i^ of this last Lw®e ^P^u?l^i<>lt,?d which, as follows: chased, was the front had been pur- this lot on Walnut strL?n -r?esn?t street and In Select and Common Councils. June 2s! iris baildings erected thereon ^witVthl®’ wlt:tl ttle vyouiiciM,Counciir& iuatd ’nnon©b/ or toe mor© suitahifl of the two comer int»^wr, the exception bouses now stand «¥» Court- nmvk.iu' lhe PrcBUUmts of Councils,whose upon and vested in’ by„ this Act settled auty it shall be, with aii reasonable dispatch to proceed to Harrisburg, and from the de,S Legislat™of the MS* for t?e.nse «* the such other uses intents aad to and for any time should dbefft®withP*UhP°r 6n 88 they at Essssnsste dfeaSEiras i strictions and limitative t?e following re- \ always, neverthei^s and ’ JlZ-: ''Provided, on which the adjoining buildings stand lu\d dared to be X\„?“ }l ,IS hereby de- hereof, that no part oT^tlL and meaning lying to the southward of the \Td ground ssssss saris?H£ the walls as it is now built \Zr?,/l°use' wUhin erecting any sort of hi,.;7^1^be used for same shall be and Xmairf affni,h7^eon,7}ut that Jfhe . Thomas Bradford, Jr.', forever. > > This Act «i™ P bhc falk and Oreen Clerk of the Select Council. 1735~'36, Act also repeals the Act of virtue ®f the authority to us delegated hv made by theHe^iature^n'o aPProPriat[on was to purchase othfr lots to* h« Eob/®^tlle trustees , tees for the same purnoses I?,®,ted i1} the trU8’ S'po"wVSiT„ £88? .“sfcpfS's8 same uses for which «m l’t«^dwUbJect t0 the under him, to assist in the premises. P ’ appurtenances was hr tL i ? House and its Samuel W, Fishes, ruary, in the Z’e L?eAoto,f 17tt> of Feb- President or the Select Council, | clared, and to aadfor no ot^frlntedJand de' purpose whatsoever. tber nse. Intent or Phiiadel^isf/jtay excfptiorometwo18 and 19-in the planriC otfonNo 9 wlfnntTfVlnu^?tJ eet(Wlth-N theos. #F«K3ir0 TH35 CITY COUNCILS ON THE TIT! E OF THE CITY TO THE STATE HOUSE Y^Rm can be found) was coxm)?;tfidf “o deed

“ ~ —Wf w** wtitj Ot/feij. Ol J olv snanc© thereof I nrnneAd*»ri ne-Xi *'**f' a.Aiu Lii© ground on ’ ow,Uis, thS,?hate*ills a,lli ^^ ^{ ^p way materiai to the question as it tees, all such estate^righf 0tmLthaa. t}le trus- respects the interests of the city r„ "’as 11 of, in, to and out of thn and interest animation of the documents, itkppJarsth^ trust, as they or anv of vested in enjoyed in rase thM 1 r? have had or The Act of 17t,h of Feb^Sarv dl 7$* !leel1,l)a«8e(i- plSflisii pealed. oruary, 1762, was then re- !/veybaSrasPrUofLOrffl0dt1COple? of a11 «« con- sidered important and ^hlch I con- : a^'^.TSisau.rsssss, s lution of Couneite fm^thei^^fZed the Teso- are transmjR¥^herewi?^^information. They ments referred to th. me?,1 Proih the doou- S-rSMa^oVlS sembiy, the fol io wi n g and Act of As- William Allen and Andrew Hamilton Y^.nd m curred.arenowstated in thl0 oraerorder in which theyaad oc- naws°p °189ASfsbt1atedf dat®- ^ovlncS same ”by directions of thl® PraJc,b,as®d the Lw1rf!Hfl]btoCWiiliamAhen'* fVoli,5th> P-266- From the recital in thi«A^ it^eglslatars- ’’ «T v* "• UJuC 1 ren^ct^oVe^tk8 f before this time the State HoiMaPandrSnt>Jat fo- 3, Plan No. Ridings h®d been erected. O u £ ioonalotj— ■ ■ noted by the letters E. and F. in the min wf" Plan No. 2; *.

tot ?rS0ffib wamilmBT)»^an 5s, on » No. 2; £3 on a lot granted a ■ P|an themrm^ns0?'vey®d to the trustees until marked D., Plan No 2 6d to Miellaei Morris, i ,yV. r «hd for the other, marked with

cohveSe1^ ton-forlur theice lot No. 4. d-— t0 Andre tuoryw Hamll-jaainu- lots-Nos 196andTio ^Cirals0 contains two other former not conveyed to iSaa-Ma..^ r,

r& . i Dent and me lot ino. t>, suDject to a rent-charge ■ rots ini anc _»were _ not conveyed___ jf £4 2*. Gd., being one of the rent-charges con¬ i until after the passing of the law. and therefore yeyed by Hill to Allen (ante). could not he included within its provisions, Minutes of the Legislature, Vol. 3. p. 180, 11th unless purchased or agreed for before. No con¬ Aog., 1732.—“Kesolved, That Andrew Hamil¬ veyances were made during the lifetime of ton and others pay to William Allen the pur¬ Andrew Hamilton, pursuant to the directions chase-money for the ground he bought of Levin of this law; but by nis will he authorized his HU), upon the said William Allen’s making a son James and William Allen to convey to the i declaration, under his hand and seal in writing, trustees appointed by the Act of 1735 the lots, that he will at any time hereafter, on payment &c., which had been agreed to by him for the of such reasonable costs in law as may there¬ use of the province. upon arise, convey the said ground to such per¬ Deed, 2d July, 1760, Book H., Vol. 10, p. 635— sons and for such uses as shall be directed by William Allen to Isaac Norris. Thomas Leach w the Legislature for the time being, or suoh and Joseph Fox—for the lot No. 11. To have counsel learned in the law as they shall think and to hold, d-c., to such and tbe same use, in¬ fit for that service. ’ ’ tent and purposes, as are mentioned or intended Deed, 28th Aug., 1732—William Hudson to j in and by the Act of Assembly of 27th February, I Andrew Hamilton—for the lot No. 6. 1735-’6. Deed, Sept. 12th, 1732. —Thomas Paglar to An¬ Deed. 16th Sept., 1761, Book H., Vol. 15, p. 29, 'a drew Hamilton, for the lot No. 7, subject to a &c. —William Allen to Isaac Norris, Thomas ■ ground-rent of £5, being one of the rent-charges , Leach and Joseph Fox—for the lots (Nos. 1, 2, 3)! conveyed by Hill to Allen (ante). and the ground-rents payable by Paglar, Dow- Deed lost—Michael Morris to Andrew Hamil¬ lin, Davis and Morris (ante). Reciting the Act ton—for the lot No. 8, subject to a rent-charge of of 21st Feb., 1735-’6, “in which there is a pro¬ £2 5s., being one of the rent-charges conveyed viso to the effect following:’’ for the making by Hill to Allen (ante). conveyances’ '-'J ofVi theVJJV JHUUO,lands, evv,&o., ) to OULUsuch usesUOUO as Minutes of the Legislature, Vol. 3, p. 194, 10th tbe Legislature should at any time direct and Aug., 1733,—A committee report that £550, pur¬ appoint. The Assembly then sitting consider- '• chase-money for the ground on which the house ing that most of the trustees were dead, and stands, had been expended. that others were absent and infirm, directed the Deed Pell, 10th Nov.. 1733.-William Allen said Isaac Norris, the Speaker, Thomas Leach acknowledged the receipt of £500, and to have and Joseph Fox, two of their members, to be sold to the province of Pennsylvania the lot3 trustees of the lots, &c., Intended to be and the ground-rents purchased from Hill on granted pursuant to the Act of 1735-’0, and the the 15th October, 1730, (ante,) to be conveyed by conditions thereof, “to have and to hold, &c., him (Allen) to such uses as the province should the said lots and rent-charges in trust, and to direct and appoint. such and the same use or uses, intents and pur¬ Act of Assembly, Provincial Laws, p. 180, Feb. poses, as they are mentioned and intended in 21, 1735-'36, reciting that Andrew Hamilton and by the said Act, and to and for no other and William Allen had purchased, by direction use, Intent or purpose whatsoever. of the Legislature, divers lots of land on the Deed, 17th Sept., 1761, Book H., Vol. 15, p. 112 ■aouth side of Chesnut street designated in the —James Hamilton and William Allen to Isaac plan No. 3 by the letters W. A. and A. H., E. Norris, Thomas Leach and Joseph Fox—for the and F. and Nos. 9 and 10. and that a State lots No. 4, 5, 6 7, 8, 9, 10. Reciting the Act of House and other buildings had been erected at Assembly of the 21st Feb., 1735-'6, “In which the charge of the province, but that the estate, there is a proviso to the effect following, ’ ’ viz.: ' &c., remained in Andrew Hamilton and Wil¬ ’ for the making conveyances of the lands and liam Allen. And that the buildings and lots tenements to such uses as the Legislature might be effectually secured to the use o( the should at any time or times appoint or direct. province, it was thought necessary to vest the Tbe Assembly then sitting considering that v estate in trustees for the use, intents and pur¬ most of the trustees were dead, and that others poses thereinafter specified. AndrewHamiiton were absent and infirm, directed the said Isaac and William Allen were desired to convey and Norris, the Speaker, Thomas Leach and Joseph assure to John Kinsey, Joseph Kirkbride, Caleb Fox, two of their members, pursuant to the Copeland and Thomas Edwards, the lands, Act of 1735- 6, and the conditions thereof, and tenements, &c., aforesaid, to have and to hold the survivors of them, to be trustees of the lots ci the same to the uses, intents and purposes fol¬ intended to be granted, “tohave and to hold i lowing, and to no other use whatsoever, viz.: the lots, &c., in trust, and to such and the same to and for the use of the representatives of the use or uses, intents and purposes, as are men¬ freemen of the province which now are, and tioned and Intended in and by the said Act, and i from time to time hereafter shall be, duly to and for no other use. intent or purpose what- 1 elected by the freemen aforesaid, and to and for soever. n Eueh other useB, intents and purposes, as they, Act of Assembly, 17th Feb., 1762, Vol. I, p. 242, the said representatives, at any time or times reciting that Andrew Hamilton and William thereafter, in General Assembly met, shall Allen, by direction of the Legislature, had pur-: -j direct and appoint; "Provided always, and it is chased the lots described in the Actof 1735-’6; ! hereby declared to be the true intent and meaning of that William Allen had since purchased lot No. these presents, that no part of the said ground lying 11; the ereotion of the buildings; the Act of 21st ' to the south of the Stale House, as it is now built, be Feb., 1735-’6; the death of the trustees named converted into or made use of for erecting any sort in that Aet before the deed executed; and that of buildings thereupon, but that the said ground the premises, with the exception of the two - ■ ------* ■ shall be enclosed and remain a public green and corner lots on which the Court-houses walk forever. ’ ’ erected, might be effectually secured to the use Deed. Sept. 13th, 1730—William Davis to An¬ of t,hothe province,Tyrovinofi- and thet.ho legalIp.oal estatepstat.A vestedvpst.pd in drew Hamilton—fcr the lot No. 9, subject to a trustees, for the uses and purposes thereinafter mentioned, &e. It was enacted that the State ground-rent of £2 5s., being one of the rent- House, buildings, and lot of ground purchased charges conveyed by Hill to Allen (ante). before that time, (except the two corner lots be¬ Deed, 1738—Thomas Stanleford to Andrew fore mentioned,) and all the immunities, im¬ Hamilton—for the lot No. 10. provements, appurtenances, and the estate Will of Andrew Hamilton, 1st Aug., 1741. —“So interest, &c., of Andrew Hamilton, in his life¬ far as concerns the vesting and settling the lots, time, and of his heirs since his death, and of houses and grounds formerly agreed to by me William Allen, should be thenceforth vested in for the use of the province, X do nominate, Isaac Norris, Thomas Leach, Joseph Fox, J 3 authorize and appoint, William Allen, with my Samuel Rhoads, Joseph Galloway, John Bayn- son James, to irant and convey the said lots, ton and Edward Pennington, freed and dis¬ houses and grounds, to the trustees appointed charged from the uses, Intents and purposes by Act of Assembly, passed 21st Feb., 173-5-’ 6. ” mentioned and contained in the before-recited Deed, 21st Dec., 1742—Anthony Morris to Wil¬ Act of Assembly, and from all claims and de¬ liam Allen—for the lot No. 11. mands of the former trustees; but, neverthe¬ From the preceding document it appears that less, upon the trust, and to and for the ends, Of the lots described in the Act of Assembly of intents and purposes, and subject to the follow¬ 1735-’ G, those which are designated by the letters ing uses, viz.: for the use of the Legislature, IW. A. and A. H. in Plan No. 3, were orlgin- and to and for such other uses, intents and pur¬ I ally purchased by and conveyed to Andrew poses, as they at any time after should direct ] Hamilton and William Allen in their own and appoint; * ‘ Provided always, and it is hereby I right; but the preamble of the Act declares that declared to be the true intent and meaning hereof, ■ the purchases were made by direction of the that no part of the said ground lying to the south Legislature. Those marked E. and F. are not a included in any of the preceding deeds. The 1 " grounddescribedinthatAct.Thereis,there- y forever’whichrestrictionextendstoallthe ! veyedtothetrusteesforuseofcityand I ThisAct,then,repealsthatof1735-’6. | remainapublicgreenandwalkforever.’The I Onthe18thJuly,1764,trusteesexecuted j onthepaymentofsum£50foreachlot, ; likeoutwardformofstructureanddimensions. : restrictionthanthatthebuildingsshouldbeof i countyrespectively;and,thattheymightbe ‘ ton,withtheintentthattheyshouldbecon* j trusteesoftheloanofficeweredirectedtoretain I recitingthat,Whereas.itwasthoughtnecessary \ whichthewholegroundwastobeappropriated, l madeuseofforerectinganykindbuildings,but • thepartofprovinceforusesandpur- ! thatthelotspurchasedpriorto17thofSep¬ 1 paidtheconsiderationrequiredofthem. i 374—RobertTempestandwifetoIsaaciNorrls i forthelotNo.12. ; February,1735-’6,inwhichthereisanexpress ; (being,astheminutesofAssemblyrecited, : settledaccordingly,thetrusteesweredirected, i 207—CharlesTownsendandwifetoJosephFox I trustees,&c.—forthelotNo.14. I &c—ThomasGordonandwifetoIsaacNorris i tentsandpurposeswhatsoever. ; usesforwhichtheStateHouseanditsappur¬ : thatthesameshouldremainapublicgreenandwalk i rosesparticularlyspecifiedintheActof21st

: 1762,appropriated,andfornootheruses, o $ May,1762,containarecital thatthepurchases ; purposestowhichthehouseanditsappurte- premises, “totheusesaforesaid,’’insuch names, andtoexecutedeeds,&c.,forthe buildings thereon,butthatthesameshallbeand now built,bemadeuseofforerectinganysort manner astheLegislatureshoulddirect,&c. trustees tosufferactionsbebroughtIntheir street—had beenpurchasedbyAndrewHamll- one atthecornerofFifth,otheronSixth said lotstothecityandcounty,withnoother a tthesamerateorpriceforwhichwholeof tion thereof,andtheconveyances arein“trust the groundhadbeenpurchased,)toconvey and others,trusteesnamedIntheActsof1762— of groundadjoiningthatonwhichtheState for publicconveniencetopurchasecertainlots the sameuses. ance ofconveyancessubjectingitexpresslyto made intheyears1735and1762,ofusesfor provision •thatnopartofthegroundshouldbe tember, 1762,wereconveyedtothetrusteeson deeds tothecityandcountyrespectively,who 203—David ErwinandwifetoJosephFox Joseph Shippen,Jr.,toIsaacNorrisandothers, and others,trustees,&c—forlotNo.13. that thesameshouldbevestedintrustees and Sixthstreets,fortheusesfollowing,viz.: the lotsbetweenChesnutandWalnutFifth apply towardsthepurchasingofallorany but alsoastothegreaterpartofit,accept* and others,trustees,&c.—forlotNo.17. others, trustees,&o.—forlotNo.16. tees, &c.—forlotNo.15. John OhappeltoIsaacNorrisandothers,trus¬ tenances was,bytheActof17thFebruary, for thesamepurposes,andsubjectto be burnt,sunkanddestroyed,thesumof out ofthemoneysbyapreviousActdirectedto House iserected,forthesameuses,intentsand £5000, subjecttotheordersoftrustees ' :I' and Itmightbe difficulttoascertainthepers on reciting that,dhaccountofthe difficultyofse¬ ottyer use,intentandpurpose whatsoever.’ were respectivelymadepursuant tothedirec¬ as shouldbenecessary,theyweredirectedto trustees, that some ofthetrusteesweredead, State ofPennsylvania, thesamewasvested in curing thereal estateofthelateprovince, then the Actof17thFebruary,1762, andtoforno for theuses,intentsandpurposes declaredIn The thirdsectionrecitesthatthetwolots— From theprecedingdocumentsitisevident Act ofAssembly,14thMay,1762,Vol.1,p.254, Deed, 13thOctober,1762,BookI.,Vol.6,p.173— Deed, 10thJuly,1762,BookH.,Vol.16,p.Ill, All thedeedssubsequentto theActof14th Heed, 6thFebruary,1769,BookI.,Vol.6,p. Deed, 26thMay,1767,BookI.,Vol.6,p.179— Deed, 10thSeptember,1762BookF,,Vol.16,p. Deed, 6thFebruary,1769,BookI.,Vol.6,p. Act ofAssemlfty,Feb:28,1780, Vol.1,p.485, as it in- . - ] RecorderReed,extractsfromlawssubse- adjoining lotboundedbyChesnut,Fifth,Wal¬ enactea thattheStateHouse,togetherwiththe gaols, &c.,togetherwiththe.lotsoflandwhereon nut andSixthstreets,theCourt-houses, them, oftheseveralcounties,astheywerethen they areerected,orwhichappurtenantto be necessaryfortheconservationthereof:itwas the samehadbeenbefore|appolntedandlimited, their heirs;subject,however,totheseveral claims anddemandsofthetrustees, monwealth, dischargedandexemptedfromall vested intrustees,shouldbetheCom¬ __ whomTEeestatehaddescended.ilsuitsshould which beforethepassingofActmighthave estate, right,titleandinteresttothepremises corporate, &c.,otherthanthetrustees,allsuch to everypersonandpersons,bodiespolitic and tononeother:savingalwaysreserving uses, trusts,dispositionanddirectionforwhich . erectingbuildings,butthatthesameshouldbean State Housegarden,andconducetothehealthof to theembellishmentofpublicwalksin ed., p.144,reciting,thatitwouldcontribute palisades placedthereon.Therefore,beiten¬ air, iftheeastandwestwallswerelowered the citizensbyadmittingafreercirculationof acted,

them. msmyou dischargeyourdutiesbecomeapparentto ance ofyourlaborsandthezealwithwhich rendered us,andtopromiseforyou,inad¬ thank youfortheassistancehavethusfar care andnse,and,insodoipg,permitmeto carrying onourworkinaliberalmannerwill fame ofitsfounders andteachers,illustri¬ was, itwasthechoicestthen grownonAmeri¬ behalf oftheUniversityandFaculty vance, thetLanksofallmen,asimpost¬ Faculty ofthe University—illustriousfrom the can soil. germ wasnotveryabundant, but,suchasit fruit homebythetreewhich sprangfromthat Arts, thusrepliedtotheaddressofChair 1755. Initsearlieryears,as wasnatural,the veloped isfoundintheplan of the“Collegeor ago, forthegermwhichyour laborshavede¬ decessors onehundredand seventeen years Gome afterus. rightly apprehended,ofgreatsignificancein work whichsuchaninstitutionshoulddo,and now aUniversityableandreadytodothe sion. Whathasbeentomanyofusalong- to joinmostheartilyinthecongratulations man oftheBuildingCommittee: completion wasbegun,gentlemen,byyourpre- has beendone,tousandthosewhoare the peopleofPhiladelphiaarefullyimpressed Seminary ofUniversalLearning,” charteredin exaggerate theimportance.ofevent,or live. For,ifitbetruethatwrehavehereand the historyofcommunityinwhichwe history oftheUniversity,hutitisalsoone,if] ing andliberalculturewhichshallfitthemto in whichmenmayreceiveallthevarious last atrueUniversity,completeinallitsparts, formal announcementthatwehavehereat of aliving,actualreality. which aresofittingonthisauspiciousocca¬ Arts andoftheDepartmentSciencedesire over-estimate thefar-reachingresultsofwhat with thatbelief,then,indeed,itisnoteasyto Such aneventisnotonlymemorableinthe departments ofhumanknowledgethattrain¬ cherished dreamhasatlastassumedtheshape be theleadersandguidesoftheirfellow-men. Trustees;—The FacultiesoftheDepartment But somethingmoreisneededbesidesa And now',Mr.Provostandgentlemenofthe In 1765,that illqstrious body,theMedical The workofwhichwecelebrateto-daythe Charles J.Stille,L.L.D.,theProvost,ou To-day wecomebeforetheworldwith Mr. ChairmanandGentlemenoftheBoard The Provost’sReply. to theartsoflife.TheorganizationsuchaI ot natureshouldbetaightintheirapplications that wasadepartmentalwhichthesciences! department hasseemedtoyounotonlythe the times. natural outgrowthofthetrue*Universityprin¬ gladly hailitasthestrongestproofof ment ofthepromiseheldoutbyourearliest ciple, butaseminentlyfittingfortheneedsofI their earliestprofessionaltrainingfromit—was! reason todoubtthatanincreasingmannerwill[ for them,havealreadycome;andtt1' stately hallsanunexpectedlylargehue done areenjoyingtullythefruitofyourlabors.| true, andreal,fruitful,eachonewhohears shall hekeptinthelargestandmostliberal sciences (forwithTheology,Scientiadivinal best completetheworkwhichyouhavebegun,' move, andhavetheirbeing.'’Thusshallw the powerandbenefi%enceofthat“Almighty, that grandcentralfigureinnature'srealm,of ledge andloveofTruth,Bight,an-Duty. you haveprovidedforanever-iucreasin,*-need.j follow themwhenitisknownTrowliWallyi us suchamplemeansofexecuting.T< imposed uponus,andwhichyouhaveg ness thatthoseforwhosesakeithasailbeen reward forsuchunselfishtoil—theconscious¬ You haverightlyjudged;weshallhelpyoutoI thing ofyourownearnestnessandenthusiasm. are theteachershere,imbuedwithsome¬ rest mainlyonyourfirmbelief,thatwe,who| respond toallthathasbeendoneforus.We ( Mycolleaguesandmyselfknowsomething me to-daymayjudgeforhimself. way. Whathasbeendoneintheerectionof| building totheuseoftwofaculties,weI charter, but,whenyoudedicatethisnoble our charterforbadeuatointermeddle),amL link tocompletethecircleofhuman[ Law Department.Itneededbutonemore( keeping infullviewtheUniversityideaj who, formorethanacentury,havereceivedi same tree.To observe,tospeculate,experi- 1 made thefollowingspeech: partment ofScience,onbehalfthatFaculty, commemorate yourlabors. and erectthemostenduringmonument Being bywhombothnatureaudmanlive,afw attain tothathigherknowledgeconcerning| Let usnotmerelyunfoldtothemthein,steries Be itourstotraintheseyoungmenina'now- young men,attractedbywdiatyouha reap therewardyouseek—theonlypossible cherish forthesuccessofyourgreatenterprise are fullysensiblethatthehopeswhichyou with allourneeds,andheartsgratefully have beeninconstantandactivesympathy where inthiscountry.Weknowthatyou brought totheaccomplishmentofthistask. of theunweariedzealanddevotionyouhave this buildingtoaidusmakeourworkhere established anotherlearnedFaculty,thatofthe| organized. Stilllater,in1789,thetrustees,! faculties ofmind. Inthedimdawni mentand toconstruct arecognateandcoequal j Physical Sciencehavealways beenfruit,ofthe; good andbeautifulareofall ages, thecommon and aflectionwithoutcomparison; andthe bilities, hisdestiny,thatsotheymaybeledtc man, hiscapacities,bishistory,response of nature,butletusteachthemsomethingj nient meansofinstructionunsurpassedany¬ earnestness ofyourdesire,thatpromise ous fromthegreatnumberofeminentmen ever isgoodandbeautiful worthy ofrespectj We knowthatyouhavegivenushereconve¬ harmomous. Philosophy,Belles-lett;- sand property ofmankind,common origu,aud We celebrateto-daynotmerelyyourfulfil¬ Prof. Lesley,DeanoftheFacultyDe¬ AVe accept,then,thetrustwhichyou Gentlemen oftheBoardbfTrustees AYhat-) Address byProf.Jbesley. O'e f^cera their complicated hhenome*ta. No Gentlemen, in enlarging the instructions of fwTO More practical than 0 Architecture, Dentistry, Minir >. En- curriculum you have placed it in harmony I gineering and Metallurgy flourished h Egypt with the spirit of education elsewhere • you’ ‘re ^F63106 of the most elaborate have answered, a lawful call of this large city, ntnal of religion, while Pentaouv was in¬ and of the State to which we owe allegiance.; scribing his immortal poem on the walls of Nor have you moved in the matter a day too Carnac. Greece was not more glorified by Soc- soon. The want of an adequate and efficient mtes, Plato and Herodotus than by Aristotle, apparatus for training the young scientifically Anaximander and Democritus, and the physic’ for business, as chemists, architects, engineers, ists who made collections of fossils, andfengin- geologists, metallurgists, superintendents of | eeis, +„ whot, ■ 1 mined; the lead veinsvoiu{) uiof juaun-um.Laurimn. iro-Po¬ transportation, inventors and discoverers of i try history, chemistry and the principles of the new forces and applicable powers in the ma- mfthi ^ Wether terial world,here in Philadelphia has been em¬ under the ealifiTof ^Sagdad'anK'shSTf phasized by the conspicuous success of our! Cold ova. And when the long and slowproces- Hew Department of Science already. You °* buma" knowledge reached western cannot go back : the ships have been burnt:; and northern Europe, gathering in its march the enterprise must be pursued greatly; all the treasures of fifty centuries to deposit them eyes are already watching your progress. in and museums, the laboratories and factories of the modern Christian world This is no new idea, however, but only a fresh effort to realize the original thoughts of I ir6/ >ere cai'ned. together by the same beasts ™ the founders of this University. Philadelphia1 5*^liJ+^i11’ *and guided by the same pioneers. In distributing the prizes of renown what for many years has been the acknowledged judge could decide between the merits of Para- principal centre o physical science in Ame¬ celsus and Palissy, between Boehme and rica. From the time of Franklin, names of Boerhaave : between Reuchlin and Erasmus distinction have been connected with its names; on one hand, and Verulam, Da Vinci Buon some of them, like Rittenhouse, Ewing, Smith, arotti and Vasari on the oilier? ArcnotX' Bache, and Hare, were connected personally noblest men of oiu-day equally hr’ r for with the University. The principles of physi¬ imagination and science; for the wisdom of cal science have always been taught within its practica! Me, and that love of fair expression walls. Before the breaking out of the late which makes the artist and the scholar ? The war, a special course of scientific instruction woild !s mature; its feels its constitutional - was provided for those students who wished to fit themselves for the practical arts. But no cutis in n pant5 *or action; it devises and exe - I ™t S thousand monuments; it criticises na- 1 adequate accommodations could be furnished ture, subjects the elements, demands service for the purpose in the now deserted building in Ninth street. ° Xf.e°tajlj5hlngs> lnspu'es matter with its V Here a new and a finer career is offered. We setf the svlrfafle of the earth to have to thank the generous enthusiasm of en¬ Thkllthe .comfort and convenience of all. lightened citizens and the persevering courage sd^nces.18 SCleDCe’ These are its physical of the Board of Trustees for making that pos¬ sible, which has been a long-cherished dream 1 aDly time f01'«et its boyhood’s aays . When was ever so much lovingthought of the Alumni of our venerable college. Now, bestowed on the records of bygone times9 at last, we have room fo work. Five chemical Christendom resounds with poetry. The nine¬ laboratories have been given to us. Two teenth century sings at its work. “The old the- museums are provided for the students’ use, ology is as fresh and dear as ever to human with 15,000 choice specimens of minerals and hearts. Homer and Virgil can never he sup- fossils. -We have already begun to organize collections of building stones, coals, ores, fur- 3 r nurfdn by Xysor'’ Whittier. Lowell, anPd mice products, whatever can illustrate work I Longfellow. More sebpiarsscholars now busy ttem-taem- selves with the ancient languages than in any in the field, in the furnace and in the mine. We axe provided with rooms for drawing, for emnwe nfe r^d tra“s^tors of the choicest lit • ffl tv.7 i Ind’f and China are added to grat- the construction of model buildings and ma¬ ifythe classical taste of an age most wronv- chinery and the processes of metallurgy. J su nt.h kke them, he benefactors o’ •j Ut ' ition of memorial Window. ot withstanding the unfortunate difficulties . Portraits. one time embarrassed the Provost and the inStitution.the minutes and acts of the Board of Trustees prove that his Hon. James ft. Ludlow, LL. D., tlien made great merit was known and to a certain extent appre¬ the presentation of the Memorial Windows ciated Not only did Dr. Smith devote his richly culti vated mind and vast energy to the instruction of youth and Portraits to the Trustees, and in doing so and to the everyday wants of the College, but, by reques said: of the Trustees, he went abroad, and in England raised Gentlemen of the Board of Trustees: Auspicious £8,000 for the institution in the years 1762-3 ; while by was that day upon which the Trustees of the University oilier means and in other places he added to this large of Pennsylvania determined to erect this building. With sum £12,000, thus by his individual efforts adding £20,000 ■La, wtse forethought they selected this spot, and the City to the lunds of the College. B ; Councils, with a liberality which will always bo commen- As may be supposed, students flocked to the eity,and in | oed, agreed to sell this tract of land to this institution 1773 as many as three hundred pnpilswere instructed in 1 § up™ most liberal terms. As if by magic the walls of this the collegiate, medical and academic schools. utau^ilu! edmce have been roared, and now it stands an We must not forget now to turn our attention to ano < ruament to the city, and to be dedicated to the cause of ther memorial window. It has been erected in honor o enlightened education. Massive as is this structure, the Penn family. What more suitable place than thi Cr something more had to be accomplished. To he complete, j could have been selected to perpetuate the memory o » its history, in part at least,must be written upon its Wm. Penn. Of comprehensive views, boundless liberal , ; this the friends of the insti¬ ity. large benevolence and unswerving integrity,William Ill determined to do, and that work Penn was a man imbued with deep religious convictions Iso been cmnpleted. The thought was a happy one, he acted upon the principle, and sought by the gentlest iiioug the living you may look for the reproduction means wit bin his power to do that which before had been ■nes and men of the past, not only upon the printed accomplished only by the sword. , but also on canvas, in marble, and other works of Men may differ as to particular creeds and forms of iart. Here, and at a glance shall the visitor learn of the faith. The founder of this Commonwealth b dieved in, feast, as it is inseparably connected with this institution, and acted upon a system of faith which requires a strong i ture, as the eye tails upon each window or upon the walls iutellectto comprehend for while it dispenses with nice of the building, the mind will instinctly revert toother form, without adventitious aid, it appeals directly to the days ; a familiar name or form suggests at once, not only intellect, the heart aud the soul of man, as it dea'ls with k the actor but that which he accomplished, and thus, by the unseen and with things eternal. the well-known law of association, history shall bo again Here in this metropolis, in the city which he founded ■ written as it is connected with this institution. and loved, and in this building dedicated to the cause of H .In the brief time allotted to me for the preparation of human knowledge, let the name of the founder of the r' this discourse, I cau do little more than present to you a «j Commonwealth be held in reverence, and his fame ■ sketch ot the men whose portraits adorn these walls, of everlasting. the meaning of these memorial windows, and of the deeds Ot Thomas Penn, a son of William, we must here speak, [; which are here perpetuated. for the College ©wes him a debt of gratitude it can never J , T.h© subject will bo treated in its historical and chrono- repaj . Benj. Franklin and Dr. Smith labored with all J logical order. their might, but even the efforts of tkese giants might And first of all let us turn to the Franklin memorial 1 ave failed but for the aid ot Thomas Penn. window—the gift of the Alumni of tho institution, in The infleunce of this gentleman was freely exerted with honor ot theiounder of the College of Phila ldphia. . persons ol rank and fortune in England, when, in 1762-3, Here aid now it is only necessary to mention the name of Dr. Smith raised the large sum of money there, while this __ Benj. Franklin. Who he w'as,and what he did for science, munificent patrou of learning contributed £4,500 in j for his country and for the world is known to every boy in money, and 2 500 acres of land, situated in Bucks ^county, the land. What he did for us is the point to which we Pennsylvania, shall direct your attention. Hand down to posterity the name of the father and son. In 1749, by the direct efforts of this illustrious man, his What they did for mankind will live when the 6\vord shall friends subscribed £800forthe endowment of an academy. be forgotten ; when the nations of the earth shall assera- A building was erected in Fourth street, below Arch; it .. ble as one brotherhood, and when their several emblems htood until very recently, when it was removed, and in its of power and authority shall gracefully descend before place was built the preseut structure. the advancing banner of the Prince of Peace. How well many ot you, with the speaker, remember the There is another name almost forgotten, and another old school; there we received our earliest education, and window in the main hall, by the stairway, soon to be fin¬ if we did not always rejoice to enter its walls, it was not ished, which is to be constructed in honor of a man whose because its earliest history was not dear to us. modest merit cannot, by the learned world, be unknown. In tho year 1755 a charter was granted for the “College, When, in 1746, the wonderful properties of electricity Academy and Charitable School of Philadelphia.” An were comparatively unknown tour young men, Benja¬ examination will establish the fact that this institution min Franklin, Thomas Hopkinson, Philip Syng and an¬ was the sixth, in order of age, of all the colleges in the other, devoted their leisure moments to the investigation United States. William and Mary, Harvard, Yale, of this w’onderful subject; each made discoveries, and King’s (now Columbia), at New York, and Princeton henceforth the name of Ebenezer Kinnersley became being the only seniors. Franklin was not only a Trustee • familiar to the scientific men of Europe. | until 1790, tho year of his death, but when in the country Dr. Franklin, the friend of Kinnersley, who knew his i \ devoted his time, his talents and his energies to this insti¬ 1 eminent worth,induced liim to accept the position of head tution. Even the early record books yet remain in his master in the English school, at the college of Phihulel- handwriting as Secretary of the College. Look upon that pbia, in 1763, and two years afterwards, to wit, on 11th of B portrait and behujd your earliest benefactor and friend. July, 17£5, he was chosen professor of the Englishltougue L. What a flood of history pours in upon us from that memo- and of oratory, a position, I believe, afterwards held by r. rial window! such men as Rev. Dr. Jacob Duche, Rev.Dr.Wm.Rogers, See how upon the left hand the artist has reproduced the and our own lamented Henry Reed. j past with its wonderful story. Professor Kinnersley continued to hold his professor¬ There is the coat of arms of the Pen® family, by whom ship until October 17,1772, when his failing health caused the charter was granted, a representation of the devasta- him to resign his office, and on February 2, 1773, the | tion produced by lightning, and, last of all, a picture of trustees passed a resolution regretting his loss to the Col¬ j the hand-press used by Franklin in London. lege. Dr. Smith, in his eulogy on Franklin, names Pro¬ [ Now gaze upon the right hand side of the window, and fessor Kinnersley as the third professor, and then adds, the pietent is before you. “ there is in the experiment room an electrical apparatus, There is the coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Penn¬ the property of one of the professors, chiefly his own in sylvania, by which the present charter was granted. veniion, and perhaps the completest of its kind in the Look again, and you will not see the simple kite han¬ world.” This apparatus was afterward purchased by the ded by l ranklin, but a representation of the telegraph trustees, and a part is, 1 think, still preserved. Dr — electricity made useful to man, and in place of the old Priestly in his history of electricity (pp. 187-190), writing Land-press you will observe that most wonderful produc¬ in 1767, says: “While we are attending to what was tion oi human genius, the last improved printing press. done by Dr. Franklin at Philadelphia, we must, by no I am informed by a most competent judge that upon the means, overlook what was done by Mr. Kinnersley, the """ «„-♦ ~1-:--t:.es-" doctor s friend,” and again “Some of his observations, of which an account is given in the doctor’s letters, are very curious, and some later accounts which he himself has minute. transmitted to England, seem to promise that if he con¬ Reflect upon the past and the present, think only of tinues his electrical inquiries, his name, after that of his electricity and of the press, and then tell me if this win¬ friend, will be second to few in the history of electricity." dow docs not beautifully, wisely and justly do honor to Born in England on the 30th day of November, 1711, he, ■ ihe memory of the founder of this college, the immortal with his father, a Baptist clergyman, came to America I Benjamin Franklin. and settled in Lower Dublin, Pa. He was ordained as From the window we now turn to the portrait of Rev. Baptist minister in 1743,but was never pastor of a church. fc Willis.in Smith, D. D., the first Provost of the College. He died on the 4th day of July, A. D. 1778, at the age of ■3 The foremost scholar of his day in this province, it was I 67 years. His remains are iuterred in the cemetery at¬ ■ no wonder that Franklin called him to tlm high office of I tached to the Lower Dublin Baptist Churcfi. H Provost, in the year 1755, and although his active duties It has thus come to pass, that ill this new building, and B ceased, because of an attempted repeal of the charter, in | in an institution in which he had once been an honored 91779, he held office until the year 1791. The history of j instructor, and to the prosperity of which he had so Dr Smith is interwoven with the history of the college ; ‘ greatly contributed, a grateful generation, appreciating | asapreacher he was distinguished for eloquence, as a his modest worth, perpetuates Ins name, and deems it a " teacher he was unsurpassed, as a man he was not only in- j privilege so to do. defatignble, but what he designed to do he did with a will,! At this point in these remarks, we pause to say that the and with such a consummate skill that he generally ac- j windows and portraits heretofore specified illustrate the 1 complished hie object. pre revolutionary history ot this institution. Next in order of time must be named, the great mecha¬ nician ar.d astronomer, David Rittenhouse. This very remarkable man deserves something more than a passiug notice. IH He was not only an American, but a natiro of thiicoun- I try, and was born upon tbe *th of April, 1732, in the then true. When Dr. William Smith, the Provost* visited I town.lup of Koxborougk, now in The Twenty -first Ward England, Dr. Ewing, at the age of 26, was employed to | of the city./Philadelphia. His great-grandfather, Wil¬ I instruct the philosophical classes in the College of Phila¬ iam. established about tho year 1690 the first paper mill delphia. , n British Americc, upon a small stream called “Paper ;| in 1773 he visited England, and the University of Edin¬ I Mill Sun,” in Koxborougb. When the subject of this burg conferred upon him the degree of D„ D. I .'ketch was 17 yearejof age he made a v.-ooden clock and My friend, Horatio Gates Jones, Esq., of our bar, to ■ soon after constructed a twenty four hour clock whom I am indebted for many facts and dates connected i I Such mechanical genius could not bo overlooked or n»- with the most prominent men of the University,call my at- * Iglected, and hie wise lather soon purchased for him such tern ion to an anecdote which had escaped my observation. II Olds as were required In the business of eJock-maJdis*' It is worthy of notice : When Dr. Ewing visited Eng¬ 'This natural born mechanic and maa of real genius land he met the celebrated Dr. Johnson at the house of Mr. Dilly, the wealthy and hospitable bookseller of Lon- I *1 u hilo I sotii> >studied 'mathematics, and don. Dr. Johnson was bitter against the colonies, and' I this celeVrate which precluded sleep. had been a professor from 1789, was in December, 1810, I rnmifnf „fUSt ^a,ve Been their joy when they beheld the elected Provost. He died March 29th, 1813, at the age of ■ morning sun, and the whole horizon withuut a cloud. 67 years. He was a native of Maryland, and an ordained Ifo,-tbeP^re,slionce a“d trembling anxiety, they waited minister of the Protestant Episcopal Church.At 17 he was lbro .i ,Fw n ;fd if observation. It came, and sent to the college and Academy of Philadelphia and 1 , with it all that had been wished for and expected graduated in 1765. I the inflow Eaw ivo 1,1 our Philosopher it excited ini Tbe subject of this sketch is described as a man of rare I !n, aS1.8* 0112 of *Bo contacts of the planet with the I classical knowledge ; an indefatigable worker and an ex¬ lii dnee f ,Tn/i 011 “tl-1'? 80 e^0i'site and powerful as to | cellent teacher ; if not endowed with the snlendid genius, IhllW.o rl JS8' T5lsk says Dr. Kush, “will readily be he was nevertheless amply qualified to discharge those du¬ I l ‘ , “are known the extent of pleasure 9 ties which develop strength of mind, high-toned morali¬ I 2l> „l!t8nds t>\e discovery or first perception of Truth.” I ty and solid learning. Ihim i W9S . of »«r astronomer that we find In the order oi tame and of succession we now mention taSisbi?,1»yad’at, bn!? intervals, from 176.3 to 1785, in es- the name of Rev. Frederick Beasby, D. D. Born in 1777, Ifrovlnceg ancUStates lmcB aad Axing the limits of great near Edinton, B. C., he graduated at Princeton with high I honor in 1797. Under Dr. Samuel Stanhope Smith, he studied theology. In 1801 he was ordained a deacon in lal'a^’oTSn’olc^r^9 for ^ yea™’ the Protestant Episcopal Church by Bishop Moore, of Dr. Kitteuhouse (who had then received the de- New York, and a priest in 1802. As a minister, he officia- i 9f A.M.apd LL.D , and who had succeeded Dr. I ted at Elizabethtown, N. J.; St. Peter’s,! “njulm as President ot the AmericanJPhilosophical So- Albany ; and St. Paul’s, , where ho I farSijk as l779UStee °’tDa College ; he had held office as1 jj remained until July, 1813, when he accepted the position of Provost of the University. The degree of] ! P,U^kth.e7thrd.a5' of January, 1780, he was elected Vice D. D. was conferred upon him by Columbia College ana liuiu»ot the Lmversity, having been appointed Pro- the University. Respected and learned, Dr. Beaslev con¬ lessor ofVstrononiy December 16tli, 1778. Dr. Kitten- $ tinued to discharge his duties for fifteen years. He re¬ 1 178286 resl^led these positions on the 18th day of April, signed Ms office to accept a pastorate at Trenton, N. J. 1 Failing health, after a time, obliged him to retire from I I Ten year^aftenvard, in 1792, George Washington ,au- active dnty, but ke devoted hisIlia leisureIpicnrA irwirrifinfslmoments totn liter¬ll+or. j pointed Dr. fe. the first Director of the Mint, and the first' ary and theological studies until his sudden death, upon ■ I design5 pr0BS\ever ‘instructed here was made after his $ November 3,J845. 'When the Dnivereity, strictly so called, was estab¬ 4“ l™? Jeff+son,in a letter written to Kitteuhouse,says: lished, the new trustees met in December, 1779, and steps I \, U 8Bouldtonsider that the world has but one Kitten- . were at one© taken to organize the schools. house, and trfit it never had one before. The amazing g James Cannon was appointed to the chair of mathema¬ f, thi Wical Ae»resentatwn of the solar system [referring tics. He in a few years resigned, and' then the name of iK''tamim or Orrery] which you conceived and 1 Robert Patterson appears as his successor in office. Sub¬ of whSifsacopy.”*11 8U1-pas8ed by any But the works •% sequently, a reorganization took place, and in tbe depart¬ ment of arts, five separate schools were established, each In his Notes on Virginia, written in 1781, he says- -‘In being placed under the care of a professor. The mathe¬ P«ntlt5r#d«f1C*d * WAshington. * * * In physics a matical school fell to the lot of Robert Patterson, L.,L.D. serl^n't , We have supposed Mr. Kitteuhouse For thirty-five years he held the office. second to no astronomer living ; that in genius he must I When Dr. McDowell died, he united to the chair of be the first because self-taught. As an artist he has ex- * mathematics that of natural pnilosophy, and in 1810 was nimted as great a proof ot mechanical genius as the world elected Vice-Provost in the place ot' Dr. Andrews, who 1 w r, »X* *r y^«;*wv.viS?.?.^..¥^?a5 4j.o imb nut0t i?mueeud“d iuaaem»d®,» a woria,y'orld, butout behe had been made Provost; lie held this office from 1810 to bas by imitation approached nearer its Maker than any 1813. The subject, ©f this sketch was an Irishman by 1i manPlVut ,--who nmn has ilioJ livedv v1,:,. trorn i. the creation.. i to thisims nay,day.”J Thisxms birth. He came here before the revolution, in 1768, was siflan

. _____ . Robert M. Patterson, the son, was born in, this c Amid the lament! March 23d, 2787. Hegraduated at the University, as ' public, he died on the 14th of October, i8oZ. m this city ! Bachelor of Arts, in 1804, and in a few years later as a ‘ •* And now another of my teachers appears before me. Doctor of Medicine. His professional studies were pur¬ and, as 1 gaze upon his compact form and pleas.nt face I sued in Paris and London. . recognize Alexander Dallas Bache. LL. D Prom 1813 to 1814 he was a Professor of Natural Philoso¬ ^BoriynPhiiadelphm^ July 19,1806, he died at Newport, phy in the University, and from 1814 to 1828 he filled the chairs of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and Chem¬ ' His mother was a daughter of Alexander James Dallas, istry, and iw the spring of 1814 was elected Vice Provost. . iand he wasa grandson of Dr. Franklin. In 1828 he removed to Virginia, where.from 1828 to 1835* He graduated at West Point in 1825, av.d until 1829 was he occupied, with distinction, the chair of Natural a Dieutenant ot Bngiueers, aud was employed in con- Philosophy in the University of that State. structing i ort Adams, at tire entrance ol Narragansett Returning to Philadelphia, Dr. P. accepted an ap¬ pointment as Director of the Mint, an office which he Prom 1827 to 1832, he was the Professor of Mathematics held from 1835 to 1851. He was elected President of the Ihhtorl Phoaiil/..,f , /!!— ■, | ^ J | si American Philosophical Society in 1845, and declined the ) spent 6ome ( pcsition, but subsequently, in 1849*he was re-elected, and i; accepted the office. Ho died on the 6th of September, j return prepared an elaborate report of great "value.0U 1854. In 1839 he resigned his connection with Girard Col- ; Dr. Patterson was a gifted man, and in mental charac¬ lege, and on the 5th ot August, 1842, he was again elected teristics so evenly balanced as to render it a dicffiuit task to the chair ftl Natural Philosophy and Chemistry in this to do justice to his memory. , institution. As a teacher, one of his most distinguisned pupils, now The nation now demanded his eervicos, aud in 1843 ha | a professor here, testifies to his great capacity, while, an was appointed the Superintendent of the Coast Survey a S a lecturer on science, no loss a man than the late Doctor position which he held until his death, * | Dunglison considered him one of the most successful he In 1846 Dr. Bache was made a Itegeut of the Smith- [ever heard. , , , soman Institution. Long before that time he had b»en ' Dr. Patterson's thoughts were clear and to the point, elected President of the American Philosophical Society ■ | his style eloquent, his analysis almost perfect, his loam; whUe the University of New Yorkiu J838. the University Ling abundant. He was, moreover, a modest man, and ot Pennsylvania m 1837, aud Harvard in 1851, had - ach [ avoided mere ostentation and display. conferred uponinm the degree of LL. D. ’»■ [: In social life his conversation was charming, while his The mere mention of the numerous positions most a I home was a centre of cuitivatiun, refinement and love It Ceptably filled by Dr, Bache proves that lie was no rom- | makes me sad to think that of the group of five distin- 210,n Indeed one had but to know him to he satis¬ ] guisbed men, who were accustomed tomc-t for social in- fied that be was not only a cultivated gentleman but an (tercourse, all are gone—Bethune, Dallas Baclie, Dungli- j accomplished scientist. Without a particle of parade or I son, Kane and Patterson have passed into another world. display, with facility he imparted his knowledge to his In 1828, Rev. Wm. H. DeLancy, D. D., was elected Pro- PUPljg nrul inno illtiM* 4-1— —. — 1 l “ .. . | voet. In the city of Philadelphia, it is hardly necessary for me even te sketch the history of this learned and godly Dical ; altogether, this professor was most worthy de- 1 man. My eye can almost see the lofty spire of the church fleendant of the great Franklin. * in which he ministered, and my ear is even now entranced Another of thei I110 courteous and | w ith the music of its sweet chime of^eils dignified Hemy Reed, LL. D. As u lecturer and teacher - For six years, and until 1834, he went in and out before he was distinguished for clearness of thought aud purify Ibis purtils, many of whom live to-day and must well re- 9: ot style ; well versed in general literature, he was espe- | member bis lessons of wisdom, replete with learning, his daily eminent m the department of rhetoric and English I words of wise counsel, his pious example, literature, over which he presided. His published eniara. j Ih 3834, Dr. De Lancy was elected the Episcopal Bishop already familiar to the public, established his reputation I of the then diocese of Western New' York; from that as a writer, critic and mau of learning. The memorial period, and until the day of his death, his name and fame Ynhdml^t«fsgi,tto£tl‘e Bor*>n Philadelphia, became the property ©f the Protestant Episcopal Church July 13th, 1808, he graduated here in 1825 * in the United States. T’’r6mi,i ;tUlly °I tne law under the direc- Just here 1 must pause, and for a few moments post- tion ot the H°11. John bergeant, lie was admitted to the Ipoiie my remarks cone* ruing the man who was the Pro- bai in 18-9 , soon after, in 1831, lie was appointed Assist- I vest of this University from 1834 to 1852. Presently I ™i>w?0f'eSSOrio£ Ei‘go1Bh litei'MU" in the Univorsityfaud, j shall speak of him. in 1835, was elected Professor of Rhetoric and F-.-lish I And now we have reached a period in the history of the V,Vo‘pt,lre' . 0ll„tlie rtli.°f February, 1854, lie was . J University when it seems tome as though I am about to Vice Provost. His professorship became vacant, and, oh spi ak not of the dead, but of the living, for the remaining how sad are the recollections which now cluster around 7 p< rrraits and memo ial w indow’s remind mo of the men the subject On Ins return from Europe, thi beloved Dio- who were the instructors of my youth, aud whose names lessor took passage upon the ill-fated “ Arctic,'1 and with are signed to my own diploma . that vessel was iost at sea on the 27th day of September, I can se* them now as one by one they enter the ebapel, 18o4. Eighteen years have rolled into eternity since the or sit in the class-room. • Rqd event, but the features and form of my instructor live J There was that very learned man, Henry Vetliake, VJY-Iy 1,li my memory,.and hie name and fame, w4th that L.L.D., born m“1792, in the Colony of Essequibo, Guiana, of his colleagues, Wylie, Vetliake and Bache, are per- I Booth America. He removed to the United States at , petuated together m the memorial windows and portraits ! four years of age. Having graduated at Columbia Col¬ . which adorn these walls. lege, Nqw York, he studied law. For one year he Venerated and belovedl professors, after-a lapse of near y thirty years, it has fallen to the lot of one of vour I taught mathematics in Columbia College. In 1813 he pupils to proclaim your lama, to trace imperfectly your filled the chairs of mathematics and natural philosophy instory , and to associate your name with this new build- at Rutgers, N. J., and of chemistry and mathematics at jug cud this honored institution. j Princeton irom 1817 to 1821. Dr. Yet hake was also a I see you once more gathered together now and here* professor at Dickinson College and the University of and as 1 pay this poor tribute toyour worth and learning! New York, while at one time he was the President of me lor the last time exclaim hail and farewell! Washington College, Virginia, and in 1859 the Professor A delicate and difficult duty now devolves upon me, for I of Higher Mathematics in tiie Polytechnic College in It ^ history ot this institution requires mo to notice (thiscity. He was a professor in the University of the Provost from 1834 to 3862. Born upon the banks of Pennsylvania from 1836 to 1859* while he was also its Vico i 1ei.?la81Ka,lc’ i? N. J., in 1793, at twenty-four years of ago Provost in 18-16, and finally from 1854 to 1859 was the Pro- he filled the Professorship of Hebrew, Ecclesiastical His- ? vest. As a man Dr. Vetliake was kind, considerate, and |-v; tory and Church Government in the Bern inary of the Re- the very soul of honor, and in the republic of letters no ■ formed Dutc.* Church at New Brunswick, N. J.,froai deserves a high rank As a mathematician he was most 181/ to!1823. From 1823 to 1834 he was the pastor of tho eminent, while his knowledge in almost every branch of First Reformed Dutch Church at Albany, N. Y. jj human learning-was profound. Did time permit, it would B It has already been stated he was the Provost of the j be a labor of love to trace in detail the history of this re¬ University from 1834 to 1S52, and he served this institution markable man, and prove by incocitestible evidence that for a longer consecutive period of time than any other he is justly entitled to the position assigned to him m this Provost. discourse. I have, however, 6aid enough, and that very Having resigned his office in 1832. he chose to spend the deliberately and advisedly, to perpetuate his fame in so m evening ot his life among the associations and friends of | far as it is possible on this occasion so to do. ^ his earliest years, and he therefore accented the Profes- I There was Rev. Bamuel Brown Wylie, D„ D., who was *• eorship of Ecclesiastical History and Church Government I born in Ireland, May 21st, 1773, graduated at the Univer¬ ‘3* m , keimnary ai New Brunswick, and of Mental Philo¬ sity of Glasgow in 1797, a Professor of Theological Semi- sophy in Rutgers College. He continued in. the active Inary of the Reformed Presbyterian Church from 1809 to - pertorinance o t his duties until hie death, in ibis city, on | 1851. the 8th day ot September, 1857. Dr. Wylie was a Vice Provost from 1834 to 1845, and ha When, upon a pleasant afternoon in tli* early autumn* held the Professorship of Ancient Languages from 1838 to of 1857, “devout men carried him to liis burial,” that elo¬ 1845, when he resigned and was elected an Emeritus Pro- quent and learned divine and Christian gentleman, Rev. I lessor. When I knew this Vice Provost, he was advanced George \V. Bethune, D. D.. as he stood and gazed upon , in years, but his mind was as bright as ever, and his Irish the prostrate form of his deceased friend, the late Pro¬ : heart gushed out in expressions of tenderness and affec vost, addressed the sorrowing congregation which j tion crowded the ancient church at New Brunswick, N. J. I If he was not brilliant he was strong, and as a teacher Though that gifted orator, for many years one of your his instruction was most valuable. trustees, has gone to his rest and his reward, lie shall As a classical scholar, his learning was profound, for speak now, and thus an impartial tongue shall honor the j his knowledge was built upon a foundation so solid that it memory of the dead. ’ could not be shaken. Besides all this, his acquirements Dr. Bethune amoDg other thiDgs, said; “His most in other branches of knowledge were extensive, and he striking characteristic was strength. His person was j was most thoroughly versed in moral philosophy amL strong, his framet large, firmly knit and commandiug, rose before you like a column on which no ordinary weight of public burden might be safely Hid. 13 ' traced, his eye clear.and almost stern. the autumnal sunshine—the pas Peonies back s voice was strong: no one who looked upon hite upon us -with amazing power, and reads many and heard his B.oanergic eloquence doubted his strength. a lesson which the present may well lay to ‘ Hik intellect was strong; culture and conviction?tif taste smoothed some of its ruggednesg: his grasp was vig¬ heart. These good and noble and often great orous, his logic direct and determined, crushing the su¬ men have departed. The plaees which knew perficial semblancy.of-Sophistry and art. them once know them no more. But though “His will was strong; the prompt energy of his convic¬ tions and The humility with which he obeyed well ascer¬ dead they still speak to us, and their lives and tained principles made him determined, because h©>wa« I sure. labors, pictured on the casements, and their •• Jiis affections were strong ; if those who. looked noon painted portraits ranged along the walls, seem I his muscular iraine and hard features, or heard his sten- to till this chapel with solemn utterances and I torian voice,or were beaten down by his unadorned awn- impressive thoughts. mem. thouxht him in temper harsh, or in spirit uakincfiv j they knew him not; to ids friends, to all who. knew him ' Soldiers! (said before the great I in social life, or sought his counsel and sympathy, he was battle which decided the fate of Egypt)' | gentle anil kind and considerate. soldiers! from the summit of those Pyramids '• His truthfulness was remarkable, his theology very grine. He chose ever the most liberal policy, inclined I .g forty centuries look down upon you.” It was j to the most charitable judgement, hence fidelity in his a sublime and stimulating thought, well ealeu- j duties and frienbsldps was a distinguishing trait of his life in all his relations. kited to stir u i.ft ithe souls of the hearers to “His life was pure, grave, calm, consistent, industrious ! their lowest depths, Yet the centuries which anti kind.' k . looked down from those colossal structures I can add nothing. „ more,—, except-say to_sajr thatti the name' ; were centuries of ignorance, cruelty and grind¬ of that Provost was John Ludlow, I>. I)., LL. D. HiaB ing oppression, and the deeds to which those surviving family tender their thanks to the generous: I donors of the memorial window', while they are most* appealed to were stirred up were deeds of happy again to present to the University that portrait violence and bloodshed. But, to-day, I am w loch , even now, as I speak, seems to cast upon me a - |■ father’s. . W su.a.vsmile »..uand IVa father’sIWIUV1 >? blessing.tUVditlUf. . M able to say to this assembly, and especially to Having now finished the history of founder, Provost, ■ those who shall be students in these halls : Vice Provost, and Processor of the College and Universi-1 •' Many years of grand efforts and noble ty, whose portrait and memorial windows are hero kf-,,-;'. placed, let me call your attention very briefly to the ■ achievements for the good of our race look other memorial windows which grace the building, and down upon you from these wails, and should to the giils w hich adorn the library. stimulate you to fight the good tight of faith, The literary societies, fired with'a noble ambition,have ' each contributed a memorial window. The one. the and virtue, and patriotism and philanthropy. Philoniathcan, perpetuates its name and that of its found¬ Our own poet has said : ers from the year 1815.. The other, the Zelusophic, from the year 1SZ9, when it Lives of great men all remind us, was established. We may make our lives sublime, Loving hearts and willing hands have been busy here, tor the name and fame of a, trustee who held, office for And departing, leave behind us nearly 61 years (from 1774,. to 1835), that venerable and £&■ Foot-prints on the sands of time— ever to-be-beloved servant of Hod, Bishop White, lives Foot-prints that perhaps another. here, and so, too, does the name and fame of a success ir, £ another trustee, the godly and well learned Bisium Sailing o’er life’s solemn main, Potter. * ’ A forlorn and shinwreeked brother, As you ascend the stairway you will observe a most "J, beautiful window. Its story is a simple one, and its. Ins-! Seeing, shall take' heart again. sou instructive. Fraternal affection has there adorned ■ The lives of great and good men are here this building with a costly work of art, which preserves the name and commemorates the virtues of Alexander1 ' recalled by this noble gift of colored glass and Benson, Jr. , pictured canvass. May we not hope that they Valuable collections of books have recently beenpre-1,- If .... will have the influence they ought to exer¬ sented to the University by the families of the late'Ste¬ phen Colwell. Esij.: the late Evans Rogers, Esa., and the cise, and.gloriously fulfill the expectation of Paat« Hr. Charles M. Wetherill, who died suddenly, and the poet ? who therefore did not live to enjoy the fruit of his own In behalf, therefore, of the Trustees of the labor, or to impart to his pupils and to the nation,tho knowledge which he possessed, and which, had already University, I agaim thank the generous do- made him eminent in the scientific world. Bors. Portraits of the first and last named gentlemen, and a bronze bust of the lamented Evans Rogers, Esq,, accom,- Conclusion. panied the gifts, and will be placed ia die library of the At the conclusion of Rev. Dr. Morton’s ad institution. And now, on behalf of the several donors, I present dress a-benediction was pronounced . by Rev these precious memorials to the-Board of Trustees of the Dr. Beadle, and the audience-separated. University of Pennsylvania- ; Mi The University has entered upon anew era. Its learned, Provost (to whom I acknowledge iny obligations for most interesting information in regard to the.College) and its able professors stand ready to sustain and advance its well-earned reputation. Kindred institutions elsewhere have npble histories, and can point with pride to the eminent men who have, from the remotest period, been associated with them. The University of Pennsylvania only remembers tho past, and with assured hops looks into tho future, and where is the man who, as he calmly surveys the-mighty influence produced upon the human mind.in timaand for all eternity, bv cue such institution ns this, will refiisa with the speaker to exclaim, Esto Etrpe’.ua.. The Acceptance, An old Revolutionary landmark that is Rev. Dr. Morton, on behalf of the Trustees,. * I accepted the memorial windows.and portraits. fast crumbling away, and which for maDy | in the following remarks : years has attracted much attention, is the In behalf of the Trustees of the University of Unruh House, standing south of Gorgas I Pennsylvania, 1 accept, with thanks, the value, i ] able gift now offered. Jane and near the Wingohocking creek. . t That gift owes its value not only to its in It was used as a hospital for wounded sol¬ Itrinsic worth, but also to the nnoeless asso~. Jciations which cluster around it. Consisting diers after the battle of Germantown. jas it does of “ memorials” of' great and sj

PKOUD HISTORICAL RECORDS. T„»U« t0r/Cal Sketch of the Parish Tlio history of tiie company is replete wards cafledatneSChur1ch0ffT,lat' Was afte11* with occurrences of individual and or- herd was begun In Angus” iw ^vm^15* orgaimed bravery. On the night of, Joseph M. Christian and William r “®“rs‘ a hall at Frankford avenue and v i?rdltf-ln September 7, _ 1806, when the Union The school lucreaseri «n *°rJi street, League caught tire, it was “Nick” Blun- that Us meeting place was^lf lu “umbera dm, ot No. 12, who saved the great other hall at Fraukior i chan£eci to an- if- United States Hag, waving proudly over street. In a luile while the” Adaala the sea of fire and flame; and in many scholars desired thatZ 1 part'nts ol the be held regularly. The him ^rvJ,ces should othei instances members of the Frank- W. Wax ton. then the r m ’ tde R^.Lr. j. lm Company made names lor them- oi the Advent at Vor^ r °f the Murcia chityS ^ feal’lessuess 01 action while on wood street”1' became uT™ Butlon- tor, and held a l l nominal Rec- Curing the warof 1848 the Cadwallader afternoon in each ml?k one Sunday composed ah services was held bv The other solely oi Franklin “boys,” who erts, who was minil Hev- A. A. Rick- Mexico I^f.. Cm7‘ <4 «ty of two years. The MIsslon har-e for nearly fl'Hllnnij.m" !• uun”s the Rebellion ‘200 a parish In 1SS9 under as 01'sfulzecl into ^ ,n t l.ds horn the company fiiruroii Church of the Good Biiei-ih^a P,116 of ‘‘the on the Union volunteer rolls. “ of Mr. Rickerts berm. pberd- The health

FITTINGLY COMMEMORATED. that he was obliged “reMifn^h^ ltupalred Dr. Ciaxton withdrew hi,"! work> aud Magistrate Clarke presided over the the parish in lK7t> n c°unectlon with ban(,ue. last night, at BrusstarN, Ninth ‘ A. Goomelmw,18^1”^^; fey- John - and .Spring Garden streets. A fireman’s called. It was in D . 1 Kector, to be latter took chaise a^d’ that tha fldvArf ’ 'J.* ‘■a!-’aw7»s mouth filled with few.u,,S above the table, the alter wards a frame ’„k d, ttlree “onthg used as the S h P61’ Wklcd ls a°w ana .nU at,or'»ed the windows, ground on whtch it wasS6' W3S bUilt- Tda jjr «tH over the wadis were suspended up on ground rent “ was,erecled was taken !e?. S"sh‘“’K1-re“'-v h“s «* u»V3Sr at 6 per cen t. Xteaifmia ?°lpal Deln” 97000 heavy burden upon theU la'erest Proved a the first reduction of the nrinM10^erS’ aud • s?.a x at o per cent, was nm Pilocipal to 86500, aiterwards. Four years la?6 unul 10 Fears '»« "■”» about foVt.v- stimulus ot the Northeast'Con’ mrouStl the otherSliOO was ! Convocation, an- tbe next year ^issr&fsss tlrely liquidated. Iu l*® !®^ et“ wav Ti r .Johnson, Cyrus Holio- lund was started, but when iMhart*1 housa about$1300 it was deemed bist^m a,aC?ea "' ' time the chapel as a parish m 1 Jtlllz4la this amount lormedthe nuMa f’ and so building fund. The ®US °f a church at ouce great enthusiasm ^nd Pthe f cr®ated creased so rapidly that Lhfi Ro tlle fund in- entered into a contract for )?®ctorarict Vestry Wm. ScauHn1 Leonard Laner, old bulluiug to the rear of i h! fe“oval of tb« Allen, Timothy M(.Carth?lgw\ M S' ber, 1890. During the next month *°ptem’ Lob lie, Thom, v ^ alter H. . church edifice was starmn P the new Coleman WflVini'>' Frederick II. drawn by T. Frank Miller and Yh^ Plana Kennedy M?Cn» St^Pf.Jame" De;.llP, stone was Jaid tu- rh« m 5* and corner- ■Noveinber 16*. The Rev nP ^ diocese uell. the Dean ot the'Mi,VCC°n- tlon, and the Rev. Dr J s' to Convoca- of Grace Church? made 6’ KeCtor reudered If, blue of the United States, was Philadelphia __ - ■_-v-./_m j cuoirb of this city. The buildiug was first j born. His home was here and the child he' occupied, for public worship ou the first Sun- | loved is here. The despatches and the papers j day in July, 1891, the Rector preaching the | tell of him as the boatswain’s mate, not as I sermon in the morning and the Rev. Dr. the sailor ’prentice boy who; sixteen to the William M. Jefferis, itoctor of the day, walked aboard the training-ship Ports¬ Church of the Nativity In the evening. It mouth at League Island Feb. 10. twelve consists of a sanctuary, chancel, nave, years ago. Ills brother says he was a hand¬ three aisles, vestry room, organ chamber, tower and porch. The outside length is 90 some lad. His picture speaks for him after feet, its width 45 feet. The ceiling is open i'wards. to the ridge, and is divided into panels by He aid his best to get ahead lnYheTwolj the open timbers. All the furniture in tbs years he was learning to be a nsan-of-w ai s- sanctuary constitute “The Schlichter Mem¬ man. His medal of merit later on shows that ^ orial;” the stalls are in memory of the father and mother of the Accounting War¬ he had “ Fidelity, Zeal and Obedience ” for den, Mr. F. Jt*. Buckley; the brass lectern his motto. He won it when he was a full sea- .. in memory of Mrs. William Scott; the man on the Tennessee. She was the flagship brass pulpit ot Miss Annie Beil; the chancel of the North Atlantic squadron then, and he window ol Mr. and Mrs. James Wilbraham; gave his services the fuil cruise—three years. J the stone lront of T. Cardon Smith. All the Ue liked the water aud the flag he sailed un- . 1 windows are filled with rich, warm tints oi der so well that immediate re-enlistment v; stained glass, and most of them are mem¬ orials. The wood work of the interior is came to him naturally. chestnut, and the seating capacity As of the old vessel he was sent to the tcr- of the building is lor 50U persous. I pedo station In Newport harbor for advanced The tower is 90 leetin height and has a sweet instruction. Successful again, he was pushed toued bell, weighing 828 pounds. A year ago j on to the gunnery school at Washington, and a $2000 Roosevelt organ was placed in the i there he;gained the skill to make the model church, and the recent payment of several . that his brother prizes, a miniature of the six- | notes, given as part payment for the same, made it possible to consecrate the church to inch rifle, with Its sniffing barrel on a land the worship of Almighty God. Rich and carriage instead of the sea rest. poor, young and old united, and God blessed From the Government shops he Joined |the their labors and gifts. The cost of the church Galena, and when he returned again It was was about 524,000, and the entire property is on Thanksgiving Eve in 1889, and for the valued at 540,000. During the nineteen years last time. He lived during the short shore of Mr. Goodfellow’s incumbency, be has baptized 1143 adults andchildren, solemnized spell—telling his sea yarns to the curly- 443 marriages, presented 361 persons for con¬ haired nephew who hore his name and whom firmation and officiated at 805 funerals. he idolized—with his brother, John I. Rlggln, There are about 250 communicants. of the gas works, and the latter’s wlf%| at their cheerful home, 2914 Master street. It was within this visit that the double por¬ trait, enlarged la crayon, was taken. He did not remain long, though there were also the ties ot sisters to keep him from the sea. The old longing brought him to tho Baltimore for his Inst voyage. He was with her nearly two years until, stabbed in the back by the mob, shot In the throat by the police, he gave up Ids life to the hatred of the enemies of his I country. , „ ... I His brother told of his career last night. He had received among otlmr papers for¬ warded a letter from the commander of the I sBId. It is worth reproducing because of the spirit it breathes. „ “ it Is with feelings of the greatest sorrow, writes Capt-. W. S. schley, “ that 1 have to v.ts Capt Schley: “ His Name and communicate to you the death of your brother, Boatswain’s Mate Charles W. Biggin, while on his liberty at this place. His tragic Worth Will Not Be Forgotten.” death at the hands oi a mob embittered against all Americans has left a wound In T-iie hearts of his shipmates that may not soon heal, and the time will soon come when HIS OWN PROPHECY OF HOW CHILI ! it will be avenged by all who remember his I worth and his genial good manners. 1 feel MAY ANSWER HIS MURDER. ' more than ordinary sorrow as the command¬ ing officer in being the messenger of such sad intelligence to you, but 1 can assure you that his name and his worth will not be forgotten The Baltimore’s Boatswain’s Mate Was a-; long as Honor her records keep.” *• There Is another letter penned by the B Philadelphian-He Entered the boatswain's mate himself during the heat of the revolution against Baltnaceda. It also Navy When Only Sixteen - The Indicates what Americans have suffered m Nephew He Idolized-The Medal He Chill. « i think it might interest you,” he says, Earned When on Board the Ten- “to hear something of the war here. Valpa¬ nessee—Work In Washington, raiso was captured on the 2St.h by the rebels after a terrible light. But It would never have been taken, only that the Government t From the Ph iladelphia Inquirer. ] troops deserted by the wholesale to the other Few knew him here except his brother and s’de. The feeling against the Government Is his sisters, yet Charles W. Biggin, one of the intense. We are the only nation standing bv them. The harbor Is full of foreign nien-of- victims of the Chilian crime, murdere^.in the, war and all the shins are loaded with rei'u- streets of Vaipairaso while he wore th. n. , gees. We are crowded. It was a great slgnt to see the city captured, but the slaughter was simply awrul. Every one captured is killed. They don’t know what paroling a From prl ioner Is clown here. •• Talk about the reeling against us! All the other warships get cheered, but we are hissed and cursed. But we can stand It. We have got 100 men ashore protecting the • American Consulate, and if they harm a ha.r . ot any or their heads there will be trouble. I We know what It Is to have a good lighting Date, I shin. They call us the ‘White Devil,’and I well they may.” Biggin’s brother and sisters. Mrs. Mary I Zimmerman and Mrs. Ellen Matthews have A HOUSE WITH. A HISTORY. administered upon the affairs or tlielr dead relative, and have, at the request ol the Navy It Is Over 300 Years OI«l ani’. tlie I Department, forwarded to Washington his " ;charge papers ot former cruisers and other Deed Bears Perm’s Own Name. locuments. One of +he oldest—if not the old os t The medal which he earned on the Tennes- house in the lower section os the city is the little three-story building, No. 30 South street. It is now owned stud occupied by 1 with the words, “ Fidelity, Zeal, Obedience.” Mrs. Catherine Stanley, who holds a deed On the reverse is the figure of the old shin which has descended through many hands Constitutlou inclosed in a circle of chain and from Josiah Wharton, the first owner. , anchor. The body of the boatswain’s mate lies with This deed is of parchment, and sets forth | that of William Turnbull, his fellow victim. in antiquated phraseology the fact that on In the British Cemetery at Valparaiso. A the tenth day of May, 1089, Josiah Whar¬ monument has been placed over their grave ton became proprietor and owner of the by the officers and men of the Baltimore. iproperty in question, The document is signed by William Penn himself. I The building was origii ally of one and j a half stories, solidly bui.-. ox" old English ] brick. It was subsequently altereu and j added to, but the interior has undergone ; but little change. The cellar consists of a series of heavily-arched vauHc. which La-.\ remained undisturbed in its two centuries wig

ojpSr*The pxtenor has been -greatly j changed from time to time, according to •f’WV. ^ the whines of the various owners. Over a hundred years ago the building was known as the Monument House, ana 1 was a favorite resort among the British officers when the city was in their hands ! during the F.evolutiob. General Gage! THE FIRST COMPANY I3ST gave a banquet in the house shortly before the evacuation by liis troops, and less than THIS CITY. a month later the same banquet hall was ; occupied by the officers of the Colonial ! army, who there celebrated the recapture Quaint Old “Hand-ln-Iland” Which of the city. Early in the present century the old inn George 1H Permitted to underwent a complete metamorphosis, and became a ship chandler’s shop. It was Ho Business. / next occupied as a tavern by Arthur Nug¬ ent,_ who continued in possession until That Philadelphia may boast of the 1865. It then became a grocery store first insuranee company ever established boaring house, china store, junk-shop and in America and which is still in active candy store in rapid succession. Sixteen ' operation may be a years ago Mrs. Stanley bought the house matter of surprise and opened a store for the sale of clothing I and interest to thous¬ I and oil-skin garments. The old house is I ands. The company I all 11 in (rnofi r^noir I k known in full as “ The Philadelphia Contributions hip for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire,” but is probably better known as the “Hand-in-Hand,” from the seal rep¬ resenting four clasped hands. The com¬ pany was organized on the second Monday in April, 1752. At that time not an in¬ habitant of the city possessed a dollar of indemnity against the loss of his dwelling First of the Historical Society’s Series of by lire. Previous to that date insurance Keceplions. by either companies or individuals against The first of this year’s series of the always loss to buildings by fire was unknown. popular receptions of the Historical Society Marine insurance was practiced a? early was given last evening, In the assembly as 1721, but policies against fire were un¬ rooms of the society’s building. known. There was a large attendance of members and an unusual number of guests. Among ORGANIZED BY CITY FOREFATHERS. the guests were Edmund Clarence SLedmau The organizers of 'be company were and most of the members of the Assay Com¬ practically the forefathers of the city, and mission, now In the city. the ancestors of many well-known Phila¬ Others present were Dr. D. Q. Brlnton, delphia families of to-day. The manner Rev. Dr. Macintosh, John Baird, Dr. Geo. was very simple and direct. Two or three Home, Prof. Geo. F. Barker, Judge Biddle, persons of activity, no doubt, and of suf¬ Samuel Hollingsworth, George Haidlug, ficient esteem in the city, caused to be pre¬ Dr. John Hall, Brlnton Cox, Dr. James pared the articles of association and agree¬ AlacAllster, Craig D. Ritchie, Col. M. Rich¬ ment, creating the company, and declar¬ ards Muckl6, Paul Bush, Joel Cook, Prof. ing the terms and conditions upon which Angelo Heilprln, Dr. Benjamin Sharp, they would insure the houses and build¬ Lieutenant Mason, U.S. N., Henry Bentley, ings of each other, in and near the city of Thomas H. Dudley, J. Sargeant Price, Heury C. Terry, Joseph P. Mumford, Philadelphia, against loss by fire, and the Wililam H. Rhawn, Dr. S. P. Getchell, Colonel Samuel Bell, Abram Patterson, General L. Merrill, J. Lucas,F. H. Williams, Collins W. Walton, Dr. Levick, Chas. \V. Foulk, Francis L. Bacon, W. N. Ely, Rev. Dr. Stevenson, Prof. H. C. Johnson, Joseph S. Patterson, J. N. Pass- more, W. Dalllba Dutton, Joseph N. Wil¬ son, John E. Clark, J. Roberts Foulk, I M. D. Davis, Thomas C. Gillespie, Charles Roberts, Seth B. Stitt, Edward H. Coates and ex-Judge Watson, of Doylestown. 1

AN HISTORIC REEL. extent and limitation of the liability of the association for the loss. These articles of agreement they called a deed of settlement, and it was to be signed at first by all who were willing to insure with the company; and after the first election of directors and treasurer, who were to be chosen annually V 5> t jior the government of the Company, by houses with trees in'TPom ot tnem, claim¬ all who should in fact, insure with them. ing that the branches interfered with the This deed of settlement is as curious a work of quenching the flames. Many cit¬ document as is in existence. It is at present izens were anxious to insure, but did not in tiie possession of .Tames Somers Smith, care to sacrifice their trees. As an out¬ secretary of the company, at his office and growth of this state of affairs the Green dwelling, No. 213 South Fourth street. It Tree Company was organized. V consists of the articles of agreement, writ¬ ten on parchment, to which are appended the signatures of every policy holder up to the year 1840, and many who have insured .c&... pater, and who have inscribed their names |to the curious document. The parchment ps in a long roll, which, by a clever con¬ trivance. has been placed upon a reel, and jean be turned either backward or forward 'by a couple of cranks. The signatures are ■in a fine state of preservation, and the en¬ tire manuscript is perfectly intact. ADVERTISING FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS. r EARLY BAIL50ADING IN PENNSYLVANIA { After this initial paper had been signed with such names and to such an extent as Cordial Relations of Employer and Pin- It o have weight and influence with the in- ployed. Ihabiiants an advertisement was published on the 18th of February, 1852, in the The Ledger has been given the privilege Pennsylvania Gazette, a weekly newspaper j of reading a letter, which is of public Interest published by Benjamin Franklin and (from several points of view, and parts of which are published below. David Kali, inviting subscriptions gener¬ The letter, which is of recent date, Is from ally. This was its tenor: “All persons in¬ Jan old employe of the Pennsylvania Rail-v clined to subscribe to the articles of in¬ road Company to Mr. George B. Roberts, surance of houses from fire, in and near 1 j i resident ot that Company. It is filled with the city, are desired to appear at the Court attractive reminiscences of the Inception House, w here attendance will be given to jand construction of that and other earlv take in their subscriptions every seventh railroads. day of the month." j To the Ledger, however, its greatest at. . The first name subscribed was that of | j tractiveness lies in the view it presents oi Jnnito Hamilton Lieutenant Governor of 1 ttia exceedingly friendly relations which ar< Penn°'.'ivania. The next signature was maintained between President Roberts’s that -M Benjamin Franklin. His name Company and its employes. It is one of tb« stood also at the. head of directors chosen i nical fictions of tlic law that corporations at the first, election. They were Benjamin have no souls, but the employes letter whica Franklin, William Coleman, Philip Syng, follows confutes this cynicism, and proves l Samuel Rhoads, Hugh Roberts, Israel that at least one corporation has both a soul Pemberton, Jr., John Mifflin, Joseph Mor¬ |and a heart, for else it could not liaveem- ris, Joseph Fox, Jonathan Zane, William 1 plov6s such as the writer of this letter, whosa Grifiitts and Amos Strettell; a list which devotion to it is as creditable to him as to | the Company. contains names of some of the most re¬ spected citizens of Philadelphia, whose de¬ j An°ther interesting feature ot this corre- scendants are still among us. The first , spondence is the manliness, independence treasurer chosen for the same period was and self-poise ot President Roberts’s corre- John Smith. j spondent, who, with rare dignity and j simple consciousness of his own worth and In addition to the deed of settlement | f.is recoguition of Mr. Roberts’s appreciaf Mr. Smith has in his possession several tion of it, places himself upon the sum/ other interesting documents. Among these | p atform with the chief officer of his coir/ are two policies, one dated 1752 and the pany as au old triend aud co- worker in thf other 1766. Another parchment w’hich building of the same great enterprise. 7 has withstood the hand of time is the The following is an abstract of the lett/ official permit from George III granting ent-16 PeDusylvania Company’scorrespond the company the right to conduct the business. It is dated “at the Court of St. G. B. Roberts, Esq., President, Penn- ' James,” and beyond being slightly discol¬ sylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa.-My ored is in perfect condition. Bear Sir: Pardon me for thus intruding A SIGN THAT KINDLED EFFORT, UP°!1 your notice, but having passed my both mile post in life’s journey, and lay¬ During all the years which the company ing ofi trom active duties, my mind natur- has been in operation, it has had but, one ahyruns over the past; the history of the C. lawsuit, and that favorable to the com¬ and p. Railroad and its old managers form pany. In many of the older dwelling no small space therein. portions ot the city, many of the houses When X reflect that within the past year still bear the iron sign of the company. In three of its earliest and most noted man¬ the old days, each house was provided agers have passed away, viz.: James Farm- t with fire buckets, and the cornnany, being er, John Durand and our beloved J. N purely mutual, every policy holder in the McCullough, and all under whom I had the neighborhood would turn ' out to a fire. honor ofacti ng, a gloom naturally passes ovei When the burning building bore the sign the mind. They were all,my special mends. , of the Hand-in-Hand, redoubled efforts By the way, just 61 years ago, Mr. McCui- i would be made to save the property. lough was one of my young pupils while ; Mr. Smith tells an interesting bit of his¬ teaching school. He was a bright boy and ' tory in connection with the organization most brilliant man, and his loss to the rail- ot the Green Tree Fire Insurance Compa¬ load interest and the country and family 1 ny, which is still in operation in the city. was great. y The Hand-In-Hand refused to insure any The history of this road is full of interest. 20

I assisted Hi securing tne fTght ot way at this end, saved lawsuits, purchased many thousands of cross-ties and stood sponsor for their payment, and then paid for them 1 out of my own tunds and waited on the road till it could pay. Its stock was down to $3 on tlie 5100. While I was assuming and pay¬ ing its debts to the amount of thousands ol dollars for ties and fuel, Mr. McUullough, although a director at the same time, told methatlwus running a great risk. Still I had laitli and never wavered, and all finally came out right. I have stood tor it In its poverty and been its servant as its agent lacking a little over two months of 40 years. Have lurnished ground room all these years tor cross-ties and mmber, and all iree, noth¬ ing too much lor the accommodation oi the road. I know all about the history of the Penn¬ sylvania road, not financially, however, but . its building, and travelled over it when ! M OEM of tie Elm Oilier I lid trains were hauled to the city by horses from its far end. When me road was made Penn Me tie Treaty. ironi Philadelphia to Germantown, the first or opening trip was attempted to be made on Sunday with a pony engine. When about three miles out the pony flew the BACK TO PENNSYLVANIA SOIL track and laid down. We were compelled, to foot it back to the city and let the pony lay. Sixty years ago tne past fall I passed A Traction Company Reaching Out. : over 13 miles of the Baltimore and Ohio road behind two horses, tandem. A year and a District Republican Organization. half later, 60 miles to Frederick, behind the Field’s Trial—McDermott Must same kind of power, 10 miles an hour. Pony engines from that to Cumberland—stages Pay His Client—Otber New York} from that to Brownsville. News. I travelled, by canal through Pennsylva¬ nia to Pittsburg, less the distance from By Special Lons Distance Telephone. Johnstown to Hollidaysburgh over tha The Inquirer Bureau. j| Portage. I passed over the Alleghenies 26 times in stages before any through railroad. New Yore, Feb. 20. It took 72 hours to pass from Pittsburg to The celebrated “Penn Elm” which has Philadelphia. Before any canal was made I shipped 800 barrels of flour one winter stood for titty years on the Olive estate | from Pittsburg to Philadelphia by wagon, on the shore road, Bay Ridge, was yes - i the freight on which was $2400, being $3 per terday carefully uprooted and to-morrow j barrel. That was called back loading (Con¬ will be taken to its native home in ! estoga wagons, six horses and bells). My Pennsylvania. A gang of workmen I first load of goods, 60 years past, cost $4 per 100 pounds from Philadelphia to Pittsburg. was busy to-day with heavy tackle put¬ Compare rates of freight and speed of ting tlie big trunk on a truck and plac¬ travel and there is quite a contrast. Having ing^ the valuable relic on a lighter at the handled Uncle Barn’s mail bags tor over 61 foot of Ninety-second street. It will be 1 years consecutively I have laken two bush¬ towed to the dock of the Central Rail- j els of oats or tour pounds of butter or five road of and there placed on j dozens of eggs or two bushels ot potatoes tor a letter that came 400 or more miles. I name three fiat cars to be taken to Laurel Run,j these lacts because you are a railroad man Pa. and know what railroads have done. I This old oak has a quaint history. Jt know all the changes for the past 65 years, crew from a small section ot the root ot having been in them. the Penn treaty tree. In 1842 Nicholas The good railroad company from Its In¬ YanDusen, the wealthy land owner ol ception has always been very kind to me Kensington, Philadelphia, on whose all these long years. ground the Penn treaty tree stood, al¬ On account of my deafness I do not go lowed his son, Washington YanDusen, abroad as of yore. Never forgetting your to cut a small partofthe root of tne tree kindness, and wishing you long life and and take it to his home at Bay Ridge. physical powers to perform the arduous du¬ The little slip prospered with caretu ties of railroad life, which will stick till th< nurturing, and alter many years tow Infirmities of age will compel you to droy ered above the surrounding grove as them, your sincere friend, proud of its noble progenitor. ' W. B. W., The old Yan Dusen farm in Bay Ridge Agent Penna. Railroad Co. became the historic Oliver estate, near President Roberts, speaking of his corre- 1 i spondent, says: “Ho is one of the old men which the famous Mosher tragedy ot the ! in ttie employ of our company of whom wa Charley Ross case occurred. It is now have now so many. His is the winding up the property of General Paul A. Oliver, of a faithful life devoted to the company.” who, on removing from the old home¬ Mr. Roberts has been himself a long time in stead two years ago, decided to ask the the service of the company of which he la opinion of leading gardeners as to the aDle President, he having entered it 4] whether it would he feasible to remove years ago, and for 30 years his service has the stately elm and transplant it entire, been continuous. I root trunk and branches, to his Penn¬ sylvania home. The Oliver farm was ' sold, but in' on!or to keep ^ossessson 6f the relic, General Oliver retained two The quavering, thin-voiced bell of quaint acres of ground about the old homestead. old Christ Church rang out vigorously and He spent, many of his leisure hours in joyously yesterday morning, heralding a: boyhood finder the old elm watching the special and sacred service in memory of the ships sailing through the Narrows, and I birth of Washington. Decorations there he had a great affection-and reverence; •lor the old relic ot the Indian treaty- j were none, save the simply draped Ameri- maker. I can flag, and a few cut flowers on the eban- The original Penn treaty tree on the cel. Van Dusen estate at Kensington be¬ j The old church unadorned was adorned came so valuable and so highly prized i the more. Even the pew of Washington by relic hunters that the family found it was devoid of decoration of any kind, ex¬ necessary to have a guard placed about cept such as imagination kept wreathing the premises to prevent its destruction. It was finally decided to pull the old tree about and heaping upon it. It was fitting down, and the trunk and branches were that the preacher should be the chaplain made into chairs and other articles, most general of the Order of Cincinnati, which; of which became the property of the Oli¬ Washington himself founded, and the only1 ver estate by hereditary right. At pres¬ bishop in the Episcopal Church who is a ent only one of the old chairs is in exis¬ ; member of that order. Right Rev. W. tence, and according to General Oli¬ | Stevens Perry, D. D., L. L. D., D. C. S., ver it is in the study of his big mansion Bishop of Iowa. The rector of the parish, j1 at Laurel Run. Rev. Dr. C. Ellis Stevens, also a member The Bay Ridge “Penn Elm” is the of the order, and Rev. d’Estaing Jennings, only tree the original of which can be ; assisted at the services. The subject of traced positively to the old Penn Treaty Bishop Perry’s sermon was “The Relation tree. It stood over seventy feet in j of Christchurch to the Revolution.” height and was one of the most staetly He took as his text, II Chronicles, xxix, trees to be found anywhere. The j 6. “Sanctify now yourselves and sanctify tree is 24 inches in diameter. Wooden the house of the Lord God of your fath¬ pegs have been driven into the trunk ers.” Exodus iii, 5 “Put off thy shoes and around these the roots were twined from off thy feet, tor the place whereon and massed. The entire trunk has been thou standest is holy ground,” and Acts of: covered with bagging and all the ! the Apostles, vii, 33, 1 ‘Then said the Lord branches have been so protected as to to him : ‘Pull off thy shoes from thy feet,, j prevent the loss of the sap. for the place where thou standest is holy | ground.” THE BISHOP’S EFFORT. Bishop Perry said: “In this,‘the house of the Lord God of our fathers,’ we cannot, fail to remember that ‘the place whereon we stand is holy ground.’ This venerable shrine, dating its building and its opening for sacred uses back to the days when there ; I were no bishops in the land to consecrate ; I our churches, is still hallowed, though the j accustomed forms of dedication may have been lacking at the first, and may not yet! have been supplied. The very ground cov- ! ered by this stately pile wherein the re- j mains of our patriot and sainted sires were 1 laid to rest is God’s own aore. “These walls, which have echoed the : ! Bishop Perry, of Iowa, Reviews lessons of duty—the duty to God and neigh- ! bor, of Christian and citizen alike, are. j Its History and Its Hallowed sacred. These pews where the great and good of Church and State have gathered in Memories. the past to kneel in prayer for national or ind vidual deliverances and mercies or to tender thanks and praise for blessings vouchsafed to the people and the land are RELATIONS TO THE REVOLUTION,, consecrated. The very fabric, the willing offering of personal devotion is dedicated though not by human rites. These stones l stand here as they have long stood and will The Faneuil Hall of Philadelphia. j long remain ‘for a memorial.’ ‘ ’Among the legends attaching to, the first; The Part-Churchmen Played in | church erected, on the site, where in after ! years Edward, saint and confessor, built the 1 Making’ the Country’s His¬ I ‘CollegrateChurch, or Abbey of St. Peter’, bet- i j ter known asWestminsterAbbey.is one which tory—Other Sermons has its lesson for uswho are assembled here..' | It was on thq eve of the day fixed by MeK Commemorative of litus, first hi-hop of London, for the conse-’ ! oration of KingSebert’s religious house and Washington’s church on the Me of Thoms, thatEdrie, the fisherman, was casting his nets in the Birthday. t Thames. Across the stream, where Lam- ’ betti now stands, an unwonted light at¬ tracted the fisherman’s notice. On "rowing to the spot he found a venerable person clad in a garb strange to English eyes, who desired to be ferried over the waters. On landing on the other side the strange visitor ty wherewith Christ dot proceeded directly to the church. Suddenly Church must ever he fo the heavens were illumined with a won¬ freedom, stoutly maintai drous splendor. The Church of Sebert stood inalienable and true, of u out against the sky, clearly defined ‘with¬ was through these uplifting and eo out. darkness or shadow,’ The angelic host influences of the Church that ir filled the air, as seen by the patriarch’s ages of man’s history, when eye, ascending and descending to and from power and brutish force made mi the heavenly home. Sweet odors were as nght, the son of the serf, baptize borne on the midnight breeze. darned, consecrated to holy offices, “The church was all aglow with blazing forth before the world as the peer , torches and candles and the consecration sovereign, the leader of men, the mp, rites were duly and solemnly performed by the stranger, assisted by other mysterious ab8S’chrisrCegerent °f the U“’ ** I beings from above. To the awe-struck fish¬ “Magna Charta was the gift of England’s ! erman was vouchsafed the confidence of the Church, through that Church’s primate and officiant at this midnight function. ‘I am by the pewm-Te wffildeT. —e English“d j 1 Peter, keeper of the keys of heaven,’ said' „nation . and the English race. Our own the stranger, ‘when Mellitus arrives to-mor¬ STOr? VkJ7 ,ten7t0/y discovered not row tell him what you have seen and show by Columbus but by Cabot, sailing under him the token that I, St. Peter, have con¬ England’s flag, settled, too, by the secrated my own Church of Saint Peter, churchmen and statesmen of Elizabeth’s Westminster and have anticipated the Bishop reign, who shared the national hatred of of London. ’ Adding a blessing on the fish¬ '[Spain and Rome and sought to found in erman, the Saint and his companion disap- | the western world an English Church and peared. j an English Commonwealth, owes its exis¬ “On the morrow, when bishop and king ' tence, its institutions, all that has made it came at the appointed time for the dedica- , great and glorious to, its English origin and tion of the church to St. Peter, Edric met its English antecedents, shaped and in¬ them at the door with the apostle’s message. fluenced as they were by England’s Church. The marks of the consecration were plainly It is well for us to remember as we seek to there. One could see ‘the twelve'crosses on 1 acquaint us with*'our country’s past, that the church’ and ‘the walls within and with¬ as a people we owe nothing to Spain apd out moistened with holy water.’ There Rome. were ‘the traces of the oil and (chiefest of God gave to the Latin race and to the the miracles, if we may credit the old-time [ Latin Christianity its opportunity to develop chrhnicles) the dropping of the angelic can- 1 | nationalities and to reproduce the Latin dies.’ Astounded, but convinced,the bishop faith and Church under exceptionally favor¬ retired, we are told, ‘satisfied that the able circumstances in the new world. To dedication had been performed suf¬ this end treasure and toil were lavishly ficiently—better ana in a more saintly [bestowed. Fertility of soil, unlimited fashion than a hundred such as mineral resources, every agreeable variety lie could have done.’ The tale we have of climate, invited settlers to an earthly narrated is told of other shrines in other paradise. The Church of Rome entered lands as well. It has, as Stanley, the his¬ upon the work of securing the Continent for torian of the Abbey, reminds us, ‘the merit the Latin Church and faith with an intensity containing a lurking protest _against the of purpose and abundance of emissaries necessity of external benediction for things 1 and the willing support of the constituted or persons sacred by their own intrinsic authorities at home and on the spot. Noth¬ virtue—a covert declaration of this great ing was wanting to make these efforts a Catholic principle, that God’s grace is not success. tied to outward forms. ’ It echoes the em¬ “Far to the North, on shores ice-bound blematic teaching of the heavenly vision in Winter, rocky, sterile and forbidding all revealed to St. Peter’s inner sense. ‘That the year round, with a rigorous climate and which God hath cleansed call not than com¬ a life struggle for bread facing the settlers mon.-’ from the start,the English Church and !State THE OLD CHURCH EULOGIZED. 1 essayed a like work, the founding in the new world of spiritual and political com¬ “The true consecration is from above, j monwealths, reproducing those at home. We God gives it sometimes independent of the i may note and compare the results. ordinary channels or usual instruments of ! THE RESULTS OF ANCESTRY. his imparted grace, and so it comes about' that ‘this house of the Lord God of our “Mexico and the republics of South Amer¬ fathers’ is consecrated to him. We stand ica are the outcome of the efforts begun by Columbus and the Spanish court and crown within these walls on ‘holy ground.’ The history of this parish, that annals of thiis 400 years ago, furthered then and ever - house of the Lord God of odr fathers, are since by all the pretensions and powers of those of this Commonwealth, this city, the the Papacy. We, the people of the United country itself. States,gratefully recognize in our place and “As we recall the past of Christ Church, power among the peoples of the earth the the mother church where we meet to-day results of our Adglo-Saxon ancestry, and and that of the associated parishes of so the institutions, religious and political, we many eventful years, we realize the close derive direotly from our mother race. The connection of this now venerable fane with free church in the free state—Magna Charta— the country’s victory, especially at the the English Constitution, the lupglish bill period of our strusgle tor independence. of rights, the English forms of law, the The Church has ever been ou the side of [ English Bible, the English Book of Com¬ freedom. The belief in the fatherhood of mon Prayer—these are the elements, the j God is akin to the acknowledgment of the : sources, the underlying strength of our I brotherhood of man. That body of Christ, i national existence—our vantage ground of which we are members in holy baptism, I from the beginning as citizens of the great knows no distinction,or race or caste. We republic of tne world. are members, one of another, and each and 1 ‘But the gift of Magna Charta is not all : all alike of Christ. Freemen in Christ, shar¬ that attests the share of England’s Church ing one with another and all alike the liber¬ in securing English liberty. We.may not discourses suitable to the occfSiOh voiv forget the stand for freedom taken.by the preached.’ A few days later, its'the ves¬ seven bishops whose constancy to their try records show, the ringing of the Christ Convictions of right made the. glorious i Church bells on the anniversary day of revolution of 1688 a possibility and a success. King Charles IPs restoration, was ordered We cannot, as American churchmen, forget i * discontinued. that the church’s prayers and the presence j THE FIRST CONGRESS. of the church’s priest consecrated in 1619 the first deliberative assembly of freemen ‘ ‘Early in August came by the Charleston convened on American soil, which met ‘ packet the delegates to the Continental Con¬ in the choir of the church at Jamestown gress from South Carolina while the slow where, rather than in the cabin of the lumbering stages, or private conveyances, Mayflower, when the social compact of the brought from New England and New York Tfllgrim Fathers was signed a year later ! the patriots who had been chosen by the we believe that the foundation stone of our popular assemblies to consult in this city of country’s liberties was laid. We cannot, as ! churchmen, forget that in the vestries of the country’s condition. One by one of Virginia and Maryland, resisting the in¬ the delegations were filled and by Septem - duction of clergymen whom the people had ber 5 all but the North Carolina deputies not chosen, but. were required by the civil •were on hand. Meeting in Carpenter’s Hail l and ecclesiastical law to receive and sup- I the Hon. Peyton Randolph, a Virginia* port, the preliminary struggles of the Rev- I Churchman and a vestryman, was c'fijsen president. olution took place, and men, churchmen such as we are to-day, were trained to prize “Of this famous body which shaped aiicf and labor for freedom. moulded the measures of the successive “We might even venture to assert that it Congresses of the united colonies the lead¬ was not at Lexington or Concord that the ing men were churchmen, more than two- first blood of patriots was shed in the thirds of those who- participated in the I straggle against despotic rule, but it was deliberations being known to be connected i more than a half century before, when in ; with the Church. We are all familiar with i Bacon’s rebellion the Virginia churchmen . the action of this Congress in inviting the j gave up their lives in a futile strife for I Rev. Jacob Duche of the united parishes liberty. The investigations of the present jot Christ Church and St. Peter’s to j day have freed the Church in America from r*KSn v..tlR deliberations with the Church s prayers; and the solemnity of j the charge of being inimical to the cause of | freedom. Puritan, Presbyterian and Realist this occasion and the earnestness of the ap¬ united in that straggle which won for us peal to Heaven then made by the repre¬ I our independence. Men of various faiths sentatives of the united colonies are well welding into one harmonious whole, all j desenbea in the well-known words of the who echoed the cry sounded forth in old St P“'TWi’i/0hl1 Adams from Massachusetts. John’s Church, Richmond, from Patrick , liadition pamts our Washington as Henry’s lips: ‘Give me liberty or give me | kneeling as the touching and appropriate death.’ I words of supplication ivere said by the fer- It is in no spirit of detraction that we vid young priest, But kneeling or standing remember that this whole structure of the | there were present at that invocation of old proprietary times, that the church and Heaven s presence and favor on the Ameri- its humbler predecessor and the existence can cuuse the patriot churchmen from New m this city of Brotherly Love of the wor¬ Engiand, New York, New Jersey from ship of the church are all due not so much Pennsylvania, and from Delaware, while to the tolerant views of the peaoe-lovitm Maryland Virginia, South Carolina a d' William Penn, but to that charter-clause at a later late North Carolina, sent church- permittingthe toleration of the English es¬ theniandy ^ Meetil^ of the Patriots of tablishment, in which was inserted in the “The congress of 1775, organized « ordinal patent of Penn, by the direction of the Bishop of London, in whose See the fore with Peyton Randolph,6 a churchman American colonies before the Revolution M*?vanVebryman’ at its Jlead* was opened were legally comprised. Religious liberty pries/of Christ?ld by the Patriot priest ot Chi 1st Cnurch eand Sr. Peter’s m Pennsylvania was thus in the church. “The Church of England secured a foot- Parson Duche. Of the members of this congress even more were churchmen than rag in Pennsylvania, and Christ Church was built. But we need not dwell upon the Chnvcif baSe the year , before. and Christ story of the early days, even of this present Church became, as it bad been from the building, now for a century and a half de¬ fhet9liCTtTr of parotic influences. On voted to sacred uses. We are to note, in S.e,?8d °| June, 1776, the celebrated Dr .William Smith, provost of the College and brief, the connection of Christ Church with the Revolution, giving to this old time Academy of Philadelphia, delivered in tbw shrine a hallowing, patriot and church¬ worthyi worthv aof ftheti0W manytluS pulpit utterances tbe most whichnote¬ man cannot fail to recognize. With touch¬ tiV?nP nfthe P?pnlar sentiment in the direc¬ ing simplicity does the Quaker Christo¬ tion of resistance to a:’" pher Marshall, in his diary, under rale. It_ was to this date of June 1, 1774, record as follows: Present Situation of American Arran ‘This being the day when the cruel act for ! blocking up the harbor of , took ef¬ /-jin/} to any other printed document of (he ; time thac, the clear understanding of the. fect. Many of the inhabitants of this eity position of our fathers in the view of Eng-’ ! to express their sympathy and to show their concern for then- suffering brethren in the 1 “Tlrif 4fencau sympathizers was due.6 ( .Inis utterance from this Christ Church | common cause of liberty, had their shops | shut up, their houses kept close from hurry and business; also the ring of bells at Christ - Church was muffled, and rung a solemn | peal at intervals from morning till night- j the colors of vessels in the harbor were I a^ half-mast high; the several bouses i of different worship were crowded when di- e , of an edition of 10 non i vine service was performed, and particular copies, which were . circulated. llJS "■'fc throughout Great Britain. A little later, July 7, -in the same historic church, were there. The citizens' Person. Duche-delivered a scarcely less to fall the heavy burdens of famous'discourse before the First Battalion the wives, the mothers, the of the City and Liberties of Philadelphia, more than any would feel on ‘The Duty of Standing Fast in our and sink beneath their awful Spiritual and Temporal Liberties;’ and a it was a gathering on that awful day * few weeks afterward another discourse on to be remembered. It was an epoch ir ‘The American Vine,’ which secured an the country’s history. It was the consecra¬ equal celebrity as full of patriotic senti¬ tion in this house of the Lord God of oui ments and counsel suited to the times. fathers, on this holy ground of all classes “The records of the united parishes reveal and conditions of men, to cause of freedom the history of this last discourse. On the Events moved rapidly. On the 7th of July fifteenth of June the aged rector of the Duche preached from this pulpit a sermon churches, the Eev. Dr. Prichard Peters, on the duty of standing fast in our spiritual convened the vestry, and called their atten¬ and temporal liberties which was animated tion to the recommendation of the Con¬ by the same spirit of devotion to liberty his tinental Congress that Thursday, July 20, earlier words had shown. The Eev hould he observed as a day of general Thomas Coombq, assistant minister of the mmiliation, fasting and prayer through all united churches, followed with a like im¬ ’ ri American provinces. On the rector’s passioned discourse. _uest for advice as to his conduct, -the I . “From this church, and borne down its "erty-loving spirit of the vestry and aisles by his fellow-statesmen and patriots ople of Christ Church and St. Peter’s Peyton Eandolph, first President urch was plainly shown. The record ot the Cont inental Congress, was carried to eds: ‘The vestry very readily told dim his burial. Soon, amidst the tolling of the they knew the sense of the congrega- bells, and with tue sad accompaniments of tiiL.^i: this matter, and assured him it tears and sobs and ail the show of heartfelt would be universally expected by them that grief, the dead of battle were brought within he should comply with the recommendation, yon doors and placed before the chancel and that if he did not it would give great gate for love’s last offices. Soon, on the offense. As this was the unanimous opinion eventful 4th of July, Eector Duche and of the vestry, the rector declared his own W arden Thomas Cuthbert, with Vestrymen sense of the matter, and announced that Jacob Duche, Robert Whyte, Charles Sted- there should be proper prayers and services man, Edmund Physick, James Biddle euitabledo such a solemn humiliation. ’ Peter DeHaven, James Eeynolds, and “Marshall, in the diary from which we Gerauus Clarkson met in consultation have already quoted, minutely details the and accommodated the daily offices of the I circumstances of this memorable day, on Book of Common Prayer to the act that very j which the appeal to heaven was made by morning consummated by the Congress in j the chosen representatives of the American , and thus this venerable j people ere the strife was fairly begun. ‘This parish was the first, by the actions of its 1 being the memorable day,’ writes Marshall, Constituted authorities,in the revision of the j ‘in which an unjust and cruel ministry took liturgy, to reorganize the freedom of the I away all our sea trade, as far as their invet- Church from foreign rule, as involved in I i VsJkjU/VOerate J^IUUWmalice could iVUVU,reach; the morning was the rreedom of the State. Soon, on the cool- ! i pleasant, fine sunshine, yet cool and agree- ing of Duche’s patriotism and the with¬ i able weather, although a melancholy ap¬ drawal of the rector and the Senior Assistant pearance presented, as all the houses and Cooinbe, the patriot White became the head shops in our neighborhood were shut, and of the patriotic congregation. Mercer, to appearance more still than a First Day brougnt in state from Princeton’s fatal produced, as there was no riding abroad, field, was buried from this church. visiting as is generally on First Day. Most hallowed by its uses. j families attended divine worship. I went j to Christ Church where an excellent sermon “Dating from that sunny day, the 8th of I was preached on the occasion from Psalm July, when brave John Nixon, a sturdy | xxx, 14, unto a large and crowded audi- churchman and patriot, read from the State j tory, among whom, I presume, all the dele- House steps the Declaration of Indepen¬ ! gates. It was an awful meeting, as num- dence, the gift to liberty and the world of a 11 hers of wet eyes demonstrated their atten¬ body two-thirds of which were members tion. There was nigh 200 of the military came up to church in their uniforms.’ of our beloved Church, there came solemn services of humiliation and prayer, sad A MOST MEMORABLE MEETING. burials where the dead were mourned for j ! “Would that we could paint the scene of .their services, civil or military, to the in¬ , this awful meeting. It was as to a spiritual fant United States; sacraments whence the 1 home that the great body of delegates came. patriot believer went forth to death,and now A number of them were regular attendants and then victory presaging the speeding end of all the travail and sorrow. or worshipers there. Franklin,doubtless, ac¬ Qn the Feast of St. John the Evange- cepted his accustomed place. The noble , “st gay, December 28, 1778, the celebrated form of the Father of His Country, whose .Ur. Wilnam Smith, at a service held in this | j diary records his strict observance of the ! church, at which the commander-in-chief of fast-day for the country appointed at Wil- our armies was present, referred to him as j liamsburg, Va., the year before, was ragu- the Cmeinnatus of America: voicing then I larlv seen at the services of his beloved and there for the first time In public, it is . ■ church till called to the field on which he believed, the idea that nearly five vears was to win the guerdon of glory in securing later took shape in the organization of the the freedom of his native land. Society of the Cincinnati. But time fails j “ThePuritans of New England, to whom me to tell the story—the historian of this : the church’s prayers were strange, were venerable fane will with loving detail re- f j fired by the patriotic preacher’s eloquence. cord the same—of the many incidents wor¬ ! The Quaker deputies were there, distin¬ thy of mention in the recital of the connec¬ guished from their brother patriots solely by tion between Christ Church and the Eevo ] their well-known somber garb. The lution. ; soldiers, impatient for the appeal to arms, r VThre? signers of the Declaration of, Independence were jiewholders of Christ, r r^nam, RobeH Mor- A':. it—r rancis rlopkirison. Three shall learn the underlying and etc— were connected with the united parishes- Dj. eiple of. our Americaar-patriotism', ! I Benjamin Kush, George Clyroer, and fora to God and our native tand.” " a-hll leaft’ George liosa- Richard ’ Dale* A number of members of the ordfer of whose loud responses in the service are not (Cincinnati, and the Sons of the Revolution yet forgotten; General Jacob Morgan and were present at the services, and in the James Irvine, as well as General Mercer to family pew of Bishop White, the first bishop tW ^v W-\ hAVe r,eferred» were buried in and pastor of the church after the Decla¬ ChwStiGhurc i grounds. For years ration of Independence, just in front of the Geoiye Washington was a worshiper here Washington pew, were a great grand¬ From first to last this noble pile has daughter and great grandson of that dis- been a center of patriotic impulses and ! tinguished divine._ sacrec associations, linking its1 name fts Strh“g’ nW,ith the- country’s Lstory the iw nf ChiSharf wlthold Faneuil Hall From . the gift of a churchman to Boston’s patriots the proud distinction of being a cradle of . '■c co'if tr-y ltself- It is thus that this hallowed fane where we meet to worship God and to glorify Him for the gift to us of ouf free¬ dom through the willing sacrifice, the self- denying toil, is dedicated to God and our Date,. '7*. native land. We see here the crosses but they were not signed on walls or founda¬ tion stones by a bishop's holy hand Here That l'enn Elm Tree ■•tV: are the sacred oils, fragrant yet with the The great elm WSTThTr passed up the lib'qmf t°tfer)nf’ to.God and our country, of Central Railroad of New Jersey, through Ini. and treasure, ot toil and loving service on the part of patriots and Christians free ' Mauch Chunk on Tuesday morning is an iiien in Christ whom the truth made’free off-shoot, and the onk$f one in existence, of Ah. this is surely holy, hallowed ground.' I Ihe original elnijfree under which Penn ASSOCIATIONS OF THE CHURCH. signed his treaty with the Indians. The -r Ihe associations of this temple of the I °‘'ia,,nal tree stood on grounds of Nicholas -dost High are sacred for all time. Yonder van Duzen. a wealthy land ownerln Kensing¬ pew Where tnat incomparable man,’ ‘that ton, a suburb of Philadelphia In 1810 unblemished gentleman,’ our Washington the tree was hewn down and man¬ sat yonder tablets on the walls, telling of ufactured into chairs and relics. One shoot, ife rreely given for liberty - yonder vaults where lay the mouldering remains of m or section of root, was carried to Bay Ridge! t»lots, sages and soldiers lie; yonder flap- Staten Island, by Washington Van DuzeiT a stones, on which have trod the feet of thofe son of Nicholas Van Duzen, and was there Who, an the halls of the Continental Con gre-ss or on the battlefield of many a Jw ' planted on what was known as rbe Van Do¬ ioughjfighfc: and these aisles and gaJkrit zen farm. It is this tree that was removed, where, in those days which ‘tried men’s on Tuesday, to Laurel Run, near Wilkes- le^VoVdmw gath<;led t0 liateri I® the Barre. The old Van Duzen farm has since prpri ests,ste or dknelt,p. «i/ rin-OD theiut hewords llps of ofour Patriot com¬ become the property of Gen. Paul A. Oliver, mon prayer to ask for God’s blessing in the wealthy powder manufacturer, near theseTr^tL*0 ^aVer our fatbers “ade- Wilkes-Barre, and he has now transplanted jsecration. S,gnS °f a tn,e’ a lastiD^ <*«- the interesting old relic, root, trunk, and branches to his Pennsylvania home. It is 10Ito'S^ouffptn uoa, oui fathers V6nera and1ble our fane own dedicated native said that Gen. Oliver speDt many leisure of "the IrUt’n1r'n’,! Ca?b fra8raent of this house hours of Ins boyhood under the old elm, on i ■ the Lord God of our fathers be ever hehl I in high and holy honor. HereletWees the Bay Ridge farm, watching the ships sail¬ ing through the Narrows and he had a great SBbvrtMgathert0 Iearn tbe lessor the worth f n meinorable stones of affection and reverence for the relic ol the tne worth of liberty protected. Here mav Indian treaty.maker. the representatives, in these days of ours of our honored fathers, children of the officers The tree is over seventy feet in height and who with and under Washington, won our is one of the most stately and graceful trees freedom, members of the Society of the Cin to be found anywhere. Six large branches cinnati, founded by the great American ' Cincinnatus himself, meet, year after year protude from the main trunk and from them t0 je-C.a ,tbe Past and inspire for the present innumerable smaller Dranche* droop grace- and the iuture a like devotion to liberty a fudy. The trunk is twenty-four inches in llbf trae and unselfish patriotism “ ’ diameter. William Clark. Gen. Oliver’s •he hI i .“ay tbes°ns, the daughters of he Revolution, sons of the sires gardener superintended the removal and na¬ ers of the fathers of our freedom ^£e turally the greatest care was exercised. Se hthe Patrlotlc purposes, and find Wooden pegs yvere driven into the trunk, leie the altar on which to swear un and around these the roots were twined ana oythf lfbe1Jtvtf>h°Uri fathers’ principles and massed. The entire trunk was covered with ure Twy+they lnbo,;ed and died to se- nme ’ to°: may the sons of strangers bagging, and all the branches so protected as f the ^Jearn1f-1'0m, tbese walls, eloquent to prevent the loss of the sap. It is said that f the past, and in this house of the Lord the removal cost at least S2.000 ;l°mfeOUtLfa hers’- kept «««* for all rime — * 3^e’ the American idea. eptfsacred a^HprpS' he?1-7 £round he ever e; % archeologists and historians the world over. INSIDE THE BOLDING. The visit to the society’s famous build¬ ing at the comer of Thirteenth and Locust Streets, entering through the outer door into the main hall of the building finds his eyes dazzled by a blaze of color flashing from the surrounding walls where haug in frames of gilt the counterfeit presentments of many immortal worthies of State and [national fame renowned in song and story. Hopkinson is there and Hamilton, and Hazard, and Norris, and Mublenburg, and Ross, and Gilpin and he more familiar Washington—01 whom the society possesses jr*"•"?THE name o f our a more complete set of annals, pictorial and {N / //^sSZJX friendship,” says Ci- epistolary, than any other art institution jk\\ Iff Wf lf/%1 cero, addressing At- in the country. SI |j[ )1. . tieus, “suffer noth-, Beneath the pictures are immense book cases filled with books, among which a Ir'fflPk 13 A i to escape you of i \[f[ j £*>' whatever you find bibliolatrist might revel and find it an )f. : j curious or rare.” In unsurpassed feast. Indian history illustra¬ —— this letter of the; ted by map, chart, and legend, the his¬ great Roman Consiil to his literary friend tory of the most remote and unknown tribes and collecting agent we have the first sug¬ as complete and exhaustive as a page of gestion of an ancient prototype to the great ■ modern English history itself. Then on¬ collections of historical manuscripts and re¬ ward to the later colonial history of the lics, which now either under governmental State and country—for the volumes are ar¬ or corporate supervision adorn most of the ranged chronologically. Of the latter class, large cities of tne world. It was one of the one case of books relating to the colonial laws day dreams of the orator to adorn bis villa of Pennsylvania and New York,the bequest at Tusculum with a collection of manu¬ to the society of the late scripts and antiquities which should pre¬ Tower is of great value. It is said to have serve in imperishable stone and bronze, cost $50,000 and is worth it. Who would and canvas, and vellum, the wondrous his¬ like to read some curious judicial lore tory of the seven-hilled city. But Cicero should go in and ask permission to look remained too long a victim to his political into one of the volumes. The request will ambitions and he passed away before his 'be acceded to most courteously, but rest collections were half complete. assured that the ubiquitous eye of the libra¬ The fate of Cicero’s “Museum of Historv” rian will be upon the reader while the has been met by many another in more golden treasure remains in his hand. modern times,where individual hands have Then conies the Revolutionary period, of endeavored singly and alone to snatch which every minutia of fact and informa- from the tooth ofltime and the dust or ages jtion is recounted—the movements of fam¬ relics and remains sufficient to portray the ilies, tory and patriot; the mustering of history and the faded fashion of a nation troops, with the personnel of each corps, passed away, or a living nation’s infancy. and their subsequent movements; the battles, In our day a different plan prevails. His-, the movements and acts of the Legislative torica! museums and great archaeological col¬ land Congressional bodies, with every lections are now under government control least fact of political or social history con¬ or are under the care of a number of indi¬ nected with the period—all are volumi¬ viduals incorporated into a society whose nously told—a living refutation of the collective efforts toward accumulation and statement so often made as to the meagre management keep alive in expanding use-1 condition of history relating to the Revolu¬ fulness and interest what would necessarily tionary period. fail in individual bands. An example of THE FORHATIVE PERIOD. the latter— a most noble one—is “The Historical Society of Pennsylvania,” whose Next in order is the constitutionary pe- magnificent collection of State and national annals is the delightj and admiration of j 27

hi i i.ii, ft* steps ana mm riod, the most important and interesting in hintself in'tie curio rooms of the society! American history. The compiler of a. | On entering the first, a large glass case con- constitutional history>of this country need ! fronts him, within it .the celebrated bust of . go no further than the Historical Society’s Keeker, the French Minister and financier, : rooms. The records are voluminous and sent to Washington by Neeker himself and complete. So, on to the present day the ! purely' a personal gift. Above the case i annals of State and nation are laid bare for 1 hangs a frame in which "appear copies of the i the benefit of the curious und the inquiring, , no link in the golden chain of events being I original manuscripts of “Home Sweet missing. Home,” with the autograph of John How- j In addition to the books relating purelyto 1 j ard Payne, and “The Star SpaDgled Ban- j historical research, the society has a colfec- j ner,” signed by Francis Scott Key, its I tion of genealogical records which is sur- ! author. On the wall above these are two passed by none in the world. There you \ famous sets of paintings, the Hopkinsoi may trace your family tree to its roots, i collection, and the Bonaparte collect! and find out whether or r.ot you have the I about a dozen in all, part by West and par right to arrogate a cerulean tinge to the by. Stuart. blood that flows in your veins, whether you Beneath one picture is one of the are a descendant of King Canute or King recent acquisitions of the society, a bust Franklin, said to be the best extant. Upon the opposite w, 11 is Washington’s war map with annotations in his own writing upon it. In a ease beneath it is a plaster cast of Napoleon, the only original in existence, having been made immediately after his death at St. Helena by his physician. Side t by side with the latter is a famous cannon¬ ball which was fired at the retreating boat of Mary Queen of Scots as she was endeav¬ oring to make her escape from the castle ol Loch Leven aided by a boy who was an adopted son of the laird of the castle. The ! ball was found by Sir Walter Scott and has I been through many hands before it reached its present resting-place, but it lias always been looked upon as a valuable curiosity. In the same ease is Dr. Kane’s log-b3ob and spy-glass. Above this case is found a relic of rare local terpsicorean interest, it being an original draft of rules of dancing issued by the City Assembly. Then there An Historical Chair. a commission issued to Christopher Lad wick,“Superintendent of Bakers and Baking Cole, and if neither, why not. Many a great in the United States Army” and signed by family ancestrally entangled has had itself I John Hancock,and a manuscript account of straightened out by aid of the Historical ! the battle of Lexington sent by express rid¬ Society’s genealogical archives. ers from Watertown to Philadelphia, and i Of the society’s collection of manuscripts certified to at each town through' which the ! one is afraid to begin to write. A sight of riders passed, the signatures of town com- \ their vast proportions recalled a story mittees and notaries appearing upon it. j of a French historian, Pere Daniel. That Of famous old books, worth their weight fentleman undertook to write a history of in gold,there are a legion in this room. The ; 'ranee. He appealed to the learned Boi- famous travels of Pastorius and the Bible vtn, the King’s librarian, for aid in collec¬ of old Christopher Saur, the first printed in ting his data. The librarian opened for America, but printed in the German lan¬ his inspection an immense treasure of char¬ guage to evade a royal decree which forbade ters, and another of royal autograph letters, the printing of English Bibles in this coun- ! and another of private correspondence- try, are there together. A curious piece of treasures reposing in 1400 folios. The histo¬ paper is the “Non-importation Act,” a doc¬ rian passed about two hours impatiently ument dravn up by tile merchants of Phil¬ looking over them_and then left. He adelphia agreeing not to import any goods wrote a letter to the librarian and thanked from England. Some of the names which him, but said he thought he could write a appear upon it are suggestive in the ex¬ history without further aid from such“ paper- trash.” He spent tyro years at his work treme—they being the preoursers of the diligently copying others an 1 then gave present merchant princes of the city. his book to the world, being confounded a month later by a counter volume by Count EARLY AMERICANA. Boulainvillier revealing 1400 errors in Early American printing is represente Pere Daniel’s history. by the finest collection of early America This is illustrative of the use of manu¬ imprints to be found in any library in th scripts in the writing of history, and no land. It includes a complete set of Brad- bibliophile contemplating an original histor¬ ical work need seek further for his mater¬ fords’ and a complete collection of Franklin ials than the galleries of the Historical So¬ imprints, and supplementing these is the ciety. finest collection of early newspapers to be AMONG THE CURIOS. found in this country. In a fireproof room Leaving the main halls,of which there are on the other side of thp building is a col¬ three with wide openings between them, lection called the Gilpin bequest. ^ one of them being used as the meeting The latter gentleman left $100,000 to the room of the society, the visitor ascends one so*iety in bis will, but, be unfortunately

1 / yjng within less than thirty days after the drawing of the testament, the heirs disputed oi time’s mutatToffs and history's truth lie ! together. 3 . J, donation, afterward, however, present- ,in? *!’e ^ciety with half that sum. A fine THE INSTITUTION’S OWN STORY, painting of the good old Attorney General f Yet, remarkable as is the collection to be otiose benefactions nil the room within found along the galleries of this famous de¬ hangs over the entrance. Many other pic¬ pository of Slate lore, the history of the in¬ tures are there of rare value and interest, stitution itself is as V 11 of interest as any Sf"jrular1/ one of Benjamin West and his ffifftbousand or more things which S3?y-u-Wklir,,f sword> Washington's vrd its shelves or adorn its walls. An idle w ’ "W be u,sed while m Philadelphia, onversation between two noted men, Dusts of Pennsylvania heroes and states! orge Washington Smith, of this city, and men the first charter of Philadelphia, the treaties ox 1 enu, manuscripts, coins, auto- ; EleWitt Clinton, at that time Governor of : graphs, things quaint and curious, yet all ' i JMgw York,.jarred upon a subject entirely "'fphakihg forth most eloquent attestations I remote from history, but by accident drifting ! into ■historical matters, brought this celr i brated society into being. This convert ‘ 1 took place in Few York at the house of THE PRESENT BUILDING. Governor Clinton early in the year 1824. 'l he suggestion of starting an historical The society made one more move tc the society was made by Mr.Smith and fraimly Athenaum liuildiDg which stood on Sixth •;seconded by Clinton. Almost immediately Street near Locust, but here again its quar¬ Mr. Smith returned to Philadelphia and ters were foimd inadequate, and another called a meeting of noted Pennsylvanians j change determined upon. This was in to lay the matter before them. A society was formed. ‘882. The commodious mansion of the late Roberts Vans was made president. The General Robert Patterson at Thirteenth and names of those who enlisted in the move¬ Locust was untenanted. There was a lively ment and joined it with heart and soul are bid in the market for it, but the Society the roll of Pennsylvania’s noted men of that procured it for $1)5,COO, and spending $5000' period. The objects of the society as then more for alterations, removed their now in¬ set forth were:— estimably valuable collections into it. “To trace all the circumstances of early Its members numbered thousands, hailing settlements; to collect all documents ancl from every part of the civilized world, and written and printed evidence, and all tradi¬ included among them many celebrated men tionary information that may still be obtain¬ authors, statesmen, explorers, of other lands able; and, after having thus acquired pos as well as this. A publication fund was 3 session of such materials, to publish such started in 1832 out of the life-membership us may be deemed important and interest¬ dues. Its object was to pay the expenses of ing tor the elucidation of the State’s his¬ i publications issued by the society. Several tory. Furthermore, to form an ample li¬ works of great value have been issued, par¬ brary and cabinet, the collection of books, ticularly worthy of mention being a book pamphlets, and manuscripts of any date, of maps and tables in which Pennsylvania medals, coins, biographical affinities, In¬ IS reproduced as it appeared before the ad¬ dian idols, ornaments, arms, utensils, etc.” vent of the European, with Indian nomen¬ The first place of meeting was in the clature, and Indian topographical divisions. rooms of the Philosophical Society, on the Another celebrated work issued by the I : 'vest side of Fifth Street below Chestnut. society’s Dress is “Braddock’s Expedition to 'The society’ jumped at once into prominence the Canadas,” and they have in course of 'and entered into correspondence with his- publication, “The Life and Times of John tori cal institutions all over the world for Dickinson,” a book of sterling interest in¬ i fche collection of manuscripts and relics, and deed, the first part of which was issued a contributions came thick and fast. It may ! few months ago. j be of interest to say that the first thing of Five great receptions are given a year. i Upon those occasions visitors of distinction are entertained and valuable papers read i’be “printers’ dinner,” as it was called, given by the society in 1885, in celebration ; of the 200tb anniversary of the introduction ' of printing in America, gathered together the most distinguished company that ever graced a r banqueting board in this State, the late Winfield Scott Hancock presiding U as honorary chairman during the speaking. An account of all. the proceedings of the society is published monthly in the Penn¬ sylvania Magazine of History published by it and filled almost entirely “withwith contribu¬eontvil tions from' members. The present officers of the society are: „ President, Brinton Coxe; honorary vice- presidents,Hon. Craig Biddle and Ferdinand r ■! J.Dreer; vice-presidents, Horatio Gates * Jones George De. B. Keim, Hon.' Sain- / uel W.Pennypacker, Charles J. Stille,Isaac ‘ Craig (Allegheny,) and Henry C.Lea ; cor- . responding sercetary, Gregory B. Keen; re¬ cording secretary, William Brooke llawle; treasurer, J.Edward Carpenter; librarian, ; Frederick D. Stone. There is also a council comprised of twelve members, who act as an advisory board, and a number of com- ; mittees. The society’s meetings are quar¬ terly. (j’he dues of $5 per year for transient Charlemagne Tower’s Bookcase. membership, and .$50 for life. The importance and invaluable usefulness value contributed to the society was a series of the society and its capacity to rise to of letters bearing upon the controversy be¬ great occasions in its history was never bet¬ tween William Pehn a- d Lord Baltimore, ter illustrated than at the time of the great concerning the boundaries of Pennsylvania. Constitutional Centennial demonstration oi In 1844 the society changed its quarters to which this city was the theatre five years South Sixth Street, below Walnut. There ago. The ample means at its command, its its resources augmented, and much material exhaustive historical data hearing upon the was collected. event to be commemorated, itself including It was determined that the society should among its membership many descendants of never accept outside aid, resolving to de¬ the noted men whose minds had conceived pend alone upon the private contributions of and whose hands had framed the hallowed its members. In this the Historical So¬ document, the code of the narion’s laws, its ciety of Pennsylvania is unique for every own archives containing anlong their price¬ other society of the kind the country over less relics the original draft of the Consti¬ owes its ^ existence and present mainte¬ tution whose centennial wa to be cele¬ nance to State aid liberally tendered. brated-all these tended to lift itmtoa place of fitting prominence in the great national Revolution, the patriot brethren affiliating with the new lodges of the A. Y. M. rite, event of 1887. The closing event of the Centennial, the! Thus the absolute absence of all records was great banquet at the Academy of Music, j always accounted for by the supposition lha; which drew togetlur undoubtedly the great¬ they were either carried away by their Loy-1 est assemblage of the century, was also given allst custodians In their flight from thEl, under the auspices of the society in connec¬ country, or else were destroyed during the!1 tion with the kand TJni- j war. 11 yersity of Pennsylvania. «• Tiber B.” In the year 1884 the first scrap of authen-j tto information, outside of the announce-! ments In Franklin’s paper, was found. ThlsE From was an old account book, known as “Liber f B, ” and now in possession of the Historical ' Society of Pennsylvania, which gives the names and accounts of the 19 members who composed St. John’s Lodge in Phila¬ delphia, the first Masonic lodge In Amer¬ ica. It was this lodge which a few Date, years afterwards resolved Itself Into a Pro¬ vincial Grand Lodge. It covers the period from June 24, 1731, to 1738, and settles the claim of Pennsylvania’s priority In Free¬ A MA50N1G RE LIS. masonry in America. But, Independent of this great fact and the names of the 19 members, It gives no Insight Into the Ma- ] AN INTERESTING FIND MADE A FEW sonic life of the Order. The volume which has now come to light is the DAYS AGO. • ‘Book of Proceedings” of. the “Masons’ Lodge, held at the Tun | Tavern, In Water Street, ” aDd contains; $0 The Oldest Original Minute Book In Ame¬ J many curious entries, not the least of which rica—Tho Bodge at Tun Tavern in Water Is the Invariable close of eaoh proceedings Street—Carious Customs. with the announcement, “Ten O’clock, ( ye Lodge Closed, ” a custom which might , well be followed by the brethren of the pres- j A few days ago a historical find was made ent day. of more than ordinary importance. Among Tiie first entry in the book is dated a number of old books and papers, resur¬ “ Wednesday, 28th June, 1749—present, Bro, rected from their long forgotten resting Griffin, Mr. Relly, S. W., Snee, J. W. place, in the attic of an old country house Members present, Bros. Corfe—Arstidale— In Delaware county, where they had lain Malian—Wright — Eve — Foster. Visiting undisturbed for almost a century, was a Brethren, Bros. Murray—Alsop—Gantony leather-covered folio blank book, which, and Duglap. ” The business of the lodge! upou examination, proved to be one of the consisted of electing a Tyler and a Com- ■ ;j long-lost records of the Masonic lodge mittee to amend the Bye-laws, after which which was held at the Tun Tavern, on a number of gentlemen were proposed lor \ Water street, in Philadelphia, during the Initiation, together witl^ recommendations early decades of the last century. for passing and raising others, a separata The contents of the book consist of 103 ballot being taken in each case. closely written pages, setting forth all their Another curious leature was that the proceedings, and, In addition, recording lodge always met In the E. A. Degree, and tho names of every candidate, member and occasionally admitted visitors who were not visitor who was present or advanced at the Freemasons. Thus, in the proceedings of various meetings. In fact, it Is the first August 12, 1752, among the visitors appears minute book of the lodge, and covers the the entry: “Sami. Austin, not a brother. ” | period from June 28th, 1749, to July 2d, 1755, That matters at this early day did not when the lodge changed its meeting place to always run smoothly is shown under date the newly erected Freemason’s Hall, In of August 5, 1749, when a ballot was held Norris (Lodge) alley. “whether or no three of the leading mem- j The importance of this old relio will be bsrs should be continued or excluded from I recognized when it is stated that heretofore tb6 lodge,” after which the Secretary was nothing whatever has been known of the ordered to “raise” their names off the book official or social workings of the Masonic as members. Brethern who flourished in Pennsylvania Three weeks later a petition was sent ta under the dispensation from the Grand Benjamin Franklin, Prov. Gr. Master, to j Dodge of All England, extending from 173(1 grant a “deputation” under his sanction. until the decade prior to the Revolution, Curious Entries. when, on account of political differences, Early in September the Master, being ao« application was made by sundry brethern cused by several members of some irregular In Philadelphia to the rival Grand Lodge in “practices, contrary to the dignity of ths England, known as the “Ancient York Chair, ” is asked in open lodge to clear up Masons,” for permission to hold lodges In the charges by the next regular meeting. Pennsylvania under their authority. This he succeeded in doing at the lodge In response to these applications two pr September 27, 1749—“agreeable to the mem¬ three lodges were warranted about 1759-60, bers.” After this episode matters went on either by the Grand Master or the Grand iu harmony, and at the lodge December 19, ' Lodge. It is from these lodges of the A. Y. 1749, It was agreed by the majority, to cele* ; M. that the present Grand Lodge of Penn¬ brate St. John’s Day by a dinner at tbs ! sylvania had its origin. (pun Tavern, at 10 o’clock, and“each Mason As the majority of the members of the first to bring his wife or a partner to a dance at Provincial Grand Lodge, working under the night, the expense of which to be left to ths “Grand Lodge of All England,” were politi¬ majority oi the members after the dinner is cally inclined towards the Crown, that over.” The expense of tnls celebsatlon, as 8 i branch of Masonry rapidly declined In the is shown by the next minutes, was'£23 i troublous times immediately preceding the 31

» -M ' I7s. od., and 20 sHTTI mgs'were voted Two of the oldest graveyards it. the servants of tbe tavern. icountry sleep with cramming, illegible Several cases are noted where members slabs and headstones in Germantown. In (wereimprisoned for debt, application being lone of these repose the bones of the j made to the lodge to release them from ^founder of the first daily newspaper in 11 durance vile—tbe most interesting case America. Fronting the main street, near being that of Bro. Smith, in 1753. Six i Tulpchoeken street, lies the old cemetery [pounds were voted for his relief, but did not (known in revolutionary times as the Up- prove sufficient, when the Master offered to I per Burying Ground, now as Axe’s Grave- . advance ten pounds lor the brother’s relief, ' yard, in the northern part of this silent ft provided he gave his watch and boohs as se- graveyard, with its high stone ’walls and I curity— “upon condition the lodge, when in padlocked iron gate, stands a large marble Sj1 cash, pay him and take the watch and books. tablet as venerable sentry over the ashes Si if they be not redeemed by Smith; to which i"j the lodge agreed, and the things to be lelt of Zachariah Poulson, born September 5, i ) with the lodge in pledge. ’ ’ 1701, died July 31, 1844. The inscription i [ Another entry in a different vein, in- declares simply that he was '‘Forty years B forms us that *‘The questions being put the Editor and Publisher of the American how we, as Masons, ought to bo tegulated Daily Advertiser, the lirst daily newspaper , | in respect of our expenses as a regular lodga printed on this Continent.” Poujsoh’s in- , I night, and a ballot being made, agreed that ! terment was one of the last made. Many ' f no member shall be obliged to spend moro old tombstones lean above the graves, , \ than two shillings and sixpence during lodge oddly inscribed and very illegible- a uV'.tri¬ (| hours without his consent, and not to de- be rewritten in German. Here, too, have part paying less than two shilling and six« sunk to rest a number of American officers I pence. ’ ’ and soldiers, who laid down their lives for. ] “It being proposed that no liquor ba their country on the battlefield of Ger- called for in lodge hours, but by the consent maptown. October 4, 1777. One tablet I of the masters and wardens, a ballot being bears as the date of “Obit,” 1718. [ made, passed in the affirmative; but so that 4= * j nothing be understood to the contrary of [ each brother’s spending two shillings and Further south and on the main street, at j sixpence. ’ ’ the comer of Logan street, lies the old Thereare numerous entries showing that lower burying ground, now kivowh as officers were entered, passed and raised in Hood’s Cemetery. This ground, unlike 1; one night during the exciting French and the upper graveyard, is enclosed by sub¬ Indian troubles. stantial walls of stone and marble, erected The New Freemasons’ Lodge. quite recently by Mr. Hood. As in the Thus the lodge flourished, and when tha upper yard lie buried American officers proposed Freemasons’ Hall, in Norris alley, who fell in the battle of Germantown, so was nearing completion, the question was here sleep some of their antagonists, who put on St. John’s Hay, December 27, 1754, met a like fate in the same .struggle. “whether or not the lodge shall be removed Brave General Agnew and Colonel Bird to ye new lodge lately erected;’’ the breth¬ are among the dead w’ho wore the red- - ren to a man voted in the negative. j coat of England. More worthy, perhaps, The next six months, however, brought of notice is the tablet above a hUmWe about a change of mind, and the last minuta mound, inscribed to Rev. Charles Fred¬ in the old register sets iorlh: erick Post, who died in 1783. An apostle “At a lodge held ye 24th June, 1755, at 9 i to the Indians, he long labored along the o’clock In ye morning, the lodge opened Susquehanna and the distant Great Lakes. and choze all the old officers for ye ensuing In the south wall is placed an old marble six months, and adjourned to the Hodge slab, originally set in the old gate post at Hall in order to join the procession ap¬ pointed for this day. ’ ’ the front entrance. The old-time builder This occasion was perhaps the greatest had had in mind the ancient phrase, gala dav of the “Modern” Masons. Thera Memento Mori. It reads: were lbO brethren , who marched to Christ Churcn, where Brother William Smith preached the first of his Masonic ser¬ mons, which have since become historic. With the dedication of the “New Lodge’* the minutes cease, and it may well be in¬ ferred that from thence on the lodge changed Its Meeting place from the Tun tavern to th< Freemasons’ Hall until' the troubles inci¬ dent to tbe Revolution suppressed the aris¬ tocratic “Moderns,” wheu tbe patrlotlo brethren almost to a man affiliated with the more patriotic Ancients, and laid the foun¬ dation ot our present R. W. Grand Lodga and its hundreds of subordinate lodges. Jtjlius F. Sachs®, her race whose*nanm‘tradition lias preserved GMFES MOVED M LAST to memory, and her fame rests on a strange contract she is said to have made with. God while facing death at sea. E TENANTS OF THE OLD DUNCAN This strange incident happened long be¬ fore the Revolution. Her husband, Isaac BURYING GROUND DISPOSSESSED. Duncan, was a grocer on Water street, aud,_ like his wife, was a native of Ireland. Some little time after Mrs. Duncan came to Phila-?, delphia, which must have been about 1760, A HISTORIC landmark; going she determined to visit her home in Ireland. This she did, and in the fall of the same year she- took passage for this country in j The Story of Margaret Duncan’s Vow and one of the slow sailing craft of that day. Its Fulfillment—A Forgotten Relic of The vessel had little or no cargo, but many j passengers, and the captain was a man with Old Philadelphia — The Leech Burial ways as devious as the sea and a brow as Ground in West Philadelphia. black as a thundercloud. Many days had not passed on Mrs. Dun¬ ; ■ Those who pass along Bainbridge street can’s homeward trip when it became evident on the south side when thoy arrive a short to her that the captain was maturing some- i nstance east of Fourth street may notice evil design, as the ship was far out of its an old wooden fence that follows Bainbridge course. Several heavy storms swept the I Street for a distance of about one hundred vessel's decks apd her passengers, most of j feet. It is high, well covered with theatrical them poor emigrants, were awed andterrj-| posters and adjoins.the old Howard Dispen¬ fied. It is said that a woman with a child i sary that was formerly connected with the in her arms begged the captain to tell her Scots Presbyterian Church. Not one person , if they were ever to see land again, and he j in bve hundred is aware that behind it rests cursed her and struck her to the deck. | ' ' % . % After this act of brutality, aided by his crew a very ancient and curious old landmark, a he went through the pockets of the passen- I time-honored burial ground that has been gers and took what little money they had in in existence for one hundred and twenty true piratical style. The vessel was now ; years at least, though its earth has not been some days overdue and the supply of pro- ‘ turned to receive an occupaut since 1850 at visions on board was getting low" least. It has just been turned to disposses the One night there was another fearful storm > long dead tenants of the enclosure, however, and the saving of the ship seemed hopeless. for tire heirs of its founder have recently de¬ She was a good ship, however, and lived j through the storm. But when morniug ! cided to remove the graves, by what author¬ came the captain and several members of his I ity is not known, and the work of removal crew were missing. What became of them is at present going on. was never known. Some said they had “ Margaret Duncan’s burying ground,” as taken to the lifeboat and were lost. A search of the vessel by the passengers re- j it was known, has no regular entrance, and vealed the fact that she was without food ! the only means of access to it is through No. and thus starvation stared them in the face. 1 5 Lester Place, situated on the east side of a On the following day, a Thursday, a meet- I court which runs south off Bainbridge street. ing of the passengers was held on deck, at The place is in a neglected and wretched which it was resolved that one of their num- ! condition. There is nothing picturesque 1 her must die in three days to furnish food ! about it, unless it be the ivy-covered brick that the others might live. A lottery of life walls of the surrounding houses which hide was held with paper slips. Before this awful i it from the busy world. It is about three- drawing each passenger signed a paper j quarters of an acre in extent, and until a stating that he or she had taken the chance ji short time ago the decaying tombstones of willingly and without compulsion. “ For \ about twenty moundless graves were scat¬ the lives of others you are sacrificed,” -was I tered about the cheerless inclosure. Some written on the paper slip which meant1] of them were almost covered by weeds, and death to the drawer. I many were just peeping out above the rank h Margaret Duncan, with the rest, took her ! growth that surrounded them, while several turn to draw, and when she opened her i were broken and defaced. paper the death sentence looked her in the 1 Withiu three feet of the back door of No. 5 face. Calmly she«announced her fate to the Lester Place rested a broken, sunken slab. crowd of hungry passengers, and then turn¬ The inscription, although much worn away, ing from them staggered into her cabin and ! fan as follows : prayed as she had never done befo»e. It | In Memory of was not until evening that she arose from1I ISAAC DUNCAN. her knees, and, asking for a pen and paper, ! " Whodepartedthlsllfe March 20th, 1770, aged she made a written contract that if Divine '■) 52 years. Providence would mercifully intervene and! Also of MARGARET DUNCAN, save her life, she would erect in Philadelphia ’ Agqd 79 years. a church for the service of God and devote “Precious li^ the sightol the Lord Is the death all her energies to Him. of His saints.” Time flew quickly past, and the last day i Duncan was the first person buried in given to Margaret had almost roached its1 the ground, and be was the original owner close when deliverance came from a vessel of the property, being once a rich and well- homeward bound. known citizen of Philadelphia. Mrs. Mar¬ When she reached Philadelphia and told I garet Duncan, Ifis wife, was the only one of V 33

MARGARET BURYING GROUND. Tbe tombstones have been and tlie graves are being opened. her story it made her the most famous yjK- B. Dales, D. D.,ou Race street, below Six¬ man in the city for many a day. Mrs. Djffn- teenth. can became very religious and” a member of the Associate Reformed Church, of which j Shortly before 1800 the Scots PresbyteTian her son-in-law was pastor, the Rev. David Church secured possession of the lot of lalfair. He is buried in the old Duncan ground on Bainbridge street and it was used Cemetery. When Isaac Duncan died his as a graveyard for some years by the poor of wile continued the business, and about 1793 ; Southwark and the congregation of the her store was at No. 1 South Water street, which was the best business portion of the Scots Church. But no one has been buried j city, and Mrs. Duncan was known as a sharp there for over forty years. The property, it business woman. In 1802 Mrs. Duncan is said, is still held by the corporation of the died. She was rich, and made bequests of a Scots’ Church. large amount of property, including houses, Margaret Duncan, it is reported, never lots, farms and tracts of land. The prop¬ forgot her dreadful experience at sea and on erty at the northwest corner of Thirteenth Thursdays would see no one, but spend the and Market streets, extending to Juniper day in fasting and prayer. street, she_ devised to her grandchildren. The descendants of Mrs. Duncan, live in I or the strip of ground on the west side of Baltimere and whatever their authority for thirteenth street, north of Market to the their present action, the demolition of the present Silver street, she had other designs. graveyard can hardly be regretted, as it ■ She devised a portion of the lot, 75 feet in was totally neglected and has heretofore ' breadth on Thirteenth street and 50 feet deep been in a deplorable condition, being the de¬ to her executors, with directions that they pository of tin cans, old shoes and boots, in j should erect upon the lot a “good brick fact the rubbish of the neighborhood of 1 church, with eleven glazed windows, galler¬ almost a half a century’s gathering. ies, pews and pulpit,’’ for the use of any congregation of worshipers belonging to the In the southern portion of the Twenty- Reformed Synod. Her executors were not seventh ward, West Philadelphia, is situated !? a Sreat; .hurry to erect this church and one of the oldest private burial grounds in thus fulfill her vow. But it was at last com¬ the city. It is a square plot, about a quar¬ pleted and opened November 26, 1815 the ter of an acre in area, well filled with tomb¬ opening sermon being preached by Mrs Dun- :an’s grandson. Rev. John M. Duncan, of stones, and inclosed by what was originally Baltimore. This building was familiarly a very substantially-built stone wall, about r cnown as Margaret Duncan’s Church.’’ four feet high. The wall is now broken lor years it stood in grim and dusty idle- down in several places, and overgrown here less, being frequently untenanted, and like and there with vines and shrubbery. In be old graveyard, very much neglected one angle of the inelosure stands as a sen¬ )ne reason for this was the fact that Mrs. tinel a large and ancient willow tree, that •mnean left no fund for the support of the overhangs the time-honored spot where the hurch or the mission. The first regular rude forefathers of the sleep. From astor was Rev. Thomas G. McNines, who its isolated position but few people know of erved from 1822 to 1824. Afterwards the ! the existence of this ante-Revolution burial hurch was known as the Ninth Presbyte- i ground. It stands in the open country on i.au Church, and finally settled into the pos- high ground, a few hundred yards north op- sssion of the congregation now known as the Darby road, near where Fifty-second street econd United Presbyterian Church, which ’ is cut through, and the only approach toil is 'orships under the direction of the Rev. J. 1 1 by an old country pathway called Greenway N lane. THE LEECH BURYING GROUND.

No matter what the march of improve¬ ment may be in that portion of the Twenty - seveuth ward the little cemetery will re¬ main sacred from desecration for generations to come, unless it is removed by some special legislative act. It was founded by a mem¬ ber of the Young family, who, in connection with the Leech, Hoffman and other old 2 families, purchased land and settled in that Date vicinity nearly two hundred years ago. The interments have all been of members of the Leech, Young, Hoffman and one or A Crank of the Last Century. two other closely connected families, but Ttr'the Editor of The Press. some of the stones have been in the ground Sir: That peculiar form of the “crank1* so long that tho inscriptions have become who demands money on penalty of instant illegible. The oldest tombstone whoso in¬ annihilation is generally supposed to be a scription can now be read is one well buried product of the present day or century, at in the earth and records the death of “ Eliz¬ least. Yet in April, 1772, Joseph Galloway, abeth Young, who departed this life Novem¬ Esq., then holding the very important posi¬ ber 21, 1777.” The tombstone of William tion of Speaker of the Pennsylvania As¬ Young, the founder of the little cemetery, sembly, received a startling letter which contains this inscription; “William Young had been left with Joseph Sellers, black¬ was the founder of this repository of those smith, living near the five-mile stone on who around him in solemn silence sleep.” the road leading from Philadelphia to Ches¬ ter, with request to forward it properly. It There i3 one handsome modern monument read as follows;— in the little graveyard belonging to the M e. Joseph Galloway : I stand in need Leech family, hearing the inscription: “In of 50 pounds and desire you would not memory of Sallie A., daughter of Henry and fail to let me have it against the 10 of this Julia Leech, born January 29, 1849, died month,by leaving it close behind the 5 mile December 9, 1871.” stone between Philadelphia and Darby. I Just as one turns in Greenway lane to go shall pay you in a year with Interest Sir, to the old burial ground he passes an old I shall pay you to a day. N.B.—If you blacksmith shop that presents the same ap¬ don’t leave it you shall sorely repent it in pearance now that it did before the Revolu¬ a few days and wish you had left it; you tion. It is owned by W. H. Rively, a de¬ shall be sure of it again From a scendant of a Revolutionary family, whose Chester County Man. grandfather worked iu the shop until after It was deemed of sufficient importance for a public proclamation over the hand and the battle of Brandywine, when he closed the seal of Lieutenant Governor Richard Penn, smithy and joined Washington’s army. and the usual “God save the King,” “offer¬ The old Leech homestead is still standing ing a Reward of one hundred pounds” for a short distancefrom the graveyard, situated the name of the writer and a Pardon to in what is known as “Leech’s Hollow.” any of the Persons concerned who shall in¬ You can look down upon the roof of the old form against the Principal Offender,” all in house from Woodland avenue. It is still in order that “such Dangerous Practices should a good state of preservation, but will no be discouraged.” No record exists of tha oubt be soon swept away. culprit’s arrest.. E.E.S. , E. Leslie Gilliams. Pennsylvania State College, Feb. 25, 1892. mmm -S ear the house was the of a Mr. Nelson, who was one of the settlers. Later the mansion was occ From I by Governors Evans and Palmer, ter, in his clay, was considered > wealthiest men in the colonies, the house became known as the mansion. Governor Palmer kept a and also a pleasure barge. These the purpose of going to what ! known as the city, or what is now between Vine and South Streets. In front of this mansion stood the tree under which the treaty was made, tree was blown down March 3, 1810. main branch towards the river measured 150 feet, and the girth of trunk was twenty-four feet. Its age, com¬ puted from the annual rings was 283 years. Drawings of tiie tree were made in 1800, and engravings were made by Thomas Seymour. After the tree had blown down the pres¬ ent monument was erected. Subsequently - I a railing was placed around it for protec¬ tion. Standing m front of an old lumber yard, and in one of the most neglected parts of the city, it has rapidly1 gone to decay. The railing has been broken down,and the monument has been the prey of vandals for years, until now the only thing that remains to mark the spot where the 1 founder of the commonwealtn made hir® treaty with the Indians is a piece of broke, marble. Hidden amidst a pile of lumber i has stood utterly neglected for years, be¬ cause it was apparently no one’s duty b look after it. For Many Years the Residence of The laying out of a park will be tbe first step towards perpetuating Penn’s landing the Governors of the Colony. and it is understood that some steps will be i, >. taken toward the erection of an- The Famous Old Elm. I other and more imposing monument as as soon as the parti is laid out. The prop¬ Present Condition of erty has also been owned for many years by prominent Philadelphians and has been in the Place—A New the hands of the Vandusen family since 1798. Mo n u m e n t The Fairmans owned it until 1715, when it passed into the hands of Joseph Probable. Redman. Redman sold it to Robert Worthington and the latter sold it to Governor Palmer in 1730, and Charles Wert became owner in 1728. After Several Among the spots selected for a small park other transfers, William Yard became tbe or public square is that upon which Wil¬ owner in 1795, and in 1798 he sold it to . liam Penn made his famous Treaty with the Indians. This ground has many historical associations that make it a fitting place to set apart for a park. Long before William Penn first set foot upon these shores it had become historic. It was here that Governor iairmanhad his mansion. When Penn arrived it was one of the best and most convenient houses on the site of the city. I'airman was a very prominent man, and it appears that he did much ser¬ vice for Penn, for there is on file a bill and ’ One of the spots which have been selected for receipt for £426 10s 6d, which he rendered (public squares in Philadelphia is famous as Penn for services in surveying, furnishing Ike identical place where William Fenn made horses, hands, and other labor between his great treaty with the Indians. But even 1681 and later years. before that time it had a claim to historic Fairman first occupied this land under the attention as the site of Gov. Fairman’s man-1 authority of the Duke of York. Opposite sion. Thomas Fairman occupied the land un4 this place was Poor Island,or Treaty Island. This was patented by Thomas Fairman as |der the authority of the Duke of York, filingl early as 1684. With Fairman | his patent as early as 1684. In the house lr ‘he house lived many (which he erected Penn spent the first of the most prominent personages of winter of his residence in Philadelphia. c ® time- Penn lived there the first Winter he was in Philadelphia. Govs. Markham, Haize, Holme, Evans, Among others who lived there were j and Palmer also lived in the house. Governors Markham, Baize and Holme. 36

Gov. Palmer used to keep a pleasure-barge*in! which he made journeys by water to thel In a month there will be only the ruins of “city,” or the district now included between the houses to remind Dhiladelphlans of the old times when the Fennsylvauia Railroad Vine and South Streets. In front of the man¬ Depot was where the Bingham House now sion rose that old elm under whose branches stands, and when market sheds, and not the memorable treaty was made. This tree market houses, were familiar sights through¬ out the city. i i ,.wa,s blown down in 1810. Its girth was 2-1 Some Interesting History. feet, and one of its branches spread for 150 Associated with the building of the- feet towards the river. From the rings in the Farmers’ Market Is some interesting! cut section of its trunk it was estimated to history about the organization of thei' company, which so long resisted the- be 283 years old. Where the tree overtures of the Reading Terminal had stood, a commemorative monument managers for the purchase of their pro- ! was erected, and a railing was put around it. perty, and who, by the decision of the , Vandals have chipped the shaft and the rail¬ Courts, were finally compelled to abandon their property, after, however, making ing has been broken down, until now only a amicable arrangements for the location of 1 seamed and broken fragment of marble re¬ their tenants in the market where they are mains as a testimony to Penn’s league of amity. now. The spot is at present almost invisible amid There are only two of the original projec¬ tors and managers of tbe Farmers’ Market piles of lumber. Now that a public park is to Company now living. They are Thomas H. jj be laid out, the monument will probably be re- Speakrnan and Joseph L. Garrett. : stored. The property has passed through many singularly enough it was the disagree- j menLs between two classes of men who made j hands. The Fail-mans owned itt until 1715, their livelihood in the same manner and 1 when it passed into the hands of Joseph Red¬ whose business had many points in com- ' man. Redman sold it to Robert Worthington, mon that resulted in the lormatioa of thej 1 and the latter sold it to Gov. Palmer in 1730, Farmers’ Market Company, which grew to! be the loremost corporation of its kind In and Charles Wert became owner in 1738. tire city. These men were the batchers and After several other transfers, William Yard be- j he farmers, who in the latter part of the last * came the owner in 1795, and in 1798 he sold it century and through many years of the present one sold their wares and products to Matthew Yandnscn. from under the rools of the same market; sheds. The market sheds were erected ac- j cording to provisions made by the Legisla¬ ture, which declared that a portion of them should be iree for tbe use ot farmers bring¬ ing their produce to tile city for sale. Disagreements Between Butchers and ! Farmers. j From the first butchers and farmers did not get on well. It was claimed by the lat- j’ ter that the butchers desired a monopoly of l tbe market-shed stalls and wanted to drive I the farmers out of business. On the other I OLD LANDMARKS GOING. hand, it was said by the butchers that the R farmers were seiling other than the products E ot their larins and hurting their, trade. |J DISAPPEARANCE OF THE fARMERS! MAR¬ There was much mutqal ill feeling, and as a | result there were occasional legal contests KETS RECALLS INTERESTING HISTORY. between butchers and iarmers. It was only when, In 1858, the city au¬ thorities decided to Degin the removal of the How the Disagreements Between Batch¬ market sueds, and provide market houses ers and Farmers Brought About the instead, that the iarmers and butchers were Organization of the Farmers’ Market In accord, and, acting together, filed bills Company. in equity against tbe city, praying that in¬ junctions be granted against tbe destruction Each day marks some new phase of prog¬ ot tbe old market sheds. Thomas H. Speak- ress in the building of the Reading Termi¬ man and John M. Read represented the nal Railroad and Station. The stone piers iarmers, William L. Hirst the butchers,and /between Filbert and Spring Garden streets Counsellors Edward Olmstead, Henry J. towards Nintn and as lar as Broad, in tbe di¬ Williams and William M. Meredith acted rection of the old Callowhill street depot, are lor the city of Fhiladelphia. The cases nearly all finished. In a few days tbe con¬ went to the Supreme Court, and, in an i struction of the great pier on the south side opinion delivered by Chief Justice Black,! of Fiiberi, street will begin. The first span the old acts of the Legislature were declared of the great arch of the train shed gradually void, and tbe right of the city was asserted assumes Us shape, and the false traveler of to establish and change the location oi pub¬ scaffolding which rises over 100 feet Into the lic markets at pleasure. air and stretches across the wide space be¬ The First Market Houses. tween Twelith street and the eastern bound¬ Following this opinion there was organ¬ ary of the Terminal Depot, is constantly rais¬ ized a movement to establish four public ing the heavy iron trusses that help to make markets in as many corners of the city. In the structure. consequence, however, of the Consolidattlou It has been over one week since the sta’l act which superseded the authority of the holders in the Farmers’ and Twelfth Street old city corporation, the organization Markets have moved Into their new quar¬ of market house enterprises was ieit to pri¬ ters in the Termiual Market. They have vate parties. ample room, and the new iron stalls which The butchers formed themselves into a are to displace the old wooden ones are be¬ "•j>'nbine and built tbe Fifth and the Tenth r ginning to arrive. v .■ -fates interested, and is high as $200 a share. while I have no records .1 am certain that Things went smoothly for 15 years, the several of thr tates made appropriations. farmers’ Market corporation became pow- But the entire project seemed to have been jrful, and until 1875 there was nothing to lost sight of when the civil war broke out. -uffle the smooth working of their business, Several of the interested States seceded, j f'heu the Mercantile Appraisers descended land the matter rvas never again taken up.” i lpon them and demanded of each stall AN OLD PAMPHLET'S KECOKl). ■enter $8 50, to be paid yearly. There was The pamphlet shows that the board of I jeneral resistance to this demand. The trustees from the old thirteen States met i armers filed a bill in equity in the Court of 1 lomrnon Pleas No. 1, against the Mercan- , at Carpenter’s Hall on June 12,1860, in 1 lie Appraisers and tha^jity Treasurer, ask- furtherance of the recommendation ^of a ng the Court to restrain the collection of convention of delegates from those States i. issessment. to erect a monument in Inde¬ Judge Biddle, on July 3, 1875, settled the pendence Square to commemorate iispute in an opinion, which was iu lavor the Declaration of Independence. )f the iarmers, and from that day until A resolution was passed providing for heir removal 10 days ago the existence of the appointment of a committee to solicit be farmers in the markets was a profitable * (from artists plans for the prop wed monu- me. . j nent, and Charles Francis Adams,Sauincl 1 liinsniore, Murray Hoffman and Edwwri jWr'ght were appointed. Another com- j-lnittee was also appointed to lay *he cor- per-stonc any time they mipb’ dwm proper and to make contracts for building | scientific pursuits. He married Lucy. \V. Slstare, of New York, .tune 4,1827. They had * the monument after a majority of the] no children. The daughter married Dr. contributing States had’made appropria- N Henry Elkinton Corbyn, of Virginia, who tions. | died in 1826, his wife surviving until 1839. to have cost $150,000. Dr. Benjamin Say married the second time, Miriam Moore, and had threechildren, Caro¬ The board also examined Independence line, William, and Miriam, the last, the wife ■jSquare, and decided to select the centre of j of Dr. Samuel Stores. the broad walk, between the south side of! Benjamin Say, Jr., never married. He the hall and Walnut street, at a point studied medicine, but did not practice. He equidistant between the hall and the gave most of his time to mercantile pursuits and the study of machinery and interested street. The total amount intended for the himself much in the welfare and improve¬ monument was $150,000, and a design was ment of the city of Philadelphia. He was finally selected, the cost of which would captain of the Second City Troop of Cavalry come under this figure. It was decided of Philadelphia from 1813 to 1822, was secre¬ that the material should be granite, as the I tary of the Philadelphia Hose Company from 1813 to 1S20 and a member of the House most durable. In view of the simplicity of Representatives at Harrisburg in 1833. He of the men who signed the famous died on the 18th of May, 1838, aged 46 years, , Declaration the design selected was of an and was buried in the Say Burial Ground, extremely plain character. According to rear of Friends' Meeting House, at Fourth and Arch streets. it the. monument was to have thirteen Dr. Benjamin Say was beloved as a man sides, and to rest on a base sixty feet square, and honored as a skilful physician. From the sides to be united by an entablature on my earliest childhood I remember that his which was to be graven the Declaration of characler was regarded as a model of integ¬ Independence, the whole to be surmounted rity and benevolence. My father’s only brother, Benjamin Say Bonsall, who at the by a tower of thirteen sides, each to con¬ time of his death held the office of Marshal tain a niche or space for the insertion of of the Eastern district of Pennsylvania, was panels of marble bearing illustrations pro¬ named for hi m, though he was an uncle only vided by the States. by marriage, and my youngest brother, who died early, bore the satne name. .ABANDONEP IN THE RUSH OF WAR. In the Aurora, May 29, 1805, the following advertisement appears: “Shortly after this meeting,” said Mr. A physician settled in a populous neigh¬ Sellers, “‘the outbreak of the war came borhood and in possession of a profitable and then the thing was dropped and has line of practice, intends declining thesame, never since, I think, been revived, but. I provided he can dispose of a handsome prop¬ do iiot see why the site, which was certain¬ erty where he now resides, a few miles from the city. This situation would be an object ly granted at that time, is not still avail¬ of profit to a young physician beginning able for the building of the monument business. For particulars apply to , and I think it will be done. For my part. Dp.. Benjamin Say. I think the centre of Washington !No. 152 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Square would be a better site,for theW ash- Mrs. Corbyn left three daughters, of whom Morgianna, married David J. Kenedy, the ington monument, anyhow', could then artist. Mary married Richard M. Hoe, the be seen from all four sides, and the statue inventor, who “revolutionized the whole could he placed facing Independence Hall, publishingbusinessof the world, cheapening but in Independence Square it would he, the means of i ntelllgence and disseminating to a large extent, hidden, and for that rea¬ useful information to every corner of the earth.” son. if for no other,.] am in favor of plac¬ Anna Maria married Frederick G. Wol- ing it in-Washington Square.” . It bert and the name of Say appears three times in their family record. So, although very few descendants remain, most of them in distant cities, and no one of the name of Say, the blood still flows in the reins of some who cherish the memory of their ancestors. Respectfully, Caroline Bartb; (Pfie. ■£■ <“■

TBE~SAY BURIAL GROUND. V

Mrs. William D. Kelly Gives Some Facts Relating to tlie Old Cemetery. To Hie Editor of The TimE3: The interesting sketch of the “Say Buriatj Ground,” recently published in your paper, has been widely read. The existence of ttie little cemetery Is known to a great many Philadelphians, but its inaccessibility has led to its dilapidated condition, and to its having passed almost into oblivion. I have read in one of the histories of the city that when it was dedicated to its present use it was distinctly visible from the Delaware. Dr. Benjamin Say married my grand¬ father’s sister, Ann Bonsall, who was named for her maternal grandmother, the wife of] John Bartram, the botanist. This marriage took place October 1, 1773. They had three! children, Thomas, Benjamin, and Rebecca Ann. Thomas was noted for his devotion to | , ures of its kind in the country, commodations for forty-five nurses, lecture room and. kitchen and private refectory will be located in the basement. On the first (^■'('^-■\-JL-cl & q*—% floor there will be twelve sleep¬ ing apartments, besides a parlor kcvC^ v ^Vvt\a . vV^> \ V ^ and a library. The second and third floors will also be used for sleeping apartments, each con¬ taining fifteen rooms. There will be two bath rooms on each floor.- When this structure is fin¬ ished the historic “picture house” on Spruce street, be¬ tween Eighth and. Ninth, now used as the Nurses’ Home, will be pulled down and also the building now used for the out¬ patients’ department and the stables, to make room for an ad¬ ditional hospital building. This new building will face Spruce street, but will stand about sixty feet back from the pavement and a little to the northeast of the present hospital. It will I have L-shaped wings, running east and west and turning south towards Pine street. It will be constructed of brick in the col¬ onial style to harmonize with -3a the old buildings, with which it will be connected by a cov¬ ered way. The main building will be three stories in height 4 and will contain the business \ offices, the lodging rooms for the steward, the library and the apartments for the resident phy¬ sicians. The wings will be oc¬ cupied by the permanent wards, which will furnish accommo- - - dations for from 80 to 100 patients. They will be warmed and ventilated by means of steam generated in the central boiler house, where, in the near future, will also be placed THE OLD PICTURE HOUSE.” a complete plant for electric lighting, whereby the buildings and the grounds will be fully illuminated. 118 NEW STRUCTURES Across the way the three lots on the north- ! east corner of Spruce and Duponceau streets have recently been purchased by the hospital ■ ' IE PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL ABOUT , at a cost of about $15,000; the price paid for the corner lot alone was $6,500, subject to a \ TO ENLARGE ITS BUILDINGS. ground rent of $23.33. The three frame buildings, relics of old Philadelphia, now occupying these lots will be pulled down in EARING DOWN OLD LANDMARKS May and a substantial brick and stone build¬ ing erected on the lot for the out-patier department, in the rear of which will be ; ie “ Pictnre House,” Formerly Occupied the ambulance house and stables. by tlie Historical Society, to Give Place Between four and five hundred thousand dollars it is estimated will be expended in to a Nurses’ Home—Improvements on the alteratious. The plans are now in ihe/a Duponceau Street Intended. hands of Architect Addison Hutton, wh „ hastening them to completion.

Within the last few days it has been an- These additions are made nearly 140 years unced that the Pennsylvania Hospital is fter the original founding of the hospital, 1 out to enlarge its buildings. Work has ■hose corner-stone was laid on the 28th of ready been commenced on the new build¬ [ay, 1755, by Joshua Crosby, in the pres- s' for the nurses on the east side of Ninth nce of the managers, physicians, a number eet, south of Spruce. This building will f the contributors and a large concourse of of brick and granite, three stories in itizens. So important was the occasion ight, and will cover 104 by 36 feet. It is msidered that all the schools were closed nd the children sent to witness the cere- imated that it will cost $34,400, and when mpleted it will be one of the finest struct¬ THE east wing, looking toward^D spruce street. mony. The stone was laid in the southeast familiarly called “Kirkbride’s,” is widely corner of the eastern wing, and bears the known. following inscription, written, it is said, by As the old building now occupied as the Benjamin Franklin : Nurse’s Home is about to be pulled down In the Year of Christ public interest is generally directed towards MDCCLV. George the Second happily reigning, it. This building was constructed for the (For he sought the happiness of this people! exhibition of Benjamin West’s historical . Philadelphia flourishing, painting, “Christ Healing the Sick,” which (For its inhabitants were public spirited! can be seen to-day hanging in the clinic This building By the Sovereignty of tlae Government room. It was the primary idea of the man¬ And of many private persons agers of the hospital to place the picture in Was piously founded the contributors’ room, but, happily, Joshua For the relief of t he sick and miserable. Gilpin, a member of the board, opposed this | May the God of Mercies measure, and later it was decided to erect a Bless the undertaking. building for the painting. This was ac¬ ' The eastern wing was completed in De¬ cording to a request of West’s, who con¬ cember, 1756, and at once fitted up for the sidered—as the canvas was about 160 feet reception of patients, who were removed to square and contained between fifty and sixty it from the hired building belonging to John life-sized figures—that it would require a Jiinsey at Fifth and Market streets, very large space to properly and effectually j Although the contractors of the hospital display such a picture. He was, therefore, overjoyed when the managers decided to i—.ere unable to complete the whole building I at once, they commenced on a very liberal erect a building and adopt his plans lor the ; scale and wisely adopted a symmetrical plan same. and filled it out at successive periods as they ; Ou the 27th of October, 1817, the picture got the funds and as the needs of the con¬ ;j was safely deposited in the house erected for stantly growing institution demanded, the : it on the Spruce street front of the hospital, present improvements well illustrating this Y" which has always been known as the conservative policy. “ Picture House.” It was built by volun¬ tary subscriptions, at least in part, and it may be of interest to learn that- Stephen About fifty years ago the managers of the Girard’s name was first upon the list for hospital purchased the property in West £1,000. The picture was viewed by over Philadelphia situated about two miles from 100,000 persons while on exhibition in this the Schuylkill river and proceeded to erect house, and for a number of years it yielded a considerable income to the hospital. After buildings with a determination to carry out, ! the picture was removed from this building as far as practicable, the most salutary and taken to the Academy of the Fine Arts methods for the treatmentof insane patients. the edifice remained for some time unten¬ The great success of this insane department, anted, but in 1854 the managers tendered i use to the College of Physicians, who con- mied to meet there, until they moved into stands north of the entrance drive and west • leir own building at the corner of Thir- of the clinic building, and is inscribed &s ienth teghd Locust streets, after which the | follows : lildinEagain remained vacant for a con- In Memory of derablBinterval, when finally the man¬ Charles Nicholes. ners of Be hospital decided to offer its use, , Born in the Island ot Jersey, November, 1759, r a lonjnterm of years, to the Pennsylva- and Died in Philadelphia, December 31,1807. a Historical Society. By great industry and economy and integ¬ rity be acquired a considerable estate, $5,000 — of which he bequeathed to the Pennsylvania The society's aooms at the Athenaeum had Hospital and the residue in other charities icome inadequate to its growth and de- and legacies to his friends. His body is in¬ terred, in compliance with his request, in ands, and they were glad to accept this this place, and this monument is erected fer. The sum of $10,000 was quickly raised over him, by permission of the managers of r alterations in the building, which were the hospital, in order to perpetuate his name, 1 by oneof his executors. once commenced on an extensive scale ; Doubtless it would have been a source of fact it was nearly a year before they ! great satisfaction to Dr. Thomas Bond if, ;re completed. In February, 1872, the I when be formulated in 1751 the Pennsyl’, luable collection of books and manuscripts | vania Hospital, he coaid have determined the society were transferred to the “ Pic- the far-reacbing usefulness attained by this re House,” and the new hall was inaugu- j institution to-day. ted with appropriate ceremonies on March E. Leslie Gilliams. , 1872, when the president, John William allace, delivered an address outlining the story of the organization. It was the in- ltion of the society at that time to remain the “Picture House” indefinitely, but e growth of the library and treasures was extensive that in a short time they felt smselves compelled to seek more com- >dious quarters. Consequently in 1882 ft |:y removed to their present quarters.' om that time until 1889, when the nurses ved in, the building was again uninhab- d. I

Lmong the many sights around the exten- j e hospital grounds of interest is the stone i .rking the grave of Charles Nicholes. Ic | i (^f v\JL^X- 9 0.- t^a/U. - \Vuw_. l"sUi JL I

The Latest Rage in Second- Hand Literature and What It Costs.

MINISTERS WHO STEAL OLD VOLUMES.

They Cannot Help It and So Are Never Prosecuted by Dealers. LOOKING FOR A BARGAIN. ■years has been engaged in buying and sell¬ ing all that is common, rare, or curious in SOME RARE TOMES the book line. “The character of the books he reads IN THIS CITY. leaves an impress on the face and manner of every man. I can,stand just inside the door and I can venture to say that in eight cases out of ten I can tell by the face, a Philadelphia the Center of the Old movement of the body, or general appear¬ ance of a man just what kind a work he is Book Trade in the United States. in search of. If he is a preacher I can gen¬ How Merchants and Sales¬ erally hit off his denomination, Catholic, of course, always; Presbyterian, Episcopalian, men Read Character in and Methodist generally; and "Baptist, Lu¬ theran, or Congregationalisttwoout of every the Faces of Their three times. Customers. BOOKS AND MEN’S FACES. “If I see a tall man with cadaverous as¬ pect and abstracted air, who looks as if he were living in the past or up among the stars, iHILADELPHlA is whose clothing no matter how fine is always the center of the old more or less in disorder, I know that he book business of the wants some rare book on metaphysics, or United States. There astrology or mysticism. On the other hand, are not less than whenever I see a colored man loom up I twenty-five estab- am pretty sure he is after a ’ Methodist lishments in this city devoted exclusively hymnal or a dream book. If it is a fresh- II faced girl, I am ready to stake my life that ' to the purchase, sale, and exchange of rare a work of fiction is wanted. If a man who & and second-hand books. The largest old looks as if he never read a great deal dark¬ book store in the country, if not in the ens the doorway, and then stands a moment world, is located here. Over 300,000 vol¬ in an undecided way, I know that he wants umes are found on its shelves or stored away a set of Dickens’ novels. Why? Because in warehouses rented for the purpose. we sell more of Dickens than any other fic¬ “No other business affords such an oppor¬ tion in sets. Hundreds of people have heard and read of Dickens, and they think the tunity for the study of character as does proper thing to do when they get up in the this," said a gentleman who for eighteen world a bit is to buy a set of his works to put in their book case or on a book shelf. Gives them a sort of literary character, as it were,to bave^he books on exhibition tnougb they have never read a chapter in any of them. “Around about the holiday season we / keep hundreds of sets of Dickens in stock. "rd 41

“This little work is worth $60,” said the 7e* sell more of them than anything else, dealer, handing it over for inspection. lot, mind you, because everybody that “Not very striking, is it,” he said, with a uys a set is an admirer of him,but because laugh, “but there are only a few of them to hey think that it is a mark of intellectual aste to have him in the house." be had.” , It was a first edition copy of Longtellow a BOOKWORMS WITH ONE SHIKT. “Evangeline,” and therein lay its value to “But the other class,the antithesis of this book collectors. The fourth edition, by the lenient, the bookworms, what of them?" original publishers, is valued at $5, or rather that is the price it brings in the Old “A great deal more than I can tell you,” j »as the reply. “There’s scores and scores book market. f them. I know men who I really believe | THE FASHION IN OLD BOOKS. aven’t more than one shirt to their name, “There is fashion in old books as in every¬ rho come here and spend 50 cents or $1 for j thing else,” said this broadly observant dealer. “Some years ago there was a rage for Americana. Everything in the way of Colonial literature was in demand. Old pamphlets, early histories of the States, maps, and engravings, when tney were rea¬ sonably scarce, were run up to fancy prices. It has died out now, and some of the peo¬ ple who bought Americana then could not sell it to-day for wliat they paid for it. That doesn’t lessen its value though. Time 13 the element that contributes to ihe wort« of such material. Five, ten, or twenty years hence that stuff will be worth its weight in

80,1,1Another fad was the collection of old directories of this and other cities. It amounted to a rage for awhile, and, or course, the older the directory was ^the higher price it brought. That mania, uied out after a time, but it will be revived soma of these days.” , „„ “What is the leading demand to-day? “First editions of Longfellow, Poe, and Lowell; in fact, first editions of any of the American poets are in good demand. Eng¬ lish first editions of Pickering and Longmans and Green & Co. The artistic is wanted; choice bindings, clear letter press, with uncut edges, and containing the best class of wood engravings. By the way, do you know that some of these days you will heap of a corner in those books which ton, twenty, and fifty years ago were illustrated with the best class of wood cuts and frontis¬ pieces in line steel engraving? These new photo-lithographic methods, heliotypes, and COMBOSING HIS SERMON. all the other “types” will eventually crowd hooks. They have a mania for buying out the other work in a commercial way, nooks and everything is sacrificed to gratify and then the price of books of that other ( i lis desire. Then there is the class that is kind will demand good big prices.” ;ither too poor, or too miseriy to buy books. MINISTERS AS KLEPTOMANIACS. They set or stand around for hours at a “Are you troubled with kleptomaniacs?" time. Sometimes they fall asleep over the “We are. I threw a temperance lecturer books. It is not our business to judge the motives or financial condition of men and out of the store only last week. He was so the bookworms are welcome. trying to steal two books. This is whore “There is another class, the men who vou meet the so-called kleptomaniac in all know just what thev want, order it, pay for his glory. There isn’t a week but that we it, and go out. I sold $160 worth of second¬ detect somebody trying to steal books. If . hand books, rare bindings and plates, to a we detect the thieves so frequently what gentleman who wasn’t in the store five min¬ must our losses be by those who escape with utes, all told. He has hundreds of thous¬ their plunder. We have caught ministers ands at his disposal and he don’t haggle of the Gospel at kleptomaniac tricks. 1 overprices.” , , , use the word kleptomaniac now in its “What does a man worth hundreds of proper sense, for I am firmly convinced that thousands want with second-hand books?” there are some men who cannot retrain was asked with some show of surprise on from stealing books. the part of the questioner. “Persons of this class, whether preachers “Bare books, my friend, are second hand or the ordinary run of the great public, are books,” replied the dealer courteously, but not usually responsible for what they do, with no little surprise on his part at tjf& any more than is a woman who is worth $1, - question. Then, going to a shelf, he pulled 000 000 in her own right, and yet will steal down a little dusty book, half an inch thick, a ribbon remnant off a bargain counter. in brown cloth binding with some slight Then there is another class of thieves who evidences of wear upon it. It was neither are in the business to make money. We have known of people steahng from the handsomely printed nor exquisitely bound. In fact, it was just such a volume one would book piles and shelves in front of the store, expect to get thrown in with a job lot of then marching deliberately m and trying kitchen cookery and domestic hardware at io sell us our own goods.” , . an auction sale. “What do you do with persons caught pilfering?” 1 42

“Let rcm go, but we warn them . ever entering our store under penalty of in¬ stant arrest. Of course they never come around again. Even if we were to arrest some of these people I doubt if it would do any good. It would disgrace them and we would not be benefited. My idea is that j . QLii.... every man, minister or layman, caught stealing in this or any other book store should be led to the front door and publicly ’VKah,-VJUii kicked into the street.’’

SPECIALTIES OF OLD BOOK DEALERS. A dealer|in rare and second-hand books DELAWARE FIRE COMPAN ■ acquires a wide and diversified knowledge A. i of literature. Some dealers aim at special- The 181st Anniversary of Its Organizatioi ties. There is one man in this city who is Observed by a Banquet. The 131st anniversary of the Delawaw Volunteer Fire Company of which Stepher Girard and David Paul Brown were mem¬ bers, was celebrated Monday evening by £ banquet.’ The Delaware Fire Company was or¬ ganized in the neighborhood of Front and Market Streets, March 21, 1761, and has maintained an unbroken or¬ ganization ever since, meeting an¬ nually. The present members of the organization are: Joseph Henderson, James Patterson, John Robinson, Thomas Orr, i John Haggerty, John Craig, George Mc- : Fetridge, William J. Black, Samuei Dun¬ lap, George Orr, John McCandless, David Blackburn, Thomas Hall, William Bender, John Smith, Daniel C. -Davis, James Met¬ calfe, John Henderson, Joseph Walker and William Kennedy. The company 'has included in its mem¬ bership many of the well-known residents of Philadelphia, in addition to Girard and Brown. Among whom were Dr. Benjamin a specialist in mathematics, with the result Say, Henry Pratt, of Pratt’s Gardens, at that he is better versed in the literature of Fail-mount; Townsend Sharpless, who was that science than scores of college professors also at one time president, Robert E. Mit¬ who fill chairs with high-sounding names. chell , who served as treasurer for twenty- Still another deals almost exclusively in five years; Horatio G. Rowley, the ex-pre- medical works. He is a kindly man and ident, and Samuel S. St one, also at one stands very high with the hundreds of med¬ time president. ical students, impecunious and otherwise, The Wncers at present are president, Jo- who patronize his establishment. seph BHendersoD; vice president, James Then entirely outside of the established Metcalfe; secretary, Smiley Orr; treasurer" dealers is a*,class of men who earn a precar¬ James Patterson. ious living by hunting up odd and rare During the first thirty-five vears of the books. Every miscellaneous second-hand company’s history, the only officers cleoted store up a wide thoroughfare or down a was that of treasurer. The other officers dingy alley is known to these literary Bed¬ served in rotation according to their posi¬ ouins. Second-hand dealers in purchasing tion as signers of the articles cf incorpora- job lots of household effects frequently run j tion. across old books in attics and cellars and Amongst the invited guests were Senator occasionally a valuable rarity is in the lot. Boise Penrose, Magistrates Edward A Dev- The work is sold by them for a mere song, elin, Israel Durham, aud W. J. Milligan; and then the lucky finder sells it for the Captain Daniel Neall, Secretary John most he can get to some large dealer. O’Donnell, of the Harmony Legion; John Sometimes there are rare treasures found McKay, Horace Gan, Samuel F. House- even at the large stores where one would mati, and Robert D. Patterson. suppose everybody is on the qui vive for such things. A few weeks ago a gentleman picked up an old work by a Dublin pub¬ lisher. One of the leaves contained the ■»_ (Kvuu ignature of Edmund Burke. Last week a newspaper man who is also something of a a Lk_- bookworm bought a copy of a lonely little embossed leather book entitled “An Essay on Pope’s Odyssey,” 1726. On the preface page wasihe autograph signature of the THE MESNOSITES. gifted Pope. _■ ■ ^ The Life In America of a Peculiar Excellent People. Gesohichte der Mexnoniten, or tory of the Meunonites—Narratives of Mennonite people In America. By Da H. Cassel. Philadelphia: I. Kohler.

it*1--' A recent contribution to German litera¬ trine that two Believers in thd same faith ' ture in Pennsylvania, the result of much should marry. This is acustom still striotly labor and research, by Daniel K. Cassel, the adhered to, and they base this portion Of author. The volume io dedicated to the their belief upon the ordainment of God in memory of Willem Ruddlnghuysen, first the Garden of Eden, when He instituted Mennonite Bisbop in America, and has an an honorable union between Adam and especial interest to the German families of Eve. They do not make known the number 1 Eastern Pennsylvania, the illustrations giv¬ of their communicants. There is scarcely a ing fine views of their churches and that family among them which cannot be traced class of surroundiugs held precious and sa¬ to some ancestor burned to death because of cred because of association and early life. his faith. Their whole literature smacks of Bishop Ruddinghuysen or Rittenhouse— the fire. A hundred years before the time the more familiar—arrived from Holland in ot Roger Williams,George Fox and William 1688 and in 1B90 buiit the first paper mill in Penn the Dutch reformer, Menno Simons, y America on Wissahickon creek, and there contended for the complete severance of 1 was made the first paper used by William Church and State, and the struggles for re¬ Bradford, the earliest printer in the middle ligious and political liberty which convulsed Golonies. In 1708 the first meeting house was England and led to the English colonization of America in the seventeenth century were built, a log structure, and the site is now oc¬ cupied by another in Germantown. With logical results of doctrines advanced by the Skippack the Germantown congregation was Dutch and German Anabaptists in the one which preceded. in community, but became separate in 1725. The second meeting bouse-cost £204. A lead¬ Dr. Cassel treats at length upon the Men¬ ing preacher was JacobFunk.anearnesf and nonite meeting houses at Franconia, Kulps- ville.Towamencin, Lansdale, Schwenksvllle, fluent speaker. He owned a UTTm on Willow Rockhill, Perkasie, Deep Run, Doylestown, Grove road, the house in which he dwelt re¬ Lexington, the Swamp Church, Springfield maining thereto this day. It is a quaint and Saucon, Hereford in Berks, Boyertown, structure. The front room was used as a re¬ Upper Milford In Lehigh, Philadelphia (new ception room, and the back room as a stable school), Cumberland, Northampton, Juniata, in revolutionary times. The building was Lebanon, Perry, Snyder and Lancaster put up in 1774, and one of the rooms was counties. His chapter on old German¬ cemented for the keeDing of farm produce. town, its division into lots, curious names The British soldiers took everything mov¬ j of the settlers and their holdings, is a able. They wanted that portion of the earth, revelation. He refers largely to Ephrata but could not very well take it along. A and pen pictures the old families. Those vault was built on Funk’s farm for the body who read the annals of the war find there of General Murray, who was killed in the leaders in Albright, Beaver, Dahlgren, battle of Germantown, and remains still on Heintzleman, Hoffman, Roseerans, Steln- duty as a curiosity. wehr, Sehurz, Sigei, Weitzei and Wistar. The Franconia townships in Montgomery The Speaker of the First Congress was a are old Mennonite settlements. Jacob Tel- Muhlenburg. In 1808 Simon Snyder began ner, the second of the six original Crefeid the regime of the eight German Governors purchasers to cross the Atlantic, reached of Pennsylvania. The Schwenkfelder fore¬ New York alter a tedious voyage of twelve fathers of Hartranft lie burled along the weeks’duration, and wrote to Jan Laurens, Perkiomen. of Rotterdam, December 12, 1684, that his It is learned from Dr. Cassel that Penn (wife and daughter were “in good health and picd/uueu m me ij-erman language fat,-’that he made a trip to Pennsylvania, learned from his mother, she being a Dutch which “he found a beautiful land with a woman from Rotterdam. It was in this way healthy atmosphere, excellent fountains that he met the Germans atEmden, Crefleld and springs running through it, beautiful and Westphalia. He told them that he had trees from which can be obtained better a large tract of land in America which had firewood than the turf of Holland.” He been granted to him by King Charles II. ^eeras to have been the central figure of the March 4,1SS1, and made it. free by purchase whole emigration. As an Amsterdam mer¬ to enable the conscientiously scrupulous to chant his business was extensive. He had "•.ettle and enjoy their religious opinions transactions with the Quakers, and this har¬ ■fithout restraint. monious blendingof Mennonite and Quaker Dr. Cassel introduces a new and excellent J Is nowhere better shown than in Telner ac¬ historical compendium in his “Geschichte 1 companying John Delavall on a preaching |der Mennoniten ” to the literature of the day and proselyting tour to New England in and one that must shortly assume the place 1692. He was a first burgess of Germantown (of leading authority touching a sector de¬ and gave ground for the market house. nomination of people of which bui compar¬ The alleged peculiarity of the faith of the atively little is known outside their own im¬ Mennonites is treated upon at some length mediate families and meetings. by Dr. Cassel in his Geschichte. The Men- aonites do not parade their doctrine like ether denominations, and their form of wor¬ ship is free from every semblance of ostenta¬ tion. They prefer not to let their good works be seen of men. They rank Menno Simons, who was born in 1492 and died in 1559, with Luther and Calvin, although he was but 25 years old when Luther nailed his 91 thesis cn the ohurch door at Wittemberg. They believe that the doctrine of Christ forbids the resentment of wrongs and the showing of any spirit of revenge. They believe their The rapid march of building improve¬ mission to be one which will redound to the ments is quickly and surely eliminating benefit of all men, and ne^er turn a stranger the old historical landmarks throughout from the door, but do not give alms to be the city limits. The latest, development seeh of men. If an enemy comes to them in for the erection of modern houses has distress, they help him. In forming marital reached the old Rising Sun Village, where relations the Mennonites adhere to the doc¬ once stood several handsome residences, notably the Maupay mansion, situated on 'Germantown avenue, adjoining the what will be greatly appreciated by the Pennsylvania Railroad, and the Keyser large circle of the friends of her father, In egargee estates, which prior to the preserving the more imoortant speeches de¬ ition covered many acres of pro- livered by him during his long and active agricultural ground. The Mail pay participation In public affairs. Judge Sco¬ ion,. while not of beautiful design, field was a nativeof Dewittvllle,N. Y., where a very striking appearance and re¬ he was born on the 11th of March, 1817. In bled the appearance of great granite early life he became apprenticed to the rocks, three stories high with a lofty cu¬ printing business. He gravitated thence sola. lt was erected by Samuel Maupay into school teaching and thus prepared fore the Revolutionary war—and when himself for a collegiate education that he Colonial army, under General Wash- received at Hamilton College, New York, ton, inarched up Germantown avenue and from which, in after life, he received to"Kelly’s Hill, where the battle of Ger¬ the degree of LL. D. He was admitted mantown was fought, the tired soldiers to the bar in 1842, when he located at j were the recipients of warm hospitality Warren, the present homo of his family. | from the Maupay family. About If years where he entered into partnership with ago the estate was known as “the C. B. Curtis, who preceded Scofield as a Rep¬ nursery,” a botanical garden having been resentative In Congress. On the 20th of No¬ established by younger heirs of the family, vember, 1845, he married Miss Laura Marga- who carried on the business of florists and retta Tanner, who survives him with two of gardeners. About, that time the _ family the four children born to them. In 1816 he deserted the old mansion and leit it to rob was appointed Prosecuting Attorney for Warren county, and In 1S19-50 he was elected and decay. to the State Legislature, where he took an active part in the passage of the amendment to the Constitution making our Judges elec¬ tive. After his retirement from the Legisla¬ ture he devoted himself to his professiou un¬ til 1856, when he last appeared as a Demo¬ cratic actor in the State Convention of that year on the 4th of March, and voted for the nomination of James Buchanan for Presi¬ dent. After the nomination of Buchanan by the Cincinnati Convention, with its strong . pro-slavery platform that Buchanan ac¬ cepted, Mr. Scofield repudiated the action of the National Convention. He had been named as a Dempcratic candidate lor Senator that year, and in July, when the Democratic Convention of the county met, he was requested to appear before it and give his views on the public issues of the ,day. He obeyed and declared himself op- posed to the Cincinnati platform and to the attempt to control ICansas by violence in the Interest of slavery, ending with these words— “ I do not desire and could notaccept a Dem¬ ocratic nomination.” Soon thereafter he de¬ livered a public address in Warren declaring himself in favor of the election of Fremont, whereupon he was nominated by the Repub¬ licans for Senator, and he revolutionized his district where he was elected by a large ma¬ jority in the face of the 1,200 Democratic ma¬ jority previously given by tile Democrats. In 1861 Scofield was appointed by Governor Curtin to a vacant Judgeship In the Mercer, Venango, Clarion and Jefferson district, and in 1862 he was nominated for Congress and elected by a large majority. He was re¬ JUDGE GLENNI W. SCOFIELD elected in the same district for five consecu¬ tive terms, when, after declining the nomi¬ nation of his district, ho was placed on the THE SPEECHES OF A FAMOUS PENN¬ State ticket as a candidate for Congressman- at-Large and thus returned to Congress to SYLVANIA STATESMAN AND JURIST. round out a period of twelve years^pervlce. In 1875, at the expiration of his Congressional service, President Grant tendered him the commissionersnlp of Indian Affairs, but he BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH declined it and returned to his old home at Warren and resumed the practice of his pro¬ fession. Again in 18T8 he wascalled by Presi¬ Mis* Ellie G. Scofield’s Grateful Task In dent Hayes as Register of the United States I Preserving the More Important Speeches Treasury, where he served until May 20, of Her Father, Which Now Appear In 1881, when President Garfield appointed him as one of the Judges of the United States Book Form. Court of Claims. He continued in that posi¬ tion until July 29, 1891, when he resigned Speeches of Geennt W. Scofiei.u, With broken in health and died one month later, Biographical Sketch. By Ellie Printed for Private Circulation. Philadel¬ August 30, 1891. His death resulted from phia: J. B. Uppiueott Company. general prostration, and thus after 45 years) Miss Scofield haS performed what was of active participation in public affairs, and doubtless to her a most grateful task and most of that time devoted to Important, offi-l clal duties, passed away one ot the ablest),

it ind most respected of the jurists and states¬ men ot Northwestern Pennsylvania. -f. J - The addresses delivered by Judge Scofield vhich have been preserved to the public by lis devoted daughter cover nearly all the fa important public questions as they became \\A v\ 'Hal during his long and active participa- v ion in politics. In the Pennsylvania Senate letvas confessedly one of the clearest and nost logical of disputants, and in the many ^ iJ date Conventions in which he appeared as delegate he vvas always a leader among the ?nders of the party with which he was act- ng. He was one of the advanced factors in he great struggle made years ago In our S&MEDUELSOFLONGMO tate to remove the old-time disabilities as > witness in our courts, and he started a re- >rm in the line of liberality that led to the AFFAIRS OF HONOR IN WHICH PHILA¬ resent generous system of the admission of ltal testimony In all cases. He was one of DELPHIANS HAVE TAKEN PART. te earliest and most Influential supporters .-_ f our present elective judiciary system, ew of the present day have any just inception of the necessities which pro- FIGHTERS WHO WOULD NOT FIGHT uced that revolution, and it would be ell for the students of this age to >ad the comprehensive speech of Judge Scraps of Bocal History That Show That eofield in favor of elective judiciary to en¬ the Drayton-Borrowe Duel is Not the j tile them to justly appreaiate the public De¬ Only One In Which the Ballets Have I nsities which then ruled both the Legisla- Been Paper Ones—Some That Resnlled I ire and the people. In Congress he spoke i all the leading questions which arose dur- in Bloodshed and Which Were Partici¬ ig the war. Among his greatest efforts pated In by Men Well Known, in Phlla- ere his speeches in favor of the homestead ! detpliia. w, in favor of the abolition of slavery, tainst the dismemberment of the Republic! The controversy now going on between J. favor of the right of suffrage to the colored iters of the District of Columbia, in favor Coleman Drayton anrl Hallett Alsop Bor- ’ the Republican policy of reconstruction, jrowc, the sanguinary talk and the paper favor of the resumption of specie pay- and ink duel that has been fought all help j ents and in favor of the fifteenth amend- ] to recall to the minds of old Philadelphians | ent to the Constitution. His last important some affairs of honor that have been con¬ ilitical deliverance was given at his home Warren on the 26th of June. .1880, in favor ducted in similar manner, and in which the election of General Garfield to the residents of the Quaker City have taken part. •esldency. Two gilded youth of Philadelphia town fudge Scofield possessed a most calm and Went out to fight ’ere the sun went down, talytical mental organization. He was But one got sick ways cool, deliberate and incisive in dis- And the other cut his stick, itation, and on. the bench he ever ex- j And quickly left the town bited the highest judicial qualities. Had ’Ere the sun went down. been energetic and ambitious in any de¬ Edward H. Ingram was a well-known es commensurate with his'great abilities, lawyer in this city of literary and convivial would have been one of the greatest idersof Pennsylvania, and could readily tastes who died about 1858. He was familiar / ve won her highest political honors, but with local history, and delighted in ridi- 1 i had little taste for the conflicts of poli- culing the pretensions of what he called the L* s beyond the duties of the forum, and “pewter-plated” aristocracy, and in one of IS liie others climbed or crawled to high po- his squibs he made much fun of the propeu- j w ion, he was ever content to rest upon his irits and await recognition from his party sity of Philadelphians to send challenges that ! 1 d the public. He will stand in history generally ended in a war of pamphlets. H ing with David Wilmot, of Bradford, The jingle quoted above refers to the Griffith ’ d other able Democrats of the North- and Dillon affair in 1830. Colonel Jack Al- l I i and Northwestern counties who severed ston, of Beaufort, N. C., was once called to J sir party associations in obedience to this city to unravel a complication caused by’ ! cere conviction, and revolutionized their two of our city bloods who preferred writing i pective communities and permanently it ersed long-maintained political power. to fighting. He settled the matter by de¬ II vas faith in the integrity of these men claring the entire party a set of Quaker • .tenabledthem tocommand the following duffers who were mutually »afraid and it iheir immediate neighbors, and although couldn’t be hired to fight. His language I' re than a period of a generation has gave great offense, but was not resented. c sed since the political revolutions led by t‘ field and others, their sections of the But there have been duels in Philadelphia ; $ te remain to this day as devoted to the ii se that made them revolt as they were in which no tragic element was wanting. 1 d the fresh inspiration of the aggressive Such was Gen'eral John Cadwallader’s meet¬ r, mgs of the pro-slavery leaders of the land. ing with Count Conway. The general was ilting over the great battles which have a brave, upright gentleman much respected n fought in man’s great struggle for the and liked by Washington. James ConwajS J .-ation of man, the name of Glenni W field stands out conspicuous as one of oili¬ was an Irishman who had been an officer in est Penn si 1 vania actors in those memora- the French army and was sent over here by conflict3. Silas Dean. He at once joined the enemies -, Washington and was by them William Miller, Jr^ was a young lawyer,>r,\ spector general of the army. He was who lived with his father, a retired mer treacherous intriguing scoundrel and showed chant, in a fine old mansion on the south •1J the white feather at the battle of German¬ side of Walnut below Third. There was a 1 town. Cadwallader charged him with it. fine garden attached, running back to Pear / After some delay Conway sent a challenge street. Part of the wall is still standing. J and the meeting came off on the river bank His brother, Edward Miller, was chief en¬ between this city and Trenton on July 4, gineer and subsequently president of the 1778. Conway fired without effect, butCad- Pennsylvania Railroad. William was a quiet, waliader’s bullet struck his enemy fair in studious young man, received in the best the mouth, going out through hi» neck. . society, but ratber retiring in disposition, Conway finally recovered and left the coun¬ i As he was a friend of Drake’s Huuter af¬ try. Cadwallader believed that General fected to believe that he was the author of Mifflin had instigated the duel and tried to the article ridiculing the would-be duelist, bring him to account, but Mifflin crawfished and in spite of his declaimer, on March 17, out of it. 1830, sent him a challenge and subsequently posted him as a coward by placing a notice ' ;y Shortly after the Eevolution Matthew iu the reading room of tbe United States Carey,' an irishman, came to this country Hotel. and engaged in journalism. He was a good- It is claimed that Miller was goaded into |j hearted little man, very upright and sincere, accepting tbe challenge by the -very men but cursed with a bad temper. The political who bad originated the quarrel and had ' contests of that time were exceedingly backed down from fighting. The meeting ( (virulent and bitter, and Carey’s pen was an came off March 31 at Naaman’s creek, in i instrument that constantly promoted strife. Delaware. Lieutenant Wescott, of the navy, r,Colonel Eleazer Oswald was editor of the was Hunter's second, and Lieutenant Byrne Independent Gazette and Chronicle of Freedom. acted for Miller. Tho story is that Hunter He had been a brave soldier in the Conti- , nental army, and had also served in the asked his second: “Shall I wing him or French Army, commanding the artillery at kill him?” And, with an oath, Wescott re¬ the battle of Jemappes. He was a noted plied : “Oh, d—n him; kill him.” duelist and had been out a number of times. Miller acted like a gentleman—fired with-, He and Carey belonged to opposing fac¬ out effect and dropped dead with a bulle> tions, and soon quarreled, Oswald stigmatiz¬ through the lungs. His murderer made L ing Carey as an “ Irish viper,” and Carey, few remarks, blaming Miller’s friends fa: urged by his partisan friends, sent the Col¬ his victim’s death, and this was no dou’i t onel a challenge, which w::s at once accepted. true. He was then driven from the grouj I Carey borrowed Tench Coxe’s pistols, which by Prince Lucien Murat. were nearly two-feet long. He bad never Miller’s body was thrust into a gig andf firod a gun in his life and tried his weapons driven to the house of his relative James) by discharging one up the chimney. A Craig, on Chestnut street, who was the] mutual friend advised Oswald to spare Carey, brother-in-law of Nicholas Biddle. Neither as be was no shot, and it would be unfair to bis friends nor relatives made any effort to take advantage of his helplessness. Oswald avenge his death and the reflections of out¬ replied: “I won’t kill him, but I’ll learn siders on Philadelphia society men were him to keep a civil tongue in his head for both pointed and personal. The State Leg¬ the rest of his life.” islature was in session and at once passed a They met on Windmill Island, and Carey’s resolution asking President Jackson to dis¬ econd, a French merchant named Mamie, miss Hunter and others from the navy, and loaded his pistol, but, it is said, forgot the this was indorsed by the Secretary of the bullet. He stood un bravely and fired, of Navy. Jackson acted promptly and Hunter, course without effoct. Oswald took aim with Wescott. Duryee and Byrne were at once murderous deliberation and hit Carey in the dismissed from tho service of the United hip. It was a cruel wound that kept him States. Hunter was reinstated and took in bed for a year and lamed him for life. He part in the Mexican war and was known as lived to be a loading and useful citizen, and Alvarado Hunter. He subsequently became was the first advocate of the present system an outcast and died friendless and a pauper of American protection. in a New York hospital.

The next affair in this city ended in a No event that ever happened in this city frightful tragedy. Two gentlemen, named made more controversy and commotion in Boger Dillon Drake and H. Wharton Griffith, society than the duel between James Schott, had a quarrel, and Griffith sent a challenge Jr., and Pierce Butler. The high social posi¬ to Drake by the hands of his second, Mid¬ tion of the parties, their wealth and the at-, shipman Charles H. Duryee. Drake refused tendant circumstances suggest an intimate to accept it on the ground that the sender comparison with the present Borrowe-Dray- was not a gentleman. Duryee resented the ton affhir. imputation that a friend of his could he In 1839 Ellen Willing, daughter of Rich¬ other than a gentleman, and, urged by his ard Willing, married James Schott, Jr. M: Schott was very beautiful and very gay, an friends, Drake challenged • Duryoo, who she apparently believed her family’s positio would not accept because Drake failed to raised her above the necessity of observi meet Griffith. The correspondence that fol¬ the usual social conveniences. At this tinib lowed would make a good-sized book, but Pierce Butler was a man about town, with ji (there was no fight. A month afterwards reputation so bad that no self-respeetil r some one in Trenton published a humorous woman would accept his attentions, and l) t account of the affair, ridiculing all the par¬ intimacy with Mrs. Schott was town talj ties. This brought Midshipman Charles G. Finally the husband caught them in Nefl .Hunter, an insolent, overbearing Virginian, I York at the Astor House, both occupyint on the carpet as a friend of Duryee. | land- met at waiway, the same room. He at once sent his wi.e rules regulating the practice of the duello | home, selected his seconds, nearly talked and one of these rules is as follows . them to death, wrote notes by the ream to Anv "entleman charging another genUe- | liis adversary, and after a month’s delay ; challenged Butler. They met on the old battle-ground of IBladensburg on April 15, 1844. Although \ terrlng circumstances, f neglect of this Schott was badly crippled with the gout, his adversary insisted that they should wheel iand fire. Butler had abundance of time to ■>* [take aim, but he missed, and so did Schott. right to demand reparation. The latter got little credit, and Butler none If it were possible to inject common sense |'at all out of the affair, as he was charged into anything so absurd as the Ooue ot with seeking an unfair advantage. And Honor” the above is an instance of it and ! this stuck to him for life and injured him by reason and analogy Mr. Drayton by’his socially among his Southern acquaintances. action has waived his right to claim satisfac¬ tion of Mr. Borrowe. . V I After a trial productive of much scandal, Schott got a divorce from his wife, who sub- j sequentlv married a Belgian nobleman, and M I 'died in Madrid in 1872. She was the grand¬ aunt of the present Mrs. Astor. j ln June, 1845, Mr. Schott’s brother, lb , J ; James, and Mrs. Schott’s brother, Edward S. ' Willing, fought over the matter at Naa- (lb. fiXt- . - C\A C\~)l i man’s creek. Both were wounded, and Mr. I Willing, who is still living, carries a me- 1 mento'of the occasion in a limp caused by a 1 bullet in the heel. John Donkey, the comic '.paper of the time, alluded to tne affair in verso thus: Schott and Willing did agree To light iu duel tierce and hot; Schott shot Willing willingly. And Willing he shot Schott.

] Samuel J. Randall's projected duel with i Charles F. Beck, by the ridicule it created, (about put an end to that kind of Gothic ap- | peal in the Quaker City. Mr. Beak was a studious gentleman and useful citizen, and I from his seat in Councils he denounced ma- ! chine politicians and their works. Randall j w'as extremely belligerent when a young ! man, and ho claimed that Beck had alluded 1 to him, and demanded an apology or a fight. | Mr. Beck would not retract, and in due time 1 received Randall’s challenge. Beck’s an¬ swer was a history of the municipal gov- 1 eminent of Philadelphia, a treatise on the right of free speech, some remarks on, ■ 73 Mr. Randall’s relation to the generation of mules, and euded by advising him not to make an ass of himself. Randall was furious, and sent one of his y Irish, friends with an answer, threatening to post Beck as a coward. Mr. Beck re¬ ceived his visitor at the second-story win- i dow, and addressed him forensically—and i the captain withdrew in a rage, threatening Rev. Mr. Milburn’s Recollections obi 8 to return with a “lather.” Here Randall’s 9 friends interfered and the matter dropped, Famous Congressmen. but Randall was very sensitive to any allu- j| sion to it afterwards—this was in 1834—and njj in 1837 a waggish lawyer suggested to a | young reporter that it would be a good thing CHANGES OF FIFTY YEARS H to see Mr. Randall and get the, history of tho Eft affair for publication, at the same time giv- 1 ing the young man a blood-curdling version The Days of Webster, Calhoun and Clay- ' of it. j How the Venerable Minister Came to Bo The green iournalist called on Randall \ Elected Chaplain of the Twenty-Ninth Con- 1 and stated his errand. That gentleman’s ; | I brow grew black, and he was very curt and j gross. f j snappish in speech, but when the question i ! was asked, “Did Mr. Beck recover from bis • ! wounds?” Randall broke out in a roar of l ; adjectives, and the hapless interviewer es- j if caped down stairs, just missing the pitcher j f that was hurled at his head. j In 1730 the Gentlemen of the West of Ire- j HERE HAVE BEEN he titook a steamboat at Cincinnati for several men in the :ow iHE FIRST BECAME CHAPLAIN. House of Representa¬ It was Friday morning when Dr. Milburn and tives who have hut his friend boarded the steamer and he expected passed the age of twenty to reach Wheeling Saturday night. five years, necessary Among the passengers were several members for eligibility to mem¬ of Congress who were known to fame, and Dr. bership in that body, Milburn thought it would be interesting to | but there is one man, observe these men and listen to their conversa¬ tion, but instead of finding them discussing! -who years ago, when topics of national importance he was terribly j under that age had the shocked by their card playing, swearing and | privilege of speaking in excessive drinking. The steamer was much the House every day and delayed by fogs, and when Sunday morning came was still eighty miles from Wheeling. that man has the right There was no convenient place to land for at this time. The man who has the distinction church, so it was decided to have services on of being the youngest person ever allowed to board, and at breakfast a committee waited on speak in the House is Dr. William Henry Mil- Dr. Milburn and asked him to preach. He says he never has accepted an invitation moregladly burn who came to Washington when he was for he was never more anxious to speak liis only twenty-two years old, as chaplain, in De¬ mind. cember, 1845. At 10:30 a congregation of nearly 300 assem¬ By the sublimity of his thought, his beauti¬ bled, and Dr. Milburn took his place before fully selected words and his musical voice, Dr. them and delivered his sermon. After the dis¬ course proper he says that ho could not resist Milburu has won the name of “The Blind Man the temptation to say a few straightforward Eloquent,” and by that name is known not words to the men who were seated at his right only in America, but in Europe also, for he has and left. Dr. Milburn said to them that he traveled extensively abroad and has charmed thought as members ot the Congress of tl:c United States they should be representatives of audiences in foreign lands as well as in his own the people not only politically, but intellectu¬ country. ally and religiously, but that if he were to judge HIS EARLY LIFE. the nation by them he must consider it a nation

Dr. Milburn was born in Philadelphia Sep- j of drinking men and gamblers. tember 26, 1823, so that he has now reached ; As they were men of influence Dr. Milburn said he thought they should use their power for ! almost the age of three score and ten, but his good. He said that as an American citizen he vigorous constitution indicates that he will far felt disgraced and as a preacher of the Gospel | outlive the days allotted to man. Dr. Milburn he was bound to tell them that unless they re¬ lost the sight of one eve totally and of the j nounced their sins they would certainly be other partially when a mere child. He was , damned. determined, however, to obtain a thorough Dr. Milburn states that he went to his room education and was enabled by his strong will j after the service to think about his short speech to overcome all obstacles. He says that there to the Congressmen and decided to stand bv was a time when he could read, but never with all ha bad said if lie should be called to a reck- that flashing glance which instantly transfers a ouing. AVhiie there some one tapped on the word, aline, a sentence from the page to the door and on being admitted said that he had mind. been selected by the members of Congress on It was a perpetuation of the child’s process, j board to present him a sum of money in token a letter at a time, always spelling, never truly of their appreciation of his fearlessness. They reading. Thus for more than twenty years, had also sent him with the question whether with the shade upon the brow, the hand upon Dr. Milburn would all-ow his name to be used ! the cheek, the finger beneath the eye. to make at the coming election for chaplain of the an artificial pupil, was the reading done. So House of Representatives. They promised to I with great difficulty he prepared for college : work for him if he would permit them to pre- I •and passed through the four years’ course with sent liis name. Dr. Milburn wished a short libhor, but at the cost of his health. He en¬ time in which to taik the matter over with his i tered the ministry in 1843, when twenty years friend, who urged him to ac'cept the offer, and , Old; and during the first twelve years’ itineracy before the boat reached Wheeling he told them accepted pulpits in almost every state of the he would accept their proposal. They went J Union and travelled more than 200,000 miles. forward to Washington and made an effort ; In September, 1845, he went to Springfield, which proved successful \ III., to attend a conference. Having passed So it was by this single bold speech to the I i. two years ai? probation he was at this time or¬ congressmen on the Ohio river steamer that dained. This conference decided to build a Dr. Milburn brought these westerners, who female seminary and a large sum of money was were all admirers of frank people, to respect ' accessary to establish it. It was then custom¬ him and to name him and fight his battle for ary tor the west to call upon the east for aid in chaplain of the House. f such enterprises. After selecting a site for the IN THE TWENTY-NINTH CONGRESS. I! proposed seminary and making out an esti- It was the Twenty-ninth Congress, the first Imate of the sum necessary to put it into opera¬ tion, the remaining act needful was the selec¬ of Mr. Polk’s administration, to which Dr. Mil- I tion of some man' to act as an agent to lay be¬ burn was first elected chaplain. John Wesley j fore the east the educational needs of the west Adams wqa speaker during this Congress and I and that was the appointment which Dr. Mil¬ prominent among the members of the House I burn received for the ensuing year. were John Quincy Adams, who had been Presi- 1 An old friend offered to accompany him on deut of the United States; Geo. P. Marsh of i his travels, and they soon started for Cincin¬ Vermont, who afterward wrote the life of Web-- nati. where Dr. Milburn preached for three ster; Robt. G\ Winthrop, the orator; Hannibal weeks without receiving anything for his Hamlin, Stephen A. Douglas and Alexander H I worthy object, and he saw that be must soon Stephens. work in pastures uew'-if he expected to take At this time Geo. M. Dallas, a man of courtly | any money back to I| ois, and with this idea | m:x :wb. v- » ■5*. ik' ■ * ?• V * -- -i 4-V- -o.. ... —- —i^, in miners, complete seli-possession ana absolute Hannibal Hamlin and Stephen A. Douglas ”impartiality, was presiding officer of the Sen¬ j had gone from the House to the Senate, and 1 ate. That "he was a man of tact is shown by a ; Edward Everett, the man of culture, finished story which Dr. Milburn tells. ! rhetoric and imposing presence, was the most Gen. Ashley and Mr. Sevier were the Sena¬ ■ distinguished man in that body. Other promi¬ tors from Arkansas. Gen. Ashley pronounced nent Senators were Salmon P. Chase, Wm. H. 1] the name of the state as it is spelled and Mr. Seward, Chas. Sumner, Lewis Cass and Wm. J| Sevier as it has since been fixed by the legisla- Pitt Pessenden. jl ture. When Gen. Ashley rose Mr. Dallas al¬ Mr. Lynn Boyd of Kentucky was Speaker of ii ways recognized him as the Senator from the House, and among its members were Na¬ Arkansas, following his pronunciation, but thaniel P. Banks of Massachusetts, Richard when Mr. Sevier stood up Mr. Dallas addressed Yates, who had succeeded Mr. Lincoln as ltep- him as the Senator from Arkansaw,according to resentative, and who a few years later was the his use of the word. war governor of Illinois, and Joshua E. Gid- dings. Th6 two men who later acquired special WEBSTER, CLAY AND CALHOUN. renown by espousing the southern cause were That was the day of Webster, Clay and Cal¬ John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky and Alexan¬ houn. Dr. Milburn, speaking with a Star re¬ der H. Stephens, who became the vice president porter. characterizes Mr. Calhoun as a man of of the confederacy. Jefferson Davis was at courtly manners, unruffled bearing and com¬ this time Secretary of War. manding tone of voice. When he rose to speak, HIS THIRD ELECTION. which was not often, a silence that could be < After an interval of thirty, years Dr. Mil¬ felt rested on the Senate. The attention of every member was held by Mr. Calhoun as he pro¬ burn was for the third time elected chaplain in ceeded with his clear argument. December, 1885, the first Congress of Mr. Standing in tho aisle between his desk and Cleveland s administration, and he has held his neighbor’s, one hand on each desk, without the office continuously since that time. Of all beautiful words, without gesticulation, without the men who were in Congress when Dr. Mil¬ scarcoh' changing even the pitch of his voice, burn was chaplain in the Thirty-third Con¬ without any attempt at oratory, his only effort gress only one was there when he returned. seemed to be to unfold his subject and lay it That man was Senator Colquitt, who entered open to the view of all, and this he did as sel¬ the House in 1853, and after serving through dom any man has done. that Congress was not returned till 1883, when Continuing bis talk about these orators Dr. he entered the Senate. Milburn said that Mr. Webster began to speak During those years the Capitol had been en¬ with deliberation, sometimes during the first larged and the Senate had ‘left the old room of a speech seeming to stop and think for the now occupied by the Supreme Court and had exact word he wished to itse. As he went on taken possession of the magnificent chamber at "dth his powerful argument his interest grew; the north end of the Capitol, while the House, Mut into the force of his argument his whole which had occupied what is now Statuary lgth and with a mighty power held his au- Hall, had moved to the south end of the jse to the last. He made every one who building. neard him think for the time as he did. Their ! The greatest change in the method of con1 minds were controlled by him and he could ducting the congressional business since the lead them where he would. time of Dr. Milburn's first chaplaincy is in that Webster, however, did not seek in his private of reporting. Shorthand had not been intro¬j- conversation to endear himself to people. He duced for reporting congressional proceedings was often reticent, almost to a degree of rude¬ when he came to the House as chaplain in 1845. ness. His manner in this respect was in marked 1 There ivas, however, a man who had attained contrast to that of Mr. Clay, whose affability great speed in abbreviated longhand. This ,, impressed everyone. As an illustration of this i was Joseph Gales, editor of the A'aiionnl Dr. Milburn mentioned the experience of a gencer, for many years the organ of the jiffrhig ministerial friend who was an admirer of Mr. party. When Mr. Webster intended to make a f Clay and who had for many years wished to speech he sent foi- Mr. Gales, who reported it if meet him, but had been prevented by his mod¬ ias near verbatim as possible and they revised it esty from doing so. This friend, while walking after it had been written in longhand. on Pennsylvania avenue one afternoon, saw When Dr. Milburn came as chaplain the * Mr. Clay approaching, and fortifying himself second time, 1853, shorthand was being used p with all the courage he could muster, as they to some extent. In 1848 Mr. Oliver Dver he., met extended his hand and said: “Mr. Clay, I gan the work of reporting in shorthand liuj ■ am the ltev. -, pastor of Wesley Chapel, in 1849Mr.McElhone becamehisassistant. Prom and from boyhood have honored and loved the time of its introduction may be dated the you.” Instantly the minister was made glad decline of congressional eloquence of the old by a roccption full of warmth, for Mr. Clay school. Up to that time speeches were mas”, grasped his hand and spoke pleasantly, and for their immediate effect on the action of t 1 then putting his arm into the preacher’s they houses; now they are delivered to be read lV walked toward the Capitol, the preacher com¬ constituents and the country, ap<> few an pletely at ease. listened to, except occasionally by a noted orator. HIS SECOND TERM AS CHAPLAIN. SUNDAY SERVICES AT THE CAPITOL. When Dr. Milburn came the second time to When Dr. Milburn was in Washington during - the House as chaplain it was in December, 1853, the Twenty-ninth and Thirty-third Congresses the first Congress of Mr. Pierce’s administra¬ it was the custom for the chaplain to hold tion. In tho years that had el-psed Webster, Clay and Calhoun had died and many who occu¬ divine services in the‘House of Representatives I pied seats m Congress at this time were des¬ on Sundays during the session, but this custom | tined to become famous in the great rebellion, had passed out of use when he returned to j either on its battlefields or in legislation affect¬ Washington in 1885. During those early years J ing it. The White House was a home of sor¬ also the chaplains of the House and Senate ar¬ row, for a short time before Mr. Pierce’s inau¬ ranged between themselves as to the time for ; guration his only son had been killed in a rail¬ which they should officiate, each taking a period way accident. Mr. William King of Alabama, of from two to fom weeks, and for that time ; wlio had been elected Vice President on the acting in both houses. ■ ticket with Mr. Pierce, did not live to preside By this arrangement only one chaplain was , over the Senate and the chair was occupied by required at the Capitol each day and the other Mr. AtchisonpfMissouri._ j had all of his time during that period to attend pto other matters. As the chaphuhslvere gem fMiii. __ MWjtfCalUj- ‘A , ill II erally ministers of Washington- churches one heimer’s private diary, kept before, durinjl could during the few weeks that the other was and after the revolutionary period. Thi officiating at the Capitol devote his entire time old manuscript, which has until this tinn to the duties of his church. To enable one remained in the hands of the family, wil chaplain to officiate in both houses the Senate be published in the April number of thi clock was kept ten minutes behind the clock in the House, so that after prayer in the House Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biogra the chaplain could proceed to the Senate and phy, and The Times to-day gives the firs offer prayer there. public glance at its time-stained pages, which I In the olden days also the chaplains were picture high life one hundred years agi nominated under a joint resolution on the in old-fashioned Quaker Philadelphia in ; floor of the two houses, and not selected, as they have been in late years, in party caucus quaint, novel and amusing manner and a with the other officers. the same time furnish much data of loca It has been Dr. Milburn’s wish to return to historical importance. the old manner of electing the chaplains, for 1 Ac the diary was begun during a period o' he believed the office should be taken entirely peace the majority of the early entries an out of politics, and at the election last Decem¬ ber he was nominated on the floor of the full without great public interest to-day. Bu House and received a very large majority of the few of these items have consequently beer votes cast. copied. It starts as follows : While traveling in Europe Dr. Milburn gath¬ 1768, March 12.—Drank punch this after j I ered facts for a number of lectures which he noon with Devi Hollingsworth, who wai has delivered at home. The most interesting I married last Thursday to one of Stephen of these talks are entitled “What a Blind Man Paschall’s daughters. Saw in England” and “What a Blind Man Saw Punch was Mr. Hiltzheimer’s one weak j in Paris.” His lectures have, however, been ness and from the pages of his diary we lean principally biographical. Those by which he has become famous are entitled “Thomas Car¬ the location of every place around town lyle,” “Aaron Burr,” “John Randolph of Roan¬ where this strong drink was mixed. Hid oke” and "Sargent Smith Prentiss.” was a time of constant drinking among al; Dr. Milburn spends an hour in the House classes, when temperance principles were un i almost every day in conversation .with the known or ignored, and when even the mod | members. He generally devotes a portion of the afternoon to calling, and it is safe to say em tippler was an exception to the genera that he makes more calls than any other man rule. Levi Hollingsworth, whom Mr. Hiltz in Washington, for during each session he goes to heimer refers to, was born at Elkton, Md. the houses of every Senator and Representa¬ in 1739. He settled in Philadelphia in 1760 tive, the justices of the Supreme Court, the and for many years following was a con cabinet officers and all people prominent in I spicuous merchant and during the war an 1 the government service. His parish is cer¬- tainly a large one; his church embraces all active supporter of the American cause. oreocxs. _ % HOKCE RACING. 1769, September 28.—At high noon, startet for the £100 purse, Captain James De Lan cey's (New York) bay horse Lath, Mr. Me I A v-. Q) ly-v. \^_ Gill’s bay horse Nonparel, Governor Sharpe’s (Maryland) mare Bmanla, Roberi * Tld worth’s horse Northumberland. Latl, SivCLa. QoJ won! Horse racing was practiced at a very earls I day in Philadelphia. In 1769 the principal .IVvv-.L wUv course was on Race street. It was circular ranging through straggling forest trees. Another course was laid out in Centre Squan as early as 1761 and continued in use unti ILIZHEIMER’S PAPERS 1775. In Mr. Hiltzheimer’s day a trotting horse was deemed an inferior breed, the majority of the meetings at the Race streel I A REMARKABLE OLD DIARY OP COLO¬ course, which was the one he patronized.! being pace races. NIAL TIMES. 1770, March 6.—To-day James De Laucey, o | New York, and Timothy Matlack and othei Friends had a great cock-fight on the Ger¬ RECORDS OF THE REVOLUTION mantown road. Timothy Matlack was a Free Quaker.! He wns a member of the Carpenters’ Hall Life In Philadelphia a Hundred Tears Ago conference and the July convention, and1 »i Noted by a Leading Citizen—Quaint Secretary of State from 1776 to 1783. He i held, later on, many other important mu¬ Memoranda and Historioal Data of nicipal and government offices, and died at Great Interest. Holmesburg, 1829, aged 99. March 15.—Edward Pennington and Clem¬ ent Biddle called with a subscription paper A few weeks ago an article in The Times to encourage the manufacture of silk here. I called attention to the fact that the old Hiltz- subscribed forty shillings. April 16.—Went to WDltam Jones’ todrlnk heimer House, on Seventh street, below punch with his new son-in-taw, Anthony Market, was being pulled down, and men¬ Morris. tion was made of the important place occu¬ May 24.—Bought at sale of Tench Francis’, 2 miles from town, 6 acres of land at £33 per pied in local affairs by the original owner of acre. this dwelling during the revolutionary war. This little farm Mr. Hiltzheimer called It is natural, therefore, that considerable j “Gravel Hill.” It was used for farming interest should be attached to Jacob Hiltz- | only and as a favorite stopping place and ._ v „ in the northern suburbs. It was prob- artillery, with the chief engineer, command- y located in the neighborhood of Eigh- ing 'officer of artillery, quartermaster and 'enth and Brown streets. adjutant general, marched in and took pos¬ July 31.—Attended a turtle frolic at the session of the city of Philadelphia. Mr. Fishing Company’s house given by several young men. „ Hiltzheimer remained away from the city August 31.—Early this morning Timothy until some time after the evacuation by the Matlack and myself went to the race ground British. He was, however, baek in town to see my brown colt Regulus run two miles, Which he did in 4 minutes 15 seconds. again before December 21, 1779, as in that 1772, May 22.—The Hon. Richard Penn, day he recorded in his diary: “Very cold, Governor of the Province, was married to Polly Masters last night, Delaware closed by ice. Lady Washington 1774, May 3.—This afternoon the effigies of arrived from Virginia with seven horses.” Alexander Wedderborne and Thomas The winter of 1779 was perhaps the coldest Hutchinson, Governor of Massachusetts one in Philadelphia on record. Navigation Bay, after hanging for several hours in a was not opened until March 2, 1780. The gallows erected near the Coffee House, were set In flames by electric flame andconsumed next entry of interest was made under date to ashes by 6 o’clock. of January 1, 1781. August 29.—Thomas Cushing, Samuel Timothy Matlack and Whitehead Hum¬ Adams, John Adams and Robert West | phrey this afternoon met In market between Paine, delegates from Boston, arrived this Fifth and Sixth streets.and after some words evening. got to blows. September 5.—This forenoon the General October 2A Early this morning an express Congress met at Carpenter Hall, where they brought the news that Lord Cornwallis had chose Peyton Randolph as chairman and i on the 17lh Instant surrendered with his Charles Thomson, who Is not one of the dele¬ array to his Excellency General Washington. gates, to be their secretary. '■ October 24, A little after 6 o’clock the city THE DIARY BORROWED. was handsomely illuminated in honor of Lord Cornwallis' surrender, but am sorry to Here the diary is for a period discontinued. have to add that many doors and windows “Some friend,” writes Mr. Hiltzheimer, have been destroyed by a sort of people who have no name. [Mrs. Druket in her diary, “in search of information, borrowed the published a few years ago, refers to assaults diaries between 1774 and 1777, and ne¬ made on the houses of Friends who refused m glected to return them.” We are thus de¬ to illuminate.] 1781, November 13. One of the three spys, prived of his record of highly important John Moody, of N. Y.. talten up last Wed¬ events in the history of our country and nesday night In this city, was executed to¬ day on the commons. Edison, one of the city. In the year 1776 Mr. Hiltzheimer be¬ three. Is the one that made known their de¬ came attached to the Quartermaster’s de¬ sign to rob the office of the secretary of Con¬ partment. The first record of interest in gress of such papers as might he of use to the enemy. Edison was formerly clerk in the 1777 reads as follows : office. May 2.—Received an order from Councils of safety to prevent the cutting ot wood at Cen¬ Our next glance is taken at the diary for ter Woods. : 1783, when on February 13, Mr. Hiltzheimer The location of these woods was where the wrote : “ The British King’s speech arrived Public Buildings now stand. in town, wherein he acknowledges the Amer¬ May 22—With Generals Schuyler and Mif¬ ican States independent.” Later, on March ! flin went to Kensington to inspect the boats 24. the record reads: “Yesterday arrived fixed on wagons; afterwards to Schuylkill at this port the sloop Triumph, in 36 days bridge, when we were joined by Mr. Middle- ton and four delegates of Congress. from Cadiz, bringing news of the confirma¬ July 28—To-day paid Jacob Graff, Jr., for tion of a general peace ! ” the house and lot at southwest corner of On December 15, the same year, the fol¬ Seventh and Market streets, and received lowing record was made deed for the same. Price paid £1775. The Illustrious General Washington, after This was the building in which it is co/-'mandlug the army of the United States claimed that Thomas Jefferson wrote the g«y*ti- b cigineight jyears, cai havingua • n'-i given thev Amerl- Declaration of Independence. The Penn Na¬ cans possession of New York again, after tue British held it more than seven years, this tional Bank stands on this historic site to¬ day set out for his home in Virginia. He J day. was escorted a little way out of town by his July 31—At 10 o’clock this evening his ex¬ Excellency De la Luzurue, embassador from cellency General Washington came to town , on his right, John Dickinson, Presi¬ with about twenty Light Horse. dent, of this State, on his left and the City August 24—An army commanded by his Troop of Horse In the rear. The Hon. Robert ■ i excellency General Washington marched Morris and bis lady In a carriage led in the > I through the city, they crossed the Schuylkill advance. on the bridge of boats supposed to be 12,000 From the diary of 1785 we extract the two . men. Sentember 19—At 10 o’clock this morning following items: V news arrived that General Howe's army was April 25.—Went to the State House yard to V crossing at Swede’s ford, which set many look at the trees planted and to be planted _, people moving. Congress and other public bv Samuel Vaughn, and from there to one of bodies left by daylight. I sent George Nel¬ the rooms In the State House to witness the son off with the money, books and papers be¬ printing of money by Barley on his press. longing to the public to Mr. Hunt’s at Tren¬ November 16.—The board met Mr. Vaughn ton, N. J. All iny stock and a load of goods on Walnut street concerning the planting or were sent to Peter Trexlor, in Northampton a row of trees on that street between V lfth county. and Sixth streets. _ September 23. The citizens much alarmed 1787 July 17.—In the afternoon, with my and many moving out. wife, Matthew Clarkson and Mr. and Mrs. September 24. Left the city with my whole Barge rode to Mr. Gray’s terry to see the family; arrived at Bristol, and thence to great improvements made in the garden, Abraham Hunt’s at Trenton. new summer houses and walks In the woods. General Washington and other members of THE BRITISH IN THE CITY. the Convention were present. At 8.30 on the morning of the 26th Lord September 28.—In the Assembly it was pro¬ posed by George Claymore that this House Cornwallis, with two battalions of British recommend to the people to choose a con¬ Grenadiers and Hessian Grenadiers, two vention as soon as convenient to deliberate squadrons of the Sixteenth Dragoons and and confer about the Federal Constitution as recommended by the late convention. rjhls7>ecasloned a long debate. ... m jveungion, wnere a set I1 riotous people had collected to burn in effli, December 10.—To-day the convention rati¬ John Jay, of New York, who lately return! fied the Constitution of the United States by frona England, whither he had been sent t, forty-six to twenty-three votes. Just ten days the President to effect a treaty with thj after the State of Delaware. nation, which he did to the dlssatlsfactkf. franklin’s funeral. ora discontented party. A very interesting entry is that under Washington’s birthday. date of April 21, 1790 : ! Under date of February 22. 1796, we find This afternoon went to the State House. the subsequent record of the celebration of From thence the members of Council and Washington’s birthday that year: eight members of Assembly with our | Speaker, Richard Peters, proceeded to the | At noon the Speaker of the Senate and house of Benjamin Franklin, who died on House, with the members, called on Presi¬ Saturday night, to attend his funeral. 1 j dent Washington to congratulate him on have never seen so large an attendance at i entering his 64th year. He stoodin the mid¬ any funeral. dle of the floor in the back room, where he bowed to each member as he passed into the On the 5th of September, 1791, he wrote : front room, where cake and wine was served. jiBetween 3 and 4 o’clock dined with Prosl- . On the 18th of February the year follow¬ jgjant Washington, his lady and family. I niiot help remarking that the President Is ing, Mr. Hiltzheimer made the following a very plain, easy, sociable man, and of entry: s course beloved by ever person. r"ern*)®ra of the Assembly I dined Writing in relation to the President’s with the President of the United States, who , house, under date of April 10, 1792, Mr. . will letire from that office the 4th day of ?£iCb t\eXti> T1?® sPeater, Latimer, sat be¬ ; Hiltzheimer says: tween the President and his ladv Tsst in The Governor, Messrs. Wells, Gurney, the left of the President. 7 to Rabestraw, Wiliams and myself, commis¬ 4.—Our House adjourned to at¬ sioners, proceeded tothecornerot Ninth and tend in Congress Hall, where the new Presi¬ Market streets, and selected the site for the dent, John Adams, was proclaimed, and President’s house, and at the same time cannon fired on the lot at southwest corner notified the tenants to move at once. feixth and Walnut streets. On May 10 the foundation stone was laid Mr. Hiltzheimer continued his interesting by the Governor in the presence of many diary for about two years after this date, the persons, after which a lunch was served. last entry reading as follows : As the different floors were laid the work¬ September 4, 1798.—X set out for Phlladel- men were always treated to a round of beef phla from Bristol. Called at Mr. Clarkson’s, then at Scatterwaite’s, at mouth of Penny- and punch, and to the commissioners a pack creek. There dined on fish Just taken special lunch was also served. Another MUr«°nin!DKla'^arf- At the eight-mile stone item regarding this house to he found in Mrs. Oeller beg’d I would take her house- this diary was written February 21, 1793 : wlfich'l^did1 U 6 daughter to town with me, When the committee on ways and means Died—54 adults, II children. reported the item £5,000 to finish the Presi¬ dent’s house Albert Gallatin made a motion I Following this record, on thq comer of the to strike out and insert to sell the house and diary in a strange hand is the following en- lot as it now stands. This unreasonable mo- I try : “ Ends September 4, 1798, on account lion did not prevail, however, and £2,500 ad¬ of his being taken with yellow fever on the ditional was added. 6th and departed this life the 13th about 12 THE YELLOW FEVER. o’clock at night.” On the 24th of April this year, we read, _E. Leslie Gilliams.-v| the President and family attended Rickett’s circus, at Thirteenth and Market streets. During the yellow fever epidemic of 1793 Mr. Hiltzheimer and family remained in the city. One of his daughters was taken down with the disease. She was, however, at¬ tended by Dr. Rush and recovered. The diary, contains a daily record of deaths from the fever and much interesting data regard¬ ing its ravages. On September 18 he wrote : In my walk to-day I observed a hearse nun 0 with a blind horse standing in the Friends’ Graveyard and was informed that it is kept there to be ready to convey the bodies of de¬ ceased members to their graves as soon as they are brought to the ground. No one is allowed to carry a corpse. I have also ob¬ Futile Efforts to Have the Govern¬ served a covered cart with a bed in It to transfer the sick to Bush Hill Hospital, call¬ ment Reimburse Them for ing at houses. October 2.—Observed several of the water engines watering the streets by request of Revolutionary Loans. MayorX'larkson. I have been wetting Sev¬ enth street half way to Chestnut, as 1 think it is healthier for us to have more moisture in the air. October 14.—Rode out to Germantown and THE OLD FRONT STREET found it full of Philadelphians, who seemed very anxious to hear the news from the city, PATRIOT MONEY LENDER, i but as soon as they found I had come from there they kept at a safe distance. One entry in the diary for 1795 attracts especial attention. It is dated July 4, and Representative Chipman Revives reads as follows: At midnight I was awakened by a knock¬ An Old and Interesting’ Story of ing at my door, for members of the light horse to assemble at the corner of Fourth Philadelphia's Times of a Cen- 1 and Market streets (his son was a memberl. 53

tury Ago—A Long-Pend¬ l public duties. Among tnese are meiittc^^,., I Jefferson, Madison,. Lee, Steuben, Mifflin, * ing Claim Amount¬ j St. Clair, Bland, Mercer, Jones, Monroe, t | Wilson, and others. The proofs of indebti ing Now to Mil¬ edness on the part of the Government were- | either mislaid or lost. A bundle of papers lions. sent to President Tyler were lost. Many of tlie records were also destroyed when the British burned the Capitol in 1813. To show how the services of this patriotjc Special Despatch to The Press. money lender were appreciated at the time, Washington, April 9.—Senator Sherman the following from an address of James nd Representative Chipman, of Michigan, Madison to his colleages in the Revolution¬ ary Congress is preserved. In 1783 he said: lave received the history of an old Revolu¬ “The expediency of drawing bills on funds tionary claim by introducing in the Senate in Virginia, even the most unquestionable, and House a bill to grant a gold medal to has been tried by us, but in vain. “I am fast relapsing into pecuniary dis¬ the heirs of the late Hayne Solomon, of tress. The ease of my brethren is equally Philadelphia. alarming. I have been a pensioner for some His heirs have made repeated attempts time on the favor of Mr. Hayne Solomon. I to secure reimbursement from the Govern- am almost ashamed to reiterate my want incessantly to you. The kindness of fcment for money advanced to it by their an- friend in Front Street near the coffee house y-estor. Tlif first report was made from the (Hayne Solomon) is a fund that will pre • Committee on Revolutionary Claims in 1848 serve me from extremities; but I never re¬ sort to it without great mortification as he ind the last from the same committee in obstinately rejects all recompense. To neces¬ ibe House in 1865. In the meantime there, sitous delegates he always spares them sup¬ were favorable and adverse reports, but Con¬ plies.” gress never took action in the matter. The LITTLE HOPE FOR THE IIEIRS. history of the claims is an interesting one Any hope the heirs of this patriot may and the testimony shows how hard up some have had of getting back even without in¬ of the Revolutionary heroes were and what terest the money advanced to the Govern¬ distress they would have suffered if Mr. ment and Government officials by him seems 3olomon had not come to their rescue. The to have faded away, flis son,H. M. Solomon, - story is about as follows: who was but 7 years of age when his father THE OLD MONEY LENDER. died in 1784, tried all bis life to have Con¬ gress to do something and on his memorial Hayne .Solomon, a native of , set¬ was the first report made by the Senate tled in this country as a banker and mer¬ Committee on Revolutionary Claims, July chant before the Revolution and was an ar¬ 28, 1S48, by Senator Bright, it was an ad¬ dent supporter of the War of the Revolution. verse report, as there did not seem to he For bis patriotism he was imprisoned early sufficient proof of the loans. These were in 1775 in New York in a loathsome prison afterward secured and subsequent commit¬ called the “Provost,” where he contracted tees reported favorably on the memorial,hut a disease that ended his life just before no payment was ever made. Should the |he war, before he had time to have the claim now- be ‘ allowed with interest tile ' Government reimburse him for the large amount would be over $3,000,000. Mr. mounts he had advanced to help on with Cbipman now proposes to at least recognize [the war. the services of M r. Solomon at, a time when the country was in sore need of “the sinew.1 The inventory of his private estate, as ! of war” by presenting the heirs with a gold led in the Prohate Court of Philadelphia ' n the 15th of February, 1785, showed the medal. Such a medal might cost more following public securities as forming part money, however, than this “two-for-a- ni.ckel” House would feel like |ol' his assets: Loan office certificates,Treas¬ ury certificates, Continental liquidated dol¬ lars, Commissioners’ certificates, and Vir¬ rf'A.ITvv-J ginia State certificates, all to the amount of $353,729.43. The report of the committee in 1865 states that the proof is conclusive (54^vJL-cv ^ C*— that the paymeut for this was never made and the same is yet a valid claim for proper \ C\ 3-f indemnity. I| Mr. Solomon at one time advanced specie to 'Robert Morris, superintendent of finance of the Revolutionary Government, to the 'warkers mum amount of more than $260,000. He also provided means to support the Embassador of the King of Spain, Hon Francisco Feu- GRAVES OF OLD GERMANTOWNERS IN don, who was in secret alliance with the Revolutionary Government, and, whose sup¬ ' FAMILY BURYING GROUNDS. plies were cut off by the British cruisers. This fact was acknowdedged in an official letter from D. M. Reudon to the Governor WHERE DR. DE WITTE SLEEPS General of Cuba. IN DIRE NECESSITY, It also appears that Mr. Solomon sup¬ A Famous Local Mystic and Magician of ported from his private means many of the the Eighteenth Century—His Resting principal men of the Revolution, who, otherwise, could not have attended to their Place in St. Michael’s Churchyard—The Logan Family Burying Ground. [ THE WARNER GRAVES IN ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCHYARD lti old Germantown there are several an¬ and cient private burial plots that have exceed¬ In Memory of ingly interesting historical connections. For- Doctor Jonathan Warner, most among these places is the old “ Warner Who departed this life ground,” situated in the rear of St. Michael’s Decern her 24, 1793. Protestant Episcopal Church on High street. Aged 22 years and 1 month. This little cemetery has been in existence probably since the founding of the German The Doctors Warner, father and son, were settlement, and it has always been used by also magicians, conjurers and diviners and the Warner, or, as the name was originally, disciples of Dr. De Witte. 1'am told, “ Wermer,” family, their friends and connections. Apart from the marble slabs marking their In 1859, the property came into the posses¬ graves, rough, unhewn and uninscribcd sion of St. Michael’s parish by a gift from stones design ire the last resting places of the Misses Morris, who had purchased the more than a dozen other sleepers, of which property many years ago indirectly from the two stones at the lower corner, tradition Warner family. Previous to 1859 the old says, mark the graves of negroes manumitted graveyard was for many years defeerted and [ by Dr. De Witte. The stones marking the famous doctor’s! neglected. grave are to the right of the little cemetery. It stood upon a knoll or hill, and was re-- Dr. De Witte was a native of Wiltshire, Eng¬ garded by the superstitious German folks' land, and came to America in the early part) and small boys in the neighborhood as a of the eighteenth century, having in the haunted spot, and was known as “ Spooks’ i fatherland imbibed the ideas of the mystics. t Hill” or “Mount Misery,” from the fact Upon his arrival in this country he became a that the celebrated Dr. De Witte, physician, friend and associate of John Kelpius, the philosopher and caster of nativities, was in¬ famous “ Hermit of the Eidge.” terred in the enclosure. His grave is marked Of the doctor’s early life and pursuits lit¬ by two rough stones devoid of inscriptions. ; tle or nothing is known, but upon his ar- ' Seventy-five years ago many portentious rival in Germantown he became at once j legends and ghost stories were rife in con- j celebrated, not only as a Bosicrucian, but, irection with this burial place. Two marble also as a skilful physician, a man of science | hea< 'stones still remain tolerably well pre- [ and a lover of nature. It is also known that i serv \d in the old graveyard. They are in¬ he taught Christopher Lehman aud Fraley scribed as follows: the mysteries of the horoscope and the arts of a conjuror and caster of nativities. That i lie was highly respected is proved by the fact! In Memory of that he associated with many of the learned I Doctor Christopher Warner, and scientific men of both this country and ' Who departed this life Europe. There is no doubt that he wasanat-1 February 17, I7S3. uralist and botanist of no mean powers, as he Aged 39 years and ; corresponded with the celebrated Peter 4 mouths. ' Collinson, and was also>an intimate friend of our early botanist, the celebrate^ John Bar- i. . V 55 I? M HWi Watson says that Dr. Do Witte the family cemetery, located on the side of a and, no doubt, dwelt in, a three- ! hill about one hundred to the rear of, stone house in Germantown, situated yards he northeast corner of East Walnut lane the manor. Its situation is charming and l Main street. Proof secured from other | sequestered. The yard is enclosed by a urces substantiates this statement, and it fence of solid stone masonry and everything „ reported that to the rear of his house the about the cemetery is well kept up aud in loctor had a large garden, in which he culti- ated botanical specimens, and where, as lie1 | perfect condition. Plain polished marble 'as a genial man, he made his scientific I foot and head-stones, inscribed only with fiends welcome at all times. the name and date of birth and death, marl, the graves of ten sleepers. The remains of As early as June 11, 1743, John Bartram, James Logan, the builder of Stenton, and when writing to Peter Collinson, describing the friend and • dviser of William Penn, do , visit to Dr. DeWitte, says : not repose among them, as his body was in¬ We went into his study, which was fur- terred in the ground of the Arch Street ished with boohs containing different j Meeting. inds of learning, as philosophy, natural The "first member of the Logan family lagic, divinity, nay, even mystic divinity, buried at Steuton Was James Logan’s graud- 11 of which were the subjects of our dis¬ sou, whose grave is marked as follows : course within doors, which alternately gave | way to botaDy every time we walked in the Georsre Logan. M. D. Born .Septembers, 11755. Died April 9, 1821. j garden. On the 10th of December, 1745, Bartram, Next to his grandfather George Logan was who had again visited Germantown, wrote to I the most distinguished member of the Collinson : j family. He was born at Stenton, but was Now, though oracles be ceased and thee educated principally in Europe. It was in- hath not the spirit of divination, yet accord¬ I tended that he should be a merchant, and on ing to our friend, Dr. Witt, we Friends that his return to this country he was placed in ■ love one another sincerely may, by an extra- ja counting house as an apprentice. Upon j ordinary spirit of sympathy, not only know | attaining manhood, always having had a leach other’s desires, but may have a splrit- 1 ual conversation at great distances one from great liking for the study of medicine. he another. i determined to embrace that profession, j After three years’ study at Edinburgh he .u Dr. Do Witte died January, 1705, at the traveled in France, , Italy and Hoi- 1advancod ago of 90 years, and ho was buried | iland, and then returned home in 1779. by bis faithful followers, the Warners, in 1 th6ir own private ground. Christopher ! He found the affairs of his family in such Warner he had made his residuary legatee. j a very bad condition that he was unable to | De Witte was, without doubt, the last of the j devote himself to the practice of medicine. [noted band of mystics and scholars who era¬ J The estate at Stenton, which he had in- 's igratod about the opening of the last, century, j herited from his father, William Logan, had aud formed this little settlement about been allowed to run down through the rav¬ ! Philadelphia. The first of these to go to his ages of the war, but he determined to restore grave was theiT leader, John Kelpins, of it. Consequently he became a scientific j whom, it is said, Dr. De Witte was a devout farmer, joined the Philosophical Society- I disciple, and whose portrait he painted. wrote papers on agricultural subjects and I gradually drifted into politics. Sympa- | TLere followed the famous “ Hermit of the thizing with Franco, he became a fervmt 1 Ridge ”to the grave—first Matthias and last Democrat. In 1795 he was elected to the w j Johannes Saligins or John Schlee, who died rennsyivama ASsemDiy lor one session. / on the farm of William Levering, of Rox- During the troubles between the Hnited ! borough, April 26, 1745. | States and Franco Dr. Logan undertook, After the death of Dr. Jonathan Warner, ' upon his own responsibility, a mission : ! in 1793, it is very doubtful if any further to the French Directory in 1798, in j burials took place in the old burying ground, and to-day, so it is stated by the Rev. J. K. hopes to prevent war between the ITni’cd: Murpbv, "the present rector of St. Michael’s, States and France. Ho met Talleyrand and ’ no trace of any existing members of the Merlin, Chief of the Directory, and claiine*" j Warner family can be found in Gerinan- ! to have been successful in his mission. Hii town. efforts created much excitement and indi “As the graveyard is now useless,” said nation among the Federalists, who were o i Mr. Murphy, “ it has required all my influ- posed to his measure. At one time the fe. I ence and care for the last twenty-five years ing was so high that Congress, in 179 to preserve the little that is left of it. My passed a law, sometimes called the “ Lojja- good parochial officials would obliterate act,” which declared it to be a crime® everything, but I sympathize deeply with any American citizen to influence the cob/so I the feeling that would keep carefully any- of diplomacy or to presume to make trejfles | thing belonging to ‘Auld Lang Syne.’ ” with foreign nations. Growing close by the grave of Dr. De W itte is to be seen a fine old mulberry tree, planted But the obloquy to which Dr. Logan* was about sixty years ago by Dr. Philip Syng subjected did not, however, affect his si aid¬ Pbysiclt-during the silk worm speculation in ing with his own party, as he waq Philadelphia, which much resembled the elected to the Assembly for the sei) l tulip craze of Holland. Dr. Physick had his cocoonery built in 1798-99. In 1801 he was appointed a J I Germantown "ud planted many trees in the Senator in place of General Peter j neighborhood of the old graveyard as a food berg, who had resigned. Notwith supply for his worms. the “Logan act” he again endeavor later period, to save his country On the grounds of famous old Stonton, In 1810 he undertook a Voluntary ; James Logan’s country seat, is to be found France to advise and hoping tj , , •' V. T

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o. j.TIN'U •

_ _ THE LOGAN BURYING_GROUND. ™ Bj_ English statesmen of the wrongfulness off ! at Stenton, and after his death some of his their conduct towards the United States. i children, of whom there were five, occupied This time his efforts failed and he retired j the property. from public life to Stenton, where he de¬ I The last interment in the little graveyard voted himself to the practice of his profes¬ ; was that of Mary Norris Logan, who was sion until his death. born April 17,1807, and died October 3,1886. There is an old vault in tne Logan ground Close by the grave of her devoted husband tunneled into the side of the hill. Tradi¬ rests all that is mortal of Deborah Norris tion says that this vault is connected with Logan. She was the daughter of Charles the house by an underground passageway, Norris, and was born in the old Norris man¬ and that it was built by James Logan as a means of escape should his house be attacked sion on Chestnut street between Fourth and by Indians. In Logan’s time the entrance Fifth, on the 19th of October, 1761. On the to this vault was no doubt concealed by un¬ 6th of September, 1780, she was married to derbrush and long grasses, but Mis now Dr. Logan. Mrs. Logan was an accom¬ plainly discernable at a distance. plished woman, of literary and antiquarian E. Leslie Gilliams. tastes. It was she who arranged and copied her husband’s papers, which are the founda¬ tion of the Penn and Logan papers, in the possession of the American Philosophical So¬ ciety, two volumes of which have been pub¬ lished by the Pennsylvania Historical So¬ ciety. Mrs. Logan survived her husband nearly eighteen years, and died February 2, 1839, at Stenton.

(Besides her historic tastes she possessed some poetic ability, and in 1815 she wrot^ for her relatives, William Logan Fisher and .Sarah Fisher, the following old-fashioned BONNET TO STENTON. y peaceful home; amidst whoso dark green shades Apd sylvan scenes my waning life is spent, »C|Nor » without... blessings . aud... desires content! It dives Way at Last to Again the Spring illumes thy verdant glades. And rose-crowned Flora calls the iEonlan maids Improvements. To grace with songs her revels, and prevent By charmed spells the nipping blasts which K Sent From Eurus on the stormy north prevates. 1 REMINISCENCES OF HAPPY DAYS Her treasures—still ’tls mine among thy [ graves. Musing to rove, enamor’d of the fame Two Hundred Dwellings Will Bo Of him who reared these walls, whose classic i lore Built on the Ground—Other Im-> For science brightly blazed, and left his j name provements-Building Permits Is Indelible—by honor, too, approved. And virtue cherished by the muses’ flame. sued and Transfers Made. After the death of Dr. George Logan his son, Altanus C. Logan, lived with his mother I The demands of a growing city ■ ~~ ice more encroached upon one of Phil¬ HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS OF THE SPOT adelphia’s landmarks, which is to be demolished, and the old Lamb Tavern, -hich lor more than a century has been THE MOST FITTING PLACE IN THE COUNTRY used as a resting place lor man and beast, is to give place to modern resi¬ FOR SUCH A MEMORIAL dences. , 101o Some time previous to the war ol 181- Mayor Stuart gave a leDgthy hearing yes* the inn was built on the old Lamb Tav¬ terday to the friends and opponents of th« ern road, a thoroughfare running oft o ordinance gran ting permission to the Society Broad street above Diamond, and no\ of the Cincinnati to erect its equestrian known as Wissahickon avenue. The statue of General Washington In Independ. tavern was built between two roads, ence Square. The hearing began at 12 o’clock __ one knownKnow as^ the “Falls*■ -- road and the and was not over until 3 o’clock P. M. Dur¬ ing that time the large reception room of other "Turner's“Turner’s ^ne.’’wuc. The old build- inr for the past few years has only been the Mayor’s office was filled with interested a memory of the days when jv man persons, including members of the Society of the Cincinnati, the City Jfarks Associa¬ sought his pipe and glass from the hands of a white-aproned, rosy-cheeked tion, the Colonial Dames, the New Century Club and other organizations. bar-maid, and sat before th? taP-roo“ The ladies, of whom over thirty wer< fire to enioy himself. In its day it was a present, occupied chairs at the right of hif famous hostelry being the rendezvous Honor’s desk. Among them were Mrs. < for coaching and sleighing paities. it Deborah B. Coleman, President of the Colo¬ was a haunt for actors and professional nial Dames; Mrs. Mary E. Mumtord, Presi¬ men the late Edwin Forrest being par¬ dent of the New Century Club; Mrs. E. D. ticularly fond of iis good cheer. John Gillespie, Mrs. Ernest Zautzinger, Mrs. Ivloppe was landlord at the time, and his Thomas A. Scott, Mrs. John Sanders, Mrs. sonf a mere lad, could imitate Forrest to Crawford Arnold, Mrs. John Harrison,Mrs. J. Dundas Lippincoit, Mrs. George W. The truck patch that was attached was Roberts, Mrs. Lundy, Mrs. James Wiusor, run bv the landlord’s wife, who brought Mrs. I. Eisner Corlles, Mrs. S. A. Irwin, i toe produce to market. Years passed Mrs. Edward P. Davis, Mrs. Bradford, Miss and the farm was given up im a-bnck Emlen, Miss Dulles, Mrs. Dr. Thomas H. ward, operated by Thomas H. Flood, Andrews, Miss Blight, Mrs. Brinton Coxe, ! and within a few days William Rhoads, ; Miss Wharton, Mrs. Wilson. the builder, has secured the grognd, The gentlemen were grouped about the upon which ho will erect 200 houses. room, and most of them were obliged to Mr Flood will move his plant to a tlact stand, so great was the crowd. Among of thirty acres at Old Front street and them were: William Wayne, President, Freetown Lane, which hehas purchased and Colonel J. Biddle Porter, William Wag- from C. 0. Moore for §100,000. . ener Porter, William McPherson Hornot and Dr. Charles P. Turner, members of the Society of the Cincinnati; Redwood War¬ LEDGER ner, Thomas Stewartson, Henry T. Coates, ■ PUBLIC J. Dundas Lippincott, Dr. T. H. An¬ drews, Clayton McMichael, William Platt Pepper, Edward Shlppen, L. Clarke Davis, Rutus E. Shapley, Mayer Sulzberger, John Cadwaloder, *L. P. Ashmead, John A. T, ANJD SAHA TRANSCRIPT. Clark, James M. Beck. Ell K. Price, Jr., A Rev. John P. Lundy, Herbert Welsh, J. JI Bayard Henry, J. Willis Martin and Colonel >jj FhUadelpl»iiH; :Welinesrta5^ March 9,1892, O. C. Bosbyshell, Samuel C. Wells. Mayor Stuart listened with patience and WASHINGTON MONUMENT courtesy to all that was said, and although ft Ti. _W' .. the proceedings were lengthy, and wearied many of the men who were obliged to stand through it all, the Mayor was as attentive to arguments before the mayor the last speaker as to the first, and did not ■ ad'ourn the hearing until everyone who de¬ UPON THE QUESTION OF SITE. sired to do so had expressed his or her views. The opponents of the Independence Square j site made a strong presentation of their OBJECTIONS TO INDEPENDENCE SQUARE case, both in the numbers and character of the persons who joined in the protest, and in the facts which they laid before the I THZ COLONIAL LAMES AND OTHERS SAT Mayor. The main objection to tfe» site on the part of the ladies, as stated by Mrs. THE STATUE THESE WOULD BH Zautzinger, was that the location of any monument in Independence Square was in violation of the spirit which gave the ground A DESECRATION AND DISGRACE to the public and notin harmony with the sacred sentiments which cluster about the spot. • ‘it has been said so often, ’ ’ said Mrs. Zantzinger. < ‘that it is not such a large mon¬ | WHY THE SOCIETY OF THE CINCINNATI ument as some people are trying to make ASKS FOR THAT LOCATION. out. We don’t care whether it wilt be44 feet high or one inch high, its very presence in Independence Square will be a desecra¬ tion.” This, and the objection that “the 58

when a grateful people scatter flowers over was too smalt” and “the location their graves. not adapted to artistically exhibit the real The members of the Loyal Legion believe beauties or the monument,” were the mala points asserted against the selected site. that there should be one great building set The ladies declared emphatically that they apart, where the memory of the dead soldiers were not interested In any other site, and would constantly be kept alive and the relies did not care where the monument should and memorials of the war preserved. They be put so long as It did not intrude upon In¬ also believe that there is no city in the dependence Square. Union more suitable for this project than In behalf of the Society of the Cincinnati It was contended that a proper appreciation that of the city of American independence, of the historical associations connected with and in accordance with that belief they are Independence Hall made the square the putting forth their utmost endeavors to have most fitting place for the monument. There the project brought to a successful culmina¬ was most intimate association between the tion. From the designs reproduced in this liberty written in ink by the signers of the article will be selected the plan of the build¬ Declaration and the liberty written in blood 7 by' Generai Washington and his followers, ing to be erected. it was declared, and the sentiment which THE PLAN’S INCEPTION. could not associate the two was of a most The jdea of such a memorial building singular quality. originated with Dr. H. E. Goodman, of this An Interesting phase of the hearing was the manner in which 10 ladies exercised city, who with the rank of lieutenant colo¬ their liberty of speech by interrupting the nel, saw service in the old Twenty-eighth men while speaking and insisting upon | Pennsylvania Regiment as its surgeon. At having “the last word.” The interrup¬ a meeting of the Pennsylvania Commandery tions were timely, and the points scored by of the Loyal Legion May 5, 1886, he em¬ the ladies were so telling as to evoke laugh¬ ter and applause from the men. Several bodied his ideas in a series of resolutions, times it was necessary for Mayor Stuart to which were adopted and officially promul¬ rap for order when the laughter became toe gated on August 12 of the same year. hearty. The ladies announced at the star) A committee of twenty-one, of which Dr. that “they would demand a woman’s priv- ' • Goodman was appointed chairman, met for ilege, to < say the last word,’ ” and Mayor j organization September 22, 1886, and a sub- Stuart courteously assured them that, “It ] committee of five on plan of organization would be granted to them. ’ ’ 1 was appointed, which completed its labors : during the winter, and on Jauuary 26, 1887, I perfected a plan of charter, which was ac- j ceptcd and adopted by the Pennsylvania ' Commandery on February 2, 1887. A char¬ ter was procured April 21, 1888, the Board of Governors for the first year including Generals Sheridan, Hayes, Hartranft, Mer¬ rill, D. McM. Gregg, Colonels Nicholson, PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 14, 1891. Goodman, II. E. Goodman, R. Dale Benson and Biddle representing the army, and Thomas S. Harrison, Charles M. Burnes and Fred Schober representing the naval branch OYAL LEGION LIBRARY ^rf the service. Active operations commenced at once, sev¬ eral sites were submitted for approval and EARNEST WORK BEGUN IN BEHALF OF the finance committee laid their plans tor soliciting subscriptions. The Johnstown THE PROPOSED BUILDING. disaster blocked the way, however, and the j thousands of dollars subscribed for that ob¬ ject and the immediate demand for it led ITS SUCCESS NOW ASSURED the board to suspend operations for some time. In the meantime an appropriation by the State of $50,000 was procured, contingent The Pennsylvania Commandery of the on the raising of double that amount by the Loyal Legion Pledged to Raise Funds commandery. With this additional lever, for the Erection ot a Memorial In the success was assured, and on April 15, 1892, I the twenty-sixth anniversary of the death Shape of a Free War Library and Mu¬ j of Abraham Lincoln, and of the birth of the seum—The Corner-Stone to be Laid Next | Military Order of the Loyal Legion, the Spring.__ I corner-stone of the War Library and Museum ! will be laid with appropriate ceremonies. The movement started by the Pennsylva¬ ON BUSINESS PRINCIPLES. nia Commandery, Military Order of the Up until July 1, 1891, General Rutherford Loyal LegioD, for the erection of a free B. Hayes was president of the Board of Gov¬ library and museum in this city where the ernors, having succeeded General Philip II. relics of the late war will be preserved and Sheridan, but being unable to givo the work the memory of the thousands of patriots who the attention it demanded in the active .fought and died for the cause of freedom ■ operations of the past few months he re- fcept green, is nearing the critical point. ; signed, and Colonel John P. Nicholson was 'While there are a number of monuments ! elected to succeed him. erected in memory of commanders and With wonderful celerity Colonel Nichol¬ [heroes who distinguished themselves m son. who has beeu connected with the pro¬ battle, the great mass of the soldiers, upon ject from its inception, lubricated the ma¬ whom the real labor'devolved, seems to be chinery of the board and in a short time per- j ^forgotten except on one day of the yeai\ |

\ V. -W ' .k'. LlE'ifT mm

LlW HElSEJkL

monumental memorial to her dead soldiers, fected its workings on business principles, ■ unsurpassed in originality of design or m- An office has been opened at 723 Walnut , street, where, with Colonel Sylvester Bon- C6^ ' promoters of the project. naffon, chairman of the building committee, as business manager, all the labor and cor¬ The president of the new organization is respondence of the board has been concen¬ Brevet Lieutenant Colonel John P. hiicho - trated. • son, of the Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania In The members of the Pennsylvania Com- fantrv Colonel Nicholson joined the intan mandorv are pledged to raise the funds to try July 3. 1801, and his military career r build this grand memorial, and they feel told by this record : Sergeant, July ~ > * assured that the citizens of our city and regimental commissary sergeant, August, 2 State will lend a generous hand to the pro¬ mn ■ discharged for promotion July -1 ject when called upon. Representative men iZro.’ first lieutenant Twenty-eighth tom. are at the head of the movement, men who have the confidence of the public, who are sylvania Infantry, July 21, 1862; first liet determined in their effort and who declare tenant and quartermaster, September It that though dilatory for years, Philadelphia 1862; honorably mustered out, October 11 shall eventually retrieve her neglect and 1865; brevetted captain Lnited_ ..tates 1 o ■present for the admiration of her citizens a liuteers. March 13, 1565, to*; ,22 meritorious services; major, March lJ.jK.of He was brevetted major Lmited St for'gallant and meritorious services in the ; army September 10, 1862, “ for gallant nuvanuah and Carolina campaigns;” lieu¬ meritorious services against the rebel forces [ tenant colonel, March 13, 1865, “for eallant | in North Missouri;” lieutenant colonel Sep¬ id meritorious services during the war.'’ ; tember 10,1863, “ for gallant and meritorious | ■lected May 7, 1878, Class I, Insignia 18J0; services in the capture of Little Rock,Ark.;” ■ acorderof thecommaudery. August21,1879- j colonel March 5, 1865, “ for gallant and meri¬ 1888; representative from the commaudery torious services against the rebel forces in to the fourth and fifth quadrennial congress j Northwest Georgia under the command of of the order. He is a member of the firm of the rebel General Wofford, and which ter- 1 Paulson & Nicholson, book-binders. I The secretary of t he organization is F red¬ j ruinated in his surrender brigadier gen¬ erick Schoberi He was a third assistant eral United States volunteers March 13,1865, engineer (midshipman) United States y, “for gallant and meritorious services during June 23, 1863; second assistant engineer the war ;” elected December 6, 1865, class I, (master) July 25, 1866 ; resigned and honor- insignia 100; Council of the Commandevy ' ably discharged June 9, .1873. Elected No¬ 1887-1888. General Morrill is on the retired vember 6, 1S78. Class I. Insignia 18o3. list and is a member of the Union League of The treasurer is Brevet Colonel Samuel Philadelphia. Goodman, who wassecoud lieutenant Twenty- Richard Dale Benson was a private of the eighth Pennsylvania Infantry October lo, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania artillery 1861: first lie .tenant and adjutant November from April 24, 1S61, and was mustered out 13 1861: honorably mustered out August o, August 5, 1861. He became second lieuten¬ ! 1864. Brevctted captain, major, lieutenant , ant of the One Hundred and Fourteenth colonel and colonel United States yiun- Pennsylvania Infantry August 11, 1862; teers March 13, 1865. “ for galiant and first lieutenant, January 1, 1863, and was meritorious services at the battles of Cedar honorably mustered out May 29, I860. He Mountain, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Get- was brevetted captain and major United , tysburg, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, States Volunteers March 13, 1665, for con¬ Ringgold, Mill Creek Gap, and Kesaca. spicuous gallantry at the battle of Chancel- Elected April 7. 1669. Class I. Insigma lorsville, Va. Elected January 5, 1831, 1 037. He is of the well-known Chestnut class I, insignia 2,123. He is president of street firm of Harrington & Guodman. the Pennsylvania Fire Company and di¬ Brevet General Lewis Merrill is one of the rector of a number of financial institutions. I most earnest promoters of the scheme. He General Paul Ambrose Oliver was second was a cadet at the United States Military ’ lieutenant Twelfth New York Infantry Feb- • Academy July 1, 1851; brevet second lieu¬ ruary 3, 1862; first lieutenant May 30,1S62; ! captain April 12, .1864: transferred to Filtli tenant First United States Dragoons, July 1, 1855; second lieutenant Second Dragoons, New York Infantry June 2, 1864 ; resigned and honorably discharged May 0, 1865. ° He December 13, 1855; first lieutenant Second Dragoons (Second United States Cavalry), , was brevetted brigadicrgcncral United States i Volunteers March 8,1665. Elected January April 24, 1861; captain. October 1. 1861; 1,14,1880. Class I. Insignia 1,958. He is a , major Seventh Cavalry, November 27, I860; 1 manufacturer of powder in Luzerne county 1 : retired May 21, 1886; colonel Second Mis¬ ( Penna. * ' * souri Cavalry (Merrill’s Horse), August,-o, j Colonel Sylvester ; 1861; honorably mustered out of volunteer , _ Bonnaffon. Jr.. entered I the service as a private Ninety-ninth Pennsyl- ' service December 14, 1865. vamaTxfantry December 14, 186l~; corporal 1, 1862 ; first lieutenant September 24, 1S64 : j April 1,1662; sergeant May 1,1862; discharged captain April 20, 1865; honorably mustered . for promotion August 1,1862; second lieuten¬ out July 1, I860; second lieutenant Twen- ant Ninty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry Aug. [ ty-first United States Infantry May 22,1

declined May 28, 1867; brevetted major JTLTeuTe n a nfXolo d e I S. Bnnnaffon.Jr., Colonei LJilted States Volunteers March 13, 1865, -t,. T ~"ief Engineer Jackson Me ■ f°r gallant and meritorious services at tbe .1i!.?rlel!'x.-Caf3ta,n Henry X. Rirtenhouse, As¬ | battle of Boyd ton Plank Road, Va ■” lieu- sistant Engineer B redericli Scbober. ' , tenant colonel March 13, 1865, for gallant | and meritorious services during the war ” | E^cted May 5, 1880. Class I. Insignia "•Out*. Colonel Bonnaffon was colonel Third ^ ii't A. X \J2_ I I Regiment, N. G. P. [ _ The following committees have the in charge : Executive committee — Brevet Brigadier General Lewis Merrill, Brevet Major General Cl|wJL Tam»«aI" i/reg"' Brevet Brigadier General ter pbA'i? A-e oActlnsvAsslstant Paymas- Tam^ c 11 rD*> Jr-> Brevet Colonel vf Biddle. Finance committee — Brevet Major K. Dale Benson, Captain vV. I V^f er’ lieutenant Colonel N. C. Mitch¬ ell, Acting Paymaster Thomas S. Harrison | Breve! Colonel Samuel Goodman. Library and museum committee—Brevet Brigadier f ■fl'Vj'p 1t?uI A- Oliver, Brevet. Major Gene- l V, • • B. Hayes, Captain E. E. Potter. Brevet Eecent Additions to the Pleasi \V1J Coffin Uart Lambert, Brevet Major E. N v . Co ffi n. B midi n sr co m 1711t tee — B re vet Grounds of the People, f . ,EVIVAL OF PENN’S PLAN EARUY SUBDEBAN SQUARED If the adjoining districts had been laid out 1 in accordance with Penn’s idea there would orts to Secure Breathing Spaces1 have been at least eight or nine open squares reserved in the space between Vine street Before it is Too Late. and what is now Diamond street, and half a dozen in the lower part of the town. Un¬ fortunately, while the rectangular arrange¬ GEEEN SPOTS AMOHG THE BEIGES ment of streets was extended,' the import¬ ance of reserving any part of the space for public use was overlooked and the only l JjJomprehensive Glance at All the Parks squares secured were rather by accident than I design. j and Squares in Philadelphia, With a About 1838 the Legislature appropriated Brief Deserijition of Those Reserved in the plot of ground now known as Passyunk Square, between Wharton and Reed and the City and Suburbs as a Result of the Twelfth and Thirteenth streets, for use as a Movement for Small Parks. . parade ground for the volunteers of the First Division of Pennsylvania Militia. The en¬ closure was used on a few occasions for mili¬ It is well known that William Penn, in tary purposes, but as no appropriation was made to put it in order, it remained a dusty riginal project of the city of Philadel¬ field until after the consolidation of the city, I phia, expressed the wish that it should be when the Councils ordered the western part appearance like “a fair green country of the ground to be laid out as a public i town, which would never be burnt up and square, since which time it has been leveled Iways wholesome,” and it was in accord¬ and improved by planting trees, laying ance with this idea that portions of ground walks, sowing grass, enclosing with iron were reserved in the plan of the city for use railings and lighting with gas lamps. By an act of Assembly, in 1835, the Com¬ as public squares. In the Founder’s descrip¬ missioners of the district of Southwark j tion of Thomas Holme’s “Portraiture of were authorized to purchase a lot of laud in ' Philadelphia” we read: “In the centre of the district, “ to be kept open for a public | the city is a square of tefi acres; at each square forever in the same manner that the angle are to be houses for public affairs, as a public squares in the city of Philadelphia meeting house, Assembly or State House, are kept open.” In pursuance of this au¬ rket house, school house and several thority the Commissioners, just before the consolidation in 1354, purchased a lot belong- | ildings for public concerns. There are ing to the Miller estate, situated between j o in each quarter of ye city a square of Third and Fourth streets and bounded by ; t acres, to he for the uses as the Moors- Washington avenue and Federal street. This ld in London.” >• ground was called Jefferson Square and it

THE CITY SQUARES. was laid out by order of the city after the j consolidation and improved with trees, grass j fm’ Centre, afterwards called Penn Square, ; and walks. was the first of these parks to be put to IN KENSINGTON. public use, as a Friends’ brick meeting house Fairhill Park, bounded by Lawrence, fe; was built in 1(585 on a portion of this prop- Fourth and Huntingdon streets and Lehigh 1 I erty. And almost immediately after the avenue, was the next park secured to the i | settlement of the city yearly fairs wore held public** This property was originally a por-1 there, and at one time the Water Works oc¬ tion of the Fairhill estate, which belonged , cupied the middle of it. This square re- to Isaac Norris, of Fairhill, who bought ained in existence and in use—being in a portion of it as early as 1713. This ground later years cut into lour by Broad and Market was given by the Norris' heirs, in 1848, to H streets—until the 12th of August, 1872, when the Commissioners of Kensington to be held , the first stone of the foundation of the sew for public use as a public walk or green for- j Public Buildings was laid. The other squares ever, and to be used for no other purpose I shown on the original plan of the. city, whatever. namely, Southeast or Washington Square, ' On April 6, 1848, the Norris heirs gave to Northeast or Franklin Square, Northwest j the Commissioners of Kensington an addi- i or Logan Square, and Southwest or Ritten- t. tional piece of ground — Norris Square, : house Square, are among the most highly hounded by Susquehanna avenue, Diamond, Howard and Hancock streets—to be used for prized features of Philadelphia. the same purposes as Fairhill Park. Independence Square was the only addi- j Originally Shackamaxon Square, hounded tional “breathing place” that was pur-j ' by Frankford road, Beach, Maiden and | chased for the public in the old city. This Manderson streets, was acquired by the Com¬ - property was bought in 1729 by order of the missioners of Northern Liberties for the ac- I General Assembly of Pennsylvania for the [ commodation of the Point Pleasant Market, j purpose of building a State House. By an built in 1819. In 1850 this market house was taken down and the name Shackamaxon j i passed in 173G the ground south of the Square given to the enclosure. At the mo¬ State House building was ordered to be j ment one of the public bath houses occupies enclosed and remain a public green and tiiis site. l>; walk forever.” The same declaration was I The old boroughot Germantown possessed fe made by act passed in 17(52 and by an act a small plot of ground in tlie centre of the f: passed in 1S16 when the State, of Pennsyl- town, where Church lane and Schoolhouse 1 vania sold the buildings and ground to the lane join the Main street, which was given to city of Philadelphia. 63

-a- ■ -—- , __ tbs borough by James Delaplaine at the be¬ wark. Some other bits of land had been ginning of the last century. A market acquired for utilitarian purposes and after¬ house formerly stood here and it is still wards dedicated to the public, but the only known as Market Square. About twenty attempt to follow the pattern_ set by Penn years ago it was suitably enclosed and im¬ was by an occasional gift, of which very little proved and the soldiers’ monument now oc¬ use was then made. Two other such gifts, cupies the centre. Though small, it forms, though of later date, may properly be re¬ with the fine old dwellings and the handsome corded here. modern buildings facing it, one of the most On the 11th of July, 1864, the Councils j picturesque bits in this beautiful suburb. The city is also the owner of a considerable accepted by ordinance, Union Square, a plot of ground between Germantown ave¬ triangular piece of ground bounded by But- ■ tonwood street, Fifth street and Old York nue and Green street, and bounded by La¬ fayette street, which was purchased by the road. This space had been occupied by old buildings which were bought by owners of borough just before the consolidation for the erection of a town hall. The cost of both property in the neighborhood, and torn down ground and building was assumed by the when the square was dedicated to public use. At the intersection of Sixth street and city. Part of the “Town Hall lot,” as it was commonly known, has since been used Germantown avenue is also a little triangu¬ lar piece of land called Thouron Square, which for a school house, a police station, etc., but was dedicated to public use about 1876. there is quite a valuable green space remain¬ ing. FAIRMOUNT PARK. HUNTING PARK. Even the acquisition of Fairmount Park,"' For many years forty-five acres of ground though begun some years before, only began 1 at the intersection of Nicetown lane and the to take actual shape about the time of con^l old York road were known as the “ Hunt¬ solidation, and it required a great deal of ing Park Pace Course.” In 1854 this prop¬ urging on the part of far-sighted and gener¬ erty was purchased by a number of gentle¬ ous citizens to interest the city authorities in this great undertaking. The history of men, some of whom were interested in real Fairmount Park lies outside the scope of estate in the vicinity, and presented to the the present article, and it will suffice to re¬ city. It was accepted by Councils and on call a few leading dates. The first purchase j the 10th of July, 1856, the ground was dedi¬ was in 1812 for the purpose of obtaining 1 cated free of access for all the inhabitants a supply of water free from impurities. \ of the city and for the health and enjoyment The construction of the Water Works was j of the people forever. By act of April 4. followed by the laying out of the I 1872, the Commissioners of Fairinount Park ground on the west side of the hill were given control of Hunting Park and from Callowhiil street up to and in front of authorized to open a street from Fairmount the pumping house. During 1825 the Fair- to Hunting Park and keep it in repair as a mount Gardens were opened and at once be¬ park road. came a show place of the city. On July 24, It will be observed that up to the time of 1844, the city purchased the “Lemon Hill ” consolidation only a single piece of prop¬ estate, formerly the country seat of Robert erty had been bought for the purpose of a Morris. It was not, however, until Septem¬ public square—Jefferson Square in South¬ ber 15, 1855, that the Councils by ordinance “devoted and dedicated ” theestatoto public THE STARR to be known by tfio name of'Fairmount that provision of the act being carried out. k. Many subsequent additions have been In February, 1888, the committee on muni¬ :le along the Schuylkill river.Wissahickon cipal government reported an ordinance to ;d Cresheim creeksand Paper Mill run,until authorize the Chief of the Bureau of Surveys 'airmount Park at prosent is situated on to place upon the city plan seven parks, as th sides of the Schuylkill river and Wis- follows : Bartram’s Garden, in the Twenty- ickon creek, extending from Callowhill seventh ward; Girard Park and Wharton eet to the northern boundary of Phila¬ Square, in the Twenty-sixth ward; Wecca- delphia and comprising 2,805.93 acres, lying coe Square, in the Third ward; Lehigh within the Fifteenth, Twenty-first, Twen- Park, in the Twenty-eighth ward, and Mc¬ j ty-second, Twenty-fourth, Twenty-eighth, Pherson Square and Juniata Park, in the I Twenty-ninth, Thirty-second and Thirty* Twenty-fifth ward. A vote on the ordinance | fourth wards. was, however, never reached, and as the term of the then Councils expired in April THE NEW PARKS. the ordinance died a natural death. Public sentiment in favor of more breath¬ What Has Been Done to Increase the ing places had, however, been aroused, and People’s Breathing Spaces. in the spring of 188S “ The City Parks Asso¬ ciation of Philadelphia7 was organized. On By the act of consolidation of February 2, the 9fch of May a public meeting has held at 1854, it was made the duty of the_ Councils Association Hall. Ex-Governor Hoyt pre¬ to obtain, by dedication or purchase, within sided, and among those present weve many the limits of the city, an adequate number persons, who had given much time and of squares or other areas of ground, conveni- J thought to the subject, including Mrs. Brin- ton Coxe, Mrs. J. P. Lundy and Eli K. ent of access to all its inhabitants, and to lay I Price, Jr. Addresses were made by Ex- out and maintain them as open public1 Governor Hoyt, President Smith, of places for the health and enjoyment of the the Common Council; Charles Emory people. Apart from the list of parks and Smith, A. K. McClure, Rev. Dr. S. D. squares given above, for nearly thirty years McConnell and Dr. J. William White, all of little or no attention was paid by the Councils ! to this duty enjoined on them. Through all whom spoke strongly in favor of the pro¬ these years, however, there were earnest I posed parks. Thus a strong impetus was men and women, who, as they watched the given the subject which exhibited itself in growth of the city, never ceased to interest the passage of an ordinance by Select Coun¬ themselves in the project of giving to the cils March 7, 1389, without a dissenting people the breathiug places which health vote, appropriating for park purposes Bart¬ and a regard for their rational enjoyment ram’s Garden, Juniata Park and Northwood demanded. Eminent physicians and lead¬ Park, and providing for their purchase or ing business men urged, from time to time, condemnation. At the meeting of Common the importance of the project upon Council- Council a communication was received from men, but without result until Mr. Thomas Edward C. Knight, the sugar manufacturer, Meehan, soou after his election to the Com¬ donating to the city for the same purpose a mon branch, brought the attention of the plot of ground at Thirty street aud Ave¬ two bodies to their neglect and introduced nue Forty-one, in the Twenty-sixth ward. and had passed an ordinance looking toward j| This property was accepted and was deeded to the city March 8. 1890. THE WISTER IN VERNON PARK.

In the appropriations for the Department Reuben Haines. Authorized to be-placed upon of Public Works for 1889 there was inserted the city plan March 11, 1890. Bounded by an item of $10,000 for the purchase of Price, Haines and Underhill streets and the i Weecacoe Square, a small plot of ground Chestnut Hill branch of the Philadelphia j on Queen street, east of Cobb, and after , and Beading Railroad, embracing part ot tne | some little time this money was paid over to v picturesque region in the neighborhood of the trustees of the Bethel African Methodisfe- Kelley’s dam. , ■| Episcopal Church, the owners of the lot. Girard Park, Twenty-sixth ward, the ’ I Thus this park, the only spot not built upon homestead of Stephen Girard. Placed upon in the Third ward, was the first actually the city plan April 11, 1890. Area, 27.196 acquired ground resulting from the modern acres. Bounded by Twentieth and Porter “ small park ” movement. street*, Oregon and Penrose avenues, A LIST OF PARKS. Juniata Park, Twenty-third ward, estate of Comegys Paul, placed upon the city plan Since then the movement has gone steadily July 2. 1888, amended by ordinance oi April onward, as mny he seen by the following list 11 1890 area 30.063 acres, bounded by Ca- to date of all the parks which have been vu’ga, L and I streets and . | placed upon the city plan. Wharton Square, Twenty-sixth ward, :• Almshouse Park, Twenty-seventh ward, placed upon the city p!an Apni 11, 1890, bounded by South street, Spruce street. area, 3.810 acres, bounded by Wharton, | Thirty-fourth street, Vintage avenue, to Reed, Twenty-third aud Twenty-fourth ; southern boundary of Almshouse grounds, McPherson Square, Thirty-third ward, to Schuylkill Tiver, to South street. Set '■ i ori"inally the property of General McPher- & apart by the city ordinance of July 6, 18S3. son, called “ Stanton Farm,” authorized by r Area 73.725 acres. ordinance to be placed upon the city plan Bartram’s Garden, Twenty-seventh ward, November29,1890, area 5.739 acres. Bounded placed on the city plan July 2, 1888. by Clearfield, Indiana, E and F streets. Weccacoe Park, Third ward, placed on the ' Vernon Park, Twenty-second ward. Placed city plan July 2, 1888. upon the city plan November29. 1890. Area,- Northwood Park, Twenty-third ward, sit- 7.975 acres. Situated north of Chelten ave; ! uate on the north side of Arrott street, be¬ nue, between Germantown avenue anc tween Castor road and P street. Frankford, Green street. _ . , , placed on the city plan July 2, 1888. John Dickinson Square, First ward. Placed Stenton Park, Twenty-second ward, upon the city plan February 4, 1892. Area, !§ bounded by Sixteenth, Eighteenth, Wyom¬ 2 732 acres. Bounded by Morris, Tasxer and ing and Courtland streets. Given by the Fourth'OUItU aucowstreets auv.and Moyamcnsing--J-- TL avenu ' Mifflin— m- • eo • Square,n X FirstT'? f tooward. pci Placed"P1 OPPn Logan estate and authorized to be placed . TL _ 1QOO A too L upon the city plan July 2, 18S8. the^cityplan February 4, 1892. Area,, Pleasant Hill Park, Thirty-fifth ward. acres. Bounded by Wolf, Ritner, Fifth Given by the Pleasant Hill Land Associa¬ Sixth streets. _ i, tion, by deed dated November 11, 1889. Stephen E. Fotterall Square, Twenty- ‘I Area £.397 acres, situated on the north side 1 eighth ward, placed upon the pity P*an March 10, 1892. Area 4.545 acres. Bounded :,i LindeTsSreet, between Delaware avenue by Eleventh, Twelfth, York aud Cumber¬ md the . land streets. . , , .. Starr Garden, Seventh, ward. Given in. William Penn Treaty Park, Eighteenth 18S9 by Miss Halliwell, containing about ward, placed upon the city plan March 10, 0.115 acres,, situated on St. Mary’s street, 1892. Area, 2.593 acres. Situated north of between Seventh and Eighth streets. Hanover street and between Beach street E C. Knight’s gift, Twenty-sixth ward, and the Delaware river. bounded by Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Womrath Park, Twenty-third ward streets, Forty-first and Forty-second avenues. placed upon the city plan March 10, 1892. Waterview Park, Twenty-second ward, Bounded by Kensington and Frankford ave-, given to the city in part by the estate of Tiues and Green street. , In addition to this list may he^added^jM IN STENTON PARK.

in the' famous old slate roof signifying that all who house on Second street, but in 1728 pay for their dead should he built the handsome old stone mansion be given sufficient ground without house which still stands on Stenton farm. A brick wall similar to tho one that Stenton, in Logan’s days, comprised about St. Peter’s was built around the_ 800 acres. There Logan spent the last years were erected on the Queen] of his life and prepared most of the works years passed the popula- : that gave him a literary fame. The most of the little grave-yard increased and I noted visitors to America during his time the ground was dotted with tombstones. were his guests at Stenton and his spacious many years the plot was found to be grounds were the constant resort of the In¬ [y inadequate and sometimes five dians, who were his friends. His wife was were put in a single graven This led J a Miss Sarah Read, daughter of a wealthy ""rtunate results; for when, in suc- Philadelphia merchant. Logan died October ycars, the rains beat down 31, 1751, and from that day to this the prop> >Td BotheIf!'Barying Ground erty has constantly remained in the hands hed the hones pf the dead ou of his descendants and it is not until the . - r - He - - death of the present holder that it will come , out of regard for the health of South- to the city. The strip of land that will be to interpose,'.. It has been overtwenty- called Stenton Park contains about fourteen rs nojv sincSanv burials have taken acres and lies on the west bank of the Win- in Bethel,' and after the Board of gohocking creek. It is slightly undulating !ealth issued its mandate tho ground was and has upon it many handsome shade trees neglected and rapidly went to r The besides Logan’s quaint historic old mansion idea of its purchasefeby the city came • brough Another historic old Germantown prop¬ *a.Jetter from a ladjr residing in that neigh- erty, which will soon be turned into a public ....Isa-hood addressed to.,t, ' the park, is Vernon, the former residence of saKi-ei^inittee on sm.ll The com- foix municipal go tar Morris gift, bequeathed by the wifi of mendation to pure plot Wistar Morris, an area of about ten acres, in the first batch of small par'kfeedi- situated on. City and Lancaster avenues, in passed. the Twenty-fourth ward, and Disston Park, I Thirty-fifth ward, opened and laid out by STENTON AND VERNON, Henry Disston; area 3.108 acres; bounded now bo but a few years when the by Keystone street, the Pennsylvania Rail- in the neighborhood of Wayne June* ! road, Longshore and Tyson streets. This I trim will be closely built upon, and a failr, property has never been taken by or deeded to provide a park now for this locality who to the city. it'eanbedone at a small cost would be a grai ' ! error. Realizing this fact Mr. Meehan lr HISTORIC GROUNDS. worked indefatigably to secure such a pari’ His efforts have had fruition in Stenton Parkf Interesting Associations ot Some of the a picturesque piece of ground admirably Newly-Acquired Parts. suited for the purpose. Stenton was the Several of these new parks have exceed¬ [ country home of James Logan, who came to America in 1699 with William ingly interesting associations worthy to be Penu, as his secretary. He resided first briefly recalled. The most distinguished

i 1*2%**$. . ■* '

WINTER IN JUNIATA PARK. place and the best deserving of preservation ana sloping very gradually down to the is John Bartram’s garden, which embraces j creek. During Penn’s day it was a favorite eleven acres of beautiful rolling country on resort for the Indians that encamped around Philadelphia, and for years it has done duty the west bank of the Schuylkill, below as a pleasure ground for the people of Frank- Gray’s Ferry. It has natural advantages ford. No prettier situation could be chosen which no other small park in 'Philadelphia for a park, and it offers unsurpassed oppor¬ possesses, while its botanical specimens and tunities for combining art and nature. grand overshadowing trees embody the frui- tion df labors to which John Bartram, world A CITY GARDEN. famed in his day as a botanist, devoted the From a health-giving standpoint, at the ; best years of his eventful life. moment, the Starr GardeD on St. Mary’s : What is now known as Weccacoe Park, in street is the most important and useful quaint old Southwark, was, a few years ago, small park iu the city. This little green the old burial ground of Bethel African spot in the arid desert of the slums is owned Methodist Episcopal Church. If was back by the City Park Association. The property in the early years of the century when Bethel Burying Ground was first used, the property was left by the late Theodore Starr to Miss having, been secured by Richard Allen, the Haliiwell, who about 1839 gave it to the first African Methodist Episcopal Bishop. association to be kept always as an open At that time colored people after death were space and as a monument to the noble work often treated with but little respect aud it ] done in the slums by Mr. Starr. In 1891 was the wish of Bishop Allen to set apart a ; the heirs of the late George H. Stuart gave place where his people could have the same to the association a piece of ground on St. kind of Christian burial as the white people. Just in what way he got the property Mary’s street, bounded on two sides by the ! is not clear, but having gained pos¬ Starr Garden. Eventually this ground will session of it he made .it over to be added to the garden, and will greatly en¬ hance its appearance and usefulness. John Wister, which has already been well described in The Times. For many years Frankford has demanded a breathing place for her rapidly growing population. It is claimed by residents that while many other sections of the city are provided with small parks Frankford’s v (?i I population has no adequate place to go on summer Sundyas without trespassing on private property. To remedy this defect Northwood and Juniata Parks have been placed upon the city plan, and will soon be opened for public use. Northwood Park 8n hLtao OH, of the Twelfth Strec was formerly part of the Large estate, but R nerCMarkets-t0 make room ft it is now in the hands of the Northwood Terminal; of the SeventeentJ kA.eet Market, to give more snace for th Land Company, which is cutting up the ad¬ joining grounds into building lots, and L Railroad; and of the Fiftl btreet Market, to give a site for the Bourse before long the neighborhood will be fullv built up. W f°n re“ov® from the city some of it: oest-kiQc.>yii landmarks and in all prob 'Juniata Park is now known as “Paul’s Woods.” It lies on the west bank of Frank¬ I make radical changes in the mar keying customs that have long prevailed ford creek and contains about thirty and three-quarters acres. It is a long high hill J\.rem(;val °f,tke old places wall leave | as the only markets in the central portion Burmonnted by a tableland of grassy fields, % of the city the Beading’s new one undei ' the Terminal train shed; the Southwestern took up space which could be much better Market, at Nineteenth and Market streets; utilized in some other way. The sheds und the small one recently constructed on £ till linger on Second and Bainbridge Seventh street near Wood, to accommo¬ streets and on Moyamensing avenue, bu> date the stallholders who formerly stood in a few years they will doubtless all htijre in the Callowhill Street Market sheds. fone to join other antiquities that wojfld This concentration of the business is ex¬ e equally out of place at this day. j / pected to throw an immense volume of trade into the new Terminal market, which is said to be the largest one in the world for a purely retail business. It is es¬ -iA .'VU. timated that the rentals from its stalls will net something like $125,000 a year when all are fully occupied. The receipts from tolls on the produce and other goods brought in on the railroad and consigned OJvuJL X ;! c\c,l to the market, the increase in receipts from passengers who will be induced to patron- j ize the Reading by the convenience of the , INTERESTING lyjtlCS. market, the rental from the half-dozen stores in the Terminal on Market street, | end the sale of privileges are expected to j Old Soldier’s C| Etion of Curios aggregate not far from an additional Briefly Fcribed. $100,000, making a total of $225,000 which Franklin Broadbelt, of 324 Concord the railroad company will secure at very little extra expense to itself. avenue, served three years during the This sum represents over 2.5 per cent, on late civil war, is an officer of Encamp¬ the $8,500,000 of bonds issued for the con¬ ment, No. 40, Union Veteran Legion, and! struction of the Terminal, and will go a an enthusiastic collector of war relics, long way to help the company in carrying with which his home is completely orna¬ the heavy burden of the interest. mented. He also has an assortment of NEARLY 800 STALLS. minerals, old coins, Indian relics, and in To show that the earning capacity of fact many things of historical value. the new market has not beeu exaggerated Whenever Mr. Broadbelt has an oppor¬ It is only necessary to say that it contains tunity he takes a trip to the South and en- 771 stalls, and that the applications for joys a ramble over tne old battle grounds space far exceed the room. All the re¬ in search of relics to add to his already maining occupants of the Twelfth Street large collection. Market will be moved into the new market Edgar D. Melville describes what he this week, and such space as then remains saw during a recent visit to Mr. Broad- untaken will be allotted to applicants belt’s, in looking over his interesting war from outside the two demolished, market and numeral relics. He says: bouses. “To begin with, I will call attention to j At present the stall-holders are located In the new market very much, so far as a small tin box, measuring about 5x4 position is concerned, as they were in the inches, containing quite a number of dif¬ old buildings, but as soon as the new ferent sized bullets. Mr. Bioadbelt equipment for the market is finished they found the box, with bullets enclosed, on I will be all divided and located according Little Bound Top, above Plum Run, or to their business. There are twelve ave¬ the Valley of Death. The next specimen nues in the market, running east and west, seen was a piece of rock from Big Round and each will be devoted to a particular Top. Here is a confederate soldier’s coat line of trade. Starting from Filbert street, button, which Mr. Broadbelt succeeded the butchers will have the first avenue; in getting on the last day’s fight at Get¬ the dealers in poultry, butter and eggs the tysburg. Now we gaze on numerous bul¬ second; vegetable dealers the third, and farmers the next two. Then will come lets that were found at Round Top and butchers again, farmers with two more Culp’s Hill. , avenues, vegetables, poultry, butter and eggs The next is a block of clay 2xli inches, and butchers. The stalls along the sides from the Wilderness battle grounds, fol¬ will be used for a fish market and for lowing which a few chinkapins meet the miscellaneous vendors. This systematic gaze. These were plucked as.mementoes arrangement will be a great convenience of the night of May 2nd, ’63, when Lee tii buyers. and Jackson were together at Chancel- The Bourse Company will come into lorsville and planned and executed an at¬ possession of the Fifth Street Market on tack on the Union forces about them at July 1, and soon after its demolition will the time. Next we look at a fragment of be begun. The committee of the stall¬ the Fourth Virginia Regiment flag, bul¬ holders appointed to select a new site has i been unable to find one at a reasonable I lets and a couple of confederate breast t figure, it is said, and a number of the plates, picked up around Bloedy Angle, dealers will remove to the Terminal Spottsylvania. A portrait of Libby prison, Market. Property in the central portion which was taken not long after the war,

A Small Lot Back of Second Street Said to Be Owned by the Iroquois. j

CLAIMED BY THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. area, is buried in the shadow of tire great Chamber of Commerce, and is approach¬ able only through gateways at either end of an alley, which the Chamber of Com¬ Said to Have Been Deeded by merce has for over twenty years closed to the public; yet there is, perhaps, no ofher Wampum Belt byjohn Penn. strip of ground in the United States that for its size has so interesting a history ; that has eaused so much trouble, or, notwithstanding its location in the THE EIGHT BY heart of a great city, about which there has been so little known, as that corner of ADVERSE POSSESSION. a blind alley back of the Chamber of Com¬ merce. BELONGS TO INDIANS. Remarkable and Romantic History of That the Chamber of Commerce, at Sec¬ ond and Gothic Streets is built on the sife of Some Real Estate Transactions—How the famous old Slate Roof House erected by- Samuel Carpenter at the cawn of the last Historic Names Cluster Around a century, is a matter of public history, but the story of bow the titles to the properties Lot of Old Deeds, and Tell the j was obtained has never been told,and much Story of the Slate Roof of it never will, for the dead cannot and the living who took part in the work will House Property. not speak. The story of the years of delv- Dickinson estates might have had in it by in musty records,the searches fo" titles, right of adverse possession. Although Mr. engineering to get ibe properties piece Bouvier was willing to chance $1000 on nece,would make a romance of interest .the title himself, he would not give a ny of the leading families of the city, clear title to it, but merely a paper title rom the tune William Penn with his such as lie held h'mself. This did not suit own hand deeded the properties to Samuel Mr. Knecht, and a vigorous and wearying Carpenter and Robert Greenaway, 200 years search, was begun for the original titles ago, some of the most famous names in the to the lot. It is claimed that it was origi¬ history of Philadelphia have appeared on nally part of the riant of Robert Green¬ the indentures and title papers to this fa¬ away, but the title could not be traced mous plot of ground. down. ■ Thus much, however, is known, and now During the searches it was found neces¬ for the first time made public, that the vir¬ sary to visit the Van Renssellaer family tual title to that bare little corner of earth, in New York While there it was learned at the end of the Chamber of Commerce’s for the first time that a portion of the south alleyway, is vested in the once great property was vested in the Iroquois or Sis Nations of Indians, by a proprietaiy Six Nations of Indians in New York State right given nearly a century and a half | and a further search established the fact ago, by a wampum belt deed; and that that this identical strip was the property. title has never been dispossessed, and no HOW THE IROQUOIS GOT IT. other title, except a paper title has since been held by any subsequent claimant. It was then that for the first time the The iate Charles Knecht. who was one of following strange story was unfolded. the early presidents of the Chamber of Away back in the period of the French Commerce began negotiating for the pur¬ and Indian war, when John Penn, the son chase of the property on which the Cham¬ of Richard and grandson of William was ber of Commerce now stands thirty years ago. acting as Proprietary Governor, be lived Those who held the properties then held it as at Second and Walnut Streets. Although close corporations and were not so anxious to the slate roof house, at Second and Norris’ sell, as Mr. Knecht was to buy, notwith¬ Alley was the Governor’s mansion. Penn standing the object of the purchase was being in embarrassed circumstances lived in kept very quiet. By degrees,however, Mr. the less pretentious house at Second and Knecht secured a lot, forty-two feet on Walnut and rented the slate roof house Second Street and 160 on Gothic, on which to John Claypole, a wealthy merchant. the old Slate House stood. Adjoining was At that time the Six Nations, or as they a large property owned by John Dickinson were called the Iroquois Indians, were a Logan, Gustavus Logan and liana Norris I powerful nation comprising the Mohawks, Logan, which they bad inherited from Sally Oneidas, Senecas, Ouondagas, Cayuga and Norris Dickinson, a great-granddaughter Turcarorns, and they controlled to a great of the famous Isaac Norris. extent the other tribes not in the confedera¬ HOW MICHAEL BOUVIER GOT IT. tion. King Hendrick, at that time the head of the Nations visited Phila- This property was subsequently acquired I delphia with a large number of by the late Michael Bouvier from the Lo¬ followers, and although they were gans and the late Ezra Conklin, who also ; entertained in the State House had acquired a small strip, and from the i yard, as a mark of especial favor, Gov- late Thomas Powers. This took in the rec¬ j ernor Penn entertained them at his private tangle in the accompanying diagram, show¬ j residence and to cement the friendship I formed, and, create a tie for future trea- ing the Chamber of Commerce lot now, but I ties, with much ceremony he deeded the not the Wampum lot hi the plan nor in the i Six Nations with a wampum belt, the strin Jiqnor store. It had been Mr. Knecht’s i of ground in dispute, which was at the end' intention to purchase these two properties of his lawn, on which forever after, to also, and, it is said, the Chamber of Com¬ erect a tent of State and smoke the cala- merce was to have taken them in instead of met and make treaties. stopping at the driveway as i does. That ! The Iroquois faithfully stood by the En¬ is bow the Indian deed was discovered. It appears that John Dickinson, who had glish all through that war, and carefully guarded as a treasure the wampum belt Obtained possession of the old Carpenter .property, uow the Chamber of Commerce, that gave them a right to smoke on Gov- thrtrnLh his wife, who was a daughter of ] ernor Penn’s back yard. During the Revo- Joseph Parker Norris, never held title in j lutionary War the Iroquois, however, ex- the little Wampum strip, and did not will j eeptiug the Oneidas and Tuseororas, ad¬ it ns a part of his property to his daughter, hered to the crown, but the latter two tribes Sally Nolis Dickinson, although he specifi¬ cast their fortunes with the American cally described by boundaries all the rest of cause. The Mohawks, Cayugas, Onondagas his property adjoining it. This was in 1807. j and Senecas, under the famous Brant per¬ When bally Norris Dickinson died she left petrated the massacres in the Wyoming her real estate to her nephews and niece Valley, hut the Oneidas bravely fought without specifying the boundaries, and it with the American patriots. is thought that this little strip of Indian HOW THE ONEIDAS GOT IT. ground got into the larger lots by right of After the war the British Iroquois were adverse possession. At any rate, the first at the mercy of the United States, and record there is of any conveyance of this nearly all emigrated to Canada and the West, particular lot, 15.3x47 feet, is in lS63,when it was deeded to Michael Bouvier by John The Oneidas and Tuseororas were, for their Dickinson Logan and wife for 61000. faithfulness, confirmed in the possession of their lands,by the treaty of Fort Stauwix in HOW THE TITLE WAS DISCOVERED. 1784,but in 1785 the State of New York pur¬ The year following when, Charles chased their lands, excepting the reservations Knecht wanted to purchase this lot from } of each, on which the descendants of the Mr. Bouvier. h was learned that there was! Oneidas still flourish and maintain their no clear title to it, and Mr. Bouvier.it individuality though long since civilized and is said, stated that he had bought it on '"Christianized, they being now Episcopa- the chance of anjj light that the Logan and j 'sns. 71

■L THE WAMPUM LOT AS ’ ' 1 _ _ When Mr. KnecM made lift searehTorthe years ago closed to the public wampum belt he found it in possession of by means of iron gates at?: rf °i!eld;;s taken and retained erected a board fence on tbe> after the Revolution all the wampum belts or the fcix tsaUoris. Nothin!' could induce m the On01 das to giveupthe belt oreurrender the title to the property, which they regard¬ ed as precious relics of their past great¬ ness. Every means was tried to make the Indians change their minds, and the greatest of their great men. Colonel Ely S Parker, a descendant of the Senecas, and at that time an officer on General Grant’s staff was Drought to Philadelphia, where he had a conference with Mr. Knecht and others at the Girard House. Nothing came of the conference, and no title could be obtained to the property, as the wampum belt estab¬ lished a proprietary right given by the ( ommonweaifli, which not only exempted the property from taxation, but conferred “he title forever, and as a proprietary right Old Lock of Slate Roof House. could not, it is claimed, be forfeited! EIGHT OF ADVERSE POSSESSION. rear of the Wampum lot. Since then never an Iroquois, not even from the Iroquois And so the Chamber of Commerce never Club.has ever attempted to smoke a ca tar ' built on the wampum lot, but in 1867 they on the lot, and it having been closed took title in all the rest and erected their many years, the Chamber of Conmier present building. Owning the drivewa.y to ! claim it without dispute by right of adverse'*1 the south of their building, skirting the possession. Whether or not this right wampum lot, the Chamber of Commerce would hold good is a matter of opinion, ns • of two of the best known and oldest real 1 . 72

inches wide, If inches thick e men in tbe city, both of whom had trades from the lock 2$ inches. one time or another professional eotineo- ions with the property, one thinks that, william pesn's patent. while nothing will hold us against the j Some of the old deeds in the possession Commonwealth ordinarily, the courts would j of the Chamber of Commerce are not only hardly decide against the right by adverse 1 curiosities, but contain the outlines of no ^possession after the practical neglect of the little family history. Perhaps tbe most property by the Iroquois for over an hun- died years, while the other real estate man i unique ip the original deed of William Penn thinks that no title could be obtained to the | j to Samuel Carpenter in 1634. it is on a property except through the possession of j small piece of heavy parchment, written in the wampum belt deed. a_ good bold hand, apparently by Penn himself, as the body is in very similar writ¬ THU SLATE HOOF HOUSE. , ing to the signature. It is sealed with a The history of the lot on which the Cham¬ heavy wax ball, covered with thin parch¬ ber of Commerce stands, and that adjoining ment and fastened hy another strip of it, including the Wampum lot was not only parchment to the deed, or patent, from the history of many of the famous families of which it hangs like a big medallion. old Philadelphia, but of old Philadelphia, This quaint document was recorded in the “office of Rolls and Puhlique Registry,” in a great measure itself. Here it was that August 2, 1684, by the “Publique Record¬ Samuel Carpenter built the famous slate er”, Thomas Lloyd. The deed reads: — roof bouse of bricks brought from England. “William Penn, by ye Providence of God For many, many years it was the official and, King"s authority, Proprietary and Gov- ! residence of the Governors. Here William ernor of yfi Province of Pennsylvania, and Penn’s last son, John, was born of bis ye territories thereunto belonging, to all to beautiful young mother,Hannah Callowhill. whom these presents shall come, sendeth Here the best blood of England was enter¬ greeting. Whereas there is a certain lott of tained year after year. Here General Brad- land in Philadelphia containing in breadth dock drank deep and long to his success be¬ 102 foot and in length 396 foot, bounded fore he went to his death in the wilderness, northward with Christopher Grayford’s and it was from here that dashing General Lott; eastward with Delaware front; south¬ Forbes, Braddock’s successor, was buried ward with Robert Greenaway’s Lott; west¬ with military pomp. Here John Adams ward with ye Second Street, front ye Del¬ and other famous members of the Conti- aware, granted by a warrant from myself b aring date ye twenty-ninth day of ye fourth mouth, one thousand six hundred and eightv-two, and laid out by ye survey j of Government ordinance ye one and thir¬ tieth dav of ye same month and year, unto I Samel Carpenter requesting me to confirm | same by patent. Know ye that I have given, granted, and confirmed by these my presents, etc. * * * « «• •:•=» I “To have, hold and enjoy this laud to ye only use and behoof of yee s’d Samuel Carpenter, his heirs and assignors for- j ; ever, to be beholden of me, my hgirs and | successors. Proprietary® of Pennsylvania I and ye territories thereunto belonging as I of our manor of Springetts Berry in ye County alores’d in lee common. “Witness my seal at Philadelphia ye twenty-fourth day of ye fourth month, six¬ teen hundred and eighty-four, being ye j Slate Roof House In Penn’s Time. tliirtie-sixth year of ye king’s reign and nental Congress lodged, and here General ye fourth of my government. Howe entertained his officers and his friends “Wm. Penn.” the tories. CHAKITY NUTT’S WILL. During the present century the old man¬ sion underwent a number of changes that Another curious document is a copy of made it lose its identity, and when it was the last will and testament of Charity Nutt, torn down in 1868 it presented the appear¬ widow. In 1682. in fee for 1500 acres of i ance shown in th^ accompany ing out,which land in the Province of Pennsylvania, a is a copy of a water color painting made portion of the property was deeded to at that time and now in the office of the Robert Greenway,who in the same year ex¬ Chamber of Commerce. ecuted deeds of lease and release to Charity When the old mansion was torn down the Nutt, in fee for 500 acres in the Province, walls and woodwork were as solid as when and to Thomas Maylesgh for the .same. constructed and,notwithstanding the pacific Charity Nutt, in 1687, thus disposes of her disposition of tie early Philadelphians, its land :— builder certainly took no chances, for the “Item. I gi®e and bequeath unto my lock on the front door, which is now pre¬ cousin, Thomas Mayleigh, the son of my served in the Chamber of Commerce, was a brother, Thomas Mayleign, of the Parish of massive iron arrangement weighing 48 j St. Buttolph, without Aldgate, in tbe pounds, the key of which weighs 6 pounds. | County of Middlesex, apothecary, and of The early Governors of Pennsylvania either 1 Abigail, his wife, all that my 500 acres of had to get borne early or else ring the folks land situate in Pensolvenia, to hold to my j up, as nothing but an ulster pocket could said cousin Thomas Mayleigh and his heirs j carry such a key. and assigns from and immediately after my around. The lock is 18 inches long, 3 in¬ decease forever.” ches thick, and 11 inches wide. The key A number of old parchments deeds, or is over 7 inches long and the holt is 3i indentures, as they are called, are sealed SLATE ROOF HOUSE JUST BEFORE DEMOLITION IN 1S68.

wi t tfa peculiar eight-cornered sear of the cS inson deeded the estate to Caesar Rodney, I Province, cut from white paper and j the famous partiot soldier and Statesn an of fastened over wax. One dated 1692, from j Delaware, for £30,000 and that in tue fol- Thomas Hooton to Samuel Carpenter, is j faintly indorsed on thecover,“Got this proved | and received it for Samuel Caprenter.’’ i In 1737 Job Goodson affirmed before Justice of the Peace Edward Roberts that he verily QPi (tin »?

of the city. cu ■ -7 •**'# J j UJj r i! S,. •**»"*. .Another old deed shows how Samuel Car¬ y/w penter in 1704 conveyed the slate roof L*' ■jltJut*1' *,-£/ ' ■*•■/I H-L'l-B,*. 1 house property to the famous William It Trent and in 370!) how William Trent deeded it to Isaac Norris, of Fairhill. There were many other owners at various times, inclu¬ ~ /gi, __ ding Samuel Cart, John Kinsey, Balph Loftus, Owen Jones, David Evans, of old Philadelphia,and John Dickinson, William Clayton and Caesar Kodney, of Delaware. By trusteeships, transfers, assignments,wit¬ nesses, etc., many other historical names appear on these old deeds, such as William Bell, the merchant: John Claypole, John Warder,William Fishbourn, the Mayor.and Joseph Kirkbride,who in 1738 were trustees William Penn’s Patent to Samuel Carpente under the will of their old brother official, lowing August Caesar Rodney deeded Samuel Cart. These old deeds also tell how back to John Dickinson for £31,000. Ralph Loftus, mariner, could not pay the in¬ May, 1778, was just previous to the terest on a £300 mortgage and was sold out evacuation of Philadelphia by the British at Sheriff’s sale in 1744 by William Bell, under iSir Henry Clinton,and right after the merchant, and bought up by John Kinsey, evacuation there was a decidedly unsettled who sold to Owen Jones for £310; Jones also condition of affairs over property. The buying irom Sarah Cart. proof of title does not state why John AN INTERESTING BIT OF HISTORY. Dickinson deeded the Norris estate tc Cassar Rodney for the time covering the Perhaps the most interesting bit of real unsettled condition of affairs following tli estate history is that revealed in the proof evacuation, but there certainly was a goo ! of title to this property which in 1778 was reason. John Dickinson was one of t' j part of the estate of Isaac Norris. The proof most eminent men of his day, both as of title shows that in May, 1778 John Dick¬ statesman and a writer, but "he made ie wfiipU he subso . patriotic devotion. Although bis '6 Letters to tnc inhabitants of Brit- colonies in 1768 created a profound sen- aition in England, and while in 1774 as a nember of the First Continental Congress was the author of some of the most irn- (Pa, lortant State papers put fourth by that tigress, be opposed the adoption of the CXyj^jL— yyiovy l —J (j Celaration of Independence, believing the ipvement to be premature and that com- inise was still practicable, and so was of the few members who did not sign This made him exceedingly unpopular !FIFTY YEARS itli bis constituents and for several years e va.-> a1. ,;nt from Cougress, although in interim be signified his devotion to A JOURNALIST Ihe American cause by serving as a private soldier in the Delaw*are troops. On tliecon¬ trary Ctesar Rodney was the idol of the pa¬ The Recollections of Col. Stephen triots, and had covered nimself with glory by his headlong ride from Dover to Phila¬ delphia overnight, to sign the Declaration N. Winslow. of Independence, In the excited state of the public mind it was no more than natural protect the great estate until the excite- Colonel Stephen N. Winslow, editor lent had subsided. In 1779 Dickinson re¬ ^ and proprietor of the Price List Current, j sumed his seat in Congress, and was subse¬ is the oldest newspaper man in service quently president, of both Pennsylvania in this city. Fitty years ago to-morrow and Delaware, and in 1782 the damage sus¬ he entered the service of The Inquirer, tained by the Norris estate through the British occupation was placed in the Publio and has been connected with this jour¬ Appraisement at *4087 10 s. nal ever since. Every issue in that . time has contained matter from his pen. j JOHN SIDNEY JONES’ SCHOONER. Originally a general reporter, he drifted Not less interesting, but more entertain¬ into commercial circles and established ing, perhaps, is a portion of the history of his own paper, which is the recognized ! the property in front of the Wampum lot, commercial authoritjrin this city, and has j and at one time with it part of the original been always prosperous. grant to old Robert Greenaway. It was hack Colonel Winslow has been the com¬ in the sixties when “General'’ John Sidney mercial editor of The Inquirer for Jones, a descendant of the Owen Jones re¬ ferred to in the old deeds, occupied this many years past, and it is a matter of property as a carpet store. John Sidney pride with him and this journal that w was eccentric, and it is said one of his the reports have been so complete and j eccentricities was a strong belief in the accurate. ; doctrines of the one time famous Fanny Probably no man in this city is botteT ; Lee Townsend,who lived with him over his i store. One of their beliefs was that a great known or more highly respected tiian J flood was to descend upon the earth and Colonel Winslow. Though no longer weep the inhabitants out of existence. young, he is not yet old and he has still! Emulating the example o? Noah, without the tire of youth. There is no more ac¬ Noah’s good judgment, “Generai” Jones tive man in the city. It is a rare treat to built a good-sized schooner in the cellar of have him gather the young men around : his store. After it was finished, it is said him and talk of the old days when halt ji by his old neighbors, he and Townsend a dozen men did all the active work in slept in it three days and three nights, the city. Tj waiting for Providence to remove the Colonel Winslow has written the fol¬ ; structure from over their heads, and pour ' out the mighty floods upon the city so that lowing reminiscences of his first days in i they could safely float out on the'bosom of newspaper work. the great deep. The flood never came, and the schooner was useless, as it was impossi¬ THE COGITATIONS OF A VETERAN ble to get it out of the cellar. REPORTER. The building was subsequently destroyed by lire, and the present structure erected In the present rush and roar and; r in its place. It is now occupied as a liquor whirl of this great Pennsylvania me- j store, and it is said that there is still an tropolis of a million and a quarter of ‘ occasional “schooner” disposed of in the population it is pleasant for a Veteran building, but not in the cellar, and none in journalism to revert to the period > that cannot float. when he entered the profession as a re- I . p If all those musty old deeds in the Cham¬ porter. That will carry you back fifty ; ber of Commerce safe could speak, what an interesting story they could tell. years. “Then vou must be a genuine i ‘way-back,’ ” some one may say. Just so, my lriend, but for all that I have come safely down through the years since then, sound, and grateful for the experience they brought me, and the innumerable agreeable events which transpired in their passing, and are yet retained as treasures in my memory. Still in my “teens,” it was with con¬ siderable timidity that I assumed tiie

- I I his paper. For there was rivalry fjcgjfl A .;s .of a reporter. But the proprietors theu among the reporters, arid a iustifllM . editors of the newspapers of the ble pride in being able to “beat’’ on&’ ie were kindly, and indulgent per- I another in getting news. Then it. wall ps, and were more nearly brought that the unfortunate one ran the risk of ,o contact with their employes than being “hauled over the coals” of the the owners and editors-in-chiet ol proprietor’s red-hot anger. Some of the .... day, and were more disposed to i “boys”^ to-day may know what that overlook shortcomings and encourage a ! means, but' xuey have not the mitigate novice by pleasant words to do ing circumstances to plead which so better. • At least I think that frequently favored the unlucky report- must have been their manner lers of that period. toward myself. Although I had an am¬ bition to excel and to please, it seemed ; reporting under difficulties, ii! in a little while to be very hard of ac¬ There were no Pennsylvania and I complishment. There was no “play Reading trains to run them out every1 time” lor any one of the half dozen hour of the day and night to the suburbs, | reporters composing the entire corps of I three, five and ten, or a dozen miles newsgatherers lor the eleven daily away, after a sensational burglary mur¬ journals published in Philadelphia. It der or accident. If they couldn’t afford | to hire a horse they had to go it afoot, ino matter what the distance, or whether they got hack untit alter dark, kindly ; helped homeward,perchance in the slow moving wagon of some Quaker farmer on his way to the “Old .Second Street , Market,” then at the height of its popu¬ larity with the “gude huswives” of Philadelphia. And, by the by, that was a good market for a tired and hungry fellow to stop at and regale his appetite on a hot bun, coffee and a dish of fresh cottage cheese smothered in cream, and set before him on a snow-white cloth by the dainty htmds of a fair Delaware county Quakeress' I know whereof I speak and my brother colleagues would bear me out on this point were they (here. THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. The Volunteer Firo Department of those days, and for years afterward, was not only the pride of Philadelphia, but. it was famous the country over for its efficiency, its patriotism and its tremen¬ dous and dauntless spirit in extremest peril. There was another characteristic which added immensely to the reputa¬ STEPHEN N. WINSLOW. tion of the “tire laddies,” and that was-ike pugnacious rivalry existing be¬ was work from early in the forenoon tween many of the companies. When until the Old State House bell clanged the .state House bell sounded the alarm out the midnight hour. If any one of indicating bv its numbered strokes the ' our number had entertained romantic diiection of the fire, it was the signal for ideas of a reporter’s functions, they a general turnout of the department were all knocked out of him during his little attention being paid to rules or novitiate, and so he settled down to method. The engines were on the take matters as they came in a plain, streets in the twinkling of an eye, and practical and common sense way, and thousands of horny hands grasped that resolution probably applies as well the ropes and, with their fore- to this day as it did to the days way i man at their heady hia trumpet back in the “forties.” d faring indistinguishable orders., A RETROSPECT. ley sv.ept along with cyclonic speed The population of Philadelphia was and in-esistibie force, every man or then i i about 200,000 at the time when i speak < i yelling at the top of his stentorian of it first, and principally lay between ungs. The firemen were excited, the 1 South and Vine streets and the Dela- rushing crowds on the sidewalks, and i ware and Schuylkill rivers. Below and to the front and rear of the thundering above these citv limiting thoroughfares engines, were excited, the roused citi¬ —South and Vine streets—there were zens at their bed-chamber windows six districts which served to catch tiie v ere excited and reporters dashing surplus overflow of population from the Jiantically from their rooms out among city proper. As this human flood the masses as they whirled bv, were as spread further out, year by year, it ex¬ excited as anyone else. In fact such a ! tended also the labors of the seekers time stirred all the blood in the human after local news. Mile after mile, ; body into activity—up to the boiling 1 many and oftentimes, did the mud- point. Out of such a condition it was i bespattered, storm-beaten and fag- i not difficult lor the spirit of rivalry to ged-out knight of the pencil and ta.te hre when two companies rubbed ! note-book “wend his weary way”! up agamst each other’s wheels in the i over uu paved sidewalks and streets to; headlong race to determine which j the very outskirts of one or the other of! mould get to the conflagration first. | these districts in search of “items” for the local and editorial departments with I THE FIGHTING FIRE-LAD spacious rooms carpeted and supplied | ' A collision not infrequently resulted with handsome but serviceable lurni- in a large lot of cracked heads, broken ture. limbs and battered bodies effected by The once badly neglected composing the liberal use of lire horns, spanners, ; room is now large, admirably lighted Cobble stones and brawny fists. With ! and provided with the best improved all this, and underlying it all, there was 1 cases, forms, etc., etc. This judicious earnestness and a worthy desire to attention to the needs and comfort of “squelch” out the flames and save en¬ the employes is not lost - it is gratefully dangered lives an property. They remembered. This condition of aftairs were really good fellows, brave as the in a newspaper office existed only here bravest and tender at heart. and there when the Veteran was earn- “Thee may run with us. but thee must j ing his “daily bread and butter,” which not try to skin our ropes,” was the gen¬ includes hasn, ’am and eggs, and eral advice of the stalwart Quakers of “Adam’s ale,” the oldest and best in the the old “United States” engine as arival world. It is the enterprise, intelligence company attempted to rush them to one and big-heartedness of the present which side that it might pass. Their quiet but have brought about the passing away firm attitude was sufficient, and the of old conditions and this ushering in | ropes of the sturdy Friends were not . of new and better things. “skinned.” ‘ THE REPORTERS. While the volunteer system was de¬ fective, it was the best the times could Reference has been made to the corps | afford, and was often the means of pre¬ of reporters doing the work for the venting vast destruction of property in eleven daily newspapers in Philadelphia the business portions of the city. Now¬ irom 1842 to 1850. It was composed of adays our reporters have not a mite of five “regulars,” occasionally assisted by the trouble and worrinient which fell to raw recruits, ambitious youngsters, the lot of those who looked after the who thought it “immense” to be in any incidents, the losses and insurances oc¬ wise connected with a newspaper. That j casioned by tires ot forty and titty years old corps was formed of the following ago. Steam has rarely been put to a members: Joseph Wood, John Hey-1 more useful purpose than it is at pre¬ sham, Charles C. Wilson, Lewis S. Briest1 sent in the extinguishing of tire by our and Stephen N. Winslow. Of this little, ' Paid Fire Department. but formidable band in public estima¬ tion, Messrs. Wood and Winslow are i BEFORE THE TELEGRAPH. still “dwellers on the face of the earth,” Electricity was almost unknown in while the other three are sleeping “the the Veteran Reporter’s early experience l sleep of the just” in the narrow cham¬ —certainly he was unaware of what it bers of their cemetery homes. was so soon to achieve in the line of tele¬ The proprietors of the journals to graphy. No more did he know that which they were attached have—with ■ there was to be a “Central Station” at hut one or two exceptions—also passed 'Fifth and Chestnut streets, where Chief; away, while of the journals The Penn¬ Walker would furnish the reporters of sylvania, now The Philadelphia i to-day with important news from every Inquirer, the Public Ledger and the I part of the city with lightning speed; or North American alone remain and enjoy j that it -would be transferred to a mighty the respect, contidence and generous stone palace at Broad and Market streets, j patrona*ge of an appreciative and intelli- i costing as yet unknown millions. No ! i gent community. In their appoint¬ He never “dreamed” of such a ments and facilities lor publication they w marble hall” as that in which give every evidence of prosperity, and I our modern “ locals” revel as they prove that with them in very truth sit at massive oaken tables ensconced “all thines are become new.” in great high-backed, velvet-seated THE NEWSPAPER. 'chairs, and indite their articles for the composing room on rose-scented paper. The growth of journalism has more In view of these things I feel like cry- than kept pace with the growth of the ing out aloud : “Poor, old Vet! Don’t city of Philadelphia. It has become a you -wish you were a boy a again to great factor in the prosperity oi this share in the grace and comforts of this Pennsylvania metropolis, having, byits current reportorial life?” enterprising spirit of late years, brought prominently before the mercantile and THE MODERN NEWSPAPER. commercial world the advantages offered The newspaper of the present is the Dv its location and resources, its splen¬ very soul ot enterprise. To be success¬ did water and railway communications ful it must be energetic, broad-minded and its great manufacturing Interests. and of a high liberal spirit, wide awake In 1842 the imnortsat our Custom House and prompt to act on opportunity. amounted in value to §3.770,772 and in In its equipments it is generous, and 1891 to §42,189,155; the exports for 1842 to tiie welfare and surroundings of its reached §7,885,388 while in 1891 they hard-working and intelligent employes, came up tne large sum ot §62,438,363, and pressmen, compositors, foremen, re¬ the prospects are fair for 1892 to surpass porters and editors, it bestows the free that amount. and watchful attention which is their In the continued and increasing pros¬ due. Thus it makes sure their faithful¬ perity of Philadelphia our journals ex- ness, while all feel a pleasure in per¬ i hibit" an unselfish concern. For its ad- forming their duties well to the em¬ I vancement in every step that will be for ployer and the public. There are few— , its benefit; for the improvement of its if, indeed, there is one—of the daily | streets, the deepening and widening of journals in Philadelphia which has not : its harDor,^ W , the securing--5 of rapid1- - — transit convenient quarters for their writers and the extension of steam rail lines in and typos, while the majority furnish • was ur vicinity, and whatever else may be fered their assistance, which was accepted. t public utility, our newspapers are An old resident relates that during the war foremost and earnest. They have be¬ with Mexico every man In the company come a great power for good in this city signed the roll, signifying his consent to go and throughout the Republic. May to the scene of action, but when the day of departure came only one man present- tbov never cease to exercise this power jed himself, and so the project was wisely and well! s. N. w. j abandoned. Captain Petchell succeeded In command of the company,and at his death, which occurred several years later by sui¬ cide, the company disbanded. It was in the tijn/sn d , (fytcf fLh. ! parlor of the hotel that the Frankford Lodge of Masons was formed. Daniel Faunce succeeded Mr. Sidebotham CP-ltsU *- 'fa- t ; as proprietor of the hotel property, and re¬ tained it for many years, his name being $jcJl Jjicu^ still dlscernable on the white front. Law¬ rence Flynn has occupied the place since the High License law went into effect.

FRANKFORD LANDMARK TO GO. The Antiquated Frankford Hotel to Give Way to a New One. < ‘Frankford Hotel,’’oneof the oldest land¬ marks of Frankford, will soon be a thing of the past. Architect Frank Townsend is pre¬ paring plans for a handsome modern hotel building on the site lor Noble McCUntock, Sr., who recently purchased the property from the Cheatham estate. It Is proposed to remove the bar from the southern to the northern portion of the old building, tear out the side vacated and build an additional three-story briok building, with mansard roof, 40 by 60 feet, containing 27 rooms, with an additional building In the rear 16 by 32 feet. The architectural design of the struc¬ ture will be a mixture of Romanesque and Gothic A piai | frwill encircle the building. The nri t, floor of the building will be used j as a barroom, private and dining-room, and parlors. The second and third floors will contain eight rooms each, with trunk and bath-room on each floor. Work on the building will commence as soon as possible. The present hotel building has been used I for hotel purposes for upwards of ninety years. It was built of white stone, three stories In height, with old-fashioned win¬ dows and doubled peaked roof, and a long low porch running along the front and south side. Its large wagon sheds, with stable accom¬ modations for forty horses, afforded ample accommodations for horses and teams of the farmers as well as for the different cir¬ cuses and menageries which visited the town. Here also a supply ot ice was kept in a targe ice house on the grounds for the farmers to pack up their Dutter and meats ‘to keep them in good condition for the markets. I The house saw its most prosperous days * under the genial management of Thomas or ] “Xoppy” Sidebotham, who dispensed old I English ale and liquors from 1830 to 1839. Samuel and John Sidebotham, two of his THE RECORD OF THIRTY-ONE YEARS AT Isons, still live In Frankford and are both THE ARCH STREET THEATRE. I prosperous manufacturers, j A long one-story frame structure, in the j rear of the hotel, was once used as a head- i quarters by a company of soldiers, known UNIQUE IN DRAMATIC HISTORY as the Frankford Artillery. Major I. Pugh, a conductor of the first train of cars over the Trenton and Philadelphia Railroad, Gnr Leading Actress and the Parts She I was drill master, and was assisted by Has Played, the Plays She Has Pro¬ I Colonels Thomas W. Dufneld, Sr. and Jr., (and Lieutenant Edward Duffield. duced and the Stars She Has Introduced Colonel Bomeisler, a Frenchman, and a veteran of the war of 1812, who lived oppo¬ to the Public. site the hotel in one of the old frame houses lately removed, also assisted in the drilling. W hen the call for troops was made to sup¬ Thirty-one years ago when Mrs. John press the riots in ’44, the full company prof- 78

Drew undertook the management of the course, was Lady Teazle; John Gilbert, Sir ! Arch Street Theatre, from which she practi¬ Peter; Leak, Joseph Surface; Mortimer, cally retired last night with the close of the Charles; Wallace, Sir Oliver; Ringgold, performance of the “Love Chase,” she was Sir Benjamin Backbite; Scallan, Crabtree; already in her forty-second year, all her life, Mrs. Henri, Mrs. Candour; Mary Wells, except six or seven years of infancy, having Lady Sneerwell, and Emma Taylor, Maria. been spent upon the stage. At that time her Charlotte Thompson’s first appearance was reputation as an accomplished and versatile on the 2d of September, as Lady Alice, in actress was’fully established, and she under¬ “Old Heads and Young Hearts,” with John Gilbert as Jesse Rural, aud Frank Drew as took her new task completely equipped for Bob ; Drew also appearing as Golightly in the career that was before her. “Lend Me Five Shillings.” Mrs. Stoneall appeared on the_ 4th as Tippet in “AH in The company that Mrs. Drew gathered the Wrong.” Miss E. Price, who afterward round her at the outset was one that may be | became Mrs. Charles Fechter, was first seen equaled by one or two existing companies, on the 23d as Naoma in “Jeannette,” a; but is certainly not surpassed. Mrs. Drew French piece translated by Barton Hill and was herself the most prominent actress then produced with Miss Thompson in the title on the American stage. Miss Charlotte role. Miss Charlotte Adams was first seen i as Furnish in the “ Way to Keep Him ” on Thompson, announced as from Wallack’s, the 14th of October, and Mrs. Alexina New York, and the Varieties, New Orleans, Fisher Baker appeared as Julia in the \ was the leading lady. The daughter of Ly- “Hun'chback” on the 14th of December. It sander Thompson, an English comedian of was not until Christmas night when “ Love’s great merit, who had died seven years before, Labor Lost” was produced on a scale of Miss Thompson was regarded as the most great magnificence that the names of Craig, promising young actress of her time. She Hess and Johnson appear in bills as they first came into prominence at Laura Keene’s were advertised in the newspapers. Theatre, in New York, during the season of Mrs. John Drew’s long list of parts for this 1857-8. Then came Mrs. Henri, who, with season is an interesting study, as it will be her husband, Charles Henri, was a recent seen that she appeared iu many old comedy j acquisition from London. Other actresses roles and created new parts as often as was in the company who had been at Laura required. The list is as follows: Keene’s were Miss Mary Wells, whose debut ' 1861. was made at the Albany Museum in 1850, Aug. 31—School for Scandal.Lady Teazle and Miss Chavlotte Adams, an actress of little Sept. 4—All in the Wrong.Lady Restless 9—Adventures of a Love Letteiy prominence. Another New York actress, Catberine Bright well-known in Philadelphia, was Mrs. Stone- 14—Honey moon.Juliana all, who, as Mrs. Koberts, had been a 17— London Assurance, Lady Gay Spanker member of the company at Mitchell’s Oct. 14—Way to Keep Him..Widow Balmour Olympic, and Emma Taylor, a sister of 18— Wives as they Were, etc.. Mary Taylor, the pet of the New York fire Lady Mary laddjes. The company also included Mrs. 21— Jealous Wife.Mrs. Oakley 22— Belle’s Stratagem.Mrs. Racket Haokurt, from the Walnut, and the Misses 24— She Wonid and She Would Not, Price, Hackurt, Miller, Summorfield, St. Hypoltta Aubin, Jane Russell and M. A. Griffith. The 28—Married Life.Mrs, Henry Dove men comprised John Gilbert, L. R. Shewell, 31—The House on the Bridge of Notre K. Mortimer, W. H. Leak, William Scal- Dame. ( Ernest de la Garde 1 Zambnro, a gypsy lan, Frank Drew, B. T. Ringgold, Charles Nov. 14—Irish Heiress.Lady Daventr.v Henri, William Wallis, Alexander Fisher, 16—Up at the Hills....Mrs. Col. McCann Alfred Beechey, R. S. Manuel, R. Craig, W. 20—Provoked Husband... Lady Townly Hess, J. Curtis, E. Wilkes and S. D. John¬ 25— School tor Grown Children, son. John Gilbert needs no comment. Mrs. Revel Dec. 2—Shiverer, Shewell aud Mortimer were both capable Dowager Duchess of Bruuswick young actors, and Mortimer especially be¬ 6— Busybody..Miranda came very popular as a light comedian. 13— Violet.Violet Eehk W'as-from the Baltimore and Cincin¬ 14— Hunchback.Helen nati theatres and Scallan from the St. 16— Leap Year.Miss O’Leary , 17—Love Chase.Constance Charles, New Orleans. Frank Drew was 20—GliiilauiheTell.Freedom the low comedian and Ringgold was only a 23— Soldier's Daughter..Widow Cbeerly beginner. Robert Craig was destined to be¬ 25—Love’s Labor Lost.Rosaline come a great favorite. The others were 1862. Jan. 6.—Scotto, or Scout and Spy, only names. William S. Fredericks, who Hope Hurdleston was a nephew of Sheridan Knowles and had 13—Irish Ambassador.Dacly Isabella made his debut in America as Virginias in 17— Deli cal e Ground.Pauline 1836, was the acting and stage manager; 30—Irish Lion.Mrs. Fitzgig Leon J. Vincent, prompter; C. R. Dod- Feb. 1—One Hour.Julia Dalton 3—Knight of Arva.Princess Marina worth, leader of the orchestra, and Joseph 7— Rose of Ivillarney.:....Aline D. Murphy, treasurer. The prices were: IQ—John Bull.Lady Caroline Dress circie, 37V cents; parquette, 50 cents; . 24—Comedy <>I Errors.Adriana family circle, 25 cents, and amphitheatre, 15 Serious Family, Mrs. Ormsby Delmain cents. March 25—Rivals.Julia Falkland 31—Crohort'-Na-Bilboge..Ally Dooling The house, under Mrs. Drew’s direction, May 10—Castle Spectre.Angela opened for the first time on Saturday even¬ 12—Invisible Prince..Exqnisitelittlepet 11—Second Love.Elinor Mowbray ing, August 31,1861, with “The School for ^ 16— John, Jean and Jonathan, Scandal” and “Aunt Charlotte’s Maid” as Elinor Lausism the bill. Mrs. John Drew, as a matter of Bride of Abydos.Zuleika 7D

the afterpiece. Kate Bateman was the next , During her first season Mrs. Drew played star, appearing September 29 as Julia in the forty-two parts, of wb icli j ust one-half would “ Hunchback,” supported by J. W. Wallack, now be called old comedy, including, as we Jr., as Master Walter, and Edwin Adams now do, the comedies of Tobin, Sheridan as Sir Thomas Clifford. Her characters Knowles and Dion Boucicault. The first of were Bianca, Juliet, Lady Gay Spanker, the novelties'of the season was “Jeannette,” Pauline, Juliana, Lady Macbeth, Lady which ran three weeks. At the same time Teazle and the title roles in “Geraldine” a burlesque of “ Slazeppa ” had a great run, and “ Rosa Gregorio.” John S. Clarke with; Frank Drew on the “fiery, untamed came next in a round of old comedy parts— rocking-horse.” Frank Drew also appeared Bob Acres, Tony Lumpkin, Dr. Ollapod, kr a “Shylock n\ burlesque. The other new Paul Pry, Toodles, Caleb Scrimmage in “Jonathan Bradford,” Farmer Ashfield in i pieces were “The House on the Bridge of | Notre Dame,” Tom Taylor’s “Up at the “Speed the Plough,” Augustas in “Willow Copse,” Bob Tyke in “School of Reform,” j Hills;” a play from the French of Scribe\ | translated by "an American lady in Paris,” Jemmy Twitcher in the “ Golden Farmer,” which was called the “ Shiverer"Guil¬ Jeremiah Beetle in Tom Taylor’s “Babes in laume Tell,” a burlesque, and “Scotto, or the Wood,” Mr. Dimple in “Leap Year,” Gil in “Giralda,” Cyrus Bloom in the | Scout and Spy,” by Robert Jones, the first “Lonely Man,” the title-role in “Peter j war play at the Arch. A very important Waxem,” written specially for him ; Coco in j event of the season was a magnificent re- !“ Midnight Watch,” Major de Boots, Toby I vival of “Love’s Labor Lost,” in which iTwinkle in “All That Glitters is Not Gold,” ! Mrs. Alexina Fisher Baker played the Prin¬ ; Billy Lackaday, Asa Trenchard, Salem cess of France. Mrs. Baker had previ- IScudder, Dabster in the “Eton Boy” and I ously appeared as Julia in the “ Hunchback” Schnapps in the “Naiad Queen.” He was ■ _ on the 14th of December, Mrs. Drew playing supported by Mrs. John Drew. The j Helen, which she repeated on the 19th of engagement lasted sixty nights, clos¬ i May, 1862, to the Julia of Miss Jane Coombs. ing January 3, 1863. Caroline Rich- J Mrs. Baker apparently took the place of I ings appeared for four weeks in opera Miss Thompson and the latter appeared as a and comedy, beginning as Marie in the | star at the Walnut before the close of the “ Daughter of the Regiment,” with Peter . season. During the run of “Love’s Labor Richings as Cartouche, and J. W. Albaugh as Lost” John Drew returned from a tour Tonio, and in the “ Comical Countess.” Miss , round the world and began a special engage- Richings was seen in comedy as Gertrude in | ment at the Arch on the 13th of January, Mrs. Mowatt’s “ Fashion Mrs. Crosby in 1862, which continued until the 8th of May. “Extremes,” a new American comedy by J. One of the features of John Drew’s engage- A. Sperry, and Princess Amelia in “Court I ment was the revival of the “Comedy of Cards,” and in opera as Stella in the “En- i j Errors,” with the brothers, John and Frank, chantress,” and the title role in “Satanella.” j as the two Dromios. The season closed Jane Coombs then played a return engage- I | with Jane Coombs in a round of characters, ment, appearing as Mariana in the “ Wife,” beginning with Julia, iu “ The Hunchback.” Mrs. Haller in the “Stranger,” the Countess -r in “ Love,” Evadne, andParthenia in “Ingo- j For Mrs. Drew’s second season the com¬ mar.” John Wilkes Booth was announced I pany had changed and the policy of the to follow as Richard in “Richard III.,” and j house changed with it. Although the the¬ after a week’s delay appeared March 2, atre was reopened on the 30th of August, Edwin Adams in the meantime play¬ 1862, with “Money,” with Mrs. John Drew ing Sir Bernard Harleigh in “ Dreams of Delusion,” with Mrs. John Drew as ■ as Clara Douglas and introducing Barton Lady Yiola. Booth during this engage- Hill as Evelyn, Albert Bradley as Sir John ment was seen as Pichard, the dual role in Vesey and Miss Jane Laws as Lady Frank¬ the “ Marble Heart; Pescara in the “Apos¬ lin, Miss Maggie Mitchell appeared on the tate,” Shylock and Petruchio on the same ‘ following Monday, September 1, in “Fan- night, Charles de Moor in the “ Robbers,” chon.” Barton Hill was from the Winter Hamlet, Evelyn in “Money” and Macbeth. Garden and Bradley from Burton’s, New Mrs. Drew was his principal support. On ; the 17th of March Mrs. Drew produced York; Miss Jane Laws was from London. “Aurora Floyd ” for the first time with Frank : Miss Lizzie Gardiner, from the Liverpool Drew as the Softy. On the 23d Mary Pro- j and Dublin theatres, appeared as Susette and vost.whowas then a star of some magnitude, I Mrs. Charles Jones, of Boston, as Manon in appeared as Nell Gwynne and was seen as “ Fanchon.” The other new people were Parthenia, Lady Gay Spanker, Lucretia Miss Mary Hill and Miss Mary Jones, Borgia, Lucie iu “Lucie D’Arville,” Ca¬ Boston; Milton Rainforth, Chicago, and mille, Mite. Fontanges in the “Plot and S. G. Myers, Cincinnati. Maggie Mitch¬ Passion,” Peg Woffington in “Masks and ell was seen also in the title roles Faces,” and Julia in the “Duelist.” Edwin of “Margot” aud “Kitty O’Sheal.” Adams appeared on the 13th of April as Jane Coombs followed September 15 as Adrian de Teligny in the “ Heretic,’’written Lady Evelyn Amyott in the “ Wife’s Secret,” for Edwin Forrest by Judge Conrad, and on i playing the round of star parts of the time the 24th as Robert Landry in the “ Dead ! —Bianca in “ Fazio,” Constance in the “ Love Heart.” Then came Mrs. D. P. Powers as Chase,” Margaret? Elmore in “ Love’s Sac- Geraldine D’Arcy aud Lady Letitia Mount- j rifice,” Pauline in the “ Lady of Lyons,” j joy in “ Woman,” and as Camille, Bianca j and Juliana in the “Honeymoon.” She also j and Juliana. Ou the 9th of May Sirs. John I appeared September 22 as Marie in the : Drew played Francene in “Grist to the I “World of Fashion,” and 27th as Ada in | Mill,” and with this production closed the ' “ Princess of Lombardy.” On the former history of the “ Old Arch.” occasion a military skit by B. E. Woolfe, “ Off to the War,” was played by the com¬ Sirs. John Drew’s list of parts during the pany, and on the latter Miss Mary Hill ap¬ season of 1862-3 was as follows: peared as Therese in the “ Maid of Croissy,” j862. Aug. 30—Money.Clara Douglas an engagement on October 19 as joint stars; Oct. 27—Rivals.Lydia languish in “ ,” Wallack playing lago. Then 28—SbeStoops to Conquer, came Wallack as Macbeth und Davenport as Miss Hardcastle Jonathan Bradford. ..Ann Bradford Hamlet. In “Richard III.” Davenport was 31—Poor Gentleman, Richard aud Wallack Richmond, and in Emily Worthington “Julius Caesar” Davenport Brutus and Nov. 1—Willow Copse.Rose Fielding 3—School of Reform.Mrs. Ferment Wallack Cassius. The other productions of 15—Paul Pry.Phoebe this engagement were “ King of the Com¬ 17—Gi raid a. Giralda mons,” “Still Waters Run Deep,” “Damon 19—Lonely Man.Eve Hillington and Pythias,” “ Iron Mask,” “ Werner,” 21— Peter Waxem.Marian Woodville “St. Marc,” “Bridal,” “Therese” and 28—Midnight Watch.Pauline Dec. 1—Everj’body’s Friend, “Wild Oats.” Then on November 9 came Mrs. Felix Featherly Mrs. D. P. Bowers, playing an engage¬ 5—All that Glitters Is Not Gold, ment of four weeks and appearing in the Martha Gibbs usual round of characters, from Jane Shore 9—Sweethearts and Wives.Eugenie 11—Our American Cousin, and Mrs. Haller to Julia and Pauline. On Florence Trenchard the 16th Mrs. Bowers appeared as Lady 17—Octoroon.Zoe Audley in “ Lady Audley’s Secret;” on the 19—Eton Boy.Fanny Curry 27th in the title-role of “ Miriam,” a play 22— Naiad Queen.Luriine by Mine, de Marguerittes ; on the 28th as 1S63. Feb. 27—Dreams of Delusion, Helen MacGregor in “Rob Roy,” and on the Lady Viola Harleigb 30th as Lady Camilla in “ Camilla's Hus¬ Wild Oats.Lady Amaranth band.” The W’allack-Davenport-Farren ! Mar. 2—Richard III,.Queen Elizazeth Combination returned December 7, present¬ 3—Marble Heart.Marco ing “Oliver Twist” on the 17tli, with Wal¬ ? 5—Apostate.Florinda 6—Merchant o! Venice....Portia lack as Fagin and Mrs. Farren as Nancy , Katharine and Petruchlo, Sykes, while Davenport was conteut with Katharine Narcissus in “A Wife for a Year,” the after- 9—Hamlet.Queen piece. On the 21st Frank Drew was starred. 13—Macbeth.Lady Macbeth Among his parts during this engagement 17—Aurora Floyd.Aurora Floyd 21—Cricket on the Hearth.Dot ■ was Hawkshaw the detective in “The 23—Nell Gwynue.Frances Stewart , Ticket-of-Leave Man,” January 4,1864, with Apr. 6—Masks and Faces.Mabel Vane j Barton Hill as Bob Brierly and Lizzie Price 13—Heretic.Elinor de Teligny ! as May Edwards. Mrs. John Drew’s first ap¬ 21—Dead Heart.Catharine Duval pearance this season was delayed* until the May 9—Grist to the Mill.Francine 18th of January, when she again played Lady 1 When the new Arch was opened Septem¬ Teazle. Charlotte Thompson came back as ber 12, 1863, it was with another new com¬ a star February 1, playing Pauline, Amrie 1 in “Little Barefoot,” Fanchon in “Little pany. Mrs. John Drew delivered an ad- Fadette,” Julia and Victorine. Then the re ss and “ The Rivals” and “ Betsy Baker”' Richings troupe returned, Miss Richings’ : composed the bill. In the cast of Sheri- new parts being Celena in “Diadeste” and j 1 dan’s comedy only Barton Hill as Captain Linda in “ Linda Di Chamouui.” On the I Absolute and Lizzie Price as Julia tyere 29th of February Mrs. Drew began a short J familiar faces. John Gilbert had gone to but brilliant campaign in her own threatre, Wallack’s Theatre, New York, where he opening with Charles Gayler’s' “ Magic Mar¬ riage.” On March 14 Mr. and Mrs. Barney was to remain while there was a Wallack’s. Williams began their first engagement at the In his place came George H. Griffiths as Sir Arch, opening with the “ Fairy Circle” and j Anthony. Shewell, Mortimer Leak, the “Custom of the Country.” Mrs. Drew pro¬ Henris, Mary Wells, Mrs. Stoueall and duced “Rosedale” on the 4th of April, j Emma Taylor, of the first company, and which ran until the 6th of May. Frank Bradley, Rainforth and Myers, Mr. and Mrs. Drew began another engagement on the j Jones, Miss Laws and Miss Gardiner, of the 9th, which continued until the 25th of June, j [ second, had retired from the theatre. Cliar- Cecile Rush and Miss Lotta appeared to- ! !• iotte Thompson played an engagement at gether June 27, Miss Rush playing the title I the Walnut before the close of the season of role in “ Ida Lee ” and Lotta Miss Jenny 1861-2 and when she again returned to the . Leatherlungs in “ Jenny Lind.” Lotta’s I Arch it was as a star. All these arc dead ex¬ other parts were Nan in the "Good for cept L. R. Shewell, Barton Hill, Milton Nothing” and Mrs. White in “Mr. and 1 'Rainforth, Charlotte Thompson and Mrs. Mrs. Peter White.” Stoneall. Among the new comers the one destined to be most successful was the Bob Mrs. John Drew’s new parts during the Acres—Stuart Robson. All the others are season of 1863-4 were: dead or have disappeared from the stage— Sir Lucius O’Trigger, Owen Marlowe; Faulk- 1864. Jan. 20—Wives as They Were, etc., land, Frank Aiken; Lydia Languish, Miss Miss Dorillon Isabelle Freeman ; Mrs. Malaprop, Mary Carr, Follies of a Night, and Lucy, Mrs. Stephens. Miss Josephine Duchess de Chartres Henry appeared in the title role of the farce. 21— Belle’s Strategem.Letitia Hardy Loan of a Lover.Gertrude 22— Somebody Else.Minnie j The regular season began with the Rich- Feb. 29—Magic Mirror, ings Opera Company on the 14th. The operas Marchioness de Valtera in which Caroline Richings was heard for the Simpson & Co.Mrs Simpson Mar. 2—Niue Points of the Law.. Mrs. Smilie I first time at the Arch were “ Rose of Tyrol,’’ 3— Naval Engagements.Miss Mortimer I 17th; “ Doctor of Alcantara,” 21st; “Postillion 4— Bold Stroke for a Husband, : Donna Olivia of Lonjumeau,” 28th.and “Bohemian Girl ” 11— Sketches in India.Sally Scraggs October 3. Edward Seguin the younger 12— Agnes de Vere.Agnes was with the company. E. L. Davenport, | April 4—Rosedale.Rosa Leigh J. W. Wallack, Jr., and Mrs. Farren began | It is worthy of remark that Stuart Robson <1 the Dromio of Ephesus to the Dromio racuse of Frank Drew in the “ Comedy rrors ” on the 27th of May.

'he “School for Scandal” was again rsen as the opening play for the season of J64-5, which began September 3, Mrs. Drew eing, as a matter of course, Lady Teazle, ifter an absence of five years Mrs. Thayer played Mrs. Candour and James Carden, from the London and Dublin theatres, was Charles Surface; Walter Donaldson, from Niblo’s, Joseph Frauk Finn, from the Boston Theatre, Moses, and Ed Marble Sir Harry. Edwin Adams returned on the 19th and on the 3d of October Vestvali began an engagement of four weeks, appearing as An¬ gelo in “Beldemonio,” the title role in “Gemea” and Alessandro Mazzaroni in the “ Brigand.” Then Mr. and Mrs. Barney Williams, J. S. Clarke and Caroline Eichings followed each other. The Williamses pro¬ duced the “ Lakes Of Killarney ” November 21, with Mr. Williams as Lanty McGlaugh- lin and Mrs. Williams asKate Kearney. Mr. Clarke appeared as Bob Brierly for the first MRS. JOHN DREW. time here December 6, and Caroline Eich¬ ings’ new parts were Pauline in the “Na¬ tional Guard,” by Auber, on the 11th, and Caroline in the “Blind Man’s Daughter,” and Irma in the “Spirit of the Bhine,” on IRS. DREW AS IMAGER the 13th of . January, 1865. Lawrence Bar¬ rett appeared on the 23d as Enoch Arden, playing besid^s Cjaude Melnotte to the Paul¬ THE RECORD OE THIRTY-ORE YEARS AT ine of Annie Gtaham, now the leading lady at the Arch, and in the “ Marble Heart,” THE ARCH STREET THEATRE. “ Money,” “ King of the Commons,” “ Ham¬ *- let,” “ Othello ” and the “ Bobbers.” On the ■ 6th of February Mrs. John Drew again be¬ UNIQUE IN DRAMATIC HISTORY came the chief attraction of her own theatre, and on the 20th the “Streets of New York” was produced by the company. On the 6th Our Leading Actress and the Parts She of March Mrs. F. W. Lander began a brief Has Played, the Plays She Has Pro¬ engagement, appearing as the Countess in “Love,” Julia, Pauline, Adrienne, Leonie duced and the Stars She Has Introduced ) Arnauld and Charlotte Gorday. Then came to the Public. : in succession Mr. and Mrs. Barney Williams, : Edwin Adams,Charlotte Thompson and Caro¬ line Eichings. Miss Thompson was seen as SECOND PAPER. Camille April 27 and Miss Eichings appeared ___ as Mme. Olga Corinne in the “Bondman” For the season of 1865-6 F. F. Mackay, E. on the 16th and in the title role of “ Norma ” L. Tilton, Louis L. James, McKee Eankin, and as Elvira in the “ Eose of Castile ” on the P. A. Fitzgerald, Charles Eogers, T. A. 26th of May. Mrs. Drew appeared in “An Creese, Miss Lizzie Creese, Miss Fanny Unequal Match ” May 29 and Griffiths playod Falstaff in “ Henry IV.” for his benefit June Eeevcs, Mrs. W. H. Beeves and Mrs. Worrell ! 10. The Webb sisters appeared in “ Poca¬ were added to the company. Mackay was hontas” and “Nicholas Nickleby,” and Sir Peter Teazle in the “School for Scandal”' | Frank Drew closed the season. September 2, the opening night. Edwin I Mrs. John Drew’s new parts were : Adams appeared on the 18th ; Mrs. Lander, | 1864. October 2; Mr. and Mrs. Barney Williams, Sept. 12—Much Ado About Nothing..Beatrice 16— Faint Heart Never Won Fair Lady, 16th, and Celeste November 27. Adams Duchess de Torrenueva played Ivan Klovitch in the “Serf;” Mrs. I 1865. Lander, Peg Woffington, Joan of Arc and ]Feb. 10—Miseries of Human Life....Margaret 11—Wonder.Violante | Mrs. Haller ; Mr. and Mrs. Barney Will- 17— How She Loves Him, I iams produced1 the “Connie Soogab,” by Laciy Selina Raffiticket Charles Gavler, which had had a great run Betsy Baker.Betsy May 29—An Unequal Match, in New York, for the first time in Philadel¬ Hester Grazebrook phia, and Mme. Celeste was seen as Miami TO BE CONCLUDED NEXT SUNDAY._1 Iin the “Green Bushes” and in “St. Mary’s Eve,” the “ French Spy,” the “ Woman in Bed” aud the “House on the Bridge of Notre Dame.” James E. Murdoch was prevented by illness from appearing on the 11th of December and Mrs. Drew filled the gap. Madame Ponisi began an engagement on the 19th, appearing as Lady Teazle, Pauline, Juliana and Lady Mac* I both. Mrs. John Drew began a cam- followed by E. Eddy, 23d; Kate R'eignolds iiaio-n of new productions on Christmas' night which lasted until January 20, I860. and Edmond Falconer, October?; Edwin Hour stars new to the Arch followed—Jean Adams, December 9; Lady Don, January ' osmer, Emma Waller, Chanfrau, sup- \ 13. 1868; Lewis Baber as Snorlcey ported by Olive Logan, and Charles Dillon. in “ Under the Gaslight,” 27th; Lotta Miss Hosmer, who was an excellent actress, in “Little Nell and the Marchioness,” Feb¬ opened as Camille ; Mrs. Waller began with ruary 24; Fanny B. Price in “Leah, the the “Duchess of Malfi.” and appeared as, Forsaken,” April 27, and as Rose Clinton in Lueretia Borgia, Lady Macbeth, Meg Mer¬ “Tangled Threads,” May 1; Amy Girdle- cies, lago! and Hamlet! 1—Chanfrau was stone as Josephine in the “Child of the starring in “Sara,” aud Charles Dillon, who Regiment,” May 11, and finally Nellie Gcr- tyas an English actor famous as Belphegor, mon and Robert Johnson in “Sons of Lib¬ the Mountebank, was seen also as Virginius, erty,” Juno 29. Julia Dean, besides the D’Artagnau, Sir Giles Overreach and Lear. 8tar parts already partly in eclipse, was seen On the 2d of April Murdoch began his de- as Lady Isabel in “ East Lynne,” and Ann laved engagement, appearing as Hover, in Catherick in the “ Woman in White ;” Eddy “Wild Oats;” Mirabel, in the “Incon¬ appeared as Jean Remy and among other stant:” Evelvn, in “Money;” Vapid, in the pieces in one " translated from the French v Dramatist,” and Hamlet. Lawrence Bar¬ expressly for” him with the ponderous title rett followed on the 16th. beginning as of “The Life and Times of Richard III.,” Lngardere, in the “Duke’s Motto;” Celeste and Miss Reignolds and Mr. Falconer pro¬ -ler, the magician, closed the season. April 6.—Play.Rosie Farquhar Mrs. John Drew’s new parts for the sea¬ 20.—Does He Love Me? Miss Vandeleur May 18.—A Wife Well Won. son of 1865-66 were as follows: Marguerite de Launay Kern*Old Heads and Young Hearts, Lady Alice The season of 1863-9 opened September 12, 8-Know Your Own Mind....Lady Bell with “She Stoops to Conquer,” in which Dee. 25—Lost in London.Nelly Armroyd Craig was now Tony Lumpkin. Lizzie 1R6«. Jan. 12—The Needful.Kate Harley Price had become the leading lady. The 15—Fortunio aud His Gined Servants, west important of the new members of the Fortunio Wjf. _ company were 51. B. Snider, Roland Reed Contrary to the usual practice the “ Belle’s and Miss Fanny Davenport. Miss Daven¬ i Stratagem” was the opening play at the port’s first appearance was made as Jenny Arch for the season of 1866-7, which began Leatherlungs in “Jenny Lind," the after¬ on the 1st of September. The first stars of the piece on the opening night. The Richiugs season were Mr. and Mrs.W. J. Florence,who Opera Company began the first star engage¬ opened September 10, Mr. Florence appear¬ ment on the 14th with “Martha.” Caroline ing as Brian Maguire in “ Inshavogue ” on Richiugs, who was now Mrs. Bernard, had the 17th, and Captain Cuttle in“Dotnbey the title rolo and Mrs. Edward Segniu and Son ” on the 19th. The other stars were (Zeida Harrison) was Nancy. The operas g,'

bon-tas,” with May Saville in the title-role. produced on tho 21st, and beginning Kate Reignolds then produced “Nobody’s itli the 26th G. L. Fox closed tho season Daughter,” 15th ; “ Serpent on the Hearth,” with “ Hninpty Dumpty.” 22d ; “Youthful Days of Richelieu,” 25th,and “Masks and Faces,” 26th, and Lina Edwin Mrs. John Drew’s new parts during the and George Clarke began the closing engage¬ season of 1868-9 were as follows : ment of the season JuneS, with a piece called 1808. j‘'Rank.” The productions by the stock Nov. 2—He’s Got Money.Maude Hillary lcompany without Mrs. Drew in the casts 9—Lancashire Lass.Ruth Kirby Dec. 7—Wolves at Bay.Lucy Drayton were “Man and Wife,” October 10; 21— Lesson in Love.Mrs. Sutherland “Two Roses,” 31st, and “Edwin Drood” 1869. November 14. Mrs. Drew’s new parts were: .Tan. 25—Twelfth Night.Viola Feb. 8—Tame Cats.Mrs. Harry Langley 1870. 22— Victim of Circumstauces, Sept. 10—Fernande.Countess Clotllde Virginia de Merlot 211—Central Pavk..Mrs. Kerr Flamberry Mar. 27—Women Rule.Mrs. Winlove Nov. 5—Morning Call.Mrs. Cblllingstoue April 5—School.Naomi Tighe 11—As You Like It.Rosalind June 7—Black and White.Miss Milburn 26— Love’s Sacrifice, Hermlue de Volmont Tho Arch was opened tor a preliminary 1870. season August 30.1869, by theLydiaTkorup- Jau. 9—Coquette.Mrs. Arthur Minton son Burlesque Company, which included, For his benefit—April 15—Sam Hcmple besides the still fair Lydia, the late Harry produced a new local skit called “The Fif¬ Beckett, W. B. Cahill, Bessie Sudlow, Eliza teenth Amendment” and on the 17th Louis Weathersby and Emily and Mary Pitt. The James played Romeo and Lizzie Price Juliet for the first time. regular season of 1869-70 began September The season of 1871-2 opened September 16 25 with “Money,” in which J. F. Cathcart with “A Bold Stroke for a Husband,” with was Evelyn ; G. W. Stoddart, Sir Frederic M. Lanagau as Don Caesar; Claude Bur¬ Blount, and Miss Annie Firmin, Georgina roughs, lost in tho Brooklyn Theatre fire, as Vesey. There were fewer stars than Don Garcia, and Josephine Laurens usual this season, Mrs. John Drew and Minette. Charles Matthews was the firs the company holding the stage until star, his productions being as follows: 1871. the 22d of January, 1870, and producing . Sept, 18—Married for Money.Mopus. a series of very successful productions com¬ Cool as a Cucumber.Plumper. I prising Boucicault’s “ Formosa,” September 20—If I’d £1,000 a Year, 27; Robertson’s “Progress,” October 18; | Paddington Green. “All’s Well That Ends Well,” 25th, in which Patter and Clatter...Captain Patter. Roland Reed was Pietro, the second soldier; Mr. Gntherwool.Gatberwool. 22—A Curious Case.Twigglelou. a drama called “Lost at Sea,” November 1; Critic. Tom Taylor’s “ Overland Route,” December Sir Fretful Plagiary and Puff. 6; “Little Dorrit,” 25tb, and “Little 25—Bachelor of Arts.Harry Jasper. Etn’ly,” January 15, 1870. John Brougham Little Toddlekins, played the first star engagement of the sea¬ Mr. JoDes Robinson Brownsmith. 27— Not Such a Fool as he Looks, son, beginning January 24, with “Playing Simon Simple. With Fire.” Besides Dr. Savage, Brougham 29—Used Up.Sir Charles Coldstream. was seen in rapid succession as Foxglove, Liar.Young AVildlng. “Flies iD the Web;” Jack Swift, “Romance Lawreucc Barrett appeared as James and Reality;” Ned MacDermot, “Red Harebell in “The Man o’ Airlie,” October 2; Light,” and Captain Cuttle, “Dombey and Lotta began an engagement on the 9ib, pro¬ Son.” Brougham was followed by Lotta ducing a new piece, “Rainbow,” 23d, and with the “ Little Detective,” “ Heart’s then November 6 came Charles Fechter, as - Ease” and the “Pet of the Petticoats;” Hamlet, Lizzie Price playing Ophelia. • Mrs. Drew and the company produced Fechter also appeared in the “Lady of “Frou Frou” and the “Good Natured Lyons,” “ Ruy Bias,” and “ Don Closer de Man.” J. K. Emmett began an engagement Bezan.” Stuart Robson played old comedy for with “Fritz” May 2 and John Brougham a week, and on November 20, a plantation returned on the 30th, closing the season play called “ Pomp, or Way Down South,” j June 4 as Micawber in “David Copperfield.” by J. J. McCloskey, was produced with J. C. Mrs. Drew’s new parts were: Campbell as Pomp. The Florences came 1869. with “Eileen Oge,” December 11; .T. S. Sbpt. 27—Formosa.Jenny Bbker Clarke and E. A. Sothern appeared in the Oct. 25—All’s Well That Ends Well...Helena Nov. 1—Lost at Sea.Laura Franklin same bills, but not in the same plays, be¬ Dec. 6—Overland Route.Mrs. Sebright ginning January 22,1872, Clarke playing D: 25—Little Dorrit.Mrs. Clennam Pangloss and Bob Acres and Sothern Dui 1870. dreary. Charles Matthews returned Mari I Jan. 15—Little Emily.Marina II, appearing as Affable Hawk in “A Game 1 April 4—Frou-Frou.Gilberte 18—Good-Natured Man...Mrs. Richland of Speculation,” and later as Woodcock, “ Woodcock’s Little Game ;” Sam, “Aggra- I The season of 1870-71, which opened Sep¬ I vatir.g Sam ;” Walsingham Potts, Esq, “Try- tember 10 with “ She Stoops to Conquer,” 1 ing it On,” and Marplot, “Busybody.” Miss saw no stars until the 5th of December, Phillis Glover appeared as Grace Jocelyn in when Oliver Doud Byron began a short en¬ Bartley Campbell’s “ Through Fire,” March gagement in “Across the Continent.” Lydia 25, and attempted Rosalind April 8; Lydia' Thompson followed January 30, 1871, with Thompson came witli “Blue Beard,” 29th; “Paris.” “Lurline” and the “Brigands;” Kate Deuin in East Lynn,” May 25, and a . Stuart Robson appeared for six nights in a New York company produced Lester Wal¬ 1 burlesque called “ Black Eyed Se-u-san ;” laces “ Veteran,” 27th. The stock company Lotta returned, closing her engagement by without Mrs. Drew presented “Silver playing Topsy in “ Uncle Tom’s Cabin ;” Lining,” April 10, and “ Buffalo Bill,” with John Brougham played Shylock in his bur¬ Barton Hill as Cody, May 13. Mrs. John lesque “Much Ado About a Merchant of Drew’s new parts were: Venice,” May 1, and Powhatan in “Po-ca- 1—Wait, and Hope Alice Walnright September 29, and “Kerry,” October 10; 15—Romance of a Poor Young Man, Lydia Thompson in “ Mepliisto,” 13th; Marguerite Loroquo Chanfran in “Kit,” 20th; Oliver Doud 15—Workingmen of Philadelphia, Byron, Dominick Murray, one of Augustin ' • _ , , Martha Savage f2i—A Roland for an Oliver, Daly’s companies in “A Flash of Lightning,” , ' Maria Darlington Joseph Murphy in “Maum Cre,” Bella Isabelle.Isabelle Golden as Naramattal in “Wept of the Mrs. Drew also played Mrs. Honeyton in Wish-ton-Wish;” J, J. Wallace in “Man “A Happy Pair,” October 18, 1871, for tho from America;” the Vokes Family in benefit of the dramatic profession in Chi¬ “Wrong Man in the Right Place” and “Fun cago. in a Fog ;” Lydia Thompson again, and Mrs. _ F. B. Conway as Armande in “ Led Astray.” A preliminary season was opened Septem¬ The productions by the stock company ber 2, 1872, by William Horace Lingard and without Mrs. Drew were Bartley Camp¬ bell’s “Little Sunshine.” November 3; Alice Dunning and Susan Benin followed, ! “ Poor and Proud of Philadelphia,” a local Oth, asMirza in the “Palace of Truth.” Tho play from Saturday Night, January 4, 1874 ; regular season of 1872-73 began 2lst with “Fun,” by Mrs. Lafitte Johnson, 21st; Loudon Assurance,” John Parealle ap¬ “Parricide,” by Augustin Daly, from thOj pearing as Sir Hareourt Courtly. Carlotta French of Beloit, 26th; “Luck in Califor-| Pe Clerc appeared 23d and was seen during nia,” by Fred Lyster, from Bret Harte, March 9, and Bartley Campbell’s “ Peril, or her engagement as lime. Fontaiges, Pauline. Love at Long Branch,” 16th. Mrs. John Julia, Constance, Rosalind. Auue C'arew in Drew created only one new part this sea¬ “A Sheep in Wolfs Clothing,” and Alice in | son—Madame Bertha in a “ Mother’s “Alice.” Joseph Proctor followed in the Love”—a new play by Charles H. Morton, “Red Pocket-Book” and “Nick of the February 16. For her benefit, February 28, Woods.” The company produced Byron’s Georgie Drew played Esther Eccles in “Partners for Life,” October 21st, and the “ Caste,” and John Drew was Captain same night Miss Georgie Drew, now Mrs. Haw tree. : Maurice Barrymore made her first appear-| anco on any stage as Leonie in the “ Ladies’ John E. Owens appeared August 31, 1874, Battle,” the afterpiece. A new play, “Bo¬ and Rose Wood and Lewis Morrison fol¬ hemia,” by a gentleman of this city, was pro¬ lowed September 18 with “ Field and Fire¬ duced October 28th, and “Daisy Farm” side.” The regular season of 1874-5 was was played November 9. Dominic Murray opened 21st with “ Belie Lamar,” in which began an engagement in “Escaped From Sing Sing,” November 11; Ada Gray in Joseph Wheelock played Philip Bligh, and “Who’s Wife,” December 2, and C. B. Theodore Hamilton followed October 5 in Bishop in De Walden’s “Upper Ten and “ Clancarty.” Ada Gray appeared in Lo wer Twenty,” 16th. Oliver' Doud Byron “ The Adventuress ” 19th and “ East Lynne ” appeared in “ Ben McCullough.” January 6, 23d, and Adelaide Neilson began her first 1S73; Frank Mayo in “ Davy Crockett,” i engagement at the Arch November 2, play¬ February 3; Mark Smith in “100 Years ing Beatrice, Juliet, Pauline, Julia and Old,” March 24; Joseph Murphy in “ Help,” April 7; Buffalo Bill in the “ Scouts of the Rosalind. The other stars of the sea¬ Prairie,” 21st; Lydia Thompson in “Robin son were Dominick Murray in “ Willy Hood,” 28th ; the Vokes family in “ Belles Reilly” November 9; Carlotta Le Clerc in of the Kitchen,” May 5, and John Thomp¬ “Mary Warner,” 23d and “Fate” 27th; a son in “On Hand,” .Tune 2. When Miss young American actress who called herself -^Seorgie Drew had her benefit. .March 22, Imogene in a piece called “ Ingemisca, 30th ; young Johu Drew made his first appearance the Carrolls in Bartley Campbell’s “ Or¬ oa_an.v stage as Plumper in “Cool as a Cu- phans,” December 7; W. J. Florence in “ Dombey and Son, January 18, 1875, and cumber.” Mrs. John Drew's new parts dur¬ “No Thoroughfare,” 20th; John Brougham ing the season were as follows: : 25th and as Terry in the “ Lottery of Life,” 1372. 30th ; Oliver Dowd Byron, February 1, pre¬ Oct. 26-Ladies’ Battle.Countess senting “ Thoroughbred ” by Frank Rogers, tsr™ O TT0*1?™1?,';.Mrs. Augustus Poole 15th ; Miss Alice Kingsbury, the elfin star, n?V‘e-s ^ill.Florence Marigold in “ Fanchou ” and “ Child of the Savanna,” ^isis23-^011 0t the Nigtu.Ghebel March 29; Helen Houghton as Julia, Jane, »*-False Shame.Mrs. Col. Howard Eyre and Juliet, April 12, four nights ; the .Mar. 22—More Precious than Gold. Stoddart Combination in the “Long Strike," ~ , Lady Lonsdale 19th ; Lena Meyers’ German Opera Bouffe i\r tn Lool as a Cucumber.Wisrsrins May 19 Dead Shot...Louisa Lovetrlck Company in “ Girofle-Girofla,” 26th ; Aimee, May 3, and Neil Bryant’s Minstrels June 7. The Arch reopened with the “Black Mrs. J' ’ n Drew’s parts were Mrs. De Witt K’ . in “ Women of the Day, by Crook” August 23,1873, and John E. Owens V Cha^cSa. Morton, December 14, and Tiddy j followed in his usual lino of comedy parts. Dragglethorpe in “Lost in London,” 21st. J The regular season of 1873-4 began Septem¬ The plays produced by the stock company ber 22 with “Justice,” a new play by Mrs. were “Pirate’s Legacy,” October 10; “Law Lafitte Johnson, in which Jjouis Aldrich J in New York,” by Joseph Bradford and was Robert, Count de Salnage; Russell Fred Stinson. 12th ; “ Masons of Our City,” l Bassett, De Sivry; Charles H. Morton, De by C. H. Morton. January 11, and “ Nobody’s Vernieul; J. J. Louden, De Braval; F. D. Daughter,” by Fred Maeder, March 1. This was the last season of distinctly stock pro¬ Allen, Baron Adrien; W. Wallis, Antenor; ductions. Kate Browning, Blanche de Salnage ; Hattie O’Neil, Olyrupe; Ada Rehan, Flora, and Augustin Daly’s company opened the Mary Johnson, Zanetta. Tho stars of Arch for the season of 1875-6 September season were Dion Boucicault in “7 6th with the “Big Bonanza,”and E. L. Dav- rir:

___ •

enport followed in tragedy, 20th; Augusta On the 22d of February, 1 Dargon iu Tennyson’s “ Queen Mary,” Drew appeared for the first time at adapted by Stephen Fiske, October 4th; [as Mrs. Malaprop in the “ Rivals.” Mrs. James A. Oates in comic opera, 11th; the Vokesfamily, 25th; the “TwoOrphans,” The star-combination system was no November 1st; Edwin Adams, 15th ; Fanny fully established, and during the remainiL0 Davenport in “School for Scandal,” 22d, thirteen years of Mrs. John Drew’s manage¬ 1 following with “Divorce,” “Frou-Frou” and ment. the Arch Street Theatre has no his- “Oliver Twist;” Milnes Levick in a new play “Harvey Birch, the Spy,” December jtory. The Florences came with the “Mighty 6th; George Fawcett Rowe as Micawber Dollar,” October 13,1879; William Gillette jin “Little Em’ly.” 13th; Ada Ricli- with the “Professor,” January 12, 1880; ' jmond in “Ahmed,” 20th; Rose Wood the Abbey Company with “Fairfax,” April and Lewis Morrison in “ Deadly Chal¬ 5; the Union Square Company with the lenge,” January 10, 1876; Rachel Ma¬ “Banker’s Daughter,” 12th ; Annie Graham caulay, 17th, in “ Frou-Frou,” “ East Lynne” in “Upper Crust,” May 24 ; Ada Cavendish land other plays; Mr. and Mrs. Barney in the “New Magdalen,” September 6; Sal- Williams, 24th; Mrs. John Drew as Elvira vini, November 29; J. B. Polk in the “Gen¬ jBangs iu “Running a Corner,” 31st; John tleman from Nevada,” December 27; Neil !McCullough, February 21, in the Forrest Burges* in the “Widow Bedott,” January repertoire, including “Jack Cade” and 10, 1881; the Boston Ideal Opera Company, j | “ Metamora ;” Bessie Darling in “Magnolia,” 17th; Barney Macauley in the “Messenger ,March 6; George Kunkel in “Uncle Tom’s from Jarvis Section,” February 14; M. B. It; Cabin,” 13th ; Robert McWade in “ Rip Van [Curtis in “Sam’l of Posen,” April 4; John K AVinkle,” 20th; Tony Pastor’s troupe, April 3; T. Raymond in “Fresh,” 25th; Genevieve i; ! Rose Eytinge iu “ Rose Michel,” 24th ; Katie Ward in “Forget-Me-Not,” November 14; ,, j Putnam iu “Old Curiosity Shop,” May 8; i the Sparks Company iu “ Dreams,” Janu; try J Joseph Murphy in “Kerry Gow,” June 5; 1 9. 1882; Sol Smith Russell in “Edgewood jHarriganand Hart in “DoyleBrothers,” 12th, Folks,” February 13; the Hanlon Brothers and the Salsbury Troubadours in “ Patch- in the "Voyage en Suisse,” 20th; Annie work,” July 3. Miss Georgie Drew was the Pixley in “M’liss,” April 24; Gus Williams leading lady this season. Mrs. Drew played in “Our German Senator,” May 8; Jeffreys Cynisca to her Galatea for her benefit April Lewis in “La Belle Russe,” September 18; . i 15. With this season the stock system ended. James O’Neill in “An American King,” 25th; jJanauschek, November 13; Emma Abbott, I W. H. Leak opened the season of 1876-7 | 20th; Louis Aldrich iu " My Partner,” March 126, 1883; Gus Williams iu “One of the (with “ Under the Willows ” August 21 and Finest,” April 9; “A Parisian Romance,” I was followed by the Fieldings in “True I with Mansfield in the east, November Grit,” George H. Tylor’s “Humpty- 12; “A Bunch of Keys,” 19th; Mar iDumpty” Troupe, Mrs. D. P. Bowers in i-garet Mather as Juliet, January 21, 1884; “ Led Astray," Fanny Davenport in “ Pique,” “A Rag Baby,” September 1; Barry and Fay (Anna Dickinson in “A Crown of Thorns,” jin “All Crazy,” 8th; “Theo,” October 20; I Emily Soldene in comic opera, Ben de Bar Hanlon’s “Fantasma,” December 22; “We, as Falstaff, , Sothern, Effie Us & Co.,” February 1, 1885; “Shadows of Ellsler in Bartley Campbell’s “ Heroine iu a Great City,” 23d; “A Tin Soldier,” Octo¬ Rags ” and Simmons and Slocum’s Minstrels. ber 5; Frohman’s company in “May Blos¬ som,” April 19, 1886; Gillette in the “Pri¬ The season of 1877-1878 opened August 3 vate Secretary.” May 3; Helen Dauvrav in [with Haverly Minstrels, the attractions “ One of Our Girls,” October 11; Eifie .F'ls-.l j including May Howard in Bartley Camp- ler iu “ Woman Against Woman,” November j bell’s “ Hearts,” Harry Beckett in the 1; “Held By the Enemy,” December 13; i “Overland Route,” with Mrs. John Drew as “A. Hole in the Ground,” April 18, 1887; “Jim the Penman.” September 5; “Natural i Mrs. Lovebond; the Union Square Theatre Gas,” January 23, 1888; Dan Sully in j Compauy headed by Charles R. Thorne, Jr., “Daddy Nolan,” February 27; Sol Smith j in the “Danickeffs” and other pieces; Mag- Russell in “A Poor Relation,” February 4, j gie Moore and J. C. Williamson in “ Struck 1889: “A Brass Monkey,” 18th; “Later ! Oil;” the Hess English Opera Company, On,” March 11; “Captain Swift,” September George Rignold in “ Henry V.,” “ Round 9; the Jefferson-Florence combination in the Clock,” Kate Claxton, Rose Eytinge, the “Rivals,” December 23; Daniel Sullv in Madjeska as Camille, Colville’s Folly Com¬ the “Millionaire,” October 13, 1890, and pany, Lawrence Barrett and the Union “Hanlon’s “Superba,” January 5, 1891. Square Theatre Company in “A Celebrated Case.” j A grand testimonial was given to Mrs. I John Drew at the Arch June 7, 1880. One j The season of 1878-9 opened September 2 of the latest parts created by her was [with the Berger family and Sol Smith Rus- Belinda Treherne in “Engaged,” May 10, Jsell, the attractions comprising N. C. Good¬ 18S6, and the last Widow Green in the win and Eliza Weathersbv in “ Hobbies,” “Love Chase” two weeks ago. With her appearance as the Widow Greau the story [Clara Morris in “ Miss Multou,” Fred Warde of her thirty-one years of management was and Maurice Barrymore in “Diplomacy,” closed. Fanny Davenport in “ Olivia,” Abbey’s Park Theatre Company, including Agnes Booth, in “Old Love Letters ” and “ Hurri- jcanes,” Den Thompson in “Joshua Whit- icomb,” Rice’s “ Evangeline,” McKee Rankin in the “ Danites,” Robson and Crane in the “ Comedy ot Errors,” “ Pinafore,” “ Sor¬ cerer,” and George S. Knight in “ Otto.” Hi mother's memory willem___anew the sympathy of all her friends, who will • 21/, PccOua) ffind new evidence of reason^ for affection in the collection of books that will bear I J(fL, herh name. The Law School of the Uni¬ versity has a library placed there in memory of the late George Biddle, and I JQa3Z^ ^n

\ How He Dared and Defeated the I Hessian Host at Red Bank.

the story of new JERSEY’S MARATHON. OF RED bake as it appears to-day. L--MM ———-k Jog barn.wnicn the ragged Continentals had torn apart in beam and frame; up«n the devastation of the orchard,which that suave and courtly, but unbending and determined Frenchman, M.de Mauduit, the engineer of the Continental brigade,had ordered. How her heart had rebelled that October morning when this polished foreigner had informed her, as she stood beside her husband in the doorway, that those trees must be sacrificed to strengthen the entrenchments, and how, without so much as spying “by your leave,” the command had been given to the half hundred hungry looking men in rusty regi¬ mentals, to cut and spare not. Dear Lord, was there ever such an awful thing as war? But, while the axes of the Rhode Island pioneers were ringing among, the apple and peach orchards Dame Whitall sat spinning in her room, and the music of the wheel in her ears drowned the discord of the devastation outside. But there was more than this picture of ruin that met the gaze of the Quakeress as she looked through the window to the north. There were rude and unsightly em¬ bankments beyond the desolated orchards where the reddish-yellow clay lay in great and apparently unsymmetrical heaps; along unbroken bank of earth that began at the The Battle Monument in the woods. edge of the bluff overlooking the river, and curving east and north extended as far as sharp hoof-heat of martial messengers, she could see to the edge of the ravine a and the swift challenge of sentries at quarter of a mile and more away to the her own hearth-stone. The Delaware, too, bend of the stream. Men were working which she had known during the quarter of fiercely behind this pile of yellow earth; a century of her life at Red Bank only as a some of them like madmen, with hats and wide thoroughfare for the batteaux of peace¬ coats aside, and bosoms bared to sun and ful traders, a roadway for the square-sailed wind : near each group of toilers was a squad and squatty ships that came from Plymouth of armed men always with eyes directed to and London to bring new colonists to the the north and east where the forest grew province of William Penn, was war’s high¬ heavy down to the clearing's edge. The way now, for could she not from the bluff sound of mattox and slide of shovel more beyond her door step see the war ships than once came faintly to her ears,mingling of his Majesty girdling the shining water with voices of command, as she peered at Billingsport, and hear the troubled roar through the half-opened window where the of eight-pounders farther down toward the sun shone warm and longest. Canes. There was a fascination in his picture to No wonder then that Dame Whitall sighed Dame Whitall which she would scarcely as she looked upon the wreck of the great have cared to confess to John; there was TONES, “THAT WE ASK NO QUARTER, TELL YOUR COMMANDER,” HE CRIED IN HINGING NOR WELL WE GIVE ’ANY-” so huddling in the fierce vigor oi these dust ; ■begrimed and guarded workmen,in the sav¬ the gleam of sun g white extend- age frenzy with which they struck their tools into the yielding sod, which held her to her room and window. She understood sjrsssx- _-xi what it all meant and it was this knowledge which fascinated her, for she knew that there was awaiting her a picture of death mainmast bead on every vessel that: Witt im and carnage which few women among \ £ her memory had gone upward with the tide all earth’s millions are ever vouchsafed a upon the bosom of the Belawaie—Ue ‘ u„ glimpse. if teor flag of England. And then, and she THE RED hINE IN THE FOREST. would hot liked to have confessed this heart■ s ..1 truth to John either, she #w another fl „ Beyond the rude earthworks, out across It*hat made her pulses throb a little taster, a the barren stubble field and within the IPoueer nondescript gonfalon nailed to .‘ - * ■

OJLiD WHIT ALL HOUSE ON THE BATTLEFIELD OF BED BANK. the big walnut tree beside the bluff; port ancTJKecTBank, bolt .Mercer was of color, red and blue and white, eated at the bend in the river at the latter th some stars somewhere in its folds, and place, while just across the Delaware on it floated above the dusty, ragged, fierce, the Pennsylvania marshland was what was untiring groups that toiled like giant ants then known as the Mud Port, but which behind the yellow banks up yonder near now appears among the list of .United the fort. : States harbor defenses as Fort Mifflin, The Dame Whitall saw all this at intervals,for keen foresight of Washington led him to the whirl of her spinning wheel ceased only note especially this fatal weakness in the an instant, now and then, while she noted apparently victorious march of Hcwe. To the changes in the line of white and red cut.cut off the sunoliessupplies of the British gengeneral, within the forest to the north and east. which meant the continued supremacy of Yet inside the trenches of the Continental the Colonial forces along the river, whs the troops near the Whitall mansion there was aim of the great commander-in-chief at this hot a suggestion of confusion or disorder. In fact, Miltiades, waiting for the supreme juncture. , Iu the sixty days following the in¬ day which would place him in command vesture of Philadelphia, two months in of the forces of Greece that he might at¬ which the reddish bluffs of Jersey and the tack the army of Asia lying on the plain lowlands and foot hills of Pennsylvania in of Marathon, was not more impatient than the valley of the Delaware echoed to the | were Lieutenant Colonel Christopher Greene roar of English smooth bores and Colonial j and his little band of 400 men from Rhode mortars, there is crowded more of the ro¬ I Island, New Jersey, and. Pennsylvania for mance of history in this fight for a nation’s | the onslaught of the Hessian hirelings at freedom than can be found in all the range j Fort Mercer on that fateful day, 115 years of time from the first musket shot in front j ago. But, as leading up to this New Jersey of the meeting house at Lexington in the I Marathon, a retrospective glance is neces- gray dawn of that April morning to the i sary to make the relative positions of as¬ 1 last signature ou the provisional articles of sailant and defender more clear. peace at Paris, nearly eight years later. * THE STOBY OF 1777. True, there were no decisive battles in which the fate of nations swung as a pen¬ General Howe was in possession of ^ dulum between enslavement and absolute Philadelphia. Four weeks previous, almost ; liberty of self-governent; but some of to a day, the army of King George, after ! England’s heroes have built enduring rep- the victory of the Brandywine, had en¬ ulations upon deeds less meritorious and tered the city of William Penn, and they daring than those which marked the unfal¬ held it despite the efforts of Washington at tering bravery and splendid patriotism of Germantown. But Howe, so far as Phila¬ Continental soldiers, w hose sole memory to posterity is a scant line in co-temporaneous delphia was concerned, was in a trap un¬ history and an unmrrked grave in t esoil of less he could open a way for supplies for his a State which was not their birthplace. men by way of the Delaware. His broth¬ The Howes, one by land,the other on the er’s fleet must bring him succor and wafer, fought as never brothers fought to do this it was necessary that the before to subjugate these stubborn Colonists forts along the Delaware be silenced ! who stood a living wall of flesh and biooJ and the strongholds of the Continental! barring the way of relief and reinfor Army destroyed, bn the New Jersey side j ments to tbe army of the King in Philai of the river theijeiwere defences at Billings- pbia. Could the war ships but ojcce pass ,

, loiv. ■

VIEW _OF THE. MOA Mud Tortjnow Mifflin) and Fort Mercer at the bluff that the Hessians were Red Bank the problem of relief to the coming. The memory of that march to British would be solved. Dowd be¬ death of the British hirelings is still pre¬ low Billingsport there were anchored served in Gloucester County, for the high¬ four of the most formidable ships in way which led many of them, and their Great Britain’s Colonial fleet. The commander among the number, to forgot¬ Augusta, man-of-war, sixty-four guns, ten graves still bears the name of the Hes¬ the Roebuck, forty-four guns; the Merlin, sian Road. eighteen guns, a sister frigate and two gal¬ THE COMING OF THE HESSIANS. leys. The hoar frost still lingered on the scarlet Afif THE DOUBLE ATTACH. leaves of the dogwood trees in the thick In planning the attack on Fort Mercer wood on the morning of October 22, when by land an attack on Fort Mifflin by water the Hessians reached its edge and saw. was contemplated. The assaults were to be before them, less than 500 yards distant, the simultaneous, and the first gun at Red Bank tawny earthworks of the “rebel” Colonists. was to be the signal for the commencement of the iron bail from the flotilla upon the j The faint blue smoke spirals from the embrasures of Mifflin. But, just as Burgovne’s | Quaker Whit-all’s morning fire were curling over-confidence led to his downfall—so upward in the crisp air from the broad did the clever plans of the Howes go all chimney as the two cannon which Count Donop’s men had dragged behind them astray by the result of the action on the were unlimbered and masked behind a heap Quaker’s farm which Dame Whit-all wit¬ of brushwood in the forest. It was a scene nessed in the fading light of that October of peace,that landscape with the wide sweep afternoon as she sat at her spinning wheel of river in the distance to the west,which in the northeast corner room of the old it seemed no roll of drum or blast of trum¬ homestead. pet might disturb. On the morning of October 21, 1777, To the Hessian troops there was little Count Donop, a soldier of fortune in the bustle and no confusion apparent within army of the King, led four battalions, 1200 and around the fort. Here and there the in all of picked Hessian troops—the flower head of a sentry could be seen beyond the of that menial host of 17,000 which the outer line of earthworks; sometimes the Landgrave of -Oassel hired to Royal flash of a glistening gun-barrel in the morn¬ George to strengthen his broken lines in ing sun. But Rhode island men of the line, the Colonial war—across the Delaware, and landed at what is now Cooper’s Point, Sand the New Jersey and Pennsylvania vol¬ unteers were toiling and moiling behind The same evening they marched to Had- their rifle pits and with each shovelful of donfield, but when Timber Creek was j earth and every stroke of mattock lifting reached it was found that the Jersey yeo¬ 1 them higher and broader against the com¬ men had torn the bridge to pieces, and a ing of.that alien host. further march of four miles was necessitated As the day grew and the shadows to reach a shallow ford. There was a brief were falling farther eastward this was rest in the early hours of the night during the picture which Dame Whitalt saw which the road to Red Bank saw more than I from her chamber window as she one rough riding farmer go galloping past paused in her spinning to watch the in the gloom with tidings to the little garri- ... — - . . Hessian line of red within the fore, iborder and note the flutter of that noud' i script flag nailed near the summit of r, mignt have been a hi fort. o the dead; not a shimmer of sunlight '•failed to observe, upon sword or bayonet ; net a word of r e¬ i it little thought, mand: no evidence of life bevond ihnt the lengths of nondescript “rebel” banner nailed to ouching behind t00> tbe Pitiful |llf .pg there to meet the i- A nearer and nearer the rilie ffits If my of trained Euro- eattbPlln" t le. rusty stubhle into the dusty j: '1 the pan- earth, came the six hundred hirelings U y 1,'I ’ strength. Dame Whitehall marked their advance! If'. 'Whita.il with eager eye—the movement of her ” h. the baud and foot was purely mechanical now' - within rfood gre’ —but the spinning wheel never stopped ; its It was 3.30 low whirl seemed to come back in1 an offisor ! echo from the four sides of the white¬ carrying a white handkerchief on a ramrod, ' washed chamber like a whispered warn¬ and accompanied by a drummer,rode across ing. the stubble field and approached the fort— The outer line of the Colonial garrison’s a high colored, well fed, imperious junior earthworks was reached at last,still in that who drew rein within earshot of the garri¬ awful, ominous silence of the beleagured son,and, with insolent voice and intonation, ones. There was a harsh command from the exclaimed:— Hessian officer and the line broke and “The King of England orders his rebel- poured over like a resistless flood. As the ’-'pus subjects to lay down their arms; and survivors afterward confessed, they thought, they are warned that if they stand battle no that the Colonial defenders had deserted! quarter will be given.” the fort, and that the battle was wTon. THE DEFIANCE OF CHRISTOPHER GREENE. Fatal error. Dame Whitehall saw it all Sharp and clear as clarion note came the through the window as she lifted her eyes , from her wheel, whose revolutions grew answer, as a man in faded uniform sprang! slower and slower now. but never stopped. 1 to the top of the redoubt. There whs no There was a shout as the foremost of the quayer in his voice, as Lieutenant Colonel; assailants leaped over the ditch-like space | Christopher Greene sent back this message! which separated the outer line of works of defiance;— from the redoubt. The color-hearer in “Tell your commander” he cried in ring¬ advance had almost reached the summit ing tones, “that we ask no quarter, nor of a merlon when suddenly, swiftly, with will we give any.” death-dealing havoc, a sheet of fiery red The white flag fell to the gray mare’s leaped across parapet and through emr side as officer and drummer went back brasure to meet and mingle with the line | across the stubble field. Lame Whitall of red that swept ud from below. itnessed the episode through the window;! Before the echoes of the first discharge e spinning wheel did not stop, though the had died way there came a second; this ! rvtbmic movement of her slippered foot time the sullen roar of Fort Mercer’s can¬ grew slower, and the music of the wheel I non, from whose black muzzles poured went around the walls of the carpetless forth a. raking storm of grape that i room with something in it like a moan. made the line below to melt away and ! Just then tbere was a heavy foot uponj fall in mangled heaps while the yellow i the stair, and with his sober countenance earth beneath was streaked with rivulets of ' aglow with mingled excitement and pertur¬ crimson that vied in brightness with the [ bation, John Whitall hurried to his wife. color of the dogwood leaves. “There will be a battle, Anna, and we THE ROET OF THE INVADERS. st flee. Thee will come with us?” “Nay, John,” was the quiet answer,while It was more than human courage could the spinning wheel never stopped, “God s stand, even Dutch courage, and, leaving the arm is strong, and he will protect me here. ghastly piles with hideously distorted faces I may do good by staying. Go thy way, and writhing limbs behind them in the and fear not for me.” trenches,the survivors fled across the beaten John Whitall knew what these words field and through the marsh above the fort, meant from quiet Anna; thirty years of every now and then dropping one of their married life had taught him how to accept number in answer to the crack of the uner¬ such domestic decrees, and the heavy foot¬ ring flintlocks of the beleagured garrison. steps went down stairs again and were heard Schoolboy history has immortalized the no more that day within the mansion walls. expression of that commander who on It was a quarter of five when the Breed’s Hill gave the order which decimated red line emerged from the woods, the ranks of Howe and Bigot—“Reserve formed steadily, and came in unbroken your fire until you can see tne whites of front across the field. The Hessians their eyes.” But no text-hook writer has had been divided; two battalions immortalized Lieutenant ColonelChristopber were detailed to make the assault upon the Greene, whose words of defiance rang across north and northeast, and two upon the the Quaker Wbitall’s stubble field, and south, for Eort Mercer, with its environ- whose order reserved the fire of his little - meat of earthworks, covered thi space of! band of 400 until the Hessian were shou;ing half a dozeD acres, and its line of intrench- victory upon the ramparts of his mud re¬ ments stretched in total length a distance doubt. of 1000 'feet, with the river in the rear and But there was other bloody work to fol¬ the open farm land upon its other side. low. Less than a quarter of a mile away The outer line of earthworks bad not been completed when Colonel Grecae withdrew' below, and nearest to the Wbitail mansion, ids men to the redoubt. Count Donop in person was leading the The harsh rattle of the single drum beat second detachment to certain death. The an advance as the red line, doggedly, un-1 same cool, calculating discipline which bad waveringly, came on with the declining sun marked the conduct of the defense at the malting their musket barrels to gleam like upper redoubt, was manifested here; there silver. The fort for all sign J)f life about! was the cold blooded reservation of THE NEW OF OLD FORT MIFFLIN. lire until the buttons on the coats of the j sauItTwas to be made on Fort Mercer and Hessians could he counted, and then the Fort Mifflin. But the attack on the latter smooth-bores rained death from behind the by the British ships in the Delaware was inner earthworks. It was in the midst of the battle, when i postponed until the day following the Hes- the gray cloud of powder smoke hung Isian rout at Fort Mercer. The assault b< heavy above the survivors and the slain, gan shortly aftei sunrise. that Dame Whitall ceased spinning. The » J BATTLES BY WATER. aim of the Lord had protected her thus far but a warning not to be neglected caused When the campaign on Philadelphia by the beat of her slippered foot on the treadle the British was first decided upon the Amer¬ to cease; it was an eight-pound shot that icans prepared for it by blocking the chan¬ went crashing through brick and mortar nel of the Delaware at various points below and partition above her head; a messenger Red Bank with chevaux de frise. But from the British fleet'below, and its course the man who had directed the placing of can be marked on the venerable pile to this these obstructions eventually deserted to i day by the curious visitor who may care to the British and by his knowledge of their ’ ! wander into that portion of Gloucester location assisted the fleet to remove enough County. of them to force a passage. It was in this THE LORD GAVE HER WORK. bombardment of Fort Mifflin that the fate The Lord had other work than spinning of the Augusta, sixty-four-gun man-of-war, for Dame Whitall to do on that day of bat¬ was sealed. In the midst of the battle a tle. One-third of all the Hessian soldiery hot shot directed by one of Lieutenant Col¬ lay within and without the mud fortress of onel Samuel Smith’s gunners in Fort Miff¬ Colonel Christopher Greene,and before sun- lin struck and set fire to the stately craft. set the Whitall homestead was a hospital She drifted onto a mud hank below Red filled with groans and dying men. Bank and at noon on that clay blew up with History devotes only a line or two to this a loud report. The Merlin was tired in the Quaker heroine who watched the battle of same manner, and before nightfall her Led Bank from her chamber window while blackened hull was smouldering on the low she spun, and who afterward became an beach below Fort Mifflin. _ ■ It is unnecessary to follow in detail the angel of mercy to the victims of the car¬ events so disastrous to the American armies nage. She moved among the wounded with along the Delaware, but marked by unex¬ bandages and water, scolding the Hessians ampled heroism against overwhelming num¬ for coming to America to butcher the uto- bers, which ended in the destruction of Fort Mercer by Cornwallis and the evacuation .ple, . but withholding. ~ <=> nothing thatvuciv UUIUUcould ai-al ieviate their sufferings or soothe their dyinc of Fort Mifflin by the intrepid Lieutenant agonies. History, too, hints pretty bro-ffllv Colonel Smith after 250 of his 400 men in that John Whitall was a Tory and that "his the garrison bad been killed or wounded, sympathies in all those years of strife and the commander himself corn- were with the armies of the Kin°- it celled to go across to Fort Mercer, suffering i?ay be B®. certain it is thaT the from a wound which nearly cost him his flag of the Rhode Island line, on the wal- life. The story is at once one of the bngnt- nu„ tree, was emblematic of the natri- est ar.d darkest in all the history of the war otism that held a place in the ?ieart \ n Tn ilia -rvo r»rl y-n; the .^y-eyed Quakeress, THE EOMANCE OF FOFT MIFFLIN. ana that its gaudy folds were dearer to The romance of Fort Mifflin yet remains her eyes than all the flags she had ever seen j to be written. The agitation for a fortilica- ttdth DfbeD

ivcrtising guide for petty shop-keepers of at town, who have the monopoly of the This monument was erected on the 22<1 lotographic views of the aDcient fort. It of October, 1829, to transmit to posterity . ™ a petty inconsistency which has perhaps a grateful remembrance of the patriotism and gallantry of Lieutenant Colonel Chris¬ no counterpart in any other Government iu topher Greene, who with 4o0 men con¬ I all the world. quered the Hessian Army of 2000 troops, On a chilly November day in 1848 the then in the British service, at Red Bank on the 22d October, 1777. Among the late Benson J. I.ossing, the historian, vis¬ wonnded was found their commander. ited the battlefield at Red Bank under par¬ Count Donon, who died of his wounds ticularly unfavorable circumstances. The and whose body Is interred near tho spot where he fell. >nly mode of reaching it then was by skiff ferry from League Island. With that elab¬ orate and interesting detail with which Lossing invested everything touched by his The stubble field across which Count gifted pen he tells of the obstacles which Donop and nis Hessians marched on that !fatal afternoon so long ago is a potato field now, its western border the tree covered embankments raised by the Continental (heroes of 1777, and at their base a long ! row of hotbeds. The creak of lumbering Icart wheels and the murmur of the driver’s voice are the only sounds that break the stillness of the famous battlefield. THE UNMARKED GRAVES. But the graves of the 400 Hessians and (twelve Americans—those who perished under the eyes of Dame Whitall—what of (them? Not a mound remains to mark their (whereabouts. The grave of the gifted .Donop—who, in the flower of his youth, died of his wounds down yonder in the old brick mansion with the bitter exclamation upon his whitening lips, “I am finishing a no career early; I die a victim of my own am¬ bition and the avarice of my sovereign” an unmarked, level spot between tue hot- - beds of the tenant farmer whose harvests brighten the battlefield. The gravestone MAIN ENTRANCE that once marked his final resting place is he encountered. How, with his friend An¬ used to block the wheels of a trucker’s cart. drews, be lost his way and drove nearly to “Count Donop was buried on the spot Fort Mifflin before the mistake was discov¬ where he was found, was ne not?” inqu: ered. Then the pair retraced their road, the visitor of the farmer who tends tb reached the stone retaining wall of League property for the Government, rent free, Island, and spent the noon hour muffled in “Yes, I believe be was, but the man who heavy coats, signalling with a handker¬ occupied the place before me said that hr chief on a rattan cane for the ferryman, was washing out of his grave,so he bad and eating a lunch of bread, cheese, sau¬ bones lifted and dug a grave for him flow sages, and grape jelly. here by the hotbeds. There is no mar to the new grave and. the ground has been THE REDOUBT FOKTY-EOUE YEARS AGO. trampled level this two years and more.” He found the redoubt and outer earth¬ There is a legend related with implicit works of Colonel Greene at Red Bank in a belief by Pausanias that for centuries after fair state of preservation. The monument Jthe battle of Marathon,in which the Greeks repelled the invading hosts of the Persians, on the site of the old fort was defaced by tbe battlefield was haunted at night by the vandal hands of relic hunters; ! spectral armies, the sound of snorting the grave of Count Donop marked by a chargers and the clash of arms. If from stone and the fragment, of a cannon lying the dead past of an bundled odd years the in the front yard of tS'e Whitall mansion. troops of Donop and Greene could revisit The visitor to the historic spot to-day fifids the scene of their conflict and re-enact in little changed after the lapse of .fppty-four spectral habiliments the awful episodes of that Autumn day,above the sound of march¬ years. The blue-veined marble monument ing men,the long roll of the Hessian drum, with its close lined lettering still stands in and the command to charge, there would the tangled wildwood on the bluff a little ring out. strong and clear and bold in the back from its crumbling brink. It has ears of the midnight watchers beside the been moved since the visit of the historian, peaceful river the defiance of brave Chris¬ a little farther south of its former position topher Greene, to the arjny of the King, and nearer the center of the old redoubt. The long grass, starred with violeis and !daisies, bends caressingly wth every breeze Around its base. Through the trees,burdened I with a wealth of climbing vines, one catch¬ es the shine of the sunlight on the wide [reaches of the Delaware to the west, and in the distance on the farther shore the white walls of the restored Fort Mifflin, with the low hills of Pennsylvania, envel¬ oped in blue, filmy haze, as a background. Carved on the monument’s western face is this simple but eloquent inscription-

■ THE JOLLY POST.

f®

RELICS OF QUAKER PHILADELPHIA SOON TO DISAPPEAR. THE LAMB TAVERN, THE JOLLY POST AND OTHERS.

Every spring the renewal of building ac¬ The truck patch, attached to the tavern, i tivity (renews with it the regret at the j was managed by the landlord’s wife, who i demolition of Quaker Philadelphia. The | brought the produce to market. But as years latest announcement of this encroachment passed the farm was given up for a brick upon our old landmarks is that the old yard, operated by Thomas H. Flood. In 1 Lamb Tavern is to be demolished to give 1874 the tavern was kept by C. Scattergood. place to the demands of a growing city for It was then a great meeting place for drivers, ; modern residences. The Lamb Tavern is horse-owners aud sporting men in genlral, who maintained a driving track back of the '■ about eighty years old ; it is known that tavern, known as Humboldt Park. ,it was built in the early part of this century, some time previous to the open¬ Mr. J. F. Dreer the other day told the fol¬ ing to the war of 1812. It was erected lowing story: “One Sunday I went to hear between two roads, one known as the the Kev. John Chambers preach. He, as is Fall’s road and the other as Islington well known, was a very plain-spoken man lane. From the city it was reached by the in the pulpit, and had the reputation for Old Lamb Tavern road, a thoroughfare calling everything by its name. His ser¬ which ran west past the Old Punch Bowl, mon on the Sunday I attended his church, off Broad street, above Diamond, and now, was on temperance, and among other things, in consonance with our absurd aud egregi¬ I remember him saying: 11 am sorry to say ous practice of disregarding historic names, that perhaps the most famous drinking ; called Wissahickon avenue. In its day the old place in this town is a tavern called The Lamb Tavern was a famous hostelry, being Lamb. Now, my kind friends, who can im¬ the rendezvous for many fashionable coaching agine a more unappropriate and incongruous and sleighing parties from the city proper. name for a rum mill than The Lamb ? A It was also a great haunt for actors, lawyers name, my friends, which we give, aud justly and other professional men, the late Edwin belongs, to a gentle, innocent and patient Forrest and several of his boon companions little creature, and which we also associate with all that is good, virtuous and upright. being particulary fond of its good cheer. At Truly, then, this noted tavern is a wolf in one time John Kloppe was its jovial land¬ lamb’s clothing that attracts the unwary to lord, and his son, so it is said, who had often destruction, and against which, therefore, seen Forrest perform, could imitate the all good people should protest by tearing great actor to the life. the mantel of a lamb from its shoulders, H nd as a warning—and for decency’s sake [[M _ THE UNRUH HOUSE. Fsee to it—that the place is renamed The modern building. It hasTnot been usea.as a Tiger.’ ” hotel since before the high license law took For years nast, the old Lamb tavern effect. But up till about teu years ago, and has been in appearance only a memory of for considerably over one hundred years the good old days. In 1800 such a thing as back, it was a very popular and noted the modern hotel was of course unknown. ' tavern. But such taverns as the Lamb had many It is built of rough stone, two stories merits. They advertised in the newspapers 1 and an attic in height, with old fashioned of the day to accommodate “man and windows and hipped roof, and a long, iovv, beast,” and well they did it. Instead) of porch running along the front. Its large the haughty clerk of our times, the jolly wagon sheds and its stabling for forty horses ■•Wrti'V. landlord himself welcomed the weary trav¬ afforded ample accommodations for the eler. If the table cloth of the old Lamb horses and teams of the farmers who stopped tavern was coarse, it was spotlessly clean there on tlieir way to market. and white, and the plain deal table always Well-authenticated tradition has it that groaned under the weight of the viands the inn was named by General Washington. which, if they presented no great variety, One day during the Revolutionary war were well-cooked and wholesome. Out Washington with several of his stafl' officers grandfathers were great eaters and stout had been reconuoitering in the neighbor¬ drinkers, and there was no need with them of a French menu to whet hood of Frankford, and as night came on their appetites. Boast beef, a leg of mut- attempted to cross Frankford creek to re¬ ton, ham and cabbage, a fat fowl, were- turn to Philadelphia ; but heavy rains had the solid dishes laid before them, and to swollen the stream. The general and his drink they bad ale, port or maderia and a party were consequently obliged to return glass of Jamacia rum and hot water to top to the village inn to spend the night. Of off with, which left them in a good condi¬ course, the news that the great Washington tion to sleep soundly on the clean beds pre¬ was quartered at the tavern spread like wild¬ pared for them in the small rooms, whose fire through the quiet town, and it was ! bare floors, whitewashed walls and plain quickly determined by the younger ele¬ curtains invited health it not dreams of pala¬ ment to have some sort of a celebration in honor of the occasion. A country dance was tial splendors. soon arranged in the inn parlor, and until lato in the night the general was enter¬ The old- “Jolly Post” Tavern, on Main tained by the scraping oi' fiddles, dancing ! street above Orthodox, one of the oldest and general merriment. The next morning landmarks of Frankford, is another of our he left the inn at an early hour. On arriv¬ historic old inns that will soon be a thing of ing in Philadelphia he was questioned by the past. For some time the place has been some of his officers as to where he had ! going to ruin and it will, no doubt, shortly passed the night. “Oh,” said he laughingly,ifiK be pulled down to make room for a more “we stopped last night at the jolly post.” X

.. THE OLD LAMB TAVERN. This nickname was quickly carried' to frank-; tord aud formally bestowed upon tbs oldl it was disbanded. It was under the genia / tavern. management of Thomas or “Toppy ” Side botham, who dispensed old English ale and ' - - is very likely that Washington stopped liquors from 1830 to 1839, that the house ?JL“L® “Jo1'7 Post” more than once, as in saw its most prosperous days. Daniel Faunee foundTlfe °f 1,Jac?b Hiltzheimer is to be succeeded Sidebotham as proprietor of the 19 SI sJn°ulng en,ry; “December tavern, and retained its control for many -L.J, J./tu Spent the evening at Mr. Barges years, his name being still discernible on Fronbf ®obeJt [having] beeu on a hunt at the white front. ?.™jW0r?‘ S/yS that his Excellency Gen- eial Washington was there.” Lafayette is The old-fashioned stone double mastic also said to have partaken of the hospitality house, known far aud wide as the Maupay of thts °!d hotei during the Revolutionary Mansion, on the west side of Germantown wniiam TT r??ort?d that when General U illiam Henry Harrison was making his avenue, below Allegheny avenue, has just campaign in 1836 ho also put been demolished to make room for a number of modern dwellings and stores. The man¬ zens ofiFr.,InLf0nt",'bi-

" ■ the Monmouth House until II o’clock. This morning he went in the surf, much At the New Century Club rooms last even, i against his wife’s wishes. His daughter, a lng there was a reunion of some 200 of tha ( pretty girl of 15, stood by watching her father. descendants of Isaac Collins, the Colonial 3 He got In about up to his knees, and then printer. The meeting commemorated tha ' suddenly fell over backwards in a fit, his body doubled up, showing that he was one hundred and twenty-first anniversary | suffering terrible pain. He was at once taken of the marriage of the family's ancestor, la ' on to the sand and efforts made to revive him, 1771, to Rachel Budd. of Mount Holly. but he'had swallowed so much water that death The beautiful hall was well filled, the seats Soon ensued, despite the efforts of several of honor being given to senior members of j physicians. He tried to speak to his daughter, | their lamlly, several of whom were la but failed. The body will be taken to Phila¬ Quaint Friends’ garb, while the presence of j delphia to-night. Vivian M. Shaw was a handsome man of 25. a number of children and young people la He lives in Morristown, but does business in ' their bright attire lent animation to tna New York. He came to the Allaire with his scene. Many of the family are residents of wife and four children yesterday. Three years New Jersey, others came Irons New York ago he came here on his weddi ng trip. He was a city and New England, and a large number fine swimmer and ventured out very far. Sud¬ are residents of this city. The descendants denly he cried for help. Henry Kelsey, the bather, rushed to the rescue; he got hold of of each ot the 14 children of Isaac Collins Shaw and held him up lor nearly were distinguished by different colored twenty minutes. The crowd on the knots of rinbon. Among those present wer< beach seemed paralysed. The women screamed, Frederick Collins, who presided; Proiessoj J and Mrs. Shaw went frantic. No one could Joseph P. Remington, or the College oj help the couple. Finally, Kelsey, finding him¬ Pharmacy, who acted as Secretary; Alfred self nearly exhausted, dropped his burden aud swam for the shore. He came near dying, Collins, of A. M. Collins, Son & Co., card and it washouts before he was out of danger. munulacturers; W. H. Collins, Professoral Mrs. Shaw is distracted and almost crazy. Haverford College; Theodore H. MorAs, oi - Shaw’s body was recovered at 6 P. M. opposite Morris, Wheeler & Co. ; William H. Morris, the Monmouth,where it was washed ashore. President ot tne Pottstowu Iron Company) Israel Morris, founder of the iron nouse oi A Widely-known Physician. Morris, Junes & Co. ; Morris Earle, of Wll* Hr. Cruice was one of the most prominent liains, Brown & Earle, opticians; Robert P. physicians in the Northern part of the city. Morton, of J. B. Llppineott & Co. ; Dr, He was 42 years of age last December and was Thomas G. Morton; Miss Ellen Collins, oi born in Ireland, coming to this country at an New York city; Charles M. Morton, Horace early age. He graduated with the degree of M. J. Smith, William Pearsall, Frederick D. at the University of Pennsylvania in 1865. Of late he has been in ill-health and it has been Chase, Isaac Collins, Henry H. Collins aud j his custom to join his family at Spring Lake Charles Coffins. every Saturday during the Summer. He left The exercises were opened by an address home at 3 o’clock Saturday afternoon and of welcome delivered by Frederick Collins, was in high spirits at the prospect of a alter which the marriage .. ertificates of Isaafl two days’ vacation. The first intimation and Rachael Collins, the King’s eommis* of bis death was received at 4 o’clock yesterday a memo* by his brother, Peter Cruice, druggist, corner sion as a printer to Isaac Collins, of Hancock and Dauphin Streets, in a despatch rial poem by John Coffins and other papers from Dr. S. R. Knight, of this city, saying that were read. The principal paper oi the even¬ Dr. Cruice had died suddenly. The family ing was a historical skeich of Is’aac Collins were entirely ignorant of the particulars until and his descendants, hy John Collins, read Unformed by a Press reporter last evening. by Professor Remington. The family have ! Dr. J. F. Roderer, who was left in charge of been Identified with a number of philan. Dr. Cruice’s practice, said: “It is a terrible Shock. He was a grand man. His greatest thropic enterprises in this city and NeW rirtue was his lofty senseof professional honor, Yrork. tlis practice was enormous aud he excelled in The second Isaac Collins was connected >bstetrics. His death must have come from with the leading charities in New York, aid- j apoplexy and not from drowning, as the de¬ ing largely in establishing the first saving spatch represents. His place can not be filled.” fund in this country, and being the autbol Dr. Cruice was over six feet in height, wore a I eavy black beard and was very handsome. of the retormatory system in founding ia Hi=> eldest daughter is in St. Paul, Minn., on a New York tne House of Refuge in 1824, vacation, and bis adopted son is in Michigan which was toliowed by the establishment of also on a vacation. The doctor was a prom¬ the House of Refuge in this city iu 1826. Ha inent member of St. Ed ward’s Roman Catho¬ also instituied an eye infirmary in New lic Church. When the news of his death spread York, which was some time connected with yesterday his house was besieged by hundreds anxious to find out the particulars. The fu¬ the New York City Hospital. He subse¬ neral will probably be on Wednesday. quently removed to this city in 1828, and was instrumental in suppressing the lottery sys« tern, with the assistance of United States Attorney General William M. Meredith. Isaac Collins, the ancestor of the present family, was born iu Delaware iu 1746, learned his trade of a printer in this city, formed, In 1769, a partnership with Joseph Cruk* shank, and a year later moved to Burling, ton, N. J.,where be was appointed‘*Printer fffcuA to the King” lor the Province. Prior to aud duridgthe Revolutionary War he printed the continental paper money for the Prov* luce ot New Jersey. In 1777 he printed tha COLLINS FAMILY LgffiON. first number of the New Jersey State Gazette, j an opponent to the Royal Gazette, of New jYork. In 1778 he removed to Trenton and DESCENDANTS, ,0F THE . COLONIAL published the New Jersey State Gazette lor 28 years, the publication be* PRINTER MEET. lng regarded by William Livingstone, lone oi the Governors of the State, “as con. tainlng the most reliable news ol the Revo¬ Interesting Papers Read, and Many Relics lutionary war.” The Collins Press was re- Of Historical Interest Exhibited—Inter, eating Reminiscences Exchanged. moved by Its proprietor to New York in ueiphia, as not even a skilled architect -- 171)8, but in DOS Isuac Collins returned ta even imagine, from a close external examination, Burlington, dying there on March 21st, 1817. that it has so many and extensive departments, This colonial printer was noted as the all of which are kept askbright as the proverbial printer ot the first quarto Bible published In new pin, and thanks to the tireless exertions of “The Governors” and the great America, the edition numbering 5000 copies. One of the most interesting portions of last PERFECTION OP MODERN PLUMBING night’s reuulon was lire exhibition of a and gas fitting, as healthful and pure as science number of laruily relics. These included and money can make them. specimens of the curious Continental money Tn this connection it may not be inopportune printed by Isaac Collins; a picture of his to remark that owing to the very wise precau¬ printing shop on High street, near Pearl, tion of putting the bath and retiring rooms in Burlington; the lock of the shop door, con¬ separate buildings, apart from, but connected taining the letters “H. R. H.,” signliying with the hospital, with an abundance of win¬ the proprietor’s office under King George dows in the same, as well as in the oorridors, III; the original Royal Commission as a which connect them wiih the hospital, through printer, dated 1770; Isaac Collins’s privat« which wholesale ventilation is easily secured, to¬ gether with the special importance placed on copy of his edition of the Bible, witn family good ventilation in the entire hospital, and the records, and also a quantity of silverware, Untiring attention to duty of the tidy and neat fabrics and other heirlooms. Upon th< purses who wait on the patients, etc., etc., form stage was a portrait of Isaac Collins, painted a combination of facts to whicn may be justly I by Jarvis in 1805, and of Margaret Morris attribu ted the absence of that heavy, if not sick- i Collins, and her daughter, painted by Eioh« ening, atmosphere which seems to be insepar- {.ble from all hospitals, even the very best of holtz, in 1831. hem. At the conclusion of the exercises a colla¬ The absence of this heavy diseased atmos¬ tion was served. To-day a number of tha phere, at the Gynecean Hospital, which seems family will leave on & specially chartered to be not only the natural but inevitable oon- steamer, the Riverside, and spend a day on a Oomitant of a conglomeration of all kinds of trip up the Delaware river, visiting diseases, was specially noticeable by the writer, Cramps’, the Richmond coal wharves and which should not be surprising, when it is stated that in this respect it stands alone, and solitary points of interest to the family in Burling, in his experience, among the abodes of sickness. ton, New Jersey. The records of the re¬ Perhaps a further explanation of this matter union, historical sketches and reminis¬ may be found in the fact that the hospital is ex¬ cences will be published in book form, tha clusively for the treatment of diseases peculiar matter being in the hands of a committee ot to women, womb troubles and tumors being two appointed as the result of resolutions ft specialty. Thus a multiplicity of diseases can- pot congregate as in general hospitals, and this passed last night, may help to account for the absence of this heavy atmosphere, and taken in conjunction With the 4UW, EXCELLENT SANITARY CONDITIONS, and the devotion to duty of the Chief Nurse and (Pa-^ ter assistants, it certainly does fully account for the absence of this diseased, and the prevalence I of a healthy and pure atmosphere whioh makes the hospital more like a magnificent, well-kept Private home, thus fully establishing the advan- ( ages and desirability of special hospitals for : special diseases. This fact has been forcibly demonstrated by the success of the Gynecean Hospital which, though having several prece- ! GTNECEAN OR dents in different parts of the country, is the m only one of its kind in the State of Pennsylvania. It is intended for the poor and needy only, 1 as the Gynecean Hospital is, “indeed and in WOMAN'S HOSPITAL. truth,” a ‘'oharity institution,” and its doors will not be opened to any one who can pay while a peedy applicant await* treatment. But if, as is An Interesting Description of sometimes the case, there are some unocoupied beds, persons who can pay and who would not One of Plnladelphia’s Ex¬ accept treatment otherwise, and who prefer the convenient and happy surroundings of the hos¬ pital to their own homes, are accented, and are cellent Charities. allowed to pay whatever they feel like paying, or whatever their means will permit, which could not get the commonest medical attend¬ ance at their own homes, to say nothing of FOB WOMEN ONLY medicine, board, attendance," etc. They con¬ sider it as it certainly is, a "boon” to be allowed the privilege of entering and enjoying the kind A Splendid Nurse School Where and skillful treatment of these trained and dis¬ ciplined nurses, to say nothing of the excep¬ the Best Training is to tional skill of medical specialists with a national reputation. Be Had. In order to emphasize the Importance of this treatment, to those who can pay, and to suggest to the charitable a most deserving New Year’s The old and very wise adage, “Never judge a ■work, one which will make them feel happy the balance of the year if not for the balance of their book by the cover,” hag a noticeable if not very lives, if they can lend a helping hand I would striking illustration in. the “Gyncean (or Wo¬ State that in the front building there are man’s) Hospital,” at 2ii North Eighteenth street, SEVEN VACANT ROOMS go much so that visitors will take their departure unfurnished, and hence unoccupied! This 19 from this building fully convinced that it is the result of scarcity of funds. If these rooms very unwise to judge either of the capacity, or were furnished they could be occupied by the neatness and regularity prevailing, through¬ out every department, of some hospitals by ad¬ patients who would feel glad of the privilege of miring them from the outside. paying for the same, which would be a large This is especially true of the (Jynecean Hos¬ Source of revenue to the hospital, and thus pre¬ pital, and, perhaps, none more so of any in Phila-, vent to a certain extent the painful duty of be¬ ing all the time taxing the generosity of friends / ftnd donors. Jtlere indeed la a most wise and THE HOSPITAL Ceueflcient means of helping this hospital, l>y enabling it to help itself, which is by all means Is fortunate in possessing the valuable services of the most pleasant way to receive and the wisest ft chief nurse who brings to her duties natural , way to dispense charity. good judgment and a fund of practical experi¬ Before taking my readers through this exten¬ ence. She graduated with honor at the nurse , sive and valuable institution, in spirit—all of whom are invited to do so in oropria personas— training school of the Pennsylvania Hospital permit me to introduce them to the well- tvhere she did duty, af er graduation, for 18 known and highly respected Board of Governors, months as chief nurse of the men’s surgical the equally well-known and respected physicians ward, from where'she came to fill her present and the other officers, all of whom are well Sosition little over one year ago, she having chosen. onned official harae/.v at the Gynecean In this manner I will somewhat prepare my readers for the many surprises which I have al¬ Hospital December 18, 1890, and has sinoe given ready experienced, and they will be much sur¬ ample testimony of her fitness for the position. prised that these gentlemen have accomplished Recently Mr. Ostrom, instructor of mas¬ *uch great things. sage at the Polyclinio College, where he has been a great success for a number of years past, BOARD OF GOVERNORS. has been giving lectures on massage three times Alexander Biddle, J. Sergeant Price, R. A. E. per week to the nurse-class at the Gyneoean Hospital, with deolded advantage to tne class, Penrose, M. D., William Hunt, M. D., and Ed¬ and great benefit to the patients and credit to ward H. Trotter. himself. As everyone must know, massage is The officers arei President, Alexander Biddle; fast becoming a very important factor in the Secretary and Treasurer, Edward H. Trotter; treatment of oertain if not all kinds of dis¬ eases, and as the nurses are not generally kept in the attending surgeons are Chas. B. Penrose, M. the hospital after graduation, they are liable to D., J. M. Baldy, M. !>.; the out-patient surgeons be called upon to tend to all kinds of patients are W. D. Green, M. D., J. B Shobor, M. D., A. with all kinds of diseases at any time, and hence C. Wood, M. !>.. Norton Downs, M. D.; the the wisdom and generosity of the governors of pathologist is Morris Longstreth, M. D,; the con¬ this hospital in putting massage on their nurse¬ sulting surgeon is D. Hayes Agnew, M. D.; the training programme. ! consulting physician is J. M. Da Costa, M. D.; THE NURSE-SCHOOL, I the chief nurse is Miss M. A. Knabb, and Mr. Joseub A. Cassidy is clerk. already mentioned, is immediately back of Miss The first three of the above named Governors Knabb’s room. In front of both is an intersect¬ were among the original incorporators. The ing hallway, on the left of which is the pretty two last superseded Mr. Blake Tyler and Tiros. Wister, M. D., who were among the incorpora¬ and well-kept office, off whioh is the bath and tors and governors for the first year. retiring rooms, both of whioh are separate, in The Gynecean Hospital, which has 48 feet one of the separate buildings already mentioned, frontage on Eighteenth street, extends from the and termed stacks. The first stack is ten feet atter to Autumn street, in the rear a distance of from the main building, and though con¬ labout 160 feet. It is a four-story build ng with a nected with it, is so constructed that not I spacious basement. The latter is devoted to a puff of air can go from one to the other, while store-rooms, engine and boiler rooms, etc. It is the “stack" is traversed with the purest oxygen1 adorned with a rich brown stone front. A large which has free access on all sides, it being unin¬ brass plate on the front door proclaims the cumbered by connections of any sort,. except name and object of the hospital. The entrance where it connects with the main building. On is reached bv a flight of rich brown stone steps I the first floor of this first stack are speoial bath While an electric bell announces your arrival and 1 and retiring rooms for the nurses, whioh certainly I brings to your service a courteous waiter, who are models of their kind. The bath-tubs are por¬ admits you into a hall, 6x70 feet, in the rear of celain, and unusually large, with a marble which is a stairs leading to the patients wards. foundation. At the head of each bath-tub Seventy feet is the rear extent of the front is a large porcelain hopper with flush rim, the building, which is the only one that is latest and most improved of its kind in exist¬ ence. There is only one other of this descrip¬ FOUR STORIES HIGH, tion in Philadelphia. There are two windows in dll the new buildings, which have been just com¬ the bath-room and one in the retiring room, while four ventilate the corridor, which is about pleted, being only three stories, the same height four feet wide, and connects the “stack” with the as the rear or middle building, of the original hospital, while corridor, retiring room, and bath purchase. room are profusely furnished with coils of The first floor of the main or front build- steam pipe, whioh in Winter regulate the tem¬ I ing (which, by the way, is to be superseded by a perature and keep the patients as comfortable, when using these rooms as if they were in bed, handsome structure as soon as circumstances will thus preventing permit) Is devoted to the executive department, THE DANGEROUS EFFECTS i together with the nurse-training school, which bocupies two large rooms, one of which fronts of sudden changes of temperature, which some¬ on Logan Square. The first floor of the middle times result so disastrously to patients, both in building is devoted to the dining-room and hospitals and out of them. As the “staoks” are-- kitchen, while the second and third floors are occupied by the patients' wards, the laundry the same height as the other buildings, each floor and clinics, or out-patients’ department, operat has the same accommodations in the shape of jug-rooms, etc., being in the new extension facing bath and retiring rooms we have just described on Autumn street. on the first. | Immediately to the right, as we enter the hall, The kitchen and dining room on the first floor is the pretty and commodious room, about 16x16 of the middle building are commodious and con¬ feet, of the chief nurse. Miss M. A. Knabb. It venient. In a word, like all the other depart¬ 1b very lightsome, having two large windows, ments, they are models of neatness. affording ample views of Logan Square, and In the kitchen is a large double range, on which tastefully decorated, not the least admirable all the cooking is done. Adjoining the dining being a good supply of well-selected books. room is a large pantry from which a food eleva¬ There are at present five nurses in training. tor ascends to the second and third stories. The The term of probation is one year, and, though whole hospital, the old buildings, as well as the Ihey are capable of doing first-class work after new, is profusely lighted by gas. The walls are hat time, it is in contemplation to make the painted, so that tho hose can be turned on them erm two years instead of one, as the nature and (which it is) with the same ease and regularity, mportanee of the work is such that *‘thorough as on the floors. iompetence” is an Indispensable qualification; We now come to the out-patient dejrartment, ftnd experience has proved that, while some are which is in the new addition at the rear. This is, tnore than competent to do the duties required perhaps, the most important feature of this very in one year, others are scarcely competent useful and important hospital, as, like the patient enough, and as one mistake, whioh has yet to department, everything as free. Not only are occur, would be fatal to both nurse-sohool and the advice, counsel andprescriptions of the ¬ hospital; henoe the wisdom, if not necessity, ot nent physicians, who give their services to the making the probationary term two years, hospital without fee or reward, but even the I medicine is given gratis. Therefore, it oannot be t surprising if there should be an occasional short¬ This certainly speaks volumes for The manage¬ age of funds, and a consequent application to ment and value of this hospital, and leads us to the charitable. ask: What will it not accomplish in twenty The out-patient department is entered from years? Autumn street, whioh connects with Vine We will now return to the out-patient depart¬ street on the right and Winter street on the ment and after a few minutes’ pleasant walk left, thus making aocess to the clinics from Vine around the block, we enter from Autumn street or .Seventeenth streets easy and convenient. — it can also be entered from the front, but not by the general publio. After entering the pretty THE PRETTY BRICK BUILDING hall, a slight turn to the left brings us into the in which the out-patient department is domicil¬ large and comfortable waiting room, 18 by 18 feet, centrally located between two clinic rooms ed is 40x45 feet, and three stories high, which, and immediately over the boiler room, which a together with the adjoining building for laundry, dmirably heats this department, even without etc., the two new stacks, and the alterations, the steam heat, which is profusely supplied etc., in the two old buildings and the purchase through all the buildings. Jof the same, cost $45,000, which is very cheap THE FRONT CLINIC ROOM when we take Into consideration what has been done and the creditab.e.iasting manner in which is about 12x18 feet, and faces on Autumn street, it has been executed The sum seems large, but with three large windows. The rear olinic is it would be much greater only for the strict only slightly smaller, but is just as comfortable, economy practiced, as they claim that nothing and convenient. A step or two brings the but what was "absolutely essential” lias been done. They also claim that ‘‘it is now the most patients into either from the waiting r. complete and admirable institution for its These clinics, which are open every specific purposes in the world”-and this only except .'Sunday, are attended to by after an existence of a little over three years, W. 1). Green, A. C. Wood, J. B. s>i and only $7000 in debt. and Norton Downs, each doing duty months in succession. the second floor we find a suite of four for about three years, when lack of accommoda¬ sms, ingeniously connecting with each other, tions necessitated another move, for which they the middle building is a large patients’ ward. were preparing for some time, and on May 10th, Next to that, and, of course, connecting, is 1891, they moved to their present location, which the nurse’s sitting room, containing medicine could not be better chosen, as besides the attrac¬ closets and the necessary implements and appli¬ tions of Logan Square it makes the surroundirigs ances, ready for use in any emergency. Next is very healthful. It is safe to presume that the etherizing room, and facing on Autumn I they have now made their last move, and street is a tine operating room, 12x18 feet, light¬ though they tell us that “Three moves are some and most convenient. I equal to one “burn out,” Few who go through On the third floor is another largo ward, another the buildings above described will believe that operating room, a nurse and etherizing room. it is applicable to the Gynecean Hospital, It is, in met, an exact counterpart of the second- thanks to the generosity of good friends and an floor. . appropriation from the State. A friend, Miss The walls of the operating rooms are porcelain Ella Phillips, by bequest gave $5,000. tiles, and the window-sills are marble. A staok similar to the one described attached THE ORIGINAL CORPORATORS: to the main building, and for the same purpose, Messrs. Alexander Biddle, J. S. Price, H. B. bath and retiring room is attached to this building the same in every particular, except that the cor¬ Tyler, and Doctors R. A. F. Penrose, Thomas ridor, which oonneots it with the new addition, I Wister, gave as a “starter,” about $100 each. . is eighteen feet, while in the front it is only ten How much they have given since, God ouly feet. Every floor has its own bath and letiring j knows, as it is doubtful they do. However, in rooms, or rather every floor has two bath rooms j the first annual report we And these same names and two retiring rooms, making six in all; one at credited with donations varying from $50 to $500, each end, separated by about one hundred feet, Mr. Alexander Biddle being credited with the as though there are four buildings, they are all five hundred dollars; Miss Christine Biddle, $50; united, so as to seem under one roof, which is of Dr. R. A. F. Penrose, $100; Dr. C. B. Penrose; $125; Geo. F. Tyler, $100; Mrs. E. F. Wister, 8100, fine slate. , . . . . The engine and boiler room i3 in the basement Mrs. S. C. Savage, $100; Mrs. Mary Diston, $100; of the new addition. The engine is a i Mrs. Lucy H. Shober, $105; A. J. Drexel, $5h, which together with the amounts ranging from TWltVS-HORSB POWER five to fifty dollars, of the following donators manufactured by Thompson Bros., Philadelphia. made a total of $2,300. Other contributors are: Mrs. H. J. Biddle, J. The boiler is twenty-horse power, manufactured Sergeant Price, David Pepper Mrs. Moncure by the same company, for which a Worthington Robinson, Jr., Mrs. Charles Bone, Mrs. T. H. pump supplies water. To the left of the engine Powers, Mrs. S. C. Savage, Charles Dissell, Mrs. room is a large ooal bin capable of holding from C H M., Jacob L. Smith, Whitall, Tatem & Co., 12 to 15 tons of coal, of which they^burn about M Carey Lea, Clias. Smith, Geo. W. Rexsamer, 21 tons per month. There is a large exhaust fan, Alfred C. Harrison, E. W. Clark & Co., Miss run by a three-horse power engine for Amelia H. Priestman, Elizabeth H. Farnum, A. furnishing steam heat to the building in Hecksher, Charles Platt, R. P. McCullough, Winter, and ventilation in the Summer, Mr. Richard W. Davids, Mrs. Alau S. Hartshone, Geo. High is the engineer. He hag three years Charles E. Heed, George A. Singerly, Mrs. Anna experience as such, and has filled his present Rhodes, Burnham, Parry, Williams & Co. J. R. position since last August. Ritter. jVIrs. A. E. Harvey, Dr. T. Biddle, H. W. All the water used, for operating purposes &c., Edwards, John F, Smith, Francis S. Keese, Mrs. is distilled from the boilers. This is their own E. V. Graham, Mrs. W. N. Wilbur and Emmons innovation and saves $20 per month to the hos¬ T. Mockridge. pital, as only the best and purest water can be THE CONTRIBUTORS used, they had formerly to buy it from the drug- found in the second annual report are: Crow- gists. The 12 horse-power engine is for running the I ford Arnold, Mrs. Wm. Austin, Mrs. George machinery in the laundry, which is in a separate C. Boldt, Mrs. Mary Bayard, Miss M. K. Baker, building immediately to the right. The laundry Mr. Louis Bergdoll, Mrs. Rev. H. G. Bat- Is In the basement and connected with the boiler- terson, Mrs. C. L. Borie, Beauveau Borie, Mrs. room in the new addition. In the laundry we James C. Booth, L. W. B., Miss Mary Louisa find .one large washer, one wringer, and in th e Baldwin. Alfred G. Baker, Mrs. C. Bostwick, ironing-room, on first floor, alarge mangier, which Mrs Wm. Oanby Biddle, Mr*. E. J. Bartol, Miss Irons everything without starch. There is also A E. Biddle, Geo. B. Bonnell. Mrs. Virginia inbasement,alarge drying-room. In the second Bliss, Alexander Biddle. Burnham, Parry, Wil- and third floors of this building are the sleeping lliams & Co., Miss Christine Biddle, Miss Mary H. apartments, for the servants and engineer. They Brown, Miss Rebecca Coxe, A. Boyd Cummings, give employment to four women and two engi¬ [Mrs. John E. Cope, Mrs. S. W. Colton, E.igar neers, one for night work and one for day. Cope, Edward Cope, H. B. C., Mrs. C. II. Cramp,' During the first year of the hospital’s existence Mrs. S. Z. Curtis, E. W. Clark & Co., M. C. Cope, as an organized “factotum” sixty-tiiree women Miss Ethel Oonderman, R. Cresswell, Miss Clark, suffering from abscess of internal organs were Miss J. B. Clark, Miss Mary M. Cohen, A. J, operated on. , ... Drexel, Chas. Dissel,Mrs. John Drew, Mrs. J. R. Ten of them were dying of general peritonitis. Drexel, Rev. A. L. Elwyn, Miss M. E. Evans, The others had been vainly seeking Mrs. Bryant Ferguson, Mrs. J. R. Faushawe, Mrs._p_ C. J. Field,, S. Wilson Fisher. Mrs.Mrs Eliza¬RHm, RELIEF AT DISPENSARIES beth H. Farnum, Mrs. John R. Fell, Mrs. Aaron throughout the city, unfitted for any work, often Fries, Mrs. C. A. Flournoy, Phineas Fries, Miss ' unable even to stand erect. Of these sixty-three E. F. Gordon, Mrs. Z. Gemmill, Henry C. Gib¬ son, Mrs. C. A. Griscom, Miss Rebecca Gibson, women, sixty-one were cured by the removal of Victor Guillou, Mrs. Wharton Griffiths, Freder¬ the cause of'their suffering. . ick Graff, Miss Henrietta Graff, Alfred C. Harri¬ A large proportion of the maladies which the son. Henry H. Houston, Frank Hazeltiue, BeiD- Gynecean Hospital is designed to treat are of ail jainine Homer, Win. H. Hart, Jr., P. C. Hollis, internal and obscure kind. The knowledge of Rev. G. Emlen Hare, Miss J. R. Haines, Mrs. T. these affections, the danger attending them and Charlton Henry, Thomas Hockley, Mrs. Allans. the means of cure have been only recently Hartshorne, Mrs. Alex. E. Harvey, A. Heck- brought to light by the advances in modern sur¬ scher, Mrs. Hon. W. B. Hanna, Mrs Edward B. gery. As before stated, these important aids to Jacobs, Washington Jones, Jessup & Moore Pa¬ success can be found only in a hospital especially per Co., Allison J. Janney William W. Justice, appointed for the treatment of this class of John S. Tenks, Theodore Kitchen, Prof. E. Otis diseases Kendall, Alfred J. Kay, Miss Susan Long-, Out of one hundred and twenty-five operations stretli, Mr. Saunders Lewis, Mrs. E. A, Lewis, I for internal complaints, so aocurate was the Mrs Helen G. Le Conte, Miss Mary Lewis. judgement and knowledge of the diseased condi- Dr F W. Lewis, Samuel G. Lewis, Samuel N, I tion, that not even one was done, the necessity Lewis, Mrs. James R. Ludlow, R. C. McMutrie. 1 of which was not fully proved by the result. George D. McCreary, R. P. McOullagh, T. B. ; The hospital commenced its existence at 1680 I Cherry street on the 14th day of May, 1887, I but before the end of one year was reached the "Infant giant” needed larger quarters and moved to Eighteenth and Hamilton streets, on April Mrs. Dr. T. 8. K. Morton, Mrs. Efiie M. Norris, 6th, 1888, where the good work was carried on Sarah Norris, H. D. Newbold, Charles Norris., The contributors to building fund are; MIm Robert C. Ogden, Mrs. Clement pital. j. J. Haggbrit,

There are few young men in our | cIsKmTor^lcaaTilg TUFgaTffuitTSoyr- [country who are more worthy of pub the Pennsylvania Reserves into the live notice than Gen. Wi liana McCand- hottest of the fight at the Wilderness, jess, of Philadelphia. Sprung from a 'or down the slope of the “round top” I stock whose good name has never been at Gettysburg, fearless and undaunted ; Btarnished by an ignoble deed, bred to engaged is whichever of these oocupa- ■ industry, a son of toil and yet a gen tions, he has always been a man, the ] tleman in every sense of the word, and, 1 peer of any in the country in the same whether in the machine shop earning ! sphere. his bread by the sweat of his face, He isstill a young man, yet he has happy in the esteem and confidence oi long since earned an honored name. his associates and employers ; grasping | In the annals of the late war his gal- the throttle of his engine to guide it | Ian try is the subject of extended en I with its precious weight of living, enmitun by the diff rent historians. trusting freight, in safety through it- We have before us Sypher’s History • ; incident dangers ; raising the voice of of the Pennsylvania Reserves, and ‘to advice or warning in the halls of Bites’ History of Pennsylvania Vol¬ state; pleading a client’s cause with unteers, from which we gather the & V; concentered eloquence and minute pre subject matter for the portions of this

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It 9V. ,'tcii which relate to bis military ca ’MeCanduss was captured, but in the H confusion that ensued he e.udcd his Gun. McCandless is a Pliiladelpliian, ■ captors and made his escape through by birth, education and affinity. He J the dense forests, and arrived safely was born in that city on the 291! 1 day I. , J in camp at Spottsy 1 vani-t Court House. of September, 1834, and received a Whilst leading his Brigade in a I good English education. Immediatly charge on Sunday evening, he was | on leaving school, having been left an wounded in the arm, and disabled orphan, he entered himself an apuren from fui tiler service. He retururd t<> tice to the machinist's trade in the j; Philadelphia, and was subsequently shops of Richard .Norris’ Sons, where E: tendered a brigadier’s commission, he served the term of five years. but feeling that while the War De¬ ! Subsequently he ran a locomotive on partment acknowledged his gallantry the Pennsylvania railroad, but be¬ and bravery on the field, and well coming piqued at being retarded in knowing that Governor Curtin had line of promotion on account of his A long before favored his promotion, his| youth, (not yet having attained Ins claims were slighted, lie felt impelled, majority,) he left the road aud com the study of the law with Moses A. . Irom self-respect, to decline the honor. Dropsie, Esq , in that city. He was ; Accordingly ho remained in the piiv- admitted to the bar in 1858, and |j acy and practice of his profession. through his personal popularity and • Sypher’s History, iu speakii g of the legal aptitude, soon obtained a lucra¬ I battle of Spottsy 1 vania, says: “Col. tive practice. Three years afterwards I McCandless, who led the charge wit ft the war broke out, and lie was among j conspicuous gallantry was wounded, the first to enlist in defense of the and Col. Tally assumed command ot Union. He enrolled himself as a pri j the brigade.” vate soldier in Captain Timothy Med¬ L. A. Hendrick’s, the Hew York ley’s company, anal when the regiment 1 Ilcrald's correspondent, in speaking of was organized as the 2d Regiment, |j this battle, says: “On Monday even¬ Pennsylvania Reserves, he was elec¬ ing when tire roar of battle was sound¬ ted major. Iu October, 18G2, upon ing along the whole line, Col. the promotion of Lieutenant Colonel McCandless, who had accompanied Albert Magiltan to the colonelcy of the Reserve Corps through all its bat¬ the 4th R giment. Major McCandless tles and campaigns, was carried to the was elected and commissioned Lieu¬ rear to be sent to his home in Phila¬ tenant-Colonel, and upon the retire¬ delphia. As an officer he had won ment of Colonel William B. Mann as¬ great distinction, and was a favorite sumed command of the regiment. In with his companions in arms, who now the Peninsular campaign he command M deeply feell his departure.” ed his troops with skill, and on the file was twice wounded ; the first first of August, 1862, was promoted to time at the second battle of Bull’s the colonelcy for gallant and meritori Run. in the groin, and the second in ous conduct. At the battle of Bull ; the bloody battle of Spottsylvania Run he was severely wounded and j Court House, where his left arm was carried from the field to Washington. i broken by a cannister shot. He rej fined his regiment at Sharps- ■ Gen. McClellan, in his official report burg and participated in Burnside’s : of the battle of Mechanicsburg, com¬ campaign. In Meade’s campaign, pliments the Second Reserves very Colonel McCandless commanded the H highly, and especially Col, McCand- [ 1st Bridade of the Reserve Corps; and ■ less, .their commander. He says : ;‘As- fej sault after assault was made by the during the absence of General Craw ford in the winter of 1863 and the L enemy, and three times they succeeded I iu forcing their way through on the following spring, he commanded the left of the regiment and gaining the division. cleared ground ; but were as often On Thursday, the 5th of May, 1864, driven back at the point of the bay¬ when the 1st Bridade was cut off and onet, Col. McCandless gallantly lead- surr- unded in the Wilderness, Colonel 107

ing the charge.7’’’ ■ an eastern candidate for GovcrnorJ In speaking of the battle of Gaines’ 'I and hence he was not a candidate for Mill, Bates says: “At 3 p. in. the en 5 renomination to the Senate. In 1870 5 gage men t became so severe, that the 1 he made the tour of Europe; was in entire second lino and reserves were 1 Londorf when the war breke' out in moved forward to sustain the first line I France, and immediately stared for against repeated and desperate as 7 the scene of strife, to witness the Euro saults. Gen. Reynolds soon rode up , pcan plan of warfare. The authori¬ and ordered the Second to advance | ties, however, would not permit him through the wood, clear it of the ene I to go beyond Metz, and after remain¬ my and take up a position on its ex- H ing in Paris until the city had to as¬ treme edge. Col. McCandless know- :- sume a defensive position he returned ing that- the movement would bring i:. home, hale and hearty, to meet with J the enemy on bis right flank, asked an honest welcome from his very many friends. lie is now the unani the General’s permission to move in at h. mo us choice of his party for the ! right angles to the position assigned , honorable position of Secretary of In¬ .1 it. The General was silent for a mo £ ternal Aff urs of the old Keystone State, j ment, liis face bearing the expression 7 and with a. platform upon which he 8 of great perplexity and dissatisfaction, can consistently stand and rally when he repiie i, ‘Colonel, General ■;{ around him liis old associates m arms j Porter is fighting this battle on certain as well as his old co laborers of the I parallels, and bis order will have to be shops and railroads, with whom he has I obeyed.’ I would, remarked the Col- always kept up a friendly relationship, I enel afterward, I had not asked him and whoso interests he has scrupulous¬ dtlie question, but had taken my regi- ly labored to forward in all his walks 1 ment in by’mistake.” of life. In these associations, and those After the close of the war, and on I of the different orders to which he the organization of the Pennsylvania 1 I belongs, lies bis great personal I Reserve Corps, General McCandless ; strong;;;. He comes of the people I was elected its first vice president and is in sympathy with them, and on I (Governor Curtin being the president) : election day they will not fail to I and delivered the first address before : respond to the call of the honest citi¬ I it at Harrisburg in I860. He contin- zen and gallant soldier, I tied for several years to fill the posi- j) Whose honest claims they’ll not gainsay, 1 lion, and, as Governor Curtin was ab- Sor treat him as a stranger ; || sent from the country most of the time, They know him as his eauntryVstay, 9 he was its presiding officer. He has i In day and hour of danger. I since, however, yielded the place to ■ others cqual'y worthy of the honor, | ■ remaining one of its most highly es \jzA* j£ teemed members. In 1866 bis Demo- j 9 cratic friends of the First Senatorial Co.. (Aj . | i District brought him out for the Sen-1 Hate against Hon. Jeremiah Nichols. It ! /?/- the fanoy soldier. Yes, and oftenerjtoo, for Geary-brigade reunion, last night, by Pri¬ be wasn’t afraid of getting the shine taken vate John 1?. Duffy, of Philadelphia, to the off it. Busty outside, it soon grew bright toast, “The Private Soldier.” within when there was work to he done. “the private soldier. But those with faults to be contemned Mr. Chairman and Comrades:—'When I were the few; those to be loved and honored arise to say a word in response to a compli- the many, i wish that all who went I ment to the private sob tier,it is scarcely nee-1 forth to tlie struggle as the original Twenty- I essary for mo to disclaim any intention of eighth could be present with us to-night I detracting from the merits of tlio officers of that we might have a glorious shaking of , i our army during the recent civil war. I hands. But there are many who linger in ; may safely say that no brighter record was memory that can never again arise at tlio; j over won many war, by officers, than that sound of battle or smile at tlie sweeter I ‘ won by our officers. But It is specifically of sounds of peace, rejoicing and mirth. loui ; the private soldier that I have a tew re- know where many of them are. I ’! mar its to offer. You Know that they embraced) The private soldier wa3 the wealth of our death’s eold sleep on the fields of Antietam \ volunteer army, just as the strong arm of Chancellorsyille. Lookout Mountain, and the workimrinan. is the wealth of our popa- j ht__ luihatehie. 1'es, amt many, worn down# let,” with notes which Mr. Forrest, assisted! by exposure and wound?, wero ai owed the I by Mr. James Bees, had made on Tuesday ’ privilege of returning to homo and friends once more—alasl only to close their ey es I morning upon the criticisms of the New York and bo laid to rest in the quiet burial! papers upon his reading of that play. Colonel ground, to -‘Sleep the sleep that knows no Forney, Daniel Dougherty, and a few other waning,■” but no calmer, sounder sleep thanL that enjoyed b}- those who died on the field, trends soon came; but Mr. Forrest had po ‘•itider and horse—friend, foe—in one rod! relatives to pay him the last offices of affection burial blent.” and respect. Thus, on December 12th, 1872/ he died, as he had lived—alone. SUNDAY DISPATCH. Mr. Forrest was born in Monroe street, Philadelphia, March 9th, 1806, and was there¬ PHILADELPHIA, DECEMBER 15, 1872. fore in his sixty-seventh year. His father was Scotch and his mother American, both Scotch Presbyterians. His father was runner for the EDWIN FORREST. old United States Bank, and died in its service. Mr. Forrest, when a boy, was a clerk in the The Death of the celebrated Tragedian—Sketch store of Baker & Sons, an importing house in! of his Professional Career—The Astor-Place Race street, near Third. He gave so much! Riot and the Forrest Divorce Case—libel more attention to play-acting than to business,: Suit—Estimates of his Character as an Ac¬ that Mr. Baker used to say: “Edwin, this tor—His Shakspereian Performances—Inci¬ theatrical infatuation will be your ruin.” dents and Beminiscences. Edwin -did not think so. He appeared at the If to be famous were to be happy, then Edwin old South Street Theatre, joined a Thespian Forrest was to be envied. It cannot be said of society, and in 1817 appeared at the Apollo! his death, as it wos of Garrick’s, that “it Theatre as Lady Anne in “Douglas.” He, eclipsed the gaiety of nations”; but it startled next appeared as Young Norval at the Tivoli - not only this city, in which he was born, but Gardens. His first appearance on a regular! the whole nation. The death of such a man stage was as Young Norval, at the Walnut, ’ has the effect of a great disaster—the dethrone¬ November 27th, 1820. He was coldly re¬ ment of a king, the defeat of an army, the ceived, but held to his resolution. He then j burning of a city. The surprise and shock of went West, and had an eventful time, playing ■ the sudden death of Mr. Forrest has been felt Shakspereian tragedy—Richard, Othello—low* in every part of this country, for he had im¬ comedy, negro dandies; and finally, after | pressed his age not only by his intellectual enduring great hardships, joined a circus com¬ force, but by a strongly-marked character and pany, as rider and tumbler, at twelve dollars a ' actions which were independent of his career week. His first appearance as a “star” was upon the stage. It is certain that the death of at the Chesnut, July 5th, 1826, as Othello. In ;no other actor of our time could have com¬ 1826 he went to London, and played Spartacus manded equal attention from the world. For at Drury Lane. During this visit he married fifty years he bore his part in a personal drama Catharine Sinclair, from whom he was after¬ which had millions of spectators. It was a wards divorced. In 1845 he again visited play in which splendor and gloom, triumph London, and was hissed while playing Macbeth. and defeat, pain and pleasure, were strangely He attributed this to the intrigues of Macready. contrasted, and which became mournful as it When Macready appeared in New York, May drew near its close. Now the great tragedian 10th, 1849, in Macbeth, Mr. Forrest’s friends j who acted Death so often in jest has played that resented the insult, and the result was the tragedy in earnest, and the curtain has fallen Astor Place Opera House riot, when the upon the drama. military fired on the mob, killing a number of | Our readers are informed of the little that is persons. known of Mr. Forrest’s death. Last April he In 1855 Mr. Forrest bought a fine house at was attacked with sickness while performing an I Broad and Master streets, in this city, for | engagement in Boston; and it was evident in which he paid $33,000, and retired into private [ his public readings, since then, that his im¬ life. It was there that he died. In 1860 he \ mense physical nature was at last yielding to was prevailed upon to return to the stage, and age, and that he was rapidly declining in entered into an engagement with Mr. Nixon strength. Last Wednesday evening he seemed j for one hundred nights, receiving one-half of | as well as usual, and did not go to bed until the gross receipts. This contract, which was ] eleven o’clock. On Thursday morning his the source of great profit to the actor, was | housekeeper, finding that he did not answer as ruin to Mr. Nixon. He visited California in : usual the call to breakfast, entered his room, and May, 1866, and also made a tour in 18701 found him lying dressed upon his bed, uncon¬ through the South, playing in many places he j scious,, and with a livid streak upon his right had never visited before. temple. A doctor was instantly sent for; but Mr. Forrest’s last appearance on the stage:; before he arrived Mr. Forrest was no more. in Philadelphia was at the Walnut Street Thea¬ His necktie was on the bed beside him, and the tre, where he began an engagement of three - blow had evidently fallen suddenly upon him. weeks on October 2, 1871. He opened in King j| The surroundings indicated his mental activity Lear, and also played Richelieu, Jack Cade, Vir- —his dressing- case ;was covered with pocket ginius, Othello and Spartacus. The engagement | volumes of Shakspere; and in his library was a was one of the most successful he had ever made | of Halliwell’s edition, open at “Ham- in this city, and was a contrast to that of 1870,

A V,-. - when he played tor ten nights to comparative England:fngiana mm Ii was irepeatedly _ _ importuned, aacT the small audiences. His last performance was on most liberal offers were made to me. I finally con¬ sulted, not for my own sake—for my ambition Is ; Friday evening, October 20th, when, without satisfied with the applause of my own country¬ knowing it, he bade farewell to the Philadelphia men—but partly in compliance with the wishes of a number of American friends, and partly to stage in the character of King Lear. He after¬ solve a doubt which Is entertained by many of wards played in a few other cities; and it was our citizens whether Englishmen will receive an American actor with tne same favor which is in Boston—we think last April—that he made here extended to them. This doubt, so far as I his last appearance as an actor. But though have an opportunity of judging, is, I think, physical infirmities debarred Mr. Forrest from without foundation. During my residence In England I found among the English people the acting, (and indeed these had so far encroached most unbounded hospitality and the warmest upon him that in later years his performances aflfection for my country. With this Impression, were little more than recitations in costume,) I have resolved to present to them an American tragedy, supported by the humble efforts of thee his mind was still clear and active, and his individual who stands before you. If I fail I fail; grand voice was but slightly impaired by age. but, whatever be the result', the approbation of f that public which first stamped the native drama He therefore adopted a plan which, in our list and actor will ever be my proudest recollec- judgment, he might have properly chosen tion. years before, and made his debut as a Header. His hopes were realized; he met with great His first readings were given at the Academy success, and was enthusiastically received on of Music, on the evenings of October 15th and his return,when he played at the Park Theatre, 18th, and “Hamlet” was the play. Con¬ New York. In the season of 1844- ’45 he again trary to expectation, this enterprise was com¬ visited London, and while playing Macbelli at paratively a failure. The audiences on both I the Princess ’ Theatre was hissed. There is jio occasions were small; and yet there is avast I evidence to show that Mr. Macready hissed number of persons to whom religious scruples 1 him, and there is every reason to believe that he forbid attendance at the theatre, who were not did not; but Mr. Eorrest always accused 'tlu> strangers to Mr. Forrest’s fame, and were pre¬ English actor of the insult, and his resentment j sumably desirous to see him. That- they did afterwards bore terrible fruit. He resented the not fill the Academy is perhaps as much due to fancied wrong when Macready played Hamlet j bad management as to any decline in Mr. For¬ in Edinburgh. 'In the play scene where Hamlet rest’s popularity; and, indeed, the field seemed ! delivers the wild lines, “ Then let the stricken to be so wide and fertile that only a year or two deer go weep,” Macready, in Mr. Forrest’s ago Mr.T. B. Pugh had offered to pay Mr. For¬ | opinion, jumped about the stage like a dancing- rest $1200 a night for a series of readings under | master, flourishing a lace handkerchief, and Mr. his management. Similar non-success attended F. stood np publicly in his box and hissed him Mr. Forrest’s readings in other cities and deliberately. It had been well had the troiible towns. He appeared in Wilmington, Dela¬ ended with this undignified act; hut when Mr. ware, unsuccessfully, and afterwards in Stein¬ M acready came to New York, in 1849, he acted way Hall, Hew York, where he read “Ham¬ under the management of Mr. Niblo and James let, ” on November 19th, to about four hundred H. Hackett. Then the famous Astor Place people, and “ Othello, ” on the 22d, to an au¬ ; riot occurred on the 10th of May. Mr. Eorrest dience of no more than two hundred and fifty. ! had been hissed as Macbeth in London, and his His final appearance was on November 30th, in partisans were determined that Macready Boston. j should not niay Macbeth in New York. On These were the principal events of Mr. For¬ May., 8th they had stopped the performance, rest’s public life of over fifty years, and some and on the 10th the theatre became the scene of of them caused intense interest and excite¬ the wildest confusion. Macready was driven ment. No other actor can hope to hold the pe¬ from the stage; a riot ensued; the military were culiar position upon the stage which Forrest called out and fired upon the crowd, and held,, nor to rival him in a certain kind of popu¬ twenty-two men were killed and thirty-six larity. He was the first great actor this coun¬ wounded. At the time Mr. Eorrest was play- try had produced who aspired to the places | ing at the old Broadway Theatre, and has been which Kean and Cooke and Booth had filled, j accused of promoting and personally managing and his countrymen were proud of his genius the outbreak. We prefer not to believe this; and success. He was called ‘ ‘ the great Ameri¬ hut that his hatred of Macready was intens* can tragedian,” and his fame was national there is no question, and he often referred property. Not only the popular love of art to him with contempt. Of a celebrated actress and acting, but the patriotism of theatre-goers, whom he disliked he used to say that her face made Mr. Forrest their idol. In these days we looked as if Macready had sat down on it. It can hardly understand the feeling that existed. was his most contemptuous way of describing a When he first went professionally to London somewhat flat profile. The Astor Place riots the public considered him as a champion of show how Mr. Eorrest was regarded at the America, going forth to conquer the English time; he was the object of a hero-worship which stage, and show the English what tragic acting is now impossible. But the great chastener of could be. He played a farewell engagement at all passions—Time—tamed even the bitter hatred the old Chesnut Street Theatre before his de¬ of Forrest. Macready is now an old manui parture, and made the following speech in ex¬ eighty, living in retirement, and it is a redeem¬ planation of his purpose. The apology he ing fact that Mr. Forrest about a year ago makes for seeking laurels abroad, and the rea¬ wrote to a friend in Boston, (Mr. Creawick the son he gives, seem strange to us now: actor,) who had just returned from England, The engagement which I am about to fulfill in inquiring particularly after Mr. Macready’s London is not of my seeking. While I was in health. E'ven this inquiry, coming from him, F 4 ~ i ■ - -■ Mg' was as much as an apology would nave been severe enough upon mmse e was ’ from a man of a less unforgiving nature. made to call himself “ the Probst of the Another event, which excited England as Shakspereian drama,” and to admit that well as this country, was the celebrated For¬ he stuffed his- stage legs with sawdust. rest divorce suit. Mr. Forrest had married in The legal complaint alleged that the 1837, in England, Catharine Morton Sinclair, Dispatch had endeavored to bring him into pub¬ the daughter of John Sinclair, the vocalist. lic odium and contempt by comparing him with 1 The union was not a happy one, and Ms wife la murderer, that it had endeavored to shake was separated from him in 1849. In 1832 she confidence in his acting by representing that he sued for a divorce, and after a trial, which pro¬ deceived the public (sawdust), and (as the duced extraordinary scandal, and in which tragedian and critic had finished together a de¬ husband and wife accused each other of the canter of brandy) that it had falsely accused *’ grossest conduct, a verdict was given in favor him of habitual drunkenness. For this he of Mrs. Forrest, and the Court ordered Mr. claimed fifty thousand dollars, and, though the 2 Forrest to pay an' alimony of three thousand articles were palpably nothing but broad bur¬ dollars annually. The lady was innocent by lesques, it is possible that they were technically the verdict of the public, and now lives in New libelous. But it was not upon account of York, respected and usefully employed in these extravaganzas that Mr. Forrest sued; literature. Mr. Forrest, however, would not they were but the occasion and the pretext. submit; be used every effort to defeat the The real cause of offence was the serious criti¬ order of the Court; appealed to higher Courts, cism of Ms acting, and the arguments advanced and it was not until recently that a final ver- against his claim to be the greatest living trage¬ B diet compelled Mm to pay the full amount. dian. There is nothing libelous in saying The facts proven on the trial, and his subse- that a man cannot play Macbeth ; It is libelous I quent course in trying to evade the verdict, to declare that he stuffs his calves with saw¬ greatly damaged Mr. Forrest’s popularity as a dust, and to aver that when a pin is run into man, though they did not affect it as an actor. them the contents run out like sand from an His defeat was endured with bitter resentment, hour-glass. For the latter charge Mr. Forrest and darkened the remainder of Ms life. cared nothing—for he knew it was not credited; Accustomed only to praise, surrounded by for the assertion that his Macbeth was a failure flattery, and sensitive to blame, Mr. Forrest he did care—for he knew it was believed, and did not kindly receive the severe criticism of he grasped the chance to punish the damaging some of Ms performances in his maturity. A truth by legal proceedings based upon the celebrated series of articles on Ms acting was harmless joke. The suit, however, was never •published in the New York Tribune about twenty brought to trial, and was amicably settled by years ago, and made a sensation at the time. the lawyers of the respective parties, the Dis¬ They were written by Mr. William Stuart, sub¬ patch consenting to exonerate Mr. Forrest from sequently the manager of the Winter Garden the burlesque charges—an act of justice it would Theatre; and the authorship was for a long have done gladly in any event had there been %me unknown. Mr. Stuart was an English¬ any danger that the public would believe that man, and may have revenged the treatment of such interviews were actually held. Macready; at all events, though he did full Of the quality of Mr. Forrest’s acting justice to Mr. Forrest’s faults, he made no ac¬ strongly conflicting opinions have been formed, knowledgment of his merits, and by speaking which of late years have given place to a more | .of him as a merely muscular actor, a coarse, moderate and accurate estimate. We have re- ranting thing of sound and fury, greatly misre¬ ! fexred to Mr. Stuart’s oritioism, which was ter- presented his character as a tragedian. It ! ribly mistaken, inasmuch as it did not recog¬ .was Mr. Stuart’s usual method to first de¬ nize the intellectual ability of Mr. Forrest. scribe at length the characters of Shakspere— Judged by those descriptions he would appear as, for ins tance, the gentleness, the refinement, to be a monster of physical strength, and no¬ the ideality, the nobility of Hamlet—and then thing more. So the Tribune, in its obituary to deny that Mr. Forrest in his personation pos¬ notice, refers to him as a “vast animal, bewil¬ sessed any of these qualities. The Dispa'ch fox & dered by a little grain of genius. ” Praise long period never hesitated to sjreak candidly of equally unjust as the censure was lavished I Mr. Forrest’s errors and deficiencies, nor to sati¬ upon him by other critics; and thus his charac¬ rize his extravagant claims to greatness. Mr. ter resembled that famous shield which, sable Forrest did not patiently endure this censure, on one side and silver on the other, caused the andinlSGS made-two articles the subject ofa libel two knights to fight because they could not suit, claiming fifty thousand dollars damages, in agree upon its color. We think that, notwith¬ . the loss of popularity etc., wMeh the criticisms standing the incorrect opinions the Dispatch had caused him. The two articles were merely may have advanced, it may claim to have burlesques, evidently not intended to be ill- first promulgated and to have consistently sus¬ natured, and as such were received by the pub¬ tained that general estimate of Mr. Forrest’s lic. But Mr. Forrest chose to regard them in acting ■Which the sober judgment of the public a very different light. They consisted of imagi- has accepted. Though it was looked upon as . nary interviews between the actor and the Mr. Forrest’s opponent, it was the first journal critic, in which the performances of Mr. For¬ to refute the charge that he was a merely mus¬ rest were ironically discussed, and in which he cular tragedian, a body without brains, and to was made to agree with the censure of his per¬ assign intellect as the principal cause of his sonations, was not great success. This was the service it rendered was manly and impressive. I he passage, y an important one at that time, when “Behold, I have a weapon, ” was grandly de- I passion painted him either as god or beast. Bat livered, and the closing speech exquisitely intellect alone does not make the complete gentle. But the Othello of the third and fourth man. Mr. Forrest had a strong analytic acts was not the Othello of Shakspere. i? brain, and habits of study which enabled him to His Macbeth was a still greater failure, and was grasp the meaning of a passage in Shakspere worthy of remembrance only for isolated pas- I more firmly than any actor we have ever heard. sages of beautiful reading. It is the most im- | So far as interpretation of the sense was con¬ aginative of all tragedies, and one of the four cerned, he was the greatest reader on the stage. or five of which each always seems the greatest J He disclosed an idea with exactness, energy at the moment you are reading. Because it and fuliness, and in thi3 respect left nothing to is Shakspere’s most imaginative tragedy, the be desired. His reading was like a mathemati¬ performance of Macbeth was Mr. Forrest’s V cal demonstration. His recitation of Othello's worst. The witches he could not see, the ghost address to the Senate was a masterpiece of elo¬ of Banquo did not appall him, the horror cution. We despair of ever hearing such ma¬ of Macbeth’s remorse he could not depict. In . jestic delivery again. But, with unusual powers other characters Mr. Forrest was far more suc¬ of comparison and analysis, he was deficient in cessful. Had “Ooriolanus” been a popular • maerination—a faculty essential to the actor of tragedy, he would have made the Roman one Shakspere. Imagination is like love, and of his noblest personations ; hut, though he £ < > With the motion of ail elements Courses as swift as thought in every power, played it well, it did not attract the public. Of jE And gives to every power a double power, all his Shakspereian personations his Lear was . t Above their functions and their offices. ” the finest, and one long to be remembered ‘ <■ It adds a precious seeing to the eye, ’ ’ and, with delight. In the modern plays, such 1 wanting it, Mr. Forrest was blind to much that as “The Gladiator,” “Virginius, ” “Damon was clear to men who were his inferiors as aed Pythias,” and “Richelieu,” Mr. strong reasoners. Hence he failed completely Forrest gave more consistent and less in some of the tragedies, because he could not faulty performances, because they are by any force of logic enable himself to feel the less difficult than Shakspere; but his greatest character he assumed. This was the case with scenes were in the Shakspereian tragedies, be¬ Hamlet, which he read with wonderful accuracy, cause they afford the grandest opportunities. * but touched with a heavy hand. His physical Pathos he expressed touchingly in many cases, y appearance made any illusion impossible; but especially when his own bitter experiences had such defects are more easily overlooked than is taught him to understand the special phase of : the want of appreciation. In Othello he never grief. He had little mobility of feature, and reconciled the two great inspiring passions of not much variety of action. He was greatest the character, jealousy and love, but kept them as a leader, and through his voice his mind ■ apart, and made the love secondary; whereas achieved its victories upon the stage. His it is the controlling influence of the play. His were solemnly musical tone3, that came “ from fifth act of “ Othello ” was an utter failure, a the deep throat of sad Melpomene, ” as in the barren commonplace, up to the entrance of “ farewell” of Othello and last words of Vir- Emilia after the murder. Being unable to ex¬ ginius to his child. The fault of his reading . press the proper emotion, Mr. Forrest simu¬ was its mannerism; he developed its virtues £ lated an unnatural calmness. He tried to show sometimes to an excess, and used his voice too restrained passion, but only succeeded in ex¬ much as if it were a n^usical instrument. His hibiting the restraint. Mr. William W. Story,in emphasis was occasionally too elaborate, and V his “ Roba di Roma, ” describes the acting of the way he uttered Hamlet’s first words, “A an Italian actor, Salvini, in this scene: “In little more than kin and less than kind,” the last interview with Desdemona, ” he says, showed at the very beginning his misconcep¬ “Salvini is wonderful. Like a tiger weaving tion of the character. across his cage, he ranges to and fro along the Mr. Forrest was generally regarded as a cold, furthest limits of the stage, now stealing away selfish man, and some of his actions justify the from her with long strides and avoiding her ap¬ opinion. He lived a lonely life in the main, proaches, and now turning fiercely round upon yet he had a few staunch and life-long friends. her and rolling his black eyes, by turns agi¬ Those who knew him well always spoke of him tated by irresolution, touched by tenderness, as a delightful companion, and one who did or goading himself into rage, until, at last, like many acts ofkindness. He was proud of his a storm, he seizes her and bears her away success, and ascribed it solely to his own genius to her death.After the deed and labor. This led him to do injustice to his j has been accomplished, what can exceed first teacher, whose instructions prepared him , the horror of his ghastly face as he for the stage, and who explained to him prin¬ ks out between the curtains he gathers ciples of reading to which he adhered to the t ibout him when he hears Emilia’s knock—or last. We refer to the late Lemuel G. White, ' e anguish and remorse of that wild, terrible who died recently, at the age of eighty, and V, |ry as he leans over her dead body after he was neglected by Forrest in his old age of po- jEE nows her innocence—or the savage rage of verty and sorrow. Mr. White was an impul¬ rat sudden scream with which he leaps upon sive, candid man, and claimed Forrest as hisH igo?.” Of anything approaching to sucbemo- greatest pupil—an interference which Forrest \ on Mr. Forrest was incapable in Othello; but would not forgive. He could not brook to be " hen the Moor resumes his self-control, indebted to any one for his success—not even to aving resolved upon death, then Mr. Forrest L V a perpetual theatre ; that he had made over to teacher of his ambitions, uncultivated boy¬ Corporation of Philadelphia sixty acres of grdunc hood. Mr. White often told us of his first ex¬ within the limits of that city for the benefit o decayed and disabled actors and actresses; tha perience with Forrest, who attempted to recite this perpetual school of art should be maintafnec for him an old prologue. The boy was full of for the education of the American people ir confidence and started at a high, unnatural eloiution, and that the ground in question was free from all claims, debts and mortgages. Mr. hey, going straight ahead like an engine, and Forest showed Mr. Lester the will, explained waving his arms unmeaningly in cadence: the conditions of it, and stated that there should be a few millions of dollars set apart for the sup- ■ “Hold! prompter, hold! a truce unto your non- jg pt rt of the institution which he intended to en¬ sense! dow. Mr. Forrest further declared that he .hud I ’ll speak a word or two to ease my conscience, been thinking of this project for a long time, and Sfe While from below the trap-door demons rise. ’ ’ had been making provision for it for more than “Demons, not demons!” Mr. White would thirty-five years; that he had chosen proper trus¬ tees for the execution of the will; that the Idea if. shout. Before he appeared as Douglas he had was not a new thing with him, but an old love carefully studied the part with Mr. White. of bis life ; that there should be in America a home for those who had retired from the stage We always thought his indifference to his old after having honored the profession. Mr. For¬ preceptor unworthy of Mr. Forrest, who rest ’s desire was that the institution should be so amply endowed that there could be no ques¬ should have had magnanimity enough to- have tion before the courts about the title, nor by any¬ : conceded so slight a claim. Undoubtedly Mr. body in reference to the motive that prompted this life-long feeling of our great actor. * Forrest, like all eminent men, owed his success • principally to his own abilities and perseve- I A meeting of the members of the theatrical profession was held on the stage of the Walnut , ranee. As at one time Mr. Forrest abandoned the Street Theatre, where, fifty-two years ago, stage for the circus, so in- later years he thought Forrest first won public admiration. Resolu¬ of entering political life. He sought a seat in tions were passed expressive of admiration and Congress at the hands of the Democratic party, , respect, and of regret for the irreparable loss but failed, and afterwards had the good sense | the stage has suffered in his death. ' to content himself with his profession. He A biography of Mr. Forrest should be written delivered a Fourth of July oration in New | by some one of his friends. Colonel Forney has York in 1838, which was superior to the ave¬ shown, in his “ Reminiscencesof Great Men, rage of such efforts. He was not a religious special fitness for this task, and would, as biographer, have the advantage of an intimacy man. but a believer in Providence. He was fond of literature and art, and his great wealth of thirty-two years. There are many anecdotes | enabled him to fill his house in Broad street of Forrest extant. As matters of interest^ we with valuable paintings and a splendid li¬ append to this sketch a few incidents and tet¬ brary, which is rich in Shaksperiana and con¬ ters, for some of which we are indebted to tains much of Burton’s collection. His funeral Horace W. Smith, Jr., Esq., who has a collec¬ will be private, as he desired, and will take tion of print- and manuscript relative to the place on Monday at twelve o ’clock, the inter¬ great tragedian: ment to be in the family vault at St. Paul’s A SUGGESTION. u church, Third street, below Walnut, where To .the Editors of the Dispatch:—In 1821 or 1822, when “Master Forrest’’ was performing his mother and two of his sisters are buried. at the Tivoli Garden Theatre, a num¬ In regard to the will of the deceased trage¬ ber of communications respecting him appeared in the columns of the Saturday dian, a caveat has been filed by Mr. Dougherty, Evening Post, some of the writers maintaining attorney for Mr. Forrest, in the office of the that he was a good actor, and others supporting a Register of Wills, restraining him from taking contrary opinion. It would be interesting at this time to hunt up these criticisms and republish any action relative to the estate of the late some of them. Edwin Forrest. The object of this, so it is FORREST. said, is merely to prevent any action until the BY BICHARD I-ENS SMITH. Let no one question his transcendant art; regularly attested will of the deceased is pre¬ The tragic muse to him should yield the throne sented for probate. It is understood that the Who to Bird’s muse new beauties can impart, divorced wife of the deceased tragedian has a And cast a veil e’ en o’ er the faults of stone. claim to her dower, and will no doubt present FORREST TO MADAME PONXSI. the same and press it strongly. When di¬ Puu.ADEl.rHiA, June 16, 18G4. Dear Madame Ponisi:—I hear it is your inten¬ vorced there was an alimony allowed of three tion to abandon the New York stage—so long the thousand dollars per year, which she will now scene of j our many triumphs—to become a ‘ ‘ wan¬ dering star ’ ’ in the theatrical firmanent. I am cease to obtain. It is stated that in all real- very sorry for it, although it is quite possible, by estate transactions, in way of sales made by such a course, you may be the winner of larger pecuniary gains; but the New Yprk audiences Mr. Forrest, a reservation always had to be must sustain an irreparable loss by the absence made relative to the wife’s interest. The value of one so thoroughly skilled in her art that her of the estate is variously estimated, but no Lady Macbeth has now no equal on the stage. Edwin Forrest. definite figures can be given at present. The Evening Bulletin of yesterday says: A SATISFACTORY EXCUSE. Mr. Forrest was once playing in Richmond, Va., Mr. C. Edwards Lester, a New York actor, a when oneof the minor actors annoyed him terribly friend of Mr. Forrest, states that on the morning by persisting in reading his few lines in ‘ ‘ Rlohe- of the day when the latter read Othello in New lieu’ ’ incorrectly. Forrest showed him several York, he requested him (fester) to call on him, limes now to do it, but to no purpose, and then and in the conversation which took place Mr. commenced abusiDg him. “Look here, Mr. Forrest told him what arrangement he had made Forrest,’ ’finally said the poor fellow,.in sheer for the final disposition of his estate and effects. despair, “ if I could read it in that way I wouidn’t Mr. Forrest, according to the averment of Mr. be getting six dollars a week here. ” Forrest said Lester, then stated that he had left all he was only: “ You are right; I oughtnot to expect much possessed of in the world, even to his library and for that sum, ’’and left him alone, but on the his wardrobe, for an actor’s home as a lyceum of conclusion-of the engagement sent him a. ct)eck ■t. which should be sustained in Philadelphia as

•i-S.

■ ifitoi totlbr forty dollars, with a recommendation to act I Quaker cumihous^ua^^^dom^Jicl^^Tf!^ ip to the worth of that. principal building-in 1841. The City almshouse, Ini * south of Spruce street, between Third ami Fourth, rJ ME, FOBEEST MEETS HIS MATCH, j might answer this description as well as the Quaker j. To use a slang word, he was extremely apt to j institution. Christ Church was more “ distant ” j! ‘bully’’ all In the theatre, from the manager j front the City almshouse than from that of the Qua- :own. But he once met his match. It was when l kers ; and the ‘ * Psalms sung by the Swedes at Wi- leC wasnao playing olat the vrwold uiuttumvjBroadway Theatre,xuottiiojuotu near caco” would be more likely to be heard at Third ryy earl street. His pieces were followed by an ex- and. Union streets, in those days, than at Third and f ] dbition of lions by their tamer, a certain Herr H alnut streets, which was not, when the French “ Oriesbach. Forrest was one day saying that he •neutrals were sent to Pennsylvania, (in 1755- ’5G,) in N lad never been afraid in all his life—could not "the suburbs,” in “the midst of meadows and I magine the emotion. Driesbach made no re¬ woodlands, " bul in a well-built und fashionable H mark at the time, but in the evening, when the I 'part of the town. Tl’e make these remarks not hav- f urtain had fallen, invited Forrest home with ing the poem before us, bul from the extracts pre- > lim. Forrest assented, and the two, entering a j senlecl. 1 I muse, walked a long distance, through many levious passages, all dark, until finally Dries- PTiptop. — “ The Master of the Rolls ’ ’ was an oni¬ >ach, opening a door, said: “This way, Mr. cer in Pennsylvania under the provincial govern- ■’orrest. ” Forrest entered, and immediately merit, to whom was intrusted the custody of Stale leard the door slammed and locked behind him. papers- the originals of Acts of Assembly, charter's, Se had not time to express any surprise at this, <£c. Our fathers look the idea from the existence of or at the same moment he felt something a similar office in Great Britain. Usually, in this oft rubbing against his leg, and, putting out Ins province, the Recorder of Deeds of Philadelphia rand,touched what felt like a cat’s back. A rasp- wa* Master of the Rolls, but not always—the offices ng growl saluted the motion, and he saw two being separate in jurisdiction. iery, glaring eyeballs looking up at him. “Are Anonymous. — William Perm was married vou afraid, ilr. Forrest?” asked Driesbach, in¬ in the year 1672 to Gulielnia Maria Springelt, visible in the darkness. “ Not a bit. ” Driesbach daughter of Sir William Springelt, formerly of id laid something; the growl deepened and became Darling m Sussex, who was killed at the siege roarser, the back began to arch and the eyes to °S-Bainber. Penn was married, it is supposed at ■hine more fiercely. Forrest held out for two or | ChaJfont, in Buckinghamshire, bg Friends'1 -liree minutes; but the symptoms became so terri- ceremony. His wi/e died or. ihe 23d of the Twelfth y ing that he owned up in so many words that he month, (February.) 1694. In the spring of 1696 he was afraid. ‘ ‘ Nowlet me out, youinfernal scoun- married Hannah CatlowhiU, daughter of Thomas Jrei, ’ ’ he said to the lion- tamer; ‘ ‘ and X’ 11 break Callowhill, merchant of Bristol,"England ■ and every bone in your body. ’ ’ He was imprudent the marriage most, probably took place in that there, for Driesbach kept him, not daring to move town, by Fiends’ ceremony. a linger, with the lion rubbing against his leg all the time, until Forrest promised not only immu¬ | TB EIABEES AND ANXIOUS INQUIRIES. nity but a champagne supper into the bargain. C* Tlle ''Thomas Potts, of Ger- Neutral.— “ Where did Evangeline find her rnanfown, referred to in a chapter of the 1 FTi.?* lover ? Few casual readers of Longfellow’s beau¬ tory of Philadelphia ’ as one of the trustees of the Quaker meeting at that place, was one of the 'mem* tiful poem imagine that he selected the quaint old hers of the West Jersey colony who arrived at a nr Quaker almshouse, south of Walnut street, below Fourth, in this city, for the final meeting and ling ton in the ship Shield, in Dece^r 1678 Re bunal-plq.ce of Evangeline and Gabriel. Yet such soon after came to Philadelphia with his wife and is most true : and the fact invests this historic spot • amici, at Germantown, His numerous mnvp'/* with additional interest. We quote a few extracts from the last chapter of the poem to confirm our as¬ sl'ow ki.m i0 have been an enter- sertion : In that delightful land which is washed bv the Dela¬ ware s waters, Guarding in sylvan shades the name of Penn, the apostle, Sis Stands, on the banks of its beautiful stream, the citv Thh'nuTf tt PkJrn h.e attained his majority, to 1 Then in the suburbs it stood, in the midst of meadows execute a deed, confirming his juvenile \ffwts in and woodlands; that line, seme of them tia'ina as far hark noth* Now the city surrounds it. L : But still, with its gateway and wicket meek, in the midst mwuu vj uttu jor a li t of splendor its humble walls, &c. acres which he bought in 1715. Ut ito the year 1723 Thus, on a Sabbath morn, through streets deserted ) records, he is styled a ‘ v$.ualer ’ or and silent, ,butcher, but after that he is designated at an Wending her quiet way, she entered the door of the psiding in Caleb sole. Dale town- almshouse. tVrjr T^-ttadelphia county. His first recorded pur■ Sweet on the summer air was the odor of flowers in the ehese jhtieabouts was made in J733. and thelasl garden. in 1742, which included a ’forge tend tract of land Distant and soft on her ear fell the chimes from the siiuate in Manatawi.y. ’ in Ja-ua,^ 1752, hfs belfry of Christ t hurcb; will was ps oven and registered at Philadelphia It While^mtermingled with these, across the meadows nr'deLhtS f[Ic,9dalen; sons, Thomas, David and John; daughters, Elizabeth Wvlker and Mary Sounds of psalms, that were sung by the Swedes in tlecver; grandsons. Stephen Yorke and Edward their church at Wicaco. Yorke, Thomas Polls, Jr., of Ojlebrook, Dale iron-master, ton of the above named Thomas and S'de sleeping'" the'r uameless g^ve, the lovers are Magdalen Potts, was married in or before the year Under the humble walls of the little Catholic church- ^rl4’ t°It

son as "Mrs. L. ” Tie learn Jrom~IKe~ShipperTl Samuel McCall, Jr., and wife Iwo tracts of land papers that Miss Mary Shippen, a daughter of I situate on the Manatawny creek and Schuylkill iChief Justice Shippen, whose knight was Lieu- \ river, containing, together, nice hundred and tenant Sloper, was married to Dr. Mcllvaine; \ ninety five acres. In 1757 he purchased a forge, tmd that Miss Sarah, her sister, was married to I sawmill, and three tracts of land, part of the manor Thomas Lea. There remain, therefore, to be\ of Mount Joy. He vius the fou ier of Pottstown, accounted for of these Meschianza ladies, Miss N. and died in 1768. His eldest so t, Thomas, was a White, Miss Bond, Miss B, Bond, Miss TV. Red-1 colonel in the Revolutionary arm., His son James man and Miss W. Smith. Who can give any was the mejor in Colonel John C dwalader's mus¬ particulars in relation to them f ket battalion. Another son. Samuel, was a mem¬ ber of the convention which fre nc.i the Constitution, READERS AND ANXIOUS INQUIRERS. of Pennsylvarda; another son, Jonathan, who graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in elaware.—“I did not state the place as to ! 1771, became the Director of the northern military where the argument in the Pea-Patch case was held hospitals during the Revolutionary period; and from my knowledge, by personal observation, for 11 another son. John, who married, Margaret Our- was not present at any limeeduring its progress. I •mink, daughter of Stephen Oarn.ick. of Philadel¬ But in a pamphlet publication of ‘ the substance of phia, merchant, was one of hii Majesty's justices, the argument’ of Mr. Clayton, in 1848, printed by and remained a royalist, for which his estate was J. <£• G. 8. Gideon, (of Washington, D. C., I con¬ confiscated. A daughter, Ruth was married to clude, ) the title-page says: ‘ Delivered in the Hall of I Peter , a well-known notary public of Phila¬ American Independence. ’ On the next succeeding I delphia.; and another daughter. Rebecca married page, in a note or preface, it says: ‘ Delivered by the celebrated Dr, Benjamin Duffifld, whose ds- Mr. Clayton, in the Hall of Independence. ’ Mr. tcendanU are men of mark also, with honorable Clayton, in the beginning of his address, said, ‘ he records in the Leading colleges rf the country, as joined with his learned friend, Mr. Bibb, in the well as in the army and navy, the pulpit,, the bar, acknowledgment of the kindness which had been ex¬ and M medical practice. I have written these facts tended in this trial by the civil authorities of the city, became they will bear mentioning in connection with and especially for the honor of being allowed to con¬ the name cf one of the worthy pipe eers of Philadel duct the argument of the case in the Hall of Ameri¬ phia court ty. They represent whM is supposed to be can Independence. It seemed to be an appropriate the most numerous family in the State; and. if the place for the discussion of the means of defending tiriler is capable of judging Okritiian examples, he | this noble city, which was. in truth, the birthplace would soy that it is good stock, and rarely equaled. cf American freedom. ’ Of course J do not presume About the year 1700 there were no less than four to make an issue, with one who was present at >he persons named Tnomas Potts buying and selling argument, as to where it was held; but as Mr. lands- in this vicinity. Their deeds, naming their Cloyton spoke on the 2d and 3d days of December, wives and occupations, enable us to discriminate i 3847, and as this publication was printed in 1848— Several family historians, not relying upon such possibly within two or three months after\it was authorities, succeeded in making family jumbles, i made—and as it is so repeatedly mentioned therein and failed to satisfy their tnpn oy ostites: ”_ where it was made, and as it jjas been more than a quarter- of- a- century since, mjV it not be possible The Meschianza. radies.—“ In the ac¬ your recollection is a little atmiull? It seems such count of the Meschianza, which took place at Phila¬ may be the case. Doubtless you can reconcile the delphia in 1778, while the British were in pos¬ difference. Mr. Clayton was a very correct man, session of the city, in honor of Lord Howe, who and I feel interested, to know whether or not it has was to retire from the position of Commander-in- been incorrectly stated. ”_TFe presume that the Chief, the following young ladies were men¬ difficulty can be explained by the addition of a few tioned as being the beauties for whose smiles the suggestions. Our correspondent's remarks refresh knights engaged in the tournament contended : our memory, and we think that the case stands thus: • * ‘ LADIES OE THE BLENDED ROSE, By the original agreement of reference to John Ser¬ “ ‘Miss Auchmaty. geant, made without consultation with the authori¬ “ ‘MissN. (probably Nancy) White. ties of the city, Independence Hall teas named as ‘ ‘ ‘ Miss Craig. the place where the parties were to meet, and where ‘ * ‘Miss Peggy Chew. the case should be decided finally. So the formal • ‘ ‘Miss N. (probably Nancy) Redman. meeting at the opening of the case was held there, ‘Miss Bond. and the parlies adjourned to a much more conveni¬ ‘ ‘ ‘ Miss M. Shippen. ent place—the second-story front-room at Sixth and Chesnut streets—and remained there until the evi¬ “ ‘LADIES OF THE BURNING MOUNTAIN. dence was finished. Of this we are confident, as we “ ‘Miss Franks. were present several hours of each day while the ‘ ‘ ‘ Miss S. Shippen. evidence was being offered. The final argument * ‘ ‘MissP. (probably Peggy) Shippen. might have been in Independence Hall, and the de¬ “ ‘MlssB. (probably Becky) Bond. cision given there, in order to formally fulfil the “ ‘Miss B. (probably Becky) Redman. stipulations of the agreement of reference. “ ‘MissS. Chew. “ ‘Miss W. Smith. ’ Italiania.—11 In the year 1867 the Parliamentof | Italy, on account of the financial embarrassments ‘ ‘ What became of these Tory ladies ? Did they of that kingdom, confiscated the estates and pro¬ all marry ?. If so, to whom were they mar¬ perty of the Roman Catholic Church, and sold ried .We can add something toward the so¬ much of it at auction for the benefit of the Stale. lution of this question. Miss Peggy Shippen, The sales have continued up to the present lime. whose knight on that occasion was Lieutenant Can any one inform me: 1st. What was the value Winyard, married General Benedict Arnold, of the property confiscated f and what was the an¬ afterwards the traitor. Miss Peggy Chew, whose I nual revenue arising from it? 2d. How much of the knight was Captain John Andre, afterwards property has been sold up to 1874, and what was hung as a spy for his complicity in Arnold’s realized on it ? 3d. What is the allowance made by treason, according to a statement in the “Repub¬ the Government for the support of the Church lican Court, ’ ’ married Colonel John Eager now ? At the same time. J may as well ask you an¬ Howard., of Baltimore. Miss Franks, whose other question: 4th. What is the estimate of the knight was Captain Watson, according to a state¬ value of the possessions of the English Estab¬ ment in the same book, married Lieutenant lished Church ? and what is its annual income * ” General Sir Henry Johnson, of the British army. .... These are questions much easier to ask than to Miss Sophia Chew, whose knight was Lieutenant ■ft* answer. In 1808 it was reported by the Dalian Minis¬ Hobart, married Henry Phillips. Watson says ter of Finance that the ecclesiastical properly thus that Miss Auchmuly was an English girl, and far sold had yielded 40,349 000 lire (equal to francs). married Captain Montressor, of the British In 1869 it ivas estimated that the ecclesiastical pro¬ -army. He also speaks of Miss J, Craig as perty not yet sold was worth 500,000,000 lire, without having given him some particulars vr\ reference to including 80,000,000 of lire more—the value of ' the celebration, from which we may infer that that property in litigation. In 1872 it was estimated that lady was never married. According to Clark's the ecclesiastical properly in Rome, proposed to be record of inscriptions upon the tombs in the burial- confiscated,produced an annual revenue of 7,192.000 ground of Christ Church, it appears that ad¬ lire. The establishments in Rome were confiscated joining the graves of Dr. Thomas Redman and in 1873. except the houses which the generals and Mary, his wife, is one of Mrs. Rebecca Lawrence, superiors of religious orders occupied. The allow¬ Rebecca Redman Lawrence lies next. The former ance to the Pope is 3,225,000 lire per annum; but died November 26, 1832, aged eighty-one years, he has refused to take it. The value and income of I and was therefore in 1778 twenty-seven years old, the properly of the English Church is beyond our Rebecca Redman Lawrence, who we suppose to knowledge, and must be, in any case, wildly be her daughter, was born in 1793. The former guessed at. is no doubt the Meschianza lady spoken of by Wat¬ m " ’ r-i. court cut through to Chesnut sti ana Alberto. — ‘ ‘ In last number of D isp atch, the the called Ftanklin place. 3d. Robert Morris is < Yeritas’ inquires why the streets of the old city buried in Christ churchyard, in Second street. proper ivere named after trees and shrubs. Permit me to refer him to the fifth stanza, part second, of At the time of his death his residence was in Twelfth street, between Chesnut and Market, ith. Longfellow's poem of ■ Evangeline. ’ for the most beautiful reason I have ever heard assigned. II December 26, 1831.

reads thus: Lorg Time Ago.— ‘ * In the second volume of . «in that delightful land which is washed by the Watson’s ‘ Annals of Philadelphia,’ page 302, is Delaware's waters. Guarding in sylvan shades the name of Penn the the following : apostle. • ‘ * Tnst Benni\ MarVaret, Richard and trusted of the members of the Emperort-’s f Dennis. Of these, John was born at the southwest suite, and ho was ready to follow him to the th^vear ItSTI%nd Morris aliey, in this city, in his Awn wL ld’ Franklin died in island of Elba when the allied armies entered his own house, in a court leading south from. Market street, between Third and Fourth. The Paris in 1814. After the crushing defeat of the building was torn down many years ago, and the French at Waterloo, in 1815, when there was no longer room to hope tor a restoration to power lambers, two of wnom were coun of his friend and patron, Lindet, in disguise, on a visit to Philadelphia. Such a reception left Paris and secured a passage to England. they had not anticipated, and they declared There he remained in seclusion for a time until they would not visit the city again. An in¬ it was settled that the exiled Emperor was to quest was held on the body of the unfortunate remain at St. Helena. Being in constant De Mombrey, and a verdict was rendered in dread of arrest, he resolved to quit England, these words: “ We find that deceased came to and at the earliest opportunity sailed for the his death by an explosion of gunpowder caused United States under tliq assumed name of J. by himself, intended to destroy life. ” M. De Mombrey. He landed in New York, At the time of the occurrence described, the icck Up his residence in the suburbs, and home of the Frenchman was on the south¬ seldom left the house in the daytime. The western boundary of the built-up city, incredi¬ fear that the emissaries of Louis XVTI1. would ble as it may now seem. Ilonaldson’s type- track him to his hiding-place, and take his life foundry was only a stone’s throw off; and by poison or some other means, continued to around and beyond it, in the Gray’s ferry haunt him. In his restlessness he went to direction, houses were few and far-between. Boston; but the phantom pursued him to that j The ground which James Konaldson, a few city, and he next came to Philadelphia, taking years after, purchased for a cemetery was then up his residence in a three-story brick dwelling | a meadow, inclosed with a post-and-rail fence, on the west side of Ninth street, one door j and in it the youths of the neighborhood en¬ north of South (present number, 524). There he gaged in their sports and pastimes. The dis¬ lived alone, and was known to many of the trict of Moyamensing had only been incorpo¬ residents of the section as the “crazy French- i rated nine years, and the population was but man.5’ In this city, as in other places, his | i 3263, while that of Passyunk township was fear of the Bourbons continued, and his dread 1638, making the entire population west of of them was such that he walked to the Sixth street to the river, and south of the city Schuylkill or the Delaware river for a supply limits to the mouth of the Schuylkill, only of water, tearing that the wells in the neigh- i 4601. These figures were obtained from a re¬ borhoed had been poisoned. Every day he ' liable source. There were then in Philadel¬ could be seen leaving his house carrying a phia eleven daily newspapers, namely: the butter-kettle. After an absence of an hour j American Daily Advertiser, the Philadelphia or more he would return, cautiously unlock Gazette, the Aurora, the Gazette of the his door, and fasten it after he entered. He United Mates, the Freeman’s Journal, was an object of mirth and ridicule to the boys the Democratic Press, the American Sen¬ who knew him, and their thoughtless remarks tinel, the Franklin Gazette, the National generally excited him into a paroxysm of mad¬ Gazette, the Columbian Observer, and the ness. In some matters he seemed rational | City Register. Five of them were morning and enough, and any reference to his mental condi¬ six were evening papers. It was estimated that tion was a source of vexation. That he had one hundred and fifty persons were employed means was shown in the prompt payment of in the offices of those journals. More than that his bills, though he made very few purchases number are now employed in a single office at the shops near his own residence. On the (the Public Ledger). The Gazette of the United north of his dwelling lived a family named States was one of the leading newspapers of the Williamson, the younger scions of which con¬ period; and, on the Monday morning following sisted of three sons and two daughters. Be¬ the occurrence which has been alluded to, it tween some members of the family and De contained this—and only this—reference to it: Mombrey—as I shall call him—there existed a On Saturday morning an Insane gentleman, ’ feeling of hostility, and in the occurrence named J. M. De Mombrey, ended his earthly ca¬ about to be related it was surmised that the reer by blowing up himself and part of the house in which he resided. He had long fancied his Frenchman mighj; have been stimulated by a life to be an object of pursuit by secret agents of desire to destroy them more than by a wish to the French Government, who sought to destroy it by poison'and other means; and, strange as it j end his own miserable life. About one o’clock may seem, the fear of falling a victim to them led ' on the morning of Saturday, September 20th, him to become one to his own hands. 1823, a shock as of an earthquake, accompa¬ It will be perceived that the residence of the nied by a report like that of a cannon, aroused “insane gentleman” was not given, nor does the residents for half a mile around the house the paragraph contain anything to indicate of De Mombrey, and it was discovered that he that he was living in Philadelphia. In the bad placed a keg of gunpowder in his chamber same issue of the paper reports of occurrences and- applied a match to it. The interior of the ip other cities were published, showing that the building was a complete wreck; the front was proprietors were not insensible to the desire of blown down, and the side walls shattered. newspaper readers for particulars of interesting For a time it was surmised that the occupant events; but when they transpired within a half had been blown to fragments. Not so, how¬ hour’s walk of the office there was not enter¬ ever—for when the lumber and plastering had prise and industry enough in the establishment been removed from the cellar the body was to hunt them up. In looking over the volume found much disfigured, but entire with the ex¬ of the Gazette for the year 1823 some familiar ception of a hand. The adjoining house had names were found, among them T. B. Free¬ suffered only in the wall next the Frenchman’s man & Son, auctioneers, Chesnut and Seventh residence. Part of it fell with the floors and streets, and J. & W. Lippincott & Co., auc¬ joists of his dwelling, exposing the sleepers in tioneers for the sale of groceries, No. 34 South mm ^_ _ Front street. Very much of the advertising this port, and when she arrived here Haskell department of the paper of each day is devoted nand Eranswan were handed over to the United to the schemes of the several lottery companies States marshal for trial. The charge of piracy —the law legalizing lotteries at that time. The was preferred against them, and they were con- public were told how easily they might leap j victed. Subsequently, on some technical from poverty to affluence by risking a little ot ground, a new trial was granted, and the case (j their spare cash in tickets in the grand schemes, I was presented to a second jury. The report i * or in fractional parts of tickets. Third street states that, after being out fifty hours without K from Chesnut to Market was at that time the ! food, the jurors came into court and stated. (1 location of the chief offices; and among the their inability to agree. Judge Washington number of agents was F. C. Wemyss, after¬ would not discharge them; but refreshments ward somewhat famous as an actor and mana¬ j were allowed, the counsel for the prisoners not ger. He was associated with W. C. Corrine, objecting. Subsequently a verdict of “not an exchange broker of Baltimore, and con¬ i guilty” was rendered. Jurors were at that ducted the Philadelphia branch of the lottery day kept together without “food, fire, or business. A few years later Mr. Weymss candle-light,” until they agreed upon a ver¬ went back to the stage, though a depression of dict. Charles J. Ingersoll was then attorney theatricals in Philadelphia drove him into the of the United States for the Pennsylvania dis¬ lottery business again, and he opened an office trict, and prosecuted Haskell and Franswau. at Nob. 34 East avenue and 35 West avenue. They were defended by Messrs. Bloomfield Arcade—heading his business notices with the and Joseph Mcllvain. words ‘e Starved out! ” and assuring his friends In a number of the Gazette for the year named that in his new profession Fortune had taken is a paragraph announcing the marriage of John up her quarters with him by special request. Cotton of New York. He was indebted for his Of places of amusement, only two were ad¬ notoriety to a circumstance which made him an vertised in the Gazette. One—-a circus—had for object of commiseration and of the bounty of ^ attraction, beside the usual ground and lofty merchants and insurers. Being an officer of turdbling and other ring performances, the the brig Patriot, he had bravely defended her drama of “The Woodman’s Hut,” and the against the crew of a piratical vessel, and in naval ballet of “Jack in a Storm.” Singu- * the engagement lost both his arms. The para¬ laxly enough, there is not the least intimation graph had a humorous turn, making John fiy of the streets (Walnut and Ninth) in which the to the arms of Kebecea the fair, as she could circus was located. The other place of amuse¬ not take refuge in his. ment was the Prune Street Theatre, the plays In a previous sketch reference was made to being “Pizarro” and “ Ali Pacha. ” Admis¬ the danger of ocean voyages, fifty years or more sion to the boxes was fifty cents—-children half ago, from the watchfulness of pirates, whosej| price. It was conspicuously announced that craft sailed in every part of the world, and no smoking was allowed. For the intellectual whose motto was, “Dead men tell no tales!” entertainment of the Philadelphia public a Mr. In looking through a volume of the paper re¬ Goodacre, from England, was lecturing on ferred to, a paragraph was found which re¬ astronomy. ported the finding of the schooner Dolphin on Beside the account referred to of the insane ihe 7th of October, 1823, in latitude twenty- gentleman blowing himself up, the only other i three degrees, twenty-two minutes, and longi¬ local item was a caution to shopkeepers, in¬ tude sixty-six degrees forty-five minutes, she forming them that people were swindling by . having been abandoned. It was stated that representing that they were servants of re¬ the condition of the vessel indicated her cap¬ sponsible housekeepers, thereby obtaining ture by pirates, and the removal by them of all goods. Only a week or two ago two young her valuables. Boxes had been broken open, women were arrested on this charge, in this and everything on board was in confusion. A city, and sent to prison. cat was the only living thing seen on board. A report of an interesting trial appears in one Six bags of rice and some coils of rope were number of the Gazette of that year. It took taken possession of by the discoverers of the place before Judge Bushrod Washington, in schooner; but she was left, otherwise, in the the United States Circuit Court, and was a condition in which she was found. charge of piracy against Joseph Haskell and Among the subjects which attracted public Charles Eranswan, who were of the crew of the attention that year was the condition of Greece, schooner Tattler, Captain Garland, of Salerri^ then struggling for independence. Every lover Massachusetts. One'ol' the crew, named Smith, of liberty was interested in her fate, and who was in the mate’s watch, killed him and desirous of aiding her to secure her freedom. threw him overboard, and attempted to stab In Philadelphia public meetings were held, the captain when he went to the mate’s assist¬ which were participated in by George M. Dal¬ ance. Failing in this, the captain billed him, las, "William M. Meredith, John K. Kane, and then ordered Haskell and Eranswan to Henry D. Gilpin, Joseph K. Ingersoll, and duty. But they showed a mutinous disposi¬ other prominent citizens. The public heart tion, leading to the belief that they, with was stirred as it was in later years, when Po¬ Smith, had formed a common design to murder land was battling for her rights and Kosciusko the officers, take possession of the'vessel, and fell. Sympathy for Greece was not only felt in sail her to the Spanish main, there to engage in this country, but in England her cause was piratical expeditions. Nothing farther hap- espoused by many influential persons; and pened on board the Tattler during the voyage to Lord Byron, who had in his writing doubte 1

4L ri0 n#II 'the ability of her sons to achieve their inde¬ Museum, consisting of one long room for cu-l pendence, or to maintain it if won, left his riosities, and three apartments known as lec-| country to fight under her banner, and died ture, mammoth, and quadruped rooms. To the abroad—though not, as a hero, amid the battle’s east of Independence Hall, then, as now, were j strife. the offices of Prothonotary of the Supreme) The year 1823 was marked by an exciting po¬ Court and Begister of Wills; next came the', litical canvass for Governor of Pennsylvania. office of Becorder of Deeds and that of clerk of] An impression prevails that party spirit was the Mayor’s court—all on the first floor. On not as high in times past as now; that candi¬ the second floor was the Prothonotary’s office j dates for important offices then were not as¬ of the District Court, rooms for white and sailed with that bitterness, and, to some extent, black witnesses, grand jury room, and office of1 disregard for truth, as in these latter days. It the Guardians of the Poor. Subsequently one is a mistaken belief. Parties were known as of these rooms was occupied by the Becorder of! Democratic and Federal—the former advocat¬ the city. To the west of the hall, on the first ing State rights and the latter favorable to a floor, was the Prothonotary of the Common strong central government. For some months Pleas Court, Sheriff’s office, Clerk of the before the election the newspapers were filled Orphans’ Court, and Clerk of the Quarter Ses¬ daily with appeals to the people to support one sions. On the second floor were the clerks of j or the other of the candidates, and predicting the United States court, Marshal’s office. dire results from the success of the opposition County Commissioners, and Auditor’s office. ticket. The west building was occupied on the first I Though the election took place early in Oc¬ floor by the Common Pleas and District Courts; [ tober, the official vote of the State was not pro¬ on the second, by the Circuit and Supreme mulgated until the middle of November, and Courts, Controllers of Public Schools, and Law the result was not definitely ascertained until Library. The eastern building was occupied the close of October. There was no electric on the first floor by the Mayor, City Commis¬ telegraph then to send news to distant parts of sioner, and City Treasurer. Up stairs were the the State with lightning speed, nor was any chambers of Councils, and a room for the - railroad in operation in the country. Several water committee. Councils continued to meet years elapsed before their use in Pennsylvania. there until after Consolidation. The cars were for some time after drawn by horses, at a speed of not more than eight or ten An Incident of tlie War of 1812. miles an hour. Slow traveling, compared to In the month vt August (say the 28th) the express lines of the present day. General Bloomfield had command of this It was in the year 1823 that the corner-stone military district, and on the day above of the Eastern Penitentiary was laid, the day mentioned the First Troop Philadelphia being May 22d. Boberts Vaux presided over City Cavalry was mustered in Seventh the ceremonies, assisted by the State and city street—which then ran through Washington officials. The commissioners named in the Act Square—and was ordered to proceed to a of the Legislature for the superintendence of place called Mount Bull, opposite Havre de . the building during its erection were Thomas Grace, and about three or four miles from i Sparks, John Bacon, Boberts Vaux, Samuel the mouth of ths. Elk river, to watch the B. Wood, Coleman Sellers, Thomas Bradford, motions of the British fleet under Admiral Jr., Daniel H. Miller, William Davidson, Ccckhum, who was devastating that part of | James Thackara, Caleb Carmalt, and George the country after the capture of Washing¬ N. Baker. The architect was John Haviland; the superintendent of masonry, Jacob Souder. ton. It was the custom to drill the Troop As far as could be ascertained, the cost of the two hours in the morning and two hours in buildiDg and lot was little short of a million the afternoon. On one of those occasions a | dollars. There was a lapse of six years, after man who had the appearance of a farmer the laying of the corner-stone, before any por¬ came and took a seat on the fence, where tion of the penitentiary was in a condition to he had a good view of the drill, and heard receive convicts, and only nine were received the names of several of the officers. After in the first year (1829). f the drill was over he got down from the. Steps were taken in the year 1823 for the erec¬ fence and mixed with the troopers, who tion of the Musical Fund Hall, in Locust were then relieved from duty, and inquired street, above Eighth, the Legislature, in the if there was a surgeon attached to the Troop. spring of that year, having passed the Act in¬ He was told there was no surgeon of the corporating the society. The object was for the Troop, but that there was a member of it relief of distressed musicians and their families, who was a physician. The stranger was ac¬ and the cultivation of taste and proficiency in companied by a boy of about ten or eleven | the musical art. Mr. Strickland was the archi¬ o years of age, who. he said, he was appre- tect. | hensive had tfc6 small-pox, and that he I It may interest readers of the Dispatch to would be very much obliged if the doctor know how the State House was occupied in would examine him, which was accord-1 1823. In the main building the hall of Inde¬ i.ngly done; and, to his great relief, appa¬ pendence was used as a court-room, and the Mayor’s court sat in the apartment on the west rently, he was told that he need be under I was Peale’s j no apprehension/ as the eruption on the [ boy's skin appeared like the chicken-pox, and was not contagious. After having I spent some time lounging about’tae camp exception of the Puritans of Hew Englan he took his leave, with his cempanion. This is a large claim, and we suppose it is During the war it happened that a vessel ' founded upon the solitary fact that Dr. With- bound to Philadelphia from the Mediterra¬ j erspoon was a Presbyterian and a clergyman; nean was captured by a British frigate, a and because no other sect happened to have a prize-master put on board, and the prize i clergyman as a member of Congress, all other ordered to Halifa x. On board the captured persuasions must go down tail. Undoubtedly vessel was a gentleman of Philadelphia there were patriotic men during the Revolution well known to the writer, who was the who were Presbyterians; but there were just as supercargo, and who was treated tery cour¬ many patriots in proportion to the number of teously by the prize-master, a lieutenant in communicants who were attached to other the British navy. In the course of conver¬ sects, and not a few who belonged to no sect. sation the lieutenant asked the supercargo The Presbyterians, by their religious teachings, if there was not a troop of horse belonging bad no more to do with resistance to Great to Philadelphia commanded by a Captain Britain, or in counseling such resistance, than Ross. He was told that there yras, He j the Quakers. The pastoral letter, adopted by the Synod of Hew York and Philadelphia on then said that ha saw the 'Xroop a? S&eflr ; the 20th of May, 1775—one month after the ticned above. ^.:Cl then returned to his battle of Lexington—contains no sentiments ship, h§ naving been a spy disguised as a but those of timidity. Thus says the Synod, I itrmer when apparently only witnessing speakiDg of the war, which had then actually the Trrop •Ji'illi .'g’,' in company with the lad commenced: “lluded to. So much for that. We have long seen with concern the circum¬ General Robert Wharton, who succeeded stances which occasioned and the graduallncrease of this unhappy difference. As ministers of the General Bright as Brigadier General when Gc«pel of Peace, we have ardently wished that It ! could, and often hoped that it would, have been the war broke out, resigned his commission more early accommodated. It Is well known to and entered the First City Troop (of which you (otherwise it would be Imprudent, Indeed, thus publicly to profess) that we have not been he bad been captain) as a private, and, Instiumental In inflaming the minds of the peo¬ during his stay at Mount Bull, in October, ple or urging them to acts of violence and dis¬ was elected Mayor of the city of Phila¬ order. Perhaps no instance can be given on so interesting a subject in which political senti¬ delphia, and a committee of Councils was ments have been so long and so fully kept from i be pulpit, and even Malice itself has’not charged ordered to inform him of his election, who US with laboring from the press. .vent to Mount Bull and found him, with an In carrying on this important struggle, let every 1 apron on, acting as cook for the day, which opportunity be taken to express your attachment and respect to ope sovereign, King George, and ] , ffice was taken in rotation alphabetioally to the revolutionary princl pies by which his august family was seated on the British throne. We re- i by the Troop. commend, Indeed, not only allegiance to him < It may be proper to state here that out of from duty and principle as the first magistrate of | sixty-five members of the Troop who served the empire, but esteem and reverence for the f ! person of the prince, who has merited well of his in that campaign, there are not more than subjects on many accounts, and who has proba- three or four survivors. I biy been misled Into the late and present meas- . ures by those about him. Neither have we any , doubt that they themselves have been In a great Presbyterianism in the Revolution. degree deceived by false Information from inter- - At a meeting of the Presbytery of Philadel¬ ested persons residing in America. It gives us the greatest pleasure to say from our own | phia, held last week, the question was dis¬ i certain knowledge of all belonging to cussed whether the General Assembly should our communion, and from the best means be invited to meet in this city next year. There of information of the far greatest part of; all denominations in this country, that the pres- was a strong opposition to such invitation—ex¬ ent opposition to the measures of administration actly why, we do not know, unless the mem¬ does not in the least arise from disaffection to the King or a desire of separation from the parent bers who opposed the proposition fear that there Stale. We are happy in being able, with truth, will be too many of the brethren anxious to come lo affirm that no part of America would either have approved or permitted such insults as have and quarter themselves upon them, making their been offered to the sovereign In Great Britain. duty to Religion an excuse for a visit to the Cen- We exhort you, therefore, to continue In the ■ tennialExhibition, so that the latter desirable en¬ same disposition, and not to suffer oppression or ' Injury itself easily to provoke you to anything joyment may be obtained without the necessity which may seem to betray contrary sentiments. of payiDg hotel bills. Brother Perkins was very 1 Bet it ever appear that you only desire the preser¬ vation and security of those rights which belong warm in opposition, and he hoped that if the i to you as freemen and Britons, and that recon¬ measure should carry, he would be permitted to ciliation upon these terms Is your most ardent record his protest solitary and alone, in order desire. to show that one warning voice had been raised The Presbytery met again in May, 1776, in against the injurious proposition, although Philadelphia. It was after the question of in¬ dependence had become a vital one, which, amid the strong breeze of assent it might sound like the piping of a boatswain’s whistle | like a sieve, was winnowing the true patriots in the roar of a tremendous hurricane. Rev. frem the pretended ones-—separating those! who loved their country from those who loved' Brother Dr. Breed was of a different opinion. He thought that it “ was one of the most natural the King more. At such a time the Synod of' New York and Philadelphia, which was the tbiDgs in the world that the Assembly should only Presbyterian authority in North America, be invited to meet here, because the Presby¬ terians had more to do with the organization might have spoken with powerful influence of this Government than any other, with the upon the side of independence; but it failed to grasp the opportunity. The spirit of 1775, r \ .* . v uv- * which had counseled iove *M affectioa to

• . ,-^-i • H- of this apartment was an ample balcony, closed the vivid and pleasant memories of childhood during winter by glazed sash and during summer and early youth as connected with the special by Venetian blinds, and used as a conservatory locality in question—I will endeavor to give a Here was tried in part that famous experiment as truthful account of the changes therein occur- to whether the vegetable or the animal organism ring, as gathered from the narration of living could the better withstand the want of a due de¬ witnesses to then comparatively recent events, gree of heat. Between the bed-room and the as well as from personal remembrance. The two library was a water-closet—possibly the first con¬ houses—by the old method of numeration venience of the kind in the city. The principal Nos. 274 and 276—were, as you state, erected rooms were furnished with Franklin stoves—-a by Mr. Thomas Leiper, and were good specimens scientific contrivance for burning wood, at that of the mansions of the period, being carefully time the only fuel. built of well-selected and properly-seasoned ■3 I will now give a description of the locality, as material. Each lot had a frontage of twenty- existing nearly fifty years ago, together with some four feet on Market (or, more correctly speaking, subsequent changes. West of No. 276 were a High) street, and in depth extending to Grape number of three-story brick buildings of compara¬ street, which thoroughfare was universally, but tively diminutive dimensions, and occupied as erroneously, called Lodge alley, from the fact that residences and as places for several kinds of retail the rear portion of the Masonic Hall abutted business. TJpon this site Mr. Ridgway after¬ upon it in the adjoining square to the east¬ ward erected the spacious storehouses yet stand¬ ward. It Is now Jayne street. The build¬ ing. No. 276 was for many years, in the early ings, with a few exceptions to be specified here¬ part of the current century, occupied as rest- after, were of similar model and construction, and consisted of main buildings of three stories, Since, surgery and apothecary store by a very! surmounted by garrets, and containing spacious popular and talented practitioner of medicine, and comfortable apartments. The lower stories the progenitor of certain distinguished gentle¬ consisted of two large and well-lighted rooms men, who appear not only to have inherited his and an unusually wide entry. In the second name but also his predilection for the healing story were the very large and much-admired art (old Dr. Betton). Subsequently it became ' ‘ drawing-rooms, ” embracing in width the a hostelry, having large stables in the rear, and full front, and in depth about two-thirds of the was chiefly patronized by residents of the sur main building, the remaining space being occu¬ rounding country who came to the city in their pied by a wide entry and a comfortable chamber. own vehicles, and by those who twice a week The third stories were divided into three cham¬ attended market to dispose of the varied products bers and room for the garret stairs. The back of their farms. Another class of customers con buildings were also of three stories, the lower sisted of the owners and drivers of those immense four-wheeled machines known as “Conestoga being the kitchen, the second either sitting-room wagons, ” always to be seen standing backed up or chamber, and the third a chamber. Back of all to the curbstone throughout this portion of the were the neatly laid-out gardens, extending to street, and having in front a feeding-trough, the commodious stables. These buildings were braced upon the wagon-pole, near to which were erected shortly before the return of the Govern¬ picketed the gigantic and powerful animals which ment to Philadelphia. No. 274 was somewhat furnished the motive power. This noble breed modified in construction to meet the peculiar has disappeared, together with the necessity for views of its future occupant, Mr. Jefferson, be¬ their services—for now their immense strength tween whom and the owner there existed an in¬ is superseded and surpassed by the superior pro w- timate and life-long friendship, based upon per¬ ess of the “iron horse. ” The sign of the hotel sonal regard and similarity of political senti¬ was an artistically, well-executed representation ment. Leading from the front street, and partly of a lonesome and lugubrious member of the beneath the level of the sidewalk, was a paved ursine family, with polar surroundings. When, alley-way, common to bothhouses, and Intended in the lapse of time, the public house was closed, to relieve the mansions from the almost incessant this hairy-coated individual sailed away, possibly tramp of the numerous employes and others upon an, “arctic exploration” —a variety of whose business or social relations required free amusement less fashionable at that time than at ingress and egress. In the vast chimney-place of present. He was afterward discovered, stranded, No. 274 were to be seen not only the old-fash¬ at the corner of Fifth and Race streets, where for ioned turnspit and the swinging crane, with its PR® several years he could be seen coolly surveying accompanying pots, pot-hooks and hangers, but the prospect from his new standpoint. About also a variety of ingenious Jeffersonian culinary 1828-’29 the premises No. 276, having been tho¬ contrivances, which were a wonder to wide-eyed roughly renovated and disinfected, became and youth and a puzzle to all plain cooks. In the continued for a number of years the residence apartment above was to be seen the famous dor¬ and place of business of a gentleman In the gro¬ mitory ‘ ‘ alcove, ’ ’ being a space cut off from the cery line. Shortly after the removal of the Gov¬ north end, and having, on the inside of the pas¬ ernment and Its officials to Washington city, No. sage-way leading to the room and on the I 274 was occupied by the owner, who continued to outside, a convenient pantry or closet. This reside and transact business there until his death, alcove, when used as a bed-room, was concealed in 1^5. The family remained several years later. during the day by ornamental curtains; but, ac¬ The original building upon the lot No. 272 was a cording to the recollection of the winter, it was •two-storied brick storehouse, which, in my re¬ more appropriately filled by a massive mahogany membrance, was painted a dirty yellow color, sideboard, whose old-fashioned ends were gar¬ and contained for sale a varied assortment of nished with quaint knife-stands, and whose liquors manufactured on the premises, there ample board habitually displayed in hospitable being in the rear several wooden sheds con¬ profusion various agreeable beverages grateful to taining the materials and apparatus necessary the thirsty soul. In rear of the back buildings of for distilling and rectifying. This property came No. 274 was the library—a frame structure erected -A into possession of a very energetic but somewhat over the yard, and supported partly by the yard eccentric individual of Quaker descent,* who, wall run up to a sufllclent height, and partly by although retaining the garb and language of that substantial wooden pillars, thus leaving a free respectable sect, was generally believed to have passage beneath. Attached to the southern face ___ leen < ‘ thrown over the wall ’ ’—or, in other modeled and fitted up for the taSSfei of a for¬ words, expelled from meeting—as. the member's warding and commission business, having rail¬ could not reconcile his business pursuits with way switches from the main track on Market ! their sense of propriety. He was a great show¬ 1859 tIley were both completely j man, and caterer for the amusement of the public. destroyed by fire, so that entirely new buildings The front store was filled with cages containing which me yet standing, were erected on the site' numerous wild beasts, and the sheds in the rear From this will be perceived the error in regaffi were used as stables for tamer animals exhibited to the large house, No. 806. It should be No 80S as curiosities. The orchestra rejoiced in direful \ eiy respectfully, George L. Tavloii discord, produced by a wheezy hurdy-gurdy and a _ No- 1208 North Eighteenth street. cracked clarionet, recruited at Christmas and Jesse Sharpless. other holidays by a very bass drum and a de¬ f James Schott. moralized French horn. This continued for seve¬ ral years, when the owner determined to improve '^j,,one of the corresoondents of the) the property. This he did by erecting the large four-storied brick building, still standing, which gratifyhim to be informed that Dr ®Franklin ' has been confounded, in the note alluded to above, with No. 274. This was the second four-storied house built upon High street. The first was on fS’X r:p as the same (south) side, and east of Second street, and belonged to the same proprietor. In the basement of the main building was an oyster cellar, upon the window sash of which was con- Moktuus.--‘‘Did Franklin die Tri We alley-way that bears Ms name? And, was his funeral an im¬ Ispicuously painted the apt quotation, reading, posing one? Or was it very plain f Though buried ‘ ‘ Fascilis est descensus averni, ’ ’ &c. This was in Christ Church ground, (and the old pew in which done at the suggestion of a waggish schoolmate of he sat is shown, in Independence Hall,) if we may the writer. This joker was at that time a hand¬ judge from his peculiar religious tenets, his occu¬ pancy of it was most likely as frequent as Washing¬ some, well grown, fresh-complexioned, and pre¬ ton ’s traditionary communings in the same church cocious youth, much addicted to fine clothes and — that is, rarely, if ever. ”We have already ex¬ the early use of cosmetics, t He in later years plained that the street formeily called Franklin Place, (now Hudson street,) south of Market street, acquired notoriety as a so-called sporting charac¬ was opened after Franklin’s death. He therefore ter, and as being one of the principals in a blood¬ did not live in that ‘ * aUey. ” His house and gar¬ less duel fought with a well-known gentleman dens took up the greater part of the block, though of this city (Pierce Butler). In the lower story of the entrance was through what might be called an dUey-way ”—not, hmvever, by Franklin Place or ibis builuing was a clothing store, and above by the present Hudson street, but by an open passage were the rooms in which were exhibited the wax west of that, and nearer to Fourth street. Frank- works and other curiosities constituting the funeral was rather pompous for the time. “ Washington Museum.” One of these apart¬ Volunteers, and members of societies took part in it. The pew in Christ Church was not much used by ments was a place of horrors—for, besides the Ffayklin. He had a pew also in the First Presbv- counterfeit presentment of several murderers and tffiqn Church: but he rarely attended either-. other repulsive characters, there was the effigy of Mobtuus.—“It used W be said mat the old yel¬ Baton Trenck, his pale and melancholy face low brick mansion, opposite the Pennsylvania Bank, Second street, above Walnut, was built for William visible through the bars of his prison cell. Near Penn; and yet there is authority for saying that he by was a squad of life-sized soldiers, one of wlVom never occupied it. How is it ?>’.... The house was j must have been killed very dead, as he was lying built by Samuel Carpenter before 1700. Penn lived there in that year; and Ms son, John Penn, “the i, with half his head and all hi*! brains shot away; American, ’ ’ was bom in that house. We would two others were canning off a wounded officer, . -Ukelo know what“ authority ” says otherwise. whose booted ’eg was Gn the ground, apparently Mixtee.—The Declaration of Independence just severed from the bleeding stump. In one was first publicly read to the people in this city on July ilth, 1776 from the astronomical observatory corner was a large bed, whereon lay the prolific m the State House yard by John Nixon. It was Mrs. Blank, represented as having shortly before never read from the steps of the Stale House, by increased the population of the world by the ad¬ order of Congress. dition of six unfortunates at one confinement. JD. H.M.—“In Westcott’s ‘History of Phxla- This human litter, although supposed to be but 2, delphia, ’ Chapter CVIII., is introduced the name of Ralph Sandiford, the pioneer of freedom in few hours old, w6t*e sitting up, ranged in a row, this country, and the author of the first treatise upon one side of the bed, and showing a strong against slavery known to have been published in family resemblance, with their glassy eyes, putty any part of the world. 1 have often wondered how it was that, during the many years of the cheeks, and tawdry baby clothes. It was very anti-slavery agitation and excitement, I never amusing to witness the terrified looks and stealthy heard the name of Sandiford mentioned by the ad¬ movements of the unsophisticated country folk vocates of freedom. He was the first to bear his testimony against the sinfulness of holding human who visited the “ show,’ ’ some of whom would beings m bondage, and, as a proof of his sin¬ not venture beyond the threshold. Immediately cerity, he gave liberty to those held by him, and (eastward of this estabhshment was Zell’s dwell¬ erven offended against the discipline of the Society ing and hardware store. Then came Messrs. of Friends, of which he was, with, this exception, perhaps, a worthy and consistent member, by Mcntelius, dealers in snuff and tobacco. At the publishing, without their approval, a treatise corner was a retail dry goods store. Here,upon the against the wrongfulness of holding slaves. The pavement, a meek, obstinate scion of tfuaker- remains of this champion of freedom lie buried in dom (Tommy Lloyd) displayed his stock in trade, afield, on land once owned by him, near Bustle- ton, in the Twenty-third ward, unmarked bu comprising numerous potted specimens of flori¬ monument or aught else to designate the spot. culture. This small dealer was either so ex¬ 1 ears agone there was a small head-stone that tremely honest or avaricious as always to insist •marked the grave that held his remains, but that has altogether disappeared; the mound of earth upon the odd half cent in change. He said that that was heaped above the coffin has fallen in. and two half pennies made a whole penny, ten pen¬ the plow and harrow have leveled the ground so nies a dime, ten dimes a dollar, and enough of that perhaps not even the oldest inhabitant of the the latter a competency—the truth of which neighborhood can point to the place. I would suggest to our American citizens of African de- arithmetical statement nobody could deny. scent that they should do honor to this pioneer in About the year 1838, Nos. 274 and 276 were re the cause that makes them men and women, by —

erecting in that old field—as near the spot of his in¬ terment as can be ascertained—a suitable monu¬ ment, to show to future generations where lies the dust of one that dared to follow his convictions of SCENE OF lANGASARIAN’S LAI right. ’ ’ ']G EBUAWTCWN. —A.t the battle of German¬ town General Stephens had charge of the divisions The Building to Be the Headquarters of Of Green’s column, which was to march down the Limekiln road. It is said that the American re¬ treat, after the battle was actually won, was a Singing Society. caused by Stephens, who was drunk on that occa- son. Be was dismissed from the army in 1777, ark.—“1st. On a map, of. the Baric] Another church has been added to the al¬ mouth of the Wissahickon there is a place called the ready long list of sacred edifices in this city • battle-ground. ’ What battle, if any, was ever which have for one cause or other either fought there? 2d. I saw in one of the daily papers that there was a fight in the Revolution on the been completely torn down or turned to other around now occupied by the Centennial Buildings, uses. Workmen are now engaged in fbe in which Lafayette took part. Can you tell any¬ partial demolition of the old Spring Garden thing about it?”.,.. 1 st. General Armstrong, with Presbyterian Church at Eleventh and the American militia, attacked the Hessian chas¬ Green streets, and by October the building seurs,under Knyphausen, who was stationed on the south side of the Wissahickon, this being one of the wherein for nearly a half century hundreds movements connected with the battle of German¬ have been wont to worship will have been town. Armstrong commanded the Hessians at a transformed into a theatre of gayety and fes¬ safe distance, made no assault, and finally re¬ tivity, resonant with the sounds of secular treated with but litlle loss. These events may jus¬ music, the clinking of social glasses an tify the application of the tide of ‘ * battle-ground ’ ’ to that portion of the Park at the mouth of the Wis¬ swiftly flying feet ot dancers. sahickon. 2d. We are not aware of any skirmish In the year 1846 the church, a large brick having taken place on the west side of the Schuyl¬ structure covered with gray plaster, was kill, north of Market street, although such a thing erected, Rev. John McDowell, D. D., being is possible. The American mUitia, under General Hotter, patrolled the west bank of the river during the first pastor. It continued in existence, the British occupation, and kept a watch upon the with the usu»l ups and downs of fortune, city. They were particularly vigilant in the neigh¬ until the year 1890, when at a congrega¬ borhood of the ferries and fords, watching the tional meeting it was decided to sell tha bridges and means of access to and from the city. property and dissolve the congregation. At one time during the battle of Germantown a de¬ monstration, by way of a feint, was made by the During this period seven pastors occupied Americans, at Market street ferry and floating- the pulpit, the most widely known of whom bridge, which called out the British troops sta¬ was probably Mangasar M. Mangasarian, tioned near there. There was some artillery-firing, who presided over the church’s welfare for but nobody was hurt. General Lafayette, so far as \ the four years beginning 1884. we know and believe, never had any connection with the troops operating on the west side of the river, op- At the time of his assuming the charge posite the city. _ the church was in a deplorable condition, has only a few of the staunchest supporters re¬ .evolution.—A In" a letter, (which maining, and several meetings had been never been published,) dated Reading, November held looking to the sale of the building. 19, 1777, the writer says : ’M “‘The bounds of General Howe’s army, Under his ministry and eloquent preaching extending from the mouth of the Schuylkill, the congregation rapidly increased until it as far as Peal’s place, on the Wissahickon far surpassed its former highest limit. Rev. road, and so across to the Delaware, which is Mangasarian was a very young man, and an all the land he now occupied, except Province Armenian by birth, coming to this country Island, and so down to the mouth of Darby creek, his fleet not being higher up than Bil- to receive his theological education at linsport. ’ Princeton. • * Where was Peal's place ? Where was Pro¬ All went well with pastor and people until vince Island?".Peal's place was what was the former began to give utterance to teach¬ called “Peel Hall,” owned by Oswald Peel, ings directly at variance with Presbyterian and now the property of the Girard College. Pro¬ doctrine. There was also, as one expressed vince Island was on the west side of the Schuyl¬ kill, near the mouth, where the provincial pest- it, “too much preacher and too litlle gospel” in the sermons. Finally the dissensions house, or lazaretto establishment, stood. Pen¬ '''(•Vra,* rose’s ferry crosses directly upon the island, */• culminated in Mangasarian’s resignation, he which was formed by the Schuylkill and by the going to St. George’s Hall, Thirteenth and water of the cret ks which, surrounded it. The latter Arch streets, where he lectured or preached are now dried up or led off in ditches, and Pro¬ for some time, many of his former congrega¬ vince Island has become a part of the fast land. tion remaining loyal to him. As he drifted IV away from Presbyterianism at the Spring Garden Church, however, he seemed also to fax* ?/ ?Uu/o G fade from public view, and now he is scarcely ever heard of, although he occasionally speaks before the Ethical Society in this city, his home being at present in New York. This separation was mutually disastrous, as the congregation began to grow smaller and smaller and the attendance rapidly de¬ creased, until two years ago it was deemed expedient to suspend services. The prop¬ erty was sold and the money, about 120,000, was given toward the erection of the new edifice now being built by the Columbia- avenue Presbyterian Church at Twenty- second and Columbia avenue, the new build¬ ing to be called the McDowell Memorial The Spring- Garden Presbyterian Is Presbyterian Church, in memory of the Spring Garden’s first pastor. Such of the Now Only a Memory, former members as have not connected themselves with other congregations will consolidate with the Colnmbia-avenne church.

•- . Peters and Benjamin Ghew, Esqs.," and Harmonic Hall will be the name of the refers to a conference held with the In¬ building which is to occupy the site of the dian sachems at Easton in the months old church. The original main auditorium ■ of July and August, 1757. Beside the will still be retained with but slight altera¬ imprint is a coat of arms, a shield and a tion. A four-story front of the German lion rampant, with the words “Mercy ■ renaissance style will be added to the origi¬ and Justice.” nal structure, and it will be fitted up with An account is giveu of a meeting with all the appurtenances of a modern club¬ Teedvuscung, who is empowered by the house, containing billiard and card-rooms, ten tribes to settle all differences sub¬ refreshment, sitting and reading-rooms and sisting between their brethren, the Eng¬ other conveniences. The Harmonic Singing lish, and George Grogan, Esq.,.deputy Societv, whose present headquai'ters are at agent to the Honorable Sir William 1417 Columbia avenue, will occupy the new Johnson, Baronet, His Majesty's sole structure. Richard Godeffroy, the architect, agent and superintendent of the af¬ says that the corner-stone will be laid about fairs of the Six Nations, their allies and the middle of next month. dependents. A message that was sent from “John Penn, Lieutenant-Governor and Com- mander-in-Obief of the province of Pennsylvania, and the counties of New Castle, Kent and Sussex, on Delaware,” to the chiefs and warriors of the Six I , (?dst Nations, acquainting them with the ! fact that Jolm Ironcutter and Frederick Stump had sold liquor to the Indians, and during a fight several of the latter had been murdered. Frequent men-j tion is also made of settlements for theJ consideration of a string of beads, belt, or some such article. BROUGHT TO LIGHT The discovery of these valuable papers;, was entirely by accident, and occurre in this manner: J. Heron Foster, edito AFTER fl CENTORY of the Pennsylvania Nationalist, who oc- cupies one of the rooms, had occasion b look after some water pipes in his print¬ ing office. In making the examinatior ReinarMe Discovery of Historical he came across a small apartment whicl had probably not been opened for tilt.' Parers in an OM House. years. On searching with a candle h discovered several boxes tilled with pi pers, letters and other articles, the book BACK TO BEFORE FRANKLIN’S DAY printed by Franklin being among t li n rn ber. The theory advanced by several ir Belief That They Belonged to a He- terested parties is that a former tefian ' Shrive of John Penn—Messages Guliehna Springett Penn Jones, a rel2 tive of John Penn, had these paper; That Re.'er to the Times of the Six belonging to the Governor placed there1 Nations, Sgfor safe kee[?&rg, and in the lapse of! i years they were forgotten. The house is The alteration of an old family resi- full of odd corners and queer hiding! . ^ deuce at 1312 Filbert stregt has led to the places, being one of the old-time resi-i • ' discovery of valuable documents con- dences now so rapidly disappearing, ■ nected with the early history of the city ' / and State, the same having been hidden for an unknown period. The house within a year past was owned by Mar- xnaduke Cope, who recently sold it for 5540,000. The find consists of several boxes of j letters of a private nature, together with \ four volumes of reports of conferences held in various parts of the State that Will throw light upon many transactions hitherto forgotten. Apart from this THE COLLINS FAMILY they possess a value as relics of an¬ tiquity and furnish interesting read¬ ing matter. The print is perfectly legi ble, THE DESCENDANTS OE NEW JERSEY’S although the pages are dog-eared and ' stained with dust and age until they COLONIAL PRINTER. have the appearance of old iinen dipped in coiiee. Two of the volumes are from tiie press of Benjamin Franklin and THEY WILL HOLD A REUNION one has this imprint: “Philadelphia. Printed and sold by B. Franklin and D. Hall at the new printing office near the The Career of Isaac Collins—His Early market. MDCCLXIII.” Another is'addressed to “The Honour¬ Work in Philadelphia^Fhe Firm of able James Hamilton, Esq., Lieutenant- Crnikshank & Collins—Collins’ Publica¬ Governor; William Logan. Richard tions in New Jersey. | On the 9th of May the descendants of Good printers in Philadelphia, 150 years Isaac Collins, the colonial printer of New ago, were as difficult to procure as golden Jersey, will hold a grand reunion at the apples, and Collins, being an excellent work¬ New Century Club to commemorate the man, found no difficulty in procuring work, first with William Goddard and then with marriage of their ancestor with Rachel several other leading publishers. And it is Budd, of Mount Holly, which took place on recorded of him that from the start he re¬ the 8th of May, 1771. It is expected that ceived 25 per cent, more wages than other about one hundred and fifty poople will journeymen in the same printing offices. take part in this reunion, which will con¬ In 1769 he formed a partnership with sequently be a local historical event of some Joseph Crukshank, who had been in busi¬ imporfewfce. The order of exercises for the ness for some time and was then one of the ' evening as announced by the executive leading publishers of the city. The firm of Crukshank & Collins lasted, however, only committee is as follows: At 7 o’clock Fred¬ about one year. People of the present eric Collins will make a speech of welcome, day can hardly realize what an enormous j after which the marriage certificate of amount of press and other work was re¬ Rachel and Isaac Collins will he read. A quired in the colonial days to print a book historical sketch by John Collins will then of 150 or even 100 pages. And the number ! be presented, which will conclude with an of publications issued by Crukshank & Col¬ original poem written for the occasion. lins was consequently limited, according to a list furnished by Mr. C. R. Hildeburn, to After this reading the chairman will request the following : ! various members of the family to favor the “The American Traveler; Containing Ob¬ company with reminiscences and interest- servations on the Present State, Culture and | ing facts appropriate to the celebration. Commerce of tbo British Colonies in Amer¬ ica. By Alexander Clunv. Phtla. Printed J Among others the following members of by Crukshank & Collins, 1770.” ft the family are expected to be present: Fred- “An Account ol the Convincement, Ex¬ ercises, Services and Travels of that Ancient , eric Collins, Isaac Collins, Joseph P. Rem- Servant of the Lord Richard Davies. Lon¬ j ington, W. H. Collins, Henry H. Collins, don printed—Phila. reprinted by Joseph 4 Theodore H. Morris, Charles Collins, Fred¬ Crukshank and IsaaeCollins, in Third,street, opposlle the Work-House, 1770.” erick Chase, William Pearsall, Horace J. “ Material Towards a H isiory.of the Amer¬ ? Smith, Charles M. Morton, Morris Earle and ican Baptists, in XII Volumes. By Morgan Edwards, A. M., fellow of Rhode Island Col¬ John Collins. lege and overseer of the Baptist Church In Phiia. Phila. printed by Joseph Crukshank The ancestor of the Collins family of to¬ and Isaac,Collins, 1770.” day was born in Delaware on the 16th of February, 1746. He was the son of an emi¬ This last was the first historical work grant from Bristol, England. As Collins’ written aud printed in Pennsylvania, and it i ; parents died when he was very young he is regarded as one of the most valuable con- j bad, from the start, to depend on his own tributions to our local history extant. It is I fexcaftions. At an early age he was appren¬ not only an epitome of Baptist history, but ticed to James Adams, of Wilmington, Dela- is full of historical, biographical and genea¬ Jware, with whom he worked until he was logical data relating to the early settlers of nearly *21 years old. But as Adams had little the Province who were connected with tin work for him to do he consented to allow sect. It was probably not a financial suc¬ 1' Collins to finish his appr^tjeesbip as a min¬ cess, and the second volume was not issued until 1792, and was then printed by Thomas Dobson. Crukshank and Collins printed several other books, all of minor importance, except, perhaps, Francois Sauvage’s ‘•Direc¬ tions for the Breeding aud Management of Silk Worms. With a preface, giving some account of the rise and progress of the scheme for encouraging the culture of silk in Penua. and the adjacent colonies.” By the death of James Parker, the Ne Jersey printer, an opening was made for settlement of a printer in that coloi Colliqs wisely embraced the opportune an d being supplied with a press and typ< by his late partner, he removed to and be¬ gan business in Burlington, N. J., late in 1770, where he continued to live until after the commencement of the Revolutionary war. As he was a member of the Society of Friends the majority of his publications wero religious in their character, and writ¬ ten and printed with the one object in view of promulgating the doctrine of the Quak¬ ers. But it is well to mention that he oc¬ casionally put his press to a different use, as shortly after his arrival at Burlington he was appointed printer to the King’s most is A AC COI.T.INS. excellent majesty for the Province of New __ .., - , Jersey, and thereafter the laws of the ter with William Rind, at Williamsburg, J Province and royal proclamations were, 1 a. When of age the young journeyman issued from his office. In 1771 he began the emigrated to the Quaker City, which was publication of an almanac, which he issued then the most flourishingill; townLAMV U. illin America.i t W

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_ ISAAC C'OLMNS HOUSE AT BURLINGTON* annually Tor more than twenty years. This almanac had a very large circulation and at times almost rivaled Poor Richard’s in its popularity. It was called “ The New Jersey I 2 1/1 J Almanac,” and was compiled by “Timothy Prueman Philom.” From its title page we learn that it contained “ Essays on the Sea¬ cc (Pet/, sons, Agriculture, the Education of Youth, the Pleasures and Advantages, of Society, With the Fair Sex, on Drunkenness, Gam¬ Jo ■ ing, Integrity, Solitude, Marriage, Advice to the Ladies, etc., etc.” About 1786 the title was changed to “ To the New Jersey Al¬ POSTERS OF FORTY YEARS AGO manac.” In December, 1777, Collins issued Found on the Wall of the Old Boole I the first number of his new paper, the New Store at York Avenue and Woodj Jersey State Gazette. In 1778 he removed Street. his printing office to Trenton, which had There was an Interesting “find” of two old- j then far outgrown Burlington in business ' time “posters” on Wednesday when work- j importance. During the Revolution he was men removed the stucco from the Wood loyal to the American cause, and in 1776 he street wall of Schaefer & Koradi’s book printed the continental currency for Con¬ store, at the oorner of York avenue. Affixed gress. to the bricks of the wall were two gaudy As early as 1788 he issued an edition of bills, one of yellow and the other of red the New Testament in demi octavo, and in j with a yellow border. Although they repre¬ 1791 he published 5,000 copies of a quarto sent the mode of advertising forty years edition of the Bible, which was the first back, the expressions used show that the edition printed in New Jersey. Proposals advertisers were as thoroughly alive to the for its publication were issued as early as value of catchy words as those of the pres¬ 1788. In some particulars it was different ent day. from any other edition of the Bible then The yellow poster was so firmly pasted as published. Among other things, the dedi¬ to defy removal, and as It speaks, In its way, cation to King James was omitted and in from where it has rested for four decades, it its place was printed an address “ To the calls attention: “For particulars, see Pub- Reader,” by the Rev. John Witherspoon, mo Ledger. Business and pleasure com¬ bined. Go to sale of building lots at Bur¬ D.D. Some copies had Ostervald’s “Prac¬ lington, New Jersey, July 1, 1852, at2o’clock tical Comments on the Books of the Old and P. M., in Wright’s plot of town lots. Bar¬ New Testament,” with separate title page. gains may be secured! A delightful But as the Baptists’ association objected to home obtained, and a pleasaQt excursion these and the Apocrypha, they were left out insured. Steamer Edwin Forrest leaves in some copies. The book is sometimes met | Arch street whart, July 1, 1852, at 12 o’clock. with in two volumes, but is nowadays rare Fare, 12% cents. Parties can return In the in any condition. It is remarkably free; evening by railroad and steamboat, there from typographical errors. To secure accu¬ being 12 to 15 opportunities during the day. racy in this respect, it is said that Collins These are the most desirable cheap lots ever read the proofs over eleven times. offered to the public. Bet the public at¬ In 1796 Collins removed to New York tend!” At the bottom of the poster is the md there set up his press, but about 1808 date “June 26, 1852,” and the imprint he returned to his old home at Burlington, “Brown’s Steam-power Job Printing Es¬ where he died on the 2lst of March, 1817. tablishment, Ledger Building.” His sons followed his business in New York, The “Brown” named on the bill as the and the house they established, Collins & printer was Henry A. Brown, who had Brother, is now one of the oldest printing charge of the Ledger Job Print, at that time located at Third and Chestnut streets. firms in the United Slates. That department had even so many years ago a reputation for such work, its posters ' 131

and theatrical bills, programmes and gen- lng curves to the tavern, where hug* oral work being in demand. bunches of tlie Welcome flowers would b* To those whose years exceed four score the presented to the amiable hostess. fare 12% cents will bring reminiscences ot In 1859 Mrs. Clopp moved from the ol

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THE CITY. temimscences of the Old lamb Taver* Now n Memory. j The old road house and trotting park, A TKIBUTE TO GENIUS fnown as the Lamb Tavern, situated at tl*a unction of Islington lane and tne old Sum- (Ah Enthusiastic Gathering at tier road, the latter subsequently becoming* Academy of Music Last Night mown as the Lamb Tavern road, was aa Honor of Mbs. John Dbew—Josepj tblong shaped stone building, two and a Jefferson Shares in the Triumph,! aalf stories high. It Was erected early In the present century,and for many years was of the Hour—Wayne MacVbagh’s used as a iarm house, and was surrounded Eloquent Addeess. by fruitful acres cultivated by truok farm¬ The audience that assembled last night in ers. In 1834 the building, which for so tin the Academy of Music to give public ac¬ years previously had been used as a tavern* was occupied by a Mrs. Clopp, who for 23 knowledgment of the exceptionally high years carried on the business and gave the place which Mrs. John Drew holds in the place a reputation as a first-class road affections of the public, not only as an arti ,te house. Here Mrs. Clopp catered to but as a woman whose life-long efforts hare ntaDy of the best known drivers of the day. The place was always open to the voiuutee* been directed towards the elevation aud puci- • firemen, and they had many a run out ta Sication of the stage, was one that, in point of Lamb Tavern ior the sake of partaking of an numbers no less than in personnel, was early breakfast In the large and cheery din¬ never exceeded by any gathering that ever ing room. They would run out Broad street assembled within its walls. to the old Punch Bowl and along the sum¬ mer road to the tavern, where the occupant* After a charming overture by Simon Hass- of the house would be awakened by tha ^er s orchestra, ex-Attorney General Wayne clashing of the fire bells anti the tooling ot MacVeagh was introduced to the audience by j the fire horns. After breukfast the firemen Editor L. Clarke Davis in a few appropriate would run out Islington lane, a miie dis¬ tance to Itldge avenue, then known as tha words, Mr. MacVeagh said:— Kidge turnpike, and return to their houses. .,-^e saying of Sir George Cornewall Lewis In the beginning of May the old-time flre- that life would he very agreeable but for Tts ; men’s raids, further up in what was thett amusements is true only of amuse | called the country of lilac bushes, is still re¬ ments which are not amusing as membered by the few surviving Inhabitants. vert s° ma?y thi?6s called amusements are : in returning they would run along Rldga very far from being. But, taking human ; avenue to the Junction of the summer road, joatnie as it is, not perfect, as in our wisdom now Clearfield street, and along Us wind** ' : ' f outa nave matte it,uut with the infinite variety of limitations and imperfections its ehe has done towards redeeming dramatic Divine Author has associated with it,, one of representations in this city from evil sur¬ the greatest needs of the human spirit, and roundings and elevating them to the plane of one of its best helps to seeing things in their refined enjoyment. She has been for over | true proportions, Is such amusement as re-' thirty years a most successful theatrical man¬ iieves it from the weariness of this work-a- ager, whatever proper test of success may be day world, and even from the stress of that applied. sense of duty which Wordsworth addresses as HOMAGE TO THE GBEAT OF THE PAST. Stern daughter of the voice of U-od, She has evidently always felt the inspira¬ although he adds, tion of the great names which have shed im¬ You wear A most benignant grace, perishable lustre upon her art, and in homage ] Nor know we anything so fair to their genius she has always striven to As is the smile upon thy face. render it less unworthy of them. I doubt not THE MIMIC STAGE’S CHAKM. that to many others, as to myself, the pauses It is not because we love duty less, but in the aotion of a great drama are apt to more, that we crave the relaxation we eDj oy bring to one’s mind the gTeat dramatists, and in witnessing upon the stage its mimic repre¬ if so two figures are always likely to appear to the imagination, one walking under the i sentations of some of the experiences of the plane trees on the banks of the Ilysseus, of life we are living, in tragedy its passions, in Even-balanced soul comedy its humor, in farce its ludicrousness; From first youth tested up to extreme old age, and if I were askod to name the most im¬ Who saw life steadily, and saw It whole. portant characteristic of the nature we in¬ The mellow glory of the Attic stage; herit, which is habitually disregarded by the other walking in the "Warwickshire good men of narrow minds, I would name its .meadows on the banks of the Avon, many-sidedness. This characteristic at once On whose forehead climb explains and justifies our instinctive enjoy¬ Tbe crowns of the world; ment of the drama—an enjoyment which, and if Mrs. Drew has never essayed the role like all others, increases in direct proportion of Antigone or Electra, she has successfully with its refinement and its elevation. In the represented Beatrice and Rosalind and even “Lament for Adonais,” that noble threnody Imogen, that poet’s dream of a fair woman, of one poet over another, we are reminded whose chamber roof that With golden cherubims is fretted, Life, like a dome of many-colored glass, and who wears Stains the white radiance of Eternity, A mole, cinque spotted, like the crimson drops but it is under the many-colored dome we are In the bottom of a cowslip. to pass our earthly pilgrimage and we need, Then, too, on the lower range of our old t as a staff by the way, not only soberness and wholesome English comedy, Mrs. Drew’s su¬ \ ■ righteousness, but cheerfulness and gayety, periority was soon attained, and has never ( and “Laughter holding both its sides.” It is, been lost. It always has been, and we hope ! therefore, very good for us to be here to ex¬ it may long continue to be, a privilege to wit¬ t press, by our presence, our respect aud our ness her appearance not only in such plays as I admiration for the successful manager, the the Belle’s stratagem and London Assurance, i accomplished and versatile aotress, and the but also in the School for Scandal, and in that I cellent woman whom we have met to other great comedy of Sheridan’s in which honor. we are to see her to-night. A DESERVED testimonial. A TRIBUTE TO MB. JEFFERSON. A most eloquent and impressive testimony And seeing her, we are to see her with that bt the respect and affection Philadelphia feels genial and accomplished gentleman who long for Mrs, Drew is furnished by your presence ago secured an abiding place in onr affections, here to-night. This splendid hall of audi¬ our greatest comedian, Mr. Joseph Jefferson. ence has been often filled to listen to great In the charming autobiography with which be has recently enriched English literature, l aingers, great musicians, great actors, great be suggests that at one point in the Rivals | orators; but amid all the diverse and tran¬ Bob Acres should subdue his personality and scendent attractions here presented, not one sink, as it were, into the background; but has filled it with an assemblage more repre¬ Mr. Jefferson, the aotor, ought to have in¬ sentative of the best culture, and, what is far formed Mr. Jefferson, the author, that no better, the best character, of Philadelphia American audience would ever be able to see, than fills it now. It is an assemblage of ad¬ him “in tbe background.” It only remains miring friends of which any man or any for me to express the earnest hope we all feel1 woman ought to be proud, and if Mrs. Drew, that Mrs. Drew will be long spared to con¬ whose modesty is known to equal her merit tinue to honor true womanhood as well as never experienced that feeling before, she dramatic art, and to assure her that while she i ought to experience it always hereafter. lives there will only be an increase of the the crowning delight of the evening is esteem felt for her by her fellow-citizens of that Mrs. Drew deserves all that we can say Philadelphia. in her praise; and I am only repeating the And now, ladies and gentlemen, the enjoy¬ 'words of the most learned member of our Bar ment of the evening begins. when I remind you that “to Mrs. Drew we After the performance the applause that owe it that ihe theatre has been purified of bad been tempered through the play broke contaminating associations, and innocence out with renewed force, and on the ap¬ and. youth are no longer liable to be disgusted pearance of Mrs. Drew before the cur¬ or injured when resorting to it for amuse tain the enthusiasm broke into cheers and; ment or improvement.” The changes she calls for a speech. Jefferson came, holding made to secure those ends were made in a the band of the old-time partner of his suc-i brave and noble spirit, at a very serious pecu cesses. Utterly unable to speak for emotion, I niary loss, and at a time when she could but She noddeddart to him to sayr»v something.somethin!?. Prom 111 bear the loss; and, for my own part, I feel a heart overcome with the pathos of the sitn-j a debt of personal gratitude to her for what I ation he said briefly: “Under suchciroum- - 133

stances one ( Minot say anything, fable autograpii letters of historic | simply ove i helmed.” I have been discovered from'‘numerous (eminent statesmen, soldiers and civil- The Audience and the Performance. lians of Colonial days. Several bear the The audience was one of the most remark¬ signature of George Washington, tb© able ever seen in this eity, both in point of Marquis de Lafayette,Commodore Barry t umbers and distinctive character. Every and others. An interesting epistle states that the j part of the beautiful building was thronged, writer had bought a cargo of slaves from and the sight of the enthusiastic multitude I the African coast, for which he had paid was in its way as inspiring as anything seen 1 what would amountin American money I on the stage. Never had a dramatic artist a to $12 a head and for which, he says, he I finer compliment than was paid in this great will receive $500 each, and at the same time commenting upon the transaction outpouring of the very best elements of the in a facetious way as to the small profit community. In point cf money receipts also he was realizing. The latter document i it was as notable, nearly $4,000 telling the is in the possession of one of the work- story in cash of the triumph of the, night. This, of course, is one of the gratifying men. This old house belongs to the wife of features of the occasion, but beyond that (for J. Horace Hepburn, a well known happily Mrs. Drew is in no money need) is lawyer of this city, to whom it was be¬ the proof given by this splendid tribute of the queathed by her mother, recently de¬ best classes of Philadelphia society to a ceased, who was a granddaughter ot i representative artist. Commodore Barry. The house is a per¬ The programme was excellent at all points. fect museum of relics, being tilled with Mr W. H. Crane gave the second act of his a fine collection of swords, armor and comedy The senator, well supported by other articles, among which is a model Gladys Wallis, Hattie Bussell, and others. of Commodore Barry’s flag-ship. W. J. Le Moyne cleverly sketched the title The buildings in this row were made character in The Organist, a neat one-act memorable several years since, when a play. The part of the daughter was well as¬ clause in an old deed was discovered sumed by Miss Bessie Tyrell. Adelaide Ban- preventing the erection of back build¬ dall, Clara Poole, Mr. Gullle, and Mr. Mer¬ ings on the houses. An owner, not be¬ ten 8, from the Grand Opera House Company, ing aware of this provision, started to followed in the quartette from Rigoletto, and ; make an addition, when he was stopped sang it with such fine effect that it was en¬ by an inj unction.__ lA cored. Mr. and Mrs. Kendal had an ovation when the curtain rose on A Happy lair, a comedietta, which is one of the best things they do. Annie Pixley sang one of her favor¬ (tfrl ite character songs, ‘‘When Dem Clouds Boll Away,” and then came the chief attraction of the evening, Mrs. Drew in her famous imper¬ a/, sonation of Mrs. Malaprop in The Rivals, with Joseph Jefferson as Bob Acres, Maurice Bar¬ rymore as Captain Absolute, Yiola Allen as -O' Lydia, Louis James as Sir Lucius, and Bo¬ land Bred as David. Mrs. Drew’s perform¬ ance in its brilliancy seems to have increased rather than diminished by repetition, and the m ra= sdd nr© Acres of Mr. Jefferson was as fresh as in any 30x165 FEET. of the years gone by. Inquire at Store. 2733 DIAMOND ST.. 11 BOOMS.S3V Fo 00 1 This scheme of entertainment gave com¬ JCIKL 2129 North Thirtieth Street. 9 rooms. -1. plete Satisfaction. Probably any programme wenty-seven-and one-half St., 7 rooms. .00, .00 would have answered for an occasion which J1415 Taylor Street 7 rooms. 00 was intended only as a mark of affectien and 172-3 Brdman Street, 5 rooms. , DO >153 Harrison Avenue, 5 rooms. ' 00 respect to one who for more than a genera¬ 1014 York Street, 5 rooms-....■-••y yVsFFAvenue tion has served Philadelphia so well; but at Roberts & Elder, 2S3j Bidge Avenut. the same time it was gratifying to note the 2110 NORTH THIRD, 8 ROOMS, $22.00 entire artistic success of the project. The I"*** I 11 bMl 1 7 TVH'Avrn Al'tb C"— -. ° scene of Mrs. Drew’s appearance was affect¬ Every day the passengers who look from ing and memorable; and it is certain that no the car windows of trains on the German¬ person who was in the Academy last evening town and Chestnut Hill branch of the Penn¬ will ever forget the thrilling emotion of those sylvania Bailroad, or the Norristown branch , moments. And so a deserving thing has bean of the Philadelphia and Beading, on the low I finely and forcibly accomplished. ground to the south of the Beading Bailroad tracks a short distance above Indiana ave¬ nue, or Oid Bising Sun lane crossing, see a group of rudely constructed shanties. Viewed from the car windows, this settlement is com¬ Oh posed of a grotesque variety of make-shift dwellings, mere concessions to exigencies in many cases, which by no means indicate the pecuniary resources of the. occupants. Some of them are simply squalid, but upon others For the past few days workmen have the sunshine and rain have brought out a been engaged in tearikg down a portion soft color, and the scraps of which they are of the old residengfe at the northwest built have borrowed a quaint grace from the corner of Ninth ‘and Locust streets Jr'*> exposure. under the supervision of Contractor J. H. Jordan, and a largp number of valu- ■IIW: This is the neighborhood now known as All told a round baker’s dozen of shanties Dogtown, or Italyville. For years the long lie up here across from Westmoreland Sta¬ strip in which it is the least inviting quarter tion and all of them, save one, are but one has stretched from the edge of Fairmount story high. But by numerous additions and Park to the nestling homes of Frankford, a extensions some of the houses have been Singularly tenacious barrier between the city made quite roomy and large enough to ac¬ and its suburbs. The line of the Penn¬ commodate several boarders besides the fam-| sylvania Railroad—the Connecting Railroad, ilv. The oldest dwelling in the town is the to give it its still official title seems to two-story house which was built about have drawn a boundary beyond which the twenty years back as an office for Gillinger’s built-up streets could not hope to pass, brick yard, which formerly stood here. and just here the low-lying ground has Some of the little shanties have been treated long been a visible bar, forbidding the fusion to a coat of paint or whitewash, which makes of the slowly approaching rows of brick them glare in the sunshine and brings out houses to the south of the tracks with finely their■ angularity, but generally they! the villas of Tioga and Nicetown and the have been left to the weather, which has! toned the rough clapboards to a soft gray or country seats of the township line. As a slate color. One or two of the houses have proof of the faith of all Philadelphians in been covered with discarded tin roofs, possi¬ the perpetual freedom of this stretch of bly picked up on some ash dump. On every! brick clay soil hero stands the Municipal hand it is evident that the uncertainty of; Hospital, set down as in a space which na¬ the squatter’s tenure has been recognized; ture would take care should be forever open. at the time of building, and no idea; But Dogtown is already doomed. Bricks of permanence or squatter’s sovereignty tot threaten it on every side. They are being the property has guided the selection of ma-j marshalled at Germantown Junction, they terial, or the manner in which the hetero- * are marching down from Ridge avenue, they genous odds and ends have been put together. I;, threaten ominously from the avenues across Inequalities of the surface of the ground have j * the tracks, where not one or two, but a hun¬ not been smoothed or removed, but the K' dred building operations are going merrily structures have been accommodated to them; K on, with all the modern conveniences. The and one end of the kitchon floor is frequently j Lehigh avenue bridge across the Pennsyl¬ several feet below the other. As chimneys vania Railroad has left Dogtown no hope. old and battered stove-pipes have been util¬ Only a few years can pass before the houses ized, and beyond the timber in the walls few run close up to the very verge of the Twenty- of the materials are first hand. But some of second ward, whose frontiers have been so these humble abodes are quite tidy indoors, long uncitified. Indeed the building that while vines and flbwers, which have been has been done at Westmoreland and Tioga planted around the walls, help to give them within a year or two past is sufficient in itself picturesqueness. to pass for an urbanizing force. Here the explorer must not only be pre- A DOGTOWN VISTA. pared for rebuffs from the inhabitants, but must also beware of dogs, which flock out |a Jong time. I go to school here. I am from almost every house at his approach. ialmost an American.”. The latter part of this These dogs seem to measure a stranger by the | J‘“ark uttered with a proud air, aud it quality of his coat, and the majority of them jWas evident, from her manner, that she fully become frantic at the sight of pretentious /appreciated her accomplishments. p habiliments. Besides dogs each house has its What do y°« do for a living hero?” full quota of chickens, several of the owners 'mew0fthera®n, Work ou the railroad, keep* goats,«- ’ and- flocks of geese are every¬ - ome few are ragpickers, and others work as where, flopping their wingswinvs in your face or jlabojersin the neighboring brick yards.” swimming in close-by puddles of water. iJo they make much money?” Many of the occupants of the shanties keepf' trifle^1 S,mile<3,’ drugged her shoulders a small plots of ground under cultivation as » a“d glanced furtively at her pretty gardens, in which most of the vegetables used dress before replying. “No,” said sh^ by the family are raised. Lnhonlv0rkeT7 bard for small pay The ground upon which Dogtown is built j "y fr! al0,lgby ™uch economy » i “ Nn nie0US6 T4 dO0S DOt °OSt JOU much?” I very l°w, and few of the houses are raised -iNo, not mueh, only about tn7-r» /? n month we pay for the Jrnn^l tW° dolhlrs j more than a few inches above the ground. |aud a half.” ground ; some pay tw: To prevent water from getting into the houses, each yard is surrounded by deeply saiI^Wa“WhIreevotnrn t0 fluoption, and she dug trenches by which the water isdrained IHealth?” 70a COme irom• Board of oflT. On entering the settlement a pretty I “ No.” Italiau girl about seventeen years of age was “ What then ?” she smVt ,•« I noticed standing in a doorway. Behind her ‘‘oAre?they going to cut a the interior of the house was dark and dirty with scant furniture much the worse for wear. 1 ors.”^°' was tke rePly. “we are only visit- But she wore a finely feathered hat, agood me¬ rino dress of claret color, and gilt necklace ■yy *«i, and earrings. Her jet black hair was smoothly braided, and it was quite evident that she was being brought up with a design of her parents to make some sort of a lady of her. “Do only;Italians live here?” group of men who were idling/ to a , “Yes,” she replied smilingly, “only Ital¬ ians live here.” rheymet^6 SmiledaDd ^eeted Tem,"but But that is not pure Italians those two tefusing t"r -reetl'ug wjtlTscowling brows women are speaking,” said the visitor, point¬ ing to a pair of mummified old women who were chattering at the door of a near-bv by Italians^6 “tovS'S house. J “No, no,” she answered, “you notice the ' difference ? r ’ are talking Neapolitan. liSSg “,h'I t ,e,r,T,!°,h0 ln-' < Most of us come from that district” geese and other poultry for citv ,of pay several dull.™ 7 ,c ty dealers, who well?”1 h°W ^ that yOU speak English so all fl,I i • jd larsa raouch for the care of .“Oh !” said she, “I have been in America Although

. 4 __ A DOGTOWN ground them is seldom any sickness among its inhabitants; indeed, its death rate com¬ pares very favorably with Tioga. A resi¬ dence in Dogtown, although perhaps not ideal, at least affords a poor man, if he has steady work, an excellent opportunity to ac¬ quire in a few years a competency, as it costs " idi st nothing to exist there. All the squat- ers claim to own their own shanties and it is very doubtful if many of them pay rent for the ground they occupy. Even if they do, $2 or $2.50 per month is a very modest rent for any home, no matter how humble. The Fshanty-owners all have their own gardens POE IN ■ and as for meat, but little time or trouble is consumed in killing a fat hen now aud then. . J Places Where tafe Poet and Romancer?] Before leaving the neighborhood of Dogtown it would be a great oversight to fail to men¬ Lived-lfi This City, with tion the ‘‘squatter sovereignty” which has been maintained for the last twelve years by' Reminiscences.

James Crozier on the estate of George '"--w. ' ---- • Vaux. Crozier’s shauty is almost within a stone’s throw of Dogtown and just f 1= Edgar Allen Poe became a resident of south of Germantown Junction. For Philadelphia .late in 1838, and removed i twenty years and six months Mr. from the city: in the Summer of 1844. j Crozier was a switch and flag man on These years are the most impjj^rtant in his the Pennsylvania Bailroad, his route being life, but the story of them. nas never been \ from Seventeenth and Lehigh avenue to fully told. This account is an attempt to 1 North Penn Junction. But three years ago state, accurately and consecutively, how, [ he gave up active railroad life and re¬ when, and where Poe lived in Philadel- tired to his cottage home, where he took up J phia, without entering unnecessarily into I the business of a dairyman. Ho has a wife the details already made known concerning; and five children, besides numerous cows, his personal and literary history. dogs, goats, horses and chickens. The ap¬ It should be stated, first of all, that the;.; pearance of his place is most attractive, every¬ thing being cleanly aud in good order. In¬ biographers and critics of Poe are divided!," deed, the squatter home of this good-natured into two very hostile parties. One side rep-;' Irishman is a pattern one from which some resents him as a drunkard, a falsifier, and!, of his Italian neighbors might profitably a man generally unreliable, while the other! copy. speaks highly of his honesty, personal! E. Leslie Gilliams. worth, and wordly virtues, his tippling be4 —S» ing pronounced “a mere occasional lapse into the use of stimulants.” The anti-Poes , are led by Griswold and Stoddard and the! pro-Poes by Ingram and Ortensi. Poe removed to Philadelphia with his! child wife, Virginia, and his mother-in-1 law, the burly Mrs. „Clemm, not later than1 the m onth of August, 1S3S, and bearded on j fipSet, tbe fious%rio longer standing. 'nj0 i cattle over again and again. One v$, o of Foe’s biographers agree upon is that Burton had to go out of town.f&j'/ and ever, in so simple a matter as this few weeks, leaving Poe in charge of tnA there is a disagreement. Ingram says he magazine. Upon returning he found that; came in Autumn,Gill has it ’‘near the end no copy for the next issue had been f urn-1 isbed to the compositors, but that Poe had/ of the year.” Poe’s own letters fix the date, arranged insteafl to start a monthly of his, and on September 4,1838, he wrote that'he own,copying Burton’s subscription lists and' ; was “just leaving Aroh Street for a small taking other improper advantages of his;' house.” His next address, as given, was position. ] i "Coates Street, near Fairmount Street.’' ' Poe himself says that he left Bpr^ THE COATES STREET HOME. ton of his own free will, in utter scorn, of his scoundrelly methods. He sulDse-.' At that time Coates Street extended from qnently wrote a friend, in refutation! ! the River Delaware to the Schuylkill, and of Burton’s charges of intemperance: I Fairmount Street was an unimportant thor¬ i pledge you before God the solemn word oi oughfare running from Callowhill to Coates, a gentleman that I am temperate even . 1 a square or two from the Schuylkill River, rigor. . . . From the hour in wbic j The poet’s house stood back from the street I first saw this basest of calumniators to tia - and Captain Mayne Reid despribes it as “a hour in which I retired from his office in lean-to of three rooms (there may have uncontrollable disgust at his chicanery, ‘ 1 been a garret with a closet), of painted arrogance,ignorance and brutality, nothing ■ I plank construction, supported against the stronger than water ever passed my lips.” ; gable of a four story red brick house.” j This statement is flatly contradioted in let- All trace of it has disappeared, but the | ters still existing, and reproduced in the occupants were Poe and the two women. anti-Poe biographies. Griswold states that They kept no servant. Mrs. Poe, who had Poe was intoxicated when discharged-, and; married Edgar, her cousin, when she was said: “Burton—hie—you’re a fool.” Mr. R.. 14, raised fruit and flowers in front of the H. Stoddard, of New York, asserts m Lips [cottage, and Mrs. Cienim, her widowed pincott’s for January, 1889, that Poe pos¬ f:; mother, did the housework. The family sessed “a constitutional inability to distin- lived here over two years, until they moved ! guish between veracity and unveracity.” -'1 to a house on Seventh Street, above Spring . ! St-ange as it may seem, Burton and Poe 5 Garden, which is still standing and which ! soon became good friends again. Mr.. John > will be described further on. Sartain, in an Interview had with him for ■ Almost upon his arrival in Philadelphia, i the purposes of this article, said that he first Poe sought out William Evans Burton,then met Poe in 1840, when Burton made arrange¬ ’ publishing the Gentleman’s Magazine, and ments to sell his magazine to George R. < offered him some MSS. This Burton was \ Graham. Mr. Graham continued Poe in an >; an English actor and had achieved success editorial capacity uDon Burton’s recommen¬ \ in Philadelphia, both on the hoards arid dation. Burton told Sartain that the pro- | as a periodical publisher. Burton told Poe deeds of certain theatrical performances, ■ that he would “look over” the manuscript, [were being unfairly divided, and this, with' and was go pleased with it that he made 1 press of dramatic business, was tbe reason J he sold the Gentleman’s to Graham. The Poe a regular contributor, and six months, later he became Burton’s editor, at $10 a latter is now living, poor and infirm, at week, working two hours daily. The office Orange, N. J., and was one of the most j of the paper was at Bark Alley, now called potent factors in the development of Ameri¬ Lodge’wtreet, and Dock, the neighborhood can letters, and the very first man to pay. now occupied by the United States Gov¬ authors adequately in the United States,. ernment’s bonded warehouse and numerous The Gentleman’s and another publication or small saloons and tailor shops. Every day two were now merged into a new monthly. Poe went up and down and about the vi¬ Graham’s Magazine, which first appeared cinity, especially frequenting Chestnut late in 1840 or very early in 1841. Street, from Front to Third. ACQUAINTANCE WITH GRISWOLD. j The next year (1839) Poe got into his first About this date Poe became acquainted I serious literary mess. This was the pub¬ With Rufus W. Griswold, his “vampire.” lishing of a text book on conch ology,. at the pro-Poes call him. This Griswold | which tbe anti-Poes maintain he disgrace¬ was, it seems, originally a clergyman, but fully stole from an English work, and took to literature and was making money which the pro-Poes say was nis own from at it. He was the first to write a life of the first line to the last. The controversy Poe properly so called, and it was upon can be best followed in the biographies. strong anti-Poe lines. R. H. Stoddard says Then came ’ “Tales of the Grotesque and Griswold was never unfriendly to Poe, but Arabesque,” dated, however, the next year, Mr. Sartain said the other day that his own; 1840. About this time Poe, who had estimate of Griswold was at no time high,-, ' worked steadily for Burton and other pub» and that he does not think him reliable,; llishers, began interesting himself in cryto- Griswold’s subsequent bistory, as I got it | grams and cipher writings, performing from Mr. Sartain, is decidedly amusing.! J wonders in the solution of the most difficult The ex-minister was living in a bearding, ! problems. ■house at Eighth and Chestnut Streets, where; THE POET IN PROSPERITY. he met a lady, who had, it was believed; ?! The opening months of the year 1840 considerable money. Griswold made iove. [found Poe in a fairly prosperous condition. to her and the pair got married. Then | turned out that the lady had no money aft (His $10 weekly from Burton and what he all. and Griswold, in disgust, tried to get. at; learned in other directions, enabled him to divorce. Mr. Sartain was present while ! support his family comfortably, though some friends were discussing the matter. - (I modestly. He gave all his money to Mrs. “Let us hope that since Griswold got no Clemm,’ who managed the expenses. But money he at least got beauty,” said one. rify his unfortunate temper—the anti-Poes say “But he didn’t. She’s a perfect fright. his excessive drinking—got him into trouble Griswold drifted nowhere in particular with Burton. The two had a fierce quar¬ after that, and would probably never be rel. Poe called his employer “a black¬ mentioned by anybody werehnoLtffi-t the guard and a villain” and Burton retorted in pro-Poes roundly kind. Of course, the biographers fight this Ingram and a thief and a Jlemril went in search of him and_ brought After writing “The Murders in the Hue .he-truant home, helplessly maudlin. Mr. Morgue,” one of the most famous short William E. McCoy has his conveyancing stories ever produced and -which the Em¬ office on Spriug Garden Street, near the peror of China was lately reading in the corner of Seventh, and he related, a few course of his English studies, Poe tried days ago, that his preceptor and predeces¬ hard to get a Government position, saying; sor, Philip Wagner, had often told him be nad “battled with right good-will for) about Poe, and how the poet would make Harrison,” but even a $500 a year place his way to his home, more or less impeded was out of his reach. In sore straits hel by the tipsy state he was in. Mr. G.W. nest tried to induce Lea & Blanchard to Baily, of 541 North Seventh Street, is one reprint some of his tales, but they said it of the very few having personal knowledge would not pay. Since that time publishers; of how Poe’s house looked in the forties. all over the world have made money out ofi When the lady whose servant admits the those same stories, nearly all of which visitor into Poe’s former parlor, was told were written in Philadelphia. that the author of “The Raven” had lived The most important year of-roe’s life was, in her house years ago, she was surprised. perhaps, 1842. The first event was his The landlord is a Mr. Stokes, an invalid, discharge from Graham’s Magazine. The seldom in Philadelphia. His real estate is truth in this connection has never been in the hands of agents. The Survey Bu¬ printed, and is that Mr. Graham had em¬ reau shows the property to be registered in . ployed Charles J. Peterson to write stories the name of James Jones, who bought it ! and articles, and Poe conceived a violent May 22,1849. The little street bounding the dislike for the new man. Graham and house on the south was not officially put Peterson were sitting in the former’s office, upon the citv plan until 1883, when affidavit talking business, when in walked Poe. He was made that it had been open over twen¬ seemed nervous and joined in the conversa¬ ty-one years. There was a private school tion more or less disconnectedly. Soon he between Poe’s house and Spring Garden .and Peterson began contradicting each other ; Street between 1842 or 1844. and the-result was a wordy war during POE AS A LAW STUDENT. which Poe suddenly hurled a beer glass at Peterson’s head. Graham immediately dis¬ The year 1843 saw Poe going from bad to charged Poe. In the face of these facts worse. Although he had entered into part¬ Ingram, Gill, and all the pro-Poes main¬ nership with a prominent publisher, T. tain that he was not discharged, but sev¬ C. Clarke, to bring out “The Stylus,” and ered his editorial connection of his own free I F.O C. Parley was interested in the scheme, will. Mr.Graham told Professor A. II. it came to nothing. Meanwhile, he had Smyth, of the Central High School, that he discharged Poe, and Mr. Sartaiu said, become acquainted with a young literary in the interview above mentioned, that man named Henry Beck Hirst. Hirst be-1 Graham had said to him that Poe or Peter- longed to a family prominent at the Phila¬ so would have to go—the two could not get delphia bar, and had himself become a along together. lawyer in February of this year,living bow- Shortly before this time, or very soon . ever, by his pen, writing mostly poems. | ,after it, Poe left his Coate3 Street residence He proposed to Poe that they both become and moved to Seventh Street above Spring partners in the law. As a consequence,Poe Garden. The house still stands, but some¬ filled out and signed a blank form, and, what altered. To-day it is known as No. had himself registered in the District Court 530 N. Seventh Street, and is at the corner of Philadelphia, on July 19, 1843, as a stu-1 of Minerva “(formerly Wistar) Street. The dent of law, with H. B. Hirst for legal pre¬ poet began residing in it about October or ceptor. This fact has never been discovered November, 1842. In his day it belonged to by any biographer, pro-Poe or anti-Poe, j William M. Alburger.who bought it August and is now for the first time printed. 4, 1842, but on January 7, 1843, it became Young Hirst, who is barely named the property of Jesse White, who still in the most exhaustive life of Poe, owned it when Poe left Philadelphia, in lived to be 55, and died in 1874. 1844. Drink was his ruin as it was the ruin, rhoxnas C. Clarke, who became Poe’s of his student at law. Mr. Sartain, partner a little later, says: “The little gar¬ who was much surprised when told a day den in Summer and the house in Winter or two ago that Poe had registered under were overflowing with luxuriant grapa and Hirst’s legal preceptorship, tells how the other vines, and liberally ornamented with young lawyer would come into his engrav¬ choice flowers of the poet’s selection.” ing office and insist on treating him to ab- No sooner had they got settled in the ! Isinthe. Hirst had a way of pouring and new house than a terrible calamity hap¬ mixing the drink upon which he prided, pened. The girlish wife, singing in the himself. Inquiry in other directions show little parlor,ruptured a blood vessel and fell ’ that Hirst married well, but offended his unconscious. She was revived and medical wife and his father-in-law, and lost bis aid obtained. Improvement set in, but a prospects in that direction. - His poetry was year later the occurrence was repeated. in great demand once, especially "The This period bus been described by Poe Ballad of Ruth,”and“Rbein Wein Flagons,” himself as torturing. He alternated be¬ ..When the great Napoleon’s expatriated tween hope and despair, and wore himself! brother lived in Bordentown, he took a away watching in that little house beside great fancy to Hirst and often invited him her bed. She lingered, an invalid, for to dinner. But he lost favor there, too, in years, and, of course, her illness ate terri¬ some way. Poe, also, was singularly reticent bly into Poe’s earnings. He now began concerning his preceptor after leaving drinking heavily. He had no regular em¬ Philadelphia, and the whole matter has ployment, his wife’s condition was hope¬ remained more or less mysterious. Poe’s less, money scarce, his mind racked, age is given on the court records at thirty- Mrs. Clemm would every now and then two, and, as he made the declaration in make a visit to the pawnbroker. “Eddie,” as1 1843, the poet must have believed himself she called her son-in-law, got into the habit born in 1811, as stated by Phillips, and not of leaving by the side door on Wistar Street, in 1809, as stated by Ingram. then little more than a lane, and for hours Mr. Sartain has a sombre last recollec¬ he would wander about the streets, entering tion of Hirst—poor and wrecked, mentally public houses as he passed them until Mrs. and physically, trying to write a line of ■ 'wP W W&- poetry in a nivii wmeu, muttering way. | THE JHOTS RHD rioters 1 Young Hirst wrote a short life of Poe at Poe’s own request. Before the Stylus project fell through Poe How the Rowdy Gangs Which Ran With went to Washington to push it, but only got upon a spree there. He wrote to Griswold the Com"anies Started Rows and the 1 about this time for a loan of $5, ana the Firemen Were Drawn In—The Gangs |letter, still in existence, is a bitter pill for the pro-Poes. Mrs. Clemm and her and Their Sobriquets. l daughter, the invalid child-wife, were ut¬ terly destitute, and the mother applied to i the Ladies Aid-Society. Oue of its mem¬ The majority of the desperate and often bers visited the Seventh Street household, bloody firemen’s riots that disgraced the city bringing food, money, and other supplies. of Philadelphia about a quarter of a century Almost on top of this crisis Poe won $100 in a prize'competition for the best short ago were caused not by the direct act or in¬ story. clination of the volunteer firemen themselves. About August, 1844, after six years’' resi- They would be drawn into these fierce street I dence, Poe and his family of two left Phila- combats by the reckless and uncontrollable j delphia for New York, with a little trunk conduct of the gangs or clubs of rowdy boys I and just $10 in money. J LAST APPEARANCE IN PHILADELPHIA. aud half-grown men who identified them¬ Poe made his last visit to Pbiladephia in, selves with the different fire companies. 1849, very shortly before his tragic death. These clubs always had their headquarters or I Mr. John Sartain is the only person able to stamping grounds within touch of the en¬ 1 give an accurate account of the poet’s doings gine or hose house of the company to which j on that occasion,and his article on the sub- they considered themselves attaches, and ject, in Lippincot’s Magazine, some years when an alarm of fire would be given they ; ago, attracted attention all over the world. would be the first to rush to the engine or J When interviewed this week Mr. Sartain I kindly consented to reveal, as he remem- hose house to help get out the apparatus. I bered them, some of the facts in the case. When the company was returning from a “Poe, before visiting me,” he said, “had fire these worthies would generally gather ! evidently been drinking, and was picked themselves together and walk in solid pha¬ [ up by an officer. From Saturday till Mon¬ lanx, either on the pavement on in the day he was in Moyamensing,and bis expla¬ nation that it was in consequence of trying street, directly in the rear of the engine or to pass a counterfeit $50 bill was all imag¬ hose carriage, and it is needless to say they ination, I judge. My friend, Mr. Gilpin, would be ever on the qui vive for any excuse then mayor, recognized Poe among the for a fight. And when two fire companies i prisoners, and he was quietly and quickly were drawn into the broils the bad blood ■ released without a fine. “I distinctly recall his telling me of a thus engendered between them would grow I plot to kill him, and of the strange vision into a mortal hatred for each other, and for , he had while in Moyamensing Prison, and months and sometimes years afterwards the I his evident design of suicide.” companies, whenever they met, would fight Mr. Sartain graphically described the | omnibus ride he took with Poe from the like tigers, using stones, clubs, spanners, I corner of Ninth and Chestnut Streets out horns and often pistols in desperate en¬ | Callowhill where the latter turns in the di- counters that would often take place in I rection of Fairmount Bridge. Here they crowded principai thoroughfares of the city, | alighted and made their way up a steep and without interruption, for, be it remem¬ | flight of wooden steps almost to the fop of 'the reservoir. bered, there was no uniformed aud regularly ;,.j “While he was raving and talking,” con¬ drilled police force in those days, and the tinued Mr.Sartain, “I was in constant ex- isolated ward constables could no more stop ectation of seeing him attempt to dash a firemen’s riot than they could turn a cy¬ imself from the top to the bottom of that j dizzy height, and I watched him narrowly. clone from its path. Bad he made any'such move we should j both have been killed in the inky dark¬ The names adopted by these fighting gangs ness.” were more characteristic than poetical. The j However, they got down safely. Poe’s most dreaded and most murderous gang of 1 mind became clearer in a day or two, and all were the famous, or rather infamous, he left. Philadelphia,- after borrowing money “Killers No. 1.” This notorious band of outlaws was identified with the Moyamensing Hose Company, and for a considerable period 4 the gang held undisputed sway both night * and day, not only over the Fourth ward, but j over the southern portion of the city gener¬ ally. The “Killers” gang was not a large one, but every member of the organi¬ zation was a picked man, and each one had a record for committing some ! desperate deed. The headquarters of the gang was an old market house on Eighth street, near Catharine street, and || ■within a stone’s throw of the Moyamensing Hose House, and known as the “ Killers’ Market.” At one time the “Killers” had such a reign of terror that ordinary citizens ■ffonicfn'ot dare to pass by the Killers’ Market Sometimes the fights between these two com¬ at night time, and it is a positive fact that so panies, or their respective gangs, would be dreaded was the name of the “ Killers” that running battles. They might start together many timid uptown people would not venture to go home from a lire down town, and they south of South street in the day time. In ad¬ would commence fighting at once and keep it dition to being participants in many desper¬ up for a number of squares until they reached ate firemen’s fights,the Killers were midnight the point where they must necessarily sep¬ marauders, and they are credited with a arate. number of unprovoked murderous assaults. The killers held full sway until J.ohn D. The fighting nuisance was kept up for a | Keyser was appointed Marshal of Police with time in the district of Southwark by the I extraordinary powers. Marshal Keyser was “Eats,” the fighting gang of the Weccacoe a man of very large and powerful physique Engine Company, and the “ Bouncers,’ who and the most undaunted courage. He soon were adherents of the Weccacoe Hose Com¬ made his own name a terror to evil-doers, pany. The “ Eats ” were typical district of l and, backed by such aid as the authorities iurnished, he accomplished the Herculean Southwark rowdies, while the “Bouncers’ 6 task of checking the wild career of the were principally oystermen and what are j "Killers.” known as “ wharf rats.” These two gangs had many desperate combats. Other fighting I The most desperate firemen’s fights that the 1 t,aaas in the district of Southwark were the Killers took part in was when the memorable j “Skinners,” who ran with the 1 ranklin ^ “oupleasantness” broke out between the Ermine Company, and who had frequent Moyamensing Hose Company and the Frank¬ fights with the “Eats;” the ‘ Sutlers, lin Hose Company. The fighting gang con-: who did the fighting for the Marion Hose Company, and the “Earns” who were at¬ nected with the Franklin Hose Company tached to the Shiffler Hose Company, ihe was named the “Hyenas,” and it was com¬ latter company had some fights at one time posed of quite as desperate a set of young with the Moyamensing Hose Company, men as the Killers, hut they did not go on as when the “Bams” and “Killers came many murderous midnight expeditions as the together. The Hope Engine, a down-town Killers. Some of the battles between tho fire company, had a rowdy gang of followers, “Killers” and the “Hyenas,” or it might be known as the “ Stingers.” who used to be said between the Moyamensing and Franklin an annoyance to peaceable^_citizens_in the Hose Companies, were really deadly conflicts vicinity of Sixth and Fitzwater streets, but, and the combatants displayed a lion-hearted did not do much fighting, except occasional courage that would have made heroes of • spats with tho “Buffers” of the Marion them if shown in a -more commendable Hose. During the belligerent days of the old cause. On one occasion when the Frank- Fire Department tho district of Soutnwark1 liri Hose gang Tallied down Fitzwater had a number of lawless gangs scattered over| street to make au assault on- the Moya¬ H the. district, which were not particularly con¬ mensing Hose House the Killers planted nected with any fire company, but whicn| a small piece of artillery at Eighth and Fitz¬ were organized for fighting purpose,ana fought water streets, and using stones, scraps of iron, just for the fun of fighting. Among them pieces ot glass„etc., for ammunition, fired it were such euphonious sounding nomen¬ up Fitzwater street into the rapidly approach¬ clatures as the “Never Sweats,’ tlie hi- ing hut undaunted “ Hyenas.” Pistol shots boshers.” the “Tormentors.’ the Skull without number were exchanged between Crackers,” the “Cruisers,” the “Avengers, the opposing gangs, and when the fighf had ■ etc. S extended out Fitzwater street as far as Tenth street, a man known as “Sandy Giliis,” an In the southwestern portion of the city the adherent of the Franklin Hose, was shot while onlv fighting gang of any prominence was; he was fighting in tho centre of the street and known as the “Buffaloes,” and this gang wasi instantly killed. A number of men on both identified with and used to fight the battles j sides were wounded, but they were carried otF by their friends as fast as they were shot or j: of the Western Hose Company during the con- struck. This fight was a sample of many I tests of that company with the Franklin others that took place between these two no¬ Hose, Washington Engine, Philadelphia En¬ torious companies. gine and other companies. The “ Buffaloes’ was a strong gang and composed mainly of About the time the “ Killers ” and “ Hy¬ young men who worked in the brickyards enas’’were doing such bloody work down that were so numerous at that time in the town, the “Snappers” and “Bed Bugs’’were southwestern section of the city. In the imitating them in the northern part of the western part of the city the principal fight- city. The “Snappers” were a noted fighting in'' fire companies were tho Western Hose, gang, which ran with the Northern Liberty Good Will Hose, Philadelphia Engine and Western Engine. The gang that ran with Hose Company, and the “ Bed Bugs ” were the Western Engine was called the "Prairie loyal to the Northern Liberty Engine Com¬ Hens,” and the Good A ill Hose had a pany. A feud brought on between these notorious gang, the name of which the two strong companies by these gangs became writer does not remember. There was a very bitter one, and the most desperate a gang that infested the eastern part street fights were of continual occurence. of the Schuylkill river, from the line of the Chestnut street bridge southwards, Wheu a fire was over and the fire companies known as the "Schuylkill Bangers,” that would leave for home, one of these com¬ was as much of a terror to citizens of that panies would invariably lie in wait for thel section as the “Killers” were to the people of other, and when they came together peace- I the old district of Moyamensing. J he able citizens would have to get out of the Schuylkill Bangers did not take part in fire¬ way, and housekeepers near by would have I men’s fights, hut they infested what was to close their front doors and shutters. | (known as “The Gut,” tlie street running rduty without pay or reward of any kind, and (along the eastern shore of the Schuylkill the disgraceful fights were nearly always river. They were highway robbers and cut- brought on by graceless rowdies who never i throats, and it was as much as a man’s life worked to extinguish fires and never wort^ or at least his money—was worth to walk | equipments. along the “ Gnt ” at a late hour in the even¬ ing. This villainous gang would often com- :mit depredations in broad daylight owing to I the weak police protection of that day. j In the more central portion of the city, the (most noted and strongest fire company gangs (were the “ Gumballs ” and “ Pluckers ” of the Fairmount Engine Company, and the “ Hivers ” and “ Blossoms ” of the Good Will Engine Company. Some of the most exciting street fights that occurred during these days of firemen’s fights took place be¬ tween these rival clubs, representing, as they did, the two strongest fire companies in the city, the Fairmount and Good Will Engines. The Fairmount gang was mainly composed of butchers, while the Good Will was to a great extent made up of the hard-fisted sons of toil who worked at Baldwin’s Loco- I motive Works, or neighboring machine shops. 1 During one desperate fight between the I Fairmount P.nd Good Will, the handsome j engine of the Fairmount was. captured and its captors ran the machine out to Fairmount and over the old wire bridge, and threw it over a precipice down a stone quarry, where it was, of course, broken to pieces. During these days of firemen’s fights it was not an i udcommon thing for one company to capture ( the apparatus of another and destroy or dis- ' figure it. The Franklin Hose captured the .engine of the Washington Fire Company and Shattered it all up; the Philadelphia Engine took the carriage of the Good Will and threw it into the Schuylkill river at Sansom street wharf, and in one instance the costly car¬ riage of a hose company (name forgotten) was captured during a fight, and run to a lot I where it was set on fire and destroyed. HORACE BINNEY In’ YCUTH.

The Washington Engine Company had (three fighting gangs, known as the “ Bailers,” “ Clippers ” and “ Waynetowners,” and they HORACE BIMEY’S LIFE (used to figure in the fights between the “ Washey” and the Franklin Hose, Western HAMPTON I, CARSON WRITES OP THE illose, Philadelphia Engine, etc. The Hibernia Engine Company, although strictly speaking FAMOUS PHILADELPHIAN. not a fighting company, and with many well- known citizens on its roll of membership, had j two gangs or clubs that “run wid demachine,” R GREAT LEGAL CAREER and they were called “ Dock Street Philoso¬ phers” and “Privateers.” The United States Hose had a gang known as the “ Jumpers Tho Early Struggles and First Successes ot the Vigilant Engine Company had the the Leader of the Old Bar—A Young (“Swamp Bobins,” and the Diligent Engine (Company the “Canaries,” but “Canaries” Lawyer’s Visit to Him in His Old Age. j didn’t fight much. All the fighting fire companies had, and Twenty years ago, when I was reading law were proud of, what used to be called the “bully” of the company, or best fighting under the direction of the present oldest liv¬ man. They were generally large, very strong ing v member of the bar, who then occupied (men and noted for physical courage. Every- f the quaint one-storied brick office building on \ body in the city had heard of “ Baity Sowers ” the east side of Fourth street, opposite to (and “Coby Greer,” of the Fairmount Engine, Locust, where tho celebrated John Sergeant ,land other notables were “Jim Caldwell,” of ithe Washington Engine; “ Jack McGuen,” of was wont to receive his clients and his fees, : the Moyamensing Hose; “Jim Black,” of the I noticed that each day at high noon, with ' iFranklin Hose; “Frank Madden,” of the the most exact punctuality, a venerable man, •, Good Will Hose, and “Bill Brierly,” of the carefully muffled, but of commanding pres- Franklin Engine. | ence, slowly descended the steps of an ad¬ But it must be remembered that the regu¬ joining residence, attended by his daughter lar volunteer fireman was a conscientious (and a man servant, and made his feeble way I public servant, and knew nothing but his to a carriage in waiting and, after an absence J ever produced? 11c did more than any man of an hour, returned. I rarely caught more : of his day to gi'fo' us a government, and Chief Justice Marshall, in expounding the than a side view of bis features, but I noticed ; Constitution, applied Hamilton’s principles that his head was large, his chin prominent,' and illustrated them.” Ho spoke also'of his mouth fhm and that his shoulders, Washington and John Adams, and the Feder¬ t though bent, were of unusual breadth. alist party—“After all,” said he, “it was the “ There,” said my preceptor one morn¬ onlv honest party that we have ever had.” ing, “goes John Sergeant’s great com¬ We rose to go. “ Come and see my garden,” said he, approaching the window and point¬ petitor, Mr. Binney, for his daily drive.” ing to a broad expanse, for a city lot, of green I rose instinctively to my feet and gazed grass, bordered by beds of flowers and shaded reverently after him. My emotions were with old-fashioned trees and shrubbery. “I; those of awe, mingled with affection. His am very happy here, with my flowers and great professional reputation, his forensic books.” renown, his labors as a reporter of the deci¬ I never spoke to him again, although I often saw hi'nr during the remaining three years of sions of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, his life. To all except a few, a very few, he his services to the Bank of the United States was a stranger, a tradition belonging to a in Congress and his wonderful triumph in buried generation, a giant of the olden days, the Supreme Court of the United States over who more than forty years before had with- ] Daniel Webster in the Girard will case, were drawn from active practice. familiar to me—I had heard them talked Philadelphia is unjust to the leaders of her j over again and again by many persons now justly renowned bar. She suffers their lives dead—but beside these there was a tie of per¬ to go unwritten. A mortuary address or a sonal association which bound me firmly to brief biographical notice is all that she con-j him, for he had been my grandfather’s coun¬ cedes. Boston is more punctilious. When' sel in troublous times, and I had often read, Theophilus Parsons and Joseph Story and] among family papers, his legal opinions, clear, Jeremiah Mason and Benjamin Robbins Cur¬ concise models of legal diction, as well as[ tis died their memories were preserved in specimens of beautiful penmanship, written i volumes of suitable size and dignity. Yet by his own baud in days when clerks and! our leaders, Binney, Sergeant, Chauncey, typewriters and stenographers were unknown. Meredith, Sharswood and Cadwalader, were Realizing that at his great age—he was| their peers in legal learning and ability. then in his 93d year—he might die at any I Horace Binney was born on the 4th of moment, I begged my preceptor, who knew January. 1780, in the city of Philadelphia, in the neighhovhood of Front and Coates streets. him well, to obtain permission tor me to visit The United States has not then secured him, and great was my delight a few days from Great Britain the recognition of them after, when he said to me: “Let us go and independence. Yorktown had not been taken. see Mr. Binney.” 6 The soil of Wyoming was still wet with the Approaching his office, a building similar,) blood of Indian massacre. John Paul Jones, to that of Mr. Sergeant, though of somewhat on the deck of the Bon Homme Richard, had just won in a terrific fight with the Serapis,] greater height and breadth, and since then and the traitor Arnold, but three months be¬ absorbed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Com¬ fore, had plotted for the surrender of West pany for its offices, the door was opened in re¬ Point. The city of Philadelphia numbered sponse to three gentle taps, his private sig¬ but 35,000'souls, and the bar of Philadelphia nal. by Mr. Binney himself. had hut forty members, of whom Jasper Though bent by years, he still stood about Yeates, William Lewis, Moses Levy, Jona¬ than Dickinson Sergeant, Alexander Wil-j five feet eight inches high; his head was cocks, James Wilson and Jared Ingersoll covered by a black velvet skull cap, and his were the most eminent practitioners. Ed- gray eyes were bright and kindly; his voice J ward Tilghman, William Rawle, Peter S. was deep and melodious, and his enunciation, Dnponceau and Alexander James Dallas had though slow, was wonderfully distinct; his not been admitted; Tench Francis and John diction pure and graphic. His memory seemed Moland were but recently “ departed saints of to he perfect; there was not the slightest con¬ the law,” whose names had been inscribed by an unknown hand as “men with whom I fusion of thought, and his conversation, which j glided from men and events of a half a cen- [ have been at the bar ” on a leaf of the Con¬ turv before to those of time current, was j tinuance Docket of June, 1775. orderly and natural. He well remembered i my grandfather—“ My old friend and client,” At the time of Mr. Binney’s death the city said he, “and co-trustee in many matters ofj of Philadelphia had grown to a population in importance.” excess of 800,000—the bar numbered 1,200 Ascertaining that I was engaged in the ! men—and the nation was within less than a study of the law, he said: “ It is a noble pro¬ year of celebrating the centennial anniver¬ fession and worthy of the most ardent devo- | sary of the Declaration of Independence. To tion. You will find the road to success a hard one to travel; harder than in my day, | his mortal vision was vouchsafed many a for methods have changed and competitors scene in American history. As a child he are more numerous. But do not suffer your¬ may have trundled his hoop or thrown his self to become discouraged. For more than j all against the dignified person of the last eight years after my admission to the bar I j President of the Continental Congress. As a could not afford to stir my porridge with a sahooiboy he saw upon the graveled pave¬ silver spoon.” ment of the State House, congregated Observing that I noticed a bust of Hamil- j around the old woodeu watch box and ton over his desk he remarked: “AlexanderI pump, which stood almost where the Hamilton was the greatest man this country] statue of Washington now stands, or I Dr. Spring, a physician of Boston, he left fastenin'; tlicir saddle liorses to tho Philadelphia, attending school at Medford, i posts ou tlie opposite side of the street the J mi"htv statesmen who framed the. Constitu¬ 1 and from there entered the freshman class at j tion of the United States—the white-haired Harvard, graduating in 1797 and dividing the Franklin, the bigh-souled Hamilton, the ; first honors of his class. modest ret influential Madison, the boyish For a time he turned his attention to the Gilman and the majestic Washington. He I study of medicine, but, abandoning this, re- saw, as Mana-seh Cutler did, the Supreme I turned to Philadelphia shortly after the yellow , | Court of Pennsylvania sitting in the large fever had left it and sought employment in ! room to the west of Independence Hall, the i the mercantile house of Cunningham & Nes- S Judges in their robes of scarlet, the lawyers | bit. The counting room being full ho turned in black gowns, Chief Justice McKean pre¬ to the legal profession, and was received as a siding with his hat oii. according to custom, | student in the oflice of Jared Iugersoll, Esq., i which struck Parson Cutler as being very I then Attorney General of the State under 'odd aud derogating from the dignity of a Governor Mifflin. Of “my learned master Judge. He may have played pranks upon Joseph Fit, the aged doorkeeper, who lived in the law” Mr. Binney himself wrote many years afterwards: “In his full vigor, 1 in the attic of the western wing of the State which continued for nearly twenty years House, and who kept a cow “to consume the | after the year 1797, I regard him as j i herbage of tho State House yard He wit¬ nessed the second inauguration ot Washington, having been without comparison the most 1 efficient manager of an important jury trial land the inauguration of John Adams, as | among all the able men who were then at the President. At 16 he may have strolled into bar of Philadelphia.” With such a preceptor, I the old building at Sixth and Chestnut streets who met in combat such antagonists as Lewis, j and listened to the debates between Madison the elder Tilgliman, Bawle and Dallas, and land Fisher Ames, or viewed, with some pro¬ with John B. Wallace, John Sergeant and phetic in tuitions ofliis own future professional Charles Chauncey as his fellow-students and career, John Jay and Oliver Ellsworth ill the friends, he improved the unusual opportuni¬ robes of the Chief Justice of theTTmted States ties afforded him for study and observation, at the southwest corner of Fifth and Chest¬ and at the end of two years or more of ap- i nut streets. The naval triumphs of the war prenticesbip was admitted to the bar of the of 1S12 were among the proudest recollections Common Pleas on the 31st of March, 1800, | of his early manhood, and while as an octo¬ though then but little over 20 years of age, [ genarian his undimmed eyes saw the land and at the March term of 1802 was admitted j Irent with civil strife, and the Constitution m to the bar of the Supreme Court of the State. mortal peril, yet he lived to rejoice over the return of peace and the complete rc-establisn- At this time the court was presided over | ment of a harmonious Union. Fortunate 1 senex, tua rum manebunt. Happy old man . by Chief Justice Shippen, who had acquired I before the grave could claim you, the immor- wealth in the colonial days as a Judge of the 1 tality of your country had been assured. Vice Admiralty, of marked Tory proclivities during the war, and the father of the re¬ j Mr. Binney was of English and Scotch de¬ nowned belle, Peggy Shippen, the devoted scent. Hrs grandfather, Barnabas Binney, wife of the renegade Arnold; the associates , was a shipmaster and merchant of Boston, were Jasper Yeates, who has given to the whose ancestor, John Binney, with his wife profession four volumes of the decisions of , I Mercy, had left Hull, Boston Bay, in Eng- his court, Thomas Smith, a forgotten jurist, ! land, in 1680, and settled in Hull. Massachu¬ but whose opinions indicate ability and judg- j setts. His father, also named Barnabas, was ment, aud the brilliant but eccentric Hugh ! j a surgeon iu the Continental army, aud after H. Brackenridge, whose odd scraps of learn- | ! his transfer from the Massachusetts to the ing, quaint style and a fondness for Latin i quotations and heathen poetry constitute a j | Pennsylvania line settled in Philadelphia, style without model or imitation in judicial , 1 where in 1777he married Mary, the daughter literature. of Henry Woodrow, a gentleman of Scotch ancestry. From his father Mr. Binney iu- For some years Mr. Binney had a most j j herited a talent for ease and elegance of ex¬ meagre clientage. The business was ab- j pression both in writing and speaking, and sorbed by the older men, but he had patience j i from his mother a turn for wit and humor and industry, and assiduously attended the ! and an impressive and dramatic manner. He attended school at the Friends’Alms¬ courts, watching the course of trials and the ■ > house, in Walnut street, below Fourth, the demeanor of experienced practitioners. In i scene of the closing pages of Longfellow’s 1S04 ho married Miss Cox, of Trenton, N. J., ■ ,i “Evangeline.” Subsequently lie entered the the daughter of Colonel John Cox, a Bevolu- | grammar school of the University ot Ponn- tionavy officer. In 1806 he served a single \ sylvauia, hut upon the death of his father, year in the Legislature of the State, but de¬ | when he was but eight years of age, he was clined a re-election. He had presented ' sent to Bordentown, N. J. Here his attain- memorials of the Chamber of Commerce and iments, especially in Greek, commanded the one for the incorporation of the United ' attention of his teachers, while his conduct States Insurance Company, and these brought j made him a model of deportment. In 1791 him in contact with merchants and under- I ' I be returned to liis mother’s house, then on writers, and he soon found himself employed the north side of Market street, below Sixth, in insurance cases. His first argu¬ immediately opposite to the residences of ment before the Supreme Court was in : General Washington, the President of the ; an unimportant action of trespass to recover 1 United States, and Alexander Hamilton, damages for the removal of a fence (Godshall then Secretary of the Treasmy, and often v. Marian, 1 Binney, 352—A. D. 1808), in : witnessed the imposing and stately cere¬ which lie was unsuccessful. His second monies which were remnants of colonial days. cause was one of note (Gibson v. the Phila¬ delphia Insurance Company, 1 Binney, 405— Upon his mother’s Second marriage with A. D. 180S), including the application of prin- ciples but little Kuown to the calculation of an average loss upon the amount of moneyi and. in an argumeuFoT'marked al.iRlyTsuF-1 loaned upon respondentia. In this case, ceedcd in establishing a principle of much which he conducted successfully against his i importance to our intcr-State relations, that eminent preceptor, he owed his selection asj a corporation aggregate, composed of citizens sole counsel to the friendship of Mr. Edward of one State, could sue a citizen of another' Tilghman, and in fitting terms, fifty years1 later, he expressed his gratitude to his patron: State in the Federal courts. for this most timely and substantial aid. It Aside from liis high moral character and was some years, however, before he entered his intellectual gifts of clearness and force, upon full practice, and in the meantime he lie excelled in the thoroughness of his prepare I prepared and published six volumes of re¬ ation, in painstaking and accurate examina-1 ported decisions of the Supreme Court from tions of legal authorities, for which, under j 1793 to 1814. owing his selection for this the happy temper of the time, he had abund¬ work to Chief Justice Tilghman. ant leisure. No surpmons by telegraph to distant cities or hourly distractions l>v tele¬ As a reporter he has never been surpassed. phone annoyed him. Serene and undisturbed, His rigid and accurate analysis, his clearness in the midst of a silence unbroken by the of vision aud comprehensive grasp of facts whistle of the locomotive or steamboat. ' and legal principles, his power of statement he pursued his studies and mastered' and skill in the arrangement of matter have the mysteries of the common law, and when, owing to the dearth of de¬ defied successful rivalry. !For six years he cisions, and the absence of statutes, he found was in intimate association with the Supreme it necessary to aid the Sudges in shapiugaj Bench and bar of the State and earned the common law of ouiiown, he found frequent op¬ respect and confidence of both. portunities of applying in practicethe maxim In those days he was unaided hv printed of the English Judge. Willes—who had once briefs or “paper books,” and was obliged to said in defense of judicial legislation:! correspond with both Judges and lawyers in ‘Private justice, moral fitness and public ; relation to their notes and opinions. Great convenience when applied to a new subject, and material was the assistance supplied by make common law without a precedent; the Chief Justice, and warm and lasting was much more so when received and approved the intimacy which sprang up between them. by usage.” Hampton L. Cakson. A most curious and notable case in which Mr. Binuey distinguished himself in his earlier career, was one in which he was se¬ I V lected to aid his preceptor, Mr. Ingersoll, as Attorney General, in prosecuting Frederick Eberle and others for illegally conspiring to¬ gether by all means lawful and unlawful, with their bodies and lives, to prevent the intro¬ duction of the English language into the ser¬ vice of St, Michael’s and Zion’s Churches, be¬ longing to the German Lutheran congrega¬ tion in the city of Philadelphia. The defend¬ LAW Iff BINNEY’S TIME! ants had viewed with alarm the decay of their national tongue, and its disuse in the service of the church, and had expressed their “live¬ MR. CARSON WRITES OF THE OLD SU¬ liest displeasure on the inconsiderate under¬ PREME COURT. taking of introducing a strange language in ourehurclies, binding themselves by a solemn written compact to resist it. Violence, assault and battery, riot and bloodshed followed, ITS EARLY PECULIARITIES aud they were indicted and tried before Mr. Justice Yeales at a Nisi Prius Court held in 1816. The Period of the Development of the Com¬ They were defended with great spirit and mon Law in Pennsylvania—judges and skill by Moses Levy and William Eawle, hut were speedily convicted. The speech of Mr. Decisions—Feeling Against the Aristo- j Binney. which was fully reported, was cratic Bench—The British Statutes. marked by the calmness and clearness of a judicial utterance. The case was subse¬ quently carried to the Supreme Court, and As Mr. Binney’s career was in a certain the principles of the prosecution—that the sense an epitome of the legal life of his day. government of religious bodies should not be it will be interesting to note some striking determined by conspiracies to resort to vio¬ features in practice, doctrine, customs aud so¬ lence—were fully sustained. cial conditions which at that time constituted At this time Mr. Binney had been seven¬ a part of the framework of the State, but | teen years at the bar. He had argued about which have long since been most happily ( thirty cases before the Supreme Court of his supplanted by material of later growth. State, and it is reassuring to those, ambitious The Supreme Court, consisting of four; to follow in his footsteps, but discourged by Judges, while sitting at Nisi Prius, which the ) frequent failures, to note that his defeats uninitiated will understand means conduct? equaled his victories in number. He had ing jury trials, exhausted its strength and I also argued his first case (Bank vs. Deveaux, delayed its action most wastefully by insist-1 5 Cranch, 61) before Chief Justice Marshall, ing that all the Judges must take partin aj 145 h

jlo trial. The bar and the people wero much dissatisfied and remonstrated loudly. As soon as Chief Justice Tilghman ascended But one Judge, and he the youngest and'one the bench the discontent with the Judiciary whom his generatlou pronounced eccentric, seemed to subside. By a series of acts relat¬ ! saw the evils flowing from delay, and felt con¬ ing to the courts, favored by Governor Mc¬ vinced that the prevailing practice was a Kean, Circuit Courts were abolished and the copious source of delay. He argued in vain Judges of the Supreme Court were no longer j that ‘‘As four men. cannot walk four miles required to sit in banc at jury trials. The j sooner than ono man, it is of no uso to have State was redistricted and justice brought four as to the effect of expediting the jour- nearer to every man’s door. . The Distrieji l ney.” Chief Justice Shippen and his associ¬ Court for the city and county of Philadelphia ates, Yeates and Smith, would smile solemnly was established and remained in useful and at the vagaries of the brilliant Brackinridge, respected existence until 1874. This gave great relief to the' Court of Common Pleas', and treat them with indifference. When a and “ by such tail race, so to speak,” as one paper was offered in evidence, it had to bo of the Judges of that day put it, " the wheel read by the Chief Justice, who made a note of of this court continued no longer to wade, as it and then passed it to the second Judge, the phrase of the millers is.” who read and took notes also. The third always copied the instrument, and by the The critical duty of reporting the British, time it came to Brackinridge he found such a statutes in force in Pennsylvania was suc¬ display of impatience on the part of the bar cessfully performed by the Judges of the aud jury that he was led to dispense with Supreme Court—a service little appreciated looking at it at all, and to content himself at this day, but exacting an accurate knowl-. | with catching the substance from the argu- j ments of counsel, which placed him at a great edge of our colonial legislation and of the disadvantage. practice and administration of the law in provincial days, without the light of reported Notes of the testimony of witnesses were cases, and requiring also familiarity with the written law of England, its history, both taken down at groat length, aud there was a political and legal, and a knowledge of the constant cry of “ wait until! I take that impressions which it had given to and re- j down.” Books were brought in and cases ceived from the common law during the read in full upon arguments, while the course of many centuries. speeches of counsel were built upon the in¬ A result of great and lasting importance to genious plan “ that ideas must be diluted to the commercial prosperity of the State was reached in the caso of Carson vs. Blazer (2 the proper remunerating strength.” He was Binney, 475, A. D. 1810), by which it was an¬ hut an indifferent speaker, and a counsel but nounced that the English legal definition of poorly supplied with forensic ammunition, a navigable stream as one in which the tide who could not contrive to satisfy his client ebbs and flows, was too narrow to apply to ! that he had earned his fee by a speech of at our great water highways. Thus were the j least three days’ length. The Judges, too, it large rivers of the Commonwealth, at points far beyond the reach of the tide, opened to was complained, were so closely connected the work of public improvement and rescued by affinities as to seem to be but one person ; from the selfish and conflicting claims of ! while independent of the people they were riparian owuers. '■< not independent of each other. From wealth and relationship and supposed political sym¬ The usefulness of the statutes of limita- pathies they represented the aristocracy of | tions as acts of mercy and repose was vindi- I the Commonwealth and leaned in the con- j struction of statutes to the inequality of | cated, while the laud laws were brought into estates and conditions. “It is impossible,” | a harmonious and well-rounded code. The | said ono of their critics, “that a man of doctrines of treason and the consequences of wealth and powerful connections should not the attainder act of March G, 1778, upon the consider these of better mould or meliore luto fortunes of the unhappy Tory, Joseph Gallo-, than the bulk, and have a leaning, perhaps way, were considered in the case of Lessee of j imperceptible even to a good man. in favor of Pemberton vs. Hicks (1 Binney, 1, A. D. j people who keep carriages, and who enter- i tain and are entertained by him.” 1799), where it was held that a man who h committed treason and become attainted d The temper of the times displayed itself in not forfeit to the Commonwealth his curtesy struggles to throw off the judiciary and oc¬ interests iu the lands of his wife, but the casionally to throw off the law. Editors ! wife’s estate was discharged from any such 1 who had been in the habit of arraigning ! claim. The ancient learning of Littleton and characters at their bar did not relish appeals of Coke was explored to its sources in the i to the courts in cases of libel, so that the I feudal system, while Mr. Justice Smith, in"-*®- ! common law soon became the subject of dissenting opinion of remarkable legal a literary merit, uphold the doctrine of fo; j defamation. Batteries were erected in every ! feiture as a merciful and humane provisl county and gazettes poured hot shot into it. of the law, compelling men of restless, morb What was common law seemed to be uncer¬ and perverted ambitions or desperate f( tain and could not he understood. Learning tunes, to pause to consider the consequeno j itself began to be regarded as a disquali- before involviug innocent wives and childr | fication for office, at least for the Legislature, in the pangs of their guilt. | and good sense, with or without a knowledge ' of legal rules, was regarded as sufficient for Slavery, although not filling a large por the determination of questions of property. | tion of the public eye because slowly fading Hence a marked increase in the jurisdiction | away under the operation of the act of March of Justices of the Peace aud the system of ; 1, 1780, for its gradual abolition, still existed arbitration. 146

in substantial form. The Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, a Maryland man by birth, was himself an owner of slaves, though his consisted in binding the offensive old woman humanity led him to emancipate four in 1811, in a chair upon a flexible board and plunging her three times into dirty water, or placiug and provide for the gradual emancipation of j thirty-four others in such a manner as to her in a bucket aud running her into a river accomplish that result in 1835. Questions of on wheels, was declared to be illegal, and con¬ slavery, at times irritating, avose so fre¬ trary to the mild and humane principles of quently, however, that Chief Justice Tilgh- our State system of penal law. With extra-}, man declared himself compelled by the nature ordinary learning and much humor, Mr. p of his office to decline to take part in a public Justice Duncan proceeds to show that the meeting which had been called upon the suggestion as to the formof punishment first I Missouri question. It may seem strange to came from the revengeful ieelings of the} meet with decisions of the Supreme Court of learuod Bracton who wrote in the reign of | Pennsylvania upon such a topic as slavery, Henry II., and having published a book in; hut as a matter of interest in passing we note which he stated that a husband might casti-} the following judicial determinations relat¬ gate his wife with a switch no thicker than ing not to the reclamation of fugitives from his thumb, was seized by the women of the ! Southern States, but dealing with the institu¬ town in which lie lived and was ducked in a tion as actually imbedded in and existing horso pond. He pointed out that the race of j upon Pennsylvania soil. witches and scolds had become extinct when Chief Justice McKean in the case of Belt v. the law ceased to hang aud burn witches and Dalby (1 Dallas, 167) declared “property in a dnek the scolds. Fine and imprisonment I negro may be obtained by a bona fide pur¬ alone can be lawfully imposed' in Pennsyl-1 chase without deed.” vania on a hoarse and coarse female reviler In Wood v. Negro Stephen (1 S. & R. 175, of her neighbors. James vs. Commonwealth A. D. 1814) Chief Justice Tilgbman held that (12 & and E. 220, A. D. 1825). the claim of a negro to freedom under his mother who had been manumitted by will, Lotteries were common means of promot¬ was not to be prejudiced by the refusal of a ing charitable, social, political, literary or re-1 Court of anotiier State to grant freedom to ligious enterprises, and though horse racing, his grandmother, who claimed to have been manumitted by the same will. gambling and profane swearing, and viola-! tions of the severe old Sunday law of the 22d In Commonwealth v. Holloway (2 S. & E. of April, 1794, were sternly discountenanced, I 305, A. D. 1816), it was held that birth in Jews and others who kept the seventh day as Pennsylvania bestowed freedom on the child their Babbath being subject to penalties for! of a slave who had absconded from another doing worldly business on the Christian Sab¬ State before pregnancy; while in pursuance bath, yet lotteries were for a time carefully of the spirit of the statute for the gradual nursed, the only requirement being that the abolition of slavery, it was held in Butler v. ticket must be fairly sold, the drawing of the Dclaplaine (7 S. & E. 378, A. D. 1829), that prize be honest, and that if a man by the i continued residence in Pennsylvania for six name of Burrall should be charged in an in-1 months, with the consent or connivance of dictmentas Burrill for selling tickets of anyi the master, would entitle a slave to freedom. lottery not authorized by law, the indictment' I Bnt when the celebrated Langdon Cheves, was bad. It would be equally as dangerous to indict Leigh for Lee, Caldcleaugh for Cal-' famous as a Southern statesman and once clew, Duncan for Dunkin, Tallifer for Talia¬ Speaker of the National House of Eepresenta- ferro, or Chumley for Cholmondley. (Com¬ tives, removed with his family for a tempo¬ monwealth vs. Gillespie, 7 S. & R. 469.) rary residence in Germantown, carrying A case of great and notable importance to with him a domestic slave, it was held that the, morality of the Commonwealth is to be; the slave who during the recess of Congress found in that of Updegraph vs. Common-j attended the family of hismaster in this State wealth (11 S. & E. 394, A. D. 1824), where, for a period of more than six months, did not upon an indictment for blasphemy, Mr. Jus-1 acquire h;s freedom, the residence being sim¬ tice Duncan used these remarkable words: ply temporary. Commonwealth ex rel. negro “Christianity, general Christianity, is and! Lewis v. Holloway, 6 Binnev, 213 (A. D. i always has been a part of the common law of 1814.) " ' Pennsylvania; Christianity, without the In Scott v. Waugh (15 S. & E. 17, A. D. spiritual artillery ot European countries: 1826), we have an interesting instance of a ' for this Christianity was one of the consider¬ testamentary disposition of a slave by will, ations of the royal charter, and the very basis while in Commonwealth v. Clements (6 Bin- of its great founder, William Penn; notl ney, 203, A. D. 1S13), we have the power of a Christianity founded on any particular1 married slave woman to bind herself by deed tenets; not Christianity with an established to a service of a personal character for a term church, and tithes and spiritual courts, but; of years in consideration of her freedom. Christianity with liberty of conscience to all men.” In Marchand v. Negro Peggy (2 S. & E. 18, It was amid such scenes, and in the dis-| A. D. 1S15), Chief Justice Tilghmau sus¬ cussion of such questions besides those of the tained a registry of a slave saying, “ I know law merchant and law maritime, born of the that freedom is to be favored, but we have no war of 1812, that Horace Binney gradually right to favor it at the expense of property. The only just mode of extirpating the small! remains of slavery in the State would be by, purchasing the slaves at a reasonable price, I and paying their owners out of the public treasury.” 'W. V 147

( •‘First. A copy of the Holy Bible. .be toremost place at the bar. Much • ‘Second. A copy or the Declaration of In¬ of his work was done in the Federal courts dependence, willi fac simile of signatures i before Richard Peters, the United States Dis¬ thereto. , ,Tt, i r-/1 nddrpflS to his trict Judge, and Bushrod Washington, the countrymen. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the “Fourth. A copy of the Const itution of the j-United States, and held the Circuit Court— j United States of America, with the names the former the witty proprietor of Belmont, lof the President and heads of depart¬ who, while deciding questions of admiralty ments. “Fifth. A copy of the Constitution of Penn¬ law, of prize, of salvage, of jettison and in- sylvania, with name of Governor and prin- surance with intelligence and ability, would ■ clpal officers. I not hesitate to set t he court room by the ears “Sixth. A copy of the Digest of the Acts of ibv exclaiming from the bench, as he looked the Assembly and Ordinances for the Gov¬ 'out of his window and saw a Conestoga ernment ot the District. wavon lumbering into town, “I believe that < ‘Seventh. A list of names of the members wagon has come a long distance becausd the of the Board of Commissioners and officers wheels look so thoroughly tired ’’—the latter ol this district. la model of judicial gravity, dignity and de¬ “Eighth. A copy of the specifications for corum. whose transcendent merits as a Judge, the erection of this hall. were admirably portrayed by Mr. Binney, as “Ninth. Specimens of the decimal coinage wo shall see when we approach the distinct- of the United Stales, viz.: One eagle, or 810: tivelv literary part of his career. od0 dollar, or 10 dimes; one dime, or 10 Hampton L. Carson. cents; one cent, or 10 mills; one-half cent. “Tenth. Copies of some of the newspapers ot the day. “The architect of this hall is William Johnson. “The contractor. Jacobs. Shultz. • •His sureties, Michael Hates, William A. Heiring. • •This building is to be completed by the contractor in one year from the date of the contract, for the sum of 827,065.” In the box were found the various matters specified on the scroll, among them being a rM EM OKIES OF THE PAST. copy of the Public Ledger, of July 12,1817. The paper was in an excellent state ot preser¬ vation, measuring 17 b.v 22% inches, hav¬ |FINDING OF THE fORNER-STONE OF OLD ing 28 columns, 21 of which were occupied by advertisements. The leading features SPRING GARDEN HALL were “A Letter trom a Pennsylvania Vol¬ unteer In Mexico,” dated June7, and “The Baptism of Henry Clay,” both of which Relics That Coll to Mind the Men and occupied conspicuous places on the first Conditions of a Half Century Ago—Be¬ page. Other Important heads were “The ginning of the Foundation for the New Money Market,” “Varieties,” “Local Girls’ Normal School. Affairs, ’ “Things in New York” and “ From Washington. ” Fastened to the parchment scroll was a I The fact that the magical touch of the statement showing the growth ot the Dis¬ builder Is alike powerful in obliterating the trict of Spring Garden from the date of In¬ past and perpetuating the present was sig¬ corporation, 1S13, until the corner-stone nally illustrated yesterday, when the corner¬ laying, 1847. Beside the books and papers mentioned in stone of Spring Garden Hall, replete with the scroll, there were found the constitution reminiscences of the old District of Spring and by-iaws of tbe Native American Re¬ Garden, at Thirteenth and Spring Garden publican Association of the Second Ward, streets, was uncovered and the first stone of Spring Garden; constitution and by-laws of the foundation for the new Girls’ High or Pennsylvania Camp, No. 3, of the United Normal School was laid. The corner-stone Sons of America; constitution and by-laws was Imbedded In the four-loot foundation of Spring Garden Council, No. 38, of the wall at the southeast corner of the hall, Ancient Order of United American Me¬ about a foot from the cellar floor. A slab of chanics; report of Joint Watering Comrrrft- i Italian marble, which was accidentally tee of Northern Liberties and Spring Gar¬ broken by the workmen, covered a lead- den Water Works; officers of the Mint of cemented enclosure, In which was a leaden the United States, Philadelphia, and a list bos. of tne members of the police force ot Spring When the box was opened a parchment Garden District. I roll was discovered on the top of news¬ The Native American Republican Asso¬ papers, coins, and other mementoes of ciation of the Second Ward ol Spring Gar¬ the ceremonies incident to the corner¬ den occupies an unique position in the pol¬ stone laying, nearly a half century ago. itical history of Philadelphia, since It was The parchment roll read as follows: tne first organization of the party in the '•This corner-stone of a Public Hall, for city, and this element soon dominated the the use of the Commissioners and inhabit¬ District of Spring Garden, the Native ^ ants of the District of Spring Garden, was American stronghold. The old district took ■; laid on the twelfth day of July, In the year its name from the village ot Spring Garden, of our JLord one thousand eight hundred originally a part of the District of Northern | and forty-seven, with appropriate cere- Liberties, and was Incorporated in 1813, mony, In the presence of the Board of Com¬ the original boundaries belDg Sixth, missioners and the citizens of said district, Broad and Vice streets, and Hickory lane. by the President of the said Board, Robert The electors of the district came together - T. Fry. Immediately after and elected 12Commis- \ < ‘There Is deposited with this scroll In this sioners at the school house of the Spring corner-stone: Garden Association, which is still staudlugj tyer Illustrated at the northeast corner ot Eighth and But¬ tonwood streets. This building became the in This Celebrated Case, Which Gave Him tirst District Hall. Subsequently the Com¬ missioners purchased the lot at the north-1 a World-Wide Reputation After Ke Had east corner of Vine and .Ninth streets, j Retired Prom General Practice. whereon they erected a Commissioners’ ] i Hall and a house lor the storage of hose, etc., lor the Are companies. On The period of Mr. Binney’s career now July 19, 1847, an ordinance was passed nnder review is one of great interest to all duthorizing;the issuing of certificates of a loan to he applied toward the erection of a students of our legal and political institu-i new hall for the District ol Spring Garden. | tions. It was one of formation and creation. I The lot chosen was at the northwest corner The separate streams of our State and na¬ of Thirteenth and Spring Garden streets. tional life, tinctured by strong infusions from j The building was constructed with rapidity and finished in 1818. It was the largest and colonial and provincial days, were now being most elegant Commissioners’ Hall in the directed by strong hands and wise heads into j connty, and extended from Spring Garden their appropriate channels. The nature and ex-; street, near the line of Thirteenth, north¬ tont of Federal jurisdiction was traced in bold ward to Brandywine street. The first story was lor offices. The Commissioners’ room and striking outlines by Marshall, Story and . was in the second story. In front of Washington. Mr. Duponceau had just pub¬ the story lrom the ground was a base¬ lished his “Dissertation Upon the Juris-j ment, and a fine Grecian portico rose diction of the Courts of the United States,”! above it. The building was surmounted by a and had read an admirable sketch of steeple built by Jacob Berger, in which there was a clock made by T. Tyson. At the Constitution before the Law Acad-J the consolidation of the city districts this emy of Philadelphia, of which he was the building was appropriated for some time for Provost. The veteran leader, William Eawie, 1 the purposes of a station house. At a later had published a treatise upon the Constitu¬ period it was occupied as the office of the Spring Garden Gas Works, and by the tion, and this was followed by a most elab- 1 Water Department of the city. Alter the orate work from the pen of Thomas Sergeant i war, Post 2, Grand Army of the Republic, upon the same subject. In the broad j secured the hall on the second floor for its and fruitful field of equity jurisprudence, | headquarters. Chief Justice Tilghman, aided by the learned, i During its history as Commissioners’ Hall the building was the centre of the political pure minded and laborious DuncaD, and the life of the district. Here public meetings young giant Gibson, whose mental sinews were held when such men as Lewis C. Levin stretched themselves with ease to the task of! were the speakers. Here, too, justice was lifting and shaping ponderous problems, was . dispensed, the culprlis going from the com¬ mitting alderman’s room on the second floor now engaged upon the most conspicuous of to the one-story jail building, facing Bran¬ his achievements—the expansion, develop¬ dy wine street, in the rear of the hall. ment and illustration of our mixed system of The new normal school will not only cover common law and equity, without the aidj the site of the old Spring Garden Hall, but to be derived from a separate chancery will also spread over the sites of three large residences adjoining on the west, and run¬ jurisdiction—a system which provoked ning from Spring Garden to Brandywine the Tidicule of the learned Maryland street, the aggregate space being 178 by 100 jurist, Dr. Hoffman, wise in his own ieet. The contractors lor the school are council, who stigmatized it as “a hybrid | Johnston & Byrens, both of whom were monster, with all the vices and none of the j present yesterday when the first louudation virtues of both parents,” but which, as it con- j stoue was laid. James Porter, who has the tinued to grow uuderthe nurturing care of contract for demolishing the old structures the sagacious and conservative Tilghman, j and making the excavations, superintended displayed unsuspected merits and beauties, the uncoveriog of the corner stoue of the old District Hall. / / and approached, with but slight and com-: p—I-——- -i * "Sffl paratively few aids from the Legislature, that perfect fusion of law and equity, which was deemed by English jurists as late as the V Supreme Court of judicature act in 1872, to be the consummate flower of jurisprudential i wisdom. In New York, Chancellor Kent; in Massachusetts, Theophiius Parsons; in South Carolina, Chancellor Dessaussure, were engaged in similar labors. Slowly, but surely, | a. L did the great structure of American juris- ] prudence rise under the hands of these build¬ ers.

In this work Mr. Binney bore his full share. BINNEY’S GREAT CASE Without pausing to dwell minutely upon his ! labors, it is sufficient to notice three great | causes—Presbyterian Corporation v. Wallace \ HIS MEMORABLE DEFENSE OF STEPHEN (3 Eawle’s Rep. 109, A. D. 1S31), Lancaster v. j GIRARD’S WILL. Dolan (1 Rawle’s Rep. 231, A. D. 1829) and Ingersoll v. Sergeant (1 Wharton’s Rep. 336, A. D. 1836). , A VICTORY OVER WEBSTER In the first it was held that a Sheriff’s sale of a part of mortgaged premises under a judg- i ment on the mortgage obtained after the de- | 149

was tins that caused his opinions in matters of difficulty to be so frequently sought and gavo to bis conclusions a finality which was rarely disputed. His learning was ample, his legal vision piercing and unerring, his I methods of reasoning close and logical, his stylo luminous and exact, lacking perhaps I the sinewy strength and imaginative power of Gibson, who in a single sentence would illu¬ minate a dark subject, butembodviug the best qualities of Mansfield, Eldon and Sir William Grant. His arguments at the bar continued to be the best that were made, unmarked by the prolixity of Sergeant or the dryness of Chauncey, hut rising to a dignified and chaste eloquence, which, aided by a most melodious voice and imposing presence, never ceased to charm if it failed to convince. His lofty conception of the functions of jurisprudence raised him above the pettiness—too frequent in other men—of forensic disputation, and made him a veritable oracle of the law.

But once—and that at a time when his health was somewhat broken by incessant

HORACE professional exertions—did Mr. Binney turn | to public life. In 1832 he accepted a nom¬ feudant had sold the premises exonerated ination for Congress, was triumphantly land sold from the lien of the mortgage, elected, but served but a single term. The though the mortgage was Dot yet due and no war between General Jackson and the default had been made, and that in such case the property not sold remained liable for its Bank of the United States was at its proportionate part of the mortgage debt. height, and the friends of the latter were In the second, the Court, breaking away anxious to secure the benefit of Mr. Binney’s | from the bonds of English precedents, estab¬ services upon the floor of the House lished the rule, which has become one of the of Representatives, as they had frequently fundamental principles of our law, that dene in the court room. The speech which he where, either by deed or will, an estate had made upon the attitude of the Executive been settled for the separate use and benefit toward the doomed institution, although in¬ of a married woman, she had no powers of effectual in its results, met the highest^ ex¬ disposition or of management except such pectation of his friends and commanded the as were expressly granted to her. These disa¬ admiration and respect of his political foes. So anxious was the President to learn the bilities were imposed upon her for her own nature of the attack upon the administration protection against the debts, the persuasions, the entreaties or the wiles of her husband, to be made by this renowned leader of the and when, in many instances, she found her¬ far-famed Philadelphia bar that he sent a friend into the gallery of the House to note self unable to sell, to mortgage or to pledge her estate, because unauthorized by the in¬ ! the tone and demeanor of the speaker and to strument which embodied her father’s pro¬ 1 report the character of his argument. “He vision for her, the event proved, however was very severe upon you,” was the message, awkward or embarrassing in the face of a re¬ “but he spoke with the dignity of a gentle¬ quest for a loan from a husband who had man and a great lawyer.” “If that be so,” failed in business, the sure safeguard and said the President, “you may ask him to call refuge from want and misery of a family I upon me.” whose home had been darkened by financial trouble. Retiring to private life he resumed pro¬ In the latter case the nature of that species fessional work, but in 1840, at the age of 60, of investment peculiar to Philadelphia—the abandoned the labors of the forum. It is ground rent—was examined and determined said that a case of much importance was in a manner which, while exciting the pro- brought to him on his birthday a few minutes foundest admiration of the learning displayed in the argument, settled for all time to come after uoon. Pointing to the clock, he said the nature and extent of our indebtedness to with a smile, but with a firmness which ad¬ the feudal system for our titles to land and mitted of no protest: “At 12 o’clock I was 60 fixed the character of many large fortunes. years of age; you are too late. I have re¬ linquished the active practice of the law. Before Mr. Binney was fifty years of age Take the caso to Mr. Sergeant.” But once he had been twice offered a seat upon the did he suspend his determination not to : bench of the Supreme Court of the State, but appear in the courts. He stepped forth had firmly declined. There is evidence that after a year's careful preparation aud medita¬ he had raised his eyes to the Chief Justice¬ tion to win the crowning triumph of his ship, made vacant by the death of the illus¬ career, and to make the argument by which trious Tilghman, but as this office was be¬ he is most widely known, aud upon which stowed upon John Bannister Gibsou, who be¬ his general professional reputation will came the most notable Judge the State has ever mainly Test. But for the argument in Vidal 1 produced, he preferred leadership at the bar et al. vs. The City of Philadelphia, by which ! to a subordinate place on the bench. That the noble trust under the will of Stephen Mr. Binney would have made a great Judge Girard was vindicated as a public charity, it there can be no doubt. His most conspicu¬ must be confessed that Mr. Binney’s re¬ ous quality was judgment, calm, unsympa¬ nown would have been confined to but nar¬ thetic, unprejudiced and unswerving. It row bounds. The student of the reports 'the highest court in tho‘ nation. The cause was first argued by the venerable lectual prowess, and tradition would have Walter Jones, a most eminent practitioner in whispered his name, but to tho great com¬ the District of Columbia, on the one side, munities outside of bis city and Stato lie and John Sergeant for the city of Philadel¬ would have been a stranger. The truth is phia. The Judges were in doubt There [Hthnt causes of great moment, which touchj were many English precedents which seemed vast interests and involve far-reaching priu-| adverse to the will, as well as certain decis¬ ciplcs, which lift themselves as mountainsl ions of Chief Justice Marshall, who though above the slightly undulating! plain of ordi¬ dead, still.exercised an irresistible sway over nary litigation, are of rare occurrence; even his own tribunal, especially over the mind ot in,the experience of busy and long lived ad¬ Story, who worshiped tiie memory and doc¬ vocates, however distinguished. Lord Eldon’s trines of the mighty Chief Justice with tho imputation at the bar will rest upon his ardent veneration of a Hindoo for his idol. argument in Akroyd vs. Smithson; Ers- kine’s upon his exertions in defense of Stockdale, and Horne Tooko; Curran's upon A reargument was ordered. The heirs se¬ his splendid hurst in Rowan’s case in favor of cured the services of Daniel Webster, who Universal Emancipation ; Pinkney’s upon his had long been the undisputed monarch of the1 brilliaut rhetoric in the case of the Nereido ; bar of the Supreme Court of the United Webster’s upon bis pica in the Dartmouth States, and who declared in his celebrated de- j College case; Choate’s upon the defense of fenso of Christianity against the inroads of somnambulism in behalf of Tirrell charged with murder; Stanton’s upon the Wheeling Paganism and infidelity that it would be the bridge case; Black’s upon his immortal de¬ crowning mercy of his professional career if fense of trial by jury in the Milligan case; he could succeed in defeating this alleged Curtis’ upon the impeachment of Andrew charity. The city turned to Mr. Binney. Johnson, and Campbell’s upon his memor¬ Yielding to the call of duty, he immured! able assaultupon monopolies in the Slaughter himself in his library for a year, and girded House cases. The same remark may be pre¬ dicted of great Judges. Had Marshall died up his loins for the encounter. Itl before the judgments were pronounced in has been said that he even visited Eng¬ i McCullough vs. the State of Maryland, in land for the purpose of examining! which he upheld the constitutional authority tho original roils of the High Court; Of Congress to charter a national bank, or in of Chancery with a view of overturning tho Cohens vs. the State of Virginia, where he precedents which had been cited. This is a sustained the right of the Supremo Court of mistake. He did study the rolls as recently the United States to review on appeal the published in England, but did so at home,! final judgment of the Supreme Court of a and with the result which his legal genu is State, how slender comparatively would have had inspired him to anticipate. Always) been even his judicial fame. Had Taney thorough in his preparation and exhaustive) died before the Dred Scott case arose, or had | in his examination of authorities he never! Chase been paralyzed before he uttered the entered a court room with a more complete j famous words in Texas vs. White—“an in¬ and absolute mastery of his ease. He even' destructible Union of indestructible States” paid the strictest attention to his toilet, after —how different in kind and degree would the manner of Pinkney, and on the day of have been their legal legacies to posterity. the trial, as wTo are told by Henry A. Wise, | an eye-witness, show’ed the results of the! To fully appreciate tho extent of Mr. Bin- brush and comb. ney’s splendid victory in the Girard will case His argument will stand forever as a unique! y,—a victory as great as any ever won in the model of forensic logic. After an exordium' Supreme Court of the United States—we , perfect iu taste, chaste and elevated in die-! must recall the cause, the tribunal, the repu¬ tion, he disarmed prejudice against thetes-T tation of his adversary and the original ‘1 tutor by showing the number and character attitude Of the Judges. Stephen Girard, a of his benefactions—that no one who had the Frenchman by birth, a one-eyed cabin lad, slightest expectations of his bounty, or claims who made his way to Philadelphia at the age upon his justice, had been forgotten—the' of 11 years, had risen successively to be ship¬ dumb and the blind, the orphans’ school, the master, captain, ship-owner, merchant, banker city of Philadelphia, his employes, his rcla-; and philanthropist. Without wife or child, tives. even his old nogro slave had been remem-! he proved to be a father to the fatherless., bered. He gradually worked his way up to a For years he was willing lobe regarded as definition of charity which formed thekeynote close and penurious in order to accumulate a of his argument—that whatever was given; princely fortune to be dedicated to charity, from a love of God, or a love of one’s neigh¬ guarding his secret like some precious jewel, bor in the broadest and most catholic sense I and then with dying hands placing it upon was a charity. In thisspirit he examined all the the brow of his adopted city to glow authorities, ancient and modern, and bore) $ and scintillate forever. The only clause of down upon his opponent with glittering' the will, which was a most elaborate spear and with a weight of learning which documeut drawn by Mr. Duaue, which gave proved crushing and overwhelming. With! Brise to the legal controversy was that by infinite skill he undermined the stronghold, which sectarian religious teaching was for¬ of the heirs and blew them into the air by bidden, and clergymen of every denomina¬ well-arranged train of legal explosives. In aj tion inhibited the college buildings and the majestic appeal for religions toleration he grounds. Lay religious instruction was not vindicated the right of Mr. Girard to guard only forbidden, but expressly enjoined. The his trust from narrow and sectarian interpre-: cause was brought in the Federal Court be¬ tation and exclaimed “ Mr. Girard was his 1 cause the plaintiffs were aliens. Apart from own priest,” and then, dropping his voice to the intrinsic interest of the question and the a solemn tone which expressed his owrn sense] magnitude of the sum involved, it attracted national attention, because brought before V I We are now to viev . [(science, added: “As I bel author—as eulogist, biographer, ] a right to be.” ■ 1 i critic and legal disputant. In these I Mr. Webster’s reply was manifestly made-: ments of literature he is entitled to the | qnate. Eloquence and declamation, with but! I est fan iA "for variety and accuracy of infW cursory and.^suam'&cuil critidfem of the; iff-ry substitutes for? mation, for sympathy with his sublect, for! ' Q*tf?~B«g8Wfte in a forum ruled by* [skill in the method of treatment, for careful? rT5w. Air. 'Binney’s triumph was complete.! analysis of character and intellect, for sub- I Mr. Justice Story delivered tlie/opinion of the! ! stantial and well-proportioi^d estimates of I Court, and showed in every line how com-} [the results accomplished by eminent contem¬ ] pletely he had been subjugated. If it bet poraries, for judgment in the distribution of | plain to the student that Mr. B'.nney was in-| light and shade in portraiture, fora rare spice! j capable of malting a speech such as the replyB | to Hayne, it is equally clear that Mr. Webster! of humor, for a revereut conception of the! J was incapable of making an argument upon aj^ majesty of jurisprudence, for a pare, graphic1 (question of equity jurisprudence such as^ and luminous style, he stands almost without! “ Horace Binney’s. a superior. Few, if any, discourses pronounced! by Kent or Story surpass the eulogia The effect of the argument is noted byj upon Chief Justice Tilghman and Mr. Jus-1 |Mr. Wise. Through the recent death of Mr.I tice Washington. No more felicitous tributes | Justice Baldwin a vacancy existed upon the| to the greatness of departed rivals ever fell j bench of the Supreme Court of the United;, from the lips of Webster or Choate than there-1 [States. President Tyler, whp had been in^ marks commemorative of John Sergeant andl Congress with John Sergeant, had fortnedjj Charles Chauncey. No sketches of the Amer¬ such a high idea of his character and abili-S ican bar, whether from the pen ot Curtis or! ties as to tender the place to him. It wasj Foote, excel in vividness of detail and full-g declined in these words: “ lam more than) ness of learning the unrivaled brochure en-^ | sixty years of age, and my health is not! titled “The Leaders of the Old Bar of Phila-< filfoi. I have made up my mind to acceptl delphia.” No examination into the claims of nb.,,public station. Offer the place to Mr. [ iBiUney—the victor in the Girard will case,] disputed authorship is more admirable |bnt do not inform him tha,t the place has been, “An Inquiry into the Formation of Washing- ! [offered to me or that I have declined it.” Mr. < ton’s Farewell Address.” None of the many:| [Sergeant’s suggestion was acted on. TlioJ publications concerning the power of the] J vacant seat by the side of Taney and Story ; President in suspending the habeas corpt^3 I was offered to Mr. Binney, who declined it j j for the very personal reasons urged by Mr. g act attracted more widespread attentiot [■Sergeant, and then added : ! than those of Mr. Binney,while his discourse^ 1 Offer it to Mr. Sergeant; he would be a| upon the life and character of John Mart j 'conspic*rrtti?fty, fit apppjjjtmeuUbut do not let! shall will stand forever beside those of Wirt| I him know that PlilTvc declined it.” Pettigru, Kawle, Phelps and Hitchcock yield^ Thus, unconscious of each other's action,; ing to none in the unfading colors wi,ti |did each of these great lawyers bear spon¬ which the virtues of the great Ma taneous homage to the talents of his rival.. trate are depicted and exhibited to al Hampton L. Caeson. future time as those of an immeasurable b< efactor to the country. To readers unfamilia with the works themselves this may aq praise too highly wrought, but we with confidence that they will safely c| lenge comparison with similar labors, f matter in what quarter of the Union tl have originated. The pity is that they ] unknown, and have been suffered to sleep to long in the fugitive form of scarce and, to general reader, inaccessible pamphlets, was the opinion of the late Dr. S. Austin Allibone—a most competent judge, familial; with the whole range of literature—that as $ model of style the “ Discourse upon Marshall.’*, I THE GREAT LAWYER’S is unique, and in this opinion he asserted h# was sustained by Edward Everett. AND EULOGISTIC DISCOURSES. Mr. Binney paid, and paid handsomely in fans own fashion, the debt which a lawyetf ftjlEIR ALMOST CLASSIC RANKS I ewes to his profession. He felt that thj work of no really great lawyer or judt ought to pass from the view of posterity u« |Thei Enlogium Pronounced Upon Chief Jns- \ recorded, but were it not for the noble orfl tice Tilghman and That on Mr. Justice j tion of Mr. Justice Strong, before the Amerl| can Philosophical Society, Mr. Binney’s oj Washington—His Pamphlets and His- j I life work would be without an adequate mi torical Essays—Binney’s Style and Crit- j i ument from the hand of one competent! rear it, and qualified by personal intimacyL ical Power. discharge the task fitlyA An excuse—a p« 8 Ra tion at least—may befound in the fact thj i From

Bate, i. .cl./'f. fr

THE FACE ON THE DOLLAR. ▲ Philadelphia woman the Model fop the Goddess on Morgan’s Design. Anna Will ess Williams, the original of the face of the goddess on our silver dollar, was born in Philadelphia during the Civil War, writes Alice Graham Mc- Collin in the July Ladies' Home Jour¬ nal. Her mother was of Southern birth, the daughter of Dr. Arthur H. Willess, a wealthy slave owner of Maryland, who while his daughter was still unmarried, suffered financial reverses. When nine¬ teen she married Henry Williams, of Philadelphia, and removed with him to his native city. Mr. Williams soon became affluent, but through some mismanagement he lost all his property, and his daughter, Anna, the youngest of nine children, was born under most adverse circum¬ stances. While she was still but a child her father died, leaving his widow, al¬ though in delicate health, with the strongest determination to care for and educate her children, and it was en¬ tirely through the endeavors of her mother that Miss Williams received her education. Early in 1876 the Treasury Depart¬ ment secured the services of Mr. George Morgan, an expert designer and en¬ graver, who had previously been con¬ nected with the Royal Mint of England. He was assigned to duty at the Phila¬ delphia Mint upon the design for the new silver dollar which was soon to be issued. He gave his attention first to the reverse side, for which a design of the American eagle was afterward selected, hoping that a suitable idea would occur to him tor the head of tho Goddess of Liberty, which, it seemed proper, should be used as the principal figure on the coin. After considerable delay and frequent change of plan, it was decided that, if possible, the head should be a represen-|*I tation of some living American girl. In the pursuit ot his duties Mr. Morgan had been thrown into the society of Mr. Thomas Eakins, an artist of considera¬ ble reputation, and the similarity of! their interests became the foundation of a warm friendship between them. It was through Mr. Eakins’ influence that Miss Williams, a friend of his family, was induced to pose for Mr. Morgan for the designs ot the Goddess of Lib¬ erty. Th© sittings took place at the resi¬ dence of Mr. Eakins, on Mount Vernon street, below Eighteenth, in November, IS76. It was some time before the cap, with its sheath, was decided upon.