HISTORICAL Illawarra Regional Airport, Albion Park Rail NSW AIRCRAFT hars.org.au RESTORATION SOCIETY (02) 4257 4333

OFFICIAL SOUVENIR BOOKLET An aircraft & exhibit guide Editor: Ken Jackson

Production Team: Phil Mason, Eric Favelle, Les Fisher, Dick Simpson and the helpful people at Weston Print Pty Ltd, Kiama.

HARS would like to thank Name Surname, Name Surname, Name Surname for their contribution to XYZ. WELCOME TO History...... 3 Crew...... 5 Aircraft...... 7 Aircraft Specifications...... 23 Museum map...... 28 Exhibits...... 29 Equipment...... 31 Membership and Sponsors...... 32 Wings over Illawarra...... 33 Version 4.2015 ABN 22 060 694 859 HARS Information...... 34 HARS: History

The Historical Aircraft Restoration Society (HARS) is a not for profit voluntary Our membership exceeds 500. organisation that was formed in 1979 by a group of passionate aviation HARS has built an 11,000 square metre hangar complex at the Illawarra collectors desperate to preserve Australian aviation history that was fast Regional Airport with financial support coming partly from corporate disappearing. sponsorship, the general public and supportive entrepreneurs as well as events It was in this capacity that our early HARS members traversed the Australian that we attend with our aircraft. continent seeking aviation artefacts that were located on farm properties, HARS has currently more than 40 aircraft in its collection with many still scrap yards and bushland. These expeditions resulted in HARS providing flying and was recognised in 1997 by the International Guild of Air Pilots & Air considerable assistance to many restoration projects including outside of HARS Navigators when we received the Grand Masters Australian Award for the itself, both in Australia and overseas. restoration of our Lockheed Super Constellation. Of great significance was the recovery in the early 1980’s of two Beaufighter airframes from north western Australia. One, a Mark I Beaufighter aircraft, Bob De La Hunty was restored by HARS and subsequently exchanged for the Lockheed Super Mr Bob De La Hunty OAM Constellation, VH-EAG. That Beaufighter now resides in the United States Air (President HARS) Force Museum in Dayton, Ohio. HARS became an incorporated society with a formal Constitution in 1988 and is a registered deductible gift recipient organisation allowing tax deductible Our Mission Statement donations to support its operations. To recover and, where possible, restore to flying condition aircraft that have The development of a mission statement strongly emphasising our direction played a significant part in Australia’s aviation history both in civil and military reflects what as a group we do today. That mission is: arenas together with the preservation of historical aviation records. “to recover and where possible restore to flying condition, aircraft or advise on aircraft that have played a significant part in Australian aviation history, both in the civil and military arenas”. We have actively recruited specialist people from within the aviation industry and business overall who have an interest in the preservation of historical aircraft. We now have within our membership many current or former licensed aircraft engineers and others with piloting, regulatory or general support skills.

2 3 HARS: Crew

Name Surname Name Surname Name Surname Name Surname Name Surname Name Surname Title/role Title/role Title/role Title/role Title/role Title/role

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4 5 HARS: Aircraft

AUSTER CANBERRA (AUTOCAR) ENGLISH ELECTRIC T.Mk-4 ŸŸA British built four seater touring/liaison aircraft designed just after WWII first Designed in England in 1944 by English Electric as an unarmed, high altitude, fast, flown in September 1949. The RAN purchased two Autocars in 1949 and jet bomber and reconnaissance aircraft...First flew in May1949... It was so good these arrived in Australia from Britain on board the aircraft carrier HMAS the RAAF immediately ordered 48 in 1950 ...And in honour of Australia being the Sydney. They were retired in late 1963. first export customer the aircraft was officially christened the “Canberra” (after the Capital of Australia) by Australian Prime Minister Bob Menzies in January 1951. ŸŸOur aircraft was actually a civilian one and was originally owned by Kingsford Smith Aviation. It was acquired by the Naval Museum at Nowra and fully Canberra’s first entered RAF service in England in mid 1951 and Australia’s first restored to represent one of the two Autocars the RAN owned. The aircraft is Canberra’s entered service in late 1953 ...These were built in Melbourne ...Last Our Canberra was built in Britain in late 1955 as a T4 Trainer and used by the now owned by HARS members and is fully airworthy. RAAF Canberra’s were retired from service in 1982. RAF as WT492....She was transferred to the RAAF in mid 1956 and became A84-502. She has a solid nose as a Trainer while the operational Canberra ŸŸEngine is an air cooled 4 Cylinder inverted, Blackburn Cirrus Major of ~386cu. Some ~400 Canberra’s were licence built in the US by Glen L. Martin Company bombers had clear Perspex for the Bomb Aimers. in, (~6.3 litres) ~140HP. for the US Air Force in the 1950’s as the B57. These had a tandem cockpit (pilot in front of navigator) plus 50 calibre machine guns or 20mm cannons mounted in She spent time with 2 Sqn RAAF, ARDU (Aircraft Development and Research ŸŸThe engine is inverted (Upside down) to get good propeller ground clearance the wings. Although product finished in 1957 Special high altitude versions called Unit), Woomera and 6 Sqn RAAF...Retired from front line service in 1964 and & pilot view. the WB57F are still operated by NASA & these have an ultra long wing span of then used as a training aid till 1983. ŸŸInterestingly, in 1955 a sister plane (VH-AET) to ours famously accidentally over 37metres and can reach ~82,000 ft. HARS members acquired her in 1983 and she was stored in the open at took off without its pilot from Kingsford Smith Aviation at Bankstown when the They served in Vietnam with 2 Sqn RAAF under US Air Force 35th Tactical Australian Aviation Museum Bankstown untill brought to Albion Park Rail in 2010 hand brake was not set properly and the throttle left too advanced. A strong Fighter Wing Command. Interestingly, Canberras could carry 6 x 1,000lb British for complete static restoration...... Fully repainted internally and externally...Her old westerly pushed the plane easterly over Sydney and there was real concern bombs internally in its bomb bay.....but in Vietnam the only bombs available were canopy was white with age so a “brand new” 55yr old canopy was sourced that if it ran out of fuel it could crash into homes. Eventually it reached some US designed...And only 4 x 750lb US bombs would fit in the bomb bay.....So a from England and fitted. 9000ft and was pushed out to sea but a comedy of errors ensued when it typical Aussie solution was reached ...... The drop tanks were removed and an took the combined efforts of a RAAF Wirraway (Guns froze), RAAF Meteor Crew was a pilot and navigator/bomb aimer...... Maximum speed ~900km/h...... additional 2 x 750lb US bombs could be carried (1 on each wing tip).....The bomb (Guns jammed), and two RAN Sea Fury fighters to shoot this little aircraft down range (with bombs)~2,000km...... without bombs ~5,500km....powered by 2 x aimer would push the normal bomb release buttons for the 4 bombs internally just off Palm Beach. Rolls Royce Avon jet engines (Same as in our Avon Sabre and Hunter) of but had to push the “Drop Tank Release Switch” to drop the bombs on the wing ~7,500lbs thrust each...... altitude up to ~48,000ft...... special high altitude USAF ŸŸCruising speed ~ 100mph (~160km/h) range ~500 miles (~800km) crew of 1 tips...... US Commanders in Vietnam regarded the Canberra as obsolete yet the versions could reach ~82,000ft plus 3 passengers. 180 built. RAAF 2 Sqn Canberras achieved ~16% of the total bomb damage recorded by the 35th Wing but only flew 6% of the total bomber sorties. 6 7 HARS: Aircraft

BOEING 747-400 (VH-OJA) ŸŸThe first 747-400 aircraft was designed by Boeing in the mid-1980s and is equivalent to 110.2 return trips to the moon. assembled at its Everett factory in Washington state, USA. Northwest Airlines ŸŸHARS acquired The City of Canberra on 8 March 2015 as a gift from Qantas placed the first order for the new aircraft model in 1985 and operated the first after Qantas cancelled a plan to retire her to an ‘aircraft graveyard’ in Victorville, commercial passenger service in February 1989 on the 20th anniversary of California and instead donated the historic aircraft to HARS to be preserved. the first B747-100 flight. ŸŸHer final flight from Sydney to Illawarra Regional Airport was just ~12 minutes, ŸThe 400 is built upon the tried and true 747 airframe but with a new advanced Ÿ the shortest ever by a Qantas 747 and the first (and probably only) time “Glass Cockpit” with computerised screen instruments and systems, this this aircraft type has landed at our airport. The flight was several months in eliminated the flight engineer required of earlier 747 models. The aircraft was planning including the pilots spending more than 25 hours in a flight simulator the more fuel efficient with an increased range of nearly ~2,000 km enabling in preparation. The arrival was watched by tens of thousands of people long haul flights such as Sydney to Los Angeles non-stop and Sydney to gathered at all vantage points around the airport. Our aircraft is currently the London with just one stop. only 747-400 on public display in the world. ŸŸQantas Airways was one of the first 747-400 customers with an initial order ŸŸOur HARS volunteers include former Qantas pilots, cabin crew and engineers of 18....The airline named its entire 400 series fleet ‘Longreach’ in tribute to the who operated on the aircraft. outback Queensland town that figured prominently in Qantas’ origins and the aircraft’s exceptional long range. ŸŸCrew: Flight Crew 2 – Captain & First Officer (1 or 2 Second Officers carried on long haul flights) Cabin Crew 13 – 1 xCust. Service Manager,1 x Cust. ŸOur aircraft, was the 1st Qantas 747-400 and was called “City of Canberra”, Ÿ Service Supervisor,11 x Flight, Attendants. (All 1st aircraft of a new type are called “City of Canberra” by Qantas). Her official registration was VH-OJA, and she holds the world record for the longest none stop flight by a commercial aircraft...... London to Sydney in August 1989 for a total flight time of 20hrs and 9 minutes at an average speed of ~893km/h for a total distance of ~18,012km. It carried just 23 passengers and crew and used a special blend of high density fuel to enable it fly the record distance. ŸŸThe City of Canberra was in service for 25.3 years....flew 13,833 flights.... carried 4,094,568 passengers....has flown nearly 85 million kilometres, which

8 9 HARS: Specifications Auster (Autocar) Canberra English Electric

Wing span: 10.97m 36’-0” Wing span: 28.96m 63’-11.5” Boeing 747-438 ‘Longreach’ Registration: VH-OJA Serial No: 24354 Length: 7.06m 23’-2” Length: 19.63m 65’-6” Registration No: H273 Customer No: RT551 Wing span: 28.96m 63’-11.5” Height: 2.3m 7’-6” Height: 5.16m 15’-7” Name: City of Canberra Line No: 731 Length: 19.63m 65’-6” Wing area: 17.2m2 185’2 Wing area: 89m2 960’2 Height: 5.16m 15’-7” First flight, boeing 1 - Registered N6046P: 1750/3 July 1989 Empty weight: 635kg 1,400lbs Empty weight: 11,521kg 25,400lbs Wing area: 89m2 960’2 Pilot: Frank P. Santoni 2:25hrs Maximum take off weight: 1,085kg 2,400lbs Loaded weight: 12,804kg 38,000lbs Boeing 2 to 6 flights: 12-24 July 1989 Empty weight: 11,521kg 25,400lbs Wing loading: 63.08kg/m2 12.97lbs/ft2 Wing loading: 124.4kg/m2 25.5lbs/ft2 Boeing 7, FAA/CAA Certification flight: 25 July 1989 Loaded weight: 12,804kg 38,000lbs Customer 1 flight: 4 August 1989 Maximum speed: 186.65km/h 116mph Power loading: 4.76kg/hp 14.1lbs/hp Wing loading: 124.4kg/m2 25.5lbs/ft2 Accepted 9 August 1989 Total time: 20:19hrs Maximum cruise speed: 160.9km/h 100mph Fuel capacity: 6,260L 1,377Gal Power loading: 4.76kg/hp 14.1lbs/hp Qantas crew training: 9/10 August 1989 Total time: 36:41hrs Rate of climb: 160.02m/min 525ft/min Oil capacity: 152L 553Gal Fuel capacity: 6,260L 1,377Gal This aircraft set a World Record for Commercial Aircraft on 17 August Ceiling: 3,352.8m 500ft Maximum speed (40,000ft) 917km/h 570mph 1989 by flying London to Sydney, non-stop. Oil capacity: 152L 553Gal Distance: 18,012km/10,280mi, QF7441 Range: 804.7km 500mi Maximum speed (sea level) 833km/h 518mph Maximum speed (40,000ft) 917km/h 570mph Flying time: 20hrs, 9mins, 39secs Block time: 20hrs 46mins Engine: Blackburn Cirrus Major 3 Maximum cruise speed: 703km/h 390mph Fuel used: 184,520kg 4 Cylinder inverted, in-line, air-cooled Maximum speed (sea level) 833km/h 518mph Rate of climb: 1,280m/min 4,300ft/min Total time on arrival: 60hrs, 52mins Displacement: 6.3L 386cu.in Maximum cruise speed: 703km/h 390mph Ceiling: 7,076m 48,000ft Captains: David Massey-Greene (747-438 development pilot), Ray Power - take off: .2078kw 155hp Rate of climb: 1,280m/min 4,300ft/min Heiniger (Director flight ops. training), Rob Greeop (Director flight Ceiling (one engine): 2,895m 9,500ft standards and safety) and George Linderman (Director flight simulators) Power - cruise: .187kw 140hp Ceiling: 7,076m 48,000ft Maximum ferry range: 5,649km 3,510mi First Qantas Commercial 747-438 service: Wednesday 6 September, Weight: 151kg 333lbs Ceiling (one engine): 2,895m 9,500ft Range (maximum payload): 2,060km 984mi 1989 from Sydney to Melbourne, QF28 First flight: G-AJYK in August 1949 Maximum ferry range: 5,649km 3,510mi First Qantas International 747-438 service: Thursday 7 September, Powerplants: 2x Rolls-Royce Acon 109 (RA-7) 1989 from Sydney to Auckland, QF43/44 Currently registered in Australia: 2xJ-5s, 133 Austers Single spool 15 stage axial compressor Range (maximum payload): 2,060km 984mi turbojets Last Qantas service: 17 January 2015 from Johannesburg to Sydney, Power - take off: 895kw 7,500lb static QF7474 thrust Power - take off: 895kw 7,500lb static thrust Last Qantas flight: 8 March 2015 from Sydney (Kingsford Smith Weight: 665kg 1,467bs Weight: 665kg 1,467bs International Airport) to Albion Park (Illawarra Regional Airport), QF7474 Qantas’ shortest Boeing 747 sector: 90.8km/49mi First flight: VN799 - Friday 13th May, 1949 by Ronald P. ‘Bee’ Beaumont at Warton Lancashire, Flight time: 11mins United Kingdom Captain: Greg Matthews (Manager 747 training) Total production: 901 English Electric built F/O: Captain Ozzie Miller (747 Fleet Captain) DAP production: 48 for RAAF F/O: Captain Peter Hagley (747 Technical Pilot) S/O: Michael East (previously instructor at Albion Park) First flight of DAP Canberra A84-201 on 29 May 1953 Total time on arrival at HARS: 13,862 cycles or 106,154hrs. RAAF operated forty-eight B.Mk-20s and five English Electric built T.Mk4s. Five CAC built B.Mk-20s were converted to dual control trainers and 10 re-designated Mk-21 11 HARS Museum Guide HARS: Map HARS Facilities Simporum idest, tem reium nonecte se pra parias es Saftey is our priority so please observe the following magnimet quodis quuntiunto quibus acersperem aliqui as you move around the museum and hangars: ut mi, non plitius, unt. To cus atum ut ut invel inullab • Stay with your tour guide orerum et, aut unt. • Do not leave the hangars Inctur. Santis et quo min porro volorum dolorempore mint harum is ra cora vit magniae velent asin cupta • Be alert as to where you are walking int quassec erchil min consequo toreriorum aritaquo • Do not enter any aircraft without a guide temqui a quundero berioria seceperest estistium hil eturia quias dese nam, consed molum dolorem int • Do not enter any flight decks unless access is reperro maio. 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12 13 Specifications: Allison V-1710 12 Cylinder, V60 deg., liquid cooled, geared drive, supercharged piston HARS: Exhibits engine AVON Bore: 140mm 5.5in Stroke: 152mm 6in Jet Aero Engine

3 Displacement: 28L 1,710in ALLISON ŸŸA robust, powerful jet engine of ~ 7,500 lbs of thrust built in Britain just after WW11 by Rolls Royce Width: 745mm 29.3in Piston Aero Engine to power the new Canberra Bomber.(See Canberra) Design was started by Rolls Royce as a private Height: 985mm 38.6in venture in September 1945 with the production name AJ.65. Length: 2,662mm 103in ŸŸThe AJ.65 means Axial Jet 6,500 lbs thrust. The initial design target was thrust of ~6,500lbs. Axial in the Weight: 707kg 1,560lbs name AJ65 means the airflow runs parallel to a central axle or shaft through the middle of the engine. ŸŸA robust, powerful V 12 supercharged (air pump to pressure feed air into the engine) piston engine of some 1,710 Compression ratio: 6.45:1 cu inches (~28 Litres) first designed in 1929 by the Allison Division of General Motors to meet the US Army Air Corps ŸŸThough not technically quite correct ~7,500lbs of thrust is ~4,000 to 5,000 shaft horsepower. Power (take-off): 1,475hp at 3,000rpm (precursor to the US Air Force) need for a 1,000 HP class aircraft motor. ŸŸThe early Avon has 12 banks or stages of blades. Late Avon’s had 15 stages of blades with the 1st stage of Specifications: Rolls-Royce Avon 26 Power (cruise): 1,100hp at 2,600rpm at 9,100m/29,000ft blades at the front being low pressure and each stage after that progressively higher pressure till the air enters the ŸŸInitially installed in the airships Acron and Macon in 1931 the engine was progressively improved & developed ...... In Axial flow turbojet engine Construction: 1937 it won the US Army Air Corps 150 hour continuous running competition at its then rated 1,000 HP. combustion cans (#point out cans) where it is mixed with fuel (Jet A1 or basically kerosene) ignited and pushed out the back. Length: 3,175mm 125in Two piece aluminium alloy crankcase. Two cylinder blocks each ŸŸThe US Army Air Corps ordered 3 new fighters to be designed around it ...... The twin tail P-38 Lockheed Lightening, consisting of six steel cylinder barrels shrunk in a one piece aluminium Diameter: 1,054mm 41.5in the Bell Aircobra P39, and the Curtis Tomahawk. ŸŸAlthough the 1st prototype was started up in March 1947 it required much testing and fine tuning to be carried out alloy head with an aluminium alloy coolant jacket to the head and to for the engine to reach a quality that Rolls Royce was happy with. Weight: 1,016kg 2,240lbs each of the six barrels. Each head-cylinder jacket assembly attached ŸŸOur engine was made in January 1942 ...... It is # 9684 of over 70,000 “Allison 1710” engines that were all built by by fourteen long stud bolts extending through head. Two inlet valves ŸŸInterestingly the 1st Avon jet engines to fly were two that were mounted on a specially converted civilian version of Power: 3,402kn st th 7,500llb st th and two exhaust valves (sodium cooled) per cylinder actuated by General Motors at it’s single engine plant in Indianapolis, Indiana. the famous Lancaster Bomber (Called a Lancastrian) on the 15th August 1948. Construction: overhead camshaft. Six throw one piece counterbalanced crankshaft ŸŸOurs is a F39 Model rated at ~1,400 HP at ~3,000 rpm & and was originally fitted to an Australian RAAF Kittyhawk supported by seven plain bearings. Spur reduction gear, ratio 0.42:1 ŸŸFurther testing saw the 1st Avons installed in the new Canberra Bomber in May of 1949. The engine has proved Fifteen stage axial flow compressor. Eight combustion chambers. Two integral with engine. fighter during WW11. very reliable and robust in service. stage turbine. HARS engine: #42-33999 ŸŸIn service the Allison proved to be very reliable and ultimately powered 60% of all US Army Air Corps fighters..... Many 1,328kg 2,925lbs ŸŸThe were successfully used in many different types of aircraft including our Australian Avon Sabre, Hawker Hunter Manufacturers: #9684 31st January 1942 different versions of the basic motor were built with the ultimate being the V1710-143 rated at ~2,300HP fighter, English Electric fighter and Comet passenger airliner to name a few. Ultimately the basic Avon design was 2,134kg 4,700lbs Recovered from: Yarrawonga, Victoria in November 2008 ŸŸInterestingly, by using mass production techniques the Allison used ~50 % less parts then the British equivalent Rolls refined and upgrade to almost ~13,000lbs of thrust in the military Avon 302 as used in the English Electric Lightning 806kg 1,775lbs Fitted to: RAAF Curtis P-40E Kitty Hawk Royce Merlin which was more hand finished. fighter interceptor in the 1960s. HARS engine: Rolls-Royce Avon 26 Time used: 480hrs as at 2nd August 1944 ŸŸOur engine was recovered from the rear yard of a home in Yarrawonga, Victoria in November 2008. ŸŸInterestingly it was an Avon 302 that was used in Richard Nobles Thrust 2 car that set a new land speed record Fitted to: Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation CA-27 Avon Sabre - A94-901 Other aircraft using the Allison V1710 include: p-39 Aircobra, P-63 King ŸŸLiquid cool ...... V block ....12 cylinder.....28 litre...super charged piston engine...... ~1,400HP @ ~3,000rpm...... ~630 of 1,019km/h in 1983. Cobra, Lockheed P-38 Lightning, North American P-51A (Apache/ kg...... 70,000+ ma Other aircraft using the Avon engines include: Aerospatiale SE-210 Mustang) ŸŸOver time someone has removed the serial plate off our engine and unfortunately we have no history available. Caravelle, Avro Vulcan, De Havilland DH-106 Comet 4, De Havilland ŸAmazingly, Avons are still made By Rolls Royce as heavy duty industrial power electricity generators for isolated DH-110 Sea Vixen, English Electric Canberra, English Electric Lightning, Ÿ Gloster Javelin, Hawker Hunter, Supermarine Swift, Supermarine Scim- mining applications (Called the Avon 200 they are rated at over 20,000 shaft horsepower). itar, Vickers Valiant. ŸŸ12 or 15 Stage Axial flow jet engine...... ~7,500lbs of thrust...... ~4,000 to 5,000 shaft horsepower .~ 3.3m long x ~900mm...... ~1,000kg in weight...... ~11,000+ made to date

14 15 Specifications: Rolls-Royce Merlin 25 12 Cylinder, V60 deg., pressure liquid cooled, geared drive, supercharged piston engine Bore: 137mm 5.4in Stroke: 152mm 6in Specifications: Armstrong Siddeley Displacement: 27L 1,649in3 HARS: Exhibits Width: 757mm 29.8in Cheetah IX 7 Cylinder, single row, air cooled, direct drive, supercharged radial MERLIN Height: 1,092mm 43in piston engine Length: 1,803mm 7.5ft2 Bore: 133mm 5.25in Piston Aero Engine Frontal area: 0.72m2 7.5ft2 Stroke: 140mm 5.5in CHEETAH ŸŸA powerful, iconic, V 12 supercharged (air pump to pressure feed air into the engine), piston aero engine of some Weight: 687kg 1,400lbs Diameter: 1,212mm 47.7in 1,650 cu inches (~27 Litres) first designed in the early 1930s by Rolls Royce to meet the Royal Air Forces need for Compression ratio: 6.0:1 3 Piston Aero Engine Displacement: 13.65L 835in a 1,000 HP class aircraft motor. Power (take-off): 1,610hp at 3,000rpm 1,686mm/66.4+18lbs boost Length: 1,342mm 52.9in ŸŸInitially called the PV-12 (# Private Venture -12 cylinder as Rolls Royce funded the development costs) it was 1st Power (cruise - low): 1,080hp at 2,650rpm at 2,700m/9,000ft Weight: 289kg 635lbs bench test run in October 1933 and showed a modest ~750HP in its initial undeveloped form. Power (cruise - high): 1,000hp at 2,650rpm at 14,900m/16,000ft Compression ratio: 6.35:1 ŸŸA simple, low stressed, robust, and reliable British designed radial (# the cylinders radiate from a central crankcase) ŸŸInterestingly, it was 1st test flown in an old fashion Hawker Hart bi-plane fighter in February 1935 ...... However, this Construction: Power (take-off): 340hp at 2,550rpm aero engine...... 7 cylinders of some ~834 cu inches (~13.6 Litres) first built in 1935 the Armstrong Siddeley Motors was unsatisfactory so in 1936 Rolls Royce brought a Heinkel He 70 (Blitz), a German made high speed mail courier Two piece aluminium alloy crankcases. Two aluminium alloy cylinder blocks Power (cruise): 210hp at 2,100rpm at 1,829m/6,000ft Ltd for RAF training aircraft. aircraft to test the PV-12 on...... The basic single engine Heinkel 70 design was later enlarged and developed into a with a detachable head for each block. Steel cylinder liners. Two inlet new design the famous two engined German Heinkel He 111 bomber of WW11. valves and tgwo exhaust valves (sodium cooled) per cylinder actuated Construction: ŸŸThe Cheetah was so reliable it was the 1st aero engine rated by the Royal Air Force to run up to 1,200 hours of by overhead camshaft. Six throw one piece counterbalanced crankshaft One piece barrel stype aluminium alloy crankcase, cylinders with steel usage between major overhauls. ŸŸThe potential of the PV-12 was appreciated by the RAF who in 1935 issued a requirement for two new fighters supported by seven plain bearings. Spur reduction gear, ratio 0.42:1 barrels and aluminium alloy heads. One inlet and one exhaust valve to be designed around the PV-12..... These 2 new fighters became the famous Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker intergral with engine. ŸUsed in RAF training aircraft like the Avro 626 (# looks like a Tiger Moth but with a radial Cheetah engine), the twin (sodium cooled) per cylinder actuated by push rods. One throw one Ÿ Hurricane...... At this point funding of the PV-12 was taken over by the British Govt and the engine was given a new engine navigation trainer Airspeed Oxford and the twin engine bomber/navigation trainer and general liaison aircraft Supercharger: Gear driven one stage, two speed, ratios 8.15:1 and piece counterbalanced crankshaft supported by two roller bearings. name...... MERLIN. Epicyclic spur reduction gear, ratio 0.732:1 the Avro Anson. 9.49:1 Supercharger: Gear driven, ratio 6.52:1 ŸŸInterestingly, it is called Merlin after a small European hunting bird and not “Merlin the Magician” of King Arthur fame. Fuel system: Rolls-Royce SU AVT40-193 2 barrel updraft carburetor ŸŸOur engine is serial #AS 4521...... It is most likely from a RAAF Avro Anson. with automatic mixture control and boost control Fuel system: 1x Claudel-Hobson AV70M updraft carburetor ŸŸThe Merlin was progressively refined and ultimately produced ~2,000HP in the 133 version.... It saw service in most Ignition system: 2x B.T.H CSE12-S or Rotax NES12-4 Magentos. 2-14mm with two position automatic mixture control and ŸŸAir cooled ...radial block ...7 cylinder, super charged aero engine...~340HP @ ~2,400rpm...... ~280kg...... ~13.5 British fighters (Spitfire, Hurricane) and bombers (Lancaster the Mosquito bomber (The Wooden Wonder)) of WW11, automatic boost control. short reach spark plugs per cylinder. Shielded ignition Litres...... ~37,000+ made in period 1935 to 1948...... low stressed and very reliable at only ~25HP/Litre. and some American aircraft like P51 Mustang.... It was also made by Packard in America where it was called the system. Ignition: 2x B.T.H SC7-1 or -2 Magnetos. V-1650 or more commonly... “Packard Merlin’s”. 2 2 2-14mm short reach spark plugs per cylinder. Lubrication: Pressure fed 4.2kg/cm /60lbs/in . Main bearings Shielded ignition system. ŸŸOur engine is a Merlin 25 and came off an RAF British built Mosquito bomber (The Famous Wooden Wonder) of lubricated by hollow crankshaft end to end system. Dry sump. Lubrication: Pressure feed 5.3kg/cm2/75psi. Dry sump. secret 618 Squadron RAF which came to Australia in late 1944 and was based at Narromine NSW. The Mosquito’s of 618 Squadron were specially modified to carry 2 of the famous Barnes Wallis bouncing bombs called “Highballs” Starter: B.T.H. CA-4650 direct cranking electric starter. Starter: Rotex N3EM direct cranking electric starter. th Other aircraft using the Cheetah engines: Airspeed Envoy, Airspeed to be used against Japanese ships in the Pacific. The squadron was disbanded in mid 1945 and whole Mosquito HARS engines: C/N 104605 built at Willmington, Glasglow. Delivered 25 Oxford, Avro Anson. aircraft were sold off as surplus in 1948 for ~20 pounds each with Merlin Motors selling for just ~8 pounds each. July, 1944. C/N 106607 built by Ford at Trafford Park, Manchester. ŸŸOur Merlin was purchased for $400 in the mid 1980’s after having sat under a tree on a property in the Dubbo area. Delivered 14th October 1944. ŸŸInterestingly, Mosquitoes were also made here in Australia during WW11 but had American made Packard Merlins Fitted to: De Havilland (UK) built De Havilland Mosquito B-Vis 269’s fitted. supplied to the RAAF Other aircraft using Merlin engines: Armstrong Whitworth Whitley, Avro ŸŸLiquid cool ...V block ...12 cylinder ....27 Litres.... Super charged piston engine...... ~1,600HP @ ~3,000rpm...... ~620 Lancaster, Avro York, Avro Tudor, Canadair DC-4M Argonaut, Boulton Paul kg...... ~149,600 made in period 1936 to 1950...... ~59HP/Litre. Defiant, Bristol Beaufighter II, Curtiss P-40F Kittyhawk, De Havilland DH-103 Hornet, Fairey Battle, Fairey Barracuda, Fairey Fulmar, Fiat G59, Handley Page Halifax, Hawker Hurricane, Hawker Henley, North American P-51B, 16 C, D, H, North American F-82 Twin Mustang, Supermarine Spitfire,17 Vickers Wellington. HARS: Equipment

HASTINGS DEERING LEYLAND ‘HIPPO’ TANKER Air stairs ŸŸIn ~1958 Qantas Technical Services Division saw the need for a modern ŸŸOur tanker is a 1952 Leyland ‘Hippo’ imported new to work as a refueller by motorised air stair to complement its newly ordered Boeing 707 jet airliner Shell at Sydney’s (then called) Mascot Airport. There were Mark 1, 2, 3 and which was due to enter service in 1959. 4 production versions. ŸŸA team of Qantas engineers lead by George Roberts designed the all hydraulic ŸŸLike many WWII production vehicles, there were no driving refinements. The stairs around readily available Ford car components. Hippo was heavy on steering and the manual clutch and gearbox required skill and strength to operate. For example, the PTO selector lever could slip ŸŸQantas Empire Airways as it was known at that time ordered 14 Air Stairs out of position while travelling and would isolate the gear box requiring you to from the Hastings Deerings Services Ltd of Parramatta Rd Lidcombe in 1959. stop the vehicle and pull the lever back to storage position so you could get Hasting Deering Services Ltd was an off- shoot of the Ford and Caterpillar moving again. Tractor Dealership of the same name. ŸŸThe Leyland 600 diesel engine produces ~125 bhp at ~1800 rpm, displaces ŸŸIt was easy to move the diverti valve to circulate, which showed flow on the ŸŸThe Air Stairs were designed to be disassembled and to easily fit into a DC3 ~9.8 litres and her six pistons run through a bore of ~4.8 inches over a stroke meter but did not actually transfer fuel. Most of the old refuelling tankers had for transport to other locations around Australia. of ~5.5 inches. Slowing down & stopping relies on vacuum-assisted brakes. this system. ŸŸHowever, in spite of being able to be broken down for easy transport .....in ŸThe original fleet number would have been ERMC 303 which had significance ŸThe tanks had from 2 to 5 compartments, each one filled through a bottom one famous instance a set of air stairs was driven all the way to Alice Springs Ÿ Ÿ for identifying the vehicle. fill and selected by a valve from the fill manifold. It was common practice to from Sydney . open all valves and have someone on top of the vehicle to dip the tank and E = Jef fuel ŸŸHARS was three of these Air Stairs which came in a 4 cylinder Ford Anglia monitor the fill. No auto shut-off. The back compartments filled first and it was engine version and a larger 6 cylinder Ford Falcon engine version. The stairs R = Rellumit microfilter necessary to get the caps on the dip tubes to stop fuel spray in the final stage could extend from a Minimum of 8ft up to a maximum height of 12ft 10ins. M = Motorised of fill. Sometimes the valves did not get closed quickly enough and the man ŸŸOur Air Stairs are beautifully fully restored ...... And features a four cylinder C = Tanker with a capacity of ~3000 gallons (~ 13,600 litres) on the top got a bit of a jet fuel shower. Lots of spills in those early Sydney Anglia motor...... It was meticulously restored by HARS members Peter and 3 = Pump rate which indicated Gallons per minute x 100 (Actual pump rate Airport days! Allan Costigan together with the sign writing skills of Allan’s wife Nicky Costigan. was ~220gpm or ~ 900 litres/minute. ŸŸThe vehicle was capable of refuelling, defuelling, self loading and circulating within the system through a valve selector called a “diverti” valve. (These vehicles were often mentioned in old refueller’s tales when selling AVGAS. 18 19 HARS: Sponsors HARS Membership Contact us for information on becoming a sponsor. Mrs J L Brooker; Mrs M Greinert; Minden Air Corp (Tucson); Mr D Smith; HARS gratefully acknowledges our sponsors, past and Phil Buckland, Buckland Auto Electrical Pty Ltd; Mal Hallowes; Geoff Morris; William Smith; present, and welcomes new names to this honour roll: Brinlay Paints; Peter and Heather Hanneman; NCR Australia; Snap Printing Auburn; Id etum volut vollorro quam quiaecab Adecs (Aust); Cement Australia; Hatch Associates; Nostalgair Models; Mr G Squire; ipsunt ma iliquo dolorem unt, in et estem Chemetall; Hazelton Airlines; Notebook Publications; Mr A Stinson; conestesciis alitatur si sedissi sae dolum ADC Krone; Chevron Companies (Calif); Capt R Heiniger; Oilcheck; RR Szabo; et aut volorporerum quatemque pel et Aero Club of Arizona; aliatium aut volectus es rem solest es Aero Weigh; Cleary Bros; Hexcel Interiors; Olex Cables; Mr A Tait; rehenti orerume volorporro ium illaciet Air BP; John and Jenny Cleary; Julie and Michael Hourigan; Oxley Graphics; Tattersalls; assi dem enis cus eum a volliquamus, Aircraft and Aerospace Magazine; Coates Prestige Hire; Hurdis Plumbing; Pam Karcaji Signs; Taubmans Paints; unt fugia volore, ium re sitatus dernam Collins Avionics Sales & Service; Icon Internet; Mr G Paramour; Telstra; harunt dolor accaecto temolupis maios Air Services Australia; Colourtrue Labels; IMB Foundation; Don Payne; Geoff Timms; molum quam, odit eosaper ferferrum qui Mr. Bill Andronicos; quistio exerferitium qui assunt quatem di Ansett Australia; Country Fire Services; Independent Locksmiths; Peter Ryan Earthmoving; TPE Integrated Services; nonest, officil el ea que eosseni mollicae Anzol Paints; Geoff Cuthbert; Daltrans; Industrial Maintenance Systems; R J Petitt; Pima Air & Space Museum (Tucson); Transfield Constructions; nonsequunt lam, comnis volut et lam hilia AOPA; Mrs. S. Arms; Capt R Darwell; Mr T Dean; Jecani Pty. Ltd.; Protector Safety; Transfield Services; simus nem eosaped eum et omnis ex et Mr R De La Hunty; Jeremy Flynn Memorial Trust; Qantas Airways; Triangle Refrigeration; eniminc tatenihicab is moluptat ullore res Australian Aviation Magazine; Mike De La Hunty; Mr B Kelly; Qantas Flight Hostess Club; Trimble Navigation; reroressi quibus eum et qui bersperum Australian Native Landscapes; faccatis ius ditaestiis que vit fugia dolupta Australian Steel Mill Services; Mr N Dennett; Mr S Kennard; Qantas 20 Club; Trojan Workforce; tumque prae proreseq. Australian Timken; Dual Electrical Services (Melbourne); Kiama Municipal Council; QBE Aviation; Trump Property Maintenance; Aviation Trim & Upholstery; Ecolab; Joy and Allan Lever; Reflex; Valspar Corp (formerly Anzol Paints); Barloworld Coatings; Eric Fordham Engineering; Lockheed Aeromod Center Inc (Tucson); Reliable Pest Control; Weekly Trading Post; Barker Lawyers; Fish Internet; Mr G Loudon; Jim Ricketts; Mr K Weldon; Bartrans; Flightpath Magazine; Mr D Lowy; Lysaghts; Rivers Locking Systems; Weston Printing; Bellinger Instruments; Frejak Constructions; Mr J McAlpine; Riverstone Printing; White Knight Paints; the Family of the late Mr Ron Bennett; Mr R George; Mainpac; DC Roberts Aircraft Co; John Whitmarsh; Ian Berryman; BlueScope Steel; GNB Battery Technologies; Jim Marshall; Robyn-Lea Services; Ms Gina Wilson; BlueScope Water; Mr W Goodhew; Mascot Steel; Rockwell Systems Australia; Wiltshire Engineering; Boom Logistics; Goodyear Air Treads; Mrs M Massey; NR Seals: Sharp Direct; Wollongong City Council. Boral Portable Buildings; Gossamer Threads; Gordon McDonald (Elect W’salers); Shell Australia; Mr G Boyd; Graham John Signs; Metro Products & Company; Shellharbour City Council; May 30, 2014 Bristol Paints; Mr R Greinert; The late Capt B Millis; Miss T Smiley; 20 21 HARS: Information

Open days Join the HARS crew ŸŸWho used it? When was it used? Voluptibusam quia aditatur autent, solor as volum rem explabore, invenim fugia vidende ŸŸDo you have any information about the story surrounding the object? rfernat emoloribus sam, ex exerferi num que velique aut eliquia velesci cone conseque The Historical Aircraft Restoration Society (HARS) is pleased to recommend its series HARS is also looking for new members whom are willing to actively participate in the ipis nullabo ratium autest, ommolor ernatium ute vellabo rporecu ptaspedi dit lam ariatum ŸŸDo you know any stories about the people connected to the object? of Open Days showing off some of the unique aircraft held at its headquarters at the society’s activities. Activities include: tour guiding, general duties, reception and shop duties, quas cum quaeres cipsae et lam acepudae volupta ne core sant plab ipsa volorerum Illawarra Regional Airport at Albion Park. Mechanical – engine and airframe (both AMEs and LAMEs), and ground equipment. ŸŸWhat condition is the object or specimen in? etus, si quam a nobis ad erere sectat. The open days will be held outside the HARS hangars and will involve the static display If you are interested in joining the ranks of our volunteers at our expanding museum, Please also send us a photograph of the object. Ebistibusa volenim laut alis iuntiante est, cum licatectur sedit reptatum quias ma dent ium of some its distinctive aircraft. Members of the public will be able to board and sit in please email your details to [email protected] to reserve a seat. a is que volut et ipient, core, utem et acepudae perchicimi, quat elicill uptature rent quis some of the aircraft including the cockpits of aircraft like our F-111C fighter bomber and In order to consider your donation offer, we will need your full contact details. This information will only be used in processing this enquiry. eaque nobit, seriam audit aut imentio reperro cum ne officiat fuga. Officae possit qui Neptune submarine hunter. There will also be guided tours of the aircraft on display. offictur ad molore sequam, sit et, to tet litio. Itam expedicim dis non renetur. Donations Donation requests can be made to: The open days will be held on the second Friday, Saturday and Sunday of every month Ur, sed ma di officiliquae volupta tquodio. Adit quae re que sunti sequunt volut eniatio te HARS Management Committee between 10:00am and 3:00pm. Would you like to make a cash donation towards the restoration of a HARS aircraft. cum nos sit pa dolorerum excesti aturenianis eatquas reic tem sequo blab inciis as et Illawarra Regional Airport Both one-off and cyclical financial donations or bequests towards the restoration or vendam volupta prem fuga. Delestis volor si nonsequi omnia aut as veliaspid eaqui aut Admission continued support of aircraft in our fleet are gratefully received. To offer a donation of PO Box 1071 aut landend ipsanit emquodio. Namus am ut aliquatio qui consenimus. Includes on-board visits and sitting in cockpits. this type please contact the Treasurer at HARS through email [email protected] or Albion Park Rail NSW 2527, Australia Ci optatur, nullor ma dollam vernatem inullup taspelis aut facesed ut la quia nonest, by writing to: cor magnihilique venimin cimpero eosam es aut quis molo velita volorum qui officta $15 per adult $5 per child (12 and under) The Treasurer HARS epelita tempost rumenis utem ant officillique numenitio ipsam harchil maximos tiunditati Shellharbour City 338 Squadron $35 per family (x2 adults, x2 children) P.O. Box 1071 sim volumquo beatquiam repratemquam natessi nulles is ipsae id endisqu unditaturem qui videm consequi cuptatur mi, nullamendi nos expeliqui beatur a nonserio. Ut volorum, Please note: tours of the B747 are subject to weather. Albion Park Rail NSW 2527 Information regarding the cadets could go here with any photos that may be avilable. nimaio. Equibus si nimoluptas es nobit, iniaercidis doluptas dem andit, que repero volor Perum alignatem. Nam quat. modis vitatium fugia verum dolorro ilit alitia elitia sim solorepratur sin rae alia dolorio dolore *Please include your contact details and the aircraft that you are interested in supporting. Group tours Atusdae porit quiaerum nulpa di od utaernatate peribus. inum res molendion culparu ptation senihilique aut ea commolorum nonsecepudam. Heniend ucipien ditatum estium, nonsed ut alique esti te numet re net lam aut est debis ini HARS is delighted to offer limited group tours through its world-class museum on every Are you considering donating an item to the Historical Aircraft Restoration Society? day. Guided tours (including the lower deck of our B747) start at 9:30am and finish at delit vel inum que pro ipidebita sum quisqui ne dolesse quatectia qui dolo te iust, saped 3:30pm. Tours can be booked by calling our visitors’ desk on (02) 4257 4333. The management committee coordinates all offers to donate items from whole aircraft to molupta spisint quam ides ipsum et faceperum, teceptaquam que velendestem. Volum manuals and parts to the Historical Aircraft Restoration Society (HARS). eium nonsequ asperch illorem. Solut aspitemos is mi, quam voluptat. Admission: To assist us with your donation offer, please describe the aircraft, part or item you would El ium fugit experae con re cor abor ma saperibus, at ab ilit hil il imus nonsernam que $20 per adult $15 per senior/student concession $8 per child (5-14 years) or $55 like to donate. Provide as much detail as possible, including: ne dignis quia verit qui accus aborpos dolum ut etur, non es dolendita volupis debit quia per family (2 adults plus up to 4 children). qui ut latem venimi, quis por mos mint et que rectate volore, consecab imenimus sint. ŸŸWhat is the history of the object or specimen? Please allow 1-2 hours for a comprehensive tour. ŸŸWhere was it made? Who made it? When was it made? Estis ute volorum, ut quamus qui conseque voluptaernat res vel et optae volo et alit Please note: tours of the B747 are subject to weather. fugias recab inus moluptio teceataquo blabori onsequiat. ŸŸWhere is it from? Who owned it? 22 23 BACK COVER

DESIGNER OWNED IMAGE

HISTORICAL AIRCRAFT RESTORATION SOCIETY