Denis Micheal Rohan Ushering in the Apocalypse Contents
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Denis Micheal Rohan Ushering in the Apocalypse Contents 1 Denis Michael Rohan 1 1.1 Motives .................................................. 1 1.2 Response ................................................. 2 1.2.1 Israeli Chief Rabbinate response ................................. 2 1.2.2 Arab/Muslim reactions ...................................... 2 1.3 See also .................................................. 3 1.4 References ................................................. 3 1.5 External links ............................................... 3 2 Mosque 4 2.1 Etymology ................................................. 5 2.2 History .................................................. 5 2.2.1 Diffusion and evolution ...................................... 6 2.2.2 Conversion of places of worship ................................. 9 2.3 Religious functions ............................................ 10 2.3.1 Prayers .............................................. 11 2.3.2 Ramadan events .......................................... 11 2.3.3 Charity .............................................. 12 2.4 Contemporary political roles ....................................... 12 2.4.1 Advocacy ............................................. 13 2.4.2 Social conflict ........................................... 14 2.4.3 Saudi influence .......................................... 14 2.5 Architecture ................................................ 15 2.5.1 Styles ............................................... 15 2.5.2 Minarets .............................................. 17 2.5.3 Mihrab .............................................. 18 2.5.4 Domes .............................................. 18 2.5.5 Prayer hall ............................................. 19 2.5.6 Ablution facilities ......................................... 20 2.5.7 Contemporary features ...................................... 20 i ii CONTENTS 2.6 Makeshift and temporary structures for Islamic worship ......................... 20 2.7 Rules and etiquette ............................................ 21 2.7.1 Prayer leader ........................................... 21 2.7.2 Cleanliness ............................................ 22 2.7.3 Dress ............................................... 22 2.7.4 Concentration ........................................... 22 2.7.5 Gender separation ......................................... 22 2.7.6 Non-Muslims in mosques ..................................... 23 2.8 See also .................................................. 24 2.8.1 By size .............................................. 24 2.9 Notes and references ........................................... 24 2.9.1 Bibliography ........................................... 27 2.10 Further reading .............................................. 28 2.11 External links ............................................... 29 3 Herbert W. Armstrong 47 3.1 Early life .................................................. 47 3.2 Beginnings of ministry .......................................... 48 3.3 Radio and publishing ........................................... 48 3.4 International expansion .......................................... 49 3.5 Worldwide Church of God ........................................ 50 3.5.1 Ambassador International Cultural Foundation .......................... 50 3.6 Final years ................................................. 50 3.7 Theology and teachings .......................................... 51 3.8 Criticism and controversy ......................................... 53 3.8.1 Theological ............................................ 53 3.8.2 Personality, personal conduct, and governance .......................... 54 3.8.3 Teachings inferred from the Bible ................................ 54 3.9 Bibliography ................................................ 55 3.10 See also .................................................. 56 3.11 Notes ................................................... 56 3.12 References ................................................. 60 3.13 Further reading and video resources .................................... 60 3.13.1 Pro-Armstrong .......................................... 60 3.13.2 Anti-Armstrong .......................................... 60 4 The Plain Truth 61 4.1 External links ............................................... 61 CONTENTS iii 5 The World Tomorrow (radio and television) 62 5.1 Radio ................................................... 62 5.2 Television ................................................. 62 5.2.1 1950s ............................................... 62 5.2.2 1967 to 1994 ........................................... 62 5.2.3 2004 to present .......................................... 63 5.3 Format ................................................... 63 5.3.1 International versions ....................................... 63 5.4 Rights to use title ............................................. 64 5.5 Archived episodes ............................................. 64 5.6 References ................................................. 64 6 Ambassador College 66 6.1 Brief history ................................................ 67 6.2 Pasadena campus (1947-1990) ...................................... 69 6.3 Bricket Wood, UK campus (1960-1974) ................................. 70 6.4 Big Sandy, TX campus (1964-1977, 1981-1997) ............................. 70 6.5 AICF - Ambassador International Cultural Foundation .......................... 71 6.6 Successor institutions ........................................... 71 6.7 Notable alumni .............................................. 71 6.8 References ................................................. 72 6.9 External links ............................................... 72 7 Grace Communion International 73 7.1 History ................................................... 73 7.1.1 Beginnings ............................................ 73 7.1.2 1970s ............................................... 74 7.1.3 Armstrong’s death and doctrinal changes ............................. 77 7.1.4 Women’s ordination ........................................ 77 7.2 Beliefs and practices ............................................ 77 7.2.1 Current teachings ......................................... 77 7.2.2 Historical teachings under Armstrong ............................... 77 7.3 Structure .................................................. 78 7.3.1 International ............................................ 78 7.3.2 Regional and local ........................................ 78 7.4 Finances .................................................. 79 7.5 Related denominations .......................................... 79 7.6 References ................................................. 80 7.7 Notes ................................................... 81 iv CONTENTS 7.8 External links ............................................... 82 7.9 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses ............................ 83 7.9.1 Text ................................................ 83 7.9.2 Images .............................................. 85 7.9.3 Content license .......................................... 87 Chapter 1 Denis Michael Rohan “Michael Rohan” redirects here. For the Scottish fantasy and science fiction author, see Michael Scott Rohan. Denis Michael Rohan (1 July 1941 – 1995) was an Australian citizen who, on 21 August 1969, set fire to the pulpit[1] of the Al-Aqsa mosque, in Jerusalem. Rohan was arrested for the arson attack on 23 August 1969. He was tried, found to be insane, and hospitalized in a mental institution. On 14 May 1974 he was deported from Israel “on humanitarian grounds, for further psychiatric treatment near his family”. He was subsequently transferred to the Callan Park Hospital in Australia. In 1995, he was reported to have died under psychiatric care.[2] 1.1 Motives Rohan, a Christian, stated that he considered himself “the Lord’s emissary” and that he tried to destroy the al-Aqsa Mosque acting upon divine instructions to enable the Jews of Israel to rebuild the Temple on the Temple Mount in accordance with the Book of Zechariah, thereby hastening the second coming of Jesus Christ. Rohan was a subscriber of The Plain Truth magazine published by the Worldwide Church of God's (WCG) founder Herbert W. Armstrong and stated that he had begun his attempt after reading an editorial by Armstrong in the June 1967 edition.[3] The Daily Telegraph newspaper in London pictured Rohan on its front page with a copy of The Plain Truth magazine sticking out from his outside jacket pocket. On 26 September 1969, Armstrong, in a letter to financial contributors to his The World Tomorrow program, distanced himself from Rohan: Every effort, it seems, is being made to link us with it in a way to discredit the Work of God. The man, Rohan being held as the arsonist, the dispatches say, claims to be identified with us. This claim is TOTALLY FALSE. The first any of us at Pasadena ever heard of this man was when the press dispatches began coming over the Teletypes in our News Bureau. Checkups revealed that this man had sent in for and received a number of our Correspondence Course lessons. Last December he had sent in a subscription to The PLAIN TRUTH. But any claim to any further connection or association with us is an absolute lie. Two million others subscribe to The PLAIN TRUTH. 100,000 others subscribe to the Correspondence Course lessons. These are sent to any and everybody who requests them, FREE. But