DOCSLIB.ORG

Sociology of Crime and Deviance Unit Four: SCLY4

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sociology of Crime and Deviance Unit Four: SCLY4 Name:________________________ Sociology of Crime and Deviance Unit Four: SCLY4 Miss Sakine Koc Advance A Level Miss Sakine Koc Published 2015 © Course Outline 1 Different theories of crime, deviance, social order and social control o Different definitions of crime, deviance, social order and social control o The distinction between sociological theories of crime and other theories (eg biological, psychological); crime and deviance as socially constructed o Functionalist theories of crime: Durkheim, anomie, collective conscience; Merton’s strain theory; manifest and latent functions; functionalist subcultural theories o Marxist and neo-Marxist theories of crime: classical Marxism, laws reflecting class interests; Neo-Marxism, hegemony, the CCCS studies, critical and new criminology o Interactionist theories of crime: labelling theory, the self-fulfilling prophecy o Feminist theories of crime: patriarchy, male control of women’s lives o Control theory and other contemporary approaches to crime: social bonds, communitarianism, situational prevention; postmodern theories; Foucault on individualisation and surveillance o Realist theories: New Left Realism and Right Realism o The relevance of the various theories to understanding different types of crime, and their implications for social policy. 2 The social distribution of crime and deviance by age, ethnicity, gender, locality and social class, including recent patterns and trends in crime o Study of statistics and other evidence on the social distribution of crime by age, ethnicity, gender, locality and social class, including recent patterns and trends o Issues related to and explanations of the social distribution of crime and deviance by age: juvenile delinquency and youth crime o Issues related to and explanations of the social distribution of crime and deviance and ethnicity: explanations from different theories, racism in the criminal justice system o Issues related to and explanations of the social distribution of crime and deviance and gender: explanations of the rates of male and female crime, the gendering of crime, chivalry thesis, the gender deal o Issues related to and explanations of the social distribution of crime and deviance and locality: rural and urban crime o Issues related to and explanations of the social distribution of crime and deviance and social class: explanations from different theories; white collar crime; occupational crime. 3 Globalisation and crime in contemporary society; the mass media and crime; green crime; human rights and state crimes o Globalisation and crime: examples and explanations of globalised crimes such as web- based crimes, global trades in drugs, weapons and people; global corporate crime o Mass media and crime: media’s role in social construction of crime including moral panics and amplification; crime and news values and agenda setting; representations of crime (both fact and fiction) o Green crime: definitions, criminalisation of environmental offences; extent, enforcement of green crimes: environmental laws, corporate and state environmental crimes, crimes 1 Advance A Level Miss Sakine Koc Published 2015 © against non-human species o Human rights and state crimes: international rules and norms and examples of violations of them; human rights violations; state crimes. 4 Crime control, prevention and punishment, victims, and the role of the criminal justice system and other agencies o Crime control, prevention and punishment: contemporary policies, linked to the theories studied under point 1; surveillance, zero tolerance, anti-social behaviour orders, expansion of imprisonment o Victims of crime: statistics and other evidence on victims of crime; ethnicity, age and gender; different theoretical accounts, e.g. positivist and radical victimology o Role of the criminal justice system and other agencies. 5 The sociological study of suicide and its theoretical and methodological implications o Durkheim’s classic study of suicide, including typologies o Interpretivist responses to Durkheim, e.g. Atkinson, Douglas o Realist approaches, e.g. Taylor’s ‘people under trains’ o The theoretical and methodological implications of the different approaches of the study of suicide. 2 Advance A Level Miss Sakine Koc Published 2015 © Functionalism on Crime and Deviance o Functionalism was one of the first theories of crime that sought to explain deviance by the nature of society rather than the biology and psychology of the individual. Durkheim – positive view of crime - thinks crime is functional for society! o Durkheim believed modern societies are made up of collective conscience based on moral individualism since ‘uniformity so universal and absolute’ was impossible. Thus, unlike Marxism, he believed crime can never be eradicated since it’s normal and appears in all societies but in different forms. o Crime is an ‘integral part of all healthy societies’. This is because individuals are exposed to different influences and will all not be committed to the shared values/beliefs of society. Thus, crime acts as a moral dichotomy providing us with what is good/bad behaviour and in effects binds together society. o Crime can be functional since all societies need to progress and social change begins with some form of deviance. E.g. homosexuality was once illegal, but today its normal. Thus, yesterday’s deviance must become tomorrow’s normality for change to occur according to Durkheim. Moreover, this suggests crime doesn’t disappear but change it form. o However, Societies need both crime and punishment because without punishment the rate of criminality would become dysfunctional. Thus, laws must be stricter than before and must be experienced throughout society to justify the need for control. o Durkheim noted that too much and too little crime reflected social pathology (dysfunctional). Thus balance is needed: Too much crime - not enough collective conscience, society in a state of anomie (normlessness) Too little crime – too strong collective conscience, totalitarian state. o Lastly, the criminal was not an unsociable being but one that ‘plays a definite role in social life’. Evaluation of Durkheim’s theory: 3 Advance A Level Miss Sakine Koc Published 2015 © Cohen (1966) 2 additional functions of crime: 1. Deviance as a ‘safety valve’, providing a harmless expression of discontent. E.g. prostitution enables men to escape from family life without undermining the family as an institution. (synoptic link to the functions of the family) 2. Deviant acts can warn society that an aspect is not working properly – e.g. widespread truanting from school. (synoptic link to education – Paul Willis’s study of the lads) Evaluation of Cohen’s theory: Merton’s (1938) strain theory suggests crime arises from the culture and structure of society. o He begins form the functionalist position of value consensus – idea that all members of society share the same values. In the USA, for example, individuals strived for the same goal of success, largely measured in terms of wealth and material possessions. o However, while great emphasis is placed on the ‘American dream’, little significance is given to the means of achieving it. This results in an unbalanced society where success is about ‘winning the game’ rather than ‘wining though circumscribed modes of activity’. o Once rules cease to operate, a situation of anomie occurs in which deviance is encouraged. Individuals respond to this in five ways: 1. Conformity - most common response. Members strive to success though accepted channels. 2. Innovation - adopted by those that are denied the opportunities to succeed via conventional means. E.g. working class – thus, greater pressure to deviate for ‘success’. 3. Ritualists - lower middle-class where goal of wealth is abandoned but they continue to conform to conventional standards of respectability (e.g. education). Thus, deviant for rejecting mainstream goal. 4. Retreatism - embraced by ‘drop-outs’ e.g. tramps/drug addicts. Deviate in 2 ways by rejecting shared values of success and means to achieve it. 5. Rebellion - both goals and means are rejected and replace with an alternative society. o Crime is therefore a result of the culture and structure of society which overemphasises cultural goals at the expense of institutionalised means to achieve it, creating a tendency towards anomie. This increases need for deviance but level varies according to people’s social position. 4 Advance A Level Miss Sakine Koc Published 2015 © Evaluation of Merton theory: Merton assumes American culture is homogenous while others reject idea of common value hierarchy fixed by culture or structure. Problematic to suggest individuals shape their goal by society when they interact in multi- values with the different groups they participate in. Exaggerates the level of working class crime as he ignores more undercover crimes like corporate crime which is committed by the ruling class. However, some argue Merton’s theory is still applicable today. E.g. Thatcherism placed great emphasis on individual success during the 70s and 80s which contributed to a rise in property crime according to some sociologists. Evaluation of Functionalism: Strength Limitation Unlike Marxism, Functionalism fails to consider wider power functionalists are correct in relations in society like who make the laws? and suggesting that crime cannot who it benefits? be eradicated since it existed in communist countries like Assumes society is based on value consensus. China and the Former Soviet Premises
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Realist Criminology and Its Discontents
    www.crimejusticejournal.com IJCJ&SD 2016 5(3): 80‐94 ISSN 2202–8005 Realist Criminology and its Discontents Simon Winlow Steve Hall Teesside University, United Kingdom Abstract Critical criminology must move beyond twentieth‐century empiricist and idealist paradigms because the concepts and research programmes influenced by these paradigms are falling into obsolescence. Roger Matthews’ recent work firmly advocates this position and helps to set the ball rolling. Here we argue that Matthews’ attempt to use critical realist thought to move Left Realism towards an advanced position can help to put criminology on a sound new footing. However, before this becomes possible numerous philosophical and theoretical issues must be ironed out. Most importantly, critical criminology must avoid political pragmatism and adopt a more critical stance towards consumer culture’s spectacle. A searching analysis of these issues suggests that, ultimately, criminology is weighed down with obsolete thinking to such an extent that to remain intellectually relevant it must move beyond both Left Realism and Critical Realism to construct a new ultra‐realist position. Keywords Critical criminology; harm; consumer culture; Left Realism; Critical Realism; Ultra‐Realism. Please cite this as: Winlow S and Hall S (2016) Realist criminology and its discontents. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5(3): 80‐94. DOI: 10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i3.247. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence. As an open access journal, articles are free to use, with proper attribution, in educational and other non‐commercial settings. ISSN: 2202‐8005 © The Author(s) 2016 Simon Winlow, Steve Hall: Realist Criminology and its Discontents Introduction As one of the original architects of Left Realism, Roger Matthews is too well‐known for us to have to outline his many achievements and his influence on the discipline.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing the Application of Competing Theories of Justice Into American and Pakistani Policing Strategies James F
    Pakistan Journal of Criminology Vol. 9, Issue 3, July 2017 (1-24) Analyzing the Application of competing Theories of Justice into American and Pakistani Policing Strategies James F. Albrecht* Abstract Law enforcement agencies across the United States have implemented a number of enforcement philosophies since 1960 in an effort to counter rising crime rates, violence, and prolific victimization. The primarily reactive deployment of police resources in the 1960s and 1970s had proved to be ineffective. With drug related violence escalating, frustrated American police administrators opted to implement community policing with its proactive crime reduction and problem solving approaches. Crime control results were limited before showing signs of improved effectiveness in the mid-1990s. Many government and police leaders, as early as 1994, often instituted a ‘zero tolerance’ enforcement mandate, which directed that the police universally address both serious crime and quality of life infractions. Combined with timely crime analysis, the proactive arrest-oriented strategies quickly drew the attention of government and police leadership across the United States and internationally as crime rates in America continued to plummet. As a result, the ‘get tough on crime’ mindset rapidly replaced the neighborhood and public oriented approaches fostered by the traditional models of community policing. American state, regional, and local police agencies had thus shifted their enforcement strategy from one supporting the ‘left realism’ community focused theory of justice to one that has firmly grasped the ‘right realism’ crime and disorder control based ideology. However, with occasional allegations of racial profiling and police brutality following rare but dramatically sensationalized incidents, the reported successes of American crime control tactics may need to be re-evaluated.
    [Show full text]
  • Deviance and Social Control: New Right Realism
    Deviance and Social Control Deviance and Social Control: New Right Realism © Chris.Livesey: www.sociology.org.uk New Right Realism Deviance and Social Control New Right Realism Introduction If New Left Realist approaches to the study of crime and deviance owe some kind of debt to past theories of deviance, the same is true of New Right Realism. In this instance, however, the origins of New Right Realism lie in both Control Theory and, as you might expect, political Conservatism. Unlike the form of "Marxist Realism" of New Left Realism, the "realist" aspect of the neo-conservative theories grouped under the heading of the "New Right Realism" relates more to a "realistic" view about the causes of crime and deviance than to a particular set of methodological principles. In this respect, New Right Realist forms of analysis are, as we shall see, grounded squarely on positivist methodological principles. Thus, the "realistic" assessment of the causes of crime (a concept that’s used very loosely here since it’s probably fair to say that New Right Realism is not unduly concerned with concepts of causality in relation to crime and deviance) and, most importantly, its prevention, proposed by New Right Realists focuses on the idea that the reality of crime is very much a "what you see is what you get" principle. If we look at two of the organizational principles under-pinning New Right Realism, this idea should become a little more clear... 1. Ideologically, New Right Realism is, as I’ve noted, stridently Conservative in its political stance (which is not, of course, to say that this is a "bad thing", any more than the Marxism of Radical Criminology or New Left Realism is a "bad thing".
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of COVID-19 on Youth Offending
    THE UNIVERSITY OF HULL DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY The impact of COVID-19 on youth offending Being a dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of BA (Hons) Criminology with Psychology May 2021 LEANNE JADE KNOWLES Abstract When estimating the potential impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on youth offending, it is important to consider traditional theories of crime. This literature review aims to determine which of the secondary impacts of the pandemic have influenced crime during the crisis and can predict changes to crime rates in the future. Existing theories of crime such as ‘anomie’, control theories and the right realist perspective of offending can identify crime predictors and risk factors that may be aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The following review contains secondary research of personal accounts from individuals based on their experiences throughout the pandemic, literature on traditional theories of crime can be compared with the main issues raised by this research. The focus of the review is youth offending in the UK. Several theories have been used to explain the impacts of COVID-19 on criminal activity, for example, routine activities theory can help to explain reductions in crime following the national lockdown. Routine activities theory may be able to explain rises in crime when government restrictions are lifted, as opportunities for offending are to increase. Theories surrounding social disorganisation can be used to draw links between unemployment and youth crime. Disruptions in the structure of society are expected to increase criminal activity due to an increase in anomic frustration.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIT 3 THEORIES of CRIME Criminal Behaviour
    Causes Underlying UNIT 3 THEORIES OF CRIME Criminal Behaviour Structure 3.0 Introduction 3.1 Objectives 3.2 Definition of Crime 3.3 When an Act is Considered a Crime 3.3.1 Harm 3.3.2 Illegal 3.3.3 Malafide Intention 3.3.4 Criminal Intention 3.3.5 Concurrence of Intention and Conduct 3.3.6 Casual Relationship 3.3.7 Prescription of Punishment 3.4 Schools of Thought 3.4.1 Pre-Scientific or Demonological School 3.4.2 Free-Will School 3.4.3 Classical School 3.4.4 Ecological School 3.4.5 Geographical School 3.4.6 Typological School 3.4.7 Socialistic School 3.4.8 Sociological School 3.4.9 Positivist School 3.4.10 Italian School 3.4.11 Lacassagne School 3.4.12 Chicago School 3.5 Traditional and Modern Theories of Crime 3.5.1 Social Structure Theories 3.5.2 Social Disorganisation (Neighbourhoods) 3.5.3 Social Ecology 3.5.4 Strain Theory (Social Class) 3.5.5 Sub Cultural Theory 3.6 Individual Theories 3.6.1 Trait Theories 3.6.2 Control Theories 3.6.3 Symbolic Interactionism 3.6.4 Rational Choice Theory 3.6.5 Routine activity Theory 3.6.6 Neo-Classical School 3.6.7 Social Control Theory 3.6.8 Drift Theory 3.6.9 Rational Choice Theory 3.7 Complexity of Crime in Modern Times 3.8 Let Us Sum Up 3.9 Unit End Questions 3.10 Glossary 3.11 Suggested Readings 45 Approaches to Understanding Criminal 3.0 INTRODUCTION Behaviour Crime is an anti-social behaviour which a society rejects and to which it attaches penalties.
    [Show full text]
  • The SAGE Dictionary of Criminology Eugene Mclaughlin and John Muncie 3Rd Edition
    The SAGE Dictionary of CRIMINOLOGY EUGENE MCLAUGHLIN and JOHN MUNCIE 3RD EDITION 00-McLaughlin and Muncie-4391-Prelims.indd 3 19/07/2012 7:42:18 PM List of Entries A Community Corrections Abolition Community Crime Prevention Abolitionism Community Justice Action Research Community Policing Actuarialism Community Safety Administrative Criminology Community Sentences Aetiology Comparative Criminology and Criminal Anarchist Criminology Justice Animal Abuse Comparative Method Anomie COMPSTAT Anti-Social Behaviour Conditioning Appreciative Criminology Conflict Theory Art Crime Conformity Authoritarian Populism Constitutive Criminology Containment Theory B Content Analysis Behaviour Modification Control Balance Theory Behaviourism Control Theory Bifurcation Conversational Analysis Biological Criminology Convict Criminology Birmingham ‘School’ Corporate Crime ‘Broken Windows’ Correlational Analysis Crime C Crime Control Model Capital Punishment Crime Mapping Carceral Society Crime News Carnival (of Crime) Crime Prevention Causation Crime Reduction Chaos Theory Crime Science Chicago School of Sociology Crimes Against Humanity Child Abuse Criminal Careers Classicism Criminal Justice Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy Criminalization Cognitive-Behaviourism Critical Criminology Cohort Studies Critical Research Communitarianism Cross-Sectional Design 00-McLaughlin and Muncie-4391-Prelims.indd 13 19/07/2012 7:42:18 PM THE SAGE DICTIONARY OF CRIMINOLOGY Cultural Criminology Experimental Criminology Cybercrime Experiments Extraterritorial Law Enforcement
    [Show full text]
  • Crime and Deviance 3
    3 Crime and deviance Unit 1: The nature of crime, Unit 6: Marxism and radical Unit 2: Crime statistics Unit 11: Gender and crime deviance and social control criminology l Measurement l Sex role theory l Definitions l Traditional British Crime Surveys l Feminism l Relativity l Radical Police recorded crime l Masculinity l l l Social control Unit 7: Right realism, social Volume Victimisation l Unit 4: Explaining crime and order and social control Trends Unit 12: Age and crime l Offender characteristics deviance l Control theory l Statistics l Functionalism l Underclass Unit 10: Ethnicity and crime l Self-report studies l Strain theory l Crime prevention l Offending l Age-crime curve l l l Subcultural theory Unit 8: Left realism, social Victims Control theory l Status frustration order and social control Racism and criminal justice Unit 13: Location Opportunity structures l Sentencing l Victims l Chicago school Delinquency and drift l Imprisonment l Offenders l Opportunity theory l White-collar crime l Victimisation l Informal control l Routine activity theory Unit 5: Interactionism and l Formal control l Spatial distribution labelling theory l Deviancy amplification l Moral panics 2 The social distribution of crime and deviance by age, ethnicity, gender, locality and social class, including recent patterns and trends in crime 1 Different theories of crime, deviance, social order and social control 3 Globalisation and crime in contemporary Crime and deviance society; the mass media overview (pages 126–224) and crime; green crime; human rights
    [Show full text]
  • Crime and Deviance
    3 Crime and deviance Introduction We are fascinated by crime and deviance.This is evident from the mass media – from crime series on TV and crime reports in newspapers, from detective novels which are concerned with finding the criminal and explaining the crime, and from movies which often portray the more colourful, lurid and violent aspects of crime. Why this fascination? Criminal behaviour appears unusual and different. It involves risks which endanger those who commit crimes and their victims. For many people, out-of-the-ordinary behaviour seems much more interesting than their own humdrum activities. And to those of us looking on, the risks and dangers involved are often experienced as exciting and entertaining – from a safe distance! Crime and deviance break social norms – they deviate or diverge from conventional behaviour.This can be disturbing.We often fear crime and feel worried and anxious when taken-for-granted norms are broken.Why? Because such activities disrupt our sense of social order and threaten our view of the way things should be. And this adds to our fascination with crime. It should therefore come as no surprise that crime and deviance is one of the most popular topics in sociology. chaptersummary Unit 1 looks at the meanings of deviance, crime and Unit 9 looks at the relationship between globalisation social control. and crime, focusing on green crime and state crime. Unit 2 investigates evidence on the extent of crime, Units 10, 11 and 12 look at the relationship between trends in the crime rate, and the identity of offenders. ethnicity and crime, gender and crime, and age and crime.
    [Show full text]
  • Theories and Causes of Crime
    Theories and causes of crime Introduction There is no one ‘cause’ of crime. Crime is a highly complex phenomenon that changes across cultures and across time. Activities that are legal in one country (e.g. alcohol consumption in the UK) are sometimes illegal in others (e.g. strict Muslim countries). As cultures change over time, behaviours that once were not criminalised may become criminalised (and then decriminalised again – e.g. alcohol prohibition in the USA). As a result, there is no simple answer to the question ‘what is crime?’ and therefore no single answer to ‘what causes crime?’ Different types of crime often have their own distinct causes. (For more about definitions of crime see SCCJR What is Crime? You can also find out about specific types of crime at: SCCJR Violence Against Women and Girls; SCCJR Drug Crime; SCCJR Knife Crime) This briefing provides an overview of some of the key criminological theories that seek to explain the causes of crime; it is by no means an exhaustive list. Each of the theories covered has its own strengths and weaknesses, has gaps and may only be applicable to certain types of crime, and not others. There is no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ theory. The theories covered can be categorised into two main approaches: 1) Biological theories 2) Sociological theories 1 1) Biological theories Biological explanations of crime assume that some people are ‘born criminals’, who are physiologically distinct from non-criminals. The most famous proponent of this approach is Cesare Lombroso. Lombroso and Biological Positivism In the 19th Century, Italian prison psychiatrist Cesare Lombroso drew on the ideas of Charles Darwin and suggested that criminals were atavistic: essentially ‘evolutionary throwbacks’.
    [Show full text]
  • Suggested Answers
    SUGGESTED ANSWERS Here are some suggested answers for many of the activities/questions in the Revision Guide. Answers are not provided for all of them, particularly in Units 1 and 3, due to the nature of the Level 3 Criminology controlled assessments. Unit 1 Changing Awareness of Crime Activity 1.1, page 8 No answers provided. Explore online, page 9 1. The deep web refers to sections of the internet that ordinarily we do not access on a daily basis. Most of the time, only 4% of the internet is used. However, the deep web refers to the other 96% of the internet that can be accessed via navigating through individual sites, restricted access journals, archives, etc. Some parts of the deep web are not visible or traceable and are not regularly monitored. These parts of the deep web are known as the dark web. The dark web refers to parts of the internet that are concealed through identity-masking layers. This allows users to interact on the dark web without being tracked; however, encryption software may be needed for this as it often hides the origin of the data. (Source: https://www.youtube.com/ watch?reload=9&v=9nLWbeWWw3E) 2. The deep web can be accessed through customised digging through individual sites, subpages, restricted access journals or archives, etc. To access the dark web, often encryption software is required such as TOR (The Onion Router). TOR routes everything through a series of encrypted computers all around the world, making locations untraceable. (Source: https://www.youtube.com/ watch?reload=9&v=9nLWbeWWw3E) 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Crime and Deviance
    CRIME AND DEVIANCE SKILLS-BASED SOCIOLOGY Series Editors: Tim Heaton and Tony Lawson The Skills-Based Sociology series is designed to cover the Core Skills for Sociology A level (and equivalent courses) and to bring students up to date with recent sociological thought in all the key areas. Students are given the opportunity to develop their skills through exercises which they can carry out themselves or in groups, as well as given practice in answering exam questions. The series also emphasises contemporary developments in sociological knowledge, with a focus on recent social theories such as post­ modernism and the New Right. Published THEORY AND METHOD Mel Churton EDUCATION AND TRAINING Tim Heaton and Tony Lawson MASS MEDIA Marsha Jones and Emma Jones STRATIFICATION AND DIFFERENTIATION Mark Kirby CRIME AND DEVIANCE Tony Lawson and Tim Heaton HEALTH AND ILLNESS Michael Senior with Bruce Viveash Forthcoming POLITICS Shaun Best RELIGION Joan Garrod WEALTH, POVERTY AND WELFARE Sharon Kane CULTURE AND IDENTITY Warren Kidd FAMILY Liz Steele and Warren Kidd Skills-Based Sociology Series Standing Order ISBN 978-0-333-69350-6 (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published. To place a standing order please contact your bookseller or, in the case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG21 6XS, England CRIME AND DEVIANCE Tony Lawson and Tim Heaton MACMILLAN © Tony Lawson and Tim Heaton 1999 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • SUBJECT A2 Sociology Year 13 LP2
    SUBJECT A2 Sociology Year 13 LP2 This half term: Skills, Knowledge and Understanding to be developed: Key Terms / Words: Power and Control - Crime and Deviance Unit 3 Social exclusion, underclass, stop Skills (students WILL BE ABLE to by the end of the Learning Programme): Apply, and search, restorative justice, analyse and evaluate theories, explanations and research on crime and deviance false class consciousness, ( interactionist, right and left realism, postmodernist, feminist). deterministic, reify, institutional Knowledge (students WILL KNOW by the end of the Learning Programme): racism, social stigma, Knowledge of theories / explanations of crime and deviance (interactionist, right primary deviance, secondary and left realism, postmodernist, feminist). Knowledge of how crime is measured deviance,labelling, master status, and how social policy and the media impacts crime and deviance. deviant career, relative Understanding (students WILL DEMONSTRATE their understanding): deprivation, marginalisation, Distinguish between the different theories and explanations of crime and subcultures, zero tolerance, deviance (functionalist, Marxist, neo-Marxist, interactionist, right and left broken window theory, target realism, postmodernist, feminist, sub-cultural). hardening, discourse, intertextuality, globalisation, NB: This LP build on the work carried out on crime and deviance in LP1 harms of repression, harms of reduction, consumerism, patriarchal control, ladette culture, gender deal, class deal, viccing, focal concerns, differential association theory, drift theory. LP 2 – Week 1 Success criteria: Homework LP2 1 Learning Outcomes: 1. Describe, identify and discuss marxist Marxist and Neo-Marxist and neo-marxist theories of crime and theories of Crime and deviance. Using key terms and phrases Deviance 2. Evaluate and critically discuss marxist Students will be able to and neo-marxist theories of crime and describe, discuss and apply deviance marxist and neo-marxist 3.
    [Show full text]