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India on the Move

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India on the Move INDIA ON THE MOVE VOLUME-2 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PLANNING COMMISSION t NEW DELHI V o lu m e II January 2001 - D e c e m b e r 200 2 CONTENTS Page No. Forew ord................................................................................ i 119. Development o f Island Regions........................................ 673 120. Issues in Increasing Farm O utput....................................676 121. Energy Scenario.................................................................. 684 122. Dimensions of Knowledge Economy............................. 689 123. Information Technology in Transportation....................696 124. Ensuring Peace & Stability in A sia...................................701 125. Relevance o f Planning in Market Economy...................705 126. Accelerating Power Reforms............................................ 7 13 127. Strengthening Indo-UK T ies........................................... 7 18 128. Restructuring o f Planning Com m ission.........................723 129. Development Vision o f Maharashtra.............................. 727 130. Harmonising Development & Environmental Concerns .... 732 131. Towards Hunger-Free India..............................................738 132. Role of S&T in National Development.........................741 133. Assessing Women Workforce Contribution...................747 134. Impact ofW T O Agreement on Agriculture.................. 750 135. Promotion o f Small-Scale Industries.............................. 757 136. Development o f Children & Adolescents.......................759 137. Globalisation & Social Sector Development................. 763 138. Promoting Indo-ASEAN Co-operation.........................774 139. Action Plan under Mekong Ganga Co-operation........787 140. Human Resource Development for Health C are........790 141. Development o f North East Region................................795 142. Strengthening Indo-ASEAN Relations.......................... 800 143. Issues in Population Stabilisation................................... 804 144. Tasks before Construction Industry...............................809 145. New Campus o f IA M R ..................................................8 13 146. Tasks before Institute o f Applied Manpower Research .8 1 5 147. Toning up Development Process.................................... 8 19 148. Steps to Promote Tourism Sector.................................. 822 149. Maritime Dimensions o f National Security................ 824 150. Ushering in ‘Evergreen’ Revolution..............................836 151. Role of Co-operatives in Economic Development...... 841 152. Boosting Grassroots Innovations...................................846 153. Relevance o f Traditional Values in Modern India........849 154. Effective Management o f Natural Resources.............. 854 155. ftp# cfasR m ^ ....................... 858 156. Promoting Rural Industrialisation....................................861 157. Measuring Poverty L evel................................................868 158. Relevance o f Gandhiji s Economic Philosophy...........872 159. Preserving Our Cultural Heritage................................. 877 160. Export Prospects for Software & IT-Enabled Services...881 161. Women Empowerment through Gender Budgeting.... 886 162. Biotechnology & Economic Development.................892 163. Role o f Voluntary Sector in Nation Building............. 896 164. Application of I C T for E-Governance....................... 901 165. Toning up Fiscal Management........................................ 906 166. Empowering Panchayati Raj Institutions..................... 911 167. Poverty Alleviation in South Asian Region..................915 168. Reducing Infant M ortality..............................................920 169. Synergy between Government & Voluntary S ector....926 170. National Human Development Report........................930 171. Development of Transport Sector....................................934 172. India-UK Co-operation.....................................................939 173. Employment Dynamics in Information Economy.....944 174. Traditional Fuels & Indoor Air Pollution......................950 175. Commercialisation o f Indigenous Technologies............ 955 176. Strategies for Employment G eneration..........................960 177. Need for Pro-Poor Policies in South A sia...................... 964 178. Hepatitis B Vaccine in Immunisation Programme.....968 179. Task before SAARC Network o f Researchers.................970 180. Issues in Transport Sector Development.........................974 181. Issues in Sustainable Development................................. 980 182. Globalisation Impact on ASEAN-India Relations........984 183. Holistic Approach to Adolescent Development............ 987 184. Indian Experience in Development Planning................. 991 185. Role o f State Commissions in Population Stabilisation ... 1006 186. Removing Rural Poverty.................................................1011 187. Contours of India-ASEAN Economic Partnership .... 1015 188. Strengthening Indo-British Ties..................................... 1020 189. Social Security for Unorganised Labour........................1023 190. Toning up Construction Industry.................................... 1029 191. Air Power and Joint Operations....................................1034 192. Environmental Requirements & Market Access...........1039 193. Challenges in Achieving Economic G oals.....................1042 194. Vocational Training for Informal Sectors......................1047 195. Issues in Water Resource Management.......................... 1052 196. Importance o f Balanced Use o f Fertilizers.....................1057 197. Toning up Plan Implementation at State Level.............. 1064 w h k 'JlPf 001 Secretary Government of India Planning Commission Yojana Bhavan, Parliament Street New Delhi - 110 001 Tele : 23096574 Fax : 23096575 E-m ail: [email protected] May 28, 2004 FOREWORD Even though planning has been a central tenet of our approach to economic development since Independence, it has neither become ideologically rigid nor methodologically stultified. Each of our Plans has reflected the changing imperatives of the times and the theoretical and experiential developments from around the world. Some of the changes have been strikingly bold, while others somewhat modest. But change there has been. Never before has this inherent dynamism of the Indian planning process been more in evidence than in the past decade. The economic reforms that came in the wake of the crisis of 1991, and which have progressed steadily ever since, jettisoned some of the basic premises of our development paradigm and practically all of the instruments traditionally used for implementing our Plans. Nevertheless, the need for planning as a unifying strategic approach continued to be felt. The Ninth and the Tenth Five Year Plans embody the process of transidon from the tradidonal investment allocation form of planning to planning for a modern market economy. This transition involved not only a complete overhaul of planning methodologies, whereby more or less deterministic planning models had to be replaced by more behavioural systems which could better handle the nuances of ii policy change, but also the incorporation of a number of issues which had traditionally never been an integral part of planning. Thus, for example, fiscal issues had to be integrated into the planning framework, as also financial markets and governance. By and large, it would be safe to say that the new planning system had to pay considerably greater attention to sectoral specificities and regional idiosyncracies than was the case earlier. This shift from a directive to an indicative planning approach also required that the operational modalities of the Planning Commission undergo a radical alteration. In earlier years, it was sufficient for the Planning Commission to interact primarily with the Central Ministries and State Governments, which were responsible for the implementation of the Plan in terms of both investment allocations and projects and programmes. In the new economic environment, however, the Plan had to be communicated to a much wider constituency of stakeholders. Although the regular interaction with the various arms o f the government at different levels continued to be of great importance, it was equally important that the other actors in the development process, such as industry, non-governmental organizations, trade unions, academics, etc. be made fully aware of the role that they were expected to play in the growth and development of the nation. Thus, wider consultative and communication processes had to be instituted in the functioning of the Planning Commission. Much of these momentous changes in the Indian planning system were made under the stewardship of Shri K.C. Pant, who, as Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission, guided the process for a period of over five years from February 1999 to June 2004. He was not only responsible for designing and piloting the reorientation of the Planning Commission, but was also its most visible public face. Along with his regular interaction with Cental Ministries and State Governments, Shri Pant made it a point to participate in conferences, seminars and other functions organized by various stakeholder groups in order to explain the Plan in its many dimensions and to receive feedback. His speeches on these occasions explicate the complexities of planning in iii India in terms which are accessible
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