FABACEAE : MIMOSOIDEAE

Acacia alaticaulis Kodela & Tindale

COMMON NAME ‘Winged Sunshine Wattle’

RECENT SYNONYMS Acacia sp. Howes Mountain (R.G. Coveny 4108); Acacia sp. A sensu Kodela & Tindale, Fl. Australia 11A (2001); Acacia sp. 35 Howes Mountain (R.G. Coveny 4108 & R. Bisby) sensu Briggs & Leigh, Rare or Threatened Australian Plants (1996). TYPE SPECIMEN Howes Mtn, 80 miles (128 km) N of Windsor on the Windsor- Singleton road, N.S.W.; R.G.Coveny 4108 & R.Bisby; 26 Mar. 1972 Leaves Young foliage-tips reddish brown, ± glabrous or slightly puberulous, resinous. (holo: NSW106991). Leaves bipinnate; pulvinus to 3.5 mm long, ± glabrous; petiole to 5 mm long ETYMOLOGY (often < 1 mm), leaves ± sessile, with winged ridges, ± glabrous, bearing a gland just below basal pair of pinnae (or just above pulvinus), oblong to The specific epithet is from the Latin alatus (winged) and -caulis broadly elliptic, yellow-rimmed or red, glabrous, 1–2 mm long, 0.8–1.1 (stem), referring to the prominent winged branchlets. mm wide, with orifice depressed; rachis (14–)25–85 mm long (sometimes absent), with winged ridges, ± glabrous, adaxial surface distinctly grooved, DISTRIBUTION & KNOWN RESERVATION with a narrow longitudinal ridge often bearing a jugary gland just below Known only from Yengo NP, in the area east of Howes Valley. terminal pair of pinnae, ± similar jugary glands just below other pairs of pinnae towards apex of rachis, interjugary glands absent; terminal seta HABITAT narrowly deltate, to 3 mm long, ± glabrous; pinnae (1–)3–10 pairs, (12–) Occurs in sandy clay soils of Triassic Sandstone origin, on ridges 25–45(–60) mm long, 7–15 mm wide, mostly ± perpendicular to rachis; and slopes in woodland of Angophora bakeri, A. costata, Eucalyptus pinna-rachis with very sparse short hairs, usually bearing a small, glabrous punctata, E. piperita, E. sparsifolia, and Corymbia eximia. gland at base of terminal pair of pinnules, ± similar small glands at base of other pairs of pinnules; pinnules 7–17 pairs, opposite or alternately FLOWERING PERIOD arranged, well-spaced, oblong to narrowly oblong (± cultrate), narrowly December to May, possibly to August. ovate to lanceolate, narrowly obovate or sometimes elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 2.6–9(–11) mm long, 0.9–3(–3.6) mm wide, ± glabrous, adaxial NATURAL REGENERATION surface dark to mid-green, often slightly raised or keeled along midvein, Regenerates from seed after fire or other disturbance. abaxial surface paler, margin recurved, base asymmetric, apex acuminate or acute, 0.1–0.5 mm long. AFFINITIES Flowers Closely related to A. terminalis and A. kulnurensis. Differs in the Heads globular, (6–)8–16-flowered, (5–)7–11 mm diameter, pale yellow or well developed winged branchlets, petioles and rachises, sessile or pale cream, in axillary and terminal racemes or panicles to 33.5 cm long, near-sessile phyllodes and markedly recurved pinnules. raceme axes winged, ± glabrous or sparsely puberulous/pubescent, with 8–41 heads; peduncles 5–17 mm long, sparsely to moderately puberulous; KEY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES bract at base of peduncles broadly deltate, 1–1.5(–1.7) mm long, red-brown Shrub; branchlets, petioles and inflorescence axes glabrous and te- but dark brown when dry, ciliolate, persistent; bracteoles dark brown, tragonal, with conspicuous undulate wings along each angle; mature glossy, (0.7–)0.9–1.2 mm long, ± arrow-shaped or rhombic. Flowers 5- leaves bipinnate, sessile or with petiole to 5 mm long; 7–17 pairs merous; calyx 0.7–1.1 mm long, cupular, dissected for 1/8–1/3(–1/2) into very of pinnae; pinnules > 2 mm wide and < 20 mm long, lower surface broad lobes, ciliolate with pale yellow or white hairs, also at base and partly along midribs, lobe apices obtuse; corolla 2.1–2.5(–2.9) mm long, dissected distinctly paler than upper surface, recurved. for (1/2–)2/3 or to base, lobes narrowly ovate to lanceolate or ± narrowly CONSERVATION STATUS elliptic, midrib prominent, apices of lobes acute, thickened, incurved, granulate or with a small tuft of minute white hairs on inside surface near Rare. A suggested conservation risk code of 2RC-t has been applied tip; ovary glabrous. (Kodela & Tindale 2013), and an IUCN code of LC is appropriate. Fruits TAXONOMY Pods cultrate to linear, usually 60–120 mm long, 11–13(–15) mm wide, Kodela, P.G. & Tindale, M.D. (2013) Acacia alaticaulis and A. kulnurensis mostly straight sided ± irregularly constricted between seeds, usually (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), rare new species from New South Wales, curved, ± flat, slightly raised and sometimes rough over seeds, coriaceous, Australia. Telopea 15: 119–126. dull or slightly shiny, reddish or blackish brown, with fine often obscure transverse veins (usually radiating from margin and incomplete), glabrous; Habit margin pale, prominent. Seeds 6–11 arranged longitudinally or slightly Spindly, straggly and slender shrub or small tree to 4 m; smooth grey bark; oblique, 4.5–6 mm long, 3.3–3.9 mm wide, broad to very broadly ellipsoid longer branches often weeping. Branchlets angled, green, brown, reddish or oblongoid, black; areole closed, black, 2.5–3.8 mm long, 1.5–1.7 mm brown, purplish brown or bluish, ± glabrous, conspicuously winged by wide; funicle cream to fawn, filiform, expanded into a cap-like aril, c. 5 narrow, convoluted, pale brown to red or green (with reddish margin) prolonged along one side of seed. ridges 1–3 mm high, with low (< 0.1 mm high) striations between. 6

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e.

d. h. k. c. b.

i. a.

j.

p. l.

m.

f.

n. o. g.

Fig. 1: Acacia alaticaulis - a. flowering branch; b. pinnule, abaxial (lower) surface; c. pinnule, adaxial (upper) surface; d. pinnule, transverse section; e. bracteole; f. rachis apex (magnified), showing terminal seta and gland; g. new pinnule growth; h-i. capitula, showing open flowers and in bud; j. individual bud; k. flower showing calyx, corolla and stamens; l. anther; m. ovary and style; n-o. portion of winged stems, old and new growth; p. seed pod. Illustration by Christine Rockley. Specimen origin: Howes Valley. 7

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Acacia bulgaensis Tindale & S.J.Davies

COMMON NAME Bulga Wattle

RECENT SYNONYMS Racosperma bulgaense (Tindale & S.J.Davies) Pedley

TYPE SPECIMEN 6 miles (9.6 km) SW of Bulga on the Windsor-Singleton road; R.Coveny 4614; 14 Sep. 1972 (holo: NSW252872 & NSW475737).

ETYMOLOGY The specific epithet is a direct reference to the township of Bulga, branchlets. Bark grey-, dark- or reddish-brown, peeling in short flakes; south of Singleton, near to the type location. fibrous below and often corrugated at base in old trees. Branchlets not markedly triquetrous, becoming terete, light to reddish brown, glabrous, DISTRIBUTION & KNOWN RESERVATION usually distinctly glaucous particularly in new growth, viscid. Restricted to the Bulga and Milbrodale localities, south of Singleton. Phyllodes Known from Yengo and Wollemi NPs, and Pokolbin SF. Juvenile phyllodes ± straight, oblanceolate or narrow-elliptical, 3–7 cm long, 1.0–2.2 cm wide, resinous, glabrous except at high magnification. HABITAT Mature phyllodes borne singly, narrowly elliptic to very narrowly-elliptical, Occurs in soils derived from Triassic Narrabeen or Permian-aged rarely narrow-oblanceolate; 3.5–10 cm long, 7–15(–23) mm wide, 3–9.5 times as long as wide, mostly subfalcate, or falcate to straight, chartaceous sediments, as a low open woodland or forest in exposed or or sub-coriaceous, glabrous, often glaucous in new growth, flat, stomates semi-sheltered situations. Co-occurring species include Eucalyptus numerous, the margins very finely nerve-like, young growth reddish punctata, E. fibrosa, E. crebra, E. moluccana and E. sparsifolia. black and viscid; main nerves 3, subprominent to obscure, evenly spaced, longitudinal, separate to base; minor nerves parallel, ± non-anastomosing, FLOWERING PERIOD (3–)4–7(–8) per mm of phyllode width; apex acute, mucro 0.7–1.3 mm long, September to March. knob-like, often hooked, glabrous, inconspicuously glanduliferous;basal gland inconspicuous, c. 0.5 mm long, up to 3 mm above pulvinus, glabrous; NATURAL REGENERATION pulvinus 1.4–3.0 mm long, red-brown to very dark brown, obliquely or Regenerates from seed after fire or other disturbance. transversely wrinkled, glabrous; stipules caducous or persistent, c. 0.5 mm long, broadly deltate, apex acute, light brown, finely fimbriate. AFFINITIES Flowers Similar to A. matthewii, but differs in the smaller habit and smaller Spikes 3–5.2 cm long, densely flowered, bright yellow, borne usually in glaucous phyllodes. Acacia binervia, also a small tree with glaucous pairs or singly, along short axillary shoots (may grow out to be leafy); phyllodes, possesses finely-appressed hairy mature phyllodes peduncles 2.0–6.5 mm long, glabrous; rachis reddish brown, longitudinally (glabrous in A. bulgaensis). wrinkled, glabrous; bracts persistent, 1.0–1.5 mm long, broadly deltate, light- or reddish-brown, fimbriate; bracteoles 0.4–0.6 mm long; claw KEY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES 0.2–0.4 mm long, c. 0.1 mm wide, villous, hairs silvery or golden yellow, to 0.2 mm long; lamina perpendicular to claw, 0.2–0.3 mm long, ± deltate, Small tree with flaky bark; branchlets slightly angled, becoming ± glabrous to ± villous esp. along margins, without substantial dark terete, distinctly hairy; mature phyllodes ± glabrous, grey-green or scurf, apex ± acute, glabrous. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 0.4–0.7 mm long, glaucous, non-pungent, 3–10 times as long as broad, 3 main veins ± truncate or cut to 1/5 of length into obtuse sepals, densely pubescent to remaining separate to base, minor veins not anastomosing; bright villous, hairs white or yellowish, not scurfy; corolla deep yellow, 1.5–1.8 yellow cylindrical flower-heads on rachis 3–5 cm long; pods 3–10 mm long, cut to c. 1/3 of length into ± narrow-elliptical or oblanceolate cm long and 3–5 mm wide. petals, c. 3 times as long as calyx, sinuses acute, midrib often evident, glabrous, not scurfy; stamens with filaments to c. 3 mm long; ovary CONSERVATION STATUS narrow-oblong, glabrous; style 1.9–3.0 mm long. Rare and restricted, but locally common. A revised conservation risk Fruits code of 2RCa, and an IUCN code of LC, have been proposed (Bell Pods linear, (2–)3–9.5 cm long, 3.0–4.8 mm wide, 9–22 times as long 2008). as wide, straight, curved or slightly twisted, margin slightly constricted between the seeds, slightly raised over the seeds, tapering towards the TAXONOMY base and apex, thinly coriaceous, light brown, glabrous, glaucous, surface Tindale, M.D., Kodela, P.G. & Davies, S.J. (1992) Acacia bulgaensis and smooth with a few, fine nerves. Seeds (1–)2–9 arranged longitudinally, 4–5 A. matthewii, two new species of Acacia section Juliflorae (Fabaceae, mm long, (1.8–)2.0–2.4 mm wide, c. 2 times as long as wide, ± oblongoid, Mimosoideae) allied to A. cheelii, from eastern New South Wales, dorso-ventrally flattened, dark brown-black to black; areole slightly Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 5(5): 645–655. depressed, brown to black, 2.5–4.0 mm long, 0.5–0.7 mm wide, c. 0.4 mm wide at the opening, halo absent; funicle c. 3 mm long when folded, fawn Habit or orange-brown when dried, folded 2–3(–4) times and scarcely expanded Shrub or small tree, 1.5–6(–8) m high, with glaucous young phyllodes and into a small aril to 0.5 mm wide. 8

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d.

c.

b.

a.

i.

e.

h. g. f.

Fig. 2: Acacia bulgarensis - a. flowering branch; b. juvenile phyllode; c. adult phyllode, showing reddish colouring; d. pulvinus; e. flower spike; f. flower showing calyx, corolla and stamens; g. single flower, close to anthesis; h. seed with aril; i. seed pod. Illustration by Christine Rockley. Specimen origin: Milbrodale. 9

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Acacia dangarensis Tindale & Kodela

COMMON NAME ‘Mount Dangar Wattle’ RECENT SYNONYMS Racosperma dangarense (Tindale & Kodela) Pedley TYPE SPECIMEN Mt Dangar, 7.5 km W of Sandy Hollow; R.Coveny 10527 & P.Hind; 17 Dec. 1979 (holo: NSW148797). ETYMOLOGY The specific epithet dangarensis refers to Mt Dangar near Gungal, transverse, glabrous or ± mealy; petiole (0.7–)1.5–3.5(–4.7) cm long, the only known location supporting this taxon. with a ridge ± slightly flattened on adaxial side, glabrous except for very sparsely scattered, subappressed, white hairs to 0.2 mm long, adaxial ridge DISTRIBUTION & KNOWN RESERVATION bearing a gland just below or to half-way down from basal pair of pinnae; Known only from Mt Dangar, within Goulburn River NP. rachis (1.6–)3.0–6.0 cm long, ventrally flattened, with a prominent ridge on adaxial side, with very sparse, white hairs to 0.5 mm long, bearing one HABITAT (rarely two) gland(s) at base of each pair of pinnae; glands on petiole and Occurs in pure stands or co-dominates with Eucalyptus moluccana rachis circular to elliptical, red- or light-brown, often green near base and and Brachychiton populneus on basalt slopes of Mt Dangar. paler around orifice, (0.6–)0.8–1.7 mm long, 0.4–0.8 mm wide, glabrous Understorey species include Notelaea microcarpa, Nyssanthe or with a sparse cover of minute white hairs, the depressed orifice circular to elliptical or slit-like; terminal seta deltate with obtuse apex, 0.6–1.2 mm diffusa, Spartothamnella juncea and Abutilon oxycarpum, with a long, straight or curved: pinnae (2–)3–5(–6) pairs 3.0–7.8 cm long, 0.3–1.1 highly diverse ground layer of herbs, grasses and forbs. cm wide; pinna-rachis glabrous or with sparse, appressed or subappressed, minute, white hairs mostly around bases of pinnules, often bearing FLOWERING PERIOD just above secondary pulvinus a circular-elliptical, light to dark brown, August to September; fruiting October to December. glabrous or sparsely pubescent gland 0.25–0.6 mm long, 0.2–0.4 mm wide, the secondary pulvinus tan or red-brown, 0.6–1.3 mm long, glabrous NATURAL REGENERATION Obligate seeder. or with minute, white hairs mainly on upper surface, the pinna-rachis AFFINITIES apex 0.4–1.0 mm long, deltate, acute, curved, glabrous; pinnules 29–60 arranged alternately on pinna-rachis and becoming ± opposite towards the Closely related to A. decurrens, but differs in the absence of winged apex (1.7–)4.0–9.0(–13.5) mm long, 0.25–0.4 mm wide, narrowly linear, branchlets, shorter rachis (3–6 cm v 5–11.7 cm), fewer pinnae (2–6 glabrous (or young pinnules sparsely ciliolate with ± appressed white v 4–12 pairs), and smaller capitula (2–4 mm v 4–7 mm diam.). hairs), one central longitudinal nerve; apex ± acute, straight or oblique, apex and base often light brown. KEY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES Small tree; branchlets glabrous, no ridges; leaves bipinnate, jugary Flowers glands present, interjugary glands absent, petioles not continuous Capitula of 12–26 flowers, 2–4 mm diameter, golden yellow, borne in 6–32-branched racemes, in terminal panicles or in upper leaf axils; with branchlets; 3–5 pairs of pinnae; pinnules concolorous, 4–9 buds obovate; peduncle 1.5–3.7 mm long, greenish brown, ± glabrous or mm long, < 0.5 mm wide, 15–30 pairs per pinnae, single-veined; puberulous, apex ± mealy; bracts at base of peduncle ± broadly deltate flower heads in terminal panicles, > 12 flowers per capitula. or rounded, incurved, often minutely ciliolate or dentate and paler along margin, 0.3–0.5 mm long; bracteoles orange-brown; claw 0.4–0.8 mm long CONSERVATION STATUS with 2–3 longitudinal rows of white hairs and a peltate, ciliolate lamina Endangered in NSW, with a conservation risk code of 2RC-t 0.2–0.4 mm diameter. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 0.5–0.85(–1.2) mm long, (Briggs & Leigh 1996). An IUCN code of EN is appropriate. red-brown, paler near apex, midrib present, dissected c. 1/2 the length of the tube, densely ciliolate, ± hairy on upper part of midrib, apices rounded and TAXONOMY incurved; corolla 0.7–1.8 mm long, c. 2x the length of calyx, dissected 1/2–2/3 Tindale, M.D. & Kodela, P.G. (1991) Acacia tesellata, A. cangaiensis and of its length, the incurved petals pale yellow, oblanceolate, with midrib; A. dangarensis (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), three new species from northern stamens with filaments (0.5–)1.8–2.5 mm long;ovary subsessile, oblong, New South Wales, Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 4(3): 579–589. oblanceolate or elliptical, (0.25–)0.4–0.5(–0.7) mm long, 0.15–0.25 mm wide, brown or black, ± glabrous; style excentric, 0.7–2.3 mm long. Habit Small tree to 10 m high; bark smooth, grey, base of old trees blackish, Fruits corrugated. Branchlets blackish brown, terete with 4–6 longitudinal ridges Pods linear, ± straight-sided or slightly constricted between the seeds, c. 0.2 mm high, glabrous or ± mealy in parts, lenticels numerous. 3.3–8.3 cm long, 0.5–0.7 cm wide, ± glossy, light to dark brown or almost black, margins prominent, reticulation indistinct, transverse nerves more Leaves prominent, glabrous, raised over seeds, apex obtuse. Seeds 4–9 arranged New leaves at tip of branchlet tips dull greenish brown, glabrous except longitudinally, oblong-elliptical, 3.7–4.3 mm long, 2.2–2.5 mm wide, black, for a row of ± appressed white hairs on either side of pinna-rachis at dull-glossy; areole black, ± raised, 2.5–2.8 mm long, 1.1–1.5 mm wide; base of developing pinnules. Leaves bipinnate: pulvinus dark red-brown funicle cream coloured, ± convoluted, folded twice beneath the seed and to almost black, 1.0–2.6 mm long, 0.7–1.3 mm wide, wrinkles mostly prolonged to half way up one side, broadening into a basal aril. 10

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b.

c.

a. d. e. f.

Fig. 3: Acacia dangarensis - a. branch with capitula in bud; b. leaf; c. base of rachis (magnified), showing gland; d. capitulum, in bud; e. raceme with opened inflorescences; f. seed pod. Illustration by Christine Rockley. Specimen origin: Mt Dangar. 11

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Acacia fulva Tindale

COMMON NAME ‘Hunter Velvet Wattle’ RECENT SYNONYMS Racosperma fulvum (Tindale) Pedley TYPE SPECIMEN Northern slopes of Mt Wareng, Howes Valley, New South Wales; Constable 4220, Apr. 1963 (holo: NSW63249). ETYMOLOGY Not detailed, but likely from the Latin fulvus (tawny, dull yellow TAXONOMY with a mixture of grey and brown); a reference to the brownish red Tindale, M.D. (1966) New taxa of Acacia from Eastern Australia. No. 1. velvety hairs on pinnae and branchlets. Contributions from the New South Wales Herbarium 4(1): 19–23. DISTRIBUTION & KNOWN RESERVATION Habit Known from separate, disjunct populations in the Mt Yengo - Mt Shrub or tree 1.5 to 10 m high; bark smooth and greyish green on young trees but rough and corrugated on old trees. Branchlets slightly ridged, the Poppong - Winter’s Run areas of Yengo and Wollemi NPs, and also surface and ridges very densely and shortly lanate with velvety, silvery-grey on the northern slopes of the Gloucester Buckets. or rusty-coloured hairs about 0.8–1 mm long. HABITAT Leaves Occurs on isolated basalt extrusions within wider Triassic Young tips chestnut-coloured. Petiole 0.3–1.5 cm. long, terete, with 2 black, sandstone landscapes in the Wollemi-Yengo region, and on depressed-spherical glands towards the apex, shortly lanate with silvery- Carboniferous metamorphic sediments in the Gloucester area. grey or rusty-coloured hairs; rachis 2.2–7 cm long, terete, clothed as on branchlets, mostly bearing 1 or 2 closely spaced, very small, interjugary, In the Wollemi-Yengo area, Eucalyptus moluccana, E. tereticornis depressed-spherical glands (each with a yellow rim) midway between each and E. punctata dominate the canopy, over a grassy understorey pair of pinnae, as well as 1 or 2 closely spaced glands at the base of each with scattered shrubs, such as Indigofera australis and Breynia pair of pinnae. Pinnae 4 to 10 pairs, 3–7.5 cm long, 0.7–1.5 cm broad, oblongifolia. May also occur in surrounding sandstone areas in silvery-greyish. Pinnules 11 to 26 pairs, 3–9 mm long, 1.2–2 mm broad, forests of E. sparsifolia and E. punctata. narrowly lanceolate (6:1) to ovate (2:1) or narrowly lanceolate-oblong (6:1), the apex sharply acute with an apical tuft of white hairs, the lower FLOWERING PERIOD surface lanate with long, weak, silvery hairs which also occur along the April to June. margins in addition to a few on the upper surface. Flowers NATURAL REGENERATION Heads bright yellow, globose, in racemes or panicles, each head composed 2 Obligate seeder. Dense regeneration (10–15 stems/m ) has been of about 26 to 28 flowers, the peduncles stout, 0.5–0.8 mm in diameter, observed following fire in Wollemi NP (Bell 2008). tomentose with fawn or chesnut-coloured hairs; buds densely clothed with castaneous hairs; bracteoles with a broad, ciliolate or glabrous pedicel AFFINITIES which is expanded into a pear-shaped, dilated, curved, apical portion Similar to A. cangaiensis, which lacks the dense velvety hairs on densely clothed with long, white or fawn hairs, the apical tuft of hairs pinnules. A. wollarensis, also endemic to the Hunter, is clothed in a often as long as the pedicel. Calyx 1–1.2 mm long, obconical, very shortly white setose bristly indumentum. 5-lobed, fawn, scarcely angled, clothed with long, white, weak, sinuate hairs on the lobes and a few on the angles of the tube. Corolla about 2 KEY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES mm long, fawn, deeply dissected, with 5 acute, narrowly lanceolate lobes, Shrub or small tree; branchlets velvety with silvery-grey to clothed with a few, long, white, weak, sinuate hairs especially towards the brownish hairs; bipinnate leaves, pinnules < 15 mm long, apex. Stamens numerous, the filaments about 1.5–2.2 mm long. Anthers bilocular. Ovary sessile, dark brown, broadly oblong (3:2), the apex concolorous, densely silvery-hairy; flower heads in axillary and rounded and bearing a tuft of long, white hairs. Style laterally attached. terminal panicles. Fruits CONSERVATION STATUS Pods stalked, thickly coriaceous, dark brown, almost straight-sided, 6–11 Rare and restricted. A conservation risk code of 2RCa and an cm long, 5–6 mm broad, densely lanate, with soft, castaneous and silvery IUCN code of LC have been proposed (Bell 2008). hairs, 1–1.2 mm long. Seeds black, dull, longitudinal in pod, oblong- elliptical; funicle filiform at first with a loop, then thickened into a fleshy pileiform aril over the top of the seed, the areole prominent.

12

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b.

a.

f.

e. g. d. c.

Fig. 4: Acacia fulva - a. flowering branch; b. base of rachis (magnified), showing glands; c. flower showing calyx, corolla and stamens; d. capitulum, showing open flowers; e. capitulum, in bud; f. seed with aril; g. seed pod. Illustration by Tallulah Cunningham. Specimen origin:ex situ Gloucester. 13

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Acacia kulnurensis Kodela & Tindale

COMMON NAME ‘Kulnura Wattle’ RECENT SYNONYMS Acacia sp. Kulnura (R.G. Coveny 4142); Acacia sp. B sensu Kodela & Tindale, Fl. Australia 11A (2001). TYPE SPECIMEN 32.9 miles (53 km) c. S of Broke on the road to Kulnura, 1 mile (1.6 km) c. N of Bucketty, N.S.W.; R.G.Coveny 4142 & R.Bisby; 27 Mar. 1972 (holo: NSW106994). Leaves ETYMOLOGY Young foliage-tips densely pubescent, hairs yellow or white. Leaves The specific epithet kulnurensis is a direct reference to the village of bipinnate; pulvinus inconspicuous, to 2.5 mm long, pubescent; petiole to Kulnura, near to the type location. 5 mm long, often inconspicuous, pubescent, bearing a gland just below basal pair of pinnae or above pulvinus, broadly oblong, yellow, tan, orange- DISTRIBUTION & KNOWN RESERVATION brown or red, glabrous, 0.7–1.6(–1.8) mm long, 0.5–1(–1.2) mm wide, Predominantly in the Bucketty to Mangrove Mountain area, with with orifice depressed; rachis (6–)25–85 mm long, pubescent with hairs as outlying populations near Cessnock and the Watagan Mountains. on branchlets, adaxial surface grooved and with a longitudinal ridge often bearing a jugary gland at base of terminal pair of pinnae (gland to 1 mm Known from Yengo NP, Werakata SCA, Olney and Ourimbah SFs. below terminal pinnae, similar to petiolar gland but usually smaller), rarely HABITAT with a similar jugary gland at base of second pair of pinnae from apex, interjugary glands absent; terminal seta often recurved, narrowly deltate, Occurs in dry forest dominated variously by Corymbia eximia, to 3.2 mm long, ± glabrous; pinnae 3–13 pairs, 5–45 mm long, 6–14 mm C. gummifera, Eucalyptus agglomerata, E. capitellata, E. haemastoma, wide, mostly ± perpendicular to rachis; pinna-rachis pubescent, ± minute, E. sieberi, Angophora bakeri, A. euryphylla and A. costata. circular gland (to 0.4 mm long) at base of terminal pair of pinnules ± a similar gland at base of second pair of pinnules below apex; pinnules FLOWERING PERIOD (4–)6–15 pairs (opposite or ± alternately arranged), well-spaced, oblong March to September; fruiting September to December. to narrowly oblong, broadly to narrowly elliptic, lanceolate or ± narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, 2.5–8.5 mm long, 0.8–4 mm wide, midvein NATURAL REGENERATION inconspicuous, adaxial surface dark to mid-green, ± slightly raised or Regenerates from seed after fire or other disturbance. keeled along midvein, abaxial surface paler, margin recurved, ciliate, base asymmetric to slightly cordate, apex conspicuously acuminate. AFFINITIES Similar to Acacia terminalis and A. alaticaulis. Distinguished from Flowers Heads globular, 5–11-flowered, (5–)6–12 mm diameter, cream to pale the former by the sessile or near-sessile leaves, and from the latter yellow, in axillary and terminal racemes or in panicle-like arrangements by the absence of winged branchlets, petioles and rachises. at branch ends, raceme axes to 29 cm long, pubescent, with 3–45 heads; peduncles 4–15 mm long, pubescent; bract at peduncle base broadly deltate, KEY DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES 0.8–2.3 mm long, ciliate or ± glabrous, with distinct midrib, persistent; Shrub, branches and foliage with a yellowish, dull appearance; bracteoles ± conspicuous, variable, dark brown, glossy, 0.9–1.5 mm long, indumentum of erect, white or pale yellow hairs similar on arrow-shaped, claw 0.1–0.5 mm long, 0.15–0.55 mm wide, ciliate; lamina branchlets and foliage; almost sessile, bipinnate leaves with small usually narrowly to broadly ovate, (0.5–)0.7–1.35 mm long, densely ciliate glands; pinnules with margin recurved and apex acuminate; with yellow hairs to 0.3 mm long, also at base of outer surface. Flowers flower-heads pale yellow. 5-merous; calyx 0.7–1.1(–1.4) mm long, cupular, dissected for 1/7–1/2, ciliate with pale yellow or white hairs to 0.2 mm long, also at base and ± along CONSERVATION STATUS midribs, lobe apices acute to obtuse; corolla 1.9–2.8 mm long, dissected Rare, restricted. A conservation risk code of 2RC has been applied for c. 1/2 length or to base, lobes narrowly ovate to ± lanceolate, midrib prominent, apices of lobes acute, thickened, incurved and granulate or (Kodela & Tindale 2013). An IUCN code of LC is appropriate. with a tuft of minute, white hairs on inside surface near tip; ovary glabrous. TAXONOMY Fruits Kodela, P.G. & Tindale, M.D. (2013) Acacia alaticaulis and A. kulnurensis Pods long-stipitate, narrowly oblong to linear, (30–)50–130 mm long, (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), rare new species from New South Wales, 11–17 mm wide, mostly straight-sided, ± constricted between seeds, Australia. Telopea 15: 119–126. straight or curved, ± flat, slightly raised, ± corrugated over seeds, Habit coriaceous, dull, brown to purplish black, with fine, obscure transverse Slender, spindly, spreading shrub or small tree to 4 m; smooth grey or light veins, glabrous; margin pale, prominent. Seeds (3–)5–12 arranged brown bark; branches often numerous, pendulous. Branchlets angled, longitudinally or slightly oblique, 4.5–6.5 mm long, 3–4.2 mm wide, brown to pale green or blackish, sparsely to densely clothed with ± erect to oblongoid to almost rotund, black, dull to slightly shiny; areole closed, spreading, white, fawn or yellowish hairs (often appearing in tufts) to 0.4 black, flat or slightly depressed, 2.4–3.8 mm long, 1.1–1.7 mm wide;funicle (–0.6) mm long, with longitudinal ridges to 0.3(–0.4) mm high, not winged. cream to fawn, filiform, expanded into a cap-like aril, prolonged along one side of seed. 14

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i. l. j. k.

h.

b.

c.

a.

g. d. f. e.

Fig. 5: Acacia kulnurensis - a. flowering branch; b. pinnae detail; c. pinnule, transverse section; d. portion of rachis (magnified), showing gland and hairs; e. ovary; f. stamen detail showing anther; g. flower showing calyx, corolla and stamens; h, individual bud; i. capitulum, showing open flower; j. capitulum, in bud; k. immature pod; l. seed and aril. Illustration by Jocelyn Kelly-Milburn. Specimen origin: Werakata SCA, Cessnock. 15

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