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09. Natural Products and Toxinology 09.001 Chemical composition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition of the essential oil of Psychotria poeppigiana and molecular docking simulations. Marangoni JA1, Volobuff CRF1, Santos SM1, Oliveira Júnior PC1, Borges JAT1, Yamazaki DAS1, 2Gauze GF, Formagio ASN1 1UFGD, 2UEM Introduction: Essential oils are complex mixtures of odoriferous substances that usually present multiple pharmacology properties1. Psychotria poeppigiana Müll. Arg., popularly known as “beijo de negro” and “chapéu do diabo”, a shrub and wide distribution being found in Mato Grosso do Sul, is used in popular medicine for the treatment of fever, diarrhea and asthenia, little explored in chemical and biological studies2. The objective of this work was to verify the chemical composition and evaluate the acetylcholinesterase inhibition (AChE) of the essential oil of P. poeppigiana (EOPP) and molecular docking simulations. Methods: The EOPP was extracted from the leaves by the steam-drag method and quantified by GC/MS3.The EOPP was performed by in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibition using adult male rat brain parts4. The docking molecular of mAChE (acetylcholinesterase - Mus musculus) was carried using Autodock v.4.3.2, Molegro Virtual Docker v6.0 and GOLD program. Results: The GC/MS analysis identified 19 compounds, being germacrene D (29.38%) and bicyclogermacrene (25.21%) as the major components. Significant AChE inhibition of EOPPwas demonstrated in all structures evaluated: cerebral cortex (30.52%), hippocampus (81.50%), hypothalamus (55.88%) and striatum (83.62%). Donepezil control inhibition was 62.10%, 77.54%, 81.03% and 75.04%, respectively. The major constituents of EOPP showed interactions in both catalytic active site and peripheral active site. Germacrene D is highly hydrophobic and depth on the active site of the enzyme binding near of the key residues constituting the catalytic triad (Ser203, and His447) and choline-binding site (Trp84). Germacrene D exhibits favorable hydrophobic interactions with aromatic rings of five residues His447, Trp84, Tyr334, Tyr124 and Phe338. The molecular orientation of bicyclogermacreneshows that the compound binding near of the key residues of the peripheral site (Asp74, Tyr72, Phe338, Tyr124 and Trp286). The compound is stability by hydrophobic interactions with aromatic rings of amino acids Phe338, Phe297, Tyr124 and Trp286. Conclusion: In this study, it was evidenced the presence of 19 compounds in the essential oil of P. poeppigiana with predominance of sesquiterpenes. The promising inhibition of acetylcholinesterase can be attributed to the presence of these compounds, which demonstrated coupling with the active site of the enzyme, in the presence of molecular docking. License number of ethics committee: CEUA/ UFGD protocol nº 12/2017 Financial support: Capes, Fundect and UFGD References: 1. Bakkali, F., Food Chem. Toxicol., v. 46, p.446, 2008 2. Volobuff, C.R.F., Curr. Pharm. Biotechol., v.20, p.302, 2019 3. Adams, R.P., Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 4ºed., p.804, 2007 4. Ellman, G.L., Biochem. Pharmacol., v.7, p.88, 1961 1 09.002 Effect of the extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Açaí) on physical activity and vascular response in rats submitted to aerobic physical training. Oliveira BC, Soares RA, Bem GF, Santos IB, Carvalho LCRM, Costa CA, Ognibene D, Soares de Moura R, Resende AC UERJ Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the regular practice of physical exercise reduces the probability of developing cardiovascular disease, as well as improves physical performance and metabolic parameters, resulting in beneficial physiological changes to our body. Previous studies from our group demonstrated that the hydroalcoholic extract from the açaí seeds (ASE) has antioxidant and vasodilator properties increasing the NO bioavailability. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate if the effect of ASE treatment improves the physical performance of rats subjected to chronic exercise training and if it is associated with vascular function. Methods: All experimental procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee for the Care and Use of Experimental Animals of the Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes of UERJ (CEUA No. 037/2017). The ASE was obtained according to a protocol, previously described (Rocha et al., 2007). Fifty wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: Training (TR), Training+Chronic ASE (TR+C-A; 200 mg/kg/day administered for 35 days), Training+Acute ASE (TR+A-A; 200 mg/kg/day administered on the day of the exercise test), Sedentary (SD) and Sedentary+Chronic ASE (SD+C-A; 200 mg/kg/day administered for 35 days). The animals in the Training, Training+ASE and Training+ASE Acute groups performed a physical training protocol for 5 weeks, 4 times a week, for 30 minutes. The training intensity was 60% of the maximum speed reached during the maximum progressive test (Matsuura et al., 2010). The animals body mass was measured 2 times a week. Blood glucose and lactate were measured before and after 5 weeks of physical training. In the end of the experimental protocol, the animals were anesthetized and the mesenteric arterial bed was perfused with Krebs solution. Dose-response curves were performed for acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE). Results: All training groups obtained an increase in the time and distance in the maximum progressive test in the last weeks (p<0,05). The TR+ASE group achieved its best performance in the second week (p<0,05). In the vascular reactivity test, animals from the TR and TR+ASE groups obtained greater relaxation for ACh, when compared to the SD group (p<0,05). Both acute and chronic supplementation with ASE reduced the vasoconstrictor response to NE in relation to the SD group, in higher doses (p<0,05). There was no difference in weight, in glycemic and lactate levels. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ASE exerts a beneficial effect on the physical performance of the animals by increasing the distance covered and exercise time. Both physical exercise and ASE have a protective role on vascular function, which can reduce the vascular resistance and probably promote better oxygenation of the muscle. Financial Support: FAPERJ and CNPq 2 09.003 Antihypertensive effect of Alpinia zerumbet leaf extract in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Menezes MP, Carvalho LCRM, Soares RA, Santos IB, Bem GF, Moura RS, Costa CAD, Resende ADC, Ognibene D UERJ Introduction: Alpinia zerumbet is a plant from West Asia also abundant in northeastern and southeastern Brazil, where it is commonly known as Colônia. This plant is widely used in folk medicine, and its antihypertensive, diuretic and anxiolytic properties can be highlighted. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of chronic treatment with leaf extract from Colônia on cardiovascular changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: SHR, 90 days old, treated or not with the hydroalcoholic extract of Colônia leaves (50mg/kg/day in drinking water) for 6 weeks. Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as controls. Blood pressure was assessed once a week by tail plethysmography. At the end of treatment, the animal’s urine was collected for 24h and then the animals were anesthetized with thiopental (70mg/kg i.p.), blood was collected through abdominal aorta puncture, the mesenteric arterial bed (MAB) was isolated. Then, MAB was coupled to an organ perfusion system for the assessment of the responsiveness to vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated in urine, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) antioxidant activities were evaluated in plasma, by spectrophotometry. Results: The results demonstrated that the Colônia extract reduced systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures in treated SHR (p<0,05) to similar levels of control groups, but did not change the 24h urine volume. Norepinephrine promoted an increased vasoconstrictor response, and acetylcholine and nitroglycerin promoted reduced vasodilator responses in isolated MAB of SHR compared to controls (p<0,05). Although, the extract did not improve the vascular dysfunction in this model. The level of lipid peroxidation in urine was higher in the SHR group then in controls, while the treatment of hypertensive animals was able to reduce this parameter to similar levels of the control groups (p<0,05). The SHR group presented a reduced GPx activity in plasma compared with controls, while the treatment of hypertensive animals improved the activity of this antioxidant enzyme to similar levels of control groups (p<0,05). However, CAT activity was not different between the groups. Conclusion: The preliminary results of this study showed that Colônia has an antihypertensive action in SHR animals, which could be related, at least in part, to its antioxidant action. Financial Support: CNPq. Aebi, H. 1984;105: 121- 126. · Bannister, J.V.; Calabrese, L. Methods Biochem Anal. 1982; 32: 131-138. · Daugherty JD et al. Circulation. 2012; 125(13): 1635-1642. · de Moura RS et al. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2005; 46 (3): 288-294. · Draper HH et al. Free Radic Biol Med. 1993; 15 (4): 353-363. · Flohé L; Gunzler WA. Methods Enzymol. 1984; 105: 114-121. · Khurana S et al. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2013; 91(3): 198-212. · Lahlou S et al. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2003; 17 (3): 323- 330. · Levine, R.L. et al. Meth Enzimol 1990; 186: 464-478. · McGregor, D.D. J. Physiol. 1965; 177: 21-30 · Mpalatinos MA et al. Phy to the r Res. 1998; 12: 442-444. · Rocha AP et al. Vascul Pharmacol. 2007; 46(2): 97-104. · Santos BA et al. Phytomedicine. 2011; 18 (7): 539- 543. · Scala LC et al. Livro texto da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Manole. 2015; 780-785. · Sun, J. et al. Sensors 2003; 3: 276-284. · The JNC 7 Report. JAMA 2003; 289 (19): 2560-2572. · The JNC 8 Report. JAMA 2014; 311 (5): 507-520. · VII Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016; 107 (3 Supl. 3): 1-104. 3 09.004 Effect of the extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart.
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    Redalyc.Flower Morphology, Nectar Features, and Hummingbird Visitation to Palicourea Crocea (Rubiaceae) in the Upper Paraná

    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil B. Mendonça, Luciana; dos Anjos, Luiz Flower morphology, nectar features, and hummingbird visitation to Palicourea crocea (Rubiaceae) in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 78, núm. 1, março, 2006, pp. 45-57 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32778106 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2006) 78(1): 45-57 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) ISSN 0001-3765 www.scielo.br/aabc Flower morphology, nectar features, and hummingbird visitation to Palicourea crocea (Rubiaceae) in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil LUCIANA B. MENDONÇA1 and LUIZ DOS ANJOS2 1Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Av. Colombo, 5790, Bloco G90, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brasil 2Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Depto de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Laboratório de Ornitologia e Bioacústica, Cx. Postal 6001, 86051-970 Londrina, PR, Brasil Manuscript received on March 18, 2005; accepted for publication on July 25, 2005; presented by NANUZA L. DE MENEZES ABSTRACT We investigated flower morphology, nectar features, and hummingbird visitation to Palicourea crocea (Ru- biaceae), a common ornithophilous shrub found in the riparian forest understory in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil.