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Status and Need of Correspondents in the Republic of North Macedonia

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Status and Need of Correspondents in the Republic of North Macedonia PUBLIC POLICY DOCUMENT STATUS AND NEED OF CORRESPONDENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA Dragan Sekulovski, Project Director August 2019 This publication was prepared within the framework of the project “Secure Journalists for Credible Information in Macedonia” supported by the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Skopje. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of AJM and the authors and in no way it reflects the position of the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Skopje. Publisher: Association of Journalists of Macedonia Gradski Zid, blok 13 1000, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia Phone: 00389 (02) 3298-139 e-mail: [email protected] I.I. ВОВЕДINTRODUCTION he media and journalism in the Republic of North Macedonia are facing numerous challenges. TThe current trend in the media field in the Republic of North Macedonia continues to show strong vulnerability. Over the past decade, the situation in journalism has been at a critical level in many respects and this has contributed to the deterioration of the situation of correspondents – journal- ists from the internal parts of the country. II. SITUATION ANALYSIS With the application of information technologies, it is expected that this situation will evolve towards new trends in the media, which will *develop with intensity*. This means that the digital environment will con- tribute towards changing the media format and the public habits for their application. It is important that this process does not disrupt the basic purpose of the media, to be public service informants and watchdogs of democracy in society - at central, but also at local level. The media have obligation to perform informative and educational role responsibly and conscientiously. This means that journalism is the main factor in maintaining the balance between different theses in dif- ferent media, as well as maintaining security in the context of socio-economic and cultural sharing in modern society. In order to create sustainable development in the media sphere and to detect key issues in media activity, we have prepared situational analysis of the environment for media and journalism with specific recommendations that contribute to improving the socio-economic position of correspon- dents and strengthening the correspondent network, all in order to meet the needs of the public with topics of local public interest. For the purposes of this public policy document, AJM used data from the analysis of Association’s members, as well as other relevant entities investigating the situation, in the Republic of North 2 Macedonia and other countries, in order to provide essential and comprehensive data and infor- mation on the situation. Additionally, responses from previously submitted correspondence to the public broadcaster and some private media in accordance with the Law on Free Access to Public Information were used. II. SITUATION ANALYSIS he correspondent network of the public broadcaster and the national televisions is con- T stantly shrinking, and in some media it has been completely abolished. National media are heavily centralized in reporting and almost do not cover topics of local importance. Thus, the public does not have complete picture of the social conditions and processes in the country. In recent years, the situation has fallen to a very low level, which is indicative by the decision not award the “Mende Petkovski” award, due to financial reasons. This award was given to valorize the work of our correspondents and was dedicated to the famous journalist who died in Bitola in 2005. Finance is major problem for correspondents. All current research on the socio-economic status of correspondents shows that monthly allowances or royalties per published article or text can- not cover basic living expenses. The latest survey on the position of correspondents in Eastern Macedonia showed that as many as 54.2% of journalists receive a salary ranging from 11,000 to 16,000 MKD, and 11.9% of journalists have a monthly salary of 8,000 to 10,000 MKD, which is really devastating. Only 10.2% of journalists have a monthly income of more than 22,000 MKD. Some correspondents who cannot use local media resources and are forced to share their remu- neration with the camera operator or photographer, as national media almost never cover the cost. 3 This situation is devastating and has depressing effect on journalists, which also is reflecting on the quality of information MRT for the duration of 24 hours broadcasts 73 programs for its 3 channels, including the satellite channel: The First Channel (MRT1) broadcasts a 24-hour program; The Second Channel (MRT2) broadcasts a 24-hour program in minority languages: Albanian, Turkish, Ser- bian, Roma, Vlach and Bosniak; The Parliamentary Channel; The Satellite Channel (MRTsat) broadcasts a 24-hour program; As well as on 3 radio stations: Macedonian Radio First, Second and Third Channel. With the amendments to the Law on Audio and Audiovisual Media Services, MRT is obliged to open another 24-hour channel in Albanian, increasing the total number of TV channels to 5 and will have additional financial repercussions on its work. Reforms in the public service broadcaster are partly conditioned by the increase in the budget of this medium, as well as by the election of new members of the Programming Council, who should be competent and non-partisan staff. In this manner, the MRT will fulfill its mission to inform, educate and entertain the citizens. This view was often conveyed by AJM, other media organizations, as well as by some of the expert media public. MRT’s work is regulated by internal documents, the Statute, the Law on Audio and Audiovisual Media Services and the Law on Media. According to MRT’s publicly announced 2017 annual report (see Info graphic 1), its budget amounted to EUR 16,869,798, out of which 37% was earmarked for staff salaries.1 In a conversation with a member of the MRT Program Council, it was pointed that MRT currently employs 12 correspondents 1 MRT Annual Report for 2017, downloaded from: www.http://mrt.com.mk/sites/default/files/Консолидиран годишен финансиски извештај ЈРП МРТ 2017г.pdf 4 working for MRT1 and MRT2, and that this year MRT has published a call for new correspondents. However, this figure is low, given that another fully-fledged Albanian-language television channel will be launched. Infographic 1: Basic information MRT 2016 2017 848 12 The Media Information Agency (MIA), as an official public information service, was established in 1998, upon a decision of the Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia. It produces between three hundred and three hundred and fifty articles on daily basis and distributes them by email and simultaneously uploads them to its website. The service operates from 07:00 - 24:00 and reports in Macedonian, Albanian and English. In addition, there are about thirty correspondents in the Republic of North Macedonia and abroad, and it employs about 80 staff, OUT of which thirty are local and foreign correspondents. 5 III. COMPARISONКОМПАРАЦИЈА OF НАSITUATION СОСТОЈБИТЕ WITH THE СО MACEDONIANДОПИСНИЧКАТА INFORMATION МРЕЖА НА AGENCY МАКЕДОНСКАТА SITUATION ИНФОРМАТИВНА АГЕНЦИЈА or the purpose of this research, through the Law on Access to Public Information, we have provided Fdata on the state of the correspondent network in the state agency. CORRESPONDENTS IN 2005 Internal correspondents: A total of ten of them have a Temporary Employment Contract and their remuneration is between 2,000 and 13,000 MKD, and only two correspondents are employed on indefinite term contracts and their salary ranges from 18,000 to 20,000 MKD. Foreign correspondents: Only one correspondent in London with a temporary con- tract and fee 10,000 MKD. CORRESPONDENTS IN 2009 Internal correspondents: A total of 15 out of which 13 with temporary em- ployment contracts and their remuneration is 200 MKD for published news article, and the monthly fee could reach up to 8,000 MKD. Again, only two correspondents were employed on a fixed-term basis and their salary was 24,000 MKD. Foreign correspondents: A total of three correspondents, all with temporary employment contracts. The London correspondent had a fee of 15,000 MKD, 6 the Prague correspondent had a fee of 12,000 MKD and the Swedish one had a fee of 9,000 MKD. CORRESPONDENTS IN 2019 (as of May 2019) Internal correspondents: A total of 17 correspondents, out of which 9 with con- tracts for hiring advisor for correspondent services and their fee is 200 MKD per published news article. And 8 correspondents employed on fixed-term contracts, with a salary of 9,000 to 25,000 MKD. Foreign correspondents: A total of 5 correspondents, out of which 3 with con- tracts for hiring advisor for correspondent services, 1 with a temporary em- ployment contracts and 1 employed on indefinite term contract. The US cor- respondent has contracts for hiring advisor for correspondent services and his monthly fee is 50,050 MKD, while the Kosovo and Belgrade correspondents both being paid 24,600 MKD. The Brussels correspondent is hired on fixed-term contract and his monthly fee is 17,000 MKD plus 2,000 EUR for field compensation. Only the Athens cor- respondent is employed on a full-time basis and his salary is 21,600 MKD plus a 1,000 EUR for field compensation. According to the analysis, the quality of information provided by MRT and MIA requires the estab- lishment of developed correspondent network covering all 30 urban areas in the country. “For the 150,000 households in the Eastern Region of the Republic of North Macedonia, MRT has employed only three correspondents and no correspondent center is active. 7 IV. INVESTIGATIVE SURVEY ON SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY he results of the survey are devastating for journalism.
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