JOINT CENTRE FOR HISTORY AND ECONOMICS

KING'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE AND

ANNUAL REPORT 2007-2008

CENTRE FOR HISTORY AND ECONOMICS CENTER FOR HISTORY AND ECONOMICS AT CAMBRIDGE AT HARVARD

DIRECTORS DIRECTOR

Emma Rothschild Emma Rothschild Gareth Stedman Jones

ASSOCIATE DIRECTORS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Lizabeth Cohen Melissa Lane Robert Darnton William O’Reilly Dale Jorgenson Charles Rosenberg DIRECTORS OF STUDIES Emma Rothschild Elaine Scarry Caitlin Anderson Richard Tuck William Nelson

RESEARCH FELLOWS GRADUATE STUDENT ASSOCIATES

William Nelson Angus Burgin David Todd Philipp Lehmann Julia Stephens ASSOCIATE RESEARCH FELLOWS VISITING RESEARCH STUDENTS Sunil Amrith David Motadel Caitlin Anderson David Singerman Bernhard Fulda William O’Reilly COORDINATOR Gabriel Paquette Meg LeMay Paul Warde WEBMISTRESS OFFICE STAFF Amy Price

Inga Huld Markan ~ Executive Officer Mary-Rose Cheadle ~ Administrative Officer CENTER FOR HISTORY AND ECONOMICS Amy Price ~ Computer Officer/Webmistress HARVARD UNIVERSITY, 1730 CAMBRIDGE STREET, S-422 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE TELEPHONE: (617) 495 4001 FAX: (617) 496 0621 The Provost of King’s (Chair) http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~histecon A. B. Atkinson C. A. Bayly Nancy Cartwright JOINT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE Barry Supple E. A. Wrigley Ross Harrison Emma Rothschild Gareth Stedman Jones CENTRE FOR HISTORY AND ECONOMICS Barry Supple KING’S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ST Richard Tuck TELEPHONE: (01223) 331197 / 331120 FAX: (01223) 331198 http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk

ANNUAL REPORT 2007-2008

The Joint Centre for History and Economics at King's College, Cambridge and the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University was established on 1 July 2007, and the collaborative programme has developed throughout the year. The Centre's major research programme in 2004-2009, Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760, which is supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, is a joint activity of scholars in the two universities. At Harvard, the Centre will be supported in 2007-2012 by the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Science, and at Cambridge, the Centre has been awarded a grant by the Isaac Newton Trust to support the development of the new Joint Centre for History and Economics in 2007-2010.

In 2007-2008, the Joint Centre organised a History and Economics seminar series at both Cambridge and Harvard, a graduate workshop series at both universities, and supported three other seminar series. There were six continuing research programmes, and the Centre organised nine colloquia at Cambridge, and five at Harvard. There were six History and Economics students and four Mellon visiting students at Cambridge, and three History and Economics students and two visiting students at Harvard. There are informal meetings over tea on Wednesday afternoons at both Cambridge (in Trinity Hall) and Harvard (in the Center office, CGIS-S422.)

There has been an active programme of exchanges between the two universities, with visits to the Cambridge Centre in 2007-2008 by Professors Lizabeth Cohen and Richard Tuck (Harvard Executive Committee) and Professors Sugata Bose and Mary Lewis (Exchanges of Ideas programme), and visits to the Harvard Centre by Professor Gareth Stedman Jones (Director of the Centre), Professor Tony Atkinson (Cambridge Executive Committee), Dr William O'Reilly (Associate Director, and Exchanges of Ideas programme), Dr Sunil Amrith (Prize Student, 2001-2002, Coordinator, UN History project), Professor William St Clair (Research Associate), and Dr (Research Fellow, 1995-1996, Research Associate). Other visitors to the Harvard Center in 2007-2008 included Professor Erik Grimmer-Solem (Wesleyan) (Centre Graduate Student Associate, Leverhulme project on the Rise and Fall of Historical Political Economy, 1998-2001), Professor Stephan Klasen (Göttingen) (Centre Research Fellow, 1996-1997), and Professor Megan Vaughan (King's College.) Of the three graduate student associates at the Harvard Centre, Angus Burgin was a Mellon visiting student at the Cambridge Centre in 2006-2007, Philipp Lehmann was a Prize Student at Cambridge in 2006-2007, and Julie Stephens was a student associate of the Foundations of Democracy project at Cambridge. Meg LeMay, the coordinator of the Harvard Centre, visited Cambridge in July 2007, and Inga Huld Markan, the Executive Officer of the Cambridge Centre, visited Harvard in February 2008.

At Cambridge, three former Centre students were elected to research fellowships in 2008, D'Maris Coffman, Mellon visiting student, 2005-2006 (Newnham), Victoria Harris, Prize Student, 2004-2005 (King's), and Isaac Nakhimovsky, Prize Student 2001-2002 (Emmanuel). The other former Centre for History and Economics students in research or teaching positions at Cambridge in 2007-2008 were: Sunil Amrith (2001- 2002) (Trinity College/Birkbeck College, London), Bernhard Fulda (1998-1999) (Sidney Sussex College), Michael Edwards (2001-2002) (Christ's), Magnus Marsden (Affiliated Student, 2000-2001) (Trinity College/SOAS), Daniel Matlin (2003-2004) (Christ’s), Gabriel Paquette (2001-2002) (Trinity College), and Paul Warde (1995- 1996) (Pembroke/UEA), in addition to Caitlin Anderson (Trinity College, former Research Fellow at Harvard in connection with the Mellon Project), William Nelson (Research Fellow at the Centre and Trinity Hall), William O’Reilly (Trinity Hall, former Research Fellow at the Centre), David Todd (Research Fellow at the Centre and Trinity Hall), Adam Tooze (Jesus College, former Research Fellow at the Centre); and Melissa Lane (King’s College), Emma Rothschild (King’s College), and Gareth Stedman Jones (King’s College).

The Centre's main website displayed 92,575 pages in 2007 to visitors from 153 countries. This is an average of 253 pages each day or 1,775 pages each week. The new website at Harvard was launched in summer 2007. Two new websites were started in 2007, for the Digitization of History project and for the French Empires project. The environmental history website is now concerned with history and sustainability. The Centre web site addresses are to be found on the inside back cover.

In the course of 2007-2008, the Joint Centre has begun to develop two new research projects, which we expect to undertake over the coming five years. One, in cooperation with scholars at the Harvard Law School and at the University of Edinburgh, will be concerned with the history of the law and the use of legal sources in economic and social history; the other will be concerned with the history of economic thought and economic practices in India, and will be undertaken in cooperation with the Centre of South Asian Studies at the , and the South Asia Initiative at Harvard. We also hope to encourage a continuing discussion of new sources and opportunities for economic history and the history of economic ideas.

Emma Rothschild Gareth Stedman Jones Introduction

The Centre for History and Economics was established at King’s College, Cambridge in 1991 with a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to promote research and education in fields of common importance for historians and economists, and to encourage collaboration between the two disciplines. Its aim is to provide a forum in which scholars can address some of their common concerns through the application of economic concepts to historical problems, through the history of economic ideas and through economic history.

The Centre’s point of departure is fundamental research interest in the two disciplines. It also encourages the participation of historians and economists in continuing efforts to address issues of immediate and practical public importance, including economic security, poverty and inequality, political and economic nationalism, and globalization. The Centre hosts numerous conferences and colloquia each year. It awards several History and Economics Prize Research Studentships, through a studentship competition held in the spring. In addition, a small number of Prize Research Grants are awarded in connection with the Cambridge/Harvard research programme on Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760, supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The Centre is currently supported by grants from the Ford Foundation, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation, the Isaac Newton Trust, and the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University.

The offices of the Centre in Cambridge are at 3d King’s Parade, Cambridge, and the postal address is King’s College, Cambridge CB2 1ST. The web address is www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk.

The two Directors are Emma Rothschild and Gareth Stedman Jones. Melissa Lane and William O’Reilly are Associate Directors. The Research Fellows at the Centre in 2007- 2008 are William Nelson and David Todd. Sunil Amrith, Caitlin Anderson, Tracy Dennison, Bernhard Fulda, William O’Reilly, Gabriel Paquette and Paul Warde are Associate Research Fellows. The Directors of Studies at the Centre in 2007-2008 are Caitlin Anderson and William Nelson. The staff are Inga Huld Markan, Executive Officer/Editorial Associate; Mary-Rose Cheadle, Administrative Officer/Research Assistant; Amy Price, Webmistress/Editorial Assistant.

The members of the History and Economics Executive Committee are Professor Sir A. B. Atkinson, Professor C. A. Bayly, Professor Nancy Cartwright, Professor Olwen Hufton, The Provost of King’s (Chair), Professor Quentin Skinner, Professor Barry Supple (Deputy Chair), and Professor Sir E. A. Wrigley.

The offices of the Center in Harvard are on the 4th floor of 1730 Cambridge Street and the postal address is 1730 Cambridge Street, S-422 Cambridge, MA 02138. The web address is http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~histecon.

The Director is Emma Rothschild. Meg LeMay is the Coordinator and Amy Price is the Webmistress. Angus Burgin, Philipp Lehmann and Julia Stephens are Graduate Student Associates, and David Motadel and David Singerman are Visiting Research Students.

The members of the History and Economics Executive Committee are Lizabeth Cohen, Robert Darnton, Dale Jorgenson, Charles Rosenberg, Emma Rothschild (Chair), Elaine Scarry, and Richard Tuck.

5 Research at the Centre at Cambridge

Programmes at Cambridge

Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760 The programme, coordinated by Emma Rothschild, Christopher Bayly and Gareth Stedman Jones at Cambridge, and Sugata Bose and Richard Tuck at Harvard, is concerned with the long-distance movement and transformation of ideas, including ideas of political and economic connectedness. It is supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. There were two research fellows at the Cambridge Centre in connection with the programme, William Nelson and David Todd. Two new projects have been developed in 2007-2008, one concerned with French empires and the internationalization of the history of France, and the other with the digitization of history, and new ways of increasing access to archives and other sources of information.

Foundations of Democracy Democracy can be seen as the central challenge of practical reason in the contemporary world. This programme, coordinated by Amartya Sen, looks at the history of democracy and the different ideas and interpretations of democracy in modern discussion. The programme is supported by the Ford Foundation, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and the Rockefeller Foundation.

Religion and the Political Imagination The objective of this programme, directed by Gareth Stedman Jones, Ira Katznelson and Miri Rubin, is to contribute to an understanding of the ways in which individuals with different religious and political identities have coexisted, in the past and in the present, and of the political contexts of these relationships.

Partnership and Security The programme, supported by the Rockefeller Foundation and coordinated by Melissa Lane. It focuses its work on global political institutions, firstly the UN and international cooperation and secondly the changing roles and legitimacy of private actors. It furthermore initiates research on science, health and security and builds on other activities undertaken at the Centre in the area of public health.

Environmental Security The project, which is coordinated by Paul Warde, encourages continued cooperation between social and natural scientists engaged in environmental history or forms of historical ecology. The ‘Documenting Environmental Change’ website is available at www.envdoc.org and the ‘History and Sustainability’ website at http://www- histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/history-sust/.

UN and International History The project, initiated with two meetings on UN archives and coordinated by Sunil Amrith, aims to stimulate discussion and collaboration in the fields of United Nations and international history. The project's website, www.internationalhistory.org provides independent information for scholars interested in using UN archives, and will be expanded to include reviews, short articles and a discussion board.

6 History and Economics Seminar at Cambridge

The Centre organises the History and Economics Seminar which meets fortnightly on Wednesdays at 5pm. For a schedule of the seminars in 2007-2008, see page 25.

Graduate Workshop Series at Cambridge

The graduate workshop series provides an informal forum for graduate students to present their research or papers in progress to fellow graduates and faculty at the Centre. It is organised by the Directors of Studies and meets in Trinity College. For a list of titles and participants in 2007-2008, see page 28.

Colloquia at Cambridge

Religion and the Political Imagination from 1500 to the Present

A two-day meeting, organised by Ira Katznelson and Gareth Stedman Jones, was held in King’s College on 16-17 July 2007 as part of the Centre's programme on relations between church and state in comparative and historical perspective. The meeting examined secularisation and participants gave brief presentations of essays to be published in a volume. Participants included Karen Barkey, Callum Brown, Sudipta Kaviraj, Jytte Klausen and Hugh McLeod.

French Empires

An informal meeting was held in King’s College on 1 August 2007 on French empires, in connection with the Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760 programme. The aim of the meeting was to introduce the objectives of the new project, in relation to the exchanges of ideas within and across the empires, and to the prospects for a global history of France. Amongst participants were Chris Bayly, Susan Bayly, Richard Drayton, William Nelson, Gabriel Paquette, Pernille Røge, Emma Rothschild, Ruth Scurr and David Todd.

History and Sustainability

A conference, organised by Paul Warde was held on 6-7 September 2007 in the Centre for the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH). It provided a number of perspectives on the contribution historians can make to contemporary debates about sustainability and examined the following themes: international developments in the teaching of environmental history; current directions and debates within environmental history; historical ideas of sustainability; the role of history in educating for sustainable development in higher and pre-university education. Contributors included Rupert Brakspear, Vinita Damodaran, Brigid Hains, Poul Holm, Melissa Lane, Stephen Mosley, Jose Augusto Padua, Libby Robin, Sverker Sörlin and Paul Warde.

Conceptualising the political public

Bernhard Fulda organised a workshop centred around the theme of ‘Conceptualising the political public’. It took place at Gonville and Caius College on 25-26 September 2007. The starting point for discussion was the revolution of thinking about the political public/political publics brought about by the invention of opinion polling, and was

7 linked to Bernhard Fulda's next research project, a comparative and transnational study of the history of political opinion polling in Western Europe and the USA between 1920 and 1980. A second meeting, at which more formal papers prepared in the light of the first discussion will be presented, is scheduled for autumn 2008. Participants included Anja Kruke, Laura Beers, Jon Lawrence, Adam Tooze, Kerstin Brückweh, Joel Isaac and Melissa Lane.

Colloquium: Religion and the State in Pre-Modern Europe - Conversion

A conference took place at the Open University, Tel Aviv, Israel on 13-14 November 2007. This was a follow-up to the Conversion meeting in Cambridge in 2006 and brought together a group of authors contributing towards a volume on the theme of Conversion. Participants included Jeremy Cohen, Ronnie Ellenblum, Oded Irshai, Ira Katznelson, Ora Limor, Miri Rubin and Shulamith Shahar.

Historicising the French Revolution

A Centre supported graduate conference, organised by graduates from the History Faculties of Oxford University and the University of Cambridge, took place at St John's College and New Hall, Cambridge on 15-16 November 2007. By focusing on the interpretations and historiographies produced about and in response to it, the conference sought to examine in what ways the French Revolution constitutes a permanent engine for the development of History as a discipline. The confirmed speakers were Christian Amalvi, Keith Baker, Alan Forrester, Sudhir Hazareesingh, Stuart Jones, Lucy Riall, Gareth Stedman Jones and Robert Tombs. Papers were presented by graduate students from various universities in the UK and the US.

Globalising Urban Histories: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Politics, Material Cultures and Ideologies in World Cities

A two-day Centre supported event was organised by Leigh Denault, Emma Hunter and Eleanor Newbigin and held in the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH) on 4-5 December 2007. The aim of the conference was to look at the city as a site through which global networks of exchange and cultural transmission can be explored.

Enlightened Reform in Southern Europe and its Atlantic Colonies, c.1750-1830

A workshop, organised by Gabriel Paquette and supported by the Centre, took place in the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH) and Trinity College on 12-14 December 2007. It sought to broaden and reinvigorate the debate about the connections between enlightenment thought and government reform in Southern Europe and its overseas empires. The participants, drawn from universities in Britain, Latin America, continental Europe, and North America compared and contrasted the varieties of enlightened reform in Italy, Portugal, France, Spain, Brazil, and Spanish America in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Emphasis was placed on the exchanges of ideas about reform across states and empires, and between the Old World and the New.

Digitization of the Robert Hart Collection at Queen's University Belfast

This event in connection with the Digitization of History project took place in Trinity Hall on 29 April 2008. Deirdry Wildy, Senior Subject Librarian, Arts and Humanities,

8 Queen’s University Belfast and Jennifer Regan, Visiting Research Fellow, 2007-2008, Queen’s University Belfast, made a presentation outlining their experience digitizing the Robert Hart Collection at Queen's University.

L’internationalisation de l’histoire de France / The Internationalization of the history of France, 1750-2000

A workshop, coorganised by the Centre d’histoire de Sciences Po and the Centre for History and Economics, was held in Paris at the Institut d’Etudes Politiques on 3 June 2008. The workshop examined the implications of recent trends in global, imperial and transnational history for the history of France. It highlighted the international dimension of three aspects of modern French history: the end of the Old Regime in the late eighteenth century; the ideological origins of the second French colonial empire in the nineteenth century; and intellectual exchanges within the French postcolonial world since 1950. The meeting was organised by David Todd (Cambridge) and Pierre Singarevolou (Paris). Participants included Robert Aldrich (Sydney), Susan Bayly (Cambridge), Christophe Charle (Paris I), Richard Drayton (Cambridge), Marcel Dorigny (Paris VIII), Gareth Stedman Jones and Robert Tombs (Cambridge).

The Bhagavad Gita and Modern Indian Thought

Shruti Kapila and Faisal Devji organised a workshop, supported by the Centre, which aimed to bring together an international group of major intellectual and social historians to discuss modern interpretations of the ‘Gita’ as a philosophical and ethical text both within South Asia and also on its ‘outward journey’ into western political debate. The workshop took place on 6-7 June 2008 in Corpus Christi College and a second meeting is scheduled to take place in early 2009 at the New School University, New York. The resulting volume, provisionally entitled Politics in Action: Gita and Indian Modernity, will interrogate the relationship between political thought, religion and modernity. Participants included Chris Bayly, Dipesh Chakrabarty, Sunil Khilnani, Aishwary Kumar, Rochona Majumdar, Uday Mehta, Polly O'Hanlon and Andrew Sartori.

Instruments of Empire: Science, Information, and French Colonization in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries

This workshop discussed the various means that were used to foster French colonial/imperial expansion and to maintain colonial possessions in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It investigated ‘instruments of empire’ in the broadest sense; this could include instruments such as forms of bureaucracy, government information networks, the sciences associated with navigation, cartographic practices, trade policies, or even human beings. Participants included William Nelson, Pernille Røge, Anne-Isabelle Richard, Jacob Soll, Richard Serjeantson, Gareth Stedman Jones, and David Todd. The meeting was organised by William Nelson.

9 Research at the Center at Harvard

Programmes at Harvard

Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760

The Cambridge-Harvard programme is supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and is coordinated by Emma Rothschild, Sugata Bose and Richard Tuck at Harvard, together with Gareth Stedman Jones and Chris Bayly at the University of Cambridge. The programme explores exchanges, over long distances, of economic and political ideas and the ways in which ideas such as global connectedness, race, and liberalism are transformed in different settings. Its object is to bring together two promising developments in recent historical scholarship: on the one hand, the investigation of large-scale political, economic, and cultural systems, particularly within Atlantic and Indian Ocean history, and on the other, the history of political and economic thought within the broader context of economic, religious and legal history. For more details of the Exchanges programme, see www-histecon.kings. cam.ac.uk/research/hex/index.htm.

Digitization of History

The project was started in May 2007 by a group of graduate students, faculty, and visiting faculty at Harvard and the University of Cambridge. It seeks to encourage debates on the new possibilities and consequences of the digitization of historical materials and to explore new ways of increasing access to archives and other sources of information. In 2007-2008 the project has sponsored conversations and seminars on strategies for using electronic resources in teaching and research and the social implications of inequalities in information accessibility. More information can be found on the website at http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~histecon/research/digitization.

History and Economics Seminar at Harvard

The Center organises the History and Economics Seminar which meets on Wednesdays at 4:15pm. For a schedule of the seminars in 2007-2008, see page 26.

Graduate Workshop Series at Harvard

The graduate workshop series provides an informal forum for graduate students to present their research or papers in progress to an audience of their peers. For a list of titles and participants in 2007-2008, see page 29.

10 Colloquia at Harvard

Slavery and the Law

A roundtable discussion took place on 30 October 2007 with Professor Megan Vaughan (King’s College, Cambridge), Professor Walter Johnson and Professor Emma Rothschild. Participants discussed the uses of legal sources in research on slavery in Africa, America and the broader Atlantic world.

Histories of Economic Thought

A roundtable discussion was held on 7 November 2007. There were presentations by Professor Erik Grimmer-Solem (Wesleyan University), Professor David Armitage and Professor Emma Rothschild. Topics of discussion included new sources for the study of economic ideas, including literature, art, and music, and strategies for conducting multi- regional and multi-lingual research.

The Scottish Enlightenment

On 12 November 2007, Professor Nicholas Phillipson (University of Edinburgh) discussed research on Adam Smith with graduate and undergraduate students.

Informal Conversations on the Historian's Craft

Professor Robert Darnton participated on 20 November 2007 in an informal discussion with graduate students on the historian’s craft as part of a series of conversations by eminent senior historians on their path to the profession and their early development as historians.

Navigating Digital Resources: How to use Google Books

There was an informal discussion meeting with graduate students on 3 December 2007 about strategies and challenges of researching with Google Books.

Digital Resources and the History of the Book

A meeting took place on 5 December 2007 with Professors Ann Blair, Sugata Bose, Robert Darnton and Emma Rothschild participating. Topics included research partnerships between scholars working on the histories of the book in Asia and Europe and the new challenges libraries face in building and maintaining their global and digital collections.

Japanese Initiatives for Global Health and Human Security

This workshop with Keizo Takemi, former Japanese Vice Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, took place on 11 December 2007. Professor Susan Pharr, Professor Amartya Sen, and Lincoln Chen (Director of the Global Equity Center) all participated in a panel discussion.

11 Who owns Knowledge?

A workshop was held on 28 February 2008 with Professor William St Clair (Trinity College, Cambridge) and Professors Ann Blair, Robert Darnton, David Hall (Divinity School), Leah Price and Emma Rothschild. Participants discussed the problems of the current copyright regime in the face of the expanding digitisation of knowledge and potential new ways of organising the global information economy.

Early World Histories

A roundtable discussion on 17 March 2008 involved Dr William O’Reilly (Cambridge), Professor Bernard Bailyn, Professor Joyce Chaplin, Professor Daniel Smail, and Dr Ayesha Ramachandran (Harvard Society of Fellows).

Informal Conversations on the Historian's Craft

On 14 April 2008, Professor Lynn Hunt participated in an informal discussion with graduate students on the historian’s craft as part of a series of conversations by eminent senior historians on their path to the profession and their early development as historians.

The Global History of the 1920s

There was a meeting on 15 April 2008 organised around the visit of Dr Adam Tooze (Jesus College, Cambridge University). Participants included Professor Walter Johnson, Professor James Kloppenberg, Professor Erez Manela, Professor Emma Rothschild, Angus Burgin, Philipp Lehmann, Stefan Link and Julia Stephens

UN History

A roundtable discussion took place on 5 May 2008 with Dr Sunil Amrith (Birkbeck, University of London). This event was organised with the South Asia Initiative.

Transnational Histories of Public Health in Asia

A conference organised with the China Medical Board took place on 6 May 2008. Professor Lincoln Chen and Professor Emma Rothschild gave introductory remarks. The opening panel on China included presenters, Professor Mary Bullock (Emory University) and Professor Henrietta Harrison with respondents, Professor Bridie Andrews Minehan (Bentley College) and Professor Caroline Reeves (Williams College). A second session on The League of Nations and Japan included presentations by Dr Sunil Amrith (Birkbeck, University of London) and Professor Ian Miller with comments by Professor Sugata Bose and Professor Yusuke Dan (Tokai University). The final session concluded with remarks by Keizo Takemi and Professor Charles Rosenberg.

Economic Inequality in Historical Perspective

On 7 May 2008, Professor Sir Tony Atkinson (Nuffield College, Oxford) gave a presentation. Participants included Dr Sunil Amrith, Professor Esther Duflo (MIT), Dr Rachel Glennerster (MIT), Professor Walter Johnson, Professor Dale Jorgenson, Professor Emma Rothschild, David Mericle and Tyler Beck Goodspeed.

12 Visitors to the Harvard Center

Stephan Klasen visited the Center in October 2007 and spoke in the Economic History workshop. He is a Professor of Development Economics at the University of Göttingen. His most recent book is Determinants of Pro-Poor Growth in Developing Countries: Analytical Issues and Findings from Country Cases (2007).

Megan Vaughan visited the Center in October 2007, and participated in a roundtable discussion entitled Slavery and the Law. She is the Smuts Professor of Commonwealth History at King’s College, Cambridge. Professor Vaughan has written on the social, economic and cultural history of Africa, the history of medicine and psychiatry in Africa, and slavery in the Indian Ocean. Her most recent book is Creating the Creole Island: Slavery in Eighteenth Century Mauritius (2005).

Mary Kaldor visited the Center in November 2007. A Professor of Global Governance at the London School of Economics and Political Sciences at the University of London, she is also Co-Director of the Centre for the Study of Global Governance. Her most recent book is Global Civil Society: An Answer to War (2003) and she has been involved in work on human security at the Cambridge Centre.

Nicholas Phillipson visited the Center in November 2007 where he led a discussion with graduate and undergraduate students on the Scottish Enlightenment. He is an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Edinburgh and is preparing an intellectual biography of Adam Smith.

William St Clair visited the Center in February 2008 serving as the first speaker in the History and Economics Seminar with his paper on The Political Economy of Intellectual Property. During his visit, he also led a workshop on intellectual property entitled, Who Owns Knowledge?, in connection with the Cambridge-Harvard Mellon Programme on Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760. Professor St Clair is a Research Associate of the Centre and a Senior Research Fellow at Trinity College, Cambridge University. His many books include The Reading Nation in the Romantic Period and, most recently, The Grand Slave Emporium: Cape Coast Castle and the British Slave Trade. William O’Reilly visited the Center in March 2008 and participated in a discussion of Early World Histories as part of the Cambridge-Harvard Mellon Programme on Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760. Currently the Associate Director of the Centre in Cambridge, he is a lecturer in Early Modern History in the Faculty of History and a fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Dr O’Reilly has published widely on topics ranging from early modern European to comparative colonial history. He was the recipient of the Philip Leverhulme Prize in 2007.

Gareth Stedman Jones is Co-Director of the Cambridge Centre, Professor of Political Science in the History Faculty at the University of Cambridge, and a fellow of King’s College. He coordinates with Ira Katznelson the Centre project on Coexistence, Religion and the Political Imagination and has written extensively on the political, economic, and intellectual history of modern Europe. His most recent book is An End to Poverty? A Historical Debate. Professor Stedman Jones visited the Center in Harvard in March-April 2008 where he gave a paper in the History and Economics Seminar entitled Radicalism and the Extra-European World: The Case of Marx.

13 Adam Tooze visited the Center in April 2008, where he gave a paper in the History and Economics Seminar entitled Contesting the Facts: Trade Statistics and the Question of Weimar’s Stabilization 1918-1923. He participated in a workshop at the Center on the International History of the 1920s. Dr Tooze is a Reader in Modern European Economic History at Cambridge University and a fellow of Jesus College. In 2002, he received the Philip Leverhulme Prize for modern history. His publications include Statistics and the German State 1900-1945 and, most recently, Wages of Destruction: The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy, which earned him the 2008 . Sunil Amrith visited the Center in May 2008, where he led a roundtable discussion of UN History co-sponsored by the South Asia Initiative. He is involved in the UN History and Archives project at the Centre and coordinates the website on International and United Nations History (www.internationalhistory.org). During his visit, he presented a paper at the Center’s conference on Transnational Histories of Public Health in Asia and gave a talk in the South Asia Without Borders Seminar and a videotaped lecture for the UN History Project. Dr Amrith is a lecturer in Modern Indian and Southeast Asian History at Birkbeck, University of London and author of Decolonizing International Health: India and Southeast Asia, 1930-65.

Sir Tony Atkinson visited the Center in May 2008 and participated in a meeting at the Center on Economic Inequality in Historical Perspective. Sir Tony Atkinson is a Senior Research Fellow of Nuffield College, Oxford and is a member of the executive committee of the Centre for History and Economics at King’s College, Cambridge. His many books and scholarly articles include seminal contributions to the fields of public economics, economics of income distribution, and poverty.

14 Cambridge Members

Sunil Amrith (Prize Student 2001-02) is Associate Research Fellow at the Centre. He completed the Economic and Social History MPhil course in 2002. He defended his PhD, supervised by Emma Rothschild, on the history of the World Health Organisation and public health in Asia in 2004. He is involved in the UN History and Archive project at the Centre and coordinates the web site on International and United Nations History. He is a Fellow of Trinity College, and lecturer in Modern Indian and Southeast Asian History at Birkbeck College, University of London. His book Decolonizing International Health: India and Southeast Asia, 1930-65 was published in 2006.

Caitlin Anderson is Associate Research Fellow and Director of Studies at the Centre and a Fellow of Trinity College since 2003. She completed an AB at Harvard University and received her PhD in history, supervised by Emma Rothschild, from Cambridge University in 2004. She was a lecturer at Harvard University in 2005- 2006. Her dissertation research focused on legal nationality – the law of subjects and aliens – in Great Britain and the empire during the nineteenth century. She is currently engaged in enlarging the scope of that project to include the later eighteenth century and several sites of empire.

Bernhard Fulda (Prize Student 1998-99) is Associate Research Fellow at the Centre and a Fellow in History and Director of Studies in History at Sidney Sussex College. He completed his PhD in 2002. His dissertation examined the interrelation between politics and the press during the ‘golden years’ of the Weimar Republic, 1924-1930, and was supervised by Richard J. Evans. He is Fellow in History and Director of Studies in History at Sidney Sussex College. At the Centre he is involved in the work on the UN History and Archives project and the Centre project on Press and the Political Public.

Melissa Lane is Associate Director of the Centre, a University Senior Lecturer in History and a Fellow of King’s College. She is a Syndic of Cambridge University Press and a member of the Management Board of the Cambridge Programme for Industry, and is the Academic Secretary of the Faculty of History in 2007-08. She first joined the Centre in 1997 as coordinator of the Common Security Forum programme on disarmament and political thought. She has worked on a range of issues in political philosophy, including questions of security and authority. Recent publications include ’Introduction’ to Plato, Republic (Penguin Classics, 2007). At the Centre, she coordinates the Rockefeller Foundation funded research project on Partnership and Security.

William Nelson is a Mellon Postdoctoral Research Fellow and Associate Director of Studies at the Centre for History and Economics, as well as a Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He has been appointed to a Visiting Assistant Professorship in the Department of History at the University of Miami from autumn 2008. He completed his PhD in Modern European History from the University of California, Los Angeles in 2006. His doctoral dissertation, ’The Weapon of Time: Constructing the Future in France, 1750 to Year I’, dealt with how an active orientation towards the future emerged in the French Enlightenment. He is working on revising and expanding the dissertation into a book manuscript. In the course of these revisions, and as a participant in the Centre's research programme Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760, his research has expanded to include several issues in the French colonies in the Caribbean and in the Indian Ocean in the eighteenth century.

15 William O’Reilly is Associate Director and Associate Research Fellow at the Centre, University Lecturer in Early Modern History in the Faculty of History and a Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. In 2007 he was awarded a Philip Leverhulme Prize in History, and will be on academic leave from January 2008. He joined the Centre in 2004 as a Research Fellow on leave from the University of Ireland Galway. His research interests include migration and colonisation; early modern European history, especially of Habsburg Europe and Atlantic history. He is currently reworking a book manuscript entitled To Transylvania and Pennsylvania. Agents and Recruitment of Migrants for British North America and Habsburg Hungary, 1717-1780 and is planning a new project on Spanish-Austrian relations in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Recent publications include 'Border, Buffer and Bulwark. The Historiography of the Military Frontier, 1521-1881', in Steven G. Ellis and Raingard Eßer (eds.), Frontiers and the Writing of History, 1500-1850, Hanover (Wehrhahn), 2006.

Gabriel Paquette (Prize Student 2001-02) is Associate Research Fellow at the Centre and has been a Fellow of Trinity College since 2006. He completed a BA in History at Wesleyan University and an MA at the National University of Ireland Galway before coming to Cambridge. He received his PhD in history, supervised by Richard Drayton, from Cambridge University in 2005. The book coming out of his PhD dissertation and entitled Enlightenment, Governance, and Reform in Spain and its Empire, 1759-1808 was published by Palgrave Macmillan in January 2008. In 2006-2007 he was a teaching assistant at Wesleyan University. His research focuses on European and Latin American History since 1700. He also teaches these subjects at the University of Cambridge.

Emma Rothschild is Co-Director of the Centre and a Fellow of King’s College. She is Jeremy and Jane Knowles Professor of History at Harvard University and Director of the newly established Center for History and Economics at Harvard. Her book Economic Sentiments: Adam Smith, Condorcet and the Enlightenment was published by Harvard University Press in 2001. A Brazilian edition was published in April 2003 by Record, and an Italian edition in June 2003 by Il Mulino. Recent papers include ‘A Horrible Tragedy in the French Atlantic’, ‘Language and the Empire, c. 1800’ and ‘Global Commerce and the Question of Sovereignty in the Eighteenth-Century Provinces’. The Inner Life of Empires, based on her 2006 Tanner lectures at Princeton University, will be published in 2009. At the Centre she coordinates the Mellon Foundation funded programme on Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760.

Gareth Stedman Jones is Co-Director of the Centre, Professor of Political Science at the University of Cambridge since 1997, and a Fellow of King’s College since 1974. He coordinates with Ira Katznelson the Centre project on Coexistence, Religion and the Political Imagination. He completed a substantial introduction to Marx’s and Engels’ The Communist Manifesto for a new edition published in June 2002 by Penguin. His current editorial concern is the compilation (together with Professor Greg Claeys) of the nineteenth-century volume of the Cambridge History of Political Thought. He is also preparing the publication of the Carlyle Lectures, originally delivered in Oxford, provisionally entitled Before God Died: The Rise and Fall of the Socialist Utopia. His book An End to Poverty?, published in July 2004 by Profile Books and in 2005 by Press, concerns changing perceptions of wealth and poverty in the 1770-1914 period. He is one of the editors of the History Workshop Journal and was in 2006 elected Member of the Conseil Scientifique of the CNRS. He is on leave in 2007-2008.

16 David Todd is a Mellon Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Centre and a Research Fellow of Trinity Hall. His PhD dissertation, which was supervised by Emma Rothschild, looked at the impact of debates about free trade on French economic thought and political culture in the early nineteenth century. His monograph L'identité économique de la France was published by Editions Bernard Grasset in 2008. His current work concerns exchanges of ideas about international trade between Britain, France, Germany and the United States in the same period. He also has an interest in France’s colonial policies after 1815, especially in Algeria. He coordinates the Centre's research programme on the history of French Empires.

Paul Warde (Prize Student 1994-95), an Associate Research Fellow of the Centre, and previously a lecturer in History at Pembroke College, Cambridge, took up an appointment in autumn 2007 at the University of East Anglia as Reader in Early Modern History. He is engaged in research on the peasant economy and resource management in early modern Germany. He coordinates the Centre project on ‘Documenting Environmental Change’, which includes running a website to encourage interdisciplinary links and communication in the study of environmental change throughout history (www.envdoc.org). Dr Warde’s monograph Ecology, Economy and State Formation in Early Modern Germany was published by Cambridge University Press in June 2006 and his most recent book on Energy Consumption in England and Wales, 1560-2000 was published in 2007. He is currently developing a comparative research project on the energy history of Europe since 1500 with colleagues in the UK, Sweden, Spain, the Netherlands and Italy.

Cambridge Visiting Scholars

Christophe Salvat has been a Visiting Fellow of the Centre and a non-stipendiary Research Fellow at Robinson College since 2006. He is a Research Fellow in the CNRS (National Centre for Scientific Research) in France and was appointed in the Groupement de Recherche en Economie Quantitative d’Aix Marseille (GREQAM) in 2002. Dr Salvat’s PhD research at Lyon dealt with André Morellet’s contribution to the development and diffusion of French economic discourse; he completed the work while at Trinity College Dublin on a one-year grant awarded by the Conseil Régional. After finishing at Lyon, he was a research fellow at the Walras-Pareto Centre at Lausanne and taught economics at the University of Lausanne. At the moment Dr Salvat mainly works on the history of economic, political and philosophical ideas in the eighteenth century. His current research focuses more specifically on rationality, law and identity issues in the work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

Cambridge Centre Associates

Caroline Humphrey is Professor of Asian Anthropology at the Department of Social Anthropology at Cambridge, a Fellow of the , and a Fellow of King's College. She has been a Senior Research Fellow affiliated to the Centre since 2004, working on Coexistence, Cosmopolitanism and the City: A Study of Odessa, as part of the wider Centre project ‘Coexistence, Religion and the Political Imagination’. She works in Inner Mongolia on the politics on the landscape and in Russia on diverse themes of post-socialist social and economic transformations.

17 Ananya Kabir is a Senior Lecturer in Commonwealth and Postcolonial Literature at the University of Leeds, and a Research Associate at the Centre working on the long-term project ‘Charting the Past: Oceanic Networks of Exchange, 1780-1830’. Her current research interests are the relationship between cultural and political representation; theories of trauma, memory, mourning and affect; global and local Islams; post colonialism and/as postmodernism; and the work of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. In 2005 her book Postcolonial Approaches to the European Middle Ages (co-edited with Deanne Williams, York University Canada) was published by Cambridge University Press. In 2007, she was awarded an AHRC Knowledge Transfer Fellowship to work in conjunction with Shisha, Manchester, on a multi-faceted project entitled 'Home, Nation, Body: South Asian Women Artists Respond to Conflict'.

Ira Katznelson has been a Senior Research Associate of the Centre since 2001. He has taught at the University of Chicago and the New School for Social Research, and has been Ruggles Professor of Political Science and History at Columbia University since 1994. He was President of the American Political Science Association for 2005- 2006. At the Centre he has been one of the coordinaters of the programme on Coexistence, Religion and the Political Imagination. In 2005 he co-convened the conferences on ‘Religion and the State IV - The City’ and ‘Religion and the Political Imagination’ with Miri Rubin and Gareth Stedman Jones. His latest book When Affirmative Action was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth Century America, published in August 2005, discusses the New Deal, the South, and the shaping of post-war liberalism in the United States.

Catherine Merridale was at the Centre and Robinson College on a two-year research leave from Bristol University in 1996-98. She has been Professor of Contemporary History at Queen Mary, University of London since 2005. Her book entitled Night of Stone: Death and Memory in Twentieth Century Russia, 1890-1991 (Granta, UK, 2000; Viking-Penguin, USA, 2001; and Karl Blessing, Germany, 2001) won her the Heinemann Award in 2000. Her most recent book, a social history of the Red Army at war, Ivan’s War: The Red Army 1939-1945, was published in October 2005 and in the United States in 2006, and further editions have followed in Italy, Spain and Germany. Ivan’s War was nominated for a Samuel Johnson prize in 2006. She is working on a major cultural history of the Kremlin.

Miri Rubin is Professor of Medieval and Early Modern History at Queen Mary, University of London. She was awarded the Leverhulme Major Research Fellowship in September 2002. Her interests cover a wide range of social relations within the predominantly religious cultures of Europe between 1100-1600 and her books include Corpus Christi: The Eucharist in Late Medieval Culture (1991) and Gentile Tales: Narrative Assault on Late Medieval Jews (1999) and most recently The Hollow Crown: Britain in the Late Middle Ages (2005). She has coordinated with Ira Katznelson the Centre project on Coexistence, Religion and the State since 2001. She is currently working on a new cultural history of the Virgin Mary (forthcoming 2008).

Amartya Sen is Lamont University Professor and Professor of Economics and Philosophy at Harvard University and was until recently the Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1998. He is a Senior Associate of the Centre. His research has ranged over a number of fields in economics, philosophy and decision theory, including social choice theory, welfare economics, theory of measurement, development economics, public health, gender studies, moral and political philosophy and the economics of peace and war. At the Centre he has been coordinating the Foundations of Democracy project since 2004. His numerous works

18 have been translated into more than thirty languages and his most recent book Identity and Violence was published in March 2006. He chaired a Commonwealth Commission on promoting peace through civil means; the resulting report Civil Paths to Peace: Report of the Commonwealth Commission on Respect and Understanding was published in 2007.

Meena Singh is a Research Associate of the Centre. She collaborated with Paul Warde on the project on documenting environmental change before her move to South Africa in late 2006, where she is working as a Programme Coordinator at GISP (Global Invasive Species Programme). She is on the editorial board of the African Journal on Conflict Resolution and a consultant for the EU Sixth Framework Programme. Her current work concerns indigenous knowledge and conservation in Southern Africa.

Richard Tuck is Professor in the Government Department at Harvard University and a leading scholar of political thought. He is a long-term collaborator of the Centre. His works include Natural Rights Theories (1979), Hobbes (1989), and Philosophy and Government, 1572-1651 (1993). They address a variety of topics including political authority, human rights, natural law, and toleration, and focus on a number of thinkers including Hobbes, Grotius, Selden, and Descartes. His current work deals with political thought and international law, and traces the history of thought and international politics to Grotius, Hobbes, Pufendorf, Locke, and Vattel, to Kant. He is also engaged in a work on the origins of twentieth century economic thought; in it he argues that the ‘free rider’ problem was only invented, as a problem, in recent decades. He is on leave and based in Cambridge in 2007-08.

Adam Tooze, Research Fellow at the Centre from 1995-96, is Reader in History. He is a Fellow of Jesus College and continues to be affiliated with the Centre in connection with a project on the history of machine tools. In September 2001, his book Statistics and the German State, 1900-1945 which he worked on during his Fellowship at the Centre was published by Cambridge University Press. In 2002, he was one of the outstanding young scholars awarded a Philip Leverhulme Prize for his work on modern European history and economic history. He was on a sabbatical year in 2004-2005 while completing a major synthetic treatment of the economic history of Nazi Germany, entitled Wages of Destruction. The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy. The book was published by Allen Lane in June 2006, and won the Longman History Today Award in 2006 and the Wolfson History Prize in 2007.

19 History and Economics Prize Studentships at Cambridge

Prize Research Students 2007-2008

In the 2007-2008 academic year there were six History and Economics students.

Alexander Bevilacqua, Trinity College, studied towards an MPhil in Political Thought and Intellectual History under the supervision of Michael Sonenscher and Istvan Hont. His work concerns forms of cosmopolitan political thought in the eighteenth century in France, Germany and Britain. Katy Long, King’s College, was a second year PhD student in History, working on Political Theories of Voluntary Repatriation under the supervision of Melissa Lane. David Motadel, Pembroke College, was a second year PhD student in History, supervised by Richard Evans and working on Islam in Germany, 1918-1945. David was awarded the 2007 Essay Prize of the German History Society and the Royal Historical Society. Timothy Shenk, Clare College, was working towards an MPhil in Historical Studies under the supervision of Boyd Hilton and Martin Daunton. His research topic examined Marx and Engels' journalism and the thesis entitled is 'The Weapon of Criticism': Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and the New York Tribune, 1851–1861. Quyen Vo, Jesus College, was working towards an MPhil in Historical Studies supervised by Martin Daunton. His working title was Victims and Agents: European Volunteer Workers in Britain, 1946-1950. Rebecca Whyte, Trinity College, studied towards an MPhil in Economic and Social History, working on a comparative study of municipal public health programmes in late nineteenth-century urban Lancashire. Her supervisor was Simon Szreter.

Visiting Prize Research Students 2007-2008

There were four graduate students and postdoctoral visitors in connection with the programme on Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760.

David Mervart was a PhD Candidate in the Graduate School of Law and Politics at the University of Tokyo. He is also a Research Fellow of the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Science, Chiba University. His main academic interest is with Japan’s early modern political thought and the comparative material it offers in terms of reflecting the phenomena connected with the rise of commercial society. Christian Müller completed his PhD at the University of Heidelberg in 2007. His PhD dissertation, ’The Suffrage as Rhetoric Weapon’ (in German: Das Wahlrecht als Waffe. Die Wahlrechtsdiskussionen in Deutschland zwischen Revolution und Reichsgründung, 1848-1881) will be published in late 2008. His current interest focus on the history of nineteenth-century political thought in practice in Europe. He is visiting Cambridge for work on his current project, which examines the European ‘International Social Science Association’ between 1858 and 1875 and its relations to the English ’Social Science Association.

20 Isaac Nakhimovsky was in the sixth year of his PhD programme in the Department of Government at Harvard University. His research examines the history of eighteenth- century political thought and nineteenth-century foundations of modern social theory. His dissertation investigates J.G.Fichte’s Closed Commercial State (1800) and its contribution to a set of wide-ranging debates in political thought and political economy. His supervisor at Harvard is Richard Tuck. Jennifer Regan completed her PhD from Queen's University of Belfast in July 2007 and is currently revising her book manuscript, Ireland and India: the cosmopolitan politics of Alfred Webb, under contract for the Cambridge Imperial and Postcolonial Studies Series at Palgrave Macmillan. She also teaches in the School of History and works on the digitization of the Sir Robert Hart collection. Her research interests include nineteenth-century political, cultural, and intellectual history, the history of Ireland in the British Empire, and theories of international and global history.

21 History and Economics Students at Harvard

In the 2007-2008 academic year there were three History and Economics students

Angus Burgin is a fifth-year graduate student in the Department of History, focusing on transatlantic intellectual history since the late nineteenth century. His dissertation explores the intellectual foundations of modern conservative political thought, with a particular emphasis on the early members of the Mont Pèlerin Society and their perceptions of the relationship between established social norms and the competitive marketplace. He holds a BA in History and Literature from Harvard University, and has been a teaching fellow for courses on modern American social thought and historiography.

Philipp Nicolas Lehmann is a first-year graduate student in history at Harvard University. He received his AB from Princeton University in 2006 and his MPhil from the University of Cambridge in 2007. In his former years of study, Philipp has worked on the pro-colonial movement in Wilhelmine Germany and on information networks in colonial Southwest Africa. His current research interests revolve around exchanges of goods, ideas, and information in the imperial world of the late 19th century.

Julia Stephens completed her AB at in 2005 and her MPhil at Cambridge University in 2006. She is currently a first-year PhD student in the history department at Harvard University. She studies the intellectual and cultural history of India in the nineteenth century, with a particular interest in the trans-regional movement and exchange of ideas. Her work has included studies of international networks and ideas of trans-national community among Brahmo Samajists in Calcutta and Unitarians in Bristol as well as Muslim intellectuals in North India. She has subsidiary interests in the development of North Indian literary traditions, especially in Urdu and Persian.

Visiting Students

There were two visiting students.

David Motadel (Cambridge) is a graduate student at Pembroke College, Cambridge, working towards a PhD in history. He studied history and economics in Freiburg and Basel, before completing his MPhil in Historical Studies at Cambridge in 2006. He was a visiting research student at the history department at Harvard and held a doctoral fellowship at the German Historical Institute in Washington in autumn 2007. He is supervised by Richard Evans and works on Islam in Germany, 1918-1945. His research concerns the Muslim community in Weimar and Nazi Germany. He was awarded the 2007 Essay Prize of the German History Society and the Royal Historical Society.

David Singerman (MIT) is a first-year student in MIT's Science, Technology, and Society doctoral program. His interests range widely over late-nineteenth-century science and engineering. He spent an MPhil year at Cambridge's Department of the History and Philosophy of Science. In his dissertation he showed how analytical chemistry became entangled in colonial cane sugar production and labour. At MIT, he intends to write his dissertation on Simon Newcomb, an American astronomer, mathematician, and conservative and curmudgeonly economist of the late nineteenth century.

22 Graduate Training at Harvard

The Center offers a number of opportunities for graduate students to present their work in the fields of history and economics and encourages exchanges between senior and junior scholars. Each Wednesday, the Center hosts an informal meeting over tea where graduate students, faculty, and friends can gather to discuss their research and topics of interest.

In 2007-2008, the Center organised the following programmes and events for graduate students.

Informal Conversations on the Historian's Craft A series of conversations with graduate students and eminent historians on their path to the profession and their early development as historians. The series is supported by the Cambridge-Harvard Mellon Programme on Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760.

In previous years, Professors C.A. Bayly (Cambridge), Bernard Bailyn, and Drew Gilpin Faust have spoken in the series. In the academic year 2007-2008 the Center organised conversations with Professor Robert Darnton on 20 November 2007 and Professor Lynn Hunt (UCLA) on 14 April 2008.

Graduate Workshop Series The graduate workshop series provided an informal forum for graduate students to present their research or papers in progress to an audience of their peers. Graduate research associates of the Center, Philipp Lehmann and Julia Stephens, organised the series for the 2007-2008 academic year. For a list of titles and participants, see schedule on page 29.

Intellectual History Discussion Group The Center co-sponsors this discussion group, which meets periodically in the Center for European Studies to discuss both original texts and ongoing research in modern transatlantic intellectual history. Graduate research associate Angus Burgin is the current coordinator. The program is available at intellectualhistory.org.

23 Seminars

The seminar programmes in 2007-2008 were as follows:

The History and Economics Seminar at Cambridge

31 October 2007 Gareth Stedman Jones, Centre for History and Economics Radicalism and the Extra-European World: The Case of Marx

14 November 2007 Richard Tuck, Harvard University Edgeworth and Utilitarianism

28 November 2007 Jennifer Regan, Queen’s University Belfast The Race and Racism of the Late-Victorian Irish

30 January 2008 Paul Warde, University of East Anglia The Invention of Sustainability: Agronomy in Britain and Germany c.1500-1850

13 February 2008 Natalia Mora-Sitja, Downing College, Cambridge Gender, Economics, and History in Modern Spain

27 February 2008 Jan Otmar Hesse, University of Frankfurt The "Americanisation" of German Economics after 1945

12 March 2008 Eric Foner, Columbia University Abraham Lincoln, Emancipation, and the Rights of Black Americans

7 May 2008 Bain Attwood, Monash University/Smuts Visiting Fellow, Wolfson College Repudiating Aboriginal Sovereignty and Rights to Land in Britain's Australian Colonies: The Case of Batman's Treaty

21 May 2008 Herrick Chapman, New York University Democracy Embattled in the Age of Expertise: French Reconstruction after World War II s

28 May 2008 Natalie Ceeney, Chief Executive, The National Archives and David Thomas, Director of Technology and Chief Information Officer, The National Archives Research in a Digital Age - Experience from The National Archives

24 The History and Economics Seminar at Harvard

27 February 2008 William St Clair, Trinity College, Cambridge The Political Economy of Intellectual Property

12 March 2008 Maya Jasanoff, Walter Johnson, Mary Lewis, Emma Rothschild, Harvard University Histories of Economic Life

2 April 2008 Gareth Stedman Jones, King’s College, Cambridge Radicalism and the Extra-European World: The Case of Marx

16 April 2008 Adam Tooze, Jesus College, Cambridge Contesting the Facts: Trade Statistics and the Question of Weimar's Stabilization 1918-1923

25 Quantitative History Seminar at Cambridge

16 October 2007 Bob Allen, Department of Economics, Oxford Real Wages around the World

13 November 2007 Kerry Hickson, Downing College, Cambridge Quantifying Health and Welfare Gains in Twentieth Century England and Wales: An Initial Contribution

5 February 2008 Cristiano Ristuccia, Trinity Hall, Cambridge Does Political Consensus affect Financial Credibility? Evidence from Italy under fascism

19 February 2008 Tim Guinnane (co-authored with Sheilagh Ogilvie), Faculty of Economics, Cambridge University Demographic Responses to Economic Shocks: Württemberg, 1646-1914

26 February 2008 Natalia Mora-Sitja (co-authored with E. Camps, M. Camou and S. Maubrigades), Downing College, Cambridge Globalization and Wage Inequality: A Gendered Approach

13 May 2008 Elisa Newby, Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge Sustainable Monetary Policy Lessons and Evidence from the Suspension Period 1797-1821

26 Graduate Workshops at Cambridge

18 October 2007 Emile Chabal, Trinity College Uses and Abuses of History: Memories of the République in late 20th-Century France

25 October 2007 Stephen Thompson, Trinity College Official Statistics and the “Romantic” Critique of the Poor Law, 1810-20

1 November 2007 Siân Pooley, St John’s College Economies of Childhood: Pocket Money, Consumption, and Criminality in late Nineteenth and early Twentieth-Century England

8 November 2007 Victoria Harris, Wolfson College The Prostitute Experience and Prostitution Policy in Germany, 1914-1945

15 November 2007 Dan Matlin, Christ’s College Ghettos of the Mind: Kenneth B Clark and the Psychology of the Urban Crisis, 1960-75

22 November 2007 Andrew Fearnley, Christ’s College Where did all the Caucasians go? Or how American Psychiatry theorized race at the turn-of-the-century

12 May 2008 Timothy Shenk, Clare College ‘Newspaper muck’: Marx, Engels, and the New-York Tribune

19 May 2008 Alexander Bevilacqua, Trinity College Cloots, Rousseau, and the Federalism-World State Debate

26 May 2008 David Motadel, Pembroke College Islam in Weimar and Nazi Germany

2 June 2008 Katy Long, King’s College The First Repatriation Controversy: Nansen, the League of Nations and Russian Return, 1922-1924

9 June 2008 Quyen Vo, Jesus College Victims and Agents: European Volunteer Workers in Britain, 1946-50

16 June 2008 Rebecca Whyte, Trinity College Compulsory Notification, Infectious Disease and the Development of Public Health Policy in Bolton, c.1865-1905

27 Graduate Workshops at Harvard

4 December 2007 David Motadel Islam in Germany, 1918-1945: A General Research Outline

26 February 2008 Sergio Silva-Castaneda Far Away So Close: Mexico and Spain in the Second Part of the 20th Century

4 March 2008 Daniela Cammack Karl Marx and the French Revolution

11 March 2008 Tariq Ali Shifts in Economic Thinking in India, 1870s-1920s

18 March 2008 Dinyar Patel Politics of the Construction of British-built New Delhi

1 April 2008 Shirley Ye Business, Water, and the Global City: Hanseatic and Chinese Merchant Networks, 1829-1940

8 April 2008 David Singerman “Any Ass can manage a Sugar Factory”: Labor and the meaning of Chemical Control

15 April 2008 Julia Stephens The Global Village: George Campbell and Land Tenure Debates in the late 19th Century

28 Research Publications at Cambridge

Centre for History and Economics Related Books

Books published recently by Centre members and associates have included:

Gabriel Paquette Enlightenment, Governance, and Reform in Spain and its Empire 1759-1808 (Palgrave Macmillan, January 2008)

C.A.Bayly & Shruti Kapila (eds) An Intellectual History for India (Journal of Modern Intellectual History, Vol 4 No 1, special issue, April 2007)

Florian Schui & Holger Nehring (eds) Global Debates about Taxation (Palgrave Macmillan, April 2007)

Luca Einaudi Le politiche dell'immigrazione in Italia dall'Unità a oggi (Editori Laterza, 2007)

Paul Warde Energy Consumption in England and Wales, 1560-2000 (CNR-ISS, Naples, 2007)

Sunil Amrith Decolonising International Health (Palgrave Macmillan, October 2006)

Paul Warde Ecology, Economy and State Formation in Early Modern Germany (Cambridge University Press, June 2006)

Adam Tooze The Wages of Destruction. The Making and Breaking of the Nazi Economy (Allen Lane, June 2006)

C. Merridale (guest ed.) Culture and Combat Motivation (Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 41 No. 2 special issue, April 2006)

Amartya Sen Identity and Violence. The Illusion of Destiny (W.W. Norton, March 2006)

29

CENTRE FOR HISTORY AND ECONOMICS

2007-2008

Cambridge

EXPENDITURE INCOME

Wages, National Insurance and Pensions £150,000 New Grants £120,500

Rent, Rates, and Other Office Costs £ 26,000 Income from £125,500 Grants received in previous years

Conferences, Travel and Project Costs £ 78,000 Interest £ 8,000

Total £254,000 Total £254,000

Harvard

EXPENDITURE INCOME

Total £49,000 Total £49,000

Centre web sites

Centre for History and Economics at Cambridge http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/

Center for History and Economics at Harvard http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~histecon

Project web sites

Exchanges of Economic and Political Ideas since 1760 at Cambridge - http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/research/hex/index.html at Harvard - http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/research/hex/events.htm

Digitization of History http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~histecon/research/digitization/

French Empires http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/recherche/

Coexistence, Religion and the Political Imagination http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/research/cs/index.htm

International and United Nations History http://www.internationalhistory.org/

Environmental History http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/history-sust/ History and Sustainability http://www-histecon.kings.cam.ac.uk/history-sust/

The illustration on the front is called “Cloth merchant seated in his shop selling chintz to a customer.” Opaque watercolour, originally published/produced in c.1800. British Library Shelfmark Add.Or.2531.