View Annual Report

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

View Annual Report UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 OR ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from ___ to ___ Commission file number 001-35023 iBio, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 26-2797813 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 9 Innovation Way, Suite 100, Newark, DE 19711 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (302) 355-0650 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of exchange on which registered Common Stock, $0.001 par value NYSE MKT Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act: Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $11,540,000 as of December 31, 2013, based upon the closing sale price on the NYSE MKT of $0.34 per share reported for such date. There were 67,460,267 shares of the registrant’s common stock issued and outstanding as of September 26, 2014. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year, are incorporated by reference, in whole or in part, into Part III, Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. and 14 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. iBio, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K Table of Contents Page PART I Item 1. Business 4 Item 1A. Risk Factors 15 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 26 Item 2. Properties 26 Item 3. Legal Proceedings 27 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 27 PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 28 Item 6. Selected Financial Data 28 Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 28 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 31 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 31 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 31 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 32 Item 9B. Other Information 32 PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 33 Item 11. Executive Compensation 33 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 33 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 33 Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 33 PART IV Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 33 2 Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “iBio,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms mean iBio, Inc. Certain statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may constitute forward-looking statements as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “PSLRA”) or in releases made by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), all as may be amended from time to time. These cautionary statements are being made pursuant to the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the PSLRA with the intention of obtaining the benefits of the “safe harbor” provisions of such laws. All statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements. Forward looking-statements can be identified by, among other things, the use of forward-looking language, such as the words “plans,” “intends,” “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “projects,” “potential,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “seeks,” or “scheduled to,” or other similar words, or the negative of these terms or other variations of these terms or comparable language, or by discussion of strategy or intentions. Forward-looking statements are based upon management’s present expectations, objectives, anticipations, plans, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, events or developments to be materially different from those indicated in such forward-looking statements, including the risks and uncertainties set forth in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other securities filings by the Company. These risks and uncertainties should be considered carefully, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. As such, no assurance can be given that the future results covered by the forward- looking statements will be achieved. All information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K is as of September 29, 2014, unless otherwise indicated. The Company does not intend to update this information to reflect events after the date of this report. We maintain a website at www.ibioinc.com to provide information to the general public and our stockholders on iBio and its management, financial results and press releases. Copies of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and our other reports filed with the SEC can be obtained free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC on our website at www.ibioinc.com or directly from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov . Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 3 PART I Item 1. Business. Overview We are a biotechnology company focused on commercializing our proprietary platform technologies, iBioLaunch™ and iBioModulator™, and developing select product candidates derived from these platforms. iBioLaunch is a proprietary, transformative platform technology for development and production of biologics using transient gene expression in hydroponically grown, unmodified green plants. iBioModulator is a proprietary technology platform that is designed to improve the potency and duration of effect of both prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines produced with any recombinant expression technology including iBioLaunch. Stated simply, iBioLaunch harnesses the natural protein production capability that plants use to sustain their own growth, and directs it instead to produce proteins that comprise the active pharmaceutical ingredients in vaccines and biopharmaceuticals. The platform’s ability to produce a wide array of biologics is evidenced by, among other things, our validated pipeline of iBioLaunch-produced product candidates. The iBio pipeline includes vaccines, enzyme replacements, monoclonal antibodies, and recombinant versions of marketed products that are currently derived from human blood plasma. In addition to the broad array of biological products that can be produced with iBioLaunch, we believe this technology offers other advantages that are not available with conventional manufacturing systems. These anticipated advantages may include reduced production time and lower capital and operating costs. In May 2013, the speed of iBioLaunch production was demonstrated when a third party laboratory using the iBioLaunch platform was able, in a 21 day period from receipt of antigen sequence information to purification of recombinant protein, to successfully produce a vaccine candidate for the newly emerged H7N9 influenza virus. We believe the successful production of this vaccine candidate demonstrates, among other things, that it is possible to utilize the iBioLaunch platform to produce vaccine doses for emergency use against pandemic and bioterrorism threats in weeks rather than the months necessary with the use of engineered or attenuated virus strains.
Recommended publications
  • The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Tax Return Was E-Filed with The
    The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation tax return was e-filed with the Internal Revenue Service. The tax return and accompanying attachments posted on our website are presented as a view of the electronically filed data. Please note for ease of navigating the tax return we have bookmarked the various sections of the return. efile GRAPHIC print - DO NOT PROCESS ORIGINAL DATA - EIN: 562618866 Return of Private Foundation OMB No. 1545-0052 Form 990-PF or Section 4947(a)(1) Nonexempt Charitable Trust Treated as a Private Foundation 2007 Department of the Treasury Note: The foundation may be able to use a copy of this return to satisfy state reporting requirements. Internal Revenue Service For calendar year 2007 , or tax year beginning 01-01-2007 and ending 12-31-2007 G Check all that apply: Initial return Final return Amended return Address change Name change Name of foundation A Employer identification number Use the IRS BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION label. 56-2618866 Otherwise, B Telephone number (see page 10 of the instructions) print Number and street (or P.O. box number if mail is not delivered to street address) Room/ suite or type. 1551 EASTLAKE AVENUE EAST (206) 709-3100 See Specific Instructions. City or town, state, and ZIP code C If exemption application is pending, check here SEATTLE, WA 98102 D 1. Foreign organizations, check here . H Check type of organization: Section 501(c)(3) exempt private foundation 2. Foreign organizations meeting the 85% test, check here and attach computation Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust Other taxable private foundation E If private foundation status was terminated I Fair market value of all assets at end J Accounting method: Cash Accrual under section 507(b)(1)(A), check here of year (from Part II, col.
    [Show full text]
  • Developing Vaccines for Neglected Diseases
    Developing Vaccines for Neglected Diseases Vaccine Technologies II Albufeira, Portugal June 5th, 2008 Douglas Holtzman, Ph.D., M.P.H. Senior Program Officer, Global Health Program Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 1 Three Programs, One Goal: Equity US Program » High school education » Public library internet access Global Development » Financial services for the poor (e.g. microfinance) » Agricultural productivity and markets Global Health 2 Perspective on Global Health The vision: To ensure that a child born in the developing world has the same chance for good health as a child born in the developed world The goal: Build on advances in science and technology to save lives, improve health, and reduce disease in the developing world 3 Prioritization Burden of disease Inequity of burden Lack of attention Possibility for impact 4 Disease Areas HIV (vaccines, microbicides, treatment, prevention, education) TB (drugs, vaccines, diagnostics) Malaria (drugs, vaccines, vector control, diagnostics, scale-up) Pneumonia Diarrhea Nutrition Maternal Health Discover, develop and deliver Kinetoplastids innovative solutions Helminths HPV Dengue/Japanese Encephalitis Polio 5 Partnerships Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) Global Fund for AIDS, TB and Malaria HIV Vaccine Enterprise Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI) MACEPA PATH Vaccine Solutions (PVS) Aeras (TB Vaccines) Global Alliance for TB Drug Development (GATB) ACHAP Grand Challenges in Global Health IVI/PDVI Etc….
    [Show full text]
  • Infectious Diseases
    2013 MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT REPORT Infectious Diseases A Report on Diseases Caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites PRESENTED BY AMERICA’S BIOPHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH COMPANIES Biopharmaceutical Research Evolves Against Infectious Diseases with Nearly 400 Medicines and Vaccines in Testing Throughout history, infectious diseases hepatitis C that inhibits the enzyme have taken a devastating toll on the lives essential for viral replication. and well-being of people around the • An anti-malarial drug that has shown Medicines in Development world. Caused when pathogens such activity against Plasmodium falci- For Infectious Diseases as bacteria or viruses enter a body and parum malaria which is resistant to multiply, infectious diseases were the current treatments. Application leading cause of death in the United Submitted States until the 1920s. Today, vaccines • A potential new antibiotic to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Phase III and infectious disease treatments have proven to be effective treatments in aureus (MRSA). Phase II many cases, but infectious diseases still • A novel treatment that works by Phase I pose a very serious threat to patients. blocking the ability of the smallpox Recently, some infectious pathogens, virus to spread to other cells, thus 226 such as pseudomonas bacteria, have preventing it from causing disease. become resistant to available treatments. Infectious diseases may never be fully Diseases once considered conquered, eradicated. However, new knowledge, such as tuberculosis, have reemerged new technologies, and the continuing as a growing health threat. commitment of America’s biopharma- America’s biopharmaceutical research ceutical research companies can help companies are developing 394 medicines meet the continuing—and ever-changing and vaccines to combat the many threats —threat from infectious diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • Antigen Discovery in Trypanosoma Vivax
    Antigen discovery in Trypanosoma vivax Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Alessandra Isabella Romero Ramirez February 2020 Author’s declaration The expression of recombinant proteins was performed by Dr. Nicole Muller-Sienerth at the Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Cambridge, UK). The mice immunization and challenge was carried out by Dr. Delphine Autheman from the Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory at the animal facility from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. The immunization and challenge of goats as well as sample collection was performed by MSc. Kayo José Garcia de Almeida Castilho Neto at the Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences from the Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) in Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Except from the advice acknowledged, I declare that this thesis is a presentation of my own original work. Alessandra Isabella Romero Ramirez 20th February 2020 I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my PhD thesis supervisor, Dr. Andrew Jackson for his guidance throughout the project, patience and belief in me. I highly appreciate his motivation, immense knowledge and critical advice during these years. I am truly thankful for the guidance and opportunities given. I gratefully acknowledge the funding body that made my PhD work possible. I was funded by FONDECYT-CONCYTEC, the National Council of Science, Technology and Innovation from Peru (grant contract number 001-2016-FONDECYT). I would specially like to acknowledge members from the Cell Surface Signalling laboratory at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, to the group leader Gavin Wright, postdoctoral Delphine Autheman and the senior technician Nicole Muller-Sienerth for their enormous contribution on this doctoral project.
    [Show full text]
  • SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (Sis)
    SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (SIs) FY 2011 Senate Appropriations Committee Report Table of Contents NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE 7 NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE 24 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH 33 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES 37 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE 47 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 58 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES 69 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 70 NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE 84 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 86 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING 92 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASE 97 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS DISORDERS 103 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH 113 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE 117 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM 129 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING 131 NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES 133 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES 136 FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER 137 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE 139 OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 144 A Access to Research Information 139 Adolescents 7 Adverse Pregnancy Outcome 70 Age-related Bone Loss 92 Alternative Methods of Testing 86 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) 144 Angiogenesis 24 Autoimmune Diseases 145 B Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences 146 Basic Cell Research 147 Behavioral Economics 93 Behavioral Genetics 117 Behavioral Management Drugs for Children 114 Behavioral Neuroscience
    [Show full text]
  • Enabling Next Gen Biologics
    Enabling Next Gen Biologics CORPORATE PRESENTATION Tom Isett, Chairman & CEO 1 2 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this presentation constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1195, as amended. Words such as "may," "might," "will," "should," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue," "predict," "forecast," "project," "plan," "intend" or similar expressions, or statements regarding intent, belief, or current expectations, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon current estimates. While the Company believes these forward-looking statements are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on any such forward-looking statements, which are based on information available to us on the date of this presentation. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations and assumptions from those set forth or implied by any forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among others, the Company’s ability to obtain regulatory approvals for commercialization of its product candidates, including its COVID-19 vaccines, or to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements, regulatory limitations relating to its ability to promote or commercialize its product candidates for specific indications,
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent (10 ) Patent No.: US 10,471,211 B2 Rusch Et Al
    US010471211B2 United States Patent (10 ) Patent No.: US 10,471,211 B2 Rusch et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Nov. 12 , 2019 ( 54 ) MEDICAL DELIVERY DEVICE WITH A61M 2005/31506 ; A61M 2205/0216 ; LAMINATED STOPPER A61M 2205/0222 ; A61M 2205/0238 ; A61L 31/048 ( 71 ) Applicant: W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Newark , See application file for complete search history. DE (US ) ( 56 ) References Cited ( 72 ) Inventors : Greg Rusch , Newark , DE (US ) ; Robert C. Basham , Forest Hill , MD U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (US ) 5,374,473 A 12/1994 Knox et al . 5,708,044 A 1/1998 Branca ( 73 ) Assignee : W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc., 5,792,525 A 8/1998 Fuhr et al. Newark , DE (US ) ( Continued ) ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS U.S.C. 154 (b ) by 0 days . WO WO2014 / 196057 12/2014 WO WO2015 /016170 2/2015 ( 21) Appl. No .: 15 /404,892 OTHER PUBLICATIONS ( 22 ) Filed : Jan. 12 , 2017 International Search Report PCT/ US2017 /013297 dated May 16 , (65 ) Prior Publication Data 2017 . US 2017/0203043 A1 Jul. 20 , 2017 Primary Examiner Lauren P Farrar Related U.S. Application Data ( 74 ) Attorney , Agent, or Firm — Amy L. Miller (60 ) Provisional application No.62 / 279,553, filed on Jan. ( 57 ) ABSTRACT 15 , 2016 . The present disclosure relates to a medical delivery device that includes a barrel having an inner surface , a plunger rod ( 51 ) Int. Cl. having a distal end inserted within the barrel , and a stopper A61M 5/315 ( 2006.01) attached to the distal end of the plunger rod and contacting A61L 31/04 ( 2006.01) at least a portion of the inner surface of the barrel .
    [Show full text]
  • CA January 2021 Topicwise
    Note: First few volume of target shots are bigger because we are covering news in detail with static linkages considering fresher's preparation also. Next coming volumes will be more concise Environment. 9 Pangolin 9 Dzukou Forest Fire 9 Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary 9 Sabari river 10 Asian Waterbird Census-2020 10 Nile River 11 Climate of India during 2020 11 Draft Arctic Policy of India 12 Air Pollution 13 Caracal 14 NCAVES India Forum 2021 15 Ecosystem Services 15 Antarctic Ozone Hole 16 Management Effectiveness Evaluation of Protected Areas 17 One Planet Summit 18 Sultanpur National Park 18 Khadi Prakritik Paint 19 Asian Houbara Bustard 19 Polar vortex 20 Nagi-Nakti Bird Sanctuaries 20 Harike Wetland 21 India’s costliest mushroom: 21 Indian Star Tortoise 22 Greater Adjutant Stork 22 Carbon Sequestration 23 Bandipur Tiger Reserve 24 First wildlife sanctuary exclusively for wolves 24 Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary 24 Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) 25 Great Green Wall Initiative 25 Greenhouse gas emissions from man-managed grasslands 26 Green tax 26 Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve 27 SHOOLPANESHWAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY 27 Science & Technology. 28 KSTAR ‘Artificial Sun’ Of Korea Sets World Record 28 What is anaemia? 28 Bird flu Or Avian influenza (AI) 29 JOIN Us : https://targetupsc.in/ 8830115524 1 SAHAYAK-NG 29 Satyameva Jayate: Digital Media Literacy 29 Lithium-ion Battery 30 Lightning 31 Banana Grit 32 Radiation Dazzlers (Laser Dazzlers) 33 “Atmosphere & Climate Research-Modelling Observing Systems & Services (ACROSS)”
    [Show full text]
  • IBIO-400 Classical Swine Fever Vaccine Safety Study
    Enabling Next-Gen Biologics CORPORATE PRESENTATION Tom Isett, Chairman & CEO 2 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this presentation constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Words such as "may," "might," "will," "should," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue," "predict," "forecast," "project," "plan," "intend" or similar expressions, or statements regarding intent, belief, or current expectations, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon current estimates. While the Company believes these forward-looking statements are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on any such forward-looking statements, which are based on information available to us on the date of this presentation. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations and assumptions from those set forth or implied by any forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among others, the Company’s ability to obtain regulatory approvals for commercialization of its product candidates, including its COVID-19 vaccines, or to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements, regulatory limitations relating to its ability to promote or commercialize its product candidates for specific indications, acceptance of its product candidates
    [Show full text]
  • Livestock Production in the Subhumid Zone of West Africa
    ILCA SYSTEMS STUDY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE SUBHUMID ZONE OF WEST AFRICA: A REGIONAL REVIEW PUBLISHED BY $ INTERNATIONAL LIVSSTfcdk FOR AFRICA •ADDIS ■m /n ILCA PUBLICATIONS The International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) is an autonomous research and in formation centre, whose activities and publications are funded by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The CGIAR members which have funded ILCA to date are the International Development Research Centre, the United Nations Development Programme, the World Bank and the governments of Australia, Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Iran, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Responsibility for ILCA publications, however, rests solely with the centre and such other parties as may be cited as joint authors. ILCA Monographs and Systems Studies are currently ILCA's two series of scientific publications. Both present information concerned with livestock production systems of tropical Africa, though Systems Studies deal with systems as a whole, while Monographs deal with aspects of systems and range widely in subject matter, comprising several subseries. ILCA SYSTEMS STUDY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE SUBHUMID ZONE OF WEST AFRICA: A REGIONAL REVIEW This On< 3D0D-TYY-EZZL PUBLISHED BY INTERNATIONAL LIVESTOCK CENTRE FOR AFRICA 1979 PO BOX 5689 ADDIS ABABA ETHIOPIA ABSTRACT This report on livestock production in the subhumid zone of West Africa is based on the results of a symposium held in Kaduna, Nigeria in March 1979, co-sponsored by the International Livestock Centre for Africa and the National Animal Production Research Institute. A definition of the zone is given, followed by a brief description of the environment and the Fulani pastoralists who own most of the livestock.
    [Show full text]
  • The Innovation Awards 2020
    DECEMBER 2020 # 71 In My View Feature Best Practice NextGen The benefits of 3D printing How far have we come Top tips for E&L Reviewing setbacks and for biopharma against COVID-19? analysis successes in gene therapy 10 24 – 31 36 – 39 46 – 49 The Innovation Awards 2020 Celebrating 2020’s top pharma development and manufacturing technologies 14 – 21 www.themedicinemaker.com Do You Want to Learn More About monoclonal Antibody Production? Today’s bioprocess professionals need to stay on top of many things: Scale-up parameters and equipment capabilities, control strategies and automation, validation requirements and docu- mentation to name a few. New fields of applications like stem cell technology are evolving into powerful tools of the future. Become a bioprocessing. Join us at www.eppendorf.com/bioprocess Eppendorf® and the Eppendorf Brand Design are registered trademarks of Eppendorf AG, Germany. www.eppendorf.com /bioprocess All rights reserved, including graphics and images. Copyright © 2020 by Eppendorf AG. Is it Time to Reevaluate Our Priorities? The COVID-19 vaccines demonstrate what’s possible Editorial when disease is tackled as a genuine priority he whole research and development community is working hard to bring us that [COVID-19] breakthrough sooner rather than later,” wrote TStephanie Sutton in her November editorial (1). And here we are, just one month later, with not one but three breakthroughs. Pfizer (2) and Moderna (3) are both claiming around 95 percent efficacy in their vaccine studies, involving 44,000 and 30,000 volunteers respectively. And then we had AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford announcing that their vaccine, which should be cheaper and easier to distribute than the aforementioned mRNA approaches, is 70 percent effective (4).
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article ISSN: 2582-6131
    International Journal of Innovation Scientific Research and Review Vol. 03, Issue, 08, pp.1635-1647, August, 2021 Available online at http://www.journalijisr.com Research Article ISSN: 2582-6131 THE ICONIC BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA L.): HERBAL MEDICINE FOR CONTROLLING CORONAVIRUS (SARS-COV-2) DISEASE (COVID-19) 1,* Ravindra B. Malabadi, 2Kiran P. Kolkar, 3Neelambika T. Meti, 1Raju K. Chalannavar 1Department of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri-574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India. 1Miller Blvd, NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (North America). 2Department of Botany, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad-580003, Karnataka state, India. 3Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune-Satara Road, Katraj, Pune - 411046, Maharashtra State, India. Received 20th June 2021; Accepted 21th July 2021; Published online 30th August 2021 ABSTRACT This review paper highlights the medicinal properties particularly the immunogenic potentiality of iconic baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) (Kalphavraksha or Wish) tree species belongs to Malvaceae family. During the recent outbreak of second wave of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) mutants, Delta variant (B. 1. 617.2) strain and Delta Plus (AY.1) in India has created a major health issue resulted in more hospitalizations and death. Another problem is fully vaccinated people with "breakthrough" infections is rare but reported. This has created a situation and therefore, promoted herbal medicine, fruit pulp of baobab as an immunity booster for controlling the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The baobab (Kalphavraksha or Wish tree) fruit pulp is very rich in vitamin C (280-350 mg/g of the fruit), zinc, and the source of protein and used as a herbal medicine long time ago by local traditional healers in India, Africa, Madagascar and other Asian countries.
    [Show full text]