SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (SIs) FY 2011 Senate Appropriations Committee Report Table of Contents NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE 7 NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE 24 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH 33 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES 37 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE 47 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 58 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES 69 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 70 NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE 84 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 86 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING 92 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASE 97 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS DISORDERS 103 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH 113 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE 117 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM 129 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING 131 NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES 133 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES 136 FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER 137 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE 139 OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 144 A Access to Research Information 139 Adolescents 7 Adverse Pregnancy Outcome 70 Age-related Bone Loss 92 Alternative Methods of Testing 86 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) 144 Angiogenesis 24 Autoimmune Diseases 145 B Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences 146 Basic Cell Research 147 Behavioral Economics 93 Behavioral Genetics 117 Behavioral Management Drugs for Children 114 Behavioral Neuroscience 71 Behavioral Research on Tobacco Control 8 Behavioral Research Training- 69 Bone defects 9 Bone Disease 131 Bone Loss 97 Breast Cancer Surveillance- 10 C Career Development Awards 148 Cataracts 84 Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) 47 Children's Mental Health 113 Chimpanzee Breeding 133 Chromosome Abnormalities 72 Chronic Fatigue 22 Chronic Hepatitis B 58 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Asian/Pacific Islanders 37 Class B Animal Dealers 149 Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) 149 Clinical Trials Network 12 Collaboration With State Substance Abuse Agencies 129 Communication of Research Findings 150 Comorbidity 129 Comparative Effectiveness 118 Congenital Heart Disease 25 Contraceptive Research and Development 73 Craniofacial Skeleton 34 D Demographic and Economic Research 94 Demographic Research 74 Diabetes 151 Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) 26 Disaster Information Management 140 Dissemination of Research Results 115 Down Syndrome 153 Dystonia Consortium 154 E Early Detection and Intervention 103 Endocrine Disruption 87 Engaging the Medical Community 119 Eosinophil-associated Disorders 59 Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) 98 Epilepsy 48 F Fibromyalgia 155 Fragile X Syndrome 75 Frontotemporal Dementia 49 Funding Needs 141 G Gastric cancer 13 Global Health Research Training and Workforce Capacity 137 Glomerular Disease Research 38 H Hair Cell Regeneration 104 Health Disparities Research in Women 156 Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants 105 Heart Disease 27 Hematology (Regenerative Medicine) 175 HIV/AIDS and Criminal Justice Populations 120 HIV/AIDS Behavioral Research 157 Human Tissue Supply 134 Immigrant Health 115 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) 39,60 Inflammatory Digestive Diseases in Children 40 Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Centers (IDDRCs) 76 Interstitial Cystitis (IC) 41 Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) 42 L Leber Congenital Amaurosis 84 Liver cancer 14 Lung cancer 15 Lung Disease 159 Lupus 158 Lyme Disease 160 Lymphatic Research and Lymphatic Disease 161 M Marfan Syndrome 28,99 Maternal Fetal Medicine Units Network 77 Medications Development 121 Melanoma 16 Metabolic Disease and Bone Health 78 Microbicides 61 Military Personnel, Veterans, and Their Families 122 Mitochondrial Disease and Dysfunction 163 N Nanoparticles 18 National Children's Study 164 National Commission on Digestive Disease 42 Neglected Tropical Diseases 63 Neuroblastoma 19 Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA) 165 Neurofibromatosis (NF) 166 Neurogenic Bladder 168 Noise and Environmentally Induced Hearing Loss 106 O Organ Donation 64 Otitis Media 107 Outcomes Measurement 99 Overlapping Chronic Pain Disorders 169 P Pain 171 Palliative Care 172 Pancreatic cancer 20 Pediatric Kidney Disease 43 Pediatric Research Acceleration 79 Plasticity 108 Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) 44 Presbycusis 109 Preterm Birth and Stillbirth 80 Psoriasis 173 Psychosocial Stress in Children 81 Public Access 143 Pulmonary Hypertension 29,124 R Relapse Prevention 124 Research Centers in Minority Institutions (RCMI) 135 Roybal Centers for Translational Research on Aging 95 S Sarcoidosis 29 Scleroderma 100 Sex Differences 176 Sister Study and Breast Cancer 89 Sleep Disorders 30 Social Media 21 Social Network Analysis 31 Spinal Cord [Brachial Plexus] and Peripheral Nerve Injuries 50 Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) 52 Spinal Muscular Atrophy Carrier Screening 177 Stroke 53 Stroke in Women 54, 178 Stroke Rehabilitation 56 Sudden Cardiac Arrest 31 T Teens and Drug Abuse 126 Temporomandibular Disorders 35 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMJDs) 101 Tinnitus 110 Tobacco Addiction 127 Tuberculosis (TB) 65 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) 179 U Universal Flu Vaccine 66 Urban-based Network 136 V Vaccine Development for Hepatitis C 67 Vestibular Research 111 Vitamin D and Chronic Kidney Disease 46 Vulvodynia 82, 180 W Women's Health and the Environment 90 National Cancer Institute (NCI) Senate Significant Items Item Adolescents - NCI is encouraged to give additional consideration to adolescents, whose overall risk of contracting most cancers is lower than for adults, but who, because of factors peculiar to adolescence, are less likely to participate in clinical trials and often diagnosed at later stages. In particular, a research focus on health communication strategies for adolescents, their families and their health providers is encouraged. (p. 96) Action taken or to be taken In 2010, NCI funded five administrative supplements to research grants that are relevant to public awareness of cancers in children, adolescents, and young adults. The purpose of the administrative supplements is to expand and widely implement activities that provide the following: 1) Information about ongoing treatment protocols to ensure early access to the best available therapies and clinical trials for childhood/pediatric cancers; 2) Information about the late effects of childhood/pediatric cancer treatment to ensure access to necessary long-term medical and psychological care; and 3) Information about support services related to childhood/pediatric cancers and those affected by them, such as educational outreach programs for parents, peer-to-peer and parent-to-parent support networks, and resource directories or referral services for financial assistance and psychological counseling. NCI continues implementation of recommendations made by the 2006 adolescent, young adult oncology progress review group's (AYAO PRG). This progress review group, a public-private partnership between NCI and the Lance Armstrong Foundation's LIVESTRONG Young Adult Alliance (LSYAA), was convened to identify priorities for improving the outcome AYA patients. These activities were grouped under five recommendations: • Identify characteristics that distinguish the unique cancer burden in the AYAO patient, • Provide education, training, and communication to improve awareness, prevention, access, and quality cancer care for AYAs, • Create tools to study the AYA cancer problem, • Strengthen and promote advocacy and support of the AYA cancer patient, and • Ensure excellence in service delivery across the cancer control continuum (i.e., prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, and end of life). Specific activities and updates on them can be accessed at http://www.cancer.gOv/cancertopics/avahttp://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/ava Item Behavioral Research on Tobacco Control - The Committee notes that NCI's research on smoking cessation, smokeless tobacco and collaborations with NIDA, NICHD and NHLBI are critical to building knowledge to reduce the use of tobacco by adolescents. The Committee also believes that behavioral science should facilitate FDA regulation of tobacco, including consumer perceptions, development of warning labels, product development and response, risk communication, and cultural effects, and recommends that the NCI support such research. (p.96) Action taken or to be taken Tobacco use remains the country's leading cause of premature, preventable death— including an estimated one-third of all cancer deaths. NCI-funded research has demonstrated that several factors influence initiation and cessation of tobacco use, including flavorings. Data show that flavored cigarettes are more likely to appeal to youth than those without flavorings. Additionally, the FDA's Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee relies on publications resulting from NCI research as it reports on menthol cigarettes and public health. NCI co-sponsored the "2nd Conference on Menthol Cigarettes," highlighting the science base and research gaps. NCI research has shown that machine-measured tar and nicotine yields do not provide meaningful information on the amount of tar and nicotine that smokers receive from a cigarette. Smokers of "light" cigarettes are at the same risk for disease as smokers of full-flavor cigarettes. These findings were reported in NCI Tobacco Control Monograph 13, Risks Associated with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine-Measured Yields of