DOCSLIB.ORG

Developing Vaccines for Neglected Diseases

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Developing Vaccines for Neglected Diseases

Vaccine Technologies II Albufeira, Portugal June 5th, 2008

Douglas Holtzman, Ph.D., M.P.H. Senior Program Officer, Global Health Program

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

1

Three Programs, One Goal: Equity

ƒ US Program

» High school education » Public library internet access

ƒ Global Development

» Financial services for the poor (e.g. microfinance) » Agricultural productivity and markets

ƒ Global Health

2

Perspective on Global Health

ƒ The vision:

To ensure that a child born in the developing world has the same chance for good health as a child born in the developed world

ƒ The goal:

Build on advances in science and technology to save lives, improve health, and reduce disease in the developing world

3

Prioritization

ƒ Burden of disease ƒ Inequity of burden ƒ Lack of attention ƒ Possibility for impact

4

Disease Areas

ƒ HIV (vaccines, microbicides, treatment, prevention, education) ƒ TB (drugs, vaccines, diagnostics) ƒ Malaria (drugs, vaccines, vector control, diagnostics, scale-up) ƒ Pneumonia ƒ Diarrhea ƒ Nutrition ƒ Maternal Health

Discover, develop and deliver

ƒ Kinetoplastids

innovative solutions

ƒ Helminths ƒ HPV ƒ Dengue/Japanese Encephalitis ƒ Polio

5

Partnerships

ƒ Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) ƒ Global Fund for AIDS, TB and Malaria ƒ HIV Vaccine Enterprise ƒ Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) ƒ Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI) ƒ MACEPA ƒ PATH Vaccine Solutions (PVS) ƒ Aeras (TB Vaccines) ƒ Global Alliance for TB Drug Development (GATB) ƒ ACHAP ƒ Grand Challenges in Global Health ƒ IVI/PDVI ƒ Etc….

6

PDP-Private Sector R&D Deals:
Win/Win Proposition?

PDP provides

• Financing

PDP gets

PDP

• LDC trial sites
• IP or low price in

• Access/distribution plans
LDCs

• Rapid access • Recognition as catalyst
Drugs and
Vaccines for
• Market analysis • Global health expertise

Joint

Neglected Diseases

R&D

Industry gets

• IP and pricing for rich countries

Industry provides

• Technology candidate • Related know-How:
-process engineering -GCP, GLP, QC/QA -scale up and manufacturing -project management
• Financing
• Essential financing for small biotech firms
• New technology platforms with other commercial uses
• Good will

Private

• Manufacturing capacity

Source: Adopted from MMV; Rockefeller Foundation

7

THE GOAL
» To encourage scientific risk-taking on creative, unorthodox ideas for global health

THE INITIATIVE

» US$100 million funding initiative over 5 years » Will fund hundreds of projects based on two-page submission – next round opens September 15th

» Initial grants of $100,000 with potential for additional funding (~$1M) if promising

» Opportunity for direct engagement with the private sector

» Sign up at www.gcgh.org/explorations/ for email updates

8

Pre-clinical research toward a vaccine against African trypanosomiasis

9

Objectives

ƒ To identify specific candidate antigens that generate protective immune responses

against Trypanosoma brucei in cattle

ƒ To further test plant-based transient gene expression systems for production of vaccines appropriate for developing countries

10

African Trypanosomiasis

ƒ Parasitic disease limited to tropical Africa ƒ 60M people at risk; affects all ages ƒ ~40-60K annual deaths – most die unreported in the bush (~300-500K?)

ƒ Resurgence of disease ƒ Billions of $ of lost agricultural productivity ƒ World’s greatest disparity disease

11

Distribution of sleeping sickness in sub- Saharan Africa, 1999

WHO http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/CSR_ISR_2000_1tryps/en/index.html

12

Cycle of disease

CNS Infection
Stage II
Infected fly bite
Systemic infection
Stage I

Death

13

Antigenic shifts lead to….

VSG1 VSG2 VSGx

Time

….waves of parasitaemia

VSG = variable surface glycoprotein

14

Proof of Principle

15

Trypansome tubulin-rich regions as “Achilles Heel”

16

Technology: Alfalfa Mosaic Virus

P1 P2
P3
CP

CP

Viral gene structure
Electron

F

Micrograph

P

  • C
  • K

D
P

  • G
  • A

  • T
  • I

  • R
  • L

S

Particle-based peptide delivery system

YS
M

Antigenic peptide

Slide provided by Dr. Yusibov, Fraunhofer CMB

17

Mouse Experiments Show Protection

  • Experiment #1
  • Experiment #2

  • Antigen used
  • Protection rate (%)
  • Vaccine candidate
  • Protection rate (%)

Atub 1-4 Atub 5-8 Btub 1-4 Btub 5-8 AlMV
60 70 90 90
0
ALMV Atub 1-4
13 40 40 53
100 100
0
Atub 5-8 Btub 1-4 Btub 5-8

  • Adjuvant
  • 0
  • Btub 2

Btub 3

  • Btub 5
  • 100

40 27 13 27 33
0
Btub 11
Tubulin (native)
Adjuvant
Atub (rec. full length) Btub (rec. full length)
Negative control

Slide provided by Dr. Yusibov, Fraunhofer CMB

18

Parasitemia in cattle post challenge

with T. brucei brucei

Days post challenge

Groups AlMV

  • cow
  • -4
  • 7
  • 10
  • 12
  • 14
  • 17
  • 40
  • 45

12341234

--------
++++++++
++++++++
+

  • -
  • -
  • +

+++-
++++-

+++++++

+++-
+++-

Btub2+ Btub5

  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -

  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -

  • -
  • -
  • -
  • -

Slide provided by Dr. Yusibov, Fraunhofer CMB

19

Survival of cattle post challenge with

T. brucei brucei

20

Recommended publications
  • The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Tax Return Was E-Filed with The

    The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Tax Return Was E-Filed with The

    The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation tax return was e-filed with the Internal Revenue Service. The tax return and accompanying attachments posted on our website are presented as a view of the electronically filed data. Please note for ease of navigating the tax return we have bookmarked the various sections of the return. efile GRAPHIC print - DO NOT PROCESS ORIGINAL DATA - EIN: 562618866 Return of Private Foundation OMB No. 1545-0052 Form 990-PF or Section 4947(a)(1) Nonexempt Charitable Trust Treated as a Private Foundation 2007 Department of the Treasury Note: The foundation may be able to use a copy of this return to satisfy state reporting requirements. Internal Revenue Service For calendar year 2007 , or tax year beginning 01-01-2007 and ending 12-31-2007 G Check all that apply: Initial return Final return Amended return Address change Name change Name of foundation A Employer identification number Use the IRS BILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATION label. 56-2618866 Otherwise, B Telephone number (see page 10 of the instructions) print Number and street (or P.O. box number if mail is not delivered to street address) Room/ suite or type. 1551 EASTLAKE AVENUE EAST (206) 709-3100 See Specific Instructions. City or town, state, and ZIP code C If exemption application is pending, check here SEATTLE, WA 98102 D 1. Foreign organizations, check here . H Check type of organization: Section 501(c)(3) exempt private foundation 2. Foreign organizations meeting the 85% test, check here and attach computation Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trust Other taxable private foundation E If private foundation status was terminated I Fair market value of all assets at end J Accounting method: Cash Accrual under section 507(b)(1)(A), check here of year (from Part II, col.
  • Infectious Diseases

    Infectious Diseases

    2013 MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT REPORT Infectious Diseases A Report on Diseases Caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites PRESENTED BY AMERICA’S BIOPHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH COMPANIES Biopharmaceutical Research Evolves Against Infectious Diseases with Nearly 400 Medicines and Vaccines in Testing Throughout history, infectious diseases hepatitis C that inhibits the enzyme have taken a devastating toll on the lives essential for viral replication. and well-being of people around the • An anti-malarial drug that has shown Medicines in Development world. Caused when pathogens such activity against Plasmodium falci- For Infectious Diseases as bacteria or viruses enter a body and parum malaria which is resistant to multiply, infectious diseases were the current treatments. Application leading cause of death in the United Submitted States until the 1920s. Today, vaccines • A potential new antibiotic to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Phase III and infectious disease treatments have proven to be effective treatments in aureus (MRSA). Phase II many cases, but infectious diseases still • A novel treatment that works by Phase I pose a very serious threat to patients. blocking the ability of the smallpox Recently, some infectious pathogens, virus to spread to other cells, thus 226 such as pseudomonas bacteria, have preventing it from causing disease. become resistant to available treatments. Infectious diseases may never be fully Diseases once considered conquered, eradicated. However, new knowledge, such as tuberculosis, have reemerged new technologies, and the continuing as a growing health threat. commitment of America’s biopharma- America’s biopharmaceutical research ceutical research companies can help companies are developing 394 medicines meet the continuing—and ever-changing and vaccines to combat the many threats —threat from infectious diseases.
  • View Annual Report

    View Annual Report

    UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2014 OR ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from ___ to ___ Commission file number 001-35023 iBio, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 26-2797813 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 9 Innovation Way, Suite 100, Newark, DE 19711 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (302) 355-0650 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of exchange on which registered Common Stock, $0.001 par value NYSE MKT Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
  • Antigen Discovery in Trypanosoma Vivax

    Antigen Discovery in Trypanosoma Vivax

    Antigen discovery in Trypanosoma vivax Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Alessandra Isabella Romero Ramirez February 2020 Author’s declaration The expression of recombinant proteins was performed by Dr. Nicole Muller-Sienerth at the Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (Cambridge, UK). The mice immunization and challenge was carried out by Dr. Delphine Autheman from the Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory at the animal facility from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. The immunization and challenge of goats as well as sample collection was performed by MSc. Kayo José Garcia de Almeida Castilho Neto at the Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences from the Sao Paulo State University (UNESP) in Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Except from the advice acknowledged, I declare that this thesis is a presentation of my own original work. Alessandra Isabella Romero Ramirez 20th February 2020 I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my PhD thesis supervisor, Dr. Andrew Jackson for his guidance throughout the project, patience and belief in me. I highly appreciate his motivation, immense knowledge and critical advice during these years. I am truly thankful for the guidance and opportunities given. I gratefully acknowledge the funding body that made my PhD work possible. I was funded by FONDECYT-CONCYTEC, the National Council of Science, Technology and Innovation from Peru (grant contract number 001-2016-FONDECYT). I would specially like to acknowledge members from the Cell Surface Signalling laboratory at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, to the group leader Gavin Wright, postdoctoral Delphine Autheman and the senior technician Nicole Muller-Sienerth for their enormous contribution on this doctoral project.
  • SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (Sis)

    SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (Sis)

    SIGNIFICANT ITEMS (SIs) FY 2011 Senate Appropriations Committee Report Table of Contents NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE 7 NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE 24 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH 33 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES 37 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE 47 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 58 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES 69 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 70 NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE 84 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 86 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING 92 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASE 97 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATIONS DISORDERS 103 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH 113 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE 117 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM 129 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING 131 NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES 133 NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES 136 FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER 137 NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE 139 OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR 144 A Access to Research Information 139 Adolescents 7 Adverse Pregnancy Outcome 70 Age-related Bone Loss 92 Alternative Methods of Testing 86 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) 144 Angiogenesis 24 Autoimmune Diseases 145 B Basic Behavioral and Social Sciences 146 Basic Cell Research 147 Behavioral Economics 93 Behavioral Genetics 117 Behavioral Management Drugs for Children 114 Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Enabling Next Gen Biologics

    Enabling Next Gen Biologics

    Enabling Next Gen Biologics CORPORATE PRESENTATION Tom Isett, Chairman & CEO 1 2 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this presentation constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1195, as amended. Words such as "may," "might," "will," "should," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue," "predict," "forecast," "project," "plan," "intend" or similar expressions, or statements regarding intent, belief, or current expectations, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon current estimates. While the Company believes these forward-looking statements are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on any such forward-looking statements, which are based on information available to us on the date of this presentation. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations and assumptions from those set forth or implied by any forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among others, the Company’s ability to obtain regulatory approvals for commercialization of its product candidates, including its COVID-19 vaccines, or to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements, regulatory limitations relating to its ability to promote or commercialize its product candidates for specific indications,
  • United States Patent (10 ) Patent No.: US 10,471,211 B2 Rusch Et Al

    United States Patent (10 ) Patent No.: US 10,471,211 B2 Rusch Et Al

    US010471211B2 United States Patent (10 ) Patent No.: US 10,471,211 B2 Rusch et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Nov. 12 , 2019 ( 54 ) MEDICAL DELIVERY DEVICE WITH A61M 2005/31506 ; A61M 2205/0216 ; LAMINATED STOPPER A61M 2205/0222 ; A61M 2205/0238 ; A61L 31/048 ( 71 ) Applicant: W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Newark , See application file for complete search history. DE (US ) ( 56 ) References Cited ( 72 ) Inventors : Greg Rusch , Newark , DE (US ) ; Robert C. Basham , Forest Hill , MD U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (US ) 5,374,473 A 12/1994 Knox et al . 5,708,044 A 1/1998 Branca ( 73 ) Assignee : W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc., 5,792,525 A 8/1998 Fuhr et al. Newark , DE (US ) ( Continued ) ( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS U.S.C. 154 (b ) by 0 days . WO WO2014 / 196057 12/2014 WO WO2015 /016170 2/2015 ( 21) Appl. No .: 15 /404,892 OTHER PUBLICATIONS ( 22 ) Filed : Jan. 12 , 2017 International Search Report PCT/ US2017 /013297 dated May 16 , (65 ) Prior Publication Data 2017 . US 2017/0203043 A1 Jul. 20 , 2017 Primary Examiner Lauren P Farrar Related U.S. Application Data ( 74 ) Attorney , Agent, or Firm — Amy L. Miller (60 ) Provisional application No.62 / 279,553, filed on Jan. ( 57 ) ABSTRACT 15 , 2016 . The present disclosure relates to a medical delivery device that includes a barrel having an inner surface , a plunger rod ( 51 ) Int. Cl. having a distal end inserted within the barrel , and a stopper A61M 5/315 ( 2006.01) attached to the distal end of the plunger rod and contacting A61L 31/04 ( 2006.01) at least a portion of the inner surface of the barrel .
  • CA January 2021 Topicwise

    CA January 2021 Topicwise

    Note: First few volume of target shots are bigger because we are covering news in detail with static linkages considering fresher's preparation also. Next coming volumes will be more concise Environment. 9 Pangolin 9 Dzukou Forest Fire 9 Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary 9 Sabari river 10 Asian Waterbird Census-2020 10 Nile River 11 Climate of India during 2020 11 Draft Arctic Policy of India 12 Air Pollution 13 Caracal 14 NCAVES India Forum 2021 15 Ecosystem Services 15 Antarctic Ozone Hole 16 Management Effectiveness Evaluation of Protected Areas 17 One Planet Summit 18 Sultanpur National Park 18 Khadi Prakritik Paint 19 Asian Houbara Bustard 19 Polar vortex 20 Nagi-Nakti Bird Sanctuaries 20 Harike Wetland 21 India’s costliest mushroom: 21 Indian Star Tortoise 22 Greater Adjutant Stork 22 Carbon Sequestration 23 Bandipur Tiger Reserve 24 First wildlife sanctuary exclusively for wolves 24 Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary 24 Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) 25 Great Green Wall Initiative 25 Greenhouse gas emissions from man-managed grasslands 26 Green tax 26 Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve 27 SHOOLPANESHWAR WILDLIFE SANCTUARY 27 Science & Technology. 28 KSTAR ‘Artificial Sun’ Of Korea Sets World Record 28 What is anaemia? 28 Bird flu Or Avian influenza (AI) 29 JOIN Us : https://targetupsc.in/ 8830115524 1 SAHAYAK-NG 29 Satyameva Jayate: Digital Media Literacy 29 Lithium-ion Battery 30 Lightning 31 Banana Grit 32 Radiation Dazzlers (Laser Dazzlers) 33 “Atmosphere & Climate Research-Modelling Observing Systems & Services (ACROSS)”
  • IBIO-400 Classical Swine Fever Vaccine Safety Study

    IBIO-400 Classical Swine Fever Vaccine Safety Study

    Enabling Next-Gen Biologics CORPORATE PRESENTATION Tom Isett, Chairman & CEO 2 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this presentation constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Words such as "may," "might," "will," "should," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue," "predict," "forecast," "project," "plan," "intend" or similar expressions, or statements regarding intent, belief, or current expectations, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon current estimates. While the Company believes these forward-looking statements are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on any such forward-looking statements, which are based on information available to us on the date of this presentation. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations and assumptions from those set forth or implied by any forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, among others, the Company’s ability to obtain regulatory approvals for commercialization of its product candidates, including its COVID-19 vaccines, or to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements, regulatory limitations relating to its ability to promote or commercialize its product candidates for specific indications, acceptance of its product candidates
  • Livestock Production in the Subhumid Zone of West Africa

    Livestock Production in the Subhumid Zone of West Africa

    ILCA SYSTEMS STUDY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE SUBHUMID ZONE OF WEST AFRICA: A REGIONAL REVIEW PUBLISHED BY $ INTERNATIONAL LIVSSTfcdk FOR AFRICA •ADDIS ■m /n ILCA PUBLICATIONS The International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA) is an autonomous research and in formation centre, whose activities and publications are funded by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The CGIAR members which have funded ILCA to date are the International Development Research Centre, the United Nations Development Programme, the World Bank and the governments of Australia, Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Iran, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Responsibility for ILCA publications, however, rests solely with the centre and such other parties as may be cited as joint authors. ILCA Monographs and Systems Studies are currently ILCA's two series of scientific publications. Both present information concerned with livestock production systems of tropical Africa, though Systems Studies deal with systems as a whole, while Monographs deal with aspects of systems and range widely in subject matter, comprising several subseries. ILCA SYSTEMS STUDY LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN THE SUBHUMID ZONE OF WEST AFRICA: A REGIONAL REVIEW This On< 3D0D-TYY-EZZL PUBLISHED BY INTERNATIONAL LIVESTOCK CENTRE FOR AFRICA 1979 PO BOX 5689 ADDIS ABABA ETHIOPIA ABSTRACT This report on livestock production in the subhumid zone of West Africa is based on the results of a symposium held in Kaduna, Nigeria in March 1979, co-sponsored by the International Livestock Centre for Africa and the National Animal Production Research Institute. A definition of the zone is given, followed by a brief description of the environment and the Fulani pastoralists who own most of the livestock.
  • The Innovation Awards 2020

    The Innovation Awards 2020

    DECEMBER 2020 # 71 In My View Feature Best Practice NextGen The benefits of 3D printing How far have we come Top tips for E&L Reviewing setbacks and for biopharma against COVID-19? analysis successes in gene therapy 10 24 – 31 36 – 39 46 – 49 The Innovation Awards 2020 Celebrating 2020’s top pharma development and manufacturing technologies 14 – 21 www.themedicinemaker.com Do You Want to Learn More About monoclonal Antibody Production? Today’s bioprocess professionals need to stay on top of many things: Scale-up parameters and equipment capabilities, control strategies and automation, validation requirements and docu- mentation to name a few. New fields of applications like stem cell technology are evolving into powerful tools of the future. Become a bioprocessing. Join us at www.eppendorf.com/bioprocess Eppendorf® and the Eppendorf Brand Design are registered trademarks of Eppendorf AG, Germany. www.eppendorf.com /bioprocess All rights reserved, including graphics and images. Copyright © 2020 by Eppendorf AG. Is it Time to Reevaluate Our Priorities? The COVID-19 vaccines demonstrate what’s possible Editorial when disease is tackled as a genuine priority he whole research and development community is working hard to bring us that [COVID-19] breakthrough sooner rather than later,” wrote TStephanie Sutton in her November editorial (1). And here we are, just one month later, with not one but three breakthroughs. Pfizer (2) and Moderna (3) are both claiming around 95 percent efficacy in their vaccine studies, involving 44,000 and 30,000 volunteers respectively. And then we had AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford announcing that their vaccine, which should be cheaper and easier to distribute than the aforementioned mRNA approaches, is 70 percent effective (4).
  • Research Article ISSN: 2582-6131

    Research Article ISSN: 2582-6131

    International Journal of Innovation Scientific Research and Review Vol. 03, Issue, 08, pp.1635-1647, August, 2021 Available online at http://www.journalijisr.com Research Article ISSN: 2582-6131 THE ICONIC BAOBAB (ADANSONIA DIGITATA L.): HERBAL MEDICINE FOR CONTROLLING CORONAVIRUS (SARS-COV-2) DISEASE (COVID-19) 1,* Ravindra B. Malabadi, 2Kiran P. Kolkar, 3Neelambika T. Meti, 1Raju K. Chalannavar 1Department of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri-574199, Mangalore, Karnataka State, India. 1Miller Blvd, NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (North America). 2Department of Botany, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad-580003, Karnataka state, India. 3Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune-Satara Road, Katraj, Pune - 411046, Maharashtra State, India. Received 20th June 2021; Accepted 21th July 2021; Published online 30th August 2021 ABSTRACT This review paper highlights the medicinal properties particularly the immunogenic potentiality of iconic baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) (Kalphavraksha or Wish) tree species belongs to Malvaceae family. During the recent outbreak of second wave of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) mutants, Delta variant (B. 1. 617.2) strain and Delta Plus (AY.1) in India has created a major health issue resulted in more hospitalizations and death. Another problem is fully vaccinated people with "breakthrough" infections is rare but reported. This has created a situation and therefore, promoted herbal medicine, fruit pulp of baobab as an immunity booster for controlling the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The baobab (Kalphavraksha or Wish tree) fruit pulp is very rich in vitamin C (280-350 mg/g of the fruit), zinc, and the source of protein and used as a herbal medicine long time ago by local traditional healers in India, Africa, Madagascar and other Asian countries.