Gas Vehicle Guide December 2010
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Gas Vehicle Guide December 2010 Table of contents 1 Introduction 5 2 Passenger vehicles 9 3 Light transport 117 vehicles 1. Introduction The Gas Vehicle Guide has been developed as part of the ADORE IT project (Adolescence for Renewable Energies in Transport), where the municipality of Östersund co-operates with partners from the Netherlands, Italy, Norway, Estonia and Romania. In Östersund, the goal is to increase the use of eco-friendly vehicles using renewable fuels. The project period is 2008 to 2011. This global guide to gas/CNG vehicles has been developed with a base in the ongoing establishment of biogas as a vehicle fuel, together with our ambition to help establish a rapid market development in our region and on a national level. The presentation of an unbiased and comprehensive information on the availability of gas vehicles is an important component in this work. The guide gives an overview to the gas vehicles available on the global market for the model year 2011. Here you are able to find vehicle prices, technical data such as range on CNG, safety information, links to further reading, official contact information and much more. This guide can work as a reference for municipalities, private and public institutions and individuals who are interested in acquiring gas vehicles, or who simply want to be informed about of the availability. This is the first edition of the guide published in English. We have never seen such an extensive guide to gas vehicles as this, nevertheless it is certainly not complete. We value all contributions on mistakes and missing data/models in the guide. The guide can be downloaded on the Internet at www.adore-it.eu and www.ostersund.se/adore- it. The guide is also of available in Swedish. The Östersund ADORE IT contacts are: Anne Sörensson: [email protected] Petter Björnsson: [email protected] The guide is the work of Mattias Goldmann and Per Östborn, commissioned by Green Traffic, the municipality of Östersund, within the ADORE IT-project. We are very grateful for the work that they have done. Also read the Electrical Vehicles Guide! SÖT is a cooperation between the municipalities of Sundsvall, Östersund and Trondheim as well as energy companies and other interested parties in the region. SÖT publishes an extensive global Electric Vehicles Guide, available in English and Swedish, and found at www.greenhighway.nu. 5 Vehicles included In this guide, gas powered passenger cars and light transport vehicles are included, up to the total weight of 3.5 tons. Only vehicles that can be powered by CNG (natural gas or biogas) are included, i.e. vehicles powered by fuels dominated by methane. Vehicles powered by ”motorgas” (LPG), mainly propane and butane, are excluded, since it is not believed that this fuel will be produced using renewable energy in the future. All vehicles included are available at the global market today or at least within a year from publication. We have only included vehicles that we are reasonably certain will be marketed and where at least some of the technical details are available. Gas vehicles that are no longer produced are not included. The boundary between factory produced vehicles and conversions is not clear. We have included all new factory made gas vehicles available on the EU market, as well as conversions that fulfill EU quality and emissions requirements, and can be called ”almost factory built”. In practice, this means that the gas vehicle (as opposed to only its parts) can either be bought from the conversion company, or from dealers of the brand whose car is being converted. We realize that some converters may find themselves excluded from the guide. They are welcome to present their case for inclusion in the next update. Vehicles that can be converted to gas/CNG by the customer bringing the car to the conversion company are not included. The market for this kind of conversions is big in several markets of Latin America (eg Peru and Venezuela), and in some Asian countries (eg China, India, Iran, Pakistan and Thailand). In some markets, mainly in Asia, small gas powered vehicles are sold, such as rickshaws or tuktuks, many of them three-wheeled. We have included a few of these, mainly as an introduction to this kind of vehicles – there are many other brands offering similar products that are not included in this guide. Vehicle classification The vehicles in this guide are divided into passenger cars and transport vehicles. All vehicles primarily used for transporting passengers are classified as passenger cars, which for instance means that the Mercedes Sprinter combi is presented as a passenger car, while the van version is presented as a transport vehicle. 6 Technical data Fuel The fuels that the vehicle can use are presented. If it says ”Gas/petrol”, the vehicle can be driven on both of these fuels, if it say only ”Gas” it cannot be driven on petrol. Country of manufacture If the conversion to gas is done in a different country than where the vehicle is made, the country of origin is put first, followed by the country of conversion (eg ”Germany/Switzerland”). Price The price is for the cheapest version of the model quoted. All prices include local VAT, except where stated. ”Base price on home market” is the price in the country of manufacture for factory made gas vehicles, and the country of conversion for vehicles that are converted in a different country. The prices are given in the local currency of the country, with a quotation in Euros based on the exchange rates in November 2010: Exchange rates 1 BRL Brazilian Real = 0.43 € 1 CHF Swiss Franc = 0.74 € 1 CNY China Yuan = 0.11 € 100 INR Indian Rupie = 1.62 € 100 JPY Japanese Yen = 0.88 € 100 PKR Pakistani Rupie = 0.86 € 1 SEK Swedish Krona = 0.11 € 1 SGD Singapore Dollar = 0.57 € 100 THB Thai Baht = 2.45 € 1 USD US dollar = 0.73 € Weight The weight given is the vehicle, with all tanks full (petrol and gas if the vehicle has both), including the driver at 75 kg. Outside of Europe, the vehicles ”kerb weight” is often given, which excludes the driver. Here, we have added 75 kg to get a weight that's comparable with other vehicles in the guide. However, not all manufacturers have given any weight data for their gas vehicles. Where possible, we have given an indication based on the weight of the petrol car plus an estimation based on the size of the gas tanks. Baggage capacity In most gas vehicles, the gas tanks reduce the capacity for luggage or the cargo space. A figure for baggage capacity is only given when this is taken into account. 7 Maximum payload Many gas vehicles have a significantly lowered maximum payload compared to petrol and diesel vehicles, due to the extra weight of the gas cylinders. The maximum payload is the highest weight allowed from passengers (the driver excluded) plus other cargo. Engine power For most gas vehicles, the highest power output depends on whether the vehicle is driven using gas or petrol (or other fuels such as ethanol). For vehicles that have been converted to gas, the maximum output is often 10 – 20 per cent lower when using gas, since the engine is not optimized for gas. If there are several different maximal power output figures, depending on the fuel, these are all indicated. If there is only one figure, it is indicated on which fuel this output figure applies. Cylinder size The manufacturers and converters usually give the gas cylinder size in kilos of gas, which is also used throughout the guide. When the manufacturer has only given the capacity in liters, we have estimated that a gas cylinder holds 0.17 kg of gas per liter, which is the conversion rate most manufacturers use. Energy consumption Most manufacturers indicate the energy consumption in kilos of gas per 100 km, which is also the way we present it in this guide. The exact consumption depends on which gas that is being used. In Europe, the consumption is predominantly given using the reference gas G20 (100 per cent methane). For non-European manufacturers, it has usually not been possible to establish which gas they have been using, which implies that consumption figures can only be compared allowing for a margin of error. Range The figure given is based on the gas cylinder size divided by the consumption. Safety If the vehicle has been crash tested by Euro NCAP or the American NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), the result is given. Since the Euro NCAP recently changed its' methodology, it is indicated whether the results stem from using the new or the previous method. See also www.euroncap.com. Remarks Here, other information that we believe may be of relevance for the interested parties is presented. This includes if the vehicle has been guaranteed for very low temperatures, on which markets the vehicle is available, etc. 8 2 Passenger vehicles Audi A3 1.6 CNG Fuel Gas/petrol Country of manufacture Germany Price at home market 29 000 EUR Seating capacity 5 Exterior dimensions L 420 cm, W 177 cm, H 142 cm Weight no information Cargo volume no information Permitted load no information Hauling capacity 1 200 kg Engine power 88 hp on methane, 102 hp on petrol Tank size 12 kg methane, 55 l petrol Fuel consumption (per 100 5.3 kg methane, 6.8 l petrol km) Range (methane + petrol) 230 + 810 km Safety 4 stars of 5 for adult passengers, 3 stars for children, 1 star for pedestrians (previous version of Euro NCAP).