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The Good Queen Charlotte

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The Good Queen Charlotte THE Good Queen Charlotte Lemeraer&Nw Printed in Paris THE ood Queen Charlotte BY PERCY FITZGERALD AUTHOR OF "THE LIFE OF GEORGE iv.," ETC. WITH FOUR PORTRAITS DOWNEY & CO. LD. 12 YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON 1899 ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS PAGE George III. comes to the Throne . , i Account of his Attachment to Lady Sarah Lennox . 2 Her later Career 4 Princess Strelitz Charlotte of selected as the King's Bride 5 Account of her Life at Strelitz 7 Carlyle's Description of the Family ..... 8 Marriages of the Family . 1 1 Prince Friederich's humorous Account of a Visit to Mirow 12 " " Carlyle's Tailoring Duke 13 Princess . Charlotte's Appeal to. the great Frederick . 15 Its happy Result 17 And connected with her Marriage 18 Colonel Graham (or Graeme) despatched with her Proposal 19 Walpole's Sketch of the Princess 20 " Not a but . Beauty," expressive and intelligent . .21 The . Marriage announced to the Privy Council . .21 Lord Harcourt sent to bring the Princess over ... 22 His Letter 23 " To to if he can go Mecklenburg find it" (Walpole) . 25 The Princess's simple Reception of the Offer ... 26 The of Betrothal Ceremony .... 26 The Festivities and Departure for England ... 27 A stormy Voyage 27 of the . Sprightliness Princess . .27 Her Progress to London .29 at St. Reception James's Palace 31 252273 vi ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS PAGE The Marriage described 32 The Coronation 36 Visit to the Barclays in the City 38 The new Queen and her Household 43 Her Ladies Madame Schwellenberg, etc. ... 43 Miss Chudleigh 45 Miss Vernon and her Maid 46 Buckingham House \note\ 46 " " Becomes the Queen's House 48 The Palaces at Kew and Richmond the old Somerset House 49 Amusements and Gaieties 50 " " Household Worries the German and English "Factions" 5 2 Birth of the Prince of Wales, August I2th, 1762 . 53 The Queen's Birthday Verses 54 Family Names of the House of Hanover . 55 Fifteen Princes and Princesses Dates of their Births and Deaths \note\ ........ 56 Trouble with Servants 57 Marriage of the Prince of Brunswick to the King's Sister. 58 " " Strike among the Maids of Honour .... 59 The Queen's Jewels 60 Robberies at Court 61 Life at Kew 63 English Nightgowns prescribed ..... 66 Visits of the Queen's Relations 67 Marriage of Princess Caroline Augusta to the King of Denmark 68 The King's Illness 69 Harsh Treatment of the Queen by the Princess Dowager of Wales 69 Birthday Odes and Celebrations 71 Court Patronage of the Stage and of English Wares . 72 Careless Supervision of the Palace . -73 Deaths of Prince Albert and Princess Octavius . 75 Lady Mary Coke described 77 Her erratic Character and Marriage 79 ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS vn Her recently published "Diaries" 79 Princess Amelia described . 80 Her Friendship with Lady Mary Coke .... 80 Anecdotes of this Intimacy 81 The odd Duchess of Hamilton nee Gunning ... 84 The Queen's Strictness as to Court Etiquette ... 85 The Duchess's . Quarrels with Lady Mary Coke . 88 Lady Mary's Designs on the Duke of York ... 90 Final Breach between Princess Augusta and Lady Mary Coke 91 The Latter's subsequent Adventures and Death 93 Troublesome Maids of Honour 94 The Queen fond of Cards 95 Education of the Royal Children .... 96 A frivolous Quarrel 98 A Frenchman's gratuitous Scandal 98 The Levies described 99 Domestic Life at Kew 100 King and Queen's Taste for Music .... 102 T he Handel Festivals described .... I03 of Their Patronage Country Playhouses . 107 Death of Stone, the Queen's Treasurer 1 08 Marriages of the Dukes of Gloucester and Cumberland 109 Distasteful to the King 109 The Duchesses described by Lady Louisa Stuart 109 " Go Home and wash One's Ears" no Fanny Burney and Mrs. Delany . .112 " " Story of the Weaver Bird . .113 Visits and Conversations of the King and Queen described 1 14 Miss Burney engaged to succeed Mrs. Haggerdorn . .120 The Queen and her Readers 121 in . Instructed English by Dr. Majendie . .123 Her Majesty's Verses . .123 "Walking on the Terrace" at Windsor . .124 " The Queen and Mrs. Thrales' Letters of Dr. Johnson" . 125 The lively Colonel Manners . .127 Miss Burney reads 128 Her careless neglect of her Duties 131 viii ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS PAGE The Queen's early rising 132 Her entourage 133 The Harcourt Papers 136 Lady Harcourt's Account of the Queen's Character . 136 Affection of the Royal Family for her . .138 The King's Malady, 1788 . 139 Scene at the Dinner-table 140 Miss Burney's Account of the Queen's Miseries . 142 A terrible Night . 143 " " The masterful Dr. Warren, the Prince's Man . .144 The Removal from Windsor to Kew 148 The contending Doctors Willis and Warren . 154 Dispute as to the Bulletins 157 Opposition Attacks on the Court Ladies . .160 Attack on the Queen by Mr. Burke 162 Attempts of the Princes to see the King . .164 Their Interview with the Queen la glace with the King . 165 The Queen's Letters to Dr. Hard 167 Gradual Recovery of the King 170 Estrangement between the Princes and the Court . .171 The Princes not invited to the Court Ball . .172 The Duke of York's Duel with Colonel Lennox . .173 The Queen charged with being unfeeling . .178 The Prince of Wales breaks up the Court Ball . .179 Visit to Weymouth 182 Life at Weymouth ] 84 The little Theatre 185 Thoughtfulness of the King and Queen .... 187 A Spy 188 The Queen and her Teachers 189 Their constant Interest in clever Persons .... 189 Interview with Dr. Beattie 190 The Queen's Letters to Bishop Hard 195 Mr. Hardinge's Account of his Interview .... 196 The Queen's Interest in Sunday-schools .... 200 Her Care in distributing her Charities .... 200 Mrs. Siddons reads at the Palace 202 " Miss Burney's Flirtations with Colonel Fairly" . 204 ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS ix PAGE The Queen's Inquiries 205 His Marriage with Another suggested as the real cause of her Resignation 208 This Theory developed at Length 209 The Queen's Reluctance to part with her .... 212 Her generous Behaviour 212 Her Kindness after Fanny's Marriage . .213 Marriage of the Duke of York 216 Of Prince Augustus 216 Of the Prince of Wales 216 Princess Charlotte described 218 Letter of the Queen to Lady de Clifford on the little Princess 220 Marriage of Princess Augusta to the Prince of Wurtemburg 221 Opposition of the King 223 Peter Pindar and his scurrilous Verses .... 225 " The Lousiad " 226 The Queen accused of Penuriousness .... 227 Divisions in the Royal Family 228 The Queen persists in living apart ..... 230 The King resents her Treatment 230 The Royal Family at Mr. Rose's Seat, Cuffnells . 232 Accident to Princess Amelia 232 The King's Opinion of the Courage of his Family . 232 His Relapse into Madness . 233 Death of Princess Amelia 234 Its disastrous Effect on the King 234 The Regency and virtual Close of the.Reign, 1812 . 235 Separate Establishments for the Princesses . 236 The King stricken with Blindness 236 Magnificent Entertaining at Court 237 The Queen in charge of the King 238 Princess Charlotte and her spirited Ways .... 238 Refusal of the Queen to receive the Princess of Wales at her Drawing-room, and Correspondence thereupon . 239 First Symptoms of the Queen's fatal Sickness . 245 Her gallant Performance of her Duties .... 246 Mr. Rush's Description of his Reception .... 248 x ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS PAGE .Death of her Brother, Grand Duke Charles . .248 The Queen visits Bath 248 Then receives News of the Death of Princess Charlotte . 248 Princess Augusta's Letter on the Event .... 249 A Number of Royal Marriages 250 Marriage of Princess Elizabeth with the Prince of Hom- burg 251 Kew Palace described 252 Renewed Illness of the Queen 255 Letters of Princess Augusta 255 Accounts of the Queen's last Moments .... 258 Defence of her Character by Sir Herbert Taylor . 258 Letters to Lady Harcourt 263 Letters of the Princesses to the same .... 275 The Queen's private Press and Works . .281 Death of Lady Harcourt 283 Copy of the Queen's last Will and Testament . 284 NOTE. Since the earlier sheets of this work were printed, I have learned, on high authority, that the statement on page 60 as to the jewels "handed over to King George of Hanover," in 1857, is not exactly accurate only a portion having been thus restored. The statement in the same page that Her present Majesty received a Jubilee present of emeralds from the Czar and Czarina, I am informed by the same authority, is also inaccurate. P F. THE GOOD QUEEN CHARLOTTE CHAPTER I. THE YOUNG KING. 'GEORGE III., who ascended the throne in 1760, was a youth of great promise and much sagacity. His mother, the Princess of Wales, who by the death of her husband had been deprived of the succession, had considerable influence over her child, and with the aid of Lord Bute, " popularly considered the Favourite," seemed to cherish ambitious dreams of wholly directing and controlling the Government. The long reign that was now opening with such fair was destined to be a one hopes chequered ; and it might be said that few persons in a private station who have been unlucky or unfortunate have encountered so many disasters and misfortunes. For a time, indeed, all went well and happily for this most domestic of monarchs. Not yet was he harassed by undutiful and rebellious children, who brought him discredit, or by the miserable of his sister in Denmark tragedy ; by turbulent and hostile politicians and ministers, who were B 2 THE GOOD QUEEN CHARLOTTE even to his the revolt and final opposed sovereignty ; by loss of colonies the scandal of his flourishing ; by general or his own daughter-in-law's proceedings ; by recurring insanity, and final extinction of reason, as well as of sight.
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