AAEC-LIB/BIB-264

HEAT PIPES AMD THEIR APPLICATIONS

A Bibliography Complied by Jean Geus

January 1971

literature search covers the period 1964 - 1970. Abstracts checked were:- Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) Engineering Index (EI)

The heat pipe consists of a tube, a wick and a fluid that can transfer heat at a phenomenal rate DBVHRALL, J.B. Msrcury as a heat pipe fluid. . LA-43QO

STAR. 14 p026863 N7Q-28581., 31970

LOS A1AMDS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY, N. MB*. Hie space electric power R eiiitd D program, part 1. Quarterly status report, period ending 31 - 20 Pebruary 1970. (H«et pipe 'Operational principles) LA-4374 STAR. 16 p,,3076, If70-3iS19, 1970

MARIO, P.-J. f DALEY, T.J. and BALLBACK, L.J. An analytical and e^eifinisrital inveetigotiosa of rotating^ non-

capillary beat pipes. Annual ffeporte 30 Ju&@, ,\97@» MASA-CR-112657J MPS-59MJC7006U SXAR. 19 p.3646, N70-35?77, 1970

MARK), P.J.5 DA1LBY9 T.J. and BALLBAGK, L.J. An analytical end experimental investigation of rotating, non- capillary heat pipes. Annual report, SO Jisna, 1970. NASA-CR-lQ9g94? NPS-59MX70061A

STAR. 18 p.3459s N70-34254, 1970

PBRKlIf^BIJn CORP., No^x^alkj Conn., Optical Group I@rg3 telescope e%p@riinient progrgm (LTBP) vol. 1, part 2,

24 A^rils 1970. rlASA-CR-1027695 Rept-9800-vol. 1-Pt. 2 STAR. 16 p..2975, N70-31847, 1970

PimiOPF, Richard L. and SXLYERSXBIH9 Calvin C. Application @£ heat pipes to a nuclear aircraft propulsion system. 15-16 . HASA«m-X-3279l STAR. 12 p.2309, N70-25858, 1970

ROUSAR, D.C. Heat pipe technology for adv^need rocket $2ira8t (Chambere. Interim

report, 3 » 2 . 24 J«lyf 1970, NASA~eR«U0735| Report 697«i

STAR. 17 p83252, N70-33104, 1970.

.2. 3L9G9 Nuclear thermionic spare power system uoing rod control find b&at pipes. 1969? NASA-TN-D-5250 STAR. 14 p.2567, N69-26270 (Missing)

BASITJUS,, A. and DHOW, J.C. Heat pipe design for electron tube cooling. ASMS - Paper 69-HT~2S for meeting 3*6 August, 1969, BI.63 : 33618, p.1172, 1969

CftUMBAS, A.T. and HULETT, R.H. Avion!c heat pips. ASPffi « Paper 69-HT«-16 for msstissg 3-6 August, 1969, BI.68 : 36640, p.1172, 1969

CARLSON, Giatov A, and HDFFTviAI^ Myron A. Effect of magnetic fields on heat pipes* 31 Ddeen&er 1969. Prcsan^d at the ASMB Space Tachnol. and He®t Transfer Corp,. Loo Angelea, 21-24 June, 1970. VCRL-72060i COM»-70Q604-1 STAR. 18 p.3460, H70-34736, 1970

CHATO, J.C. and SIUECKERT, J.H. Performance of wick - limited heat pipe. ASMB - Paper 69-HT-20 for meeting 3-6 August, 1969.

BX968 s 32726. p.1172, 1969

DZAKOWIC, G.S.j TANS, Y.S. and ARCELLA, F*G. Sjcperimental study of water vapor velocity limit in sodium best

ASMS - Paper 69-HT-21 for meeting 3-6 August, 1969. BI.68 8 32909, p.1172, 1969

BtfBRS, Benjamin Jamas Jr. A parametric analysis o£ a d@ep sea radioisotope thermoelectric ggg&rator employing a heat pipe. . (M.S. thesis) STAR. 19 p.3594, N70-35294, 1970 AD-704790 .3- FBRRBLL, J.K,,; OOSTOVB, J.H. j CARNESALB, A. AND SCMDBNBORN, B.M. A study of the operating characteristics of thd heat pipe. Past 1 1. An analytical model £oi? premietiur,! u£ 0j»®tfa&ittg Hfnite of .heat pipes. Part 2. Capillarity in pcrcrs ccdio. Final report 30 Ap?il, 1969. ORO-3411~12-Pt.1-Pt.2

STARU 24 p,4683, N69-40085, 1969

PEI?J^ELL8 J.K. and JOHNSON, H.R. A study of the operating eharaefeirieties of th® heat pi^e. Part' 4. Heat transfer in the evaporator BOH® ®f a heat pipe. Final report, 1969. ORD*3411-12-Pt.4 STAR. 11 p. 2136, N70-23920,, £970

FRANZ, G. et al. Heat lessee of heated buried pipes. 2 . Translated into English from Waerme und Stoff Vebertrag () v.2, no. 2, 1969, p.109.117. NLL-CB-TraR0-5,315-(9022.09) STAR. 21 p.4038, N70-38925, 1970

OAMWIN, L.S. and BA«KBR, V.A. Heat pip® channel flow distsibutieaSe ASMS * Paper 69-HT-22 for meeting 3-d August,, 1969. HI.68 : 32907, p.1172, 1969

GRAY, V.K. r Rotating heat pipe wic&less, hollow shaft for trensfarring high heat fluxes. ASMS - Paper 69-HT-19 for meeting 3*6 August, 1969.

BX.68 s 36505 peli72s 1969

HMKHBSS, R.B. The GE06-2 heat pipe system and its performance in test and orbit. April, 1969. NASA-CR-107686f AD-693028) 7G-i049 STAR.0? » p.6963, W70-1S615, 1970

.4. KDUQSRBN, J.S. Preliminary program plan heat pipe paranotric data. August, 1969* DWDL-698-008 STAR. 21 p.4034, N70-38076, 1970

LANSSTON, L.S. aftsd KUNZ, H.R. Liquid transport properties of acme heat pipe wic&ing materials.

ASMS «• Paper 69-HT-17 foir meeting 3-6 Au^:i5Dte 1969, HI.68 i 36507, p.1172, I960

ZDNSSDERFPi •, R.W. Advanced heat pipe thermionic technology, task !„ dovQlopment of high voltage module. Midterm status roport, 1 - 28 . NTO-3979-1 STAR. 19 p.3553, N69-34467, 1969

IOS AUIBOS SCISNTIPXC LABORATJORY. N. Me«, Space eldetric R and D program. Part 1. Quarterly status sraport, period ending 31 January 1969, 39 February, 1969. LA-4109-MS-Pt.l STAR. 15 p.2865, N69-28827

LKMAN0 P.A. and HUAK3, Y.S. Analysis of temperature distributions in h©at pipe wicks. Asm - Paper 69-HT-23 for meeting 3-d August, U969. BX.08 8 40134 p.1172, 1969

McHNNBY, Billy Grant An espe?i«-i««tnl and analytical study of wutes1 h@st pipes for moderRte i temperature ranges. (Ph.D. thesis) 6 Jiaie, 1969. *»SA-»K-33849 STAR. 23 p.4489, N69-38853, 1969 tlARTOp P.J. and MDS'OLLER, W.L. HffiEct of nucleate boiling on opc?ation of low temperature heat pipes, ASMS - Paper 69-HT-24 for meeting 3-6 August, 1969, BI.68 $ 33018, p.U72, 1969

-5~ MILLER, Paul L and HOLM, Fransis w. Investigation of constraint^ in thermal similitude,, volsu I and 2. Final report, - . Baeerober 1969. vol. 1 AD-T01392J APFDL~TR-69-91 vol. I vol. 2 AD-700767; AFFDL-.TR~69-91 vol. 2 vol. 1 STAR. 13 p.2494, N7CW27405, 1970 vol. 2 STAR. IS p.2881, N7G-29914, 1970

MIILBRON, N. and v«OI£AST, R. Cfryopi^ping omiriitjron ultfa-vaeuurii systera usiisg "heat pipes" and metallic conductors. IEEE - Trans, on Nuclear Science v. NS-16 (3) « 941-4 June 1969 BI.68 : 42144 p.24, 1969

H1ILLIPS, B.C. and IIINDBIW?, J.D. Determination of properties of capillsiry raQdAe useful in heat pipes

No location given, possibly ASMB 69-KT-? papa? fc? sawia August meet- ing. BI.68 : 36506, p.1172, 1969

H1ZLUPS, B.C. Low-temperstiire heat pipe research program. 24 June, 1969. mSA~CR-667<>2j DAC-63366 STAR. 16 p.3072, N69-29839

PinUDFP, Richard L. Neutronic design of a r@@€tor core eonteiniog heat pipes for application to a nuclear sirplane, 1969, NASA-TM-X~52765i E-5571 S&&. 10 p.1898, N70-23226, 1970

SAVAGE, C.J. Heat pipes and vapour chambers for satellite thermal balance. June 1969, RAE-TR-4912

STAR. ©6 p911633 N70-17163, 1970

»6- SCHWARTZ, J. Performance map of water heat pipe and phenomenon on nan-coudens-

«ble gsif* gears'?! t ion B ASMS - Paper 69VHT-35 for meeting 3-6 August* 1969.

BI.68 5 36641 p,1172s 1969

S0LOSIWSHR, Arnold P Heat pipe devices for ©pace suit tempter a ture control. Research report, 30 - 1 September, 1968. October, 1969. NAKA-CR»1400j TRW-G6462*6QQS-RO-00 UTAR. 22 p.4120, N69-38491, 1969

SILVBRCTSINp Calvin C A study of heat pipe applications in nuclear aircraft propulsion systems. Final report. 1 Deceiaber, 1969. NASA-CR~7261Q| SI1U104 STAR.03 p.0504, H70-12923, 1970 mmm9 R.W. The module Qppffoach to blarsket dasigrts a vacuura wali free blanket using heat plpea. 13 August» 1969« P?na@nted at the International Conference on Nuclear Fusion Reactor, Culham^ England. OCRU71758; OONP-690901-2 STAR.05 p.O^lOj N70-13972, 1970 mrim, G.H. and FBLDMAN, K.T. Jr. Applicability of heat pipes to er^rgy conversion syaterns. Juae, 1969. SC-ARPIC-10128 SC-DC-67-2003

STAR.03 p.03998 N70-12728, 1970

ASME Papers 69~HT-i to 22, B@tmd and h@ld at 336u 24

-7- 1968

AWAM), D.Ke Heat pipe application to gravity - gradient satellite (Explorer XXXVI) ASMB - Aviation - space - prog/rese pre$p@tity. Annual avistion and space. Couif. Beverly Hills, Calif. 16-19 June, 1968. p.634-8. Bio68 i 32679 p.2613 1969

CONWAY, B.C. and KBLLBY, M.J. Analytical etudy and enparirsental investigation of techniques fo? improving electron tubes for space application. Final report. Decetrtber 1968 (mentions heat pipes) K'ASA~CR~86118 STM. 05 p.0802, N69-15313, 1969

CONWAY, B.C. and KBLLHY, M.J. Continuous heat pipe for spacecraft thermal control. ASMS «. Aviation and space - progress prosperity. Annual Aviation and Space Corp. Beverly Hille, Calif. 16-19 June/ 1968. p.655-8. El.68 s 32468 p.1171, 1969

DBVBR&LL, J.B. Tot@l hemi@ph@rical emissivity m&&UK&fa@nta by h@at pipe method. ASMB » Aviation and Spas© - Progrcoa and Prospects, Annual Aviation

and Space Conference, Beverly Hill?5 C@lif, 16-19 June. 1968. p.649-54. BI.68 t 32467 p.U71, 1969

FARRAN, R.A. and SXHRNBR, K.B. Determining ticking properties of compreeeible materials for heet pipe applications, ASin - Aviation and Space - Prcgr@

PBimtN, K,T. Jr. and WHITUta, G.U. Applications of heat pipe. M«ch. Bag. 90 (11) 8 48-53 (Nov. ,196©)

BI.68 t 02088 p.H7is 1969

*•£)«*• KATZOPP, S. Heat pipes and vapor chambers for thermal control of spacecraft. Themophyaica of spacecraft and planetary bodies, progress in

astronautics and ao?csautlco9 vol. 20 cd« by Gsrhard B0 Rsiior* Acadeoic PressB 3.968P p.761-818 froa Folding and Whitney, 1968

KUNZ, H.R. j WYJ>B, £.8.5 NASHXCK, G.H. and) BARNBS, J.P. Vap^r chamber fin studies. Operating cnarQcteristico of fin models* August, 1968. (Bxperimanta on two^mpox-ch@iQb@7 fin (lieafc pipe) gcorzetrico) NASA-CR-1139| PWR-3154 STAR. 20 p.3611, N68-33203, 1968 B2. 1969 i 07816 p.1171

LBB, J.O, @nd WERNBR( R.W. Concept for a gas buffered annular heat pipe fuel irradiation capsule. 25 July, 1968. UCIO-SOSIO STAR. 12 p.2152, K69-23629

LEVY, B.K. theoretical investigation of fteat pipes operating at low vapor pleasures. ASMS - Aviation and Space - progress prosperity. Annual Aviation and Space Conf, Beverly Hills, Calif. 16-19 June* 1968. p,671-6 B2.68 s 32469 p.1171-2, 1969

LOS ALASOS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY. N. MGK. Space electric power R and D program,, Part i. Quarterly status report, period ending 31 October, 1968, 22 November, 1968. (Fluid preesure conditions which can occur with aresyloff return heat pipes) 3LA-4039 STAR.il p.1924, N69.22403, 1969

EXSS ALAB«)S SCIBNTXPXC UK^A'IORV. H. Meat. Space electric power R and D programs-. Part 1. Quarterly status report, period ending 31 July, 1968, 23 August, 1968. (Heat trans- fer exper-imcrit^) lA-3936-MS-Pt.l

SCAR. 03 p,0S818 K69-12895, 1969 -9- ROBERTS, J.J. arid CROKB, k.J. Compact power concept features fast reactor, heat pipes and direct convertera. Reactor ^nd fuel proceBoins techEolocy 11 (4) s 1C7-2GQ, Pail 1963, EI.68 : 34247 p.1757 1969

ROBERTS, JBJ.; CRQKB, B.J.j CARTER, R.P. and IO'*CQt J.B. A heat-pipe cooled foot-reactor space power supply* Jwe 1968. ANL-7422 STAR. 09 p,i555, N69-20047, 1969

SHIOSINGBR,, A. P. Heat pipes for space suit temperature control. ASMB - Aviation £md space » progress and prospects* Annual Aviation and Space Conf. Beverly Hills, Calif. 16-19 June, 1968. p.643-3. BI.68 » 32630 p.2777, 1969

S1LVERSTBIN, Calvin C. Preliminary evaluation of gas turbine regenerators employing heat pipes. Final technical report. . USAAVLABS-ER..68-i05 AD-671028 STAR. 19 p,3359, N68-31316, 1968

SXRBCKBT, J.H. and CHA10, J.C. Development of a versatile system for detailed studies of the per- formance of heat pipes. . NASA-CR-100723; MH-Ta-64

STAR. 11 p.1817, N69-200478 1969

1HURMAH, J,L. and ME I, S. Application of heat piped to spacecraft thermal control problems. July, 1968. NASA-CR-109991j 1N-AST-275 STAR. 18 p.3459, N70-34436, 1970

TURNER, R.C. and HARBAUGH, W.fi, Design of 50,000 watt heat-pipe space radiator, ASMB •» Aviation ep®ce - progress and prospects. Annual Aviation and Space Conf. Beverly Hills, Calif. 16-19 June, 1968. EX.68 : 32738 p.1172, 1969. -10- W9 W. Study of passive temperature and humidity control systems for advanced space suits, Materials Research Report 1 - 1 . (Heat pipe fteeae up problems) HASA-CR-73271; THK=e54S2«6C07-ROCO STAR. 01 p.0021, N69-1064S, 1969

1967 B89SBNS, P. Thermionic converters with heat-pip® radiators. Interooc.lety energy conversion eng. con£@ff®gie@ - Tech. progress for meeting -17, 1967. p,181-7. £1. 1968 $.2429

COSGi^VEf J.H. | PBRRBLL, J.R. and CAHNESALB, A. Operating characteristics of capillary - limited heat pipe?- J, Nuclear Energy 21 (7) i 547-58, July, 1967. EX. 1967 (1) p.1119.

TOHALI, J,2, j MLMI, B.W., and ICNAPP, R.J. Orbital heat pipe experiment. Juno, 1967. LA-3714 From Feldman and Whitney, 1968.

ERNST, O.M. and EASTMAN, G.Y. Two piece heat pi^ converter. 21et anmial po^er oouicee c^afer- ence - Proc. U.S. Army Electronics Laboratcries, Fort ^ssnouth,

N.J., 16-18 Mays 1967, p.135-8. Bl, 1968, p.2429

t Karl Thomas Jr. "Plet-piate hooey comb heat pipe" and "Vapor-ehamber heat pipe"

Patent disclosures assigned to Northrop Corporate Lab. Hawthonje; Calif. 7 December, 1967. Prom Feldman and "Whitney, 1968

-11- PBLDMAN, Karl Thomas Jr. Flexible heat pipe. Patent disclosure, Albuquerque, 2 May, 1967. From Feldman and Whitney, 1968

&2LDMAN, K.T. Js. asd EHnWSS, 6.H. Heat pipe. Engrs*. Digest 28 (3) t 85-6 March, 1967. 22. 1968 p.1262 also Na^al Engrs. J. 79 (5) i 755-0 October, 1967 and Msch. Sng. 89 (2) t 30-3, February,, 1967 BI, 1967 p.1118-9

HASHIN, W.L. Cryogenic heat pipe. . AD«6S7-02S From Felding and Whitney, 1968

, J.E. Hegt pipe capability experiments. 27 October, 1966. LA-358.1-MS STAR. 08 p.1383, N67-19015, 1967

, G.H, and HANSON, J.P. Heat pipe analysis. Intereoeisty Energy Conversion - Teeh* Papers for iQ$9ting 13-17 August, 1967. p.847-57, BI. 1968 p.1262

FBBBRSEN, 3.S, Heat-pipe thermionic reactor concept. NUclear Bng. 12 (129) s 112-14, February, 1967 BI. 1967 (2) p.2108

RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. Direct Energy Con«ersioji Dwportmemt, Lancsstsr,, Pa. Diacuooiot: of heat pipe principles n.d. Prom Peidman and Whitney. Mec. Bng. February, 1967

-12- IA0IO CORPORATION OF AMBRXGA. Direct Bnergy Conversion Bapartsrssntj taaceeter, Pa. A unique and versatile device for heat traoajfor applications* RCA Reference 994-619 ' frofii.Peltfoan and YJhit&ey, 1067

KffiPJD BLECTESH ENGINEERING CORP. W6ltham~ Mass. Heat pipe thermionic converter development. Quarterly report. I - 10 January 196V. 10 . NASA-CR-83920J TE-4CS7-76~67j QR-2 STAR. 13 p.2250, W67-25878, 1967

BOHBAJJSKY, J. | STRUB, H. and VAN AHDEL, E. Heat transfer measurements using sodium heat-pipe teotfkirig at low vapor pressure. IEEE - thermionic conversion specialist conference., Conference Ree. 3-4 November, 1966, p.144-8. BX. 1968, p.2427

BQHDAKSKY, J. and VAN ANDBL, B. Hoat-pipe thermionic converter w;Uh graphito 3b@@?p^ion cosii^s reservoir worHsig at collector t@ip@rature. IBEB - thermionic Conversion Specialist Confer©oce. Cot&f9r@ne@ Rec. 3-4 ^vembes 1966 p. 239-42 Bl. 1968 p.2427

BUSSB, C.A.; GEIGHR, P.; POBIZSOIKfi, M. and QTiATAHRT, D4 Heat pipe lifetests at 1600°C and 1000°C. IEEE - Thermionic conversion speeialiet ceafere^cQ, Conference H@e.

3-4 Novemberff 1966. p.149-58

BX. 1%89 p. 2427

» C.A. Optimisation of hsat pipe thermionic converter fos- space pcw@r supplies. 1965. SUR-2534 e STAR. 07 p.1151, N66-16930, 1966

-13- GARNESALB, A.! OOSGERDVB, J.K. and FBHRBLL, J.K, Operating limits of the heat pi?s. Ill Sandia Corp. Proc. of Joint ABC/SnyuUo Lab. Host Pipe Conf. vol. 1, October 1966, p.27-44 SC-M-G6-623J CONP. 660645 STAR. 14 p.2631, N67-26794, 1967

®m&9 T.R. Status of the engineering theory of heat pipes. In Sandia Corp. Proc. of Joint AEC/Sandia Lab. Heat Pipe Conf. vol. 1, October 1966, p.59 SC-M-66-623 5 COHF-660645 STAR, 14 p.2631, K67-26792, 1967

BASWAN, G.Y. s BRNST9 D.M. \ ILALL, W.B^ TURNBRt R.C. and KESSLERB S.W. Revietv of fossil-fuel-fired thermionic energy convertere. (uses h@at pipe) IBEB » Thermionic conversion specialists conference. Conference Rec. 3-4 ^, p. 121-5. El. 1968, p.2428

FBRRELL, J.D. and CAimBSAI£t A. A study of the operating chatacteristies of thf heat pipe. Quarterly progress report, 1 October - 31 December, 1966. 1 February, 1967. TID-23809? QPR-6

STAR. 22 p.41675 N67-37896, 1967

HALL3R, B.C. and LBIBLBIN, s. Feasibility studies of space radiators using vapor chamber fins. q/ Proceedings of the Joint ^ABC/Sa£3dia Laboratories Ksat Pipe Conf. Albuquerque, October 1966. SC-M-66-623 Prom Peldntan and Whitney, 1968

MINT ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSIQN/SANDtA LABORATORIES HEAT PIPS CONFERENCE,

Albuquerquep M. Mex. October 1966. Proceedings. Sendia Laboratory Report SC-M-66-623 Frosn Feldman and Whitney, Mac. Eng. February, 1967 ..14- j

, J, E, Heat pipe capability experiments. In Sandia Corp. Proc. of Joint ABC/Sanditi Lab. Heat Pipe Cosaf« vol. 1, October 1966, p.11*25 SC-M-66-623& CQNP-660645 STAR. 14 p.2631, N67-26793, 1967 ISM*, B.I. Huc&ear - thermionic energy converter. (Useo heat pipes)

20th Annual po^er oourcee conference proc. U0S. Army sicetrebles laboratories. Fort Monmouth, N.J., 24-26 Hay, J1966. p. 172-5 BI* 1967 (2) p.2108

SOT3TBR, V.L. Fluid mechanics. 4th ed. New York, McGrow-Hili, 1966. p.17. Prom Peldman and Whitney, Mec. Bng. February, 1967

1965

g (*t»Af Optimization of heet pipe thermionic converters fo? space power supplies, 1965. Euratom report 2534 e From Peldman and Whitney, Mec. Bng. February, 1967

6OTBR, T.P. Iheory of heat pipes. 26 March, 1965. LA-3246-MS STAR. 09 p.1559, N66-18770, 1966

-15- DBVBRALL, J.E. and KEMMB, J.B. Satellite heat pipe. . LA-3278-MS

Prom Peldraan and Whitney0 Mee. Enge February> 1967

©OVmf G.M.5 BOHOANSKY, J. and BUSSE, C.&, The use of a new heat removal system in apace thermionic power supplies. January 1965 Euratom report 2229 e

From Feldman and Whitney, Mec. Bng. Februaryfl 1967

HAIU W.B. Heat~pipe expeffimsntSc IEEE - Thermionic conversion specialist, Ccnfeffeoce - Report 25-27 October, 1965 p.337-40 El. 1966 (2) p.2337

RAira, W,A. and !^MFfHe J.E. Survey of Los Alamos and Eurotorn he&t pip@ investigatioas, IBBB - thermionic conversion opecialiat. Cogiference - Report 25-27 October, 1965 p.325-36 BX, 1966 (2) p.2338

StBIN5 R.P. Grots problem in concurrent flow double pip® heat euchangcers. Chem. Eng. Progress Symposium Ser. 61 (59) i 76-87, 1965 BX. 1966 (2) p.1234 tmxr, T. Controllable heat pipe experiment. . SDO-U34 Prom Feldman and Whitney, 1968

1964

,9 G.M.| OOTrBR, T.P. and ERICKSON, G.P. SUnicturee of very high conductance. Journal of applied physics 35 8 1990-91, From Peldman and Whitney, 1968 ZJQS ALAMOS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORY High thermal conductance devices utilizing the boiling of lithium or silver. October, 1964 U-32U

'/Frora Feldnian and Whitney, M@c. Bag. P@bffu«ffyp 1967